Hyperglycemic coma ndi zovuta za matenda ashuga

Zomwe zimatsogola:

1. Mlingo wolakwika wa insulin.

2. Matenda osachiritsika.

3. Kugwiritsa ntchito insulini kwatha.

4. Kuyambitsa insulin yozizira.

5. Kuphwanya kapena kusatsatira zakudya.

7. Matenda opatsirana.

8. Mimba komanso opaleshoni.

Maziko a kumayambiriro kwa chikomokere: kusowa kwa insulin, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa cha hyperglycemia, kubwezeretsanso kwa madzi ndi ma elekitiroma am'madzi muimpso kumayipa, magazi amayamba, kuchuluka kwa magazi kumawonjezereka, chizolowezi cha thrombosis, kusefera kwa glomerular kumachepa.

Poyerekeza ndi kuchepa kwa insulin, maselo a chiwindi amagwira mafuta ochulukirapo kwambiri. Zakudya zophatikiza ndi oxidine zimapanga (matupi a ketone)

1. Hyperosmolar (kuchepa madzi m'thupi) chikomokere.

Cholinga chachikulu cha chikomokere chimaphatikizidwa ndi kusowa kwa insulin, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ngati magazi a shuga aposa gawo lotchedwa aimpso, ndiye kuti shuga amayamba kuthiridwa mkodzo ndiku "kutunga" madzi kuchokera mthupi, omwe amawonetsedwa ndi kukodza kawirikawiri (polyuria), ndipo izi, zimabweretsa kutsekeka kwa thupi, komwe kumadziwonekera ludzu. Pamodzi ndi madzi, zinthu za mchere zimathandizidwanso, zomwe zimayambitsa kukokana mu minofu ya ng'ombe ndi kufooka kwa minofu. Ngati ludzu silikubisa madzi ndi mkodzo, izi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa thupi, komwe kumawonetsedwa ndi kufooka kwina, kenako kufooka kumayamba, kenako, kutaya chikumbumtima. Umu ndi momwe chikomero chachikulu (dehydrating) chikulira. Mtundu wamtunduwu umawonedwa nthawi zambiri mtundu wa shuga wachiwiri, ukalamba, nthawi zambiri umatsutsana ndi maziko a matenda opatsirana, pomwe wodwala satenga njira zoyenera zothandizira kupweteka.

2. Ketoacidotic chikomokere.

Ketoacidotic coma imapezeka kwambiri matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, i.e. Ndalemba. Nthawi zambiri imakhala patangotha ​​maola ochepa ndipo imatsagana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi. Mu nthawi yoyambirira ya kukomoka, nseru, kusanza ndi kupweteka kwam'mimba kumawonekera. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwathunthu kwa insulin, kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya adipose kumayendetsedwa, zomwe zimatsogolera pakupanga kwa matupi a ketone, makamaka acetone. Acetone imatulutsidwa mkodzo ndi mpweya wotuluka, ndipo zochuluka kwambiri kotero kuti kununkhira kwake kumatha kumveka mosavuta mu mpweya wotopa. Zambiri za acetone m'magazi zimachulukitsa acidity ya magazi (otchedwa acidosis amakula), omwe amatsogolera kupuma kwakuya komanso kopanda phokoso, chifukwa chomwe thupi limamasulidwa ku acetone yowonjezera. Popanda chithandizo chapadera, zovuta za metabolic zimapita patsogolo ndipo wodwalayo amataya chikumbumtima, i.e. ketoacidotic chikomokere.

Kukula kwa hyperglycemic chikomokere pang'onopang'ono. Kuyambira pomwe zizindikiro zoyambirira zimawonekera mpaka kutayika kwa chikumbumtima, tsiku kapena ngakhale milungu ingapo yapita. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zotsatirazi ndizosiyanitsidwa:

1. Precoma (nthawi ya zisonga zokomera)

2. Kuyambika chikomokere.

3. Mwachindunji chikomokere.

1. Precoma Kuwonetsedwa kwa matenda obvuta a shuga: polyuria, polydipsia, kuchepa thupi, mseru komanso kusanza, kufooka kwakukulu. Wosamva, kamwa yowuma, khungu loyabwa. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa matupi a ketone m'magazi, chikhazikitso chimadutsa mu coma yomwe imayamba.

2. Kuyambika chikomokere. Kusungunuka kumakulirakulira (Komanso, kusanza kumawoneka ngati malo ampiri a khofi chifukwa cha kupezeka kwodetsa magazi). Polyuria ndi polydipsia. Mlengalenga wotulutsa, fungo la acetone limagwidwa. Kupweteka kwam'mimba chifukwa cha m'mimba kuchepera ndi ileum paresis. Zodabwitsa zakuchepa kwamadziwikanso.

3. Coma. Khungu limakhala louma, lozizira, lotupa, lokhala ndi zikanda, kumasuka.

Zizindikiro za hyperglycemic chikomokomo:

pafupipafupi, pokodza pokodza ndi ludzu,

mwachangu (masana) kuonda (chifukwa cha kuchepa mphamvu m'mimba ndi kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya adipose),

spasms ya ng'ombe yamphongo ndi kufooka kwa minofu (chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mchere wamkati mumkodzo),

kuyabwa kwa khungu ndi maliseche,

mseru, kusanza ndi kupweteka kwam'mimba,

kununkhira kwa acetone mu mpweya wotuluka (fungo lomweli lofanana ndi la rempole ya kupukusa misomali),

kutaya chikumbumtima (chikomokere pa se).

Matenda a shuga akamakula, komanso mseru, kusanza komanso kupweteka kwam'mimba, ndikofunikira kuganiza osati "kukhumudwa m'mimba", komanso zizindikiro zoyambira za hyperglycemic coma. Kukhazikika kwa matumbo kumatsimikiziridwa mosavuta ndi zotsatira za kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga ndi mkodzo wa acetone, pomwe njira zotsatirazi ziyenera kutsatiridwa.

Chithandizo cha hyperglycemic chikomokere.

Kukula kwa vuto la hyperglycemic coma sikotetezeka kwa moyo chifukwa chake limafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala kuchipatala. Koma ngakhale kuchipatala, sizotheka nthawi zonse kuchotsa wodwala ku vuto la hyperglycemic. Popewa kuperewera kwa hyperglycemic, muyenera kuchita zinthu zotsatirazi.

Malangizo a kukhumudwa kwa kagayidwe.

Mothandizidwa ndi insulin yosavuta (yosakhazikika), mutha kuyesa kukonza nokha vuto lanu la metabolic. Pali zosankha zingapo izi.

a) lamulo 0-8 UNITS.

Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichite motere:

Mlingo wanthawi zonse wa insulin yosinthika sasintha, umaperekedwa mwachizolowezi,

maola 2 aliwonse, shuga wamagazi amatsimikizika (pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer kapena mizere yoyesera),

Ngati maola 2 mutakhazikitsa mlingo wotsatira wa insulin yosavuta (nenani ma unit 8), magazi a magazi akupitiliza kuchuluka (kunena, mpaka 245 mg%), ndiye kuti muyenera kubweretsanso insulin yosavuta, koma muyezo wosinthika (mwachitsanzo 8 + 4 = 12 mayunitsi), malinga ndi lamulo lomwe lasonyezedwa pagome 1. Ndi zina zotero, mpaka ngozi yakukhala ndi hyperglycemic coma, i.e. M'malo mwake, kufikira zizindikilo zoyambazo zikachotsedwa ndipo shuga m'magazi sichimapangidwanso.

Kusintha kwa Mwazi

0 mayunitsi osavuta insulin

(6-9 mmol / l) + 1 CHIUTA cha insulin yosavuta

(9-12 mmol / l) + 2 magawo a insulin yosavuta

(12-15 mmol / l) + 4 PESCES of insulin yosavuta

(oposa 15 mmol / l) + PISCES 8 za insulin yosavuta

Ngati acetone wapezeka mkodzo (monga momwe amatsimikizirira ndi mizere yofananira yoyeserera), mlingo wa insulin wowerengeka malinga ndi lamulo 0-8ED umaphatikizidwa. Izi ndichifukwa choti insulin sensitivity motsutsana ndi maziko a ketoacidosis (chizindikiro chomwe ndikumasulidwa kwa acetone) imatsika kwambiri.

Mulingo woyenera wa insulin sayenera kupitirira mayunitsi 8, ndiye kuti, sikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa insulin ndi magawo oposa 8 mothandizidwa ndi omwe adayambitsidwa, adayambitsa maola awiri izi zisanachitike.

Momwe shuga atangokhala pansi pa 200 mg% (10 mmol / L), ndikofunikira kuyamba kumwa chakudya. Mdziko lino, mwachitsanzo, nthochi ndizoyenera bwino chifukwa chaopezeka kwambiri osati chakudya, komanso potaziyamu. Tiyi yokoma imalimbikitsidwa chifukwa cha mseru komanso kusanza. Popewa kukula kwa "ketosis yanjala", chakudya chambiri cha tsiku ndi tsiku chomwe chimaperekedwa ndi chakudya chizikhala 6 XE (72 g) ndipo kudya kwawo kumagawananso tsiku lonse.

Kuphatikiza apo, chithandizo chamankhwala chimachitika.

Kodi hyperglycemia ndi chiyani? Zizindikiro

Ndianthu athanzi okha omwe samadwala matenda a shuga 2 omwe sangadziwe kuti hyperglycemia ndi chiani, chifukwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwewa ndiwopseza kwambiri tsiku lililonse. Pathology ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, komwe kwa nthawi yayitali sikuyimitsidwa ndi insulin (mwina ndi yake kapena kutumikiridwa mothandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa). Ngakhale kupatuka kwakomwe, ambiri amawona kuti ndi magazi a 3.3-5,5 mmol / L, ndipo kukwera kulikonse mu mtengo kumapangitsa kukula kwa hyperglycemia.

Zizindikiro za hyperglycemia zakhala zikufufuzidwa komanso kufotokozedwa mosamala, ndipo aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga komanso anthu ake oyandikana nawo ayenera kukhala ndi mndandanda ndi mndandanda wawo, popeza kungodziwa nthawi yomwe akudwala matenda omwe akubwera kungawongolere vutoli. Hypoflycemic syndrome imadziwoneka yokha kudzera mu ludzu, kukodza pafupipafupi, kupweteka mutu, kufooka komanso kutopa. Ngati chikhalidwe cha hyperglycemia mu matenda osokoneza bongo chimakhala chachikulu, kapena vuto la hyperglycemic limayamba kusadzilamulira, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuwonjezeredwa pa chithunzi chachipatala chofotokozedwacho:

• kuwonda
• kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe
• kuchiritsa mabala kapena mabala,
• kumverera kwauma ndi kuyabwa pakhungu,
• Matenda oyamba opatsirana,
• arrhasmia,
• kupuma kwakuya, kosowa komanso kaphokoso.

Komanso kukulira kwa vutoli kungaphatikizeponso kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima, kusowa madzi m'thupi, ketoacidosis, ngakhale kukomoka, kotchedwa hyperglycemic coma.

Zomwe zimachitika

Zomwe zimayambitsa hyperglycemia zimatha kukhala zosiyana, koma chachikulu komanso chofala kwambiri ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, momwe njira yolumikizirana ya insulin ndi maselo amthupi imasokonekera, kapena insulin siyipangidwe kwathunthu. Monga mukudziwa, chilichonse chomwe chakudya, chomwe chimakhala ndi mtundu wake wa glycemic, chimakulitsa shuga m'magazi (izi zimadziwika kwambiri ndi chakudya cham'mimba chambiri). Zomwe thupi limapanga ndikupanga timadzi tating'onoting'ono timene timayendetsa shuga, timene timayendetsa shuga m'magazi.

Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, hyperglycemia mu shuga mellitus ndi zotsatira za kukana kwa insulin kwa mahomoni awa, omwe amapangidwa koyenera koyenera. Komabe, chaka ndi chaka, njira yomwe ikubwera imayambitsa kutsika kwa maselo a pancreatic beta omwe amapanga insulin ndikuyambitsa kuperewera kwa pancreatogenic, momwe shuga imasinthira kukhala mawonekedwe odalira insulini. Mu magawo onse awiri ndi achiwiri, hyperglycemia syndrome ndi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe kumatheka chifukwa cha minofu yolandila chakudya.

Odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga, mumakhala chizindikiro chodziwika kapena chovuta kwambiri - hyperglycemia, yomwe imangokulira pokhapokha atatha kudya zinthuzo. Moyo wa odwala matenda ashuga okhudzana ndi insulin umayang'aniridwa mwamphamvu pamagetsi amtundu uliwonse ndikutsatira kayendetsedwe ka insulin kapena mankhwala ena aliwonse a hypoglycemic. Chifukwa chake, zoyambitsa kwambiri zamavuto a hyperglycemic zimawoneka motere:

• kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zokhala ndi chakudya "chambiri" champhamvu,
• kudumpha mankhwala osokoneza bongo panthawi yanthawi masana,
• kuwerengera kolakwika kwa kuchuluka kwa insulin kapena mawonekedwe ake,
• kunenepa kwambiri chifukwa cholimbitsa thupi,
• ocheperako, nkhawa chifukwa cha vuto la mtima kapena stroko.

Mitundu ya Hyperglycemia

Mitundu ya hyperglycemia imatchulidwa makamaka molingana ndi kuopsa kwa matendawa: mpaka 8.2 mmol / L imawerengedwa kuti ndi yofatsa, mpaka 11.0 mmol / L - sing'anga, ndipo pamwamba pa chizindikirocho ndipo mpaka chizindikiro cha 16.5 mmol / L, wodwalayo amapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto lalikulu hyperglycemia. Kuwonjezeka kwina kwa shuga koyamba kumakhala chikomokere, kenako chikomokere m'maganizo.

Milandu ya hyperglycemia yopanda matenda a shuga imadziwika, imodzi mwazomwe zimapangidwira: kudya kwambiri komanso osagwirizana (mwachitsanzo, ndi bulimia) kumakulitsa kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi. Ngati zodabwitsazi ndizosakhalitsa mwachilengedwe ndipo thupi litasinthika lokha, kuchepa kwa magazi, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti ndi pakati, kumapezeka. Choyambitsa chake ndicho mgwirizano wovuta wa glycemia wa chinthu ndi mwana wosabadwayo m'mimba, momwe mulingo wa insulin wopangidwira mu kapamba wa amayi apakati ndiwosakwanira. Muzochitika zotere, kukonza kwa chakudya cha mkazi ndipo, nthawi zina, kukonzekera pang'ono kwa insulin kumafunika.

Hyperglycemia imatha kukhazikika chifukwa cha vuto la mtima kapena kugunda kwa mtima, kapena kukhala chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana komanso otupa, pomwe zochita za insulin mthupi zimaletsedwa ndi mahomoni opanga-mahomoni - catecholamines kapena glucocorticoids. Pomaliza, pali hyperglycemia yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe amakhudza mwachindunji mphamvu ya insulini yoteteza shuga:

• opanga beta
• thiazide okodzeya,
• corticosteroids
• niacin
• proteinase zoletsa
• antidepressants.

Hyperglycemic chikomokere

Ngati kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kukupitilira gawo 16-16 mmol / l, wodwalayo amalowa pakhungu: chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulini, minofu yomwe imafunika mavuto a glucose, chifukwa popanda izi shuga shuga singagwiritsidwe ntchito. Pali zododometsa: ngakhale hyperglycemia, maselo amakumana ndi kuchepa kwa glucose, komwe chiwindi chimayankha ndikupanga kowonjezera - gluconeogenesis. Nthawi yomweyo, chiwalocho chimapangira matupi owonjezera a ketone, omwe amakhala mafuta a minofu ndi ziwalo, koma kuchepa kwawo kumakhumudwitsa kukula kwa ketoacidosis.

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Kukula koyenera kwa vutoli ndi hyperosmolar coma, matenda owopsa kwambiri omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a shuga, pomwe shuga ya magazi imaposa 33.0 mmol / L. Pankhaniyi, chiopsezo cha kufa chimakulitsidwa kwambiri - mpaka 50% ya milandu yonse.

Zizindikiro za hyperglycemic chikomali ndi:

• kusazindikira
• khungu lotentha ndi lowuma
• Fungo la ma acetone (maapulo) kuchokera mkamwa,
• zolimba ofooka
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• kutentha kwabwinobwino kapena kwakukweza pang'ono,
• zotchinga m'maso zofewa kukhudza.

Chithandizo cha hyperglycemic coma chimaphatikizapo kuyimba kwadzidzidzi, poganiza kuti ndikofunikira kuyika wodwalayo, kuonetsetsa kuti kupuma kwaulere, kuletsa lilime kuti lisagwe. Kenako muyenera kuyambitsa mankhwala asymptomatically: kuonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuthetsa mtima ndi kupuma, komanso kuyambitsa mankhwala a hypoglycemic, malinga ngati chikomokere ndi hyper- osati hypoglycemic.

Zambiri za hyperglycemia mwa ana

Hyperglycemic coma imatha kupangidwanso mwa mwana, kuphatikiza paukhanda, womwe umathandizidwa ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amakhala ndi amayi kapena kupezekanso kwa matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amakhala nawo m'mbiri ya abale apamtima. Mwa makanda, hyperglycemia ndi zotsatira zachindunji (chifukwa cha msinkhu) kapangidwe ka kapamba kamene kamayambitsa insulin.

Chifukwa cha chithunzi chamtundu wa uncharacteristic, ndikovuta kuzindikira hyperglycemia mwa mwana, chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri zimayambitsidwa chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwamphamvu kwa mayankho a shuga pamunsi thupi. Nkuthekanso kuti matendawa amakula chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa matenda ena a matenda enaake komanso matenda amisempha yatsopano: meningitis, encephalitis, asphyxia kapena sepsis. Mankhwalawa ndi kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe amaperekedwa ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, kuyambitsa insulin.

Mukakula, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, chiwonetsero chake chomwe ndi hyperglycemia, umatha kuwonekera mwa mwana wophatikizidwa ndi chikhalidwe chobadwa nacho komanso moyo wosayenera wochokera pakudya kopanda thanzi komanso kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Kunenepa kwambiri kumawerengedwa kuti ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zoyambitsa matenda a hyperglycemia.

Zizindikiro

Njira yayikulu yodziwira hyperglycemia inali ndipo imakhalabe muyeso wa shuga m'magazi: nthawi zosiyanasiyana masana, pamimba komanso pamimba yopanda kanthu. Kupima mkodzo wa shuga kungakhale kopanda tsankho, chifukwa chakuti shuga simalumikizana nthawi zonse ndi kuchuluka kwa kukhazikika kwake m'magazi. Mu ma labotale, dziko la hyperglycemic limatsimikiza kugwiritsa ntchito GTT - mayeso a kulolera glucose. Chofunikira chake ndi kuyeza mulingo wa shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu, kenako katatu mkati mwamaola awiri pambuyo pokhazikitsidwa kwa glucose wambiri m'thupi (pakamwa kapena kudzera m'mitsempha).

Mphamvu yowunikira imatilola kuti tizitha kuyesa momwe thupi liyenera kuyankhira komanso kuthana ndi hyperglycemia, pomwe kuzindikirika kwa mitengo yapamwamba (malinga ndi tebulo) kumapereka chifukwa chodziwira matenda ashuga. Mtsogolomo, wodwalayo azitha kuzindikira payekha matenda a hyperglycemic, pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer kunyumba - chipangizo cholondola chopenda bwino chomwe chimasanthula kuchuluka kwa shuga mu dontho la magazi pogwiritsa ntchito mzere wowayeza.

Chithandizo cha Hyperglycemia

Chithandizo cha hyperglycemia, komanso chithandizo chazadzidzidzi cha hyperglycemic coma, ziyenera kuperekedwa mwachidwi. Izi kupewa kupewa zovuta ndi zotsatirapo zovuta. Odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa chilichonse chomwe angagwiritse ntchito, zomwe ayenera kudya, komanso ngati njira zina zochiritsira zimaperekedwa.

Kusamalira mwadzidzidzi

Ndikofunikira kuyeza shuga ngati magazi oyamba kupereka chisamaliro cha hyperglycemic. Ngati ili pamwamba pa 14 mmol, wodwalayo amafunika kupereka insulin ndikupereka madzi ambiri. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti:

• miyezo ya shuga imatengedwa pakatha mphindi 120 zilizonse, ndipo insulini imabayidwa mpaka kukhazikika kwa shuga m'magazi,
• odwala matenda ashuga omwe shuga ya magazi ake sichachilendo amayenera kugonekedwa m'chipatala (chifukwa cha acidosis, vuto la kupuma limayamba),
• pochotsa acetone kuchokera mthupi, chithandizo choyamba cha hyperglycemia chimaphatikizapo kutsuka m'mimba ndi yankho la sodium bicarbonate (koloko),
• odwala osagwirizana ndi insulin omwe ali ndi vuto la hyperglycemic (precoma) amalimbikitsidwa kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa acidity. Kuti muchite izi, idyani masamba ndi zipatso zambiri, madzi amchere,
• thandizo loyamba pankhani yochepetsa acidity imatha kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zakumwa zosungunuka m'madzi (awiri tsp pa 200 ml).

Nthawi zambiri ndi acidosis, wodwalayo amatha kukumbukira. Ma enema okhala ndi yankho la sopo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupatsa munthu chidwi. Ngati zili zabwino, chikomokere m'matenda a shuga chimayandikira kwambiri, khungu limakhala louma komanso loyipa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupukuta wodwalayo ndi thaulo yonyowa pokonza, makamaka pamphumi, mikono, khosi, ndi dera pansi pa mawondo.

Ndikofunika kwambiri kuganizira kuti thupi lopanda madzi lidzafunika kuti madzi aziziriranso. Komabe, ngati munthu wafota, kuthira madzi mkamwa mwake ndikosavomerezeka, chifukwa amatha kutsamwitsidwa.

Ngati sizotheka kukhazikika kwa shuga pasanathe ola limodzi, imbani ambulansi. Kwa ana ndi okalamba, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchita izi nthawi yomweyo. Kwa mwana, chisamaliro chadzidzidzi cha kukomoka kwa hyperglycemic sikusiyana ndi zochitika za akulu.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo cha hyperglycemia chimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana, mndandanda womwe umaphatikizapo Metformin, sulfonylureas ndi ena ambiri. Amangopatula chizindikiro chilichonse cha kukomoka kwa hyperglycemic, komanso amakulolani kusintha thupi kuti lizilimbitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, titha kulankhula za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwamaundulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulin ikulimbikitse ndikumangiriza ma receptors enaake.

Chithandizo cha hyperglycemic coma chitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones komanso, insulin. Sankhani algorithm ogwiritsa ntchito ndalama, mitundu yeniyeni imatha kuchitidwa ndi katswiri. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kudya ndi gawo lofunikira la mankhwala.

Zakudya za hyperglycemia

Zakudya zochiritsira, kusintha kwa zakudya kumatha kukwaniritsa zizindikiritso za shuga. Akatswiri amalipira chidwi chakuti:

• kuletsa kwachulukidwe kabwino ndikofunikira
• ziyenera kudyedwa m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, pafupifupi kasanu mpaka sikisi patsiku. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti kuchuluka kwa chakudya sikokwanira, ndiye kuti, sikumapangitsa kupsinjika kwakuthupi,
• nyama ndi nsomba zimayenera kusankhidwa zokhazokha, motero, kuzikongoletsa ndizosavomerezeka. Kusoka, kuwira ndi kuphika, m'malo mwake, kumangokulitsa thanzi,
• masamba ayenera kukhala gawo lofunikira la zakudya, liyenera kupezeka tsiku lililonse muzakudya. Amathandizira kapena kuwotcha zosaphika
• mafuta athanzi amakhala ndi nsomba, mafuta a nsomba, mtedza ndi mafuta azomera.

Mutha kudya chimanga chosiyanasiyana, kupatula mpunga. Sizoletsedwa kudya zipatso zina, mwachitsanzo, nthochi ndi mphesa, komanso maswiti. Kuti mupeze dongosolo la zakudya, ndikulimbikitsidwa kufunsa katswiri.

Njira zina

Chithandizo cha hyperglycemia chitha kupititsidwa patsogolo chifukwa cha zolimbitsa thupi (zolimbitsa thupi), njira yoyenera yogwiritsira ntchito zigawo za vitamini, madzi. Ponena za zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, amalabadira kuti ayenera kukhala odziletsa, mwachitsanzo, kuyenda kwa theka la ola lathunthu kapena masewera olimbitsa thupi m'mawa. Ndikofunika kuti musamadzaze katundu wofooka kale. Pankhaniyi, zizindikiro za hyperglycemia sizowonetsedwa ndi mphamvu yotere.

Vitamini ma protein amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhazikitsa shuga wambiri komanso pokhapokha zakudya komanso momwe amadwala matenda ashuga. Pankhaniyi, chithandizo cha matendawa chidzakhala chokwanira.

Njira zopewera

Kupewa kwa hyperglycemia kumatanthauza kukhazikitsa kuyang'anira shuga m'magazi. Ndikofunikira kuchita jakisoni wokhazikika wa insulin, kuphatikiza mwaluso masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi pulogalamu yazakudya. Potengera kapewedwe, ndikofunikira kusewera masewera ndikukhala ndi moyo wakhama, chifukwa masewera olimbitsa thupi "amawotcha" glucose owonjezera m'magazi.

Zotsatira ndi zovuta

Hyperglycemic coma imatha kuphatikizidwa ndi zovuta zina komanso zovuta zake. Akatswiri amatenga chidwi ndi mwayi wopanga zinthu zotsatirazi popanda kupatsidwa chithandizo choyenera kapena panthawi yake:

• hyperglycemic chikomokere,
• matenda a mtima minofu ndi mitsempha,
• kukulira impso ntchito,
• kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, pang'onopang'ono kumayambitsa kuphwanya kwakukulu.

Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatira za hyperglycemia zimatha kuphatikizidwa ndi matenda amaso ndi m'kamwa. Mavuto amtundu wautali wa matenda amakula ndikukula msanga. Ndiye chifukwa chake ndizosatheka kukana chithandizo cha matendawa, ndikofunikira kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito mokwanira komanso munthawi yake.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hyperglycemia ndi mfundo zithandizo zoyambirira

Hyperglycemia ndimatenda a thupi momwe shuga yowonjezera imawonedwa m'magazi (mwachidziwitso mu seramu yake).

Kupatuka kofananira kumasiyanasiyana kuchokera kofatsa, pomwe mulingo umadutsa pafupifupi nthawi 2, mpaka kwambiri - x10 kapena kupitirira.

Kuopsa kwa matenda

Mankhwala amakono amasiyanitsa madigiri asanu a kuvuta kwa hyperglycemia, komwe kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga wa seramu komwe kumadutsa:

1. kuyambira 6.7 mpaka 8.2 mmol - wofatsa,
2. 8.3-11 mmol - pafupifupi,
3. oposa 11.1 mmol - lolemera,
4. kuchuluka kwa ma seramu oposa mamilimita 16.5 amachititsa shuga.
5. Kukhalapo kwa magazi a shuga woposa mamilimita 55,5 kumabweretsa kukomoka kwa hyperosmolar.

Zizindikiro zolembedwazo zimawonekera modabwitsa ndipo zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera momwe thupi lawonekera. Mwachitsanzo, amasiyana mwa anthu omwe avulala kagayidwe kazakudya.

Momwemonso, chimawerengedwa ngati chisonyezero kuchokera 3,3 mpaka 5.5 mmol pa lita imodzi.

Zoyambitsa Zokhazikika za Hyperglycemia

Zomwe zimayambitsa hyperglycemia ndizosiyanasiyana. Mitu ikuluikulu ndi:

• syndromes yowawa kwambiri yomwe imapangitsa kuti thupi lipange kwambiri kuchuluka kwa thyroxine ndi adrenaline,
• kutaya magazi ambiri,
• mimba
• kuperewera kwa malingaliro,
• kusowa kwa mavitamini C ndi B1,
• Zakudya zamafuta ambiri
• zosokoneza pakupanga mahomoni.

Ponena mwachindunji chifukwa chachikulu cha hyperglycemia (biochemistry), ndiye imodzi yokha - kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya. Hyperglycemia imadziwika kwambiri ndi matenda ena - matenda ashuga.

Mwakutero, kupezeka kwa chikhalidwe chogwirizana panthawi yomwe matenda omwe sanapezeke nawo atha kuwonetsa komwe adachokera. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe akukumana ndi matenda amtunduwu amalimbikitsidwa kuti apimidwe mokwanira.

Vuto la kudya limatha kupangitsa kukhalapo kwa matenda omwe amafunsidwa.

Makamaka, anthu omwe ali ndi bulimia amanosa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a shuga, momwe munthu amakhala ndi vuto lamphamvu la njala, chifukwa chake amadya chakudya chochuluka kwambiri.

Thupi silingathe kulimbana ndi izi, zomwe zimabweretsa shuga. Hyperglycemia imawonedwanso ndi kupsinjika kwapafupipafupi. Zotsatira za kafukufuku wambiri zikuwonetsa kuti anthu omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto amisala amatha kukumana ndi shuga ochulukirapo mu seramu yamagazi awo.

Kuphatikiza apo, kukhalapo kwa hyperglycemia kumatha kuchititsa chidwi cha stroko komanso kugunda kwamtima, komanso kuwonjezera mwayi woti wodwalayo amwalira. Kuwona kofunikira: zomwe zimayambitsa kusala kudya kwa hyperglycemia ndizomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezedwa. Kupatula kokha zovuta za m'magulu pakupanga mahomoni.

Vutoli limathanso kuchitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena ake.

Makamaka, ndi zotsatira zoyipa za antidepressants, proteinase inhibitors ndi antitumor mankhwala.

Tsopano za mahomoni omwe amayambitsa hyperglycemia.

Chochititsa chachikulu kwambiri cha hyperglycemia ndi insulin, yomwe imayang'anira shuga m'thupi. Kuchuluka kapena kusakwanira kumabweretsa shuga wambiri. Chifukwa chake, mahomoni otchedwa hyperglycemia amakula m'matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri.

Tsopano pakuchulukitsa komwe mahomoni angayambitse hyperglycemia. Izi ndi zinthu zofunikira za chithokomiro. Thupi likatulutsa mahomoni ochulukirapo otere, kumachitika vuto la kagayidwe kazakudya, kamene kamayambitsa shuga. Matendawa amathandizanso shuga. Amatulutsa: zogonana zogwira ntchito, adrenaline ndi glucocorticoids.

Zakalezo ndizoyimira mapuloteni kagayidwe, ndipo, makamaka, zimachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa amino acid. Kuchokera pamenepo, thupi limatulutsa shuga. Chifukwa chake, ngati pali mahomoni ambiri ogonana, izi zimatha kubweretsa hyperglycemia.

Glucocorticoids ndi mahomoni omwe amalipira zotsatira za insulin. Zikalephera pakupanga kwake, zosokoneza mu kagayidwe kazakudya zimatha kuchitika.

Adrenaline amagwiranso ntchito ngati chopinga pakupanga glucocorticoids, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwake kapena kuchepa kwake kungakhudze shuga. Kwambiri pazifukwa izi, kupsinjika kumatha kuyambitsa hyperglycemia.

Ndipo chinthu chinanso chachikulu: hypothalamus ndiyo imapangitsa ntchito ya adrenaline. Mkulu wa glucose akatsika, amatumiza chizindikiro choyenera kwa tiziwalo tamadontho totulutsa adrenal, kulandira komwe kumayambitsa kumasulidwa kwa kuchuluka kwa adrenaline.

Chizindikiro cha matenda amtunduwu ndizosiyanasiyana ndipo zimatengera kuchuluka kwa kukwera kwa shuga, komanso machitidwe a thupi la wodwalayo.

Pali zizindikiro zazikulu ziwiri zomwe zimawoneka nthawi zonse pamene hyperglycemia imachitika.

Choyamba - ili ndi ludzu lalikulu - thupi likuyesera kuthana ndi shuga wowonjezera mwakuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi. Chizindikiro chachiwiri - kukodza pafupipafupi - thupi limayesetsa kuchotsa shuga wambiri.

Munthu amene wakula kwambiri wa hyperglycemia amathanso kumva kutopa kosatheka ndi kutayika kwa chidwi. Mkhalidwe wa epidermis nthawi zambiri umasintha - umakhala wouma, womwe umayambitsa kuyabwa ndi mavuto ochiritsa mabala. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala zosokoneza mu ntchito ya mtima.

Ndi shuga wambiri, kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima kumachitika. Wodwalayo amatha kusefukira ndi kukomoka. Pang'onopang'ono munthu wina akakumana ndi vuto, amatha.

Kuwonongeka kwa nthawi yayitali kwa hyperglycemia kumapangitsa kuti munthu achepetse thupi.

Thandizo loyamba ndi chithandizo

Matenda a shuga amawopa mankhwalawa, ngati moto!

Muyenera kungolemba ...

Mukazindikira zizindikiritso zoyambirira za vutoli, muyenera kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera.

Ngati mulingo wa shuga uli pansipa 14, simuyenera kuchita chilichonse mwapadera - ndikwanira kupatsa thupi madzi ofunikira (pafupifupi lita imodzi kwa ola limodzi).

Kenako muyenera kumawerengera nthawi iliyonse kapena ngati vuto likuipiraipira. Kupezeka kwamadzi kumatha kukhala kovuta chifukwa chofooka kapena kufinya wodwalayo.

Zikatero, nkoletsedwa kuthira madzi mkamwa mokakamiza, chifukwa chifukwa cha izi, atha kulowa kwambiri m'mimba yopuma chifukwa chotsatira munthu ameneyo amatsamwitsidwa. Pali njira imodzi yokha yotumizira - kuitana kwadzidzidzi. Pamene akuyenda, wodwalayo ayenera kupanga malo abwino kwambiri.Ngati mafuta a glucose aposa 14 mmol pa lita imodzi, muyenera kupaka insulin mu mlingo womwe waperekedwa.

Kupanga mankhwala kuyenera kupitilira mu 90-120 mphindi mpaka mkhalidwe.

Ndi hyperglycemia, kuchuluka kwa acetone pafupifupi kumatuluka mthupi - kumayenera kutsitsidwa.

Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuchita zam'mimba pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe mukufuna, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya sopo (5-10 magalamu a lita imodzi).

Munthu akakumana ndi hyperglycemia koyamba, ayenera kupita kuchipatala kuti akathandizike. Pokhapokha ngati pali zoyenera, wodwalayo amatha kukumana ndi zovuta zina mthupi. Zingayambitsenso kuwonjezeka kwa shuga wa plasma, komwe kumatha kubweretsa kukomoka.

Makanema okhudzana nawo

Zizindikiro ndi mfundo zothandizira pa hyperglycemia:

Chipatala chichita mayeso athunthu, ndikuwona zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndikuwapatsa chithandizo choyenera. Mankhwalawa pawokha amathandizira pazinthu ziwiri: kusunga magwiridwe antchito amthupi ndikuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Choyamba, nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizanso kuyambitsa insulini (pafupipafupi kapena panthawi yowonjezera).

Gawo la matenda ashuga a m'mimba, zomwe zimadziwika. Thandizo loyamba la hyperglycemia, chizindikiro cha matenda a shuga obwera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulin ya m'madzi m'thupi la munthu komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia, mankhwala ake.

Kutumiza ntchito yanu yabwino pamaziko azidziwitso ndikosavuta. Gwiritsani ntchito mawonekedwe pansipa

Ophunzira, ophunzira omaliza, asayansi achichepere omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso m'maphunziro awo ndi ntchito adzayamika kwambiri.

Wolemba http://www.allbest.ruinik

Wolemba http://www.allbest.ruinik

Unduna wa Maphunziro ndi Sayansi

Federal State Budgetary Sukulu Yophunzitsa Maphunziro Akuluakulu

Russian State University for the Humanities

Institute of Information Science ndi Security Technologies

Gulu Lotsogola Kwazidziwitso ndi Chitetezo

hyperglycemia shuga insulin shuga

"Chithandizo choyamba cha hyperglycemia ndi hypoglycemia"

Chidule cha mwambo "Chitetezo cha Moyo"

Ophunzira anthawi zonse a 3rd

Savostyanova Olga Pavlovna

Thandizo loyamba la hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda ashuga. Matenda a shuga amapezeka ndi kuchepa kwa insulin ya m'thupi mwa munthu ndi kukweza shuga m'magazi. Kuperewera kwa insulini kumabweretsa kudzikundikira kwa matupi a ketone (acidosis). Diabetesic acidosis imayamba, yomwe imakhala ndi magawo atatu:

Mu magawo oyamba akuwonekera kwa acidosis, wodwalayo amadandaula chifukwa cha kufooka, kutopa, kusowa kwa chakudya, tinnitus kapena kulira, nthawi zambiri pamakhala kusokonezeka kapena kupweteka m'mimba, ludzu lamkati, kuyamwa kumachitika pafupipafupi, munthu amanunkhira acetone kuchokera mkamwa mwa munthu. Kuyeza kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonetsa kuyandikira kwake pafupifupi 19 mmol / L.

Gawo la matenda okhudzana ndi matenda ashuga: munthu amadwaladwala, kusanza kumachitika, ndipo kufooka kwawonjezereka kumawonjezera chikumbumtima ndi kupenya. Wodwalayo amapuma komanso amakhala ndi fungo la ndende, manja ndi mapazi ake zikuyamba kuzizira. Mukapanda kuthandiza munthu, adzayamba kudwala matenda ashuga.

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kupanga muyeso wa shuga. Ngati chizindikirocho ndi chachikulu kuposa 14 mmol / l, odwala omwe akudalira insulin amafunika kulowetsedwa ndi insulin ndikuwapatsa madzi ambiri. Koma izi ndizoyenera ngati wodwala ali ndi glucometer naye.

Kuti muchotse acetone kuchokera mthupi, muyenera kutsuka m'mimba yanu: kumwa kapu yamadzi yophika ndi sopo.

Tiyenera kukumbukira: chamoyo chopanda madzi chimayenera kubwezeretsedwanso ndi madzi. Koma ngati munthu wafota, ndikosatheka kuthira madzi mkamwa mwake, monga momwe angatsamwire.

Pafupipafupi, kolimba yofooka.

Kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkamwa.

Kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima.

Kupuma kwambiri.

Dokotala asanafike, ndikofunikira kuti ampatse madzi amadzimadzi kuti pasakhale madzi am'madzi.

Ngati wodwala amatha kulumikizana, onetsetsani kuti mwamufunsa kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe angafunike kupatsa (odwala matenda ashuga, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi insulin komanso syringe nawo).

Popanda kuchitira mankhwala a hyperglycemia, wodwalayo amagwa chikomokere ndi kufa.

Thandizo loyamba la hypoglycemia

matenda a shuga a hyperglycemia hypoglycemia

Mkhalidwe wa hypoglycemic ndi shuga wotsika kwa magazi. Matenda a hyperglycemic amatha kuchitika mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga ngati mankhwala a insulini adapitilira kapena mankhwala ochulukitsa a shuga atagwiritsidwa ntchito. Monga lamulo, izi zitha kuchitika ngati mutaba jakisoni popanda kudya kapena kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga ndipo musadye.

Kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima, kukomoka.

Misewu yamagetsi ndiowonekera komanso yaulere.

Wovutikayo amapuma mofulumira komanso mosaya.

Kufooka, kugona, chizungulire, njala, mantha, kusilira kwa khungu, thukuta labodza limawonedwa.

Kuwona, zowonera komanso zowoneka, kukokana, kunjenjemera, komanso kusokonezeka kwa minofu.

1. Ngati wozunzidwayo akufuna, mupatseni mpumulo.

2. Imwani wodwalayo ndi zakumwa za shuga, maswiti, makeke okoma, bar. M'malo mwa shuga sichingathandize.

3. Mukamapereka chithandizo choyambirira, perekani wodwalayo mtendere kufikira vutolo likubwerera.

4. Ngati wodwala sadziwa chilichonse, ayikeni pamalo otetezeka, itanani dokotala ndipo amuthandize. Khalani okonzekera mtima wokonzanso.

Yolembedwa pa Allbest.ru

Zolemba zofananira

Mitundu ya matenda a shuga, kupewa kwake ndi zovuta zake. Kufunika kwachipatala kwa metabolic syndrome. Amayambitsa hypoglycemia ndi hyperglycemia mu shuga. Zizindikiro za ketoacidosis, matenda ashuga nephropathy ndi neuropathy. Dongosolo la mankhwala.

Zoyimira 5.1 M, zidawonjezeredwa 03/09/2013

Matenda a pancreatic. Ntchito ya insulin mu kagayidwe. Chinsinsi cha mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, chipatala ndi njira zodziwira, zovuta, chithandizo. Zowopsa. Zizindikiro za hyperglycemia ndi hypoglycemia. Mankhwala zochita za metformin.

Fotokozani 3.7 M, onjezedwa 08/23/2016

Lingaliro la exo native hypoglycemia, zomwe zimayambitsa kupezeka m'magulu azaka zingapo komanso njira yothandizira. Njira ndi kuopsa kwa hypoglycemia chifukwa cha insulin, njira zake zopewera. Choyamba thandizo kwa yokumba hypoglycemia.

Fotokozani 23.0 K, onjezedwa 05/21/2009

Mfundo zoyenera kuchitira odwala matenda ashuga. Mayendedwe a akatswiri pantchito ya namwino wa dipatimenti ya endocrinology. Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia ndi matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis. Malangizo oyendetsera insulin. Zolemba za odwala matenda ashuga, kuikidwa kwa glucometer.

chiwonetsero cha 1,7 M, chowonjezera 03/18/2017

Mitundu ya matenda ashuga. Kukula kwa zovuta zoyambira ndi sekondale. Kupatuka mu shuga. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za hyperglycemia. Pachimake zovuta matenda. Zoyambitsa ketoacidosis. Mlingo wa insulin. Beta cell secretion ya islets ya Langerhans.

Abstract 23,9 K, anawonjezera 11/25/2013

Makhalidwe azomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi kupezeka kwa matenda opatsirana akuluakulu amtundu wa anthu malinga ndi kayendedwe kazomwe kagayidwe ndi komwe gwero lake limayambira. Zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana komanso thandizo loyamba. Njira zopewera komanso zochizira.

Abstract 38.3 K, owonjezera Novembara 20, 2014

Lingaliro lalikulu la zakumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Zizindikiro ndi magawo a zakumwa zoledzera. Zowopsa komanso zowopsa m'moyo wamavuto akumwa zoledzeretsa. Thandizo loyamba la poyizoni. Poizoni ndimalo oledzera. Njira zina zochizira.

Abstract 27.2 K, owonjezera 11/14/2010

Tanthauzo ndi gulu la shuga mellitus - matenda amtundu wa endocrine omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulin. Zomwe zimayambitsa, Zizindikiro, chipatala, Pathogenesis ya shuga. Kuzindikira, kuchiza komanso kupewa matenda.

chiwonetsero cha 374.7 K, kuwonjezera 12.25.2014

Kuopsa kwa hyperglycemia ndi chizindikiro cha matenda chosonyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga (glucose) m'mwazi wa magazi poyerekeza ndi chizolowezi. Nkhani yovuta kwambiri ya hyperglycemia popanda chifukwa. Zipangizo zoyesa mulingo wa shuga - glucometer.

Mawonetsero a 492.0 K, anawonjezera 12.24.2014

Zizindikiro zokhala ndi kangaude, mitundu ya zilonda pakhungu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya izo. Thandizo loyamba la njoka. Kuchotsa nkhupakupa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosinthika. Thandizo loyamba la nyerere kuluma, kufunika kwa antihistamines kapena mafuta a hydrocortisone.

Zoyimira 1.6 M, zowonjezera pa 6 December, 2016

Ntchito zamagulu osungirako zakale zimapangidwa mwaluso malinga ndi zofunikira zamayunivesite ndipo zimakhala ndi zojambula, zojambula, mawonekedwe, etc.
Mafayilo a PPT, PPTX ndi PDF amawonetsedwa pazakale.
Analimbikitsa kutsitsa ntchitoyi.

Gulu la matenda

Pali magawo ofewa komanso owopsa a matendawa, koma aliwonse ali ndi zingapo zomwe zimadziwika:

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• kuphwanya mgwirizano
• nseru
• chizungulire, mpaka kuwonongeka.
• thukuta lozizira
• kuchuluka kwa mtima.

Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zimatha kuwongoleredwa ndi shuga komanso kukonzekera kwa dextrose, omwe amatchedwa shuga m'mimba otentha.

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Kuchepetsa usiku magazi

Nocturnal hypoglycemia ndi kuchepa kwa shuga wamagazi 3 koloko m'mawa. Nthawi zambiri chimakhala chosazindikirika kwanthawi yayitali, motero chimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwa maselo aubongo.

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Imadziwulula ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

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• kutopa kwanthawi zonse
• tuluka thukuta usiku,
• kunjenjemera mu loto
• maloto oyipa
• glucose m'mawa 11.9 mmol / l kapena kuposa.

Ngati chowonadi cha nocturnal hypoglycemia chakhazikitsidwa m'mawa, ndikofunika kuyesa shuga usiku.

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Zomwe zimayambitsa usiku hypoglycemia

Kugwa kwadzidzidzi kwamisempha ya glucose kumachitika motsutsana ndi maziko a shuga ochepa patsiku logona (osakwana 5.9 mmol / L). Ngati madzulo odwala matenda ashuga amalandira insulin yambiri.

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Kuphatikiza apo, matenda amapezeka:

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1. Potengera maziko a kuchedwetsa poyizoni.
2. Poyerekeza ndi kumbuyo kwa zolimbitsa thupi usiku.

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Hypoglycemia usiku nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoyambitsa kumangidwa kwamtima m'maloto, zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi stroko. Popanda chithandizo, ana amakhala ndi vuto lotere.

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Achibale ndi abwenzi a munthu amene akudwala matenda obwera chifukwa cha usiku amayenera kutsatira zikwangwani za usiku zakuchepetsa shuga m'magazi, monga kutuluka thukuta kwambiri komanso kusowa tulo.

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Matenda a m'mawa akutsika

Morning bout of hypoglycemia ndi shuga wamagazi osakwana 2,5 mmol / L.

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Vutoli lili ndi izi:

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• kuzindikira kwakhungu mwadzidzidzi mutadzuka,
• thukuta lozizira
• kutayika kwa mgwirizano
• kuyerekezera
• mutu
• nseru

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Hypoglycemia wokhazikika wa m'mawa imatha kuwonetsa matenda monga insulinoma. Uwu ndi chotupa chovuta mu ma cell a kapamba amatchedwa islets of Langerhans.

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Ndi insulinoma, maselo opanga insulin amayamba kugwira ntchito mwachisawawa ndikupanga insulini mwachisawawa.

Kulimbikira kwa hypoglycemic

Kuopsa kwa vuto la hypoglycemic nthawi zonse ndikuti kuti athetse zizindikiro zake monga kugona komanso kutopa, munthu amayamba kudya shuga wambiri.

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Mwanjira imeneyi, kapamba amayamba kupanga kuchuluka kwa insulini. Zakudya zoterezi zimapangika pang'onopang'ono kukhala ndi insulin yolimbana ndi maselo amthupi, omwe amayambitsa matenda a shuga a 2.

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Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kudya moyenera, muphatikiza chakudya chopatsa mphamvu komanso mapuloteni ambiri muzakudya. Samalani masewera olimbitsa thupi, kugona mokwanira.

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Mfundo za chitukuko cha dziko la hyperglycemic

Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachitika mwa odwala matenda ashuga. Kusala kudya kwa hyperglycemia kumafuna kuwunika ndi dokotala: ndikofunikira kusinthitsa kawirikawiri mlingo wa insulin.

Magazi a shuga amawongoleredwa ndi mahomoni anayi:

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• insulini, yomwe imaphwanya shuga,
• amylin, yomwe imalepheretsa shuga kutuluka m'magazi mutatha kudya,
• glucagon, wokhudzana ndi kuwonongeka kwa glucose kuchokera ku minofu ndi chiwindi.
• ma protein omwe amapangidwa ndi matumbo ndikuchepetsa kutulutsa shuga m'magazi.

Kupanga kwa chitukuko cha njira ya hyperglycemic sikuti ndikungoperewera kwa insulin, komanso amylin. Chifukwa chake, pali shuga wambiri m'mawa.

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Zizindikiro za vuto la hyperglycemic

Zizindikiro zofunikira kwambiri zotere zimatsimikiziridwa molondola:

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• kukodza pafupipafupi
• ludzu losalekeza, ngakhale ndimamwa pafupipafupi,
• mutu
• kuwonda kwambiri.

Masewera a shuga m'magazi akapitilira 16 mmol / l, mkhalidwe wa hyperglycemic coma ukayamba. Matenda oopsa a hyperglycemia ndi omwe amachititsa kuchepa kwa kuwona, komanso kusintha kwa njira zamankhwala am'magazi mkati mwa mantha am'kati.

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Mawa hyperglycemia

Mbali yachiwiri ya shuga yomwe imagwera usiku ndi hyperglycemia yam'mawa. Kudandaula koteroko ndi chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga, pamene kuchuluka kwa insulin kumafika pachimake patatha maola 8 osadya.

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Pali maupangiri ena ochepetsa shuga m'mawa ndikuchotsa zizindikiro za matendawa:

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1. Konzani chakudya chamkati usiku, chomwe chingalepheretse kutsika kwa shuga, komanso kuchuluka kwake m'mawa.
2. Muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
3. Khazikitsani zakudya zoyenera.
4. Imwani mankhwala kuti muchepetse shuga.

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Mwanjira yosavuta motere, mutha kuchedwetsa shuga ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito insulin.

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Memo wa chithandizo choyamba cha hypo- ndi hyperglycemia

Kuti mupereke chithandizo choyenera kwa munthu amene ali ndi shuga kapena magazi ochepa, muyenera:

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1. Ikani mbali yake bwino.
2. Pangani kuyesedwa kwa shuga ndi glucometer.
3. Mupatseni mankhwala ofunikira: kukonzekera kwa glucose kapena jekeseni wa insulin.
4. Imbani ambulansi.

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Kuchita zinthu zosavuta motere kungachepetse chiopsezo cha zovuta: kukomoka komanso kusinthika kwa nthawi yayitali.