Kodi ketosis ndi chiyani mwa anthu, kupewa matenda

Tikukupatsani kuti muwerenge nkhaniyi pamutuwu: "ketosis ndiyotani mwa anthu, kupewa matendawa," ndi ndemanga za akatswiri. Ngati mukufuna kufunsa funso kapena kulemba ndemanga, mutha kuchita izi pansipa, nkhaniyo itatha. Akatswiri athu a endoprinologist adzakuyankhirani.

Thupi laumunthu limatenga michere kuchokera kuzakudya, komanso kuchokera kumafuta ochulukitsa pansi pa khungu. Njirayi imayendera limodzi ndi mfundo yoti matupi a ketone ndi glucose amasiyanitsidwa mwachangu, ndipo maselo amalandila mphamvu yofunikira. Mkhalidwe womwe umapereka njira zoterezi umatchedwa ketosis muzochita zamankhwala.

Kanema (dinani kusewera).

Ketosis mthupi la munthu ndimomwe amawonongera mafuta. Cholinga chake chachikulu ndikupereka thupi ndi mphamvu. Yokha, ino si nthawi yathanzi lathu. Koma pali zovuta. Mwachitsanzo, ndi ketosis, mawonekedwe acetone ophatikizika. Ngati alipo ochulukirapo, ndiye kuti munthu amayamba kukhala ndi ketoacidosis, yomwe imabweretsa chiopsezo ku moyo.

Kuti ketosis ilowe, thupi liyenera kusowa shuga. Ndi gwero lamphamvu lofunikira kuchirikiza thanzi la thupi lathu. Pakakhala glucose wokwanira, thupi "limatenga" mafuta ochepetsa. Chiwindi chimakhudzidwa mwachindunji pazomwe zimachitika. Ndi iye amene amatulutsa ketonic acid.

Kanema (dinani kusewera).

Mkhalidwe wowonjezereka wa ketosis umatengera mawonekedwe a chamoyo china. Matenda a metabolism, kupezeka kwa matenda osachiritsika omwe amachititsa ketosis (mwachitsanzo, shuga) kumabweretsa kuledzera kwambiri.

Munthu amatha kudziwa ketosis pazizindikiro zingapo:

kufooka ndi kutopa,
kukodza pafupipafupi
kusanza ndi kusanza kosalekeza,
kuphwanya mtundu wabwinobwino wopumira (munthu amapuma kwambiri mpweya).

Anthu omwe akufuna kuchepetsa thupi amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana, makamaka, amasankha ketosis yochepetsa thupi. Mutha kuthamangitsa. Izi zimafuna chakudya chokhala ndi chakudya chamagulu ochepa.

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti ketosis imathandizira kuchepetsa thupi pakanthawi kochepa. Zakudya izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse ndi omanga thupi pokonzekera mpikisano.

Othandizira pakudya ali ndi chidaliro kuti zabwino za njira iyi yochepetsera thupi zimaposa zovuta zake. Poyamba, munthu akhoza kumva kuti watopa komanso wasokonezedwa. Pang'onopang'ono, thupi limazolowera zinthu zatsopano, pomwe masitolo a mafuta osunthika amatengedwa ngati gwero lamphamvu. Zotsatira zake, munthu samangolephera, komanso amalandila mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu, komanso kukhala bwino kwake kumafanizidwa.

Pofuna kupewa zovuta zoopsa, madokotala amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mavitamini. Chifukwa chake, thupi limalandira chilichonse chofunikira pantchito yabwinobwino.

Ketosis mu mwana amakula payekha ndi zakudya zosakonzekera bwino. Chakudya chamafuta kwambiri chimatsogolera pakupangika kwa matenda, komanso kufa kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kuchita kumawonetsa kuti ketosis imadziwoneka yokha motsutsana ndi zovuta zingapo zamtundu wina, zopatsirana, komanso zovuta zaumoyo wa endocrine. Pankhaniyi, zizindikiro zotsatirazi za ketosis zimawonedwa: kusanza pafupipafupi, kununkhira kwa acetone pokodza, kupweteka kwambiri pamimba.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zoyambira kumayambiriro kwa ketosis ndikuledzera. Mwanjira ina, kuledzera kwambiri kwa thupi. Zotsatira zake, chiwindi chimaleka kugwira ntchito mwachidziwikire; chifukwa chake, mavuto omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi matupi a ketone amayamba.

Tiyeni tiwone momwe angachitire ketosis. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti iyi ndi njira yochizira yomwe chithandizo sichikufunika. Kuti thupi lizisintha, ndikofunikira kusankha zakudya zoyenera.

Kuphatikiza apo, munthu amafunikira kupuma komanso kumwa pafupipafupi. Ngati zizindikiro za ketosis mwa munthu sizitha, nthawi yomweyo funsani katswiri. Panthawi imeneyi, pali mwayi wa ketoacidosis, womwe umakhala ndi ngozi yayikulu pamoyo.

Ketosis, kapena acetonemia - Matenda omwe amadziwika ndi kuchulukitsa kwa ng'ombe za ketone mthupi, ndikupangitsa kuti nyama zisokoneze kagayidwe kazakudya zamafuta, mafuta ndi mapuloteni. Ma ketones amawonekera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zili m'mimba mwa ng'ombe ndikusweka kosakwanira kwa mapuloteni ndi chakudya, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa ammonia ndikupanga mafuta ndi acetic acids, omwe amasinthidwa kukhala acetone ndi beta-hydroxybutyric acid, pamaziko a chinthuchi. zinthu ndi kuyipitsa thupi.

Ng'ombe acetonemia zimabweretsa zotayika zambiri, chifukwa chifukwa cha matendawa mkaka umachepetsedwa ndi osachepera 50%, nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito ziweto imachepetsedwa mpaka zaka zitatu, ntchito yolereka imasokonekera, ndipo kulemera kwa nyama kumachepetsedwa.

Ma ketones amathanso kudutsa kamwana kupita kukakhanda ndipo amatha kupangitsa kuti abereke, kapena mwana wa ng'ombe atafa; mwana wa ng'ombeyo atabadwa wamoyo, amakhala wofooka kwambiri ndipo angathe kutenga matenda osiyanasiyana.

Masiku ano kuli bwino kunena kuti ketosis sikuti imagwirizana ndi nthawi iliyonse pachaka, ndipo ingachitike nthawi iliyonse. Chokhacho chomwe chitha kudziwika ndikuti nthawi ya msipu podyetsa msipu, kuchuluka kwa zochulukirapo kumatsika kangapo. Nthawi zambiri, anthu azaka zapakati pa 4 mpaka 7 amakhala ndi acetonemia m'miyezi yotsiriza ya bere ndipo pakatha mwezi ndi theka atabereka.

Matendawa amathanso kuchitika chifukwa chomwa ma silage, omwe amakhala ndi acidy wambiri. Kukula kumeneku kumathandizidwa ndi kudyetsa asidi zamkati zam'madzi kuchokera ku beets, zinthu zowonongeka, komanso zinthu zamafuta zamagulu (mwachitsanzo, bagasse).

Palibenso chinthu china chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimatchedwa chakudya cha carbohydrate kapena kuchepa kwa mapuloteni okhala ndi zochuluka mkaka. Ndikusowa kwa chakudya chamagulu, thupi limayamba kuyamwa glycogen ku chiwindi, ndipo chifukwa cha ichi hypoglycemia imayamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ketosis iyambe.

Kusokonezeka mu endocrine system, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi chinsinsi chochepa cha glucocorticosteroids, adrenocorticotropic ndi mahomoni a chithokomiro. Komanso, zomwe zimayambitsa acetonemia zimatha kukhala matenda am'mimba komanso kumaliseche.

Chinthu choyamba chomwe muyenera kulabadira ndi mtundu wa mkaka. Pambuyo pakupanga mkaka, mankhwalawo amakoma kowawa, ndipo mu fungo lake mumakhala zolemba zakuthwa za acetone, pomwe chithovu chake sichimakhala pamkaka pakokha. Nyama imakhala yosayenda kwambiri, kuchepa thupi kumachitika, ndipo zingwe za tsitsi zimatha.

Kutayika kwa chakudya, ndipo ndi izi mkaka umachepa kwambiri, kufikira kuthera kwawo kwathunthu, ndikuyamba kununkhanso acetone kuchokera ku ng'ombe.

Pazinthu zakuthupi, kusintha kwodziwikiratu kumawonedwa: malovu amamasulidwa kwambiri, kunjenjemera kumadutsa thupi, kukukuta mano kosawoneka, kutentha kumatsika kwambiri, ng'ombe zimagona nthawi yochulukirapo. Hypersensitivity kuti kukopa kwakunja kuwonekere, ng'ombe zimachita mantha kwambiri ndipo zimakonda kukhala pamenepo.

Ngati mukuzindikira zizindikiro zakunja za matendawa, kuti mupeze matenda olondola, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zasayansi. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyesa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi mafuta pazinthu zomwe mwapeza - kusiyanasiyana kwa gawo limodzi ndi theka kukuwonetsa zomwe zingapangidwe ndi ketone zinthu.

Kuphatikiza apo, mu labotale, kuwunika kwa mkaka ndi mkodzo wa ziweto kumachitika.Nthawi zambiri amapita kukayezetsa ku Lestrade, chomwe chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi tsamba lowuma. Itha kukonzedwa kuchokera ku ammonium sulfate, sodium nitroprusside ndi anrogenrous sodium carbonate mu chiyerekezo cha 20: 1: 20 g 10 ml ya mkaka kapena mkodzo umayambitsidwa mwanjira imeneyi. Ngati kupezeka kwa matupi azilombo patapezeka, ndiye kuti reagent yonseyo imapeza utoto wofiirira.

Ngati ketosis mu ng'ombe yapezeka molondola, ndiye kuti chithandizo kunyumba chikuyenera kuchitika mosachedwa.

Onetsetsani kuti mukusamalira zakudya za ziweto: ngati nkhungu ikapezeka, iduleni nthawi yomweyo. Ndikofunikira kupatsa nyamayo chakudya chatsopano, chomwe chimaphatikizapo 10 makilogalamu a udzu wabwino, udzu wouma, mbewu za muzu, kuphatikizapo mbatata.

Mankhwala amathandizidwa kuti azisintha matenda onse ofowoka m'thupi. Kuyambira masiku atatu mpaka anayi, jakisoni wokhala ndi glucose wosachepera makumi awiri peresenti yokhala ndi maola 12 amatumizidwa.

Monga njira ina yothandizira, ndikulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa chisakanizo cha Sharabrin ndi Shaikhamanov pamimba yam'mimba, kutsatira malangizo a malita awiri.

Kuyika machitidwe azogonana komanso endocrine, sikungakhale kopanda pake kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a mahomoni, omwe amaphatikizapo mankhwala okhala ndi oxytocin.

Njira zabwino kwambiri zopewera ketosis mu ng'ombe ndikulola kuti nyamayo ipitilire mumweya wabwino nthawi zambiri. Ndikofunika kupatula zakudya zamtundu womwewo komanso zokhala ndi asidi wambiri. Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera udzu watsopano, ma beets, masamba ndi masamba ena mu chakudya cha ziweto, chifukwa zimatsuka m'mimba thirakiti, zimapangitsa kuti mulingo wa asidi ukhale wofanana.

Ng'ombe pa nthawi yotsekera zimaphatikizidwa chimanga, ma mulass, komanso mafuta apadera omwe amafunidwa kuti adyetse nyama. Komabe, musamadye kwambiri ng'ombe, chifukwa izi zingapangitse kuti mapuloteni awonjezeke, ndipo izi ndizodzaza ndi kuphwanya kwam'mimba.

Komanso, musaiwale zaukhondo wa odyetserawo, ma mbale omwe mumamwa komanso mabokosi enieni kuti nyama izigwe. Kuwona malamulo oyamba azakudya zoyenera komanso chisamaliro chabwino, mutha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha ketosis komanso matenda ena ambiri amphongo.

Zofunikira pakuchepetsa thupi nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa kuti zimachepetsedwa, kupatsidwa mafuta ochepa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri. Iwo omwe anayesera kuchepetsa kulemera podula zakudya zawo mwamphamvu amadziwa kuti njira imeneyi simupereka zotsatira zabwino: zotsatira zamapulogalamu zimakhazikika mwachangu, ndizovuta kusunga zomwe zimachitika pomaliza pake, osanenapo za kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono komanso kusakwiya.
Zakudya za ketogenic, motsutsana ndi njira zina, zimayang'ana pakanema - mafuta samangoletsedwa, amachititsa kuchuluka kwa zakudya, pomwe zakudya zamankhwala (ngakhale athanzi) ndizochepa.
Director Jim Abrahams adabwezera chidwi ndi makina azakudya izi (omwe adapangidwa kumbuyo mu 1920s) m'ma 1990s, akugawana bwino za mwana wake pakuthana ndi zizindikiro za khunyu, kuphatikizapo zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha zakudya zam'mimba. "Zotsatira zake" ndizofunikira kwambiri kuchepetsa thupi, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhazikika. Kuphatikiza apo m'nkhaniyo, nkhani monga:

ketosis mwa anthu - ndi chiyani,
Zotsatira zoyipa za kadyedwe ketogenic,
zabwino zazikulu
momwe mungalowe mu ketosis molondola.

Mutu wotsiriza udzalembetsa zotsutsana ndi njirayi.

Mafuta akhala ndi mbiri yoyipa (makamaka yodzadza). Zinthuzi zimatsutsidwa kuti zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri, matenda a mtima, pomwe ndizovuta zamphamvu kuposa chakudya.
Masewera a glucose amatsika kwambiri (chifukwa choletsedwa ndi zinthu za ufa, zipatso, shuga), mafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta.Nthawi yomweyo, zinthu zachilengedwe zimapangidwa zomwe zimathandizira kagayidwe - ma ketones. Ndi kuchuluka kwa ma ketones, kuwonda mofulumira komanso mosasintha kumachitika.

Zina zimathandizanso: ma genetics, zosowa zamagetsi, mkhalidwe wa thupi. Nthawi zambiri, ketosis imayamba kutsatira kadyedwe ketogenic mkati mwa sabata limodzi mpaka masabata awiri.

Chifukwa chakuti kuchuluka kwa servings sikumachepetsedwa kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimaloleza kukhutitsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali kumaloledwa, zakudya za ketogenic sizimadziwika ngati lamulo lokhazikika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azitsatira zakudya izi kwa nthawi yayitali.
Mukamadya chakudya chamafuta, kuchuluka kwake kumasinthidwa kukhala triglycerides, ndikubwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwa maselo amafuta. Magawo akuluakulu a shuga amalowa mthupi (ndipo nthawi zambiri), mafuta ocheperako amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphamvu, thupi limakhala losavuta kutenga mphamvu kuchokera kumagulu omwe amapezeka mosavuta. Zotsatira zake, mafuta omwe alipo satha, ndipo mafuta atsopano amasonkhanitsidwa.
Mothandizidwa ndi zakudya za ketogenic, chakudya chamagulu chimatha mpaka 5-10% ya chakudya (motsutsana ndi 40-60% muzakudya wamba). Nthawi yomweyo, zopangidwa ndi zero zopanda phindu siziperekedwa: kukonzedwa, zopangidwa ndi ufa, pasitala, zakumwa zotsekemera, zotsekemera. Ndiye kuti, ndizokhazo zomwe zakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kusinthasintha kwa shuga m'magazi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azidyetsa kwambiri.

Zakudya za ketogenic sizitanthauza kuwerengera kokhazikika kwa calorie. Kusamvana komwe kumachitika nthawi zambiri akamatsatiridwa zakudya mwachangu kumathetsedwa, ndikuchotsa mantha. Nthawi zambiri, omwe amatsatira mtundu uwu wa chakudya, ngakhale amachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, pomwe akukana kudya samawoneka ngati wolemetsa.
Kuphatikizidwa kwamafuta ndi protein yochepa kumapangitsa kupanga ghrelin ndi cholecystokinin. Kukhazikika kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale njala kumachepetsa kufunika kwamakudya, kumachepetsa kulakalaka zakudya zotsekemera komanso zopanda thanzi.
Matupi a Ketone amakhudzanso hypothalamus - dera lomwe limayeneranso kuwongolera ntchito monga njala ndi ludzu. Mwa kusintha mulingo wa leptin (mahomoni ena omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi mphamvu ya metabolism), ndizotheka kupewa kuchepa kwa kagayidwe kachakudya, komwe kosalephereka ndi zakudya zilizonse.

Glucose amalowa m'magazi, kapamba amapanga insulin, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakwera, mahomoni amapita ku maselo onse kuti adzagwiritse ntchito ngati mafuta. Ndi kudya mopitirira muyeso, glucose imasinthidwa kukhala glycogen ndipo imangokhala m'chiwindi ndi minofu, kenako kusintha kukhala triglycerides (mafuta acids).
Zakudya za Keto, kusintha matenda a glucose komanso kuteteza ku kudya kwambiri, zimapindulitsa zina zaumoyo:
• Amakhazikitsa kupanikizika,
• Kuteteza ku matenda ashuga,
• Imalepheretsa kuuma,
• wogwira khunyu.

Thupi likasinthika ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma ketones ngati mafuta, ntchito imabwezeretseka. Maselo amakhala ndi kuthekera kosintha acetoacetic acid kukhala beta-hydrobutyric acid, yomwe sikuti imangokhala gwero lamphamvu, komanso imathandizira ubongo.
Kuphatikiza apo, njira ya gluconeogeneis - kusintha kwa glycerol (komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha beta oxidation) kubwerera mgulu kumakupatsani mphamvu.

Kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana (makamaka zamitsempha)

Zakudya za ketogenic zimawonjezera mphamvu ya mankhwala a khunyu, matenda a Alzheimer's, mitundu ina ya khansa, komanso kupewa mitsempha.
Kutsika kwakukulu kwa kutuluka kwa glucose kuchokera kunja ndi kuyamba kwa njira ya ketosis kumapangitsa kusintha kwasinthidwe komwe kumathetsa kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo lazizindikiro.
Zosintha pakupanga kwa adenosine triphosphate zimapangitsa kuti ma neurons azikhala okhazikika komanso otengeka posintha zofunika za metabolic, zomwe zimakhudza ntchito yawo.

Mkhalidwe waukulu musanalowe ketosis ndikuchepetsa kupezeka kwa shuga m'maselo, ndikuchepetsa kwambiri chakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo la mapuloteni muzakudya limatsitsidwa, chifukwa mankhwalawa amathanso kusintha kukhala glucose.
Zakudya za ketogenic zimafotokoza kugawa pakati pa macronutrients: mafuta - 60-80%, mapuloteni - 15-25%, chakudya - 5-10%.
Kuti mupewe zovuta, ndibwino kuyamba kuletsa kuchokera ku 50-60 g yamafuta ochepa patsiku, pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake mpaka 20-30 g Mukamawerengera chizindikirochi, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zinthu zina zitha kuphatikizidwa muzakudya zopatsa mphamvu zamafuta ambiri (mwachitsanzo, fiber).
Kuwerengera kumathandizidwa ndikuthandizira kudziwa zomwe zili m'thupi la zakudya komanso kufunika kwa mphamvu, zowerengera zapadera pa intaneti (zowerengera zopatsa mphamvu). Pamene magawo a thupi amasintha (kuchepa thupi, kukula kwa minofu), kuwerengera kumafunikira kusinthidwa.

Mukasinthana ndi chakudya chomwe chikuyang'ana kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mafuta, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala. Izi ndizofunikira kwa iwo omwe amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga omwe ali ndi mavuto amtima, matenda a impso, kusowa kwa mahomoni kapena kugaya chakudya m'mimba.
Zakudya za ketogenic ndizosavomerezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la metabolic, komanso akuvutika ndi:
• matenda a ndulu,
• kudzimbidwa kwa lipid
• kapamba,
• chiwindi ntchito,
• uchidakwa,
• matenda a porphyrin,
• Pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya m'mimba.
Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, pamakhala chiwopsezo chachikulu cha ketoacidosis, mkhalidwe wa metabolic womwe umayambitsidwa ndi ma ketones ochulukirapo. Mwa anthu athanzi, njira ya ketosis imayendetsedwa ndi insulin, mahomoni awa amawongolera mapangidwe a matupi a ketone ndikuwongolera kayendedwe ka mafuta acids.
Kupanga kwa insulin kumadziwika ndi matenda amtundu wa 1, ndichifukwa chake thupi limalephera kupanga ma ketones. Kuchulukanso kwa ludzu, kukoka pafupipafupi, kusanza, kufooka, kupuma movutikira, kupweteka kwam'mimba, kuchepa kwa magonedwe kumalepheretsa kukula kwa ketoacidosis.

Ketosis mwa anthu, chifukwa cha zakudya za ketogenic, zimatha kukhala zopindulitsa zonse (kuphatikizapo kukulolani kuti muchepetse thupi mwachangu) ndikuvulaza. Poganizira za kuthekera kosinthira ku chakudya chotere, muyenera kuganizira zonse zomwe zili pamwambapa, ndipo ngati muli ndi matenda, pitani kuchipatala.

Monga mukudziwa, thupi limatha kulandira michere osati kokha kuchokera kuzakudya zomwe zimadyedwa, komanso kuchokera kumisika yamafuta ochulukirapo osakanikirana. Nthawi yomweyo, matupi a glucose ndi ketone amayamba kuwonongeka mwachangu, kupatsa maselo mphamvu. Mkhalidwe womwe umapereka njira zotere umadziwika mu mankhwala monga ketosis.

Pakusweka kwa zakudya zophatikiza ndi chakudya chamagulugufi, glucose amapangidwa mthupi la munthu. Otsatirawa amakhala ngati gwero lamphamvu lamphamvu, lomwe limafunikira kuti thanzi lathu lonse lipangidwe. Kusowa kwenikweni kwa shuga kumayambitsa njira monga ketosis. Uku ndikuphwanya mafuta omwe adadzisunga kale. Mchitidwewu umayambitsidwa chifukwa chopanga ketonic acid ndi chiwindi. Kupitanso patsogolo kwa matendawa kumatengera kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe ka munthu aliyense payekha. Kusokonezeka kulikonse kwa metabolic, kukhalapo kwa matenda omwe amathandizira kutsegula kwa ketosis, makamaka matenda a shuga, kungayambitse kuwopsa kwa thupi. Pali nthawi zina pomwe ketoacidosis mu matenda a shuga amatha akamwalira. Koma tidzakambirana zambiri za izi pambuyo pake.

Ketosis ndi chikhalidwe chodziwika ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

kufooka wamba
nseru
kumakhala wokhazikika
pafupipafupi, pokodza pokodza.

Ketosis mwa anthu - ndi chiyani? Poyerekeza ndi zomwe zidachitika pamwambapa, kusowa kwamadzi kumatha. Kenako pamabwera vuto la ludzu lalikulu.Ndi zovuta za ketosis, fungo la acetone limachitika pakupuma komanso pokodza. Pakakhala zolephera zazikulu za metabolic, mpweya wopumira umasokonezeka. Munthu nthawi zambiri amapumira mkati ndipo phokoso limatulutsa mpweya m'mapapu.

Chifukwa chake tidazindikira kuti ketosis mwa anthu ndi momwe ilili. Kodi zinthu zoterezi zimayamba bwanji? Mutha kuyitcha mwadala mwakukhala pakudya chamafuta ochepa. Cholinga chachikulu cha mapulogalamu azakudya izi ndi kuchepa thupi panthawi yochepa kwambiri. Makina azakudya za chikhalidwe choperekedwa chikufunika kwambiri pakati pa anthu otchuka, anthu omwe amafunika kupita pagulu mwanzeru. Zakudya za Ketose zimapangidwanso ndi omanga thupi kuti achepetse mafuta amthupi posachedwa zisanachitike.

Kodi ketosis ndi chiyani ndipo ndi chiyani?

Zizindikiro za matendawa mwa anthu ndi nyama

Kuchuluka shuga

Kuchulukitsa ketone mu mkodzo

Kuyamwa mwachangu ndi ludzu

Matendawa akamakula, zizindikilo zina zimatha kulumikizana: kupweteka kwam'mimba, kusanza ndi kusanza, kupuma movutikira, kukomoka, kuvutika kuganizira.

Zizindikiro za ketosis nthawi zambiri zimakhala: kutopa, kufooka, kusintha kwa kusintha kwa magazi, kuchepa kwa magazi ndi kukumbukira, kutsika kwa chitetezo chokwanira.

Nthawi zambiri, ketosis imakhala yochepa kwakanthawi pomwe thupi limayambanso kupanga shuga m'magazi. Koma ngati munthu mwadala atalikitsa mkhalidwe wa ketosis, ndiye kuti amatha kutsogolera kumutu ndi kupweteka m'mimba, ludzu, kupuma movutikira.

Kuti mupewe ketoacidosis, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira shuga wamagazi, kumayesa mayeso a mkodzo pafupipafupi, kumwa insulini molingana ndi dongosolo lanu lamankhwala, idyani kumanja.

Werengani zambiri za kuopsa kwa zakudya za ketogenic pano.

1. Kupeza chakudya mokwanira komanso mphamvu m'malo onse amtundu wa mkaka molingana ndi zosowa za nyama. Nthawi zonse chakudya chophatikiza chamtundu wabwino (zaukhondo!)

Ubwino wabwino ndi chilichonse! Ma silage abwino amapulumutsa pazowonjezera zamphamvu zamagetsi.

3. Kudyetsa ng'ombe zowuma:

ngati kuli kotheka, ogaŵikana m'magulu awiri: nkhuni zakufa zosapatsa mphamvu komanso nthawi yayitali yopatsa mphamvu
mabizinesi okha omwe amakhala ndi zochulukitsa zochuluka komanso kusapezeka kwa nyama zodyetsedwa kumapeto kwa mkaka wa m'mawere kumachepetsa nthawi yakuuma mpaka masabata 5-6
gwiritsani ntchito: dyetsani nyama zonse zouma ndi chakudya chimodzi, izi ziyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zochepa (zosakwana 6.0 MJ CHEL / kg CB)
gwiritsani ntchito mchere wa ng'ombe zowuma: makamaka kupatsa nyama mavitamini ndi mchere (umapangitsa chitetezo chokwanira)
kampani iliyonse iyenera kukhala ndi pulogalamu yake yopewera paresis

4. Mulingo woyenera wabwino wa ng'ombe zowuma

Nambala ya BCS: 3.25-3.75
osachepetsa thupi (kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta m'thupi) panthawi yadzuwa
magawo awiriwa ayenera kuwunikidwa nthawi zonse

5. Kugawa kokwanira kwa chakudya (komanso / makamaka nkhuni zakufa)

bwino mu mawonekedwe a chakudya chosakanizidwa bwino
kudyetsa sikuyenera kukhala kotentha komanso nkhungu

6. Kulimbikitsa nyama (makamaka nkhuni zakufa ndi nthawi yoyenda)

kuwala komanso mpweya wambiri
madzi abwino komanso oyera
mabokosi abodza oyera komanso osalala (1.30 x 2.90 m)
njira zazifupi zokwanira, njira yaying'ono yodyera ndi zakumwa
malo ambiri patebulo la aft (m'lifupi - 75 cm / mutu)

7. Kubereka mu mayi woyembekezera ndi bedi lakuya la udzu

malo okwanira kubereka: 4 malo a ng'ombe / 100 ng'ombe
kubwezeretsa zinyalala pafupipafupi (kuteteza khungu ku matenda, makamaka mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kugona ndi kubereka)

Ng ombe zimakonda kusamalidwa bwino, komanso zimatha kuisamalira, ndiye kuti sizifunikira zakudya zapadera zowonjezera.

8. Madzi ofunda atangobereka kumene (20-50 l)

9. Kuyang'anira zinyama:

machitidwe, kulakalaka (tsiku ndi tsiku)
muyeso wa kutentha (tsiku lililonse sabata yoyamba kubadwa)

10. Kusungunula nsapato isanafike

11. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a glucoplastic:

propylene glycol: imalimbikitsa kupanga insulin, kupewa: 150 ml / mutu patsiku, kumayambiriro koyambirira: 250 ml / mutu patsiku kukhazikitsa kagayidwe
kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa propylene glycol m'masiku oyambira pambuyo pa kubereka ndikofunikira:
- Ng'ombe zazikazi zazikulu ndi zochuluka kwambiri
- Ng'ombe zonenepa kapena zoonda kwambiri
- Nyama zokhala ndi mavuto azaumoyo (mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pobala, matenda abulidwe, ndi zina zambiri)
Glycerin alibe keto-prophylactic mwachindunji, koma amathandizira pakuwonjezeka kwa chakudya ndipo mwakutero amakonza bwino vutolo.

12. Kugwiritsa ntchito niacin

amalepheretsa lipolysis ndipo imathandizira kutembenuka kwa mphamvu
Mlingo wogwira ntchito ngati kuli kofunikira: 6 g / mutu patsiku (mwachitsanzo, pa 150-200 g ya chakudya cham'madzi patsiku ndi 36,000-40,000 mg / kg ya chakudya cham'mimba)
kufunika kwa niacin kwambiri zimatengera kapangidwe kazakudya ndi kagayidwe. Mukamadya ndi chidebe chokwanira kuti mupeze kutafuna koyenera komanso kukhala ndi thupi lokwanira, ndiacin yomwe nyamayo imatulutsa payokha nthawi zambiri imakhala yokwanira.

13. Kugwiritsa ntchito choline (choline chloride, iyi ndi imodzi mw mavitamini a B)

ikuyenera kukhala yolimba pakhungu
zochuluka zedi zomwe zimadyedwa ndi roughage, koma zimagawanikana ndi ma virus pama rumen
amachita ngati wopereka gulu la methyl
ntchito popanga lipoproteins, omwe amatumiza mafuta ku chiwindi, kupezeka kwa choline kungakhale chifukwa chochepetsera
amachita ngati gawo loyambirira la makutidwe ndi okosijeni a mafuta motsutsana ndi ketosis
Chokwanira choline chimapulumutsa methionine mu metabolism
ogwira mlingo wa choline koyera pofunikira: 6 g pa mutu uliwonse patsiku

14. Kugwiritsa ntchito methionine

uku ndi kuimitsa koyamba amino acid mu kapangidwe kamkaka, mutha kuyambitsa zakudya mu mawonekedwe osakhazikika mu rumen
ndi kuchepa kwakudya m'zakudya, choyambirira, zimakhudza kuwonjezeka kwa kapangidwe kake ka protein
methionine imakhala ndi ntchito yoteteza chiwindi monga wopereka magulu a methyl, potero amachepetsa chiopsezo cha ketosis
ogwira mlingo wa methionine khunyu pakakhala kofunikira: 5 g pamutu uliwonse patsiku
Kupereka kwa methionine kumatha kuthandizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zili ndi amino acid ndi gawo lalikulu la mapuloteni omwe sangathe kuthyoledwa m'mazira (mwachitsanzo, chakudya champhongo)

15. Kugwiritsa ntchito L-carnitine

zinthu ngati vitamini
zopangidwa mthupi kuchokera ku amino acid lysine ndi methionine
zimakhudza kagayidwe ka mafuta, L-carnitine imayendetsa bwino kayendedwe ka mafuta acid kupita ku mitochondria, zomwe zimawonjezera mphamvu zawo ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyaka mafuta. Itha kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa mankhwala a liebiis ndikuchepetsa kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi.
ngati pakufunika, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa L-carnitine mu mawonekedwe otetezedwera muzakudya kuti asawonongeke pakhungu
ogwira carnitine khunyu akafunika: 2 g pa mutu patsiku

16. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA-conjugated fat acid)

mafuta acid
Imachedwetsa kaphatikizidwe wamkaka wamafuta, potero kuchepetsa mafuta mkaka kumayambiriro mkaka wa m`mawere
zimathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa kupanga mkaka ndi / kapena kuchepa kwa kuchepa kwa mphamvu zamagetsi (ngati palibe kuwoneka kowoneka bwino)
ndi kusintha kwa mphamvu moyenera pazabwino za metabolic zitha kuyembekezeredwa

17. Mafuta Otetezedwa Amasamba

momwe kagayidwe kamakhudzidwe amafotokozedwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana: ngakhale chiwonjezeko chikuyembekezeka, kupatsa chakudya sikuti kumalimbikitsa kupangika kwa insulin. Kuphatikiza kowonjezera mafuta, makamaka mafuta osakwaniritsidwa, kumatha kufulumizitsa kuchepa kwamafuta ndikuwonjezera ngozi ya ketosis. Mafuta otetezedwa amakhala ndi vuto lofananalo akaphatikizidwa muzakudya zamtundu wa mayendedwe asanabadwe.
zabwino ndi njira zoteteza motsutsana ndi ketosis mukadyetsa chakudya m'minyewa chifukwa cha mphamvu zamagetsi komanso kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi sikunatsimikizidwe ndipo amakayikira kwambiri
mafuta ochulukirapo nthawi zambiri amatha kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi. Izi zimatsogolera pakupanga mapangidwe a progesterone ndi estrogen. Kukula kwa Corpus luteum, follicles, komanso kukhazikika, chakudya komanso kupulumuka kwa mwana wosabadwayo kumakhudzidwa (izi zikutanthauza kuti ndizotheka kusintha magwiridwe antchito).
koma mafuta samabweza katemera wa insulin, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo cha ketosis ndichambiri. Chifukwa chake musagwiritse ntchito mafuta otetezedwa panthawi yoyenda.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta otetezedwa ndikofunikira kumayambanso mkaka wokwanira, chifukwa ng'ombe zokhala ndi msambo, monga lamulo, 400-800 g pa mutu uliwonse patsiku, ng'ombe zikamabereka - gawo limodzi mpaka magawo awiri pa atatu a zonse.

Kafotokozedwe pamwambapa ka zakudya zapadera zowonjezera ndi zitsanzo zomwe zimadalira momwe zimakhudzira mphamvu zamafuta ndi mafuta, komanso kuthekera kuthetsa kapena kuchepetsa zovuta zama metabolic.

Mankhwala ena amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuthandizira pakukonza chimbudzi m'mimba ndi / kapena kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mphamvu ya chamoyo ndikuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa oxidative mu ng ombe, zomwe, makamaka kumayambiriro kwa mkaka wa magawo, zimatha kukhala zothandiza komanso zofunikira kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, yisiti yamoyo, vitamini E, beta-carotene, othandizira othandizira).

Kuwonetsedwa kwa ketosis mwa anthu ndi nyama ndi chizindikiro cha kupweteka kwa m'mimba mucosa ndi dongosolo la urogenital lokhala ndi matupi a ketone:

Poyerekeza ndi chiyambi cha chizindikiro chotsiriza, madzi am'mimba amayamba, omwe amayambitsa ludzu kwambiri. Mwanjira zovuta zowonongeka kuchokera mkamwa ndi mkodzo, fungo la acetone limawonedwa. Pali kuphwanya mtundu wa kupuma komwe kumakhala kaphokoso komanso kuya.

Ketosis ndicho cholinga cha zakudya zambiri zotsika mtengo zomwe zimafuna kuchepetsa kunenepa kwakanthawi kochepa. Njira zamagetsi zoterezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse ndi otchuka omwe amafuna kusunga kulemera kwawo mwanjira.

Khalidweli limasemphana ndi malingaliro wamba, popeza chakudya chamafuta ochepa, kukanidwa kwamafuta a nyama ndi zakudya zina zosafunikira ndizoyenera kwakanthawi koti kutulutsa kwakanthawi kwa minofu yapansipaneous adipose. Zakudya zofananazi zimachitidwa ndi omanga thupi asanagwire ntchito.

Zakudya zoterezi zimaphatikizanso dongosolo la zakudya lodziwika bwino la Ducan, pamene zakudya zabwino zimafunikira kuti thupi lathule bwino, lomwe limataya mphamvu zambiri poyenda zolimbitsa thupi. Izi ndizofunikira pakuchira molondola komanso mwachangu minofu yodzaza.

Chifukwa chake, mwa nyama zoterezi ndizofunanso kupita kwa veterinarian.

Ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa pakati pa malingaliro a ketosis ndi ketoacidosis.Njira ya ketosis imatha kuchitika pamene thupi sililandira chakudya chokwanira ndikuchilowetsa mmalo mwa zakudya za protein. Chofala kwambiri masiku ano ndi ketosis imachitika munthu akaona zakudya zilizonse zapadera zomwe zimayambitsa kutentha kwakukulu kwa mafuta osungidwa.

Kodi ndizotheka kuyambitsa "trigger" ketosis?

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti ketosis imathandizira kuchepetsa thupi pakanthawi kochepa. Zakudya izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse ndi omanga thupi pokonzekera mpikisano.

Ketosis komanso kuopsa kwake mthupi

Pofuna kupewa zovuta zoopsa, madokotala amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mavitamini. Chifukwa chake, thupi limalandira chilichonse chofunikira pantchito yabwinobwino.

Ketosis mwa ana

Ketosis mu mwana amakula payekha ndi zakudya zosakonzekera bwino. Chakudya chamafuta kwambiri chimatsogolera pakupangika kwa matenda, komanso kufa kwa nthawi yayitali.

Zokhudza chithandizo cha ketosis

Tiyeni tiwone momwe angachitire ketosis. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti iyi ndi njira yochizira yomwe chithandizo sichikufunika. Kuti thupi lizisintha, ndikofunikira kusankha zakudya zoyenera.

Zizindikiro zake komanso zakudya zamagulu ochepa

Zizindikiro za novice ketoacidosis zimaphatikizapo nseru ndi kusanza, komanso fungo la acetone lotchulidwa. Kukula kwa matendawa kumalumikizidwa ndi kusintha kosiyanasiyana, koma matenda ashuga ndi omwe amayambitsa.

Zinthu zovulaza zimakwiyitsa mucous membrane wamatumbo ndi dongosolo la genitourinary system, zomwe zimayambitsa kukakamiza pafupipafupi kupita kuchimbudzi. Zotsatira zake, kusowa kwamadzi kumachitika, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi ludzu losalekeza. Kwa mawonekedwe owopsa, zovuta zodziwikiratu ndi ntchito ya ziwalo zopumira zimadziwika, kupuma kumakhala kovuta komanso kaphokoso.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti zakudya zamafuta ochepa, zomwe ntchito yayikulu ndikuchotsa mapaundi owonjezera munthawi yochepa kwambiri, kumabweretsa gawo loyambirira la matendawa. Komabe, asayansi ndi akatswiri salimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, popeza izi ndi zinthu zochepa chabe zochepetsa thupi.

Zakudya zama carb ochepa ndizoletsedwa kwathunthu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kusokonezeka kwa metabolic, komwe kumatha kuyambitsa mitundu yayikulu ya metabolic acidosis. Ndi kuchepa kwamafuta amthupi, glucose alibe nthawi yoti apangidwe mochulukirapo, ndipo izi zimatsogolera pakupanga matupi a ketone ndikupanga ketoacidosis.

Ngati zizindikiro zoyambirira zapezeka, ndikofunikira kuchipatala kuti muthandizire, omwe, pambuyo pofufuza ndi kuwunika, apereka chithandizo chamankhwala choyenera, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimathandizira kupewa chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga.

Zimayambitsa ketosis

Ketosis ndi mkhalidwe wakuthupi, ndipo ketoacidosis kale ndi mkhalidwe wa momwe mungagwiritsire matupi a ketone m'magazi ndiokwera kwambiri kotero kuti mulingo wa acid-base wolimbitsa thupi umasunthira mbali ya acid. Ngati chitukuko cha ketoacidosis sichinayimitsidwe munthawi yake, ndiye kuti pali mwayi wakufa.

Mothandizidwa ndi ketosis, matupi a ketone amapangika ndendende momwe thupi limafunikira kuti alandire mphamvu, ndipo onse amayamba kuwonongeka. Mu mkhalidwe wa ketoacidosis, matupi a ketone ndi ochulukirapo ndipo thupi likuyesetsa kwambiri kuchotsa matupi a ketone owonjezereka mkodzo, kudzera pakhungu komanso m'mapapu.

Zimayambitsa ketosis

Chakudya cha Ketosis ndi Ducan

Thupi limatha kulandira michere yofunikira osati kuchokera kuzakudya zokha, komanso kuchokera kumafuta ochulukirapo.

Maselo mthupi akapanda kupeza chakudya chokwanira kuchokera ku chakudya, amayamba kupanga mafuta ochulukirapo kuti akhale ndi mphamvu yofunikira. Chifukwa cha kukonza mafuta, matupi ambiri a ketone amalowa m'magazi. Anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamafuta ochepa, amachititsa ketosis, koma sizingakhale zovulaza monga momwe zimawonekera poyamba.

Kodi kukhala owopsa a ketosis panthawi yakudya?

Malinga ndi akatswiri azakudya, zabwino za njira ya ketogenic yochepetsa thupi zimaposa zovuta zake. Pakati pa masabata oyamba akusala kudya, kusintha kwa metabolic kumachitika mthupi. Pakadali pano, pali chikumbumtima chosazindikira, komanso kutopa konse. Komabe, thupi likangosintha kusintha, gwero lalikulu lamagetsi ndi magawo ogawa mafuta. Pankhaniyi, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kumawonedwa mwa munthu, ndipo vutoli limadzuka kwambiri kuposa momwe limagwiritsidwira ntchito ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi.

Vuto lokhala ndi ketone zakudya limatha kukhala kusowa kwa zinthu zina. Pofuna kupewa zovuta zaumoyo, motere, tengani mavitamini ndi kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi mchere. Komanso, pakudya njala ya ketosis, ndikofunikira kudya masamba obiriwira, mpunga, mbatata wokoma, pasitala wopangidwa ndi tirigu wa durum.

Mwa ana, ketosis imatha kukhala ndi zolakwika pakukonzekera kudya. Mafuta ochulukirapo mu chakudya kapena kusala nthawi yayitali kumabweretsa chitukuko cha matenda. Ketosis mu ana amathanso kupanga motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda ena opatsirana, amodzi ndi endocrine.

Vutoli limadziwikanso mu makanda omwe ali ndi kupsinjika nthawi zonse, komwe kumachitika nthawi zina. Maonekedwe a chitukuko cha ketosis mwa mwana amalola kuoneka ngati fungo la acetone pakukodza, komanso kuponderezedwa kwa kupweteka m'mimba.

Mu shuga mellitus, kukula kwa ketosis kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kosakwanira kwa insulin m'magazi. Poterepa, thupi limadziunjikira kuchuluka kwa glucose. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulini, michereyo sikusweka ndipo simalimbitsa maselo a thupi. Kuti athe kulipira chakudya cham'mimba, thupi limayamba ntchito yogawa ma amino acid mothandizidwa ndi ma enzyme omwe amapangidwa m'chiwindi. Kusintha kwa mafuta acids kukhala matupi amtundu wa ketone kumayamba. Pambuyo pake, chifukwa cha zovuta za metabolic, munthu amafunikira insulin pafupipafupi. Kupanda kutero, kutsika kwathunthu kwa thupi kumachitika - ketoacidosis. Itha kutha ndi chikomokere, ndipo pambuyo pake kumwalira kwa wodwala wodwala matenda ashuga.

Ketosis ndi ketoacidosis mu matenda ashuga angayambire:

kupanga zolakwika pakusamalira zakudya zomwe wodwala amadya,
njala kapena kuvutitsidwa kwa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chamafuta ambiri,
kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a insulin ofunikira, mankhwala ena omwe amachepetsa shuga la magazi,
kutalika kwa nthawi yayitali dzuwa.

Khosi la ketosis limatha kukhazikika pakamwa pa kumwa kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, njirazi zitha kuyambitsidwa pazifukwa zingapo:

zolakwika za chiwindi mothandizidwa ndi mowa, zomwe zimafotokozedwa mu kuphatikizika kwa matupi a ketone,
pang'ono pang'ono kapena njala yonse panthawi yakumwa kwambiri.
kusakwanira kuchotsa kwa matupi a ketone kuchokera mthupi chifukwa chakutha kwa madzi.

Zomwe zimaperekedwa zimatha kukhazikika osati mwa anthu, komanso nyama, makamaka ng'ombe. Matendawa amachititsa kuchepa kwa zokolola za mkaka ndi 10-15%, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti alimi azitha. Kupita patsogolo kwa matenda a pathological mu thupi la ng'ombe kumabweretsa kutsika kwa nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera ndi chiweto. Nthawi zina, zotsatira za kakulidwe ka ketosis ndikumwalira kwakanthawi kwa ng'ombe, kusokonezeka mu hoteloyo, chifukwa chake, kufunafuna ng'ombe zamkaka zophikira nyama.

Ketosis mu ng'ombe imatha kukhazikitsidwa motsutsana ndi:

kudya kwambiri nyama yodyetsedwa ndi chakudya chopanda msipu ndi mbewu zatsopano mu chakudya,
Kufewetsa ng'ombe ndi chakudya chama protein panthawi yoyamwa,
kudyetsa ziweto zamagulu abwinobwino, momwe mumapezeka kuchuluka kwa ma butyric acid.

Kuti athetse vuto la pathological, nyamayo imasinthidwa kuti idyetse ndi udzu wapamwamba, mizu. Milovu imayambitsidwa muzakudya. Ng'ombe, momwe ketosis imayamba, imaleka kudyetsa ndi silage, zinthu zina zofunika kuzilimbitsa.

Ketosis ndi mkhalidwe womwe kuchotsedwa sikufuna chithandizo chamankhwala kuchipatala. Kuti mubwezeretse thupi kukhala labwino, muyenera kubwezeretsa thanzi labwino. Munthu amafunikanso chakumwa chochuluka komanso kupumula kwabwino. Nthawi yomweyo, zizindikiro za mkhalidwe zikawoneka mwa anthu omwe amadalira insulin, wotsirizayo ayenera kukaonana ndi dokotala. Zowonadi, pamenepa, kukula kwa ketoacidosis kungakhale pachiwopsezo cha moyo.

Chifukwa chake tidasanthula kuti ketosis ndi chiyani. Zizindikiro, chithandizo choyambira matendawa tsopano mukudziwa. Monga mukuwonera, ketosis imatanthawuza machitidwe m'thupi, akachitidwa, pamakhala kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mafuta osunthika kuti apatse maselo a thupi mphamvu. Zochitikazo zimayamba ndi kusowa kwa zakudya zopatsa thanzi.

M'malo mwake, ketosis siopseza moyo. Zotsatira zoyipa pa thanzi zimatha kupangidwa kokha mwa kupangika kwambiri kwa matupi a ketone, omwe amakhala ndi mankhwala acetone. Ndi kudziunjikira kwawo kofunikira mthupi, ketoacidosis imatha kuchitika - kulephera kwa kagayidwe kachakudya, mawonekedwe owopsa omwe amatha kupha. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukhala atcheru ndikudziwa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zakudya za ketone.

Thupi limatha kulandira michere yofunikira osati kuchokera kuzakudya zokha, komanso kuchokera kumafuta ochulukirapo.

Ketosis ndi njira yomwe imachitika mthupi kuti igwetse mafuta osunthika, chifukwa chake ambiri matupi a ketone amalowa m'magazi:

Izi zimayamba pakakhala kuchepa kwa zakudya zamagulu ndi michere zomwe amapanga.
Ndikusowa kwa glucose, mafuta amawonongeka, ndipo chiwindi chimayamba kutulutsa ma ketonic acid, omwe cholinga chake ndi kupanga mphamvu.

Zomwe zidzachitike mtsogolo zimangodalira kagayidwe ka munthu, ngati kali ndi vuto:

Poizoni wowopsa ungachitike,
Zotsatira zoyipa.

Ketosis imakhala yofala kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso omwe amadya chakudya pang'ono. Omwe amakonda zakudya zama carb otsika amafunika kudziwa kuti ketosis mwa munthu imakhala yochepa bwanji komanso momwe angachitire.

Madokotala ambiri azakudya ali ndi malingaliro akuti njira yochepetsera thupi la ketogenic ili ndi zabwino zambiri kuposa zovuta.

Masabata angapo atatha kufa ndi njala mwa anthu amawonedwa:

Chisokonezo,
Kutopa konse.

Thupi likazolowera zinthu zina, gwero lake lamagetsi si chakudya chamafuta, koma mafuta osungika, omwe agawanika. Pambuyo pa izi, munthu amakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu komanso mphamvu, zomwe sizinawoneke pakudya zakudya zamafuta.

Ndi zakudya ketosis:

Thupi mulibe zinthu zotengera,
Munthu ayenera kudya mavitamini ndi michere yambiri.

Ndi bwino kudya zakudya zotsatirazi:

Mpunga
Zamasamba (zobiriwira),
Macaroni (mitundu yolimba),
Mbatata.

Mu shuga, ketosis imayamba chifukwa chosowa insulini. Chifukwa chosowa insulin, glucose yemwe amapezeka mthupi satha kuthyola ndikudzaza maselo. Kuti alipire kuchuluka kwa chakudya cham'mimba, kuphwanya kwa amino acid kumachitika, ndipo mafuta acids amasinthidwa kukhala matupi a ketone.

Matenda a shuga angayambike chifukwa chotsatira:

Pankhani ya kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komwe wodwala amapatsa zakudya.
Kuchepetsa mulingo woyenera wa kumwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga.
Zakudya zambiri zamafuta, zomwe zimalowa mosavuta m'thupi.
Kuchotsera zakudya kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zazing'ono zamagulu.
Khalani nthawi yayitali dzuwa.

Ndi zowawa za ketoacidosis mwa munthu zimachitika:

Kuthetsa madzi m'thupi
Kusokonekera kwamafuta
Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mchere.

Ndi kusweka kwamafuta, ma ketoni amapangidwa omwe amawonjezera acidity ya magazi.

Ketoacidosis imayamba chifukwa:

Kudumpha insulin
Mavuto azakudya
Kuledzera kwakukulu,
Mphamvu yosalamulirika,
Mankhwala osafunikira kwa adotolo kuti afotokozereni bwino ndi matendawa.

Matupi a Ketone, omwe amapangidwa kuchuluka kwambiri mthupi, amawononga thupi.

Zizindikiro za ketosis mwa anthu ndizofanana pang'ono ndi poyizoni ndipo zimafotokozedwa motere:

Kubweza
Kuchepetsa mseru
Chizungulire
Ululu m'mutu ndi m'mimba
Kuchepetsa kwambiri
Kugona
Sluggish state
Zochepa kukokana m'miyendo
Kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkamwa
Kutayika kotayidwa m'malo (pang'ono kapena kwathunthu).

Kuphatikiza pazizindikirozi, khungu la munthu limakhala louma kwambiri, ma acetone amawoneka mkodzo, womwe ungathe kutsimikizika pogwiritsa ntchito mayesero apadera ngati mawonekedwe a mikwingwirima.

Ngati munthu wonda kuchepa thupi awona molondola malangizo onse azakudya, ndiye kuti ketosis iyenera kuyamba patatha masiku ochepa mutayamba kudya zakudya zomwe dokotala amafunsa. Ndiwosavuta kudziyimira pawokha kutalika kwa ketosis - fungo labwino la acetone limachokera kwa munthu.

Chithandizo cha ketosis nthawi zina ndizovomerezeka, chifukwa ndi harbinger wa chitukuko cha ketoacidosis (matenda ashuga).

Munthawi zonse, izi ndizofunikira:

Kumwa madzi ambiri
Bwereranso ku zakudya zamafuta ochulukirapo
Kupumula kwathunthu.

M'mitundu yonse iwiri, mlingo wa insulin uyenera kuperekedwa. Ndi mawonekedwe osafotokozeredwa, nthawi zambiri chithandizo sichofunikira.

Pomwe mungayesere acetone mu mkodzo, werengani apa.

Ketosis yayikulu imawonekera m'mayendedwe odwala matenda ashuga omwe amapitilizabe matendawa.

Amayamba:

Pa nthawi yoyembekezera
Ndi chithandizo cha opaleshoni,
Ndi mulingo woyipa wa insulin.

Nthawi zina, anthu odwala matenda ashuga samva kuwonongeka mu thanzi. Mukamadutsa mayeso, pafupifupi zizindikiro zonse zidzawonjezedwa.

Kukula kwa ketosis yamtunduwu ndizotheka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso olimbitsa.

Zikuwuka:

Chifukwa cha kupatuka pang'ono kuchokera pakudya,
Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa insulin,
Kukhala nthawi yayitali padzuwa
Opaleshoni yamitsempha.
Mwa odwala matenda ashuga, amatha kuwoneka ngati chimfine.

Mkhalidwe wa ketosis pawokha siowopsa kwa thupi, koma zimatenga nthawi yochepa kuti ipite ku ketoacidosis. Ndi chifukwa cha izi pomwe Ducan (wolemba chakudya wotchuka) amakopa chidwi cha otsatira ake kuti ndizosavomerezeka kukhala mgulu la ketosis kwa nthawi yayitali.

Masiku ochepa mu boma lino akukwana. Amayenera kutha chizungulire, mseru, ndi kufooka zisanayambe m'thupi.

Chifukwa cha kudya kwanthawi yayitali, kuchepa kwa minofu kumachitika, pamenepa, chiwindi cha munthu chimayamba kuthyoka osati mafuta ochulukirapo, komanso mapuloteni omwe amapezeka m'thupi kuti apange kuchuluka kwakufunika kwa glucose. Ngati munthu wonenepa amatsatira zakudya zamapuloteni ndipo osachoka pazakudya zomwe zakonzedwazo, ndiye kuti palibe zotsatira zoyipa.

Ngati kuwongolera matupi a ketone sikunachitike, zotsatirazi zikuwoneka:

Katundu wofunika kwambiri pa impso.
Pali chiopsezo chamiyala yamiyendo chifukwa cha kuchotsa kwa calcium yambiri kwamkodzo.
Matendawa amatha.
Mwa anthu ambiri, cholesterol imadzuka kwambiri.
Kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa metabolic kumachitika.
Pakapita kanthawi, munthu akakhala kuti sanayembekezere izi, mkhalidwe wake umayamba kuwonongeka ndipo poyizoni wa thupi amapezeka.
Ndizowona chifukwa izi zimachitika pang'onopang'ono kuti ndikofunikira kuyesa kubwezeretsa moyenera mapuloteni komanso zakudya zamafuta m'thupi.

Malangizo oyambira chakudya cham'mimba

Mutha kudziwa kuyambika kwa ketosis ndi kununkhira kwa acetone, zikaonekeratu, muyenera kuyesanso kubwereza chakudya pang'ono.
Njira ya ketosis sayenera kukhala nthawi yayitali.
Musanayambe kadyedwe, muyenera kupita kukadwala kuti mupezeko zakudya zoyenera kwa wodwalayo.

Pofika kumayambiriro kwa gawo logawa mafuta osunthika amatha kutsimikiza ndi kupweteka kosalekeza m'mutu. Mphindi iyi ikhoza kuwonetsa kuyambira kwa njira yoyipa, chifukwa chomwe kuvulaza kwambiri mkhalidwe ndi thanzi la mtima ndi impso zimatha kuyambitsidwa.

Ngati mutakhala pachakudya, munthu sanakhale ndi zotsatirapo zoipa komanso thanzi silinakulire, ndiye kuti mutha kupitiliza kutsatira zakudya ndikusangalala ndikuchepetsa thupi.

Ngati mumvera akatswiri azakudya, mutha kunena kuti ndi zakudya zoyenera, zomwe zimafunikira kuti munthu achepetse thupi, kumayambiriro kwa ketosis, kuchepa thupi kumawoneka wachimwemwe, mphamvu komanso kupumula kosaneneka m'thupi.

Ngati munthu ali ndi ziwalo zamkati zathanzi komanso kagayidwe koyenera, ndiye kuti mphamvu zomwe amalandira kuchokera kumafuta osweka zidzakhala zokwanira kuti azigwira ntchito moyenera. Komanso, thupi limatha kulimbana ndi matupi a ketone popanda mavuto.

Kudya zakudya zamafuta ochepa ndi njira yabwino yochepetsera kunenepa. Pankhani ya matenda ashuga, munthu ali bwino osatenga zoopsa ndi zakudya zamtunduwu. Izi zikachitika, muyenera kuyang'anira shuga yanu yamagazi, kuyika kwa insulin kwakanthawi, komanso ndi mawonekedwe ochepa komanso athanzi, funsani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Kalinin A. P., Kotov S. V., Rudakova I. G. Matenda a mitsempha m'matenda a endocrine, Medical News Agency - M., 2011. - 488 p.
Dedov I.I., Shestakova M.V.Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa oopsa, Medical News Agency - M., 2012. - 346 c.
Olga Aleksandrovna Zhuravleva, Olga Anatolyevna Koshelskaya und Rostislav Sergeevich Karpov Wophatikiza mankhwala othandizira odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga: monograph. , LAP Lambert Academic Publishing - M., 2014 .-- 128 p.

Ndiloleni ndidziwitse. Dzina langa ndi Elena. Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito ya endocrinologist kwa zaka zoposa 10. Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakadali pano ndili katswiri pantchito yanga ndipo ndikufuna kuthandiza alendo onse omwe amapezeka patsamba lino kuti athetse zovuta koma osati ntchito. Zinthu zonse za tsambalo amazisonkhanitsa ndikuzikonza mosamala kuti athe kufotokoza zambiri zofunikira. Musanagwiritse ntchito zomwe zikufotokozedwa pa webusaitiyi, kufunsana ndi akatswiri ndizofunikira nthawi zonse.

Chithandizo ndi mitundu ya ketosis

M'masiku oyambirirawo, chithandizo chofunikira sichofunikira, ndipo madokotala amapatsa wodwalayo chakumwa chochuluka, kugona mokwanira komanso kudya mokwanira. Kupanda kutero, ndi kuwonjezereka kwakuthwa kwa acetone, muyenera kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu, chifukwa izi zitha kukhala zowopsa m'moyo.

Matenda a diabetesic ketoacidosis amayimiridwa ndi mitundu iwiri, awa:

kutchulidwa
osazindikira (episodic).

Odwala omwe ali ndi shuga wambiri kapena wowonjezera shuga, zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi izi:

kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso zakudya zopanda thanzi,
Kuchuluka kwa dzuwa
kutopa, kugwira ntchito kwambiri komanso kupsinjika,
kuvutitsidwa kwa zakudya zama carb ochepa ndi zakudya zamafuta,
Kuchepetsa Mlingo wa insulin.

Mavuto akuluakulu a matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la matendawa amatha kukhazikika pang'onopang'ono pakati pa kubereka, kusintha kwa maopaleshoni, kusintha kwa insulin, komanso kudziwitsidwa mochedwa kwa matenda a shuga.

Ubwana ketoacidosis

Matendawa ali ana amakula chifukwa chophwanya zakudya zoyenera, kudya kwambiri mafuta komanso kudya nthawi yayitali, komanso endocrine komanso matenda opatsirana. Zotsatira zake, kusanza kumawonedwa pakadutsa nthawi yofanana.

Mwana amadandaula za kupweteka kwambiri pamimba, ndipo ketosis imatha kupezeka ndi fungo lokhazikika la acetone kuchokera pamlomo wamkamwa. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuti mupereke mayeso a mkodzo kwa acetone ndikupereka mayeso.

Ketosis mu shuga ndi poizoni woledzera

Kukula kwa matendawa m'magayidwe a shuga kumayenderana ndi kusowa kwa insulin: glucose ndiwowonjezera, koma osamwetsa. Zotsatira zake, njira zopangira ketonic acid zimayambika m'chiwindi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhudza thanzi la wodwalayo.

Kupatula kusokonezeka kwina kwa metabolic, mlingo wa insulin uyenera kuperekedwa, womwe umapewa ketoacidotic chikomokere ndi kufa. Zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda a shuga zimaphatikizanso Mlingo wosakwanira wa insulin, womwe sugwirizana ndi kuopsa kwa matendawa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe atha ntchito.

Zomwe zimayambitsa ketosis yoledzera zimaphatikizanso kupanga matupi a ketone m'chiwindi chifukwa cha uchidakwa, kufa ndi njala nthawi yayitali, kusokonezeka kwa njira zotulutsira zinthu zoopsa chifukwa cha kusowa kwamadzi. Kuletsa zakumwa zoledzeretsa kumayambitsa kusanza ndi kupweteka m'mimba.

Kodi ketosis ndi chiyani mwa anthu?

Ketosis ndi njira yomwe imachitika mthupi kuti igwetse mafuta osunthika, chifukwa chake ambiri matupi a ketone amalowa m'magazi:

Izi zimayamba pakakhala kuchepa kwa zakudya zamagulu ndi michere zomwe amapanga.
Ndikusowa kwa glucose, mafuta amawonongeka, ndipo chiwindi chimayamba kutulutsa ma ketonic acid, omwe cholinga chake ndi kupanga mphamvu.

Zomwe zidzachitike mtsogolo zimangodalira kagayidwe ka munthu, ngati kali ndi vuto:

Poizoni wowopsa ungachitike,
Zotsatira zoyipa.

Zakudya za ketosis

Madokotala ambiri azakudya ali ndi malingaliro akuti njira yochepetsera thupi la ketogenic ili ndi zabwino zambiri kuposa zovuta.

Masabata angapo atatha kufa ndi njala mwa anthu amawonedwa:

Chisokonezo,
Kutopa konse.

Ndi zakudya ketosis:

Thupi mulibe zinthu zotengera,
Munthu ayenera kudya mavitamini ndi michere yambiri.

Ndi bwino kudya zakudya zotsatirazi:

Mpunga
Zamasamba (zobiriwira),
Macaroni (mitundu yolimba),
Mbatata.

Matenda a shuga

Mtsogolomo, munthu sangathe kupatsidwa insulin chifukwa chokhazikika.

Matenda a shuga angayambike chifukwa chotsatira:

Pankhani ya kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komwe wodwala amapatsa zakudya.
Kuchepetsa mulingo woyenera wa kumwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga.
Zakudya zambiri zamafuta, zomwe zimalowa mosavuta m'thupi.
Kuchotsera zakudya kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zazing'ono zamagulu.
Khalani nthawi yayitali dzuwa.

Mkhalidwe wowawa wa ketoacidosis

Ndi zowawa za ketoacidosis mwa munthu zimachitika:

Kuthetsa madzi m'thupi
Kusokonekera kwamafuta
Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mchere.

Ndi kusweka kwamafuta, ma ketoni amapangidwa omwe amawonjezera acidity ya magazi.

Ketoacidosis ndi matenda oopsa komanso otukuka msanga. Nthawi zina, maonekedwe a matenda oterewa, titha kuganiza kuti munthu ali ndi matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba.

Ketoacidosis imayamba chifukwa:

Kudumpha insulin
Mavuto azakudya
Kuledzera kwakukulu,
Mphamvu yosalamulirika,
Mankhwala osafunikira kwa adotolo kuti afotokozereni bwino ndi matendawa.

Immunology ndi biochemistry

Zakudya zamafuta ambiri, koma zoperewera m'makina, zimatchuka kwambiri ngati njira yochepetsera kunenepa komanso kukonza thanzi lathunthu. D iyi idalandira dzina la zakudya zamafuta (njanji), ketogenic kapena keto.

Mothandizidwa ndi zoletsa zowoletsa zamafuta (osapitirira 15-30 g kuchokera kumasamba), thupi limatembenuza mawonekedwe achilengedwe osinthira mphamvu zamafuta.

Mu chiwindi, njira ya kaphatikizidwe wa ma ketones kapena matupi a ketone imayendetsedwa, mulingo womwe m'magazi umakwera. Ndi ma ketoni omwe ali gawo lalikulu lamphamvu kwa minyewa yaubongo ndi minofu ya njanji.

Mkhalidwe wakuthupi machitidwe opatsidwa mphamvu ndi ma ketones amadziwika kuti ketosis (K).

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito njanji, kudziletsa ndikofunikira, kudziwa zizindikiro ndi chizindikiritso chakuti mphamvu ya thupi yasinthadi kuwotcha mafuta ngati mafuta amagetsi.

Mpweya woipa monga chizindikiro K

Kununkhira kwa zipatso ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro kwambiri za K, chowonetsera momwe thupi limakwaniritsira ketosis. Gwero la fungo ndi matupi a ketone omwe amasulidwa kudzera kupuma. Fungo limasowa patatha pafupifupi sabata limodzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito njanji.

Njira yothetsera: mafuta okoka (mafuta oyamwa) m'mawa, sambani mano anu kangapo patsiku, gwiritsani ntchito kutafuna chingamu tsiku lonse.

Ma ketoni m'mwazi - chizindikiro cha ketosis

Mlingo wa ma ketones m'magazi panthawi ya kuchepa kwachitsulo umachulukitsidwa chifukwa cha kaphatikizidwe kazachilengedwe m'chiwindi. Ketone yayikulu ndi beta-hydroxybutyric acid. Ma ketones amatsimikiziridwa mu dontho la magazi pogwiritsa ntchito kachipangizo kakang'ono (mkuyu. 1). Sign K - mulingo wa ma ketoni m'magawo osiyanasiyana a 1.0- 3.0 mmol. Mu mkuyu. Chida 1 chimawonetsera ketone ya 1.4 mmol.

Ma ketoni mumlengalenga wothinitsidwa ndi mkodzo - chizindikiro cha K

Mukamadutsa magazi, ma ketoni amatulutsidwa m'mpweya wotuluka. Ichi ndiye maziko a kutsimikiza kwa ma ketoni ogwiritsira ntchito kupumulira kwa Ketonix (mkuyu. 2).

Kukhalapo kwa ma ketones mumlengalenga watha ndi chizindikiro cha ketosis.

Ma ketoni am'magazi amasefa mu impso mu mkodzo ndipo samabwezeretseka. Kutsimikiza kwa ma ketoni mu mkodzo kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zoyeserera.

Mutha kulankhula za ketosis pamaso pa ma ketones mumkodzo. Njira yake si yolondola, koma yopezeka konse, yabwino ngati chitsogozo.

Kuchepa chilala ndi njala monga chizindikiro cha ketosis

Chizindikiro china kuti muli mumkhalidwe wa K ndikuchepetsa kwambiri kulakalaka, mwina chifukwa cha zochita za ma ketones paubongo. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwamafuta m'zakudya kumabweretsa kusinthika kwathunthu kwa kagayidwe kazachilengedwe komanso kusintha kwachilengedwe, kuwongolera kumverera kwanjala ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zikuwonetsa.

Zosintha pakuyenda muubongo

Zinapezeka kuti kugwiritsa ntchito njanji kumathandizira kusintha mphamvu kuchokera ku chakudya chamafuta kupita ku mafuta. Koma mafuta acids sagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ubongo. Nthawi zambiri mafuta ake amakhala ndi glucose. Ndi kuchepa kwa glucose, ma ketoni ndi gwero labwino kwambiri lamafuta muubongo.

Moyenerera, mikhalidwe ya njanji imakhala yosinthika kukumbukira, kuthekera kwina kwambiri. Tsoka ilo, njira yosinthira kagayidwe kuchokera ku chakudya chamafuta kupita ku mafuta imatha kutenga masiku angapo kapena masabata.

Kupitilira mu kuwonongeka mu ubongo ntchito ndi chizindikiro K.

Kutopa ngati chizindikiro cha ketosis

Chizindikiro chimodzi cha sabata loyambirira la njanji ndicho kutopa kapena kutopa kwambiri. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti munthu asiye njanji asanalowe mu ketosis yathunthu. Nthawi yolowa mu ketosis yathunthu payekhapayekha, ikhoza kukhala masiku 7-30. Kutopa, ulesi umagwirizana makamaka ndi kuchepa kwamadzi ndi ma elekitiroma, sodium ndi potaziyamu.

Mu njanji iliyonse yomwe yasintha kwambiri ma macronutrients (mafuta, mapuloteni, michere) mavuto ena amafunika, kuphatikizapo kufooka ndi kutopa.

Kuchepetsa kugwira ntchito konse

Kutsika kwa kudya kwa zakudya zamafuta kumatha kudzetsa kutopa kwambiri komanso kuchepa kwakukulu kwamachitidwe olimbitsa thupi.

Pakusintha kwa nyengo, izi ndichifukwa choti nkhokwe za glycogen zidatha, ndikusinthika kwa mphamvu zam'matumbo ku ma ketones sikukwaniritsidwa kwathunthu (mkuyu. 4). Muyenera kukhala oleza mtima.

Kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito akamagwiritsa ntchito njanji ndi chizindikiro cholowera mu ketosis.

Matenda am'mimba

Kugwiritsa ntchito njanji kumatha kupangitsa matenda otsegula m'mimba, kukomoka, kudzimbidwa. Koma ambiri mwa mavuto awa amakhala masiku. Komabe, muyenera kuwunikira kusintha kumeneku ndikusamala zakudya zomwe zitha kukulitsa zizindikilo za kugaya chakudya ndi ketosis.

Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi masamba obiriwira ambiri, ochepa-carb muzakudya zanu zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber ndi madzi ambiri kuti zikuthandizeni kugaya bwino pansi pa ketosis.

Kusowa tulo

Chizindikiro china kuti muli mumtundu wa ketosis ndikusokonezeka kwa tulo. Ndipo izi zimatha kukhala vuto lalikulu kwa anthu ambiri kuyambira ketogenic D. Koma atasinthira D, ambiri amagona bwino kuposa kale, njanji isanachitike. Kusowa tulo kumawonekera koyambirira kwa ketosis ndikuyenda bwino kapena kuwonongeka mu masabata angapo.

Minofu kukokana ndi ketosis

Mwa anthu ena, kukokana kwa minofu m'miyendo kumatha kuwonekera panjanji.Mwendo kukokana ngati chizindikiro cha ketosis kumawonetsa kuchepa kwa masitolo a glycogen ndi gawo lamadzi (molekyulu imodzi ya glycogen imamanga mamolekyulu 5 amadzi). Glycogen ndi mtundu wina wosungirako shuga m'magulu amtundu wa anthu.

Kuchepetsa thupi mwachangu m'masiku oyambirira a njanji chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito masitolo a glycogen ngati gwero lamphamvu. Kutayika kwa madzi kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa ma electrolyte, monga sodium, potaziyamu, magnesium, komwe ndikofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa minofu. Minofu kukokana ndikuwonetsa kuchepa kwa electrolyte mu ketosis.

Thandizo: rehydron, aspartame.

Ketosis yaumunthu

Makamaka pazomwe ketoacidosis ndi ketosis ayenera kusiyanitsidwa. Ketosis, mwa anthu komanso nyama, imatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusakwanira kwa chakudya chamafuta mthupi komanso m'malo mwake ndimapuloteni oyambira nyama.

Masiku ano, nthawi zambiri mchitidwewu umayamba chifukwa choti wodwalayo amawona zakudya zinazake, zomwe cholinga chake ndikuwononga mafuta omwe asungidwa mpaka okwanira. Njira yoyaka yamafuta yopanda mafuta ilibe chogwiritsa ntchito ndipo siwopseza moyo.

Ndi kuchepa kwakanema kapena kutsika kwa shuga, komwe ndi mtundu wovuta wa chakudya chochepa kwambiri, matupi a ketone amawoneka komanso mkhalidwe wonga wa ketosis. Iyi ndi njira yolipirira yomwe imapatsa thupi mphamvu.

M'malingaliro a anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, mawu akuti ketone matupi, ketosis, ketoacidosis amatanthauza zomwezi. Amabzala mantha ndipo amadziwika kuti ali ndi vuto lalikulu - matenda a shuga.

Koma ndikuyenera kukutsimikizirani ndikuti ketosis ndi ketoacidosis sizofanana. Ndipo tsopano ndikuthamangitsa nthano kuti matupi a ketone pa NUP ndi oyipa komanso owopsa, komanso m'malo ena ngati mankhwalawa samawonedwa.

Kuyang'ana kutsogolo, ndinena kuti ketoacidosis ndi njira ya 100% yamatenda ndipo imafunikira kuti madokotala azilowa. Muwerenga za momwe ziriri pansipa, koma ndikukulimbikitsani kuti musalumphe zambiri izi kuti musataye tanthauzo.

Poyamba, ndikukuuzani za matupi a ketone ndi momwe amapangidwira. Pansi pa mawu akuti "matupi a ketone" pali zinthu zitatu zamitundu mitundu:

acetoacetic acid (acetoacetate)
beta-aminobutyric acid (hydroxybutyrate)
acetone

Njira yopanga zinthuzi imatchedwa ketogeneis. Ndipo ketogenesis kwa thupi ndimapangidwe athupi lathunthu, ndiye kuti, amachitika mwa anthu athanzi munthawi zina.

Ichi ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri mu metabolism. Chifukwa cha njirayi, mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya zimasinthika mosinthika, gawo lapansi limawotchedwa ndi kutentha kuti lisungike kutentha kwamthupi kwanthawi zonse ndikusunga mphamvu mu mawonekedwe a mamolekyulu a ATP.

Kachulukidwe kakang'ono kamapangidwa m'thupi la munthu ndipo kamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi machitidwe oteteza chiwindi. Achilengedwe ofunika kwambiri a keto ndi hydroxybutyrate, omwe amapangidwa kuchokera mamolekyulu awiri a acetoacetate.

Mu thupi la munthu, zotsatirazi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mphamvu yamafuta:

Zakudya zomanga thupi zomwe zimasungidwa ngati glycogen mu chiwindi ndi minofu
Adipose minofu (mafuta ozungulira ndi mafuta ozungulira ziwalo zamkati)
Mapuloteni omwe amapanga minofu ndi ziwalo zina.

Zakudya zomanga thupi

Glycogen amaphatikizidwa mwapadera shuga. Milandu yakusowa kwambiri kwa glucose, imayamba kugawika m'magulu amodzi a glucose omwe amalowa m'magazi ndipo amawagawa thupi lonse.

Njirayi imatchedwa glycogenolysis ndipo imachitika mchikakamizo cha mphamvu ya mahomoni olimbana (glucagon, cortisol, mahomoni okula, ndi zina zambiri).

Glycogen amatha kukhalanso ndi shuga kwa nthawi yayifupi kwambiri, chifukwa kuchuluka kwake kumangokhala 500-700 g.

Ngati titanthauzira mu mphamvu zofanana, ndiye kuti ndi 3,000-3,000 kcal. Ndiye kuti, zofunika tsiku ndi tsiku. Masheya amathetsa tsiku lachiwiri la njala. Komabe, sizonse zomwe zimadyedwa, zina zimakhalabe m'chiwindi ndi minofu, ndipo mulimonsemo, thupi lidzadzaza izi posungira koyamba.Chifukwa chake, kuyembekeza masitolo a glycogen panthawi yanjala sikuyenera.

Kodi mukuganiza kuti ndani ali ndi mphamvu zambiri? Kodi mafuta kapena mapuloteni?

M'malo mwake, m'mapuloteni, chifukwa munthu wamba amakhala ndi pafupifupi 35-40 kg ya minofu, yomwe ndi wofanana ndi 14-16,000 kcal. Chifukwa chake, thupi limakhala ndi kanthu kena kokugaya.

Koma kuchokera pakuwona kutalika kwachilengedwe, thupi limayesetsa kusunga mapuloteni. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri ndipo nthawi zina zimasowa, makamaka ngati munthu alandila mapuloteni osakwanira ndi chakudya. Ndipo ndimawona izi nthawi zambiri.

Mapuloteni m'thupi mwathu amagwira ntchito ya pulasitiki (yomanga) mu malamulo a mahomoni.

Zotsatira zake, njira yoyenera kwambiri yosungirako mphamvu panjala ndiyo njira ya lipogenesis kapena kungoyika mafuta m'madontho amafuta, ndipo ngati kuli kosavuta, kuyika mafuta kumbali, pamimba ndi malo ena osafunikira.

Munthu wamba wopanda kunenepa kwambiri ali ndi 15-18 kg yamafuta, omwe amafanana 13-16 zikwi kcal. Pafupifupi mapuloteni ambiri. Mosiyana ndi minofu, minofu ya adipose imafuna chisamaliro chochepa komanso chisamaliro, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti simukuyenera kuwononga ndalama zambiri pomanga ndi mphamvu pazoyikonza.

Chifukwa chake, pokhala tili ndi zinthu zambiri, thupi lathu limayesetsa kusungira tsiku lamvula.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimapezeka mosavuta komanso kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kayendedwe ka nyumba poyerekeza ndi zaka zana zapitazo, anthu ambiri achikulire ndi ana ayamba kale kunenepa.

Chifukwa kuwonjezera pa ntchito yamafuta, mafuta ali ndi maudindo ena. Amakhala ndi kaphatikizidwe ndi kagayidwe kazinthu zamathupi ndi zinthu zogwira ntchito, kupanga ndi kusunga kutentha, kutsika kwa ziwalo zamkati, kupatsa kutanuka kwa minofu yofewa, etc.

Thupi limakhala ndi chifukwa chabwino chokasamalira kuti lisunge mafuta.

Mankhwala amafunanso ndalama kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Pali mankhwala anzeru amakono aku Europe, koma samangokhala chete. Izi ndi.

Chithandizo ndi matenda a matenda ashuga

Mitundu yofatsa, chithandizo cha ketosis sichofunikira, ndipo izi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa anthu ndi nyama.Kofunika ndikobwezeretsa thanzi labwino, kumwa kwambiri ndikupuma.

Koma ngati pali zizindikiro zowoneka bwino za acetone (zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa), muyenera kupita kwa dokotala yemwe akupatseni chithandizo choyenera, popeza mkhalidwewu ndiwowopsa m'moyo wa wodwalayo. Mutha kuwona acetone mkodzo, komanso acetone, ngati fungo lochokera mkamwa.

Njira ya odwala matenda ashuga ndiwodziwika kwambiri pamitundu yodwala yomwe imadalira matenda a shuga, makamaka muubwana ndi unyamata. Koma ketosis imatha kupangidwanso ndi insulin-yokhazikika yokhazikika ya shuga, ngati zovuta zomwe zimatsagana ndi ketogenesis zimathandizika.

Mwa matenda a shuga a shuga, pali:

Ketosis inafotokozedwa.
Ketosis imasinthidwa, nthawi zina yopepuka episodic.

Ketosis yofatsa imatha kudwala mwa odwala omwe ali ndi shuga othokomoka. Amatha kumuyimbira:

zazikulu, koma nthawi zina zolakwika ndi zakudya,
kuphwanya zakudya ndi njala kapena kuzunza mafuta a nyama ndi chakudya chamafuta,
kuchepetsedwa mosavomerezeka kwa Mlingo wa insulin kapena mankhwala ena omwe amachepetsa shuga,
mavuto
kuwala kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mwa odwala ena, kugwiritsa ntchito ma biguanides amathanso kukhala limodzi ndi chitukuko cha dziko la ketotic.

Mawonetseredwe azachipatala mwa odwala omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana a ketosis amadziwika ndi kufatsa kwamatenda a shuga. Ndi thanzi labwino kwambiri la wodwalayo, kuyesa kwa labotale kungavumbulutse ketonuria.

Maphunziro a biochemical amatha kuwonetsa kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa shuga m'magazi ndi mkodzo, zomwe zimasiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa glycemia ndi glucosuria komwe kumakhala kofala kwa wodwalayo.

Mwa odwala ena, ketonuria ndi episodic.Izi zimawonetsedwa padera mkodzo mkati mwa glycemia wokwanira ndi glycosuria. Mu episodic ketonuria, kuchuluka kwachilengedwe kwamatumbo a ketone m'magazi amafotokozedwa ndi nthawi yayifupi ya ketonuria, yomwe sikujambulidwa nthawi zonse.

Setificosis yayikulu ndi chizindikiro chakuti wodwalayo wawononga shuga. Nthawi zambiri, imayamba ndi mtundu wovuta kwambiri wa matenda ashuga kumbuyo:

mimba
matenda oyamba nawo
Mlingo wosasintha komanso wolakwika wa insulin,
othandizira opaleshoni
ndi mochedwa matenda a matenda oopsa a shuga.

Chithunzi cha chipatala chimawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiritso za matenda. Zolemba zamanjidwe amtundu wa ketosis zotchulidwa motere:

Zizindikiro za glycemia ndi glycosuria wodwala ndizambiri kuposa masiku onse (komabe, matendawa amatha kukhala okhutira, monga mawonekedwe a ketosis, makamaka azimayi panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati),
Zizindikiro za acid-base state, zomwe zili zamagetsi amagetsi pamagetsi wamba,
mulingo wa matupi a ketone m'magazi umachulukira, koma nthawi zambiri osapitirira 0,55 mmol / l, ma ketoni mumkodzo amachulukanso,
ketonuria yotchulidwa imayang'aniridwa, yomwe imakhala kwa tsiku limodzi kapena kuposerapo (kuchokera pakuchita bwino kwamkodzo kupita ku acetone kupita kolimba kwambiri)

Kuchokera pamalingaliro azinthu zamatenda, matenda ashuga ketoacidosis amadziwika ndi chiwonetsero chazovuta za metabolic zomwe zimakhala ndi ketosis, koma zimatchulidwa kwambiri. Monga lamulo:

ketonuria yayikulu,
glycosuria woposa 40-50 g / l,
glycemia pamwamba 15-16 mmol / l,
ketonemia - 5-7 mmol / l ndi kukwera.

Mulingo wa acid-base ndi electrolyte pakadali pano sakusokoneza kwambiri komanso chikufanana ndi chithunzi cha kubwezeretsedwa kwa matendawa. Ketoacidosis imatha kutsagana ndi kuchepa kwamadzi yambiri komanso kukhala ndi kuchepa mphamvu kwa madzi m'thupi, komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi mitundu yambiri yamatenda.

Ketosis ndi chiyani?

Ketosis - ndi chiyani?

Kusowa kwenikweni kwa shuga kumayambitsa njira monga ketosis. Uku ndikuphwanya mafuta omwe adadzisunga kale. Mchitidwewu umayambitsidwa chifukwa chopanga ketonic acid ndi chiwindi.

Kupitanso patsogolo kwa matendawa kumatengera kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe ka munthu aliyense payekha.

Kusokonezeka kulikonse kwa metabolic, kukhalapo kwa matenda omwe amathandizira kutsegula kwa ketosis, makamaka matenda a shuga, kungayambitse kuwopsa kwa thupi. Pali nthawi zina pomwe ketoacidosis mu matenda a shuga amatha akamwalira. Koma tidzakambirana zambiri za izi pambuyo pake.

Ketosis ndi chikhalidwe chodziwika ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

kufooka wamba
nseru
kumakhala wokhazikika
pafupipafupi, pokodza pokodza.

Ketosis mwa anthu - ndi chiyani? Poyerekeza ndi zomwe zidachitika pamwambapa, kusowa kwamadzi kumatha. Kenako pamabwera vuto la ludzu lalikulu. Ndi zovuta za ketosis, fungo la acetone limachitika pakupuma komanso pokodza. Pakakhala zolephera zazikulu za metabolic, mpweya wopumira umasokonezeka. Munthu nthawi zambiri amapumira mkati ndipo phokoso limatulutsa mpweya m'mapapu.

Kodi ketosis imatha kuchitidwa mwadala?

Chifukwa chake tidazindikira kuti ketosis mwa anthu ndi momwe ilili. Kodi zinthu zoterezi zimayamba bwanji? Mutha kuyitcha mwadala mwakukhala pakudya chamafuta ochepa.

Cholinga chachikulu cha mapulogalamu azakudya izi ndi kuchepa thupi panthawi yochepa kwambiri. Makina azakudya za chikhalidwe choperekedwa chikufunika kwambiri pakati pa anthu otchuka, anthu omwe amafunika kupita pagulu mwanzeru.

Zakudya za Ketose zimapangidwanso ndi omanga thupi kuti achepetse mafuta amthupi posachedwa zisanachitike.

Ketoacidosis mu shuga

Kuti athe kulipira chakudya cham'mimba, thupi limayamba ntchito yogawa ma amino acid mothandizidwa ndi ma enzyme omwe amapangidwa m'chiwindi. Kusintha kwa mafuta acids kukhala matupi amtundu wa ketone kumayamba. Pambuyo pake, chifukwa cha zovuta za metabolic, munthu amafunikira insulin pafupipafupi.

Kupanda kutero, kutsika kwathunthu kwa thupi kumachitika - ketoacidosis. Itha kutha ndi chikomokere, ndipo pambuyo pake kumwalira kwa wodwala wodwala matenda ashuga.

Ketosis ndi ketoacidosis mu matenda ashuga angayambire:

kupanga zolakwika pakusamalira zakudya zomwe wodwala amadya,
njala kapena kuvutitsidwa kwa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chamafuta ambiri,
kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a insulin ofunikira, mankhwala ena omwe amachepetsa shuga la magazi,
kutalika kwa nthawi yayitali dzuwa.

Ketosis ndi kuledzera

Khosi la ketosis limatha kukhazikika pakamwa pa kumwa kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, njirazi zitha kuyambitsidwa pazifukwa zingapo:

zolakwika za chiwindi mothandizidwa ndi mowa, zomwe zimafotokozedwa mu kuphatikizika kwa matupi a ketone,
pang'ono pang'ono kapena njala yonse panthawi yakumwa kwambiri.
kusakwanira kuchotsa kwa matupi a ketone kuchokera mthupi chifukwa chakutha kwa madzi.

Ketosis mu ng'ombe

Zomwe zimaperekedwa zimatha kukhazikika osati mwa anthu, komanso nyama, makamaka ng'ombe. Matendawa amachititsa kuchepa kwa zokolola za mkaka ndi 10-15%, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti alimi azitha.

Kupita patsogolo kwa matenda a pathological mu thupi la ng'ombe kumabweretsa kutsika kwa nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera ndi chiweto.

Nthawi zina, zotsatira za kakulidwe ka ketosis ndikumwalira kwakanthawi kwa ng'ombe, kusokonezeka mu hoteloyo, chifukwa chake, kufunafuna ng'ombe zamkaka zophikira nyama.

Ketosis mu ng'ombe imatha kukhazikitsidwa motsutsana ndi:

kudya kwambiri nyama yodyetsedwa ndi chakudya chopanda msipu ndi mbewu zatsopano mu chakudya,
Kufewetsa ng'ombe ndi chakudya chama protein panthawi yoyamwa,
kudyetsa ziweto zamagulu abwinobwino, momwe mumapezeka kuchuluka kwa ma butyric acid.

Ketosis ndi mkhalidwe womwe kuchotsedwa sikufuna chithandizo chamankhwala kuchipatala. Kuti mubwezeretse thupi kukhala labwino, muyenera kubwezeretsa thanzi labwino.

Munthu amafunikanso chakumwa chochuluka komanso kupumula kwabwino. Nthawi yomweyo, zizindikiro za mkhalidwe zikawoneka mwa anthu omwe amadalira insulin, wotsirizayo ayenera kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Zowonadi, pamenepa, kukula kwa ketoacidosis kungakhale pachiwopsezo cha moyo.

Pomaliza

M'malo mwake, ketosis siopseza moyo.Zotsatira zoyipa pa thanzi zimatha kupangidwa kokha mwa kupangika kwambiri kwa matupi a ketone, omwe amakhala ndi mankhwala acetone.

Ndi kudziunjikira kwawo kofunikira mthupi, ketoacidosis imatha kuchitika - kulephera kwa kagayidwe kachakudya, mawonekedwe owopsa omwe amatha kupha.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukhala atcheru ndikudziwa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zakudya za ketone.

Kodi ketosis ndi keto zakudya ndizabwino?

Zakudya za ketogenic ndi ketosis ndizotetezeka. Osangokhala otetezeka, komanso othandizanso kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Zakudya za ketogenic zathandiza odwala khansa, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga (mtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2), azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda a ovary polycystic, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima, ndi zina zambiri.

Ndiye, kodi mphekesera zimachokera kuti kuti zakudya za ketogenic ndi ketosis sizitha kukhala zotetezeka? Chabwino, zonse zimayamba ndi ma ketones.

Chimodzi mwa zolinga zikuluzikulu za zakudya za ketogenic ndikubweretsa ketosis (njira yachilengedwe ya kagayidwe kachakudya kamapangidwe kamafuta amafuta). Kwenikweni, ketosis imayendetsedwa ndi chiwindi, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga ma ketoni okwanira kukwaniritsa zosowa za thupi.

Komabe, pamene insulin sikokwanira mthupi, kupanga kwa ketone kumatha mphamvu, kumabweretsa ketoacidosis. Ichi mwina chikhala mphekesera zabodza zoti keto ndi ketosis siotetezeka.

Ketoacidosis ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe silimayambitsidwa ndi kadyedwe ketogenic.

Ketoacidosis ndi matenda oopsa omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amakhala osagwirizana. Izi ndichifukwa choti munthu amabadwa wopanda mphamvu yotulutsa insulin yokwanira (mtundu 1 wa matenda ashuga) kapena ali ndi moyo womwe umathandizira kukana insulin (mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga).

M'magawo onsewa, kusowa kwa insulin chizindikiro kumapangitsa kuti maselo am'mafuta ndi ma cell a chiwindi ayambe kusala kudya ngakhale atadya kwambiri.

Maselo amafuta amayamba kutulutsa ma triglycerides m'magazi kuti apatsenso maselo ena mphamvu, chifukwa maselo amazindikira momwe zinthu zimakhalira kuti thupi limasowa mafuta. Pakadali pano, chiwindi chimayambitsa kusinthanitsa glycogen, ndikugwiritsa ntchito gluconeogeneis ndi ketogeneis kupatsa thupi shuga ndi ma ketoni omwe samafunikira.

Zonsezi zimabweretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mpaka kufika poyipa, pomwe kusowa kwa ma insulin kumalola ma ketoni kudzikundikira m'magazi. Shuga owonjezera ndi ma ketoni ayamba kuchotsa madzi mu minofu komanso m'thupi mkodzo.

Pokhala ndi madzi ochepa m'mwazi, kuchuluka kwa ma ketones kumapangitsa magazi kukhala acidic kotero kuti thupi limalowa mu gawo lotchedwa metabolic acidosis. Mwanjira ina, magazi amakhala acidic kotero kuti thupi limatha kugwira ntchito moyenera.

Umboni woyamba wa ketoacidosis ndi zizindikiro izi:

Kubweza
Kupweteka kwam'mimba
Kuthetsa madzi m'thupi
Kugona
Magazi a shuga ochulukirapo a 250 mg / dl
Kupsinjika kwa magazi kochepera 90/60
Kugunda kwa mtima kupitirira 100 kumenyedwa pamphindi

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge kalozera wathu wathunthu wa ketoacidosis.

Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti ketoacidosis imatha kupewedwa.

Kutsatira zakudya za ketogenic, mtundu 1 ndi mitundu yachiwiri ya odwala matenda ashuga akhoza kukhala ndi shuga komanso magazi ambiri, ndipo amatha kupeza phindu la ketosis (bola atha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa insulin). M'malo mwake, zakudya za ketogenic zathandizanso anthu ambiri kusiya kumwa mankhwala awo onse a shuga.

Ndipo si zonse. Pali nkhani yabwino kwa omwe alibe matenda ashuga.

Ngati simuli pakati pa anthu 422 miliyoni omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, simudzakhala ndi ketoacidosis. Muyenera kugwiririra thupi kwa zaka zambiri ndikupanikizika, kukhala phee, komanso zakudya zopanda thanzi musanafike ketoacidosis. (Pofika pamenepo, mukupezeka kuti mwapezeka ndi matenda a shuga a 2.)

Fungo la Keto ndiye funso lalikulu pachitetezo cha keto

Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe mungakhale nazo thupi lanu likazolowera kudya ketogenic zimadziwika kuti ndi keto chimfine chifukwa amafanana ndi chizindikiro cha chimfine.

Zizindikiro zake zimatha kukhala monga:

Mutu
Kutopa
Ziphuphu zaubongo
Njala
Maloto oyipa
Kuchepetsa mseru
Mavuto a chimbudzi
Kuchepa kwakuthupi
Mpweya woipa
Mwendo kukokana
Kuchuluka kwa mtima

Zizindikirozi ndi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha zomwe thupi lanu limachita poletsa chakudya. Mukamadya ketogenic, kuchuluka kwa insulin ndi glycogen kumatsika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azitaya msanga komanso asafe.

Zotsatira zomwe zimayambika chifukwa cha kuphulika kumeneku ndiye zotsatira zoyambira kwambiri za ketopsin, koma sizowopsa kuposa kusowa kwamadzi tsiku lililonse.

Ubwino wa Keto, Ketone, ndi Ketosis

Zakudya za ketogenic zimakhudza thupi ndi ma cell. Kuphatikiza kwa kuletsa kwa chakudya ndi kupanga kwa ketone pa zakudya za ketogenic:

Kutsitsa insulin
Amayeretsa maselo
Kuchulukitsa kupanga mitochondrial ndikuchita bwino
Amachepetsa kutupa
Amawotcha mafuta

Zotsatira zingapo izi zimapereka zabwino zambiri kwa anthu osiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana azaumoyo. Pakadali pano, maphunziro a asayansi amatipatsa umboni kuti zakudya za ketogenic zitha kuthandiza kusintha kapena kuchepetsa zovuta za matenda monga:

Ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe matenda ena aliwonse, zakudya za ketogenic zimatha kukupindulitsani. Ena mwa maubwino omwe anthu ambiri amapeza ndi awa:

Kukonzanso kwa ubongo
Kuchepetsa kutupa
Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu
Kupanga bwino kwa thupi

Zakudya za Keto

Kutchulidwa kwa zakudya za Keto kumatha kupezeka pa intaneti. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nkoyenera kuganizira mwatsatanetsatane kuti kodi mfundo za chakudya izi ndizotani, momwe zimathandizira komanso zomwe zili.

Maziko a chakudyachi ndi kusapezeka kwathunthu kwa zakudya m'zakudya, pomwe kulipirira kusowa kwa chakudya chamagulu, kudya mapuloteni ndi mafuta kumachulukitsidwa kwambiri.Kodi dzina loti "keto" limachokera kuti?Chilichonse ndichopepuka apa - chifukwa chosowa chakudya chamagulu ambiri komanso kudya mafuta, thupi limayamba kutulutsa ma ketones.

Thupi limagwiritsa ntchito matupi a ketone (ma ketones) ngati mafuta a ziwalo zofunika - ubongo ndi dongosolo lamanjenje Ngati tilingalira zinthu zitatu zazikuluzikulu m'thupi lathu, zimagwira ntchito zotsatirazi: 1) Mapuloteni - zida zomangira thupi.

2) Mafuta - thupi lathu limakhala pamalo otetezedwa 3) Zakudya zomanga thupi ndi mafuta m'thupi, zimapereka mphamvu kuchokera kwa iwo. Zachidziwikire aliyense amadziwa kuti mphamvu yoyamba imabwera m'thupi lathu kuchokera ku chakudya, ndipo mapuloteni ndi mafuta ndi magwero ena.

Ndi chifukwa ichi anthu ambiri amakonda maswiti kwambiri, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kukana. Ngati thupi lili ndi mafuta ochulukirapo, chakudya cha glycogen chimatha kutha msanga, ndipo thupi limakakamizidwa kuti lizipeza mphamvu kuchokera kumagwero amkati, omwe ndi mafuta ndi mapuloteni.

Ndipo ngati izi sizili zoyipa kwambiri mthupi lathu, ndiye kuti kwamanjenje ndi ubongo, zomwe zimangofunika glucose, kuyambiranso ntchito ndikofunikira. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ubongo sungapatsidwe mwachindunji mphamvu chifukwa cha mafuta acids.

Mwambiri, pali magwero awiri olimbitsa bongo:

· Glucose (monga momwe tawonera kale - gwero lamphamvu lamagetsi, chakudya chamagulu azakudya) · Ketones (mphamvu yomwe imachokera m'mafuta ngati thupi lilibe chakudya) Njira yomwe mphamvu yopanga mafuta imatchedwa ketosis. Ndi chifukwa cha njirayi kuti ubongo umayamba kugwiritsa ntchito ma ketoni m'malo mwa glucose, kulandira mphamvu kuchokera kwa iwo.Zakudya zamafuta zikafika m'thupi lathu pakudya, zimapatsidwa shuga (kuti mugwiritse ntchito mwachangu komanso mosavuta) ndipo glycogen imakhala ndi glucose yogwiritsira ntchito pang'onopang'ono. Ziwalo zazikuluzikulu zomwe m'matumbo a glycogen amadziunjikira chiwindi ndi minofu. Koma ngati sichikonzedwanso, ndiye kuti m'masiku ochepa chimatha. Thupi lathu limakhudzana ndipo limayesa kutengera zomwezi, chifukwa chake limapangidwanso kuti likhale ndi mphamvu ina. Njirayi, pafupifupi, imatha pafupifupi sabata, pambuyo pake thupi lanu limatentha kale, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ngati mphamvu.

Kodi ndizotheka kuthetsa kwathunthu chakudya chamagulu azakudya panthawi ya chakudya?

Izi zili ndi zabwino komanso zopweteka. Mwa zabwino, titha kudziwa kuti, kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amalowa m'thupi ndi ochepa, thupi limagwiritsa ntchito glycogen mwachangu kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti thupi lidzasintha msanga kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kuchokera pamafuta.

Chinsinsi cha unyolo uwu ndi insulin - chothandizira champhamvu kwambiri pakupanga insulin ndi chakudya chamagulu, tikamawamwa pang'ono, insulini yochepa imamasulidwa, chifukwa ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin komwe kumatseketsa omwe amatchedwa lipolysis, ndiye kuti, kuwonongeka kwa mafuta.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati chakudya chamafuta chikutha kulowa mthupi, izi zimapangitsa kuti ma lipolysis omwewo omwe timawafuna kwambiri.

Mwa mphindi, titha kuzindikira chachikulu komanso, chokhacho - kusowa kwa CHIKWANGWANI, komwe kumapangitsa kuti magwiridwe amtundu wonse azigwira bwino.

Zakudya zomwe zili ndi malire kapena zoletsa za chakudya chambiri.

Nthawi zambiri anthu amasokoneza mitundu iwiriyi yazakudya ndipo ndikofunikira kudziwa mwatsatanetsatane kusiyana kwake.

Zakudya, ngakhale zili ndi zakudya zochepa zamafuta, sizipangitsa kuti ketosis, yomwe tanena kale kuti isamangenso thupi ipangitse mphamvu zamafuta.

Kudya kokhala ndi zoletsa zonse kumatanthauza kudya pang'ono mthupi kapena ziro kwathunthu, ndipo izi zitha kuloleza kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ngati gwero lamphamvu.

Mitundu iti ya zakudya za keto?

- pafupipafupi (amatanthauza kusakhalapo kwa chakudya chamagulu m'zakudya kwakanthawi) - mphamvu (zopatsa mphamvu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha yophunzitsidwa mphamvu kuti izitha kugwira bwino ntchito. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa chakudya cham'magazi kuyenera kusankhidwa moyenera, kutengera nthawi yomwe mumamwa) - cyclic (nthawi pa sabata mumadzipatsa nokha chakudya, kupatsa mphamvu kagayidwe kake ndikusunga minofu yambiri

Njira yosinthira thupi ndi ketosis.

Kuti mumvetsetse mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zakudya zomwe zimapangidwa pakudya keto, muyenera kuphunzira momwe thupi limasinthira ndi ketosis.

1. Pambuyo maola 8 atatha kudya zakudya zamagulu, amagwiritsanso ntchito shuga, koma kuyambira maola 10, amagwiritsa ntchito glycogen kale m'malo osungirako chiwindi. Pakatha masiku awiri, kuperekera kwa glycogen mu minofu kumatha, ndipo kutha kwa chiwindi, njira yogwiritsira ntchito mafuta imayamba. Pakatha sabata, pakakhala kuti palibe chakudya chamafuta, thupi limagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ndi glucose, omwe amapezeka ndi mapuloteni. Nthawi imeneyi ndi pomwe thupi limasiya kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ndikusintha kuti lipange protein ngati gwero lalikulu lamphamvu. Kuyambira kuyambira masiku 5-7 pambuyo gawo lachitatu, gawo lachinayi liyamba, momwe ketosis yakuya imachitikira. Gawoli limachitika popanda kupezeka kwa mafuta m'thupi nthawi yonseyi. Mphamvu yayikulu ndi mafuta, ndipo thupi limagwirizana ndi kusapezeka kwa chakudya. Kutengera magawo anayi awa, titha kunena kuti pokhapokha zimatenga nthawi yayitali komanso nthawi yayitali kusakhalapo kwa thupi la othamanga, kutenthedwa kwa mafuta. Ngakhale kudya michere yaying'ono kungakhudze thupi ndi "kukoka" kunja kwa ketosis. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kukumbukira izi, kutchera khutu ku mawonekedwe a mphamvu ya zakudya za keto.Ngati kuchuluka kwa mafuta ochulukirapo ngakhale pang'ono kuposa momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito zolimbitsa thupi imodzi, kuyimitsa ketosis ndipo kuyesayesa konse kumatsikira pansi. Zomwe ena opanga ma bodybuild omwe akunena kuti akamamwa ma protein asanaphunzitsidwe, amamva bwino ndikutaya minofu yawo, ndikofunika kuganizira mofatsa, ngati tikulankhula za zakudya za keto. Ngati muli ndi zakudya zamtundu wina wa cyclic, muyenera kumaliza kupereka kwa glycogen pakati pa sabata, ndipo itatha, dzipatseni tsiku limodzi lopuma, mukudya mafuta. Mwa izi, mumabweza thupi kuchokera ku ketosis kukhala munthawi yake, ndikulimbikitsa kagayidwe. Kuti mukhale osamala kwambiri, pali njira yolimbikitsira yopanga ma enzymes ena ndi mahomoni a adipose minofu, yomwe ndi leptin, yomwe imangofunikira pakuwotcha mafuta. Chiwembu chonsechi chitha kugwira ntchito pokhapokha mukafika ku ketosis, mudasunga thupi mgawo kwa masiku osachepera. Izi ndichifukwa choti mumagawo am'mbuyo ndizosavuta kukwaniritsa ketosis ndikugwiritsa ntchito malo ogulitsira a glycogen, chifukwa poyamba mudayamba kudya pomwe mulingo wake unali wokwera kwambiri. Ndiye kuti, mumayamba kulumikizana ndi cyclic scheme pokhapokha ketosis itakwaniritsidwa kale, chifukwa chake mwina zingatenge sabata limodzi kuti zitheke dziko lino.

Zomwe amapangira zakudya za keto.

Monga momwe tazindikira kale, chakudyachi chimatengera mafuta komanso mapuloteni. Zakudya zamagalimoto owonjezera thupi siziphatikizidwa kwathunthu (kupatula magalamu 20-50 a ndiwo zamasamba obiriwira patsiku). Kuwerengera kwa zopatsa mphamvu patsiku - magawo awiri mwa magawo atatu a mafuta ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mapuloteni. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti 1 gramu yamafuta imakhala ndi 9 kcal, komanso gramu ya protein - 4 kcal.

Fungo la acetone - momwe angachitire?

Zizindikiro zazikulu za ketosis:

- kununkhira kwa mkodzo ndi thupi - kusowa kwa njala - kusintha kwa thupi mthupi Chizindikiro chachikulu ndi kununkhira komwe kumachokera m'thupi, mkamwa ndi mkodzo. Izi zimachitika chifukwa kuchotsedwa kwa mafuta ochulukirapo amachokera m'thupi. Sizokayikitsa kuti mungathe kuthana ndi fungo la ammonia, koma kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ambiri kumatha kupirira. Kumwa oposa malita atatu a mkodzo patsiku, njira zikuluzikulu zochotsera ma ketoni owonjezera amakhala mkodzo ndi thukuta, ndipo kusamba kosavuta kumathandizira kukonza izi. Koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti malita atatu amadzi ndi gawo lochepera tsiku lililonse ndipo simuyenera kunyalanyaza lamuloli.

Ketosis mwa anthu: ndi chiyani

Ketosis ndi vuto lomwe limakula mwa munthu kusapezeka kapena kusowa kwa chakudya chamafuta.

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha ketosis ndikufa ndi chakudya cham'mimba, momwe kuthyoka kwamafuta kumachitika ndikupeza mphamvu yofunikira, ndikupanga kuchuluka kwa ketonic acid.

Glucose amadziwika kuti ndiye gwero lalikulu lamphamvu mthupi la munthu, ndipo pakapanda kukhalapo, kufunafuna njira zina zopititsira ntchito zofunika kumachitika.

Pofuna kusunga mapuloteni, thupi limasinthira ku metabolism yamafuta, ndikupanga matupi a ketone m'chiwindi, m'malo mwa glucose. Kuphwanya njira za kagayidwe kachakudya kwakanthawi kumawonjezera kukula kwawo, komwe kumayambitsa poizoni ndi ketoacidotic chikomokere, ndipo nthawi zina kumatha kubweretsa imfa.

Mfundo za zakudya za Keto

Zakudya za Keto, zimakhalanso ndi ketogenic, zimakhazikitsidwa pakugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, mapuloteni komanso mafuta ochepa. Mu mtundu woyambirira wa keto, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a khunyu, makamaka mwa ana, kuchuluka kwa mafuta, mapuloteni, ndi chakudya cham'mimba kunali 4: 1: 1. Pazosankha zakuchepera, kuchuluka kwake kunasintha pang'ono pang'onopang'ono pakuwonjezeka kwa mapuloteni.

Zakudya za keto zochizira khunyu zimayikidwa ndi dokotala. Katswiri yekha, malinga ndi zotsatira za kusanthula ndikuwunika momwe wodwalayo alili, ndi omwe amatha kupanga mapulani azakudya.

Chofunika cha keto-zakudya ndikubweretsa ndikusunga thupili mu ketosis.Mphamvu yayikulu yomwe imapatsa mphamvu thupi ndi chakudya cham'magazi, chomwe chimasinthidwa kukhala glucose ndipo chimakonda kudziunjikira minofu minofu ndi chiwindi.

Ndi kuchepa kwa chakudya chamagulu, thupi limagwiritsa ntchito glycogen, kenako limayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta osungirako ngati gwero lamphamvu, limaphwanya maselo amafuta, omwe amapanga matupi a ketone. Ndi ketone yomwe imagwira ntchito ngati gwero lamphamvu ku ubongo ndi ziwalo zina.

Mchitidwewo ukhoza kuchitika pokhapokha kuchuluka kwa chakudya cham'madzi chotsika pachikazi sikupitirira 100 g.

Zakudya za ketogenic zimafanana kwambiri ndi zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Potsirizira pake, kudya mafuta ochulukirapo kumakhalanso kuchepetsedwa, koma zochuluka zawo zimaposa 100 g ndipo njira ya ketosis sinachitike.

Zomwe zimachitikira munthu nthawi ya chakudya cha keto

Njala. Popanda kubwezeretsanso, nkhokwe zam'magazi zimatha kwa maola 8-9. Pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, munthu amamva njala yayikulu, pomwe thupi silikumana ndi zosokoneza zilizonse.
Kuledzera kwa nkhokwe za glycogen ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri yazakudya. Monga lamulo, thupi limafunikira masiku 1-3 kuti latha. Munthu amamva njala yosatha yomwe ngakhale mafuta ndi mapuloteni sangathe. Uku ndiye kumverera mukamva njala ndi m'mimba yonse. Malingaliro okhudza maswiti, kutuluka thukuta kwambiri, malovu, kupweteka pachiwindi, m'mimba, chizungulire, mseru, kusokonekera, kufalikira kwa fungo, kufulumira kumatsatiridwa kwa masiku atatu.
Gluconeoginesis. Thupi limaphwanya mankhwala onse omwe amapezeka m'magulu a glucose, mpaka mapuloteni. Nthawi imeneyi imadziwika ndi kutayika kwa minofu yam'mimba komanso kuchepa kwa ziwalo zamkati. Njirayi imatha sabata limodzi.
Ketosis Thupi likayamba kuzindikira kuti kupezeka kwa glucose sikuyembekezeredwa, imayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mosungirako zachuma ndikusintha kuchokera pakugawa mapuloteni mpaka mafuta. Chifukwa cha lipolysis, maselo amafuta amawonongeka kukhala glycerol ndi mafuta acids, omwe amasinthidwa kukhala matupi a ketone - othandizira mphamvu mwachindunji. Zizindikiro zowoneka kuti ketosis yayamba ndi fungo la acetone lochokera m'thupi ndi zipsinjo zonse, kugwidwa ndi njala yayikulu, kutopa, chizungulireke.

Pali zosankha zingapo za keto yamafuta oyaka:

chakudya chokwanira - kuchuluka kwa RCU 75: 25: 5,
cyclic keto zakudya - kusintha kwa chakudya masiku ndi ketogenic, mwachitsanzo, masiku awiri pa sabata amakhala ndi chakudya chamagulu ambiri, ndipo ena onse ndi ketogenic,
Zakudya zamagetsi - masiku ophunzitsira, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamthupi kumachulukanso,
mapuloteni ambiri - kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni, kuchuluka kwa mafuta, mapuloteni, chakudya 60: 35: 5.

Cyclic keto nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri othamanga; chakudya chofunikira cha ketogenic nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuchepetsa thupi.

Kodi matupi a ketone amawoneka bwanji?

Koma kubwerera ku matupi a ketone. Tsopano mukudziwa kuti munthu ali ndi magwero awiri mphamvu zamagetsi ngati kuchepa kwa chakudya chamagulu mu chakudya: chakudya ndi mafuta.

Mukangochepetsa kudya zakudya zamafuta, glycogen imayamba kudyedwa, ngati patatha masiku angapo kudya zakudya zamafuta sikuchitika, ndiye kuti thupi limayamba pang'onopang'ono kumanganso.

Mafuta acids, omwe ali gawo lalikulu kwambiri pakupanga matupi a ketone, amayamba kumasulidwa m'maselo a mafuta. Minofu ya mafupa, minofu yamtima, gland ya adrenal, chiwindi, minofu ya adipose imagwira bwino mafuta acids omwe, omwe amawotcha mitochondria ndikupanga mphamvu.

Koma ubongo sungatenge mafuta acids, chifukwa samatha kudutsa chotchinga-magazi chotchinga (BBB). Matupi a Ketone opangidwa m'chiwindi ndi zinthu zosungunuka ndi madzi ndipo zimadutsa BBB.

Ndi kusinthaku, njira ya gluconeogenesis yatsika, sikuleka.Chifukwa pali zimakhala ndi ziwalo zomwe zimadalira glucose zomwe sizingagwiritse ntchito mphamvu zamafuta kapena matupi a ketone. Amaphatikizanso maselo ofiira am'magazi, minofu ya maso (ma lens), mphamvu ya impso, mtima endothelium, epithelium yamatumbo.

Ziwalo izi sizifunikira insulini, ndipo glucose amalowa mu cell mothandizidwa ndi gradient. Ichi ndichifukwa chake shuga wambiri amakhala owopsa kwambiri ku ziwalozi ndipo ndichifukwa chake zovuta za shuga zimayamba makamaka ziwalo izi.

Kuti mupeze matenda a shuga ndikuwonetsetsa momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira, hemoglobin imagwiritsidwa ntchito - gawo ili la hemoglobin limagulitsidwa mosagulitsidwa ku glucose. Njira imeneyi imatchedwa kuti njira ya glycation ndipo imapezeka m'mitundu yambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Zotsatira zake, ntchito yamapuloteni oyambitsa imasokonekera.

Chifukwa chiyani zovuta zimayamba? Chifukwa chakuti pali zovuta zina zama protein zomwe zimalowerera mkati mwa glucose. Amanga zolimba nawo ndipo satsalira.

Chifukwa chake, zidadziwika kwa inu kuti matupi a ketogenesis ndi ketone ndiwosinthika ndipo izi ndizabwinobwino. Ndipo nthawi zina simungapewe.

Kusintha kwa ketosis

Kusintha kwa boma la ketosis kumatheka chifukwa chochepetsa kwambiri chakudya (nthawi zambiri zosakwana magalamu 50 patsiku) monga gwero lalikulu lamphamvu ndikuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta.

Zakudya za ketogenic zimafotokoza kugawa pakati pa macronutrients: mafuta - 60-80%, mapuloteni - 15-25%, chakudya - 5-10%.

Kuti mupewe zoyipa, ndibwino kuyamba kuletsa mafuta ochulukirapo a carg patsiku, pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa agalu. Mukamawerengera chizindikiro ichi, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zinthu zina (mwachitsanzo, fiber) zitha kukhala pazomwe zimapangidwa ndi mankhwala olemera kwambiri.

Kuwerengera kumathandizidwa ndikuthandizira kudziwa zomwe zili m'thupi la zakudya komanso kufunika kwa mphamvu, zowerengera zapadera pa intaneti (zowerengera zopatsa mphamvu). Pamene magawo a thupi amasintha (kuchepa thupi, kukula kwa minofu), kuwerengera kumafunikira kusinthidwa.

Pamene ketosis imayamba

Pali zifukwa zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimapangidwira khansa ya ketosis, nthawi zambiri imawoneka mu odwala matenda a shuga.

Kubwezera Kwa shuga

Ketosis mu matenda a shuga imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusowa kwa insulin - pali shuga wambiri m'magazi (hyperglycemia), koma salowa m'maselo.

Mthupi, kulipirira chakudya cham'mimba, njira za gluconeogenesis - kapangidwe ka shuga m'chiwindi kuchokera pakumagawanika kwa amino acid ndi ketogeneis - zimayambitsa - kuwonongeka kwa mafuta ndi metabolism yamafuta acids am'mimbayi ya ketone iyamba.

Chifukwa chophwanya mitundu yonse ya kagayidwe, kutulutsa kwa matupi a ketone kumachepa, ndipo mkhalidwe wa ketoacidosis umachitika, womwe, ngati simulowa insulin, umadutsa ketoacidotic chikomokere ndipo zimatha kudwala.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa ketosis mu shuga ndi Mlingo wosalondola wa insulin womwe sugwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa matendawa, kuphwanya jekeseni wa jekeseni, kuyambitsa kwa mankhwala omwe atha, kuwonjezeka kwa kufunikira kwa insulini ngati pakubwera matenda apakhungu kapena pakati.

Ana acetonemic syndrome

Ketoacidosis imakula mwa ana chifukwa cha zolakwika zakudya - pakudya mafuta ochulukirapo kapena kusala kudya kwakanthawi, komanso matenda ena (somatic, matenda, endocrine). Imadziwonetseranso ngati kusanza kwa cyclic, komwe kumachitika pafupipafupi.

Nthawi zosanza zimasinthana ndi nthawi ya thanzi, pamene mwana alibe nkhawa. Ketosis mu mwana imatha kuganiziridwanso ndi kafungo ka acetone komanso kupweteka kwa m'mimba.

Njala ndi zakudya zama carb zotsika

Makina a chitukuko cha ketosis pa kusala ndikuwonongeka kwa mafuta ndikumasulidwa kwamafuta acid ndi kaphatikizidwe kamotsatira kwa matupi a ketone. Kusala kudya kwanthawi yayitali kumatha kubweretsa kusintha kwa ketosis ku ketoacidosis ndi kuledzera kwa thupi.

Kuvulala kwakana kukana chakudya kumakhala m'lingaliro lakuti kugwiritsa ntchito matupi a ketone ngati mphamvu, mukufunikiranso shuga. Thupi lake limapanga chiwindi kuchokera ku ma amino acid omwe amapangidwa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri anthu omwe akuvutika ndi njala amachepetsa minofu m'malo mwa mafuta.

Zakudya zama carb zotsika zimakhazikitsidwa potsatira izi - kugwiritsa ntchito mapuloteni kumapereka gawo la kapangidwe ka shuga, kamene amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakupanga matupi a ketone opangidwa kuchokera ku mafuta osweka.

Thupi limataya mafuta popanda kutaya minofu. Koma kuchuluka kwa mapangidwe a shuga ndizotsika poyerekeza ndi mapangidwe a matupi a ketone, motero alibe nthawi yogaya ndi ketosis imayamba.

Makamaka zakudya zama carb ochepa ndizowopsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la metabolic latent, omwe samapezeka pakudya wamba. Amatha kukhala ndi metabolic acidosis yayikulu.

Ketoacidosis mu zakumwa zoledzeretsa

Ketosis imachitika mukasiya kumwa mowa, wowonetseredwa ndi kusanza komanso kupweteka kwambiri pamimba.

Pali zifukwa zingapo za chidakwa cha ketoacidosis:

mapangidwe a chiwindi mothandizidwa ndi mowa wa zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuphatikizika kwa matupi a ketone,
kusala kwathunthu kapena pang'ono pang'ono nthawi yakudya,
kuphwanya kuchotsedwa kwa matupi a ketone ndi impso chifukwa chakusowa kwamadzi.

Ketosis imawonedwa ngati vuto lalikulu la metabolic, pazizindikiro zoyambirira zomwe ndikofunikira kufunsa dokotala.

Ma ketones amapangidwa ngati kupezeka kwa glycogen m'chiwindi kumatha, pomwe amatha mphamvu. Ma ketoni ndi zidutswa zazing'ono za kaboni zomwe ndizobowoleza kwamafuta.

Komabe, thupi likagundika ndi ketosis, munthu nthawi zambiri samva njala ndipo amadya pang'ono kuposa masiku onse. Thupi limasinthasintha kuchokera pamoto wowotcha wamafuta kupita kumafuta owotcha.

Koma pakadali pano, thupi laumunthu, makamaka, limapaka shuga wamafuta m'matumbo mwa mphamvu, ndipo sililandira mphamvu kuchokera ku mafuta. Ngati mulibe glucose wokwanira m'magazi, ndiye kuti thupi limayamba kuphwanya malo osungirako mafuta, zomwe zimathandizira kuti ma ketones akhale m'magazi. Ma ketones amapangidwa m'chiwindi kuchokera ku mafuta acids.

Thupi limagwiritsa ntchito mapuloteni ndi mafuta ngati chida chomanga cha maselo ndi minofu, koma, zingakhalenso magwero a mphamvu ngati pakufunika.

Ubongo umagwiritsa ntchito shuga kapena ma ketoni monga gwero lamphamvu, chifukwa minyewa ya ubongo imalephera kuphwanya mafuta kuti ipange mphamvu.

Ngati pali chakudya chamagulu ambiri m'thupi, chimasungidwa m'magazi, omwe amatengedwa m'maselo kenako ndikusinthidwa mphamvu.

M'malo momwe glucose sawonongeka, mwachitsanzo, ndi insulin yotsika kapena kusapezeka kwa glucose, thupi limayamba kuwononga mafuta osungidwa kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu. Chifukwa cha kagayidwe ka mafuta, mulingo wa ma ketoni m'magazi umakwera, zomwe zimatsogolera ketosis.

acetone, acetoacetate kapena beta-hydroxybutyrate. Kuchuluka kwa ma ketoni kumapangitsa kuledzera, kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa magazi, komanso kuwononga ziwalo monga impso ndi chiwindi.

Thupi laumunthu likuyesera kutsitsa mulingo wa acetone (ketone) mwa kudzipatula pakapuma, komwe kumapereka chizindikiro monga kupuma kokoma ndi zipatso. Katemera wa Ketone amapezekanso ndi mkodzo.

Chakudya cha ketogenic pochiza khunyu ndichakudya chamafuta ochepa, chamafuta kwambiri. Anapangidwa m'zaka zoyambira za zana la 20. Zakudya zimathandizira thupi kuwotcha mafuta kuti akhale ndi mphamvu.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku kuchokera ku The Epilepsy Foundation, zidawonetsedwa kuti ana awiri mwa atatu aliwonse amadya zakudya zomwe zimatsitsimuka. M'malo mwake, mu gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu, kugwidwa khunyu kwatha.

Madokotala sadziwa kwenikweni chifukwa chake zakudya zomwe zimatsata kusala kudya mwa kuwotcha mafuta mphamvu zimaletsa paroxysm. Akatswiri samamvetsetsanso chifukwa chake zakudyazi sizithandiza odwala onse omwe ali ndi khunyu.

Chakudya chamafuta kwambiri chimatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zina, kuphatikiza madzi am'mimba, kudzimbidwa, ndipo nthawi zina miyala ya impso kapena biliary. Pali zovuta zina zomwe zimawonjezera kufunikira kwa kuwunika wodwalayo mosamala.

m'chiuno (kumtunda kwa ntchafu), matako, ndi m'mimba. Zakudya zomanga thupi, komabe, sizingasungidwe ndi thupi. Nthawi zambiri timakhala ndi njala pomwe misempha ya glucose imatsika. Kuti mukwaniritse chikhalidwe cha ketosis, thupi liyenera kulandira mafuta ambiri / mapuloteni komanso otsika - chakudya.

Malinga ndi akatswiri ena, mwachitsanzo, Dr. Atkins, ndi kuwongolera koyenera (kuwunika momwe mkodzo umapangidwira, mwachitsanzo), kuchuluka kwa ma ketoni kumatha kusungidwa m'malo otetezeka ndipo wodwalayo amatha kufikira kulemera kwake koyenera popanda kukumana ndi mavuto osagona. Pankhaniyi, kukongola ndi thanzi la munthu "zimapindula" nthawi yomweyo.

Zotsatira zomwe zingachitike chifukwa chakudya

Koma pali chiopsezo china chosunga chakudya chochuluka m'mapuloteni komanso mafuta ochepa kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngati kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketone sikumayendetsedwa bwino, pamatha kukhala zolemetsa pa impso ndi chiwopsezo chowonjezereka cha miyala ya impso, popeza kuchuluka kwa calcium kumakhudzidwa kudzera mkodzo,

pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha mafupa. Akatswiri ena akuti chiopsezo chokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwamafuta m'mafuta a cholesterol nawonso chiwonjezereka. Ndipo kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti kudya kwamafuta ochepa, ochepa mapuloteni samangothandiza cholesterol yotsika, komanso kumachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa.

Akatswiri sangathe kuvomereza ngati zili zabwino kapena zopanda vuto kusinthira ku ketosis kudzera m'zakudya zomanga thupi komanso zomanga thupi kwambiri. Ena amati ndizowopsa.

Ngakhale ofufuza ena amati gawo la chisinthiko cha anthu, pomwe kwa nthawi yayitali anthu anali osaka ndipo amakhala makamaka mkhola wa ketogenic. Pali umboni wambiri wosonyeza kuti magulu ena masiku ano ali munthawi yayitali ya ketogenic.

Pambuyo pa kusintha kwa masabata a 2-4, ketosis siyikhudza kupirira kwa thupi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti thupi la munthu silifunikanso kubwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri kuti lipezetsetse malo omwe atsala ndi glycogen atatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti pamlingo wina wa ketosis, thupi la munthu limachita bwino.

Wothandizira zakuthupi: Mankhwala a Euroservice

Ketosis mu matenda a shuga imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusowa kwa insulin - pali shuga wambiri m'magazi (hyperglycemia), koma salowa m'maselo.

Ketoacidosis imakula mwa ana chifukwa cha zolakwika zakudya - pakudya mafuta ochulukirapo kapena kusala kudya kwakanthawi, komanso matenda ena (somatic, matenda, endocrine).Imadziwonetseranso ngati kusanza kwa cyclic, komwe kumachitika pafupipafupi.

Zabwino ndi zovuta za keto

Keto-zakudya muli zabwino zotsatirazi:

Kuchepetsa thupi kwambiri komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwamafuta am'mimba,
Zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso kusowa kwa chakudya pambuyo pa ketosis,
mukamaliza kudya, kulemerako sikubwerera kwa nthawi yayitali,
kuteteza minofu,
kuthekera kwophika mu mafuta okuya, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama, kuphatikizapo mafuta anyama,
kusankha kwakukulu kwa zinthu.

kufa ndi chakudya kwamoto kumakhudza ntchito ya ubongo, kusamalitsa chidwi kumachepa, kukumbukira kumakulirakulira, luso la kuphunzira, kuchepa kwa chakudya chamthupi nthawi yayitali kumatha kubweretsa kusintha kosasintha,
kutsika kwa kagayidwe kachakudya
poyizoni thupi ndi zinthu zapoizoni, zizindikilo zake zimawonetsedwa ndi fungo la acetone la secretions,
kusasangalala m'masiku oyamba,
Zakudya zimatha kudwala matenda am'mimba, chifukwa cha zakudya zam'mimba zambiri,
kusowa kwa fiber kungayambitse kudzimbidwa ndi njira zotupa m'matumbo akulu.

Zakudya ndizotsutsana kwathunthu pakati pamimba komanso mkaka wa m`mawere, kulephera kwa aimpso, matenda osagwirizana ndi m'mimba, chimbudzi, komanso shuga. Chakudya cha keto sichabwino kwa anthu omwe akuchita ntchito yamaganizidwe.

Zomwe zimaphatikizidwa muzakudya

Gawo lalikulu la chakudya ndi chakudya chomwe chimachokera kuchinyama: nyama, nsomba, nkhuku, mazira.

Batala lololedwa, tchizi chanyumba, tchizi, masamba am'madzi, bowa, nsomba zam'madzi, zotsekera, kuchokera ku masamba: kolifulawa, kabichi yoyera, Brussels zikumera, broccoli, Peking, nkhaka, nyemba zobiriwira, masamba amasamba, udzu winawake, zukini, anyezi, tomato pang'ono mtedza. Nthawi ya keto, muyenera kumwa zamadzi zambiri kuti muchepetse kuwonetseredwa kwa poizoni ndi zinthu zapoizoni zomwe zimapangidwa m'thupi ndi mapuloteni ochulukirapo.

Keto-zakudya kumatanthauza kukana kwathunthu gulu lalikulu la zinthu:

shuga ndi zinthu zonse zomwe zili nazo,
zipatso ndi zipatso, kupatula mabulosi wowawasa,
maswiti, maswiti, zipatso zouma, kupanikizana, kupanikizana, ayisikilimu,
Zoyimira shuga zosapanga
ndiwo zamasamba, kuphatikizapo mbatata, beets ndi kaloti,
buledi wamitundu yonse,
pasitala
nyemba
mbewu
mkaka
zipatso zamasamba
mitundu yonse ya mowa
wokondedwa
misuzi yamafakitale.

Zakudya za Keto - Mndandanda wa Sabata

Kutengera zomwe mukufuna kudya, mndandanda wamlungu ungakhale ndi zosankha zosiyanasiyana. Ngati mukufunika kumanga minofu, ndiye kuti ma calorie ena 500 amawonjezeredwa pazomwe zimapangidwa tsiku lililonse. Ngati zakudya za keto zimawerengedwa ngati kuchepa kwa thupi, ndiye kuti zopatsa mphamvu 500 zimachotsedwa muzomwe mumakonda tsiku lililonse.

Kuyambitsa njira ya ketosis, chakudyacho chimayenera kukhala ndi menyu momwe kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni kumafuta mwakulemera ndi komweko, pomwe kuchuluka kwa mafuta osafunikira sayenera kupitirira 100. Dongosolo la zakudya izi za keto limapangidwa sabata limodzi. Pambuyo pake, chiŵerengero cha mapuloteni, mafuta, chakudya chimawerengeredwa potengera mawonekedwe: mapuloteni 35%, mafuta 60%, chakudya 5%.

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafuta azakudya ziyenera kukhala masamba osakhazikika, masamba azomera. Pali mafuta ochepa pa 100 g ya masamba, pomwe amatha kupatsa thupi zinthu zofunika, ma vitamini, ndi zinthu zina.

Zakudya zofananira za ketogenic cha sabata:

kadzutsa: mazira okazinga ndi nyama yankhumba,
nkhomaliro: nkhuku yokazinga ndi saladi wa nkhaka,
chakudya chamadzulo: nsomba zonenepa zomwe zimapsa.

Chakudya cham'mawa:
nkhomaliro: nyama zosenda nkhumba ndi mphodza zamasamba,
chakudya chamadzulo: saladi wa tchizi, maolivi ndi tomato.

kadzutsa: omelet ndi nyama ndi tchizi,
nkhomaliro: mackerel ndi masamba,
chakudya chamadzulo: tchizi chakunyumba.

kadzutsa: Mazira 4 ophika ndi bere la nkhuku,
nkhomaliro: nsomba ndi sipinachi,
chakudya chamadzulo: kuwaza nkhumba ndi masamba obiriwira.

chakudya cham'mawa: mazira okazinga ndi avocado, zonunkhira,
nkhomaliro: nkhuku Kiev, kusenda masamba,
chakudya chamadzulo: chodzaza nsomba.

kadzutsa: saladi wa bere la nkhuku, mazira, anyezi wokhala ndi mayonesi,
nkhomaliro: mabala ozizira
tchizi chanyumba chanyumba ndi mtedza.

kadzutsa: omelet ndi bowa,
nkhomaliro: nyama yowotcha nkhumba,
chakudya chamadzulo: nkhuku yokhala ndi masamba.

Momwe Mungayimirire Pazakudya Zandimu Zopatsa Ndimu

Zambiri zamalingaliro

Mukachepetsa chakudya chamafuta anu kufika pa 100 g patsiku, thupi lanu lilibe mwayi wosankha koma kupeza mphamvu pakuwotcha mafuta ake omwe.

Pakadutsa masiku 7-7 pakachulukidwe kakang'ono kameneka, thupi limalowa m'thupi la ketosis, ndiko kuti, zakudya chifukwa cha zinthu zam'kati. Pakusweka kwamafuta, madzi, mpweya ndi michere ya ketone zimapangidwa - zotsalira kuchokera ku makutidwe a oxidation amafuta acids.

Matupi amenewa amalowa m'magazi ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi thupi kuti apange mphamvu ndikupanga amino acid. Chifukwa chake, chakudyacho chimatchedwa ketogenic zakudya.

Mumazindikira kuchuluka kwa chakudyacho, koma osachitsatira kuposa miyezi iwiri. Ngakhale mutakhala kuti simunakwaniritse zomwe mukufuna mulemera, tengani nthawi yopuma kwa mwezi umodzi, ndikubwereranso ku zakudya za keto.

Zakudya zoyenera ndi zoletsedwa

Mukamadya ketogenic, yesani kupanga menyu pazinthu zotsatirazi:

nkhuku ndi nyama yanyama,
mazira
nsomba (kuphatikizapo nsomba yamafuta),
tchizi
tchizi tchizi
mtedza
skim mkaka ndi mkaka,
masamba obiriwira.

Koma zopangidwa ndi zakudya za keto siziyenera kuperekedwa kuchakudya:

mbewu ndi mbewu
nthochi, mphesa, beets, kaloti,
beets, mbatata,
shuga
pasitala.

Ketosis yokhala ndi carb yotsika, matupi a ketone. Zidziwitseni nokha

Matupi a Ketone (onaninso: matupi a acetone, acetone ndi mankhwala wamba a mankhwala) ndi gulu lazinthu zomwe zimapangidwa mu chiwindi kuchokera ku acetyl-CoA: acetone (propanone) H3C - CO - CH3, acetoacetic acid (acetoacetate) H3C - CO - CH2 - COOH , beta-hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) H3C - CHOH - CH2 - COOH. # 1 =

Ketosis ndi mkhalidwe momwe mulingo wa ma ketones (matupi a ketone) m'mwazi umakwezedwa.

Ma ketones amapangidwa ngati kupezeka kwa glycogen m'chiwindi kumatha, pomwe amatha mphamvu. Ma ketoni ndi zidutswa zazing'ono za kaboni zomwe ndizobowoleza kwamafuta. Ketosis imawonedwa ngati matenda oopsa ngati mulingo wa ma ketones ndiwokwera kwambiri.

Komabe, thupi likagundika ndi ketosis, munthu nthawi zambiri samva njala ndipo amadya pang'ono kuposa masiku onse.

Thupi limasinthasintha kuchokera pamoto wowotcha wamafuta kupita kumafuta owotcha. Fiber yamafuta imakhala gwero lalikulu lamphamvu, ndipo munthu amachepetsa thupi.

Ndiye chifukwa chake zakudya zamagetsi ocheperako zatchuka komanso kugwira ntchito, makamaka pakati pa anthu onenepa kwambiri.

Thupi limagwiritsa ntchito mapuloteni ndi mafuta ngati chida chomanga cha maselo ndi minofu, koma, zingakhalenso magwero a mphamvu ngati pakufunika.

Ubongo umagwiritsa ntchito shuga kapena ma ketoni monga gwero lamphamvu, chifukwa minyewa ya ubongo imalephera kuphwanya mafuta kuti ipange mphamvu.

Ngati pali chakudya chamagulu ambiri m'thupi, chimasungidwa m'magazi, omwe amatengedwa m'maselo kenako ndikusinthidwa mphamvu.

M'malo momwe glucose sawonongeka, mwachitsanzo, ndi insulin yotsika kapena kusapezeka kwa glucose, thupi limayamba kuwononga mafuta osungidwa kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu.

Chifukwa cha kagayidwe ka mafuta, mulingo wa ma ketoni m'magazi umakwera, zomwe zimatsogolera ketosis.

Ketosis imatha kukhala ndi matenda amtundu 1 shuga (osakwanira insulin), uchidakwa, njala, komanso chakudya chochepa, koma wokhala ndi mafuta komanso mapuloteni ambiri.

acetone, acetoacetate kapena beta-hydroxybutyrate. Kuchuluka kwa ma ketoni kumapangitsa kuledzera, kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa magazi, komanso kuwononga ziwalo monga impso ndi chiwindi.

Thupi laumunthu likuyesera kutsitsa mulingo wa acetone (ketone) mwa kudzipatula pakapuma, komwe kumapereka chizindikiro monga kupuma kokoma ndi zipatso. Katemera wa Ketone amapezekanso ndi mkodzo.

Chakudya cha ketogenic pochiza khunyu ndichakudya chamafuta ochepa, chamafuta kwambiri. Anapangidwa m'zaka zoyambira za zana la 20. Zakudya zimathandizira thupi kuwotcha mafuta kuti akhale ndi mphamvu.

Chakudya chamafuta kwambiri chimatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zina, kuphatikiza madzi am'mimba, kudzimbidwa, ndipo nthawi zina miyala ya impso kapena biliary. Pali zovuta zina zomwe zimawonjezera kufunikira kwa kuwunika wodwalayo mosamala.

Ketosis yoonda.

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, thupi likasintha mafuta ogwiritsira ntchito mafuta kuwotchera mafuta, thupi limachepa.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti thupi laumunthu limatha kusunga mafuta, nthawi zina m'malo osafunikira, monga: ntchafu (kumtunda kwa matako), matako, ndi m'mimba. Zakudya zomanga thupi, komabe, sizingasungidwe ndi thupi. Nthawi zambiri timakhala ndi njala pomwe misempha ya glucose imatsika.

Kuti mukwaniritse chikhalidwe cha ketosis, thupi liyenera kulandira mafuta ambiri / mapuloteni komanso otsika - chakudya.

Zotsatira zomwe zingachitike chifukwa chakudya

Koma pali chiopsezo china chosunga chakudya chochuluka m'mapuloteni komanso mafuta ochepa kwa nthawi yayitali.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketone sikumayendetsedwa bwino, kulemera kwa impso kumatha kuwoneka, ndipo chiwopsezo cha miyala ya impso chitha kuchuluka, popeza kuchuluka kwa calcium kumakhudzidwa kudzera mkodzo, pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu cha mafupa. Akatswiri ena akuti chiopsezo chokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwamafuta m'mafuta a cholesterol nawonso chiwonjezereka.

Ndipo kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti kudya kwamafuta ochepa, ochepa mapuloteni samangothandiza cholesterol yotsika, komanso kumachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa.

Akatswiri sangathe kuvomereza ngati zili zabwino kapena zopanda vuto kusinthira ku ketosis kudzera m'zakudya zomanga thupi komanso zomanga thupi kwambiri. Ena amati ndizowopsa.

Sikulimbikitsidwa kuti muthe kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zofananira ngati, mwachitsanzo, mukapita ku banki ya umuna ngati wopereka.

Pambuyo pa kusintha kwa masabata a 2-4, ketosis siyikhudza kupirira kwa thupi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti thupi la munthu silifunikanso kubwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri kuti lipezetsetse malo omwe atsala ndi glycogen atatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.Izi zimatsimikizira kuti pamlingo wina wa ketosis, thupi la munthu limachita bwino.

Chifukwa chake, ndizosangalatsa kwambiri, ndidawerenga zolemba zochepa ndipo maulendo awiri okha omwe adawopseza za ketosis, m'malemba otsalawo mulibe maremboni, zabwino zokhazokha. Koma sizichitika kuti ketosis imangogwira thupi, chifukwa pali zinthu zambiri zoyipa zomwe sizikhudza thupi lathu bwino.