Kodi vuto la matenda oopsa ndi zotsatirapo zake ndi lotani?

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Zomwe muyenera kudziwa

Munda wamankhwala womwe umasanthula maso, mphamvu zake, thupi

Sayansi ya kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya endocrine glands

Kafukufuku wa Matenda Aberekera Wamkazi

Gawo lokwanira lamankhwala lomwe limafufuza mtima wamunthu

Kukula kwa mwana mpaka chaka chatha miyezi, thanzi, chisamaliro

Nthawi yodabwitsa kwambiri, nthawi yopezeka, kukula

Kukula kwa ana, zolemba pamutu, magawo a kakulidwe ka ana

Kodi mwana ayenera kuphunzira chiyani, ndi ziti zomwe zikuwonetsa kukula?

Zonse zachitetezo cham'nyumba: kukonza, kukonza mkati, mipando, feng shui

Mafotokozedwe a zakudya padziko lonse lapansi ndi maphikidwe

Chilichonse pa zomwe zimamera, chimanga ndi kubereka

Kusunga pakhomo sikuchapa chabe, kuchapa, kusisita ndi kuphika. Kupanga coziness ndi chitonthozo

Pokonzekera banja kuti mutenge mwana wathanzi

Makalendala oyembekezera, mayeso, zakudya, maphunziro olimbitsa thupi

Momwe kubadwa kumachitikira - zomwe mayi woyembekezera ayenera kudziwa za kubereka

Inde, moyo umasintha pambuyo pobadwa kwa mwana, koma sikutha

Chosangalatsa cha banja lonse

Mabuku ambiri adalembedwa za nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, nthawi yovuta kwambiri iyi m'moyo wa mayi, onse olemba akunja komanso owerengera. Sichinsinsi kuti chidziwitso chomwe chili m'mabukuwa chimangolembedwa chokha (kubereka komanso kubereka ana ndizofanana zanthawi yofanana ndi moyo womwewo, ndipo ndizosatheka kunena china chatsopano pamlingo wodziwika), kusiyana kwake kumakhala mu tsatanetsatane wa kufotokozedwaku, kapena momwe nkhaniyi imathandizidwira.

Tikupanga tsamba lathu mwanjira yoti mayi amene akuyembekezera kubadwa kwa mwana, ndiye kuti mayi woyembekezera akalandira tsamba lino ali ndi mwayi wodziwa zomwe zikuchitika mthupi lake pamene mayi akutenga pakati, mwezi ndi sabata, patatha sabata ...

Momwe mimba imachitikira, zomwe zimachitika pambuyo pake, momwe mluza umakulira, kusintha komwe kumachitika mthupi la mayi, zovuta zake komanso nthawi yanji yomwe ikhoza kumuvutitsa, momwe mungalimbane ndi zovuta izi - mayiyo apeza mayankho okwanira a mafunso awa ndi ena ambiri patsamba lathu.

Sitinathe kunyalanyaza nthawi yonse yobereka komanso nthawi yobereka - m'magawo ang'onoang'ono tinayikira zofunikira kwambiri, komanso malangizo omwe angathandize mzimayi kusamutsa nthawi zotere. Tikukhulupirira kuti alendo onse obwera tsambali sadzakhala ndi mavuto akulu ndi thanzi lawo komanso thanzi la ana awo, ndipo tsamba lathu, lomwe mudali ndi chipiriro kuwona mpaka chimaliziro, lidzakuthandizani ndi izi.

Mimba ndi chikhalidwe chabwino kwambiri, chomwe chimafuna njira yapadera ndi kuwongoleredwa ndi akatswiri. Kutembenukira kwa dokotala ndikulembetsa, azimayi ambiri oyembekezera sadziwa ngakhale zazikulu zomwe makolo amafunikira mtsogolo.

Tinakwanitsa kukupezerani chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri kwa makolo amtsogolo:

Kukonzekera kubereka, zoopsa zomwe zingachitike.
Ndandanda komanso pafupipafupi kukaonana ndi madokotala.
Kusanthula kofunikira ndikutanthauzira kwawo.
Zopatsa thanzi zama amayi amtsogolo.
Kupewa matenda enieni (mwachitsanzo, mitsempha ya varicose, kuchepa magazi, ma hemorrhoids, etc.).
Zonse zakubadwa kwa akazi, kufunika kothandizira amayi omwe ali pantchito kuyambira theka lachiwiri.

Apa mupezapo chidziwitso chothandiza pokhudzana ndi kusamalira mwana wakhanda, werengani za momwe mwana amakhudzidwira pathupi ndi m'maganizo, phunzirani za dongosolo la katemera ndi kufunikira kwake.

Upangiri wothandiza ndi malingaliro omwe afalitsidwa patsamba lamasamba athu zingakuthandizeni kukhazikitsa ndi kusunga ubale wanu ndi mwana wanu atabadwa mwana, chifukwa ndi miyezi yoyamba yomwe imakhala yovuta kwa mabanja ambiri.

Zotsatira za vuto lalikulu kwambiri

Odwala akufuna kudziwa zomwe zingakhale zovuta kukhala zowopsa? Ubongo ndi impso zimatha kuwonongeka ndikupsinjika kwambiri. Zida zaubongo zimakulanso ndi kukhathamira kowopsa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, komwe kumalola madziwo kulowa mkati mwa minofu yoyandikana ndikupangitsa kutupa. Zimatha kubweretsanso kutulutsa magazi m'matumbo.

Mu impso, kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa minofu ndikupanga ma magazi m'mitsempha yama impso. Chifukwa chothinikizidwa kwambiri, chiwalochi chimawonongeka kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziletso ziziyenda bwino kwambiri, zomwe zimatchedwa kulephera kwa impso. Kulephera kwamphamvu kwa ziwalo zambiri kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa posachedwa kuti kupewa kuwonongeka kwakutali.

Ndi chikhalidwe chopanda magazi, mtima nawonso umavutika kwakukulu. Ngati mtima sungathe kupopa magazi okwanira kupanikizika mu mtima, izi zimapangitsa kulephera kwamitsempha yamagazi. Vutoli limathanso kuyambitsa kupweteka pachifuwa komanso kulowetsedwa kwam'mnyewa. Kupanikizika kumatha kuchita zosiyanasiyana pa wodwala.

Kupsinjika kwakukulu kopanda kanthu kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta zingapo ndi njira yayitali. Odwala amadwala matenda a mtima, magazi amapita ku ubongo ndi impso. Matenda ena, monga matenda a shuga, nthawi zambiri amapezeka limodzi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Komanso, kuthamanga kwambiri kumabweretsa katundu wambiri pa CCC. Izi zimawonjezera ventricle wamanzere, zomwe zingayambitse kulephera kwa mtima.

Kuchulukitsa kwa magazi kumathandizanso kupanga mapangidwe a ma cell (atherosulinosis) m'mitsempha yama coronary komanso m'malo ena a thupi. Zizindikiro monga angina pectoris kapena vuto la mtima zingachitike. Kuchulukitsa kwa magazi kumawerengedwa kuti kumapangitsa kuti matenda a mtima apite patsogolo (CHD), momwe ziwiya zama coronary zimacheperachepera. Arteriossteosis imatha kudzetsa mavuto m'mitsempha. Mankhwala oopsa kwambiri amathandizanso kuti ngozi ya kukhazikika kwa khoma la aortic (aneurysm), imatha kuphulika ndikupangitsa magazi kuwopsa.

Atherosulinosis

Ubongo nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi: kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi komwe kungakhale koopsa kwambiri pakulimbana ndi stroke. Pafupifupi 70 peresenti ya ma stroke onse mwa anthu opitilira 65 amachitika chifukwa cha matenda oopsa.

Mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi amakhudzanso impso. Odwala amatha kukhala ndi matenda a impso (ochepa ochepa) kapena kulephera kwa impso. Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha matenda a nephropathy. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawononga ziwiya zazing'ono mu impso. Zotsatira zake, mbali zosiyanasiyana za impso zimafa. Ntchito ya impso yonse imachepa. Kuvulala kwa impso chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi chifukwa chachitatu chofala kwambiri chomwe anthu amafunikira dialysis (kutsuka magazi).

Momwe mungapewere zovuta

Njira zachipatala zokwanira komanso zothamangira zomwe zimachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo ndizofunikira kupulumutsa moyo wa wodwalayo komanso kuchepetsa zovuta.

Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwalawa kumatengera wodwala matenda omwe alipo kale komanso ziwalo zake zowonongeka ndi matenda oopsa. Chithandizo cha matenda osiyanasiyana chosiyanasiyana chimasiyana kwambiri. Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, muyenera kukambirana ndi dokotala.

Matenda oopsa oopsa

Ndi matenda oopsa, omwe tanthauzo lake silikuwononga chiwalo ndipo silimayambitsa magwiridwe antchito, kukakamizika kuyenera kuchepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono pasanathe maola 24. Kuchepetsa kwambiri kuthamanga kwa magazi kungayambitse kuchuluka kwa magazi. Kuti mupewe izi, mankhwala amaperekedwa pakamwa. Monga lamulo, kuchipatala sikofunikira kuchiza matenda osaneneka oopsa.

Matenda oopsa oopsa amakhala pachiwopsezo cha moyo momwe thandizo limafunikira mwachangu.Kutsogolo kwa chithandizo chamankhwala kumakhala kofulumira, koma kutsika kwamphamvu kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndimankhwala omwe amalowetsedwa kudzera mu mtsempha mwachindunji kulowa m'magazi. Kuchepetsa kwambiri kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo.

Chithandizo chiyenera kuyambitsidwa kunja kwa chipatala ndi dokotala wadzidzidzi. Atafika kuchipatala, odwala ayenera kuyang'aniridwa bwino.

Maola 4 oyambilira pambuyo poti chiwopsezo cha matenda oopsa, mfundozo ziyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi 20-25%, koma osatsika ndi 180/100 mm RT. Art. Ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi kuchepa kwambiri, izi zitha kuchititsa kuchepa kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo, impso, ndi mtima. M'tsogolomu, kuthamanga kwa magazi kuyenera kubweretsedwa pamlingo wa 160/100 mm RT. Art., Ngati wodwala ali wathanzi. Mlingo uwu uyenera kusungidwa kwa maola 12-24. Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, odwala amalandiranso mankhwala kuti athetse edema.

Kuchepetsa kulikonse mwadzidzidzi kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatha kudzetsa matenda a m'matumbo, coronary kapena aimpso, kapenanso orthostatic hypotension. Mwa anthu okalamba omwe ali ndi atherosulinosis, komanso odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amisala, izi ndizowopsa kwambiri.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi pafupifupi 25% mkati mwa mphindi 15-30. Nthawi zina, njira yovuta kwambiri imalimbikitsa. Mwachitsanzo, kuthamanga kwa magazi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la chithokomiro (magazi kapena kugunda kwa mtima) kuyenera kuchepa pang'onopang'ono maola angapo, pomwe kuthamanga kwa diastoli sikuyenera kutsika kuposa 100 mm Hg koyambirira. Komanso, pochiza, ndikofunikira kuganizira za zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndi zovuta zina.

M'mbuyomu, madokotala adachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a makolo pothana ndi vuto la matenda oopsa. Koma masiku ano, mankhwala akumwa amapezeka, zomwe zimayambanso mwachangu kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri, ndizovomerezeka kuyamba ndi mankhwala amkamwa. Mankhwala abwino amayenera kukhudzidwa pang'ono ndi mtima ndipo sayenera kutsogoleredwa ku vasodilation kwathunthu. Iyenera kutsitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kutengera magazi oyamba. Komabe, izi sizikhutira kwathunthu ndi mankhwala amakono.

Nifedipine ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa matenda oopsa. Nifedipine (kuyambira 3 mpaka 20 mg) adapereka kuchepa kwathamanga komanso kodalirika kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi mu 98% ya milandu m'maphunziro 21 otseguka omwe amapezeka mwa odwala 459 omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa.

Nifedipine

Orifedipine wamkamwa amamwetsedwa mosiyanasiyana. Zambiri zimatengera njira yoyendetsera mankhwalawa. Ikuwoneka kuti imagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri ngati kapepala kotulutsira kosatha. Zotsatira zake zimachitika mkati mwa mphindi 15-30.

Zofunika! Kuthamanga kwa magazi kuyenera kuthandizidwa kuti muchepetse zovuta ndi mikhalidwe. Ndi kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi, chiopsezo cha masoka a mtima (kugwidwa, kugunda kwa mtima ndi ena) kumawonjezeka.

Mukaonana ndi dokotala liti?

Monga lamulo, ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa magazi, ndikofunikira kupulumutsa wodwala kuchipatala mwachangu. Ngati chithandizo sichinayambike pa nthawi, wodwalayo akhoza kufa. Chifukwa chake, munyengo zotere, nthawi zonse muyenera kuyimbira ambulansi kapena kukafika kuchipatala. Chithandizo chamankhwala chimayamba posachedwa, ndiye kuti chiyembekezo chakuchira kwathunthu kwa wodwalayo.

Dokotala amayenera kuwunika momwe wodwalayo alili komanso kuyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi. Kuphatikiza pa kuthamanga kwa magazi, wodwalayo amakhalanso ndi mutu komanso khungu la khungu. Kusanza ndi kusanza kungathenso kuonetsa matenda. Ngati mukumva chizungulire kwambiri, muyenera kufunafunanso thandizo kuchipatala.

Hyperemia

Kuphatikiza apo, wodwalayo atha kusazindikira kapena kudzipweteka. Mavuto am'tsogolo mwadzidzidzi angasonyezenso kukomoka koopsa. Monga lamulo, muyenera kuyitanitsa dokotala wazachipatala msanga.Ngati muli ndi mankhwalawo m'manja, mutha kuyika pomwe ambulansi isanafike.

Kupewa

Bwino kupewa kuposa kuchiza matenda oopsa. Odwala omwe amakonda kupanikizika magazi amafunika kusamala kwambiri ndi moyo. Kukonzekera kwa ma Garlic, tiyi wobiriwira, vinyo wofiira wokhazikika, cocoa ndi ma omega-3 acids kumathandizanso kukhala ndi malingaliro abwino a kuthamanga kwa magazi. Zachilengedwe zimapereka chilichonse chofunikira kuti magazi akhale ndi magazi.

Anthu ambiri amafunsa kuti amakhala zaka zingati pambuyo pamavuto? Zambiri zimadalira zovuta zomwe zikuphatikizira ndi momwe wodwalayo aliri. Pafupifupi, odwala omwe ali ndi zovuta zovuta amafa pasanathe zaka 10.

Pamaso pa mtima wathanzi, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda oopsa sukwaniritsidwa. Ngati mungayang'ane popewa matendawa kumayambiriro, vuto la matenda oopsa silingachitike.

Omega 3

Zofunika! Ngati mukukayikira, ndikulimbikitsidwa kukaonana ndi dokotala. Panthawi yokonzanso, ndikofunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa malingaliro a adokotala. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti vuto la matenda oopsa silikhala lokha.

Zomwe zimachitika

Njira yayikulu yothanirana ndi vuto la matenda oopsa ndi kuletsa bwino zomwe zimayambitsa, kaya zakunja kapena zamkati. Kuchulukitsa kwa thupi kungayambitse matenda am'mimba ndi impso, zotengera zawo, zomwe zimatha kutaya mphamvu ndi ukalamba.

Zina mwazoyambirira komanso zoyambitsa kuwoneka ngati vuto lalikulu kwambiri ndi monga:

Khazikika m'malingaliro ndi zamaganizidwe, kukhalapo kwa neurosis.
Kukhalapo kwa kupsinjika kwakukulu kwamaganizidwe komwe kumayambitsa kupsinjika.
Cholowa.
Kusokonekera kwa Endocrine.
Kuperewera kwa mahomoni.
Kusungidwa kwa zakumwa ndi mchere chifukwa cha kusowa kwa chakudya.
Kukonda zizolowezi zoipa.
Zosintha mwadzidzidzi, zosasinthika mumakina amlengalenga.
Matenda akulu, nyengo zawo zimachulukirachulukira.
Kuchepa kwa impso.
Kusintha kwa mankhwalawa kukhala ofanana nawo musanakumane ndi katswiri.
Arthrosis ya khosi lachiberekero.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zingapo kapena zingapo zomwe zidatchulidwazo zimatha kuchitika molingana ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha gawo linalake lazomera. Pankhani imeneyi, vuto la matenda oopsa lili ndi gulu:

Mtundu wama Hyperkinetic.

Imakhala ndi chizolowezi chokulitsa ndikuwonjezereka kwa madipatimenti achifundo a dongosolo lodziyimira pawokha. Chowoneka ndi kukhalapo kwa mtundu uwu mwa anthu ochepera zaka makumi atatu, makamaka mwa amuna. Ili ndi gawo loti liziperekezedwa ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, kukopa kwa mitsempha, kuchuluka kwa thukuta, kuchuluka kwa mtima, limodzi ndi chizungulire chachikulu, pomwe mutu umatha kudwala kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, nthawi zambiri zizindikiro zamtunduwu zamatenda zimanjenjemera miyendo, kupweteka kosavuta m'dera la chifuwa.

Makhalidwe ofiira a nkhope amatha kuwonekera, munthu amamva kuwuma kwa mucous kumtunda kwamkamwa.

Mavuto amtunduwu amakhala ndi zotsatira zokhumudwitsa chifukwa cha zovuta zazikulu:

kufooka kwambiri kwa magazi m'magazi,
kutaya kwamkati m'matumbo,
mawonekedwe a myocardial infarction,
mawonekedwe a edema yam'mimba,
kukanika kwa impso
kuphwanya ziwalo zamasomphenya.

Kukhala ndi zovuta zofananira, odwala ambiri ali pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi vuto la mtima kapena matenda opha ziwalo, omwe angayambitse imfa.

Mtundu wa Hypokinetic.

Zimawoneka pang'onopang'ono komanso pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, pakati pa odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wamavuto oopsa, ambiri amakhala azimayi azaka zapakati. Kulephera kwa mphamvu ya mahomoni, kusamba kwa msambo, kungathandize pa izi. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimawonekera pasadakhale, m'masiku ochepa mpaka chiwonetsero chazovuta zonse.Zizindikiro zake zimaphatikizapo:

Kuperewera kwa bwino kwa wodwalayo, kugona kwambiri.
Kupanda chidwi ndi kuchepa kwa ntchito.
Kukhazikika kwa chizungulire.
Zowawa zazikulu mu lobe wa kanthawi komanso mbali za mutu, ululu umatha kukhala wachilengedwe.
Kukhalapo kwa nseru, mawonekedwe a kusanza, omwe samatha ndikusintha kwina kwa thanzi.
Zowonongeka.
Maonekedwe a pallor, khungu lowuma.

Mtundu wamavuto amtunduwu umayendera limodzi ndi kuwoneka kwa kutupa kokwanira, chifukwa chosunga mchere ndi zamadzimadzi m'thupi la munthu. Kuti mawonetseredwe awa akuwonjezeka kuchepa kwa kugunda kwa mtima komanso kuwonjezeka kwa magazi opopa, omwe amachititsa mavuto amtima.

Ngati wodwala wayamba kudwala matenda amanzere am'mitsempha, izi zimatha kuyambitsa matenda a m'mapapo, omwe amadziwikanso ndi mtundu wa hypokinetic mtundu wamavuto oopsa.

Mavuto

Kodi vuto la matenda oopsa ndi chani, zotsatira zake ndi chiyani? Ndi kupita patsogolo, matenda am'matumbo amatha kulowa mu mtundu wa eukinetic (wopweteka kapena wamphongo). Mwachibadwa kwa iye amapanga kuyambira woyamba komanso wachiwiri mtundu wamavuto oopsa. Katswiri wamatsenga amatenga gawo mu vuto la eukinetic hypertensive. Matenda amtunduwu amatanthauza kuphwanya magazi. Kutengera izi, odwala ali ndi kukokana kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, njira yapadera siyofunikira pakungopereka chithandizo chamankhwala, komanso chithandizo chotsatira vuto la matenda oopsa. Ndizachilendo kuti mtundu wa eukinetic ukhudze thupi ndipo umakumana ndi zovuta zotere:

kupezeka kwa vuto la mtima mwa wodwala,
kupititsa patsogolo kwa mtima wa mtima,
chiopsezo cha stroke
kupweteka kwambiri kwa impso,
kupezeka kwa matenda ammimba ndi m'mapapo.

Mukamayambitsa matendawa, zofotokozera zonse zokhudza thanzi la wodwalayo, zaka zake, ndi zizindikiro zamatenda zimazindikiridwa. Amayerekeza ndi zizindikiro za matenda oopsa obadwa nawo mu:

kukanika kwa impso,
kusokonezeka kwa endocrine,
kupezeka kwa kuvulala koopsa kwa ubongo kosiyanasiyana,
neurocirculatory dystonia, kuwonetsa kukula kwa zizindikiro za matenda,
zotupa mu ubongo pamaso pa kuthamanga kwa magazi,
Zotsatira za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zosokoneza bongo (LSD, cocaine).

Kuchuluka kosalamulira kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawonjezera chiopsezo pamoyo wa wodwalayo. Kusokonekera kwa kayendedwe ka magazi mu ubongo pamaso pa zovuta zovuta zamtundu wamagazi kumabweretsa zotsatira zosasangalatsa kwa wodwalayo, ngakhale m'thupi, asanamwali. Malinga ndi madotolo, pafupifupi theka la odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda oopsa omwe ali ndi chiwopsezo cha kufa kwa zaka zingapo chifukwa chosasamalidwa komanso kulandira chithandizo choyenera cha odwala.

Atazindikira zomwe zimayambitsa kuwoneka ngati vuto lalikulu kwambiri kwa wodwala, madokotala amathandizira mtundu wamankhwala omwe angafanane ndi mawonekedwe omwe akuwonetsa mwa wodwalayo. Komabe, izi zimapangika chifukwa cha zovuta zosayembekezereka komanso kusafuna kwa wodwala kapena anthu oyandikana nawo kuti apereke chithandizo choyenera kuchipatala pakuwoneka koyamba.

Zoyenera kuchita ngati munthu ali ndi vuto la matenda oopsa? Ndikofunikira kudziwa malingaliro ake, omwe nthawi zambiri amakula. Izi zikuphatikiza:

Kuchuluka kosalamulira kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Mutu wakuthwa m'dera la parietal ndi occipital gawo la mutu.
Kupezeka kwa chizungulire komanso kuchepa kwa luso la wopenya.
Ululu m'chifuwa pomwe mukuthamanga mtima.
Kupumira msanga chifukwa chosowa mpweya m'magazi.
Kusinkhana kosalekeza kapena kusanza popanda kupitilizabe thanzi la wodwalayo.
Kumva kwamphamvu kapena kugona.

Kuthana ndi zotsatira zake

Pambuyo pamavuto oopsa kwambiri, odwala ambiri amakonda kumva zizindikiro zingapo zosasangalatsa, monga mutu ndi chizungulire, zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi mphamvu ya matenda a thupi

Zomverera izi zimakonda kukhala kwakanthawi. Komabe, nthawi zonse pamakhala mwayi woti muwagonjetse, mwakutha kubweretsa thupi lanu.

Chizungulire ndi mutu

Nthawi zambiri, chizungulire komanso kupweteka kwa mutu ndizotsatira zowoneka bwino za vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi, limodzi ndi kuwonongeka kwakanthawi, kupenyerera m'maso, kugona komanso kuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito.

Zonsezi zimakhudzana ndi njira zachilengedwe, kubwezeretsa ndikusinthanso kwa thupi kupititsa patsogolo magazi. Ayenera kuzolowera ntchito zatsopano. Kuti athane ndi chizungulire komanso kubwezeretsa thupi bwino, madokotala amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mankhwala achikhalidwe kuphatikiza ndi kudya moyenera.

Chizungulire pambuyo pamavuto oopsa chifukwa cha kuphwanya mayendedwe amkati kulowa mu ubongo wa munthu.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, makoma a zotengera amatayika, njira yophwanya elasticity imachitika, ndipo makulidwe awo amatha kuchitika. Pokhala ndi vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi, thupi limamvanso kusowa kwa michere yomwe imathandizira kuchita ntchito yoyenera. Izi zimathanso kukhala ndi thanzi labwino, osangokhala chizungulire. Palinso kuthekera kwa kutaya chikumbumtima kapena kukomoka.

Kuzindikira kwa thanzi nthawi zina kumatha kuchitika chifukwa chatsika magazi mosayembekezereka. Chizungulire chilinso ndi mwayi wodziwonetsa ngati wodwalayo ali wodekha komanso wosakhazikika, kapena wosayenda pang'ono mutu. Chizindikirochi chimatha kukulitsidwa ngakhale ndi maso otsekeka, kuthamanga kwa kuyenda, kuyenda pang'ono, pambuyo poti thupi lisinthe kwambiri, kukhala nthawi yayitali, kugona.

Zambiri zimatha kusokonekera pambuyo pamavuto oopsa kwambiri monga kuchuluka kwa pafupipafupi komanso chizungulire:

kusintha kwa nyengo
Kusintha kwa nyengo
kuvutika kwamafuta,
kusakhazikika mtima
kuwonongeka kwa thanzi la munthu,
kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zomwe zili ndi khofi kapena zina zachilengedwe (Coca-Cola, tiyi wobiriwira, mphamvu),
kusuta fodya komanso mowa.

Akatswiri amaumirira kuti awonjezere chithandizo pambuyo pa vuto la matenda oopsa, pofuna kubwezeretsa magazi ndi kukhalabe ndi kamvekedwe ka mtima. Ndi pokhapokha kutsatira malangizo azachipatala pomwe wodwalayo amatha kuchotsa chizungulire kwa nthawi yayitali komanso pafupipafupi.

Cholinga chachikulu cha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala atatha vuto lalikulu kwambiri ndikupewa zomwe zimachitika. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala moyenera kumathandizira kuti wodwalayo achire mwachangu.

Madokotala ati chizungulire chomwe chimachitika chifukwa cha vuto la matenda oopsa komanso mawonekedwe ake owopsa nthawi zambiri amakhala akuwonjezereka chifukwa cha atherosclerosis. Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa wodwala, adokotala amatha kukupatsani mankhwala okhudzana ndi okodzetsa, ACE inhibitors, antispasmodics.

Njira yayikulu kwambiri yoletsera kupweteka kwa mutu komanso chizungulire ndikugwiritsa ntchito chigamba chapadera cha matenda oopsa, omwe amaphatikizapo zitsamba zingapo zamankhwala, mankhwala omwe amaphwanyidwa kwambiri kotero kuti amalowe m'mitsempha yamagazi kudzera pakhungu ndikulowa m'thupi chifukwa cha magazi achilengedwe.

Zochita zazikulu za chigamba zimathandizira kuchotsa zizindikiro zazikulu za chizungulire, zimathandizira kuyamwa kwa antihypertensive mankhwala. Zotsatira zabwino za mankhwalawa zimaphatikizanso kukonza magwiridwe antchito aubongo, kusintha kwa kamvekedwe ka minofu ndi kunenepa, komanso kuthetsa kutopa. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mukagwiritsa ntchito chigamba, chizungulire komanso kupweteka kwambiri m'mutu kumatha kulimba.

Njira zakuchiritsira pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamankhwala azikhalidwe, makamaka zimaphatikizapo msuzi wa rosehip, kugwiritsa ntchito timadziti tatsopano totakasuka kuchokera masamba ndi zipatso zosiyanasiyana.

Kodi mutu umazungulira pakatha chithandizo cha matenda oopsa? Izi zitha kungowonetsa kuti chithandizo chomwe adaperekedwacho sichinali chokwanira, ndipo chikuyenera kupitilizidwa kuti muchotse zizindikilo zosasangalatsa, ndipo izi ngakhale kuti kupsinjika kumatha kusintha. Kupitiliza chithandizo kumafuna kuti wodwalayo azikhala wodekha, zonse mkati ndi kunja. Dzitetezeni ku zinthu zonse zakhumudwitsa zakunja. Yesetsani kupumula nthawi zambiri monga momwe mungathere, khazikitsani chipindacho pafupipafupi kuti mupumitse mpweya watsopano womwe umalemeretsa magazi ndi mpweya nthawi zambiri. Ngati mukupwetekedwa mutu pambuyo pake - muyenera kulumikizana ndi dokotala.

Ndi nkhawa yochulukirapo komanso ntchito yodwala, madokotala amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira. Simuyenera kuzengereza kukaonana ndi dokotala mobwerezabwereza ngati matenda anu akuipiraipira.

Njira yonse yovomerezeka ndi dokotala ndiyofunika. Kunyalanyaza malangizo a akatswiri ndi njira yachidule yobwererera mavuto. Thanzi lofooka ndi thanzi labwino ndizizindikiro zamatenda am'mimba, omwe nthawi zambiri amakula kwambiri panthawi yomwe simumayembekezera.

Njira zopewera

Njira zodzitchinjiriza ndi cholinga chopewa kuwoneka ngati vuto la matenda oopsa nthawi zambiri cholinga chake ndicho kuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, makamaka ngati wodwalayo anali ndi matenda oopsa kale. Njira zopewera ndi izi:

Kugwirizana ndi boma la tsikulo (ntchito, kupumula, chakudya).
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pafupipafupi komwe kumapangitsa kuti magazi azithamanga.
Kuchotsedwa kwa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mchere komanso mafuta azinyama.
Kupewa kwamatenda a arthrosis a khomo lachiberekero ndi matenda ena omwe amakhudza njira yoyenera ya magazi.
Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira.
Ptentic inpatient chithandizo.
Kugwiritsira ntchito sedative.
Chithandizo cha sanatorium kapena ma sanatorium.
Kusiya zizolowezi zoipa monga kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa.

Matenda oopsa amathanso kuoneka mosayembekezereka komanso mwachangu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndikovuta kupewetsa matendawa.

Zimatengera moyo wamunthuyo. Kufunsidwa ndi nthawi yake ndi dokotala kumathandiziratu munthu kupewa kuwonongeka kwa matenda oopsa.

Zotsatira zotsatirazi zinagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzekera.

Zomwe zimayambitsa vuto la matenda oopsa

Monga momwe masewera amasonyezera, vuto limatha kuchitika motsutsana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso ndikuwoneka bwino. Zomwe zimapereka motere:

kusiya kwina kwa mankhwala a antihypertensive,
Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala oopsa,
uchidakwa
Zotsatira zakuvulala kwam'mutu,
atherosulinosis ya msempha,
glomerulonephritis,
matenda ashuga
lupus erythematosus,
Matenda a Itsenko-Cushing,
mankhwala osokoneza bongo
periarteritis nodosa.

Matenda onsewa samakhala odziyambitsa pawokha.Zomwe zimangowonjezera ndizopsinjika, kuchepa thupi pafupipafupi, kudya mopatsa thanzi, kuledzera, kusuta fodya, kusokonekera kwambiri kwa thupi, kusokonekera kwa mahomoni. Ndikofunikanso kukumbukira kuti odwala sangakhale ndi vuto la matenda oopsa nthawi zonse, pamakhala kuchuluka kwakukulu pamene mankhwala ena amapereka mopatsa chidwi.

Chowerengetsera ndicho ziwerengero za iwo omwe ali ndi mavuto. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amawonekera mwa amuna kuposa akazi. Mwa akazi, izi zimalembedwa kuyambira zaka 50 mpaka 60, panthawi ya kusintha kwa thupi.

Mawonetseredwe azachipatala, mitundu yamavuto

Kuti mupereke chithandizo choyenera kwa munthu, simuyenera kudziwa zokhazo zomwe zili ndi vuto la matenda oopsa, komanso mitundu yake.

Popeza munthu atakula kwambiri amakhala ndi matenda osachiritsika, kusintha kwakukulu pamtima, munthu samalandira chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zonse, koma amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo payekha, zimavuta kulosera zotsatirazi pambuyo pamavuto oopsa kwambiri.

Madokotala amasiyanitsa mitundu iwiri yamavuto:

Sympathoadrenal. Zomwe zimayambitsa ndizovuta kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa mitsempha. Nthawi zambiri, vutoli limadziwonekera mwa achinyamata omwe amakhala ndi chizolowezi chatsikulo, omwe amanyalanyaza kupuma koyenera. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zamtunduwu ndi kuthamanga kwa chitukuko. Odwala, kuthamanga kwa magazi kukwera nthawi yomweyo, zimachitika kuti zimachitika, kutuluka thukuta kumatuluka, ndipo kumveka kumveka kumutu.
Ndi mtundu wa hypokhenic, kukula kumachitika pang'onopang'ono ndipo sikuwonekanso kwa wodwala. Anthu samalabadira zoyambirira zazikulu: chakuti mutu umakhala wopitilira masiku awiri, nseru, ulesi, ndi kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe. Hyppedic hypertensive vuto limachitika ndi zotsatira, nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa zovuta.

Tiona momwe tingazindikire vuto la matenda oopsa mwa munthu. Imadziwonekera bwino, imakhala ndi chithunzi chachipatala. Zina mwazizindikiro zazikulu ndi izi:

kuchuluka kwambiri kwa magazi,
mutu wanga ukuyamba kupweteka
chizungulire ndi mseru zimatuluka
kufooka kumachitika m'thupi,
mantha akuchulukirachulukira.
M'dziko lamkati muli zowawa.
tachycardia
wodwala sangathe kupuma kwambiri
thukuta lamphamvu, kuzizira, kufupika,
ndizovuta kuti ambiri azungulira nthawi yamavuto,
Nthawi zina, pamakhala kupweteka,
kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima mpaka kufika pakutha kwathunthu.

Osadikirira chithunzi chowoneka bwino cha wodwalayo, thandizo loyamba liyenera kuyamba pomwe mutu ukayamba kudwala, chizungulire chikuwonekera.

Malamulo operekera thandizo loyamba

Kuchiza ndikuchepetsa zotsatira zoyipa mwachindunji zimadalira thandizo lomwe limaperekedwa kwa wodwala asanafike gulu lachipatala. Mndandanda wa zochita za munthu aliyense uzikhala motere:

Imbani "ambulansi".
Kuti mukhale wodwala, mupempheni kuti muchepe. Panthawi yamavuto komanso mantha akulu, ndikofunikira kuti wodwalayo adziwitse kuti athandizidwe pakadali pano. Matenda a kuthamanga kwa magazi zimadalira momwe amapumira mofulumira.
Kukakamiza munthu kupuma molondola: kuvuta kuyenera kukhala kwakuzama, ndipo mpweya wotuluka uyenera kukhala wosakwiya komanso wautali.
Ikani mafuta otenthetsera kwa mphindi khumi ndi zisanu kumutu ngati wodwalayo akumana ndi chizungulire pambuyo pamavuto oopsa.
Kutsitsa mabatani a wodwala, kupondera pachifuwa, pakhosi.
Apatseni wodwalayo mankhwala enaake omwe amamwa mpaka nthawi ino, kuyembekezera kubwera kwa ambulansi.
Ikani piritsi "Corvaltapa", "Validol" pansi pa lilime, ngati mankhwalawa alibe.
Tumikirani madontho amadzimadzi aliwonse, monga Corvalol, Motherwort kapena Valerian.
Wodwalayo atayamba kuchira, wodwalayo amayamba kudwala kwambiri.Kuti muchepetse mawonekedwe ake, ndikofunikira kukulunga munthu ndi bulangeti lotentha kapena kuyika tepe lotenthetsera.

Ndikofunikira kukumbukira! Ngati wodwala amakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri kapena akukulira kwambiri, ndiye kuti muyenera kupita naye kuchipatala mwachangu, chifukwa kuchedwa kulikonse kungawononge moyo wa munthu.

Chithandizo cha kuchipatala

Odwala amatha kuthandizidwa kuchipatala kapena odwala mwanjira zina, zonse zimatengera thanzi lawo komanso kupezeka kwa matenda ena osachiritsika. Pofuna kupewa zovuta komanso kuchepetsa kupanikizika pambuyo pamavuto oopsa, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito magulu otsatirawa:

okodzetsa
vasodilators,
opanga beta
odana ndi calcium
vuto lalikulu lamanjenje, mantha, mantha, mavuto antidepressants, sedative, restant ntchito.

Funso lanzeru limadzuka: chochita pambuyo pa vuto la matenda oopsa. Dokotala wopezekapo amayenera kuyankha momveka bwino. Ndikulakwitsa kuganiza kuti chithandizo chimodzi kuchipatala chitha kupewa mavuto oopsa mtsogolo. Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa dongosolo lomvekera bwino la njira zochepetsera zinthuzi.

Zotsatira ndi zovuta

Popeza kuti kulumpha kwakuthwa m'magazi kungachitike mwa munthu wazaka zilizonse, mavuto obwera chifukwa cha matenda oopsa (GC) adzasiyana.

Amayi pa kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni - kusintha kwa thupi, nthawi yobereka, kutha msambo - nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi mawonekedwe otere. Komanso, musaiwale kuti ndiye kugonana koyenera komwe kumagwira ntchito kwambiri poyankha pamavuto, zokumana nazo. Ngati mayi wachita HA, ndiye kuti zotsatirapo zake zingakhale motere:

matenda edema,
pulmonary edema,
kumva pang'ono kapena kuwonongeka kwathunthu kwa kumva, kumva,
sitiroko
encephalopathy
angina pectoris
Pambuyo pamavuto oopsa kwambiri, azimayi ambiri amakhala ndi chizungulire kwa nthawi yayitali,
kulephera kwa mtima.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti odwala oterowo apereke chithandizo mu maola oyamba awukire, popeza kuchedwa kulikonse kungayambitse imfa. Amuna amathanso kukhudzidwa ndi HA, pomwe mphamvu zamavuto zimakhala zochuluka, chifukwa chake, pazovuta zina zimakhala:

kuwonongeka kwa retinal
pang'ono kapena kuwonongeka kwathunthu kwa masomphenya
sitiroko
kayendedwe ka mtima mu mtima
Cardiogenic mantha,
angina pectoris
paresis
ziwalo
zotsatira zakupha.

Pakati pa nthawi yayitali, azimayi ambiri amakhala ndi zovuta za kuthamanga kwa magazi. Ngati zoterezi zimawoneka pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti izi zitha kukhala zowopsa pamoyo wa mwana wapakati kapena wosabadwa. Amayi oyembekezera ayenera kuchitapo kanthu mokwanira pamutu wapafupipafupi, kupuma movutikira, kusanza, ndi kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala. Pankhani ya chitukuko cha HA, zotsatirazi zitha kuoneka:

fetal hypoxia,
zovuta zam'magazi mukukula kwa mwana wosabadwayo,
kupunduka kwa mtima
sitiroko
kulephera kwa aimpso
pulmonary edema,
mikwingwirima yaying'ono.

Zowopsa ndi zotsatira za vuto la matenda oopsa okalamba. Pakadumphadumpha mukupanikizika, odwala amatha kumva komanso kudziwa:

kupweteka pachifuwa,
chizungulire
kusanza, kusanza,
nkhawa pafupipafupi, chisangalalo, kuchuluka,
manja akunjenjemera
khungu
thukuta.

Amatha kukhala osiyana kwambiri mpaka pamapeto pake.

Zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro zamavuto oopsa

Kuwonetsedwa kwakukulu kwa vuto la matenda oopsa ndi kuwonjezereka kwadzidzidzi kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu m'matumbo, aimpso, zomwe zimapangitsa chiwopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta zamtima (zam'mitsempha, kulowetsedwa kwa myocardial, subarachnoid hemorrhage, exfoliating aortic aneurysm, pulmonary edema pachimake kumanzere kwamitsempha kulephera ndi mapapo edema, pachimake koronare kusowa, etc.).

Kukula kwa matenda oopsa kumayendera limodzi ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

chisangalalo chamanjenje
nkhawa
nkhawa
kugunda kwa mtima
kumverera kosowa kwa mpweya, "kunjenjemera kwamkati"
thukuta lozizira
"Goose" khungu
kunjenjemera ndi manja.
redness la nkhope.

Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'matumbo, chizungulire, mseru, kusanza, komanso mavuto amawonongeka.

Chizindikiro cha misempha yoopsa kwambiri chimakhala chosiyanasiyana, koma chizindikiro chodziwika bwino koyambirira kwa zovuta zam'mutu ndimmutu, womwe umatha kutsagana ndi mseru, kusanza, tinnitus, chizungulire. Nthawi zambiri mutu umakulirakathina ndikusuntha kwamutu, kugona, matumbo. Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kutsatiridwa ndi Photophobia ndi kupweteka m'maso pamene akuyenda.

G.F. Lang adasiyanitsa mitundu yotsatirayi ya kupweteka kwa mutu ndi matenda oopsa:

atypical mutu wokhudzana ndi neurosis, womwe umakhala ngati maziko a kuwonekera kwa matenda oopsa,
mutu wofanana ndi wa paroxysmal, wokoka mwachilengedwe, nthawi zina wosalala kapena woponderezana,
Mutu unawonedwa kupweteka matenda oopsa.

Kupweteka kwam'mutu kofanana ndi matenda oopsa nthawi zambiri kumachitika usiku kapena m'mawa ndipo kumapezeka kwambiri kumaso, kumakhaliro kapena mizimu. Mutu wotere umalumikizidwa ndi zotupa zam'matumbo - chotupa mkati - ndi mitsempha ya extracranial. kuphwanya kwamitsempha yotulutsa ndi kutalika kwa mitsempha, komanso ndi kuchuluka kwa kukakamizidwa kwa madzimadzi a ubongo.

Pankhani yoyipa ya matenda oopsa, kupweteka kwamutu kumachitika chifukwa chakuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kukakamiza kwazinthu zam'mimba komanso zamkati, ubongo wa edema ndipo kumayendera limodzi ndi mseru, kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe.

Chizindikiro china chodziwika bwino cha mavuto oopsa ndi chizungulire - kumvekera kwa kuzungulira kwa zinthu zakuzungulira.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya chizungulire ndi matenda oopsa:

chizungulire chomwe chimachitika kapena chikaipiraipira pamene mutu wasintha,
chizungulire, chomwe chimawoneka mosasamala kanthu mutu wake ndipo sichimayendera ndi kumverera koyenda.

Chomwe chimayambitsa chizungulire, limodzi ndi malingaliro akuyenda, ndi dystonia mu mtsempha wamagazi.

Chizungulire, osagwirizana ndi kayendedwe kazinthu, zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi dystonia m'mitsempha ya carotid.

Matenda a mitsempha (kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo lamanjenje), omwe amawonedwa ndimavuto oopsa, amatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi gawo la matenda oopsa.

Pa gawo loyamba la matenda oopsa, neurotic syndrome imawonedwa nthawi zambiri, nthawi zambiri - diencephalic syndrome (apo ayi - hypothalamic syndrome, yodziwika ndi endocrine, autonomic-vascular, metabolic ndi zovuta zina).

Pa siteji yachiwiri, zovuta za hypothalamus ndizambiri.

Hypothalamic syndrome nthawi zambiri imawonedwa mu kusintha kwa azimayi omwe ali ndi vuto lachiwiri la matenda oopsa.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti pa gawo lachiwiri la matenda oopsa, matenda oopsa (discalary-discirculatory disc (kuchepa kwa vuto la m'mimba) amakhalanso amachitika.

Zovuta zazikuluzikulu zimadziwika ndi kuyamba mwadzidzidzi ndipo zimatha masiku angapo. Zizindikiro zamavuto zimawonekera patangopita mphindi zochepa kapena maola 1-3. Kukula kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi mwa odwala osiyanasiyana ndi munthu mwachilengedwe, ndiye kuti, amatha kufikira magawo osiyanasiyana. Kubalalika kwa zizindikiro kwa odwala osiyanasiyana ndikwakulirapo - kuyambira 130/90 mpaka 240/120 - ndipo ndizotsimikizika ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Muzochitika izi pamene wodwalayo amakhala ndi vuto lotsika, ngakhale kuwonjezeka pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta.

Zoyambitsa matenda oopsa

Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto la matenda oopsa kwambiri amatha kukhala opanikizika komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, zomwe zimayambitsa kugunda kwamtima komanso kuwonjezeka.

Nthawi zambiri, vuto la matenda oopsa limachitika chifukwa cha matenda oopsa, munthu wodwala akayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti achepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi, amasintha mlingo wawo kapena amamwa khofi, mowa ndi mchere.

Kodi nchiyani chomwe chingayambitse matenda oopsa?

Kuvulala kwam'mutu.
Matenda opatsirana (aortic atherosulinosis, matenda ashuga, lupus, periarteritis nodosa, matenda a impso).

Zachidziwikire, zovuta sizimachitika nthawi zonse chifukwa chazifukwa izi. Nthawi zambiri, kupsinjika kapena hypothermia, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a mahomoni, kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwanyengo, kapena kulephera kwa mahomoni kumathandizira.

Malinga ndikuwona, makamaka okalamba amakhudzidwa ndi vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi, makamaka kugonana kwamphamvu kuyambira azaka makumi asanu ndi zisanu.

Zomwe zimayambitsa vuto lalikulu kwambiri

Zovuta zam'magazi zimachitika nthawi iliyonse yamatenda oopsa, kuphatikiza matenda oopsa (ochepa) oopsa. Nthawi zina vuto la matenda oopsa limayamba kukhala mwa munthu wathanzi. Komabe, mavuto ambiri oopsa kwambiri amapezeka kumapeto kwa matenda oopsa kwambiri chifukwa cha atherosulinosis.

Mavuto obwerezedwa obwerezabwereza, kubwereza kwawo pafupipafupi nthawi zina kumachitika chifukwa chosasankhidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha zovuta zam'magazi ndizophatikiza kupsinjika, kugwiritsa ntchito khofi wambiri ndi / kapena zakumwa zoledzeretsa, kumwa kwambiri mchere, kusiya kwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuthana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo ndi impso.

Mavuto obwera chifukwa cha matenda oopsa amatha kukhala m'mapapo mwanga komanso edema ya m'magazi.

Zovuta zam'madzi pazovuta za atherosulinosis, kukulira odwala okalamba, monga lamulo, ndizokhazikika komanso nthawi yayitali. Zisokonezo zotere nthawi zambiri zimachitika mwadzidzidzi, zimatsatana ndi kanthawi kochepa ka kayendedwe ka magazi komanso kuwonjezeka kowopsa kwa magazi.

Kusagwirizana ndi maziko a atherosclerosis amadziwika ndi kukwiya kwamawonekedwe ndi makutu, kuyatsidwa kwa mutu, chizungulire, mseru, kusanza, phokoso ndikulira m'mutu ndi makutu, kudetsa khungu m'maso.

Nthawi zina mutu umatha kukhala limodzi ndi mavuto amitsempha yochepa, komanso kupweteka m'maso ndikumverera kowawa panthawi yomwe akuyenda, photophobia. Kuphatikiza apo, zizindikiro monga kupusa, kugona kwambiri, kukoka kwa psychomotor, redness kapena kutulutsa nkhope, kuzizira, kukodza kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zina kumangokhala kwakanthawi kochepa kumazindikira.

Zovuta zam'magazi zomwe zimachitika motsutsana ndi maziko a atherosulinosis nthawi zambiri zimagwirizana ndi kufalikira kwa magazi m'mitsempha ya ubongo komanso tsinde laubongo. Mawonetseredwe amisempha yamitsempha pamtunduwu ndikusokonezeka, kumverera kogundika m'malo ena a khungu la nkhope, miyendo, zala, kusokonezeka kwa psychomotor, chizungulire, diplopia (kuwona kawiri), kuchepa kuwona kwakuthupi, kuthwanima kwa "ntchentche" pamaso pa maso, kukhathamira, ndi zina. Palinso kuphwanya kwa tendon Reflex, etc., nosebleeds, nthawi zina zofunika, kusanza kwamagazi.

Gulu la mavuto oopsa kwambiri

Pali magawo angapo osakanikirana kwambiri chifukwa cha zovuta: njira yowonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi pa nthawi yamavuto, zovuta zamavuto, kuwonekera kwachipatala, etc. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti mosasamala mtundu wa vuto la matenda oopsa, wodwala amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala mwadzidzidzi.

Hyperkinetic, hypokinetic ndi eukinetic mavuto. Kutengera ndi mawonekedwe a limagwirira kukulitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, mitundu ingapo yamankhwala oopsa kwambiri imasiyanitsidwa: hyperkinetic, hypokinetic ndi eukinetic. Kusiyana pakati pa mitundu yamavutoyi ndikuti kutulutsidwa kwa magazi kuchokera kumtima kumawonjezeka kapena kukana kwa ziwiya zotumphukira kumawonjezeka, kapena zonse zimachitika nthawi imodzi.

At zopinga zazikulu kuwonjezeka kwa kutulutsa kwamtima kumawonedwa ndi kubwinobwino kapena kuchepetsedwa kukana kwa zotumphukira (kupindika kwa systolic kumakwera).

Mikwingwirima yama Hyperkinetic imayamba m'magawo oyambira matenda oopsa (I - II), nthawi zambiri mwachangu komanso popanda kuwonongeka koyambirira kwa thanzi la wodwalayo. Mwadzidzidzi pamakhala mutu wakuthwa, womwe umatha kutuluka, ndipo nthawi zina umatsagana ndi kufinya kwa "ntchentche" patsogolo pa maso. Nthawi zina, wodwalayo amamva kuwawa, nthawi zina kusanza kumachitika.

Kukula kwazovuta kumayendetsedwa ndi kukondwa kwa wodwalayo, kumanjenjemera ndi kutentha thupi lonse, kutuluka thukuta, palpitations. Nthawi zambiri khungu limanyowa, maonekedwe ofiira omwe amawoneka amakhala. Kugundika kumafulumizitsa (izi zitha kutsagana ndi kupweteka mumtima komanso kugunda kwamtima).

Poyerekeza ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa magazi a systolic, kuthamanga kwa diastolic kumakwera pang'ono, pafupifupi 30-40 mm RT. Art., Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwonetsero chambiri chikwere. Kusweka kwa mtima kumatha kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito ma electrocardiogram.

Zovuta za Hyperkinetic zimadziwika ndi chitukuko chofulumira komanso njira yayifupi - kuchokera kwa mphindi zingapo mpaka maola angapo. Mavuto amtunduwu amatha kukhala ndi matenda oopsa komanso mitundu ina ya matenda oopsa. Mavuto ena obwera pambuyo pamavuto amakula kawirikawiri.

At hypokinetic mavuto pali kuchepa kwa zotulutsa zamtima ndi kuwonjezeka kowopsa pakukaniza kwa zotumphukira (ndiye kuti, kupanikizika kwa diastolic kumakwera).

Matenda a Hypokinetic nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa kwa nthawi yayitali (magawo I - III a matendawa). Kuwonetsedwa kwa zovuta kumayamba pang'onopang'ono. Pakhoza kukhala zowonongeka m'makutu. Mlingo wamkati umakhala wabwinobwino kapena kuchepa kwake kumawonedwa (bradycardia). Kwambiri, diastolic magazi amakwera.

Ndi vuto la mtundu wa hypokinetic, ma electrocardiogram, monga lamulo, amawonetsa zosokoneza zambiri kuposa vuto lama hyperkinetic.

Mavuto amtunduwu amawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi stroke ischemic.

Zovuta za Eukinetic yodziwika ndi zizindikiro zowonekera za kutulutsa kwamtima ndi ziwonetsero zambiri za zotumphukira (ndiye kuti, kuchuluka kwa systolic ndi diastolic).

Mitsempha ya Eukinetic, monga lamulo, imachitika mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa pazigawo II - III motsutsana ndi maziko a kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso mitundu ina ya matenda oopsa (sekondale).

Mavuto amtunduwu amakula mwachangu ndi magazi omwe adayamba kukwezedwa, koma alibe njira yankhanza, yosiyana ndi zovuta za hyperkinetic.

Zovuta zosavuta komanso zovuta. Kutengera ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zomwe zikuphatikizidwa ndi zovuta, zovuta zamankhwala zimagawidwa kukhala zosavuta komanso zovuta.

Zovuta zosavuta monga lamulo, amatha kumayambika matenda oopsa. Pankhaniyi, pali kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, koma palibe zizindikiro zowonekeratu zowonongeka kwa ziwalo zomwe mukufuna.

Pamavuto osavuta, kuvuta kwakanthawi kwakanthawi m'magazi amitsempha, zovuta zingapo zamitsempha, komanso kusokonekera kwa mahomoni (mwachitsanzo, kutulutsidwa kwakukulu kwa adrenaline) kumatha kuchitika. Zizindikiro zamavuto osavuta kwambiri amatsimikiziridwa ndikuwonetsedwa komwe kumakhudzana ndikuwonjezereka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso kuphwanya kwamitsempha yamagazi.

Nthawi zambiri vuto losautsa kwambiri limayamba ndi kupweteka kwamutu mwadzidzidzi, nthawi zambiri kumatsatana ndi chizungulire, mseru, kusanza, ndi kusokonezeka kwa mawonekedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, pali zizindikiro monga kusangalala kwamanjenje, kuda nkhawa, kutentha thupi ndi thukuta, kulowa mkati mwamazizira komanso kunjenjemera miyendo, kumva kusowa kwa mpweya, kufupika, nthawi zina kupweteka mumtima, kuwoneka kwa malo ofiira pakhungu, makamaka pankhope, khosi. ndi manja, kuchuluka kwa mtima, kuwonjezeka kowopsa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, makamaka systolic (kumtunda).

Mawonetsedwe wamba osavuta ovutirapo oopsa ndimamva kunjenjemera kwamkati, thukuta lozizira komanso kuzizira.

Ziphuphu zosavutikira zosaneneka zimayamba msanga ndipo zimakhala zazifupi (nthawi zambiri maola awiri ndi awiri), ndipo zimaletseka mosavuta mothandizidwa ndi antihypertensive mankhwala. Komabe, ngakhale kuti kulibe ziwalo zamavuto omwe alipo, mavutowo akuopseza moyo wa wodwalayo, chifukwa chake, kuthamanga kwa magazi kuyenera kuchepetsedwa patangopita maola ochepa.

Zovuta Zosokoneza Nthawi zambiri kwa magawo a matenda oopsa (II - III).

Vuto lalikulu kwambiri pamavuto oopsa kwambiri ndi kusokonezeka kwam'mimba, komwe ambiri amakhala ndi matenda oopsa oopsa kwambiri (hypertgency) encephalopathy.

Choopsa chachikulu cha matenda oopsa oopsa a m'mimba ndi matenda a m'mimba, kuchepa kwa matenda a Parkinson, kuchepa kwa luntha ndi zina zambiri. angina pectoris, mtima arrhythmias, zotupa zam'mimba, kuchepa kwa kanthawi kochepa, etc.

Kukhazikika kwa zovuta pamavuto oopsa nthawi zambiri kumachitika pang'onopang'ono ndipo kumatha masiku angapo. Mawonetseredwe oyamba amisala yotere nthawi zambiri amakhala akuwodzera kwambiri, kumva kuwawa m'mutu ndi kulira m'makutu. Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimawonedwanso: kupweteka kwambiri mutu, chizungulire, mseru, kusanza, kupweteka kwambiri m'dera la mtima, kuwonera ndi kumva, kutsekeka, kuyendetsa pang'onopang'ono, kutaya chikumbumtima, kufupika, kupuma, nthambo zonyowa m'mapapu.

Pamalo a supine, kufupika kumatha kukhala kwamphamvu kwambiri, koma kumafooka m'malo okhala theka. Khungu la wodwalayo lomwe lili ndi vuto losautsa kwambiri limakhala lozizira komanso louma, ndipo nkhopeyo imapeza mawonekedwe ofiira. Kusintha komwe kumanenedwa kuti ndi zamkati nthawi zambiri sikuwonedwa. Kuchuluka kwa zopsinjika ndi zovuta zovuta sizovuta kwambiri komanso zamphamvu kwambiri ngati vuto losautsa kwambiri.

Zovuta zovuta zimabweretsa chiwopsezo pamoyo wa wodwalayo ndipo zimafuna kuti magazi azithamangitsidwa. Chizindikiro chamavuto ovuta kwambiri ndichakuti amakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo zizindikirazo zimapitilira masiku angapo ndipo nthawi zina atatsitsa magazi.

Mitundu ingapo yamavuto ovuta kwambiri amalekeka kutengera cholinga chachikulu cha chilondacho: ubongo

Cerebral matenda oopsa oopsa amatha kupangitsa kuti pachimake matenda enaake acheine asokonekere - hypertensive encephalopathy, ngozi yochepa yam'mitsempha, stroko.

Matenda oopsa kwambiri a m'magazi a diencephalic syndrome amadziwika ndi kulimba mtima (kusakhazikika), kuchuluka kwamkodzo.

Matenda oopsa a m'magazi oopsa ndi hypothalamic syndrome amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kubwereranso kwa neurosis, komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi vuto la hypothalamus. Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lachiwonetsero chachiwiri II omwe ali ndi vuto la kusokonekera kwa Hypothalamic amakhala tcheru kwambiri ndikusintha kwanyengo.

Chowoneka chachikulu meteorological chomwe chili ndi tanthauzo pa odwala awa ndikusintha kwa kukakamizidwa kwa barometric komwe kumayambira kuchepa kwake. Odwala otere, vuto la matenda oopsa, monga lamulo, limalimbikitsa kale ntchito za hypothalamus, zimathandizira kukomoka kwa malo a subcortical. Komanso, motsutsana ndi maziko azovuta zamagazi omwe amakhala ndi vuto la hypothalamic, kusokonezeka kwamatumbo a chithokomiro kumayamba kukhazikika, zomwe zimadziwika kuti chizungulire, kuwona kwakanthawi kawiri, nystagmus, etc.

Coronary vuto la matenda oopsa lingachititse kuti pakhale kuperewera kwa mphamvu pachimake, mawonekedwe a mtima ndi mphumu kapena mtima.

Zovuta zoyipa, zotupa komanso zopweteka. Kuwonetsedwa kwa vuto la neurovegetative, lomwe limakula mofulumira mokwanira, kumalumikizidwa ndi kutulutsidwa kwakukulu kwa adrenaline ya m'magazi, yomwe imakonda kupezeka chifukwa cha kupsinjika. Zizindikiro za vuto la neurovegetative limaphatikizapo kupweteka mutu, chizungulire, nseru, nthawi zina kusanza, kumva kuti mulibe mpweya, mantha, nkhawa, nkhawa, kuthina kwa khungu, kuzizira, thukuta kwambiri, manja akunjenjemera, kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kupanikizika kwa systolic (chapamwamba), mwina kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa kutentha thupi. Zoterezi, monga lamulo, sizidutsa maola 1-5 ndipo sizikuwopseza moyo wa wodwalayo. Nthawi zambiri pambuyo pamavuto, kukodza kwakukulu kumawonedwa.

Zosangalatsa, kapena mchere wamchere, vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi limalumikizidwa ndi kusalinganika kwa renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, yomwe imayang'anira kusungirako kwakanthawi kwamthupi, kuphatikiza kuthamanga kwa magazi. Zovuta zoterezi zimachitika nthawi zambiri mwa amayi ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala chifukwa chomwa madzi ambiri.

Zizindikiro za vuto lakumimba ndikutupa kwa nkhope ndi manja, kupweteka mutu kwambiri, nseru, kusanza, kufooka kwa minofu, kugona kwambiri, kuwonda, nthawi zina kusokonezeka m'malo ndi nthawi, zovuta zina zowoneka, komanso kumva kuwonongeka. Mawonetsedwe awa amatha kupitilira masiku angapo.

Zolimbikitsa Matenda oopsa oopsa sichachilendo ndipo ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yoopsa kwambiri ya mavuto. Nthawi zina zotsatira za zovuta zopezeka m'magazi zimatha kukhala kukha mwazi mu ubongo.
Zizindikiro za mtundu uwu wamavuto, kuphatikiza pazomwe zimachitika pamavuto onse oopsa, ndimakhudzidwa ndikulephera kuzindikira.

Chithandizo ndi kupewa zovuta zamankhwala oopsa, thandizo loyamba

Monga tanena kale, mavuto oopsa oopsa nthawi zambiri amakula mwadzidzidzi, nthawi zambiri motsutsana ndi maziko a wodwalayo kapena thanzi labwino. Nthawi zina, kumangoyamwa popanda kumwa mankhwala opangidwa ndi adotolo, njira yolakwika yomwe wodwala wodwala matenda oopsa ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa, ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale vuto lalikulu kwambiri.

Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za vuto loyambira, ndikofunikira kuti wodwalayo ndi abale ake asatayike, koma samalani moyenera panthawi yake.Ndizotheka kuti, kuwonjezera pa chisamaliro chodzidzimutsa, wodwalayo adzafunika kuchipatala mwachangu, makamaka ngati zovuta ndizovuta.

Dokotala asanafike, wodwalayo ayenera kukagona pamalo osakhalitsa, zomwe zingathandize kuti asagwere mphumu kapena kufooketsa kwambiri. Popeza odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda oopsa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nkhawa panjenjemera komanso kupweteka, ndikofunikira kukulunga mapazi ndi wodikirapo miyendo, kuwotha ndi kutentha, kusamba kwa phazi lotentha kapena kuyika masamba a mpiru pamiyendo yawo yam'munsi. Wodwala amafunikira mpweya wabwino.

Ndikofunika kuti wodwalayo atengepo mankhwalawa mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe adokotala adawauza. Kutsika kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi sikuyenera kukhala lakuthwa: mkati mwa 1 h kuyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi 25-30 mm RT. Art. kufanizira choyambirira.

Ndi mutu wakuthwa, wodwalayo amalimbikitsidwa kuti apange piritsi limodzi la mankhwala okodzetsa. Ndikumva kupweteka kwambiri mumtima, wodwala amatha kutenga piritsi limodzi la halidi kapena nitroglycerin pansi pa lilime. Komabe, simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mwaokha mankhwala omwe wodwala sanamwe kale. Ngati pakufunika mankhwala ena owonjezereka, ayenera kuuzidwa ndi dokotala.

Monga lamulo, madokotala a ambulansi amapanga jakisoni antihypertensive kuti athetse msanga zizindikiro zavutoli. Mankhwala ena amathandizidwa ndi adokotala kapena kuchipatala ngati wodwala wagonekedwa m'chipatala.

Panthawi yamavuto oopsa, wodwalayo amafunikiranso thandizo la mtima kuchokera kwa achibale, pomwe wodwalayo amakhala ndi nkhawa, nkhawa, komanso amawopa kufa. Chifukwa chake, achibale sayenera kugonja chifukwa cha mantha, kuyesa kulimbikitsa wodwalayo, kukambirana naye modekha komanso mwaulemu.

Kugonekedwa pachipatala chifukwa cha matenda oopsa sikufunika kwa odwala onse. Nthawi zambiri, pamavuto osaneneka kwambiri, kupumula kwa jakisoni wa mankhwala a antihypertensive omwe amatsatiridwa ndi chithandizo chamankhwala kumakhala kokwanira. Kugonekedwa kwa chipatala ndikofunikira kwa odwala omwe zovuta zimayambira nthawi yoyamba, ngakhale kukhalapo kwa zovuta, komanso kwa odwala omwe ali ndi zovuta zovuta.

M'chipatala kapena munthawi ya chithandizo chakunja, kuwunika kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi zizindikiro zosonyeza kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha iyenera kuyang'aniridwa. Ndikofunikira kutanthauzira molondola madandaulo ndi zizindikiro, osati kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Pokhala ndi zovuta zosavuta, zotsatira zake zimaperekedwa nthawi zambiri piritsi la 1-2 la captopril, etc.

Palibe kutchulidwa achire zotsatira za makonzedwe a mankhwalawa, jakisoni a dibazole, obzidan, clonidine, sodium nitroprusside, nimodipine, furosemide, magnesium sulfate, enalapril maleate. Nthawi zina, pentamine imayikidwa.

Clonidine ali ndi vuto lodana ndi mavuto amtundu uliwonse, amachepetsa kugunda kwa mtima, kutulutsa kwamtima ndi zotumphukira mtima, kutsitsa magazi, makamaka m'misempha yokhala ndi tachycardia. Kwa jekeseni wamitsempha kapena mtsempha, clonidine amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira ya 0,01% pa mlingo wa 0,5-1 ml. Mphamvu ya antihypertensive imawonedwa pambuyo pa mphindi 3-5 pambuyo pakubayidwa mkatikati ndikufika pazofunikira pambuyo pa mphindi 15-30. Mankhwalawa amayenera kuperekedwa pang'onopang'ono, makamaka ndi vuto la hypokinetic, kuti mupewe kugwa (i.e., Pachimake mtima kuperewera). Pambuyo jakisoni, wodwalayo ayenera kupumula kwa maola 2-3 m'malo opingasa.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ngati vuto la matenda oopsa kwambiri, munthu sayenera kuchepetsa njira yotsatsira. Ndikokwanira kuzichepetsa kuzizindikiro zomwe thanzi lake limayenda bwino.

Ngati njira zazikulu zowonetsera mavutowa ndizizindikiro zopanda matenda popanda zizindikiro za kusokonezeka kwakukulu, jakisoni wamkati wa droperidol angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti muchepetse zovuta zotere.Mankhwalawa amathandizira kuti zinthu ziziwayendera bwino komanso kuti achepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi. Droperidol amayamba kuchita mphindi 2-4. Pambuyo pa mphindi 10-15, zotsatira zowoneka zimawonedwa, koma nthawi zambiri mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imakhala yochepa (1 ora).

Pofuna kuphatikiza ndikuphatikiza zomwe zimapezeka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito droperidol, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muthe kukodzetsa mkati osakanikirana ndi mankhwala ena a antihypertensive. Ma diuretics amathandizanso kutupa.

Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala, zomwe zimachitika kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi, ngati kuli kotheka, dokotala amakupatsani mankhwala omwe amachotsa kusokonezeka kwa mtima wamagazi, ndi zina zambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa kapena kukulitsa vuto la matenda oopsa.

Popeza kukulira kwa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha matenda oopsa nthawi zambiri kumasonyezera kusakwanira kwa chithandizo, ndikuyenera kuti kukhale kofunikira kusintha pulogalamu yothandizirana.

Wodwala sayenera kumwa mankhwala okha, komanso kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo a dokotala okhudza moyo ndi zakudya. Mtsogolomo, pamene gawo lazovuta lazovuta zili pambuyo pathu, kulimbitsa thupi kotheka kumalimbikitsidwa, inde, popanda zochulukitsa.

Panthawi yochira, muyenera kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mchere wa patebulo, ndikutsatira zakudya zopanda mchere kapena chakudya chochepa mchere, kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa, komanso, ngati zingatheke, pewani zinthu zovuta.

Mu vuto la hyperkinetic hypertensive, chisamaliro chodzidzimutsa nthawi zambiri chimayamba ndi jekeseni ya libazole. Mankhwalawa ali ndi antispasmodic zotsatira ndipo amathandizira kuchepetsa kutulutsa kwa mtima. Mphamvu ya dibazole imakhala yochepa, ndipo nthawi zina imatchulidwa pang'ono, motero, kuphatikiza ndi iyo, mankhwala ena ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mavuto amtunduwu, makamaka okhala ndi tachycardia ndi mtima arrhythmias, kugwiritsa ntchito kwa beta-blockers kumawonetsa zabwino.

Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, jekeseni wam'kati mwa anatrilin amapangidwa, omwe amapaka jekete. Kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachitika pakangotha mphindi zochepa mutangoyendetsa, ndipo mphamvu yakeyo imawonekera patatha mphindi 30. Mtsogolomo, kupewa mavuto obwereranso, anaprilin amalembedwa pakamwa pa 60-120 mg / tsiku.

Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti beta-blockers sangagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mphumu ya bronchial, kuchepa kwa mtima komanso kusokonezeka kwa atrioventricular conduction.

Ngati vuto la hyperkinetic limayendera limodzi ndi kukhumudwa kwambiri komanso tachycardia, jakisoni wamkati kapena mu mnofu wa yankho la 0.1% ya racedil (1 ml) ungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati choletsa. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa mphindi 30-50, komanso kumakhala ndi mphamvu yotulutsa. Nthawi zina pamakhala kutengeka pang'ono pang'ono.

Pothandiza mpungwepungwe wama hypokinetic, mankhwala oledzera amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa kukana kwa zotumphukira, makamaka kukhala ndi mphamvu yothandiza. M'mavuto a hypokinetic, ndibwino kuperekera mankhwala a antihypertensive pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotsekemera, popeza izi zimathandiza kuti magazi azitha kuchepa popanda chiopsezo chakugwa (kuperewera kwambiri kwa mtima) komanso kusayenda bwino kwa magazi.

Njira yabwino yoletsa vuto la hypokinetic ndi dibazole. 2,5% yankho la chlorpromazine limagwiritsidwanso ntchito, lomwe limayendetsedwa kudzera m'mitsempha ndi ma drip pa mlingo wa madontho 15-30 pamphindi. Aminazine amathandizira kuchepetsa kukwera kwakukulu kwa ziwiya zamagetsi ndikuchotsa kupsinjika kwa psychoemotional, komanso kusokoneza zochita za mahomoni adrenaline ndi norepinephrine.

Mankhwalawa angagwiritsidwenso ntchito popanga jet.Aminazine iyenera kutumikiridwa pang'onopang'ono m'malo a 2-3 ml, onetsetsani kuti mukuyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi tsidya linalo. Pambuyo pa mankhwala, wodwalayo ayenera kugona kwa maola 1-2. Mphamvu ya antihypertensive ya chlorpromazine imawonekera mphindi zoyambirira pambuyo pa kukhazikitsa ndikufika pazomwe zimachitika mu mphindi 10-15.
Kuti muchepetse zovuta za eukinetic, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito chlorpromazine ndi dibazole.

Wodwala asanagonekedwe m'chipatala, njira ya 5% ya pentamine imatha kubayidwa pang'onopang'ono kudzera pachiwindi, mosamala kuyang'ana magazi. Komabe, kupanikizika kwa jet kudzera mu pentamine kumatha kupangitsa kukhazikika kwa boma. Poterepa, muyenera kulowa mu caffeine kapena mesatone.

Poimitsa vuto la matenda oopsa omwe amachitika chifukwa cha matenda amphumo a mtima komanso madokotala ambiri, madokotala, monga lamulo, amagwiritsa ntchito chophatikizira cha ganglion blockers ndi droperidol, chomwe chimathandiza kuthetsa chisangalalo ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya hypopensive ya ganglion blockers.

Ma brigad apadera ngati antihypertensive mankhwala othamanga amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amapezeka asanachitike kuchipatala. Zochita za mankhwalawa zimayamba mkati mwa mphindi zitatu, koma zimasiya msanga - mphindi 10-25 mukamaliza kulowetsedwa.

Mpumulo wamatenda oopsa ovuta chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa mphamvu ya m'magazi umachitika ndi munthawi yomweyo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a ululu.

Ngati vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi ndivuta chifukwa cha kuphwanya kwamatumbo, othandizira ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba. Kuphatikiza apo, jakisoni wa mu mnofu wa yankho la 25% ya magnesium sulfate (10 ml) ndi yankho la intravenous 2.4% ya aminophylline (10 ml pa 20 ml ya yankho la 2040% glucose). Kupitilira apo, chithandizo chofunikira chikufunika, chomwe chikuyenera kuchitika ndi akatswiri oyenerera a mitsempha.

Mpumulo wamavuto obwera kwambiri ndi pheochromocytoma amachitika pogwiritsa ntchito phentolamine kapena trimiaen, mankhwala ochokera ku gulu la alpha-blockers. 0,5% yankho la phentolamine (1 ml) kapena yankho la 1-2% la trimuen (1-2 ml) limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati jakisoni wamkati kapena mu mnofu. Komanso, kuthana ndi vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi pheochromocytoma, chlorpromazine angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ngati vuto la matenda oopsa kwambiri, munthu sayenera kuchepetsa njira yotsatsira. Ndikokwanira kuzichepetsera kuzisonyezo komwe thanzi la wodwalayo likhala bwino.

Njira zodzitetezera zomwe zimalepheretsa kupezeka kwa matenda oopsa kwambiri ndizofanana ndi kupewa matenda oopsa. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuchita zochizira matenda oopsa. Pakachitika mavuto, zomwe zimayambitsa ziyenera kufotokozedwa kuti zipewe zina zomwe zingayambitse zovuta.

Malangizo akulu okonzekereratu, ntchito yabwino ndi kupumula, kudya moyenerera potsatira malamulo oletsedwa a matenda oopsa, kukana zizolowezi zoipa, kusapezeka kwa zochitika zopsinjika, kupewa kwawo kwakanthawi ndikupambana bwino ngati zingachitike.

Kuphatikiza apo, popewa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha matenda oopsa, kutsata kwa wodwala malangizo a dokotala okhudzana ndi kapangidwe ka antihypertensive mankhwala kuyeneranso kuphatikizidwa. Ngakhale mutakhala ndi thanzi labwino, simuyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala omwe dokotala wakupatsani, chifukwa izi zitha kukhala zopangitsa kuti pakhale vuto lalikulu kwambiri.

Zizindikiro za vuto lalikulu kwambiri

Ndizovomerezeka kuti chofunikira kwambiri pakuzindikira matenda ndi kulumpha lakuthwa pakukakamiza kukhala chizindikiro cha 200 ndi pamwambapa. Komabe, izi sizomwe zimakhala chizindikiro cholondola nthawi zonse.

Kwa anthu osiyanasiyana, pali zizindikiro zosiyana zofunikira kwambiri. Zonse zimatengera kulimbikira kwa wodwala.Mwachitsanzo, ngati munthu akumva bwino kwambiri ndi zikwangwani 90/60, ndiye kuti chizindikiro cha 140/90 chidzaonedwa ngati chovuta kwa iye, zomwe zitanthauza kuyamba kwa vuto lalikulu.

Ndipo mosinthanitsa, ngati wodwalayo akumva bwino atapanikizika ndi 140/90, ndiye kuti kuwonjezeka kwa ziwonetsero ku 160/110 komanso mpaka 170/120 sikungamupweteke.

Chifukwa chake, kuphatikiza kwa zizindikiro kumatenga gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakuwona vuto la matenda oopsa. Itha kukhala:

- mutu ndi chizungulire,

- nseru ndi kufooka,

- mantha ndi mantha,

- kupweteka kwa mtima ndi tachycardia,

- thukuta kapena kuzizira,

- kukokana komanso kuyenda pang'ono,

- kupuma movutikira ndi kuzindikira pang'ono pang'ono.

Mwapadera, onsewa azisonyeza kuti azakhalapo panthawi yamavuto oopsa kwambiri. Ndiye mungazindikire bwanji?

Tanthauzira yamavuto oopsa

Chifukwa cha izi, choyambirira, ndikofunikira kuyeza kupsinjika mphindi 15 zilizonse. Ngati kupanikizika kwakukulu kumakhalitsidwa kwanthawi yayitali (Zizindikiro zimawerengedwa mogwirizana ndi kupanikizika kwa ntchito kwa wodwalayo), ndiye kuti wodwalayo ali ndi vuto la matenda oopsa.

Kuphatikiza apo, kufufuza zam'mimba, kuyeza kutentha kwa thupi, kumvera mtima ndi mapapu, ndikuwongolera mtima kumawerengedwa kuti ndi njira zofunika kuzizindikira.

Inde, vuto la matenda oopsa ndi chikhalidwe chowopsa. Koma zovuta zamavuto oopsa kwambiri sizimawopsa. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, opitilira 40 peresenti ya odwala omwe adapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto la matenda oopsa amwalira m'zaka zitatu zotsatira zake.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti mitundu yamavuto oopsa kwambiri imatsimikiziridwa molingana ndi zovuta zake. Tiyeni tikambirane izi mwatsatanetsatane.

Mwina zotheka matenda

Zovuta zamavuto oopsa ndi izi:

Carbral infaration. Mavuto ambiri omwe amapezeka kwambiri amapezeka 24% ya odwala.
Pulmonary edema. Amawonedwa mu 22% ya odwala.
Cerebral edema. Amadziwika mu 17% ya odwala.
Pachimake kumanzere kwamitsempha. Zimachitika 14% ya odwala.
Myocardial infaration. Amawonedwa mu 12% ya odwala.
Eclampsia. Amadziwika mu 4.6% ya odwala.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pa vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi monga:

- zotupa zamitundu mitundu,

- mawonekedwe owopsa a retinopathy,

Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane.

Mavuto wamba

Mavuto akulu pambuyo pamavuto oopsa nthawi zambiri amakhudzana ndi ubongo wa munthu. Mwachitsanzo, matenda am'mimba, kapena sitikali yam'mimba. Uku ndi kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa magazi chifukwa chakutulutsa mitsempha yaubongo. Kapena matumbo a edema, momwe kutuluka kwa madzi am'mimba kumasokonezekera, komanso chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake, kupanikizika kwa minofu kumawonjezeka.

Kodi ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe zimafala kwambiri pamavuto oopsa? Pulmonary edema ndi vuto lina lalikulu lazotsatira zamatenda awa. Amadziwika ndi kuphwanya kuchuluka ndi kutuluka kwa madzi aellellular, komanso kuchuluka kwake m'mapapu.

Kodi vuto la mtima wamunthu limakhala ndi vuto lotani? Mavuto a matenda oopsa oopsa amathanso kupangitsa matenda kukhala oopsa komanso osachedwa kufooka ngati mtima komanso kulowetsedwa kwa mtima. Yoyamba mwa iwo imayambitsidwa ndi kuphwanya kwa magazi oyenda m'magazi, pomwe magazi, osalowa mu aorta, amasunthika mu ventricle yamanzere, ndipo kumanja kumadzaza malire osavomerezeka.

Myocardial infarction imayendera limodzi ndi necrosis ya malowa chifukwa chosakwanira magazi.

Vuto lofanananso komanso loopsa la matenda oopsa kwambiri ndi eclampsia, lomwe limachitika modzidzimutsa. Imadziwoneka yokha pakubala kapena pakubala, ndipo imayambitsidwa ndi kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi, kotero kuti pali chiwopsezo pamoyo wa onse mayi ndi mwana.

Mavuto ena

Mavuto ena obwera chifukwa cha matenda oopsa oopsa amakhala ndi zotupa m'matumbo a ubongo ndi zotupa za m'mimba. Mtundu woyamba wamavuto umachitika chifukwa cha kuphwanya kwa mitsempha ya magazi, pomwe magazi amadziunjikira pansi pa nembanemba ya arachnoid yaubongo.

Kutuluka kwa magazi kwa mitsempha ya m'magazi kumachitika chifukwa cha kupasuka kwa makoma a ziwiya zamadzimadzi ndi kulocha magazi m'magazi a ubongo.

Zovuta zamavuto oopsa kwambiri ndi encephalopathy ndi hemiparesis. Encephalopathy ndi matenda osachiritsika a muubongo omwe kusintha kwa maselo mu ubongo kumachitika, komwe kumaphwanya magwiridwe ake. Hemiparesis imayendera limodzi ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya muubongo ndipo imagunditsa minofu pang'ono.

Ndi zovuta zina ziti zakupha zomwe vuto la matenda oopsa limabweretsa? Mavuto a impso amachititsa kuchepa kwa magazi chifukwa cha vuto la matenda oopsa. Izi sizikugwirizana bwino ndi kusefa. Mitsempha yamagazi imakhazikika m'matumba ndi kukodza pang'ono kapena kusiya. Thupi limakhala ndi kuledzera, zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wa kutupa kwa ziwalo zina.

Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatirapo zamavuto zimatha kukhala kulephera kwa impso, zomwe zimapangitsanso kusokonezeka kwa kusefa ndi njira yobwezeretsanso. Madzi osokonezeka, nayitrogeni, ma electrolyte ndi mitundu ina ya kagayidwe.

Kodi vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi limadzetsa zovuta m'maso? Inde, popeza zotsatira za matenda oopsa, zovuta komanso zosasangalatsa monga retinopathy ndi amaurosis zimatha kuchitika.

Retinopathy ndi njira yotupa mu retina yomwe imayambitsa zovuta m'magazi, zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwa thupi komanso ngakhale khungu. Amaurosis ndi chilonda chachikulu cha retina, komanso mitsempha ya maso, yomwe ingayambitse khungu kapena kusawona kwathunthu.

Monga mukuwonera, zovuta za matenda oopsa zimakhudza ziwalo zofunika kwambiri zamunthu, monga mtima, mapapu, impso, ndi maso. Amatha kudwala matenda osachiritsika kapena mavuto ena obwera.

Komabe, musanene kuti matenda oopsa m'magulu onse ovuta osachiritsika. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matenda oopsa sangaphatikizepo mtima, impso ndi matenda ena omwe amapangidwa ndi njira yotupa, popeza mitundu iyi yamatenda ndi chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana komanso ma virus.

Chifukwa chake, tidazindikira chomwe chimapanga vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi zovuta zake. Mapeto pazomwe tafotokozazi ndi awa: njira zochizira matenda oopsa kwambiri zimatengera mtundu wa zovuta zake.

Zovuta zam'magazi: zovuta ndi chithandizo

Popeza vuto la matenda oopsa lingakhudze ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi, chithandizo chiyenera kuyambitsidwa molingana ndi ziwalo zomwe zidakhudzidwa komanso kuopsa kwa zotupa izi.

Muzochitika izi, kuchepetsa kukakamiza sikofunikira kwambiri komanso kuyang'ana patsogolo. Komabe, kuti mankhwalawa akhale ndi mphamvu mwachangu, muyenera kuyesabe kutsitsa magazi ndi magulu makumi awiri.

Kodi mavuto a matenda oopsa oopsa amathandizidwa bwanji? Choyamba, izi zimachitika pamtendere, osati pamtendere. Kumbukirani, ku chipatala kokha komwe kumakhala kumayang'aniridwa ndi kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse. Ndipo pokhapokha mutapatsidwa chithandizo choyenera komanso chothandiza.

Choyamba, imatha kukhala intravenous infusions wa nitroglycerin kapena sodium nitroprusside, yomwe iyenera kuthetsedwa pomwe magazi atakhala abwinobwino. Kuchita kwa mankhwalawa kumayamba pakadutsa mphindi zitatu mpaka zisanu, komabe, kuyambitsa thupi kumatha kutsagana ndi mseru komanso kusanza, kukhumudwa komanso tachycardia ndi zina zomwe zimapangitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti majekeseni awa amalembedwa kuti apereke chiopsezo chachikulu cha encephalopathy, pachimake kwamanzere kwamitsempha yama cell, kulephera kwa msempha. Komabe, sinafotokozedwe chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso kapena chiwindi, glaucoma ndi matenda ena.

Mankhwala ena okhudzana ndi vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi amatha kukhala oletsa kubetcha, omwe samangochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso amachepetsa kugunda kwa mtima. Mankhwalawa amathandizidwa ndi pachimake myocardial ischemia komanso stratization wa aortic aneurysm, koma sayenera kumwedwa kwa iwo omwe ali ndi mbiri ya kufooka kwa mtima, mphumu ya bronchial, ndi kufooka kwa sinus node.

Gulu lotsatira la mankhwalawa - alpha-blockers - amagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha ndi milingo yayikulu ya catecholamines.

Pazovuta zamatenda oopsa, Methyldopa ndi magnesium sulfate amayikidwa pa ubongo. Mankhwala oyamba amakhudzanso mphamvu ya ubongo. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pakuwopsa kwa azimayi oyembekezera. Komabe, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pheochromocytoma, vuto la mtima, matenda amitsempha, etc. ndizotsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.

Magnesium sulfate amalembera chiwopsezo cha edema ndi kugwidwa. Iyenera kuthandizidwa pang'onopang'ono, kuti musayambitse kupweteka kwam'mapapo komanso matenda amphumu. Mankhwala amayamba kuchita mphindi makumi awiri pambuyo pa jekeseni ndipo amapereka zotsatira mkati mwa maola asanu ndi limodzi.

Chithandizo china chothana ndi vuto la matenda oopsa chingakhale hydralazine, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati eclampsia, kukulitsa ziwiya zamagetsi. Mankhwalawa amayamba kukhala ndi mphamvu patatha mphindi khumi atakhazikitsa ndipo amakhala ndi mphamvu yayitali.

Enalaprilat ndi mankhwala othandiza kwambiri kwa encephalopathy, mtima kulephera, coronary syndromes. Popeza mankhwalawa amayamba kugwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo, amayenera kuthandizidwa pang'onopang'ono komanso mosamala.

Mankhwalawa omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa ndi othandizira azamankhwala omwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha atauzidwa ndi adokotala.

Njira zochizira

Komabe, kuphatikiza jakisoni ndi mapiritsi, adotolo atha kukulemberani chithandizo chamankhwala. Choyamba, ndi mwayi kuti wodwalayo apumule ndikupumula, kaya ndi maloto, kupukutira kapena kutikita minofu. Muyeneranso kupewa kupsinjika ndi nkhawa zilizonse, ngakhale zitakhala zodzaza bwanji.

Kuphatikiza pa mtendere ndi chete, wodwalayo adzafunika kudya kwapadera, komwe kungafunikire kupewa zakudya zomwe zimayika zovuta pamisempha yamtima. Muyenera kusiyiratu mchere ndi zonunkhira, kudya m'magawo ochepa komanso zakudya zochepa, zamafuta ochepa.

Kuphatikiza apo, thupi liyenera kudyetsedwa zakudya zofunikira ndikuwatsata ndi mavitamini, omwe mankhwala kapena zakudya zopatsa mavitamini (masamba ndi zipatso) zingaperekedwe.

Zithandizo zadzidzidzi

Ndipo tsopano tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule zomwe zikufunika kuchita pakakhala zovuta za matenda oopsa. Kusamalira mwadzidzidzi wodwalayo ndikumupatsa mtendere komanso mpweya wabwino, kutsimikizira ndikutsimikizira kubwera posachedwa kwa chisamaliro chofunikira.

Monga sedative, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aliwonse otukuka - valerian, corvalol, mamawort. Muyeneranso kuwunika kuti wodwalayo apume, chifukwa mutha kumuthandiza kuchotsa zovala zake ndikulowetsa chipinda.

Kodi malo abwino kutenga ndi ati? Wodwala ayenera kuyikidwa m'malo okhala. Ngati akumva kuzizira, muyenera kuyesa kumusangalatsa. Komabe, ndikofunikabe kuyika compress yozizira pamphumi panu.

Mu milandu yayikulu, ambulansi imayenera kuyitanidwa. Muthanso kumwa mankhwala apadera kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Komabe, mfundo yayikulu imagwira apa: musavulaze! Chifukwa chake, ngati musankha kuthandiza wodwalayo kuchepetsa kupanikizika, izi ziyenera kuchitika pang'onopang'ono komanso mosamala, makamaka ndi mankhwala omwe mukudziwa kale kapena inu.

Nthawi zambiri, wodwalayo amadziwa momwe angalepherere kuukira.Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi iye mankhwala omwe amatha kumwa ngati pakufunika. Thandizo lakunja limathanso kubwera pano. Mungafunike kubweretsa madzi kuti mumame kapukusi. Kapena mufunika kuchita jakisoni wamkati.

Komabe, kuthandiza wodwala ndi chinthu chabwino komanso choyenera. Imbani ambulansi, ikuthandizani kuti muchira, ingokhalani pafupi - kudzidalira kopanda phindu kumeneku kudzapulumutsa moyo wa wina ndipo mudzalandira mphotho.