Zizindikiro za hypothyroidism mwa akazi, chithandizo cha chithokomiro cha chithokomiro

Zizindikiro za hypothyroidism mwa akazi zimayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mitundu yobisika yomwe ndi yovuta kudziwa, ndipo poyambira chitukuko cha matenda, mawonetseredwe a matenda ena amawonedwa. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za hypothyroidism ndizofanana ndi kutopa. Amayi amatha kuwaphatikiza ndi pakati kapena kusakwaniritsidwa kwa kusamba.

Chithunzi cha matenda

Hypothyroidism imayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kuthekera kwa minofu kupanga mahomoni omwe akukhudzidwa ndi metabolism, amathandizira endocrine ndi urogenital system. Potere, ntchito za ziwalo zambiri zimasokonekera. Ngakhale kuti hypothyroidism imagwira ntchito, zizindikilo zake ndi zovuta zake zimachokera ku organic. Tiziwalo tating'onoting'ono timene timadalira mahomoni a chithokomiro amakhudzidwa. Hypothyroidism samakhala chidziwitso chokha. Kusowa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kwanthawi yayitali kumayambitsa zovuta zingapo zomwe zimapita patsogolo mwachangu.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa mwa akazi:

• kusamba kwa msambo,
• onenepa kwambiri
• zovuta zam'mimba,
• kutupa kwa nkhope ndi miyendo.

Tsitsi la wodwalayo limakhala loonda komanso lothina, kutayika kwawo kumawonedwa. Kusinthasintha mawu kumamveka. Njira zamaganizidwe zimayenda pang'onopang'ono. Chifukwa cha zovuta za metabolic, kuzizira kumawoneka.

Mayiyo amatopa msanga, wonani kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito. Khungu limakhala ngati kuwala kwa chikasu.

Mitundu ina ya hypothyroidism imawonetsedwa ndi kuchepa kwa kutentha ndi kamvekedwe ka minofu.

Ululu wa minofu umayenda limodzi ndi kukokana. Kusuntha kumayamba pang'onopang'ono, kusatsimikizika. Kuwonetsedwa kwa mtima

• kupweteka kumbuyo kwa sternum,
• bradycardia
• khaloku
• mtima wosamveka umamveka,
• pericarditis
• hypotension.

Wodwala amakhala woopsa komanso wolephera, kukhumudwa kumayamba. Kutha kukumbukira ndi luntha kumakulirakulira. Kuwona acuity ndi kumva kumatsitsidwa. Ndi kukomoka kwa adrenal, zizindikiro za hypothyroidism zimakulabe. Mwa akazi, libido imachepetsa, kutuluka kwa ma gmary gland kumawonekera, kusamba kumakhala kulibe.

Matendawa amakhala ndi vuto pa hematopoietic system. Anemia ndi leukopenia amakula, chitetezo chofooka chimafooka. Njira ya kwamikodzo imavutikanso - diuresis ya tsiku ndi tsiku imachepa. Mawonetsero owoneka amatendawa mu akazi:

• kuwonongeka kwa khungu,
• kufinya kwa minofu
• kutopa kwambiri
• kutsitsa magazi
• Kuchepetsa malingaliro,
• kufatsa, kusabereka.

Kusokonezeka kwamatumbo kumayambitsa kudzimbidwa, nseru, kuchepa kwa njala. Tizilombo tosiyanasiyana tosapezekapezeka timapezeka mu ndowe.

Lingaliro la hypothyroidism

Gland ya chithokomiro ndi chala chaching'ono momwe mawonekedwe a gulugufe, omwe amakhala kutsogolo kwa trachea. Ngati mungayika zala zanu m'mbali mwa apulo ya Adamu ndikudya, mutha kumva momwe zimayendera pansi pa zala. Thupi limatulutsa mahomoni a chithokomiro, omwe amawongolera kukula ndi kagayidwe kazinthu pafupifupi kalikonse m'thupi.

Gland ya pituitary, gland yaying'ono mkati mwa mutu, imawongolera kupukusa thupi ndikutulutsa timadzi tonunkhira ta chithokomiro (TSH). TSH ndi chisonyezo ku chithokomiro cha chithokomiro kuti chithandizire mahomoni a chithokomiro.

Nthawi zina mulingo wa mahomoni opatsa chithokomiro umakwera, koma chithokomiro sichitha kumasula mahomoni ena a chithokomiro. Vutoli limadziwika kuti hypothyroidism yoyamba, imayendera limodzi ndi kusintha kwa kukula kwa chithokomiro. Nthawi zina, TSH imachepa, ndipo chithokomiro cha chithokomiro sichilandira chizindikiro kuti chisinthe zinthu zomwe zimagwira. Izi zimatchedwa yachiwiri hypothyroidism.

"Mankhwala ochepa a chithokomiro" kapena hypothyroidism imayendetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Nkhaniyi ikuthandizani kuzindikira izi.

Mitundu ya matenda ndi zina zomwe zimachitika

Chifukwa cha kafukufuku wa nthawi yayitali, akatswiri adatha kufotokoza bwino za matenda amtunduwu kutengera komwe adachokera. Chifukwa chake, amasiyanitsa:

• Hypothyroidism ya pulayimale, yomwe imachitika chifukwa cha matenda omwe amapezeka mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.
• hypothyroidism yachiwiri, yomwe imayamba chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwa tchire kapena hypothalamus.

Hypothyroidism yoyamba

Amadziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwa chithokomiro chokha. Popeza chiyambi, pali mitundu iwiri ya izi:

• Congenital, yomwe imapezeka mwachindunji mwa akhanda, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda awa, monga lamulo, ndi kupezeka kwa myxedema mwa mayi nthawi yapakati,
• anapeza, kukulira monga kuvumbulidwa pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zoyipa mthupi la munthu.

Congenital hypothyroidism

Amayambitsidwa ndi aplasia kapena hypoplasia ya chithokomiro cha ana mu ana aang'ono, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chotupa pakulimbitsa thupi ndi malingaliro (cretinism).

Mtundu wofala kwambiri wamatenda umapezeka kwambiri mu 96-98% ya milandu yonse. Zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa hypothyroidism yomwe ndi:

• matenda opatsirana azachilengedwe osiyanasiyana,
• akusowa kwa ayodini kumadera omwe ali ndi vuto logona,
• Hashimoto autoimmune chithokomiro,
• kukhalapo kwa zotupa m'mimba, sarcoidosis,
• kukongola kwa chithokomiro,
• mankhwala a ayodini
• kudya kwa estrogens, androgens,
• kupanga radiotherapy, radiation chithandizo,
• kukhudzana ndi mankhwala ena (sulfonamides, glucocorticoids),
• opaleshoni ya chithokomiro.

Hypothyroidism yachiwiri

Amayamba chifukwa cha chotupa cha zotupa kapena zowopsa za pituitary kapena hypothalamus, zomwe zimayang'anira ntchito ya chithokomiro cha chithokomiro. Mtundu wachiwiri wa hypothyroidism ukhoza kupezeka ngati:

• Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni okula,
• pituitary pathologies,
• ndi kutha kwa ntchito zogonana (hypogonadism).

Akatswiri amasiyanitsa zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, pomwe matendawa alibe zizindikiro zotchulidwa ndipo amatha kuoneka ngati mawonekedwe (latent). Matenda amtunduwu ndi osowa kwambiri - pazochitika 10-20% zokha, ndipo amadziwika kwambiri ndi akazi ali ndi zaka 50.

Pamodzi ndi subclinical, pali chiwonetsero chachikulu cha hypothyroidism, matendawa akamakula msanga, ndi matenda amawonekera kumayambiriro.

Zizindikiro zake

1) Kumva kufooka kapena kutopa

Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha hypothyroidism ndikumverera kufooka m'thupi. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndikuti mahomoni a chithokomiro amawongolera mphamvu zamagetsi, amakhudza chidwi chokhala tulo komanso kugona. Mwachitsanzo, mu nyama zobisika, pamakhala kuchepa kwa mahomoni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azigona nthawi yayitali.

Kafukufuku wina, achikulire 138 omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism adakumana ndi kutopa kwakunja, adachepetsa kugwira ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, adanenanso zakusowa kwa chidwi komanso kumva kutopa kwamaganizidwe. Ndipo ngakhale kugona tulo komanso kupumula kwanthawi yayitali, omvera sanamve kupumula. Pakafukufuku wina, 50% ya anthu omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism ankakhala otopa nthawi zonse, ndipo 42% yokhala ndi matendawa anali ndi chizolowezi chowonjezera kugona.

2) Kulemera

Limodzi la mabelu omwe ali m'munsiwa ngati akudwala matenda ena ake ndiwokulira.

Osangokhala kuti anthu omwe ali ndi chithokomiro chochepa amachepetsa pang'ono, amatumiziranso chizindikiro ku chiwindi chawo, minofu ndi minyewa ya adipose kuti agwire ma calories.

Miyezo ya mahomoni itakhala yochepa, thupi limasintha kuchuluka kwa metabolic, limasinthira ku "mode" wina. M'malo motentha ma calories kuti zikule ndi kusinthanso maselo, thupi limazisunga. Zotsatira zake, thupi limasunga ma calories ambiri ngati mafuta. Ndipo kulemera kumachitika makamaka ngati zakudya sizinasinthidwe.

M'maphunziro omwe amapangidwa mwa anthu omwe akhazikitsa hypothyroidism, pafupifupi kulemera kwa 7-16 makilogalamu pachaka kwawonedwa kuyambira pakudziwidwa kwawo.

Mukachulukitsa kulemera, muyenera kuganizira kaye ngati moyo ndi zizolowezi zoipa zakhudzapo. Ngati kulemera kukweza, ngakhale mutakhala ndi zakudya komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndikofunikira kudziwitsa dokotala. Izi zitha kukhala "belu" poti kusintha komwe kumachitika mthupi.

3) Kumva kuzizira

Kutentha kumapangidwa ndikuwotcha ma calories m'thupi. Komabe, pankhani ya hypothyroidism, kuchuluka kwa metabolic kumachepa, kuchepetsa kutentha komwe kumatulutsa.

Kuphatikiza apo, mahomoni a chithokomiro "amawonjezera digiri" ya mafuta a bulauni, omwe amatulutsa kutentha. Zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri kuti thupi lisamatenthe nthawi yozizira, koma kusowa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumalepheretsa kugwira ntchito yake. Ndiye chifukwa chake nthenda yotereyi, munthu angadwale.

Pafupifupi 40% ya anthu omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism amamva kwambiri kuzizira kuposa anthu athanzi.

4) Kupweteka kwambiri ndi kufooka komwe kumalumikizana ndi minofu

Kuchepa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumasintha kagayidwe, ndipo kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu yofunikira, thupi limayamba kuwononga minofu, yomwe imatsogolera ku catabolism. Panthawi ya catabolism, mphamvu zam'mimba zimachepa, ndipo izi zimayambitsa kudzimva kufooka. Kuwonongeka kwa minofu yam'mimba kumabweretsanso zowawa.

Nthawi ndi nthawi tonse timakhala ofooka. Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi milingo yochepa ya chithokomiro amatha kupweteka kawiri poyerekeza ndi anthu athanzi. Kuphatikiza apo, kukokana kwa minofu kumachitika mu 34% ya anthu omwe ali ndi vuto ili.

Kafukufuku wokhudza anthu 35 omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism adawonetsa kuti kutenga mahomoni opanga - levothyroxine, amalimbitsa mphamvu ya minofu ndikuchepetsa ululu, poyerekeza ndi kusowa kwa chithandizo. Kafukufuku wina adawonetsa kusintha kwa 25% pathupi pakati pa anthu omwe amalandila mankhwala a mahomoni.

Kufooka ndi kupweteka ndizabwinobwino pambuyo pochita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri. Komabe, zizindikirozi zikawoneka, ndipo makamaka zikakulimbikitsidwa mosayenera, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

5) Kuchepetsa tsitsi

Chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chimakhudza tsitsi la tsitsi makamaka mwamphamvu, chifukwa malembawo amakhala ndi maselo oyambira, omwe amakhala ndi nthawi yochepa komanso osinthika mwachangu. Kutsika kwa mahomoni kumayimitsa kubwezeretsa kwa maselo, komwe kumapangitsa kutsika kwa tsitsi. Vutoli limatha pambuyo pobwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.

Pakafukufuku wina, zidapezeka kuti pafupifupi 25-30% ya odwala omwe amapita kukaona trichologist ali ndi mahomoni ochepa a chithokomiro. Manambala akwera mpaka 40% mwa anthu oposa 40. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku wina adawonetsa kuti hypothyroidism idatsogolera "kuwola" kwa tsitsi mwa 10% ya anthu omwe ali ndi mahomoni ochepa a chithokomiro.

M'pofunika kuganizira za hypothyroidism ndi kusintha kosayembekezereka kapangidwe ka tsitsi, kutayika kwawo, kuuma. Zachidziwikire, pali zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza tsitsi, koma adokotala yekha ndi omwe angathandize kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawo ndikupereka thandizo lofunikira.

6) Kuyipitsa khungu

Maselo achikopa, ngati ma follicles a tsitsi, amatha kuyambiranso. Koma amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro.

Thupi likasintha bwino pakhungu limasweka, zimatenga nthawi yambiri kuti libwererenso momwe limakhalira. Khungu lakunja - khungu - limasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono, kuwononga kuwonongeka. Komanso, maselo a khungu lakufa amakula kwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa kukwiya komanso kuuma.

Kafukufuku wina anapeza kuti anthu 74% okhala ndi mahomoni ochepa a chithokomiro anena kuti khungu louma. Komabe, 50% ya odwala omwe ali ndi mahormone abwinobwino adanenanso zovuta za khungu zomwe zimadza pazifukwa zina. Chifukwa cha izi, sizingatheke kudziwa molondola ngati zovuta za chithokomiro zimayambitsa kusokonekera komanso kuuma.

Komabe, 50% ya anthu omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism adanenanso kuti khungu lawo lidayipiraipira pazaka zapitazi. Zosintha zomwe sizingathe kufotokozedwa ndi ziwengo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zatsopano zingakhale chizindikiro cha zovuta za chithokomiro.

Pomaliza, kutsika kwa mahomoni ena kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha nthenda ya autoimmune, yomwe imakhudza khungu, imayambitsa kutupa ndi kufiyanso, kotchedwa myxedema. Myxedema yokhala ndi hypothyroidism imakhala yofala kwambiri kuposa khungu louma kapena loyipa.

7) Kumva kupsinjika kapena kukhumudwa

Hypothyroidism nthawi zambiri imabweretsa kukhumudwa. Palibe kulongosola za izi lero, makamaka izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro, kuchepa mphamvu komanso thanzi lathanzi.

64% ya azimayi ndi 57% ya amuna omwe amakhala ndi mahomoni ochepa otsika ananena za kukhumudwa. Pafupifupi ofanana omwe anali ndi nkhawa.

Kafukufuku wina, kutenga mahomoni a chithokomiro poyerekeza ndi placebo adathetsa kuvutika mtima kwa odwala omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism wolimbitsa thupi. Kafukufuku wina wa amayi achichepere omwe ali ndi kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono mu mahomoni a chithokomiro adawonetsa kuchuluka kosangalatsa, komwe kumaphatikizidwanso ndi kusakhutira ndi moyo wawo wogonana.

Kuphatikiza apo, kusinthasintha kwa mahomoni obwera pambuyo pake kumatha kuyambitsa hypothyroidism ndipo, monga chotulukapo, kuvutika maganizo kwapambuyo pake.

8) Kuchepetsa kukumbukira komanso kuchepa kwa chidwi

Odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism amakhala ndi "nebula" wam'mutu komanso kuchepa kwa ndende.

Pakufufuza kwina, 22% ya anthu omwe ali ndi mahomoni ochepa a chithokomiro adalongosola zovuta zina zowerengera tsiku ndi tsiku, 36% idaletsa kusintha, ndipo 39% idalemba kuchepa kwa kukumbukira. Pakafukufuku wina, azimayi 14 ndi abambo omwe ali ndi vuto la hypothyroidism adavutika kuloweza pamawu.

Zomwe zimapangitsa izi sizimamveka bwino, koma zovuta zokumbukira zimachotsedwa ndi mahomoni achifundo.

Kuwonongeka kwa kukumbukira kapena kusamalira nkotheka kwa aliyense, koma ngati kwadzidzidzi kapena kwotalikilapo, kumatha kukhala "belu" la hypothyroidism.

9) Kuyenda kwamatumbo

Hypothyroidism imakhudza ntchito yamatumbo.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wina, 17% ya anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lochepa la chithokomiro amadziwitsidwa, poyerekeza ndi 10% ya anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa. Pakafukufuku wina, 20% ya anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa adati vuto la kudzimbidwa likukulira, poyerekeza ndi 6% ya anthu omwe ali ndi mahomoni ambiri.

Ngakhale kudzimbidwa kumakhala madandaulo ambiri kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kupanikizika, sichidziwikire kuti kudzimbidwa ndi chizindikiro chokhacho kapena chovuta kwambiri.

10) Kutha msambo kapena kusasamba

Kutulutsa magazi mosalekeza komanso kwa msambo kumalumikizana ndi hypothyroidism.

Kafukufuku wina adapeza kuti pafupifupi 40% ya amayi omwe ali ndi mahomoni ochepa a chithokomiro adakumana ndi zovuta kusamba kapena kutaya magazi kwambiri chaka chathachi, poyerekeza ndi 26% ya azimayi omwe ali ndi matendawa. Pakafukufuku wina, azimayi 30% omwe ali ndi vuto losamba kusamba adapezeka kuti ali ndi hypothyroidism pambuyo pazowonetsa zina zomwe zidawapangitsa kuti ayesedwe.

Ma mahomoni a chithokomiro amakumana ndi mahomoni ena omwe amawongolera nthawi yanu, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kwakasalo kungasokoneze magwiridwe antchito awo. Kuphatikiza apo, tiziwopsezo timakhudza mwachindunji mazira ndi chiberekero.

Komabe, pali zifukwa zina zomwe zimakhudza kusasamba komanso kulemera kwa msambo.

Njira zoyesera

Ngati pali zizindikiro zilizonse za matendawa, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi endocrinologist yemwe adzayezetsa matenda ndi kupezeka kwa njira zodziwira, zomwe zikuphatikiza:

• Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kupezeka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro komanso kuchuluka kwawo mu seramu,
• kuyezetsa magazi kwa labotoni kuti mupeze mahomoni opatsirana a chithokomiro cha pituitary kuti azindikire chikhalidwe cha hypothyroidism: Mfundo zotsika za TSH zikuwonetsa kukula kwa hypothyroidism yachiwiri, ndipo malingaliro apamwamba amawonetsa kukula kwa hypothyroidism yoyamba,
• scintigraphy, yomwe imapangitsa kuti chithokomiro chizitha kugwira iodine ndikupanga mahomoni ake,
• kutsimikiza kwa kuchuluka kwa ma antibodies ku chithokomiro cha chithokomiro (AT-TPO), komanso thyroglobulin (AT-TG), kuchuluka kwa zisonyezo kukuwonetsa mtundu wamatenda a autoimmune
• Ubongo MPT ndi radiology zikuthandizira kuthetsa mwayi wokhala ndi sekondale (pituitary) ndi tertiary (hypothalamic) hypothyroidism,
• Ultrasound ya chithokomiro chithokomiro imathandizira kuzindikira kupezeka kapena, kutembenuka kwa zotupa kapena ma node, chifukwa chomwe chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chimatha.

Kusiyanitsa mosiyanasiyana kwa kubereka kwa hypothyroidism kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito kuunika, komwe kumachitika masiku 4-5 atabadwa mwana.

Zaka makumi angapo zapitazo, kunalibe mankhwala ogwira ntchito. Matendawa adakhala ndi moyo wautali, myxedema inali njira yodziwika bwino yopangira matenda amisala mwa azimayi. Ngati vuto la chithokomiro litakula munthawi yopanga intrauterine, cretinism nthawi zambiri imapezeka, yomwe, popanda chithandizo chokwanira, idasandulika kukhala idiocy.

Pakadali pano, mitundu ya hypothyroidism yojambulira amalembedwa kawirikawiri.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro nthawi zambiri kumadziwika pamayambiriro a matendawa ndipo amakonzedwa ndi chithandizo chamankhwala cha hormone. Ntchito ya dotolo ndikusankha mulingo woyenera wa mankhwala: L-thyroxine, Thyrecomb ndi mayendedwe awo.

Chithandizo cha hypothyroidism mwa akazi amayamba ndi kuchuluka kwamlingo wambiri, pang'onopang'ono kukulitsa mlingo. Pamene mkhalidwe waumoyo umasintha (ndi kulekerera kwabwino kwa mankhwala), Mlingo wa mahomoni umakulira mpaka zizindikirocho zitatha. Koma ngakhale pakupumula kwazizindikiro zamatenda, chithandizo sichitha. Kudziwitsidwa ndi ma mankhwala obwera ndi mahoni kumatha kukhala moyo wonse. Ngati chithandizo chimayambira pa nthawi ndipo odwala amalekerera bwino mankhwala, kuthekera kwa wodwalayo kumagwirabe ntchito.

Pali njira zamankhwala zochitira opaleshoni. Pogwira ntchito, gawo la chithokomiro cha chithokomiro limachotsedwa. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, chithandizo chamankhwala cha mahomoni chimapangidwanso.

Wodwalayo amatchulidwa kuti azikhala ndi zakudya, komanso kuchuluka kwa mavitamini ndi michere, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chama protein, komanso kuchepetsa kudya kwamafuta ndi chakudya, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku.

Malonda omwe ali ndi chakudya chamafuta (ma muffins, maswidi, masamba ndi nyama) samachotsedwa muzakudyazo, ndipo zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi zomanga thupi, masamba a masamba, komanso zakudya zophatikizika ndi mapuloteni a masamba ndi nyama zimawonjezeredwa. Popeza hypothyroidism ya chithokomiro England imayendera limodzi ndi edema, odwala amathandizidwa kuti azidya mchere wochepa, komanso zoletsa madzi. Pamaso pa kudzimbidwa, chakudyacho chimaphatikizapo:

• Zakudya zachilengedwe: beetroot, apulo, karoti,
• zipatso zouma: nkhuyu, mitengo yaminda,
• zinthu zamkaka imodzi zopatsa mkaka - yogati, kefir.

Mu mitundu yovuta ya kunenepa kwambiri, odwala amapatsidwa zakudya zapadera No. 8, zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa - mpaka 1800 kcal. Kuthana ndi zakudya kumathandizira wodwalayo kuti azidwala komanso kufupikitsa nthawi yamankhwala.

Pomaliza

Hypothyroidism kapena kuchepa kwa chithokomiro ndimavuto wamba.

Matendawa amatha kuyambitsa zambiri, monga kutopa, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kumva kuzizira. Zimathanso kubweretsa mavuto ndi tsitsi, khungu, minofu, kukumbukira, kapena kusinthasintha.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti palibe amodzi mwa mavutowa omwe ndi apadera a hypothyroidism.

Komabe, ngati pali kuphatikiza kwa zingapo mwazizindikirozi, kapena ngati zawonekera posachedwa kapena kukulitsa, ndiye kuti muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti mupeze mayeso a hypothyroidism.

Mwamwayi, nthendayi nthawi zambiri imatha kuchiritsidwa ndimankhwala otsika mtengo.

Ngati milingo ya mahomoni a chithokomiro ndi yotsika, chithandizo chophweka chimatha kusintha kwambiri moyo wanu.

Ndi chiyani, code ICD-10

Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwakutalika kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kapena kuchepa kwa mphamvu zawo kwachilengedwe.

Kukula kwakuphatikizika mu:

• zobisika (zochepa, zobisika),
• onetsani (nyengo yayitali),
• zovuta.

Kuperewera kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa kagayidwe, kuchepa kwa zonse zomwe zimayambitsa metabolism yayikulu komanso mawonekedwe a redox, ma glycoproteins amadziunjikira mu zimakhala, zomwe zimapangitsa kukulitsa kwa edema ya mucous.

Chifukwa cha zovuta izi, pafupifupi ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe amakhudzidwa.

Malinga ndi International Classifier of Matenda a kukonzanso kwa 10 (ICD-10) Hypothyroidism amatanthauza matenda a endocrine system yokhala ndi "E" ndi indices kuyambira 00 mpaka 03.

Njira yodzipatula imapatsidwa mtundu uliwonse wamatenda.. Izi ndizofunikira pakuwerengera komanso kuyerekezera kuchipatala cha matenda, chifukwa ziwerengero m'magawo osiyanasiyana, zimathandizira pakuwunika koyenera ndikusankha njira zoyenera zamankhwala.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kukhudzana kwa akazi mwa akazi zikufotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi.

Zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro za kuperewera kwapafupipafupi mwa akazi zikufotokozedwa pano. Khalani ndi chidwi ndi thanzi lanu!

Zimayambitsa chitukuko pa chonde komanso kukalamba

Kwa chachikulu (95% cha milandu) hypothyroidism maziko ndikugonjetsedwa kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, zomwe zimatsogolera pakuwonongeka kwake kogwira ntchito, komwe kumatha kubereka kapena kutengedwa.

Fomu yachiwiri chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kuthekera kwa chida cha pituitary kupanga mphamvu ya chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, mawonekedwe apamwamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa hypothalamic nuclei.

Pafupifupi mawonekedwe ofikira Amati mahomoni omwe amapezeka sachita zinthu momwe amayenera kuchitira.

Ngati banja likonzekera kuwonekera kwa mwana, mzimayi amafunika kukayezetsa magazi pokonzekera kubereka, popeza kukhalapo kwa vuto panthawi ya bere kumatha kuyambitsa kusakwanira kwa ubongo wa mwana wosabadwa ndipo kungayambitse kusokonezeka kwama maganizo.

Ngakhale chithokomiro cha chithokomiro komanso kusamba sichimalumikizana nthawi iliyonse, azimayi ambiri amakhala ndi hypothyroidism nthawi ya kusintha kwa thupi.

Kupsinjika, kuperewera kwa chakudya, kusowa tulo, kusayenda bwino kwa chilengedwe, komanso chibadwidwe chambiri zimatha kukhala zolepheretsa pantchito yofunika iyi.

Mavuto pakugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo zina zomwe zimachitika pazaka zochepa zimathanso kukhudza kugwira ntchito kwa chithokomiro.

Amayambitsa ndi zizindikiro za hypothyroidism - kusowa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro:

Chithunzi cha chipatala, zizindikiro

Chithunzi chachipatala cha matendawa chimatengera nthawi yayitali ya kusowa kwa mahomoni, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso matenda ena.

Hypothyroidism ili ndi "masks" ambiri amatha kudzisintha ngati matenda kapena ma syndromes ambiri:

• rheumatologic: polysynovitis, polyarthralgia, polyeoththgitis,
• zamankhwala: hyperkeratosis, alopecia, onycholysis, khungu lowuma, kutulutsa misomali yopyapyala yokhala ndi kupindika kapena kotenga nthawi yayitali,
• zamisala: dementia, kukhumudwa,
• kupuma: kupuma kwam'magazi (kugona), kupsya mtima, chifukwa cha matenda apakhungu a laryngitis,
• zamankhwala: kusabereka, kusowa kwamchiberekero, amenorrhea, polymenorrhea, menorrhagia, hypermenorrhea, dysfunctional uterine magazi,
• zamtima: dyslipidemia, pericardial, ndi kuphatikizika kwa mphamvu, hypotension, diastolic matenda oopsa,
• zamitsempha: tunnel syndromes (canal sypromes, carpal canal, neroneal nerve, etc.),
• gastroenterological: chapamimba mucosa atrophy, kudzimbidwa kosatha, dyskinesia wamatumbo, dyskinesia wamkulu, cholelithiasis, matenda a chiwindi, kuchepa kwa chidwi, nseru.

Ndi kuchepa kwa TSH, kuchuluka kwa chiyembekezo ndi ntchito zimachepa. Odwala omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism, hypercholesterolemia ndi dyslipidemia nawonso ndiofala.

Nthawi yochulukirapo yadutsa kuchokera pomwe matenda amayambika mwayi wokhala ndi intracranial matenda oopsa.

Munthu amakhala ndi mutu wochepa, kufooka kwa minofu, kuwawa, goosebumps, ndi kumva kugunda kwamphamvu. Mwa akazi, msambo umasokera, mastopathy amakula.

Koma wodwalayo akapita kwa dokotala. madandaulo alibe tanthauzo: misomali yothina, kugona, kutopa, kufalikira, kukumbukira kukumbukira, kudzimbidwa, kuchepa tsitsi, kunenepa kwambiri.

Mu subclinical nthawi

Zotsatira za mawonekedwe achidule ndizosiyana, sichimadziwonetsa konseosaloleza kukayikira matenda.

Madandaulo amawira mpaka kutopa ndi kufooka.

Munthawi imeneyi, magawo am'maganizo nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta., Kuchokera apa pamabwera kukhumudwa, kusamveka bwino, kukhumudwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa mantha, momwe ma antidepressants samathandizira, kukumbukira, chidwi, ndi nzeru zimachepa.

Vutoli limaphatikizidwa ndi kugona kwambiri, kugona osamva kupuma, kugona.

Momwe zimakhalira

Vutoli likamakula, zizindikiro zina zimayamba kutchulidwa, zomwe zimatengera umunthu wake.

Pang'onopang'ono mwa anthu:

• luntha lachepera
• mawu ndi osakhazikika ndipo kumva kumachepa,

• kudzimbidwa kumayamba
• Matenda a broncho-pulmonary matenda amayamba
• kupweteka kwapawiri kumayamba,
• azimayi, msambo umasokonekera, kusamba kumakhala ngati magazi,
• Kutupa kumayamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kulankhula,
• mu mawonekedwe akulu, ascites (m'mimba dzungu) limayamba.

Mwanjira yowoneka bwino matenda otchulidwa kwambiri a neuropsychiatric, makamaka mwa amayi okalamba ndi abambo, ntchito yanzeru imakhala yovuta.

Yemwe mungalumikizane naye, njira zodziwira matenda, kuyezetsa magazi

Endocrinologist amachita hypothyroidism. Kuzindikira ndi kufikika, kosavuta komanso mwachindunji.

Kuphatikiza kwa mayesawa kumathandizira endocrinologist kuti atchule vuto:

• Kukula kwakanthawi kwa TSH kumawonetsa subclinical hypothyroidism,
• kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa TSH, kuchepa kwakanthawi kofanana mu triiodothyronine (T3) ndi thyroxine (T4) - mwa mawonekedwe omveka bwino kapena owonekera, ndipo milingo ya T3 ndi T4 ikuchepera molingana ndi kukula kwa matendawa.
• ngati TSH ndi T4 zili pansipa, zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli zitha kutsalira.

Kuopsa komanso zovuta

Kuopsa kwa hypothyroidism ndikutukula mavuto ambiriambiri omwe ndi owopsa.

Uku ndi kusabereka, kuchepa magazi, kubadwa kwa mwana wosakhazikika, kukula kwa chinyengo cham'mutu mwa munthu wamkulu, matenda amtima.

Matendawa samachiritsidwa kwathunthu, ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala amoyo wonse. Ngati zonse zachitika molingana ndi zomwe akupatsidwazo, zizindikilo zimatha kuwongoleredwa, kuwaletsa kutseguka kwa moyo wawo wonse.

Pali milandu yokhudza kuchira, koma pokhapokha vutoli lidachitika chifukwa cha kusakwanira kwa kuyamwa kwa ayodini kapena kutupa kwa chithokomiro chifukwa cha kachilombo koyambitsa matenda.

Mapangidwe achikhalidwe

Njira yayikulu yothandizira ndi kuperekera kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro mthupi. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri hormone mankhwala T4.

Muyenera kumwa mankhwala okhala nawo moyo wonse. Kupatula kungakhale zochitika za hypothyroidism kwakanthawi.

Kwa matenda a mtima, Mlingo wocheperako umagwiritsidwa ntchito.oledzera kwa masabata a 6 kuyang'aniridwa ndi ECG. Pokhapokha penyani kuthekera kochulukitsa mlingo.

Hormonal mankhwala a hypothyroidism - mahomoni mankhwala, onenepa kwambiri:

Zimayambitsa chitukuko mwa akazi

Kodi zimayambitsa matendawa ndi chiyani? Popeza kobadwa nako hypothyroidism ndizofala kwambiri kuposa zomwe zimapezeka mwa akazi, zoyambitsa zimatha kukhala mwa mtundu wobadwa nawo. Kukula kwa matendawa mwa amayi kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha zinthu izi:

1. Matenda a chithokomiro - aplasia kapena hypoplasia,
2. Malo olakwika a chithokomiro ali m'dera locheperako lamkaka,
3. Kuphwanya kwa mitundu yayikulu ya chithokomiro.

Pali mitundu yotere ya hypothyroidism yomwe mwapeza:

Hypothyroidism yoyamba imayamba ndi kuwonongeka mwachindunji kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro. Zifukwa zake ndi kuchitapo kanthu kwa opaleshoni pa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, kuvulala kwake, matenda opatsirana ndikulowetsedwa, kutsitsa kwa X-ray, kuchepa kwa ayodini m'thupi, autoimmune chithokomiro.

Hypothyroidism yachiwiri, mapangidwe ake amayamba chifukwa cha zotupa m'mimba, chifukwa chotsatira chomwe masinthidwe am'maselo a chithokomiro cha chithokomiro amayamba, ndipo kupanga kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro kumachepa. Ndizotsatira zam'mimba komanso zotupa za ma pituitary gland.

Tertiary hypothyroidism ndi chotsatira cha zotupa m'magawo a hypothalamus omwe amachititsa kuphatikizika kwa mahomoni a thyroliberin (TRH) mwa azimayi ndi abambo.

Mawonekedwe oyipa a matendawa amawonedwa pakutseka ma hormone ochititsa chidwi a hypothyroid, kapena kukana kwa maselo amthupi kwa iwo.

Sayansi singapereke chidziwitso chotsimikizika chifukwa chake izi zimachitika, ndi kuthekera kwakukulu komwe zimayambitsa ndizotsatira zamtundu zopatsiridwa ndi cholowa.

Masiku ano, ndimalemba okha omwe amalembedwa ndipo chithandizo choyenera chimayikidwa.

Momwe mungazindikire hypothyroidism, zizindikiro

Kutsika kwa kupanga kwa mahomoni, mawonekedwe amtundu uliwonse wa hypothyroidism, kumakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa pafupifupi ziwalo zamkati ndi machitidwe a munthu: m'mimba, mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, urogenital komanso chapakati mantha. Zizindikiro m'mbali zonsezi ndizodziwikiratu.

Kukula ndi matendawa ndikutalika, nthawi zambiri popanda kutchulidwa koyamba pamayambiriro ake. Izi ndi mawonetseredwe osiyanasiyana, omwe nthawi zambiri amafanana ndi zizindikiro za matenda ena, amathandizira kuzindikira kwa hypothyroidism kwakanthawi. Zizindikiro zomwe zimadziwika kwambiri mu azimayi ndi monga:

• Kutopa kwambiri, kutopa,
• Kugona
• Kuchepa kwa ntchito ya ubongo ndi kukumbukira mphamvu,
• Kusamba kwamwamuna
• Kulemera kosafotokozedwa
• Kudzimbidwa
• Khungu lowuma, tsitsi lalifupi ndi misomali,
• Kutupa kumaso ndi miyendo,
• Kuvulala kopanda kutentha, manja ndi mapazi ozizira nthawi zonse.

Mowoneka, nthawi zina kuwonjezeka kwa chithokomiro m'thupi kumatha kuzindikira - kukula kwa omwe amatchedwa "goiter", "bulging eye syndrome" kumadziwika, zizindikirozi sizitha kuphonya.

Matendawa amatuluka m'magawo atatu: latent, yowonekera komanso yovuta. Gawo loyamba pamavuto ambiri silimadziwika, ndiwofunikira kwambiri matendawa, pomwe munthu akumana ndi zovuta, koma palibe chifukwa chodzifufuzira, zizindikirazi sizodziwikiratu, ndipo chithandizo sichofunikira.

Zosasangalatsa komanso zizindikiritso zimayamba kukhala zopanda chidwi komanso zosokoneza zomwe azimayi amakhala nazo, kukumbukira kukumbukira ndi kugwira ntchito.

Hypplayroidism yowonekera imatchulidwanso kuti hypothyroidism yoona mu zamankhwala. Pali mitundu iwiri:

Zizindikiro zake zimatchulidwa kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe osakanizidwa.

Hypothyroidism yovuta ndiyosowa kwambiri masiku athu ano, monga lamulo, ndi mtundu uwu wa matendawa, ziwalo zofunika za munthu zimavutika kwambiri, kulephera kwamtima, kupuma kwapang'onopang'ono (cretinism), ndi polyserositis.

Njira Zodziwitsira

Chifukwa cha chithunzi chowoneka bwino cha matendawa ndi kuchuluka kwa zizindikiritso zomwe zimadziwika ndi matenda a ziwalo zina, ndizovuta kudziwa matenda ngakhale kuchipatala chamakono.

Ndikofunikira kuti musasokoneze hypothyroidism ndi michere ina ya mahomoni yomwe imabweretsa ma ricores, matenda a Hirschsprung, kubweza msana, chondrodystrophy, matenda aliwonse ali ndi zofanana.

Kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro, kuyezetsa magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha kumachitika. Ngati mulingo wa triiodothyronine ndi thyroxine utachepa, ndipo mahomoni opatsa chithokomiro amachepetsedwa kapena kuwonjezereka, kukula kwa matendawa kungaganiziridwe.

Kutsimikizira matendawa, kumachitika chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, chomwe chimathandiza kudziwa kusintha kwazomwe zimachitika m'thupi ndi momwe zimachitidwira chimodzimodzi, komanso ngati kukomoka.

Kuti muthane ndi matendawa, chithandizo chovuta ndichofunikira. Choyamba, kugwira ntchito bwino kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro kuyenera kubwezeretsedwa - mankhwala a mahomoni amapatsidwa cholinga ichi, pambuyo pake zizindikirazo zimacheperachepera.

Monga lamulo, awa ndi omwe amaphatikizira ma mahomoni a chithokomiro. Panokha, kutengera zaka, mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a wodwala, mankhwala ndi chithandizo amasankhidwa, amene amagwira ntchito ndi sodium levothyroxni.

Mofananamo, iodotherapy imafotokozedwanso ngati pali vuto la chinthu ichi. Zakudyazo zimasinthidwa ndipo mankhwala oyenera amaloledwa. Kusankhidwa konse kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi dokotala pambuyo pofufuza zotsatira za kusanthula kwa ayodini.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo komanso zotsatirapo zake

Hypothyroidism ndi matenda oopsa komanso oopsa, kunyalanyaza komwe kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zambiri mpaka pakufa. Chithandizo chikuyenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala, kupenda mosalekeza kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro ndi zisonyezo zina. Ngakhale atatha kuchita bwino, kuyang'anira nthawi zonse ndi katswiri ndikofunikira.

Vuto lowopsa kwambiri ndi chikumbumtima cha hypothyroid, chomwe chimachitika ndi mtundu wa matenda omwe samapezeka munthawi yake. Nthawi zambiri, zimakhudza anthu okalamba, banal hypothermia, kugwedeza kwamanjenje, zoopsa zimatha kukhala provocateurs. Ngati kukomoka kwa hypothyroid ndi kokhazikika:

Popanda kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, wodwala amafa.

Mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi imakhudzidwa kwambiri. Zolemba za cholesterol zovulaza m'magazi zimakwera kwambiri, kulephera kwa mtima kumayamba, ndipo chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima chikuwonjezeka kwambiri.

Choopsa kwambiri ndichakuti kuperewera kwa matenda ndi kusakhazikika kwa matendawa ndi kusabereka kwa chithokomiro mwa ana. Kukula kwakakulirakulira, kubwezerera kwakuthupi ndi kwamaganizidwe mu chitukuko - zonsezi ndi zotsatira zazikulu zokha za matendawo, ngati chithandizo cha mahomoni sichichitika munthawi yake.

Chofunikira kwambiri pakulandira chithandizo bwino ndikuchezera kwa dotolo panthawi yake ndikukhazikitsa kwake malingaliro ake onse. Pakakhala zovuta, chithandizo chamankhwala ndi mahomoni zimapereka zotsatira zabwino komanso zosatha, zizindikirazo sizivutitsa wodwalayo konse, chidwi ndi kukhumudwa zimachoka.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti chithandizo chokwanira ndi kuchira ndi mtundu wobadwa nawo wa matendawa ndizosowa kwambiri. M'moyo wonse, wodwala amayenera kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kutsatira zakudya kuti azikhala wathanzi. Mankhwala amakono amakono alibe zotsatira zoyipa ndipo amakulolani kuti mukhale ndi moyo wosiyana ndi ena.

Fomu yomwe mwapeza ikhoza kukhala bwino ndikuchiritsidwa kenako matendawa amatha. Popeza kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumalumikizidwa ndi kukanika kwa chiwalo chilichonse, kubwezeretsa ntchito yake, mutha kubwezeretsanso kuthekera kwa chithokomiro kutulutsa kuchuluka kwamahomoni.

2 ndemanga

Hypothyroidism ndi mkhalidwe wa pathological womwe umawonetsa kugwira ntchito kwa kuchepa kwa chithokomiro, kuwonetsedwa ndi kuchepa kwa kaphatikizidwe ka mahomoni. Popeza njira zakukonzanso kosinthasintha ndikusinthanso m'thupi la munthu (mphamvu ya metabolism) zimadalira pakupanga kwa mahomoni, kuchepa kwa mahomoni kumabweretsa zolepheretsa zonse zazikulu zochita za metabolic.

Pathology imapezeka pafupifupi 3% ya anthu, ndipo mawonekedwe amtunduwu amapezeka odwala oposa 9%. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikupereka kubala, amayi okhwima komanso okalamba. Kukula kwapang'onopang'ono kwa hypothyroidism kumayambitsa zovuta zina kuzindikirika, chifukwa chachikulu cha Symbomatology chimatha kuteteza matenda ambiri.

Kodi hypothyroidism ndi chiyani?

Kodi matenda ndi chiyani?

Chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chimakhala ndi zinthu zingapo, ndipo mwa icho chokha sichimatengedwa ngati matenda opatukana. Zachidziwikire, pali chifukwa china chomwe chimayambitsa izi, chomwe chinkapangitsa kuperewera kwa chithokomiro. Njira yayitali yochepetsera ntchito yake imawonekera mu kusokonezeka kwakutali kwa thupi, ndikuyikika kwa zina zomwe matendawa amaperekanso maziko.

Maziko a hypothyroidism sikuti kusokonezeka kwachilengedwe mu minyewa ya chithokomiro komanso kusintha kwapangidwe, koma kusokonezeka kwa kapangidwe ka mahomoni (thyroxine, calcitonin, triiodothyronine), komwe kumayambitsa kusokonezeka kwina (kugwira ntchito, organoanatomical) m'malo ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi yomweyo, sikuti ntchito imaphwanyidwa, komanso mawonekedwe a anatomical.

Ndipo popeza dongosolo lathu (endocrine), lomwe limayang'anira ntchito zonse za ziwalo zamkati kudzera pamahomoni, limagwira ntchito pazolowera zoyipa, kutayika kwa chingwe cholumikizira sichingafanane ndi ntchito iliyonse. Izi zimachitika ndi hypothyroidism.

• Kuperewera kwa mahomoni achilengedwe omwe amawongolera ntchito ya chithokomiro cha chithokomiro kumayambitsa kukondoweza kwa kapangidwe ka mahomoni olimbitsa chithokomiro, omwe amawoneka mwa kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa minyewa ya minyewa - minofu, kapena zotupa zopweteka,
• Poyerekeza ndi kusokonezeka kwa mayendedwe a mahomoni a hypothalamic-pituitary - kuchepa kwa kupanga mahomoni a chithokomiro komanso kuchuluka kwa mahomoni olimbikitsa chithokomiro, prolactin synthesis imawonjezeka, komwe kumawonetsedwa ndi ma pathologies angapo mu tiziwalo ta mammary, mawonetseredwe osalekeza a galactorrhea (excretion ya colostrum ndi mkaka kuchokera ku bere, ngati akubereka kapena ayi) mahomoni kaphatikizidwe ka mazira.
• Kutsika kwa kupangika kwa mahomoni ndi tiziwalo tating'onoting'ono komanso tiziwalo timene timagonana kumawonetsedwa ndi kuperewera kwa kapangidwe ka mapuloteni (kutembenuka kwa mapuloteni) m'chiwindi, zomwe zimayambitsa magwiridwe antchito m'magazi ndi ma thumbu.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mahomoni a parathyroid ndi kusokonezeka kwa calcium metabolism, komwe kumapangitsa kutsuka kwake kwa mafupa kumapangika, mwina chifukwa cha kusowa kwa magazi komwe kumakhala ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.

Chithokomiro cha chithokomiro mwa akazi chimatha kukhala matenda odziyimira pawokha ngati vuto lakelo silinakhazikitsidwe, kapena ngati pamlingo wapadera kwambiri wa mahomoni, makulidwe azachipatala amadziwika. Muzochitika izi, zimapezeka ngati mawonekedwe a idiopathic (odziimira). Koma pali kulongosola kwa izi. Mkhalidwe wofananawo umakula motsutsana ndi maziko am'magazi (mapuloteni amitundu itatu), kapena kuchepa kwawo kwa plasma mwachangu.

Njira za Autoimmune zomwe zimachitika ndi matenda opatsirana opweteka kwambiri, kuvulala kovuta, mabala owotcha kapena kutsutsana ndi maziko a pancreatic necrosis kungayambitse izi.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali mahomoni okwanira m'magazi oyendayenda, koma amakhala osakhazikika chifukwa chodziteteza.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za hypothyroidism

Kugona, kuzizira, kuchepa kwa thupi ...

Kukula pang'onopang'ono, hypothyroidism kwa zaka zambiri mwina siziwoneka konse. Chifukwa chake, ndizovuta kudziwa pathologies yomweyo. Zizindikiro zitha kuwoneka modzidzimutsa. Pakadali pano, azimayi amatha kusokonezedwa ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana - amapita kwa dokotala ndikudandaula za kuphwanya kwamtima, amatha kumva chizungulire, kuzizira kosalekeza, komanso mayiko okhumudwitsa.

Kachitidwe koyamba ka chitukuko, madokotala amatha kukayikira mawonekedwe ena apadera a hypothyroidism, owonetsedwa mwa akazi:

• Munthawi imeneyi, wodwalayo amakumana ndi kuzizira. Amakumana ndi kuzizira nyengo iliyonse komanso mawonekedwe aliwonse m'nyumba.
• Amayi amagona masana, ngakhale amagona bwino usiku. Amakhala olepheretsa komanso osakwiya. Samazindikira mwachangu zomwe auzidwa.
• Kutsika pang'onopang'ono kwa kagayidwe kachakudya kamawonekera pakhungu ndi kuwuma komanso kutsekeka kwina.
• Kutentha kumatha kutsikira pamagawo ovuta. Vutoli, komabe, komanso kuchuluka kwake, kungawonetse nthawi yoyambira yopanga njira iliyonse ya pathological kapena kutopa kwamphamvu kwa psychoemotional.
• Kudzimbidwa kosalekeza, kuchepa kwa kugunda kwa mtima (bradycardia), ndi mavuto amanjenje zitha kuzindikirika.

Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za hypothyroidism mwa mkazi, kuzindikira ndi chithandizo sayenera kuyikidwa mu "bokosi lalitali". Ndi chithandizo chamankhwala choyambirira chokha chomwe chingaletse kukula kwa zovuta, mankhwala a moyo wonse ndi njira zosasinthika.

Kodi hypothyroidism imayamba bwanji? Zosiyanasiyana za hypothyroidism

Nthawi zambiri, chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chimapanga mahomoni potengera ayodini omwe amachokera ku chakudya: triiodothyronine (T3) ndi thyroxine (T4). Thyroxine sakhala yogwira ntchito ndipo imasandulika kukhala triiodothyronine, yomwe imamangiriza mwachindunji kumaselo amthupi, kuwapangitsa kuti azigwira ntchito moyenera. Mahomoni a chithokomiro amawongolera njira zambiri:

• kagayidwe
• ntchito yamtima,
• magwiridwe am'mimba,
• ntchito yobereka
• mulingo wazodziteteza,
• luntha
• zotengera
• khungu, tsitsi, misomali.

Pafupifupi gawo lililonse laz zochitika za anthu limafuna kutenga mahomoni a chithokomiro. Popanda zokwanira zamahomoni awa mu malo aliwonse awa, zovuta zimachitika, ndichifukwa chake hypothyroidism imadziwika ndi mitundu yambiri ya zizindikiro zomwe zimawoneka kuti sizikugwirizana ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.

Zochita za chithokomiro palokha zimayendetsedwa ndi ma pituitary gland ndi hypothalamus: ziwalo zomwe zimakhala mu ubongo. Malamulowa amachitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mahomoni opatsa mphamvu a chithokomiro omwe amapangidwa ndi gitu. Mtunduwu ndiwosavuta: ndi kuchepa pakupanga T3 ndi T4, kumasulidwa kwa mahomoni opatsa chithokomiro kumawonjezera, zomwe zimapangitsa kupanga T3 ndi T4. Chifukwa chake, ndi kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro, kupanga kwa mahomoni opatsa chithokomiro kumachepa. Chifukwa chake, thupi limasinthasintha malinga ndi chilengedwe. Kupezeka kwa matenda m'mbali iliyonse yamtunduwu wamalamulo kungayambitse hypothyroidism.

Ngati vuto limapezeka mu chithokomiro palokha, ndiye kuti hypothyroidism ndiyofunikira, koma ngati ndi pituitary kapena hypothalamus, ndiye kuti hypothyroidism imadziwika kuti ndi yachiwiri. Kuphatikiza apo, hypothyroidism ikhoza kubereka (mwachitsanzo, ndi chodabwitsa cha chithokomiro cha chithokomiro) kapena chogwidwa (mwachitsanzo, mutachotsa gawo la chithokomiro cha chithokomiro). Malinga ndi kuopsa kwa zizindikiro zamankhwala, hypothyroidism imachitika:

• latent (subclinical). Pankhaniyi, palibe zizindikiro za hypothyroidism, zimatha kupezeka pokhapokha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi,
• onetsa Poterepa, chithunzi chatsatanetsatane cha chipatala chimawonedwa.

Hypothyroidism imalipidwa ndipo imalipidwa. Kubowola koopsa kwa hypothyroidism ndi chikumbumtima cha hypothyroid (myxedema).

Zizindikiro zoonekeratu za hypothyroidism mwa akazi

Ngati zizindikiro zoyambirira siziri zachidziwikire, ndipo zimatha kuwonedwa ndi matenda ambiri, ndiye kuti kuwonekera kwa zizindikiro zapadera za hypothyroidism kumawonetsa kupendekera kwa njira ya pathological, kuwonjezera pakudziwonetsa.

• Kuyankhula pang'onopang'ono komanso kosasangalatsa
• Kuyiwalika ndi kuwonongeka kwa kukumbukira, 0
• Macroglossia (kukulitsa lilime) ndi alopecia (kutaya tsitsi),
• Khungu lowuma ndi la imvi,
• Hypotension ndi kufupika kwa mpweya,
• Chidwi chonse pa chakudya komanso kuwonda kwambiri,
• Mavuto amisala,
• Mawu omveka
• Zizindikiro za kuchepa magazi komanso thrombophlebitis.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa zizindikiro zoyambirira komanso zotsatirazi kumangowonetsa chitukuko cha matenda. Kuti mumvetse bwino zomwe zimayambitsa kusinthaku, kuyezetsa koyenera ndi endocrinologist ndikofunikira. Makamaka pokonzekera kutenga pakati, kupewa mavuto osafunikira omwe ali kale pakubala kwa mwana wosabadwayo.

Kodi chodabwitsa chachikulu cha mayi chimatha bwanji?

Kuphatikiza pa zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa, zowonetsedwa chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa metabolic, azimayi amawonetsa zizindikilo zingapo zomwe sizili konse za matendawa mwa amuna (kapena osatchulika pang'ono).

Amayi, mwaunyinji, kusakwanira kwama mahomoni akuluakulu a chithokomiro - thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine (T4 ndi T3) zimakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe awo amberekedwe:

• Zotsatira za kuwonongeka (inactivation in plasma) yamahomoni awa, ntchito zawo zimachepetsedwa kwambiri, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu pamlingo wa mahomoni a steroid (estrogens) omwe amapangidwa ndi ma ovarian follicles.
• Kupanga kwa mahomoni a pituitary (prolactin) kumachuluka.
• Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni achimuna (testosterone) kukukulira.
• Pali kuperewera kwa mahomoni opangidwa ndi hypothalamus ndi pituitary gland (follicle-stimulating and luteinizing) omwe amawongolera mahomoni ogonana azimayi.

Zotsatira za "metamorphoses" otere, azimayi amakhala ndi mavuto mu msambo - kuswa kwa kayendedwe ka kayendedwe kazinthu kakang'ono kwambiri kapena kakang'ono kwambiri, kapenanso kusapezeka kwawo kwathunthu. Kutupa kwa uterine ndikotheka. Chikhumbo chakugonana chimachepera.

Ma labotale ndi zida zothandizira

Momwe mungazindikire kuphwanya lamulo?

Kutsimikizira kwa hypofunction ya chithokomiro cha chithokomiro komanso chizindikiritso cha zomwe zimayambitsa kumachitika potsatira mayeso a endocrinologist, kupezeka kwa mawonekedwe apadera, madandaulo a wodwala komanso zotsatira za matenda othandizira ndi othandizira.

1. Pozindikira za labotale, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro komanso chiseyeye cha m'mimba m'magazi chapezeka. Kutsimikizira kwa hypothyroidism kumatha kukhala chidziwitso chowonjezeka cha mahomoni a chithokomiro (chithokomiro), ndipo mahomoni a pituitary amatha kukhala ndi chisonyezo chilichonse (kuchuluka ndi kuchepa).
2. Kukhalapo kwa autoantibodies ku chithokomiro cha chithini kutsimikiza.
3. Magawo am'magazi a biochemical amawerengedwa. Kukhalapo kwa matenda am'mimba kumatsimikiziridwa mosadziwika ndi cholesterol yokwezeka ndi zinthu zina zamafuta (lipids).

Maluso opanga zida ndi monga:

1. Kukongoletsa kwa chithokomiro, komwe kumawonetsera kuti ayodini wa ayodini amatengeka mwachangu motani. Kutsika kwa mayamwidwe kumawonetsa hypothyroidism.
2. Ultrasound ya gland, yomwe imathandizira kuzindikira kusintha kwa pathological mu mawonekedwe ake - zisindikizo, kukulitsidwa ndi zovuta zina.
3. Malinga ndi zomwe zikuwonetsedwa, chithokomiro chabwino cha singano kapena scintigraphy chitha kuchitidwa kupatula kapena kutsimikizira oncology kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko.
4. Ma electrocardiogram omwe amathandizira kukhazikitsa kunyentchera ndi kugunda kwa mtima.
5. Electroencephalography, yomwe imathandizira kuzindikira kutsika kwa psyche.

Kuzindikiritsa kwapamwamba kumathandizira kupangira chithunzi cha matendawa ndikuwona njira yoyenera yothandizira matenda a hypothyroidism.

Hypothyroidism Chithandizo - Hormone Therapy

Therapeutic Therapy imatengera kupumula kwa zifukwa zazikulu za hypothyroidism. Tsoka ilo, sizotheka nthawi zonse, ndipo zotsatira zabwino ndizochepa. Mitundu yovutayi imaphatikizaponso chithandizo chamankhwala a hypothyroidism:

• Mankhwala a Cardioprotective mu mawonekedwe a Riboxin, Preductal, Trimetazidine, AFT ndi Mildronate.
• Pogwiritsa ntchito mtima glycosides - Digoxin, Korglikon, Strofantina.
• Vitamini maofesi - "Neurobeks", "Aevita", "Milgama".
• Mankhwala a nootropic ndi neuroprotective kuti athandize ubongo kugwira ntchito.
• Ndi chotupa chachikulu, ma Mlingo wochepetsetsa wa okodzetsa amalembedwa - "Lasix" kapena "Furosemide."
• Mikhalidwe yovuta imayimitsidwa ndi mankhwala ngati Persena, Volokordin kapena Corvalol.

Kuphatikiza pa kukonzekera kwa pharmacological, chithandizo cha hypothyroidism chimathandizidwa ndi zakudya zosankhidwa bwino zomwe sizimapatula zinthu kuchokera kuzakudya zomwe zingachepetse katulutsidwe ka mahomoni a chithokomiro. Maembe, mapira, chimanga ndi mbatata zotsekemera siziyenera kuperekedwa kuchakudya. Chepetsani kugwiritsa ntchito adyo ndi anyezi.

Zoyimira m'malo mwa thyroxine ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo - Levothyroxine, Triiodothyronine, Thyroidin, Eutirox, kapena Bagotirox. Maphunzirowa ndi mlingo wake amakhala aliyense payekha. Funso lakukhazikitsidwa kwa ndalama zokhala ndi ayodini limasankhidwa payekha.

Ndi zizindikiro za zotumphukira (zotumphukira) hypothyroidism, pamene zimakhala ndi ziwonetsero zikuwonetsa kukana (chitetezo) ku mahomoni a chithokomiro, malo awiri a mahomoni (triiodothyronine ndi thyroxine) kapena mitundu yawo yophatikizika mwa "Tiyrecomba", "Tireotom-fort" kapena "Tireotoma" amaperekedwa kwa odwala . Kupanda kutero, chithandizo sichingapatse phindu.

Muzochitika zomwe odwala adachitapo, chifukwa chakufunika, chithandizo cha radiation kapena kuchotsedwa kwa chithokomiro, chithandizo chamankhwala cha hormone chimachitika m'moyo wonse.

Monga njira yosungitsira chitetezo chokwanira, chithandizo cha hypothyroidism chokhala ndi "bads" "Endonorm", "Bi-mungu", "Garcinia", "Kelp" kapena "Grepine" ndi mankhwala. Awa ndi mankhwala omwe amasintha njira za metabolic. Onsewa ndi ochokera kumera, mphamvu zake zimatheka mwa njira yayitali yosankhidwa mwapadera.

Kodi zovuta zomwe zingachitike ndi ziti?

Mwa azimayi pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, izi zimatha kuwonetsedwa pakulakwitsa kwamkati mwa ziwalo za mwana ndikubadwa kwake ndikusakwanira kwa chithokomiro.

Mwa amayi omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism, ntchito yobereka imalephera, yomwe imawopseza kubereka. Matenda oyipa amatuluka, omwe amawoneka pakupitilira kwa matenda amtundu, kukula kwa matenda pafupipafupi ndi matenda a oncological.

Zoyambitsa Hypothyroidism

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a hypothyroidism ndi awa:

• autoimmune chithokomiro (matenda a Hashimoto),
• Kuchotsa gawo la chithokomiro.
• chithokomiro
• Mankhwala opangidwa ndi lithiamu (Qulonum, Kontemnol, Litosan, Sedalit), kukhazikitsa mankhwala osiyanitsa ndi ayodini
• kuchuluka kwa ayodini ndi selenium pachakudya,
• mankhwalawa ndi ayodini wa radioactive, kukhuthala kwa minofu ya chithokomiro.
• matenda a pituitary gland ndi hypothalamus (zotupa, kuvulala, zotupa, ntchito mderali ndi zina).

Hypothyroidism imadziwika ndi kulephera kwamankhwala angapo, ndiye kuti, kukhalapo kwa nthawi yomweyo kwa zizindikiro zosonyeza matenda a ziwalo zosiyanasiyana. Chizindikiro chimodzi cha hypothyroidism nthawi zonse chimakhala chosamveka, chomwe chimapangitsa kutsimikizira kwa matendawa. Wodwala m'modzi sangakhale ndi zizindikilo zonse nthawi imodzi. Nthawi zambiri, angapo aiwo amakhala ambiri, pomwe ena onse amakhala kuti adakhalapo kale, kapena sapezeka konse. Kukula kwa zizindikiro za munthu kumasinthasintha, nthawi zina kumangolakwika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osintha m'thupi (chifukwa hypothyroidism imakhala yofala pambuyo pa zaka 55-60.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za hypothyroidism ndi:

• asthenic syndrome. Odwala omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism amadera nkhawa kufooka wamba, kutopa, kutopa, kapena kumangokhala wotopa. Kukumbukira kumachepa, kuthamanga kwa njira zamaganizidwe, ntchito zimachepa. Kugona kumadziwika ngakhale kugona mokwanira patsiku. Chidwi m'moyo watayika, kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro ndi chidwi pa chilichonse chomwe chikuchitika chimayamba. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala zinthu zosasangalatsa mthupi lonse: kukwawa, dzanzi, kumva kulira, kuwotcha, ndi zina zotero. Mutu, kupweteka kwa minofu ndi kupweteka kumatha kuvutika
• kagayidwe kazinthu matenda. Choyamba, ndi khungu louma (nthawi zina limakhala ndi jaundice), kutupa kwake (makamaka pankhope ndi mbali zotumphukira za malekezero, omwe amapereka mawonekedwe a munthu, ndikhululukireni, yemwe adadzuka pambuyo poti wapulumutsidwa tsiku lachiwonetsero kale), brittleness ndi kuchuluka kwa tsitsi. Misomali imakhala yopyapyala, yokhalitsa, imakhala yocheperako kapena yaukali. Odwala otere nthawi zambiri amakhala onenepa kwambiri, ngakhale amatha kudya pang'ono. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chosunga madzi kwambiri mthupi komanso kuchepa kwa njira zama metabolic. Odwala omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism amakhala ozizira nthawi zonse, ngakhale nyengo yotentha, ndipo chisanu nthawi zambiri samalekerera. Kutentha kwamthupi nthawi zambiri kumakhala pansi pa 36.6 ° C,
• kutupa kwa minofu. Kuphatikiza pa kufinya kwa nkhope ndi miyendo, ndi hypothyroidism mawu amakhala otsekemera chifukwa cha kutupira kwa m'mimba, kupuma kwammphuno kumasokonezeka (kumakhala kovuta komanso kufupika) chifukwa cha kutupa kwa mucosa wamkamwa, makutu amalekeka (chifukwa cha kutukusira kwa chubu lamkamwa komanso khutu lapakati), milomo imakhuthala, zala zam'manja zimangokhala lilime, kuyankhula kumachepetsa pang'ono (chifukwa chakuchepera kwa lilime lotupa). Monga mukuwonera, zambiri mwazizindikiro zimawoneka kuti zikuchulukana ndi chilengedwe chakukalamba kwa thupi, chifukwa chake sizidziwika ngati matenda, ngakhale ndi wodwalayo kapena ndi ena,
• kutsika kwa kugunda kwa mtima (bradycardia) ndi kutsika kwa magazi (hypotension). Mukamawunika odwala oterowo, magazi a systolic ("kumtunda") nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika kapena abwinobwino, komanso diastolic ("m'munsi") okwera. ECG imadziwika ndi voliyumu yotsika kwambiri (kutalika kwa mano onse ndi otsika), mafunde olakwika a T. Pakhoza kukhala kutulutsa kwamadzimadzi pakati pa ziwalo za mtima. Pankhaniyi, pericarditis imayamba. Kuwonetsedwa pafupipafupi kwa hypothyroidism ndiko kulephera kwa mtima ndi kupuma pang'ono komanso kupweteka mumtima,
• mavuto ndi m'mimba thirakiti. Motility yam'mimba komanso matumbo okhala ndi hypothyroidism imachepetsa, chakudya chimachedwa nthawi yayitali kudipatimenti iliyonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta m'mimba, kugona, kuthawa, kugona, kudzimbidwa, nseru. Ndikotheka kuwonjezera kukula kwa chiwindi (hepatomegaly) chifukwa cha kusungika kwa madzi m'thupi la chiwindi, zomwe zimachitika mu dyskinesia wa biliary malinga ndi mtundu wa hypotonic,
• mavuto ndi gonads. Kugwira ntchito kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi kubisika kwa mahomoni ogonana. Ndi hypothyroidism mwa akazi, msambo umasokonezeka mpaka kusakhalapo kwathunthu kwa kusamba, kutulutsa magazi kwa uterine nthawi zina kumawonedwa, mwayi wokhala ndi pakati uli pafupi ndi zero. Mwina chinsinsi kuchokera ku tiziwalo tamwakazi kutengera mtundu wa mkaka wa m'mawere, kukula kwa mastopathy. Kuyendetsa kugonana kumachepetsedwa
• kuchepa magazi Chiwerengero chonse cha maselo ofiira am'magazi ndi zinthu za hemoglobin zimachepa
• kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi ndi atherosulinosis woyambira wamitsempha,
• chizolowezi chofikira pafupipafupi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chitetezo chathupi.

Chovuta china chachikulu kwambiri cha hypothyroidism ndi chikomokere (hypoxroid (myxedema)). Imatha kuchitika ngati matenda oopsa sagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu, kapena ngati ali kwambiri. Myxedema chikomichi chimakwiyitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zofunika kwa thupi, pakakhala kusuntha kwa mphamvu ndikofunikira. Kungakhale matenda opatsirana, kupsinjika kwa m'maganizo, Hypothermia, kumwa ma antipsychotic ndi barbiturates, kuvulala thupi, opaleshoni, kuledzera chakudya, ndi zina zambiri.

Hypothyroid chikomokere chimayamba pang'onopang'ono. Zikachitika, Zizindikiro zonse za hypothyroidism zimakulira: chikumbumtima kuyambira kugona mpaka kukomoka imasokonezeka, kuthamanga kwa mtima kumachepa komanso kupuma, magazi amatsika kwambiri, kutentha kwa thupi kumatsika mpaka 35 ° C ngakhale kutsika, thupi limatupa, kukodza kumayamba kuchepa, komanso kutsekeka kwamatumbo mwamphamvu kumayamba. pamakhala kupindika m'mitsempha ya m'mimba, m'matumbo am'mimba komanso m'mimba, zomwe zimakhala ndimagazi zimatsika, tsitsi kumutu komanso m'mphepete zimatuluka. Ndi kuchuluka kwa kupuma komanso mtima kulephera popanda chithandizo chokwanira, wodwala amatha kufa. Kufa kwa hypothyroid kukomoka kumafika 80%.

Zizindikiro

Kuzindikira kwa hypothyroidism ndikosavuta. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikukaikira kupezeka kwake, ndikuzindikira zonse zomwe wodwala akuchita. Nthawi zina mawonetseredwe a hypothyroidism samayang'aniridwa limodzi, zomwe zimayambitsa kuzengereza kuzizindikira.

Njira yayikulu yodziwitsira, kapena kutsimikizira, hypothyroidism ndi kuyesa kwa magazi pazomwe zili ndi mahomoni a chithokomiro. Ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zili mu chithokomiro chithokomiro cha chithokomiro (TSH), thyroxine (T4) ndi triiodothyronine (T3). Mu hypothyroidism, milingo ya TSH ikhoza kukwezedwa, kutsika, kapena ngakhale yabwinobwino, koma milingo ya T3 ndi T4 yafupika.

Njira zina zonse zodziwira matenda oopsa a hypothyroidism (ultrasound ya chithokomiro, kutsimikiza kwa kuchuluka kwa maginito otulutsa minyewa, chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, kulingalira kwa maginito a ubongo, ndi zina zambiri) sikufuna kutsimikizira kukhalapo kwa hypothyroidism, koma kupeza chifukwa chenicheni, ndiye kuti, matendawa mawonetseredwe ake.

Njira yayikulu yothandizira matenda a hypothyroidism lero ndikulandila chithandizo ndi mahomoni opanga a chithokomiro. Nthawi zambiri, Levothyroxine (L-thyroxine, Eutirox) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazolinga izi. Mlingo umasankhidwa aliyense payekha kwa wodwala aliyense (nthawi zambiri amamutsimikizira muyezo wowonjezereka mpaka kuchuluka kwa mahomoni amwazi). Mlingo wocheperako wa mankhwalawa ndi 12.5 mcg. Levothyroxine ayenera kumwedwa m'mawa 20-30 mphindi asanadye.

Kutalika kwa mankhwalawa kumatsimikiziridwa payekhapayekha ndipo zimatengera zomwe zimayambitsa hypothyroidism. Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, ndi autoimmune chithokomiro, chithandizo chamankhwala chimayikidwa m'moyo, ndi hypothyroidism chifukwa chotenga mankhwalawa, mpaka kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro m'magazi amakhazikika. Nthawi zina, kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwama mahomoni m'magazi, ndikofunikira kutenga Levothyroxine kwa miyezi ingapo (izi zimachitika makamaka kwa odwala okalamba). Ndi kumwa kwa Levothyroxine kosalekeza, ndikofunikira nthawi zina kuyesedwa kozizira za TSH, T3 ndi T4 kuti muthe kusintha.

Ngati chifukwa cha hypothyroidism chinali kusowa kwa ayodini mu chakudya, ndiye kuti kuwonjezeka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake (mchere wa iodized), ndipo nthawi zina kayendetsedwe kake ngati mawonekedwe osokoneza bongo, kungathandizenso kuchira.

Zizindikiro zambiri za hypothyroidism ndizosintha kwathunthu, chinthu chachikulu sikuti kuyambitsa matendawa komanso kusadzilimbitsa. Simuyenera kuopa kupatsidwa mankhwala okhala ndi mahomoni. Ndi mlingo wosankhidwa moyenera, mavuto omwe samachitika kawirikawiri, ndipo moyo umayenda bwino kwambiri. Ndipo simuyenera kupanga kuchotsera zaka: ndipo zaka 70-80 thanzi liyenera kukhala lokwanira!

Chifukwa chake, hypothyroidism imatha kukhala chifukwa chamachitidwe osiyanasiyana amthupi la munthu. Zizindikiro za mkhalidwewu ndizambiri komanso sizachilendo. Kuzindikira kwa hypothyroidism si kovuta, chinthu chachikulu ndikukayikira kukhalapo kwake. Chofunika kwambiri pa chithandizo cha mankhwalawa ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chomwe chimakupatsani mwayi wobwezeretsa wodwalayo ku moyo wonse.

Katswiri wakuchipatala cha Siena-Med amalankhula za hypothyroidism:

Mankhwala othandizira komanso othandizira, mavitamini

Chithandizo cha Syndrome chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ichepetse kupita patsogolo kwa kusintha kwa minofu ndi ziwalo chifukwa chosowa mahomoni ofunikira.

Momwe mungapangire chithokomiro cha chithokomiro mwa akazi? Titha kutumizidwa:

• ubongo kagayidwe kakulidwe
• mtima glycosides,
• zamatsenga
• kukonzekera mahomoni ogonana,
• mavitamini.

Dokotala amawunika kuyenerera kwa vuto lililonse. Amasankha ngati kuchuluka kwa muyezo, muyezo kapena muyezo wofunikira ndi wodwala.

Zithandizo za anthu

Ndalama zochokera ku pharmacy ya dziko lonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito atakambirana ndi dokotala.

Mutha kusakaniza zitsamba zingapo nthawi imodzi, nthawi zina kusintha kapangidwe kake.

Zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zipatso za chokeberry, masamba a mtedza, masamba a paini, mizu ya maral, zipatso zamtundu wa juniper, chamomile kapena maluwa a calendula, wort wa St. John, mbewu za fulakesi, munda wa mahatchi, kuthengo kwamaluwa, chicory, dandelion ndi mizu ya licorice, masamba a lingonberry.

Kupewa ndi kuchiza kwa hypothyroidism ndi wowerengeka azitsamba:

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zakudya

Mzimayi amafunika kukonza zakudya - azidzaza zakudyazo ndi mapuloteni, kuchepetsa mafuta ndi chakudya.

Phindu labwino ndikugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chomwe chili ndi ayodini.: nkhanu, nsomba zam'nyanja, sitiroberi, yogati yachilengedwe, mbatata zophika, etc.

Palibe chakudya ngakhale chimodzi chomwe chitha kuchiritsa hypothyroidism, koma kudya moyenera kumachepetsa zizindikiro zina: kunenepa kwambiri, chizolowezi cha edema, matenda a metabolism, kubwezeretsa minofu yazakudya.

Imalimbikitsa zomwe zalembedwa mankhwala tebulo No. 10c malinga ndi Pevzner.

Zakudyazo zimatha kukhala ndi mkate wa dzulo, mabisiketi owuma, soseji zamafuta ochepa, nsomba zam'nyanja, nyama yopendekera, mkaka wosenda, zipatso, masamba amchere, zipatso (mogogomezera kiwi, Persimmon, feijoa), nsomba zam'madzi, khofi woswedwa pang'ono kapena mkaka.

Zakudya za soya ndizoletsedwa, popeza zina mwazomwe zimapanga zimalepheretsa zochitika za chithokomiro, masamba opaka pazifukwa zomwezo, madzi osapopera, chakudya chamafuta ndi cholesterol, chakudya cham'mimba chambiri komanso zakudya zopanga gasi.

Momwe mungathanirane ndi ana ndi akulu, nthawi yayitali

Atsikana achichepere komanso azaka zapakati mankhwalawa atha kuyamba kumwa L-thyroxine pa 25 mgk patsiku.

Kwa okalamba Mankhwalawa amayamba ndi kuchuluka kwa 12,5 mgk patsiku, omwe amachulukitsa ndi 12,5 mgk tsiku lililonse la 10 mpaka 10, ena amapatsidwa zosakwana 1 mgk / kg patsiku.

Popeza chithandizo cha mahomoni a chithokomiro chimakhudza momwe mtima ulili, mitsempha yamagazi, dongosolo lamanjenje, mukamasankha mulingo komanso kuchuluka kwake, anthu okalamba amayamba kudandaula chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osasangalatsa.

Kenako mlingo umayimitsidwa. Matendawa samachiritsidwa kwathunthu, atazindikira kuti mankhwalawo akhazikika, chithandizo chimatenga nthawi yayitali.

Zotheka zomwe zingachitike, zakanenedweratu

Amayi ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti popanda kulandira mankhwala a mahomoni, zotsatira zake ndizotheka:

• kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira,
• mavuto amtima
• kulimbikira kwamankhwala,
• kuchepa kwa malingaliro,
• kusamba kwa msambo
• kuwonongeka kwa tiziwalo tating'onoting'ono tambiri, thumba losunga mazira, maliseche akunja,
• kuchepa kwakukulu kwamahomoni, zomwe zimatsogolera ku kukomoka kwa mtima.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhazikitsidwa ndi katswiri, zizindikirazi zimatha kuwongoleredwa ndikukhala popanda kuwayambitsa kwa moyo wawo wonse.

Ngati ma anti-Muller hormone amakhala okwera mwa akazi, zimatanthauzanji? Dziwani zambiri kuchokera patsamba lino.

Za zomwe zimadziwika kuti bilirubin m'magazi a amayi apakati zimapezeka mu nkhani yathu.

Njira zopewera

Mkazi aliyense ayenera kutsatira malamulo osavuta:

• yesani kudya zakudya zopatsa mavitamini, mchere, ayodini,
• musalole matenda a ubongo, chithokomiro
• musamwe mankhwala popanda mankhwala a dokotala,
• musasute, popeza izi ndi zotupa za chithokomiro ndi mmero,
• munthawi yakusankhapo kuti mutenge othandizira.

Mayi ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi lake, ndipo akayamba kudwala kapena akuwoneka kuti ali ndi zofooka, kukaonana ndi endocrinologist nthawi yomweyo.