Matenda obisika: zimayambitsa, Zizindikiro, chithandizo

• 1 Kuopsa kwa matenda ashuga apambuyo
• 2 zoyambitsa
• 3 Zizindikiro za matenda am'mbuyomu
• 4 Kuzindikira matendawa
• 5 Kuchiza matenda am'mbuyomu
  • 5.1 Chithandizo cha Mankhwala
  • 5.2 Zakudya za matenda
• 6 Kupewa Matenda

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Mkhalidwe wa matenda ashuga omwe umachitika popanda chizindikiro cha matendawa umatchedwa latentabetes mellitus. Matendawa amatchedwa latent. Zizindikiro zomwe mtundu wobisika wamatenda ungakayikiridwe umaphatikizapo kuyabwa ndi khungu, kusintha kwa thupi, komanso ludzu lalikulu. Ndikofunikira kuti hafu ya odwala omwe adwala matenda ashuga okhawo omwe amadwala matendawa ndi 2 okha. Ndi kuzindikira koyambirira kwa matenda a zam'kati ndi chithandizo cha panthawi yake, kukula kwa matendawa komanso zovuta zowopsa zitha kupewedwa. Kuti mumve izi, ndikayamba kwa zizindikiro za matenda, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Kuopsa kwa matenda ashuga apambuyo

Choopsa cha matenda otere ndikuti mtundu wamtunduwu wa shuga suwonekera mwanjira iliyonse, koma kusintha kukuchitika kale m'thupi la munthu. Matendawa amatha kuchitika mwa ana ndi akulu omwe. Koma ndizochulukirapo mwa akazi kuposa amuna. Ndi mtundu womaliza wa matenda ashuga, kuwonongeka kwamitsempha kumachitika mthupi, chiopsezo cha matenda amtima chikuwonjezeka. Kuopsa kwa zotsatira zakupha ndi vuto la mtima komanso kuwopsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga owonjezera kumawonjezeka kangapo. Palinso kuchepa kwamawonedwe ndi mavuto okhala ndi ulusi wamanjenje.

Bweretsani ku zomwe zalembedwa

Zomwe zimachitika

Kuwonekera ndi kupita patsogolo kwa matenda am'mimba kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu izi:

• chibadwa
• moyo wosachita bwino
• kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira,
• matenda a kapamba,
• mavuto
• kumwa mowa wambiri ndi maswiti,
• kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni
• kupanikizika pafupipafupi
• otsika a potaziyamu m'magazi.

Gulu lamavuto limaphatikizapo:

• Anthu okalamba. Zizindikiro za matendawa zimafotokozedwa mu 90% ya okalamba.
• Ndi chibadwa. Anthu omwe ali ndi makolo omwe akudwala ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a shuga.
• Odwala onenepa. Kulemera kumawoneka ndi zakudya zosayenera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zochita za metabolic zisafike bwino m'thupi.
• Amimba Pa nthawi ya pakati, kuchepa kwa chidwi cha maselo kupita ku insulin kumapezeka.
• Anthu omwe adakumana ndi matenda opatsirana a etiology. Pambuyo pa matenda opatsirana, kuwonongeka kwa kapamba kumadziwika nthawi zambiri.
• Chiwopsezo chikuwonjezeka mwa azimayi omwe ali ndi polycystic ovary.

Bweretsani ku zomwe zalembedwa

Zizindikiro za matenda am'mbuyomu

Matendawa amatuluka popanda chiwonetsero chilichonse cha zisonyezo kapena zizindikiro zake.

Pali zizindikiro zotere za matenda am'mbuyomu:

• mawonekedwe a kuyabwa ndi khungu
• ludzu lalikulu ndi kamwa yowuma
• kusintha koopsa kwa thupi,
• ulesi
• kutopa,
• kuvuta kwamomwemo
• mutu
• kupweteka mumtima
• kuvutika kugona
• kuchepa kwa masomphenya
• kupopa kwambiri komanso pafupipafupi,
• misomali yothina
• maonekedwe a kuyabwa mu perineum,
• kuchuluka kwa khungu.

Bweretsani ku zomwe zalembedwa

Kuzindikira matendawa

Mtundu womaliza wa matendawa ulibe chilichonse ndipo matenda ake amafunika uphungu wothandiza. Atafufuzidwa, madokotala amazindikira kuyuma ndi kutsekeka kwa khungu, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa thupi. Pakutola anamnesis, odwala amawona kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ambiri, pakamwa owuma, kutopa kwambiri komanso kusakwiya. Pambuyo pake, madokotala amatenga matenda osiyanasiyana ndi matenda ena. Kuti mudziwe shuga wamtundu wamtunduwu wamatenda, amadziwika kuti ayesedwe:

• shuga wamagazi
• kusanthula shuga
• kuyeserera kwa shuga
• shuga mkodzo.

Komanso, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mphamvu ya glucose ya prenisone kuti adziwe matendawa:

• Pakadutsa masiku atatu, wodwalayo ayenera kudya zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta osachepera 300 g.
• Koyenera muzakudya kuchuluka kwamapuloteni ndi mafuta ambiri kuyenera kukhala koyenera.
• Maola 2 asanadye shuga, "Prednisolone" (osapitirira 12.5 mg) imayendetsedwa.
• Ngati pamimba yopanda kanthu kuchuluka kwa shuga kumadutsa 5.2 mmol / l, ndipo patatha maola 2 - 7 mmol / l, ndiye kuti wodwalayo akutsimikizira shuga wodwala.

Kuzindikira mtundu wamtundu wa matenda kumachitidwanso pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a Staub-Traugott. Chofunikira chake ndikuti wodwalayo amatenga 50 g ya glucose ndipo patapita kanthawi mlingo wina wapadera. Mwa anthu omwe alibe matenda a shuga, kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonedwa pokhapokha muyezo woyamba, ndipo mwa odwala kudwala kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi atatha kudya koyamba komanso kwachiwiri.

Onaninso mayeso oterowo:

• kuyezetsa magazi konse
• urinalysis
• zamankhwala amwazi
• Ultrasound yam'mimba.

Bweretsani ku zomwe zalembedwa

Chithandizo cha matenda am'mbuyomu

Mankhwala amakono apanga mankhwala omwe atha kuletsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Matenda a shuga oopsa ndi matenda oopsa, kotero kuti muthandizike moyenera, muyenera kupita kuchipatala. Akavomera, katswiri amasanthula wodwalayo ndikupereka njira zapadera zodziwonera. Pambuyo pakuzindikira, dokotala amapanga njira yothandizira. Monga chithandizo, mankhwala ndi zakudya zapadera zimayikidwa.

Bweretsani ku zomwe zalembedwa

Mankhwala

Mtundu womaliza wa matenda a shuga umalandiridwa ndi mankhwalawa:

Bweretsani ku zomwe zalembedwa

Kupewa matenda

Popewa matenda am'mbuyomu, muyenera kukhala ndi moyo wakhama, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kutsatira malangizo a kadyedwe. Muyeneranso kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa ndikuwunika kunenepa kwambiri. Onetsetsani kuti mwayeza kuchuluka kwa shuga tsiku lililonse. Ngati chiwonetsero chilichonse chosasangalatsa cha matendawa chikuchitika, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Matenda a achinyamata

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge kaye “shuga mu Ana” ndi “Type 1 shuga a Ana”. M'nkhani ya lero, tikambirana za zomwe achinyamata achinyamata ali nazo. Tiona momwe tingachitire zinthu moyenera kwa makolo ndi wachinyamata yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuti achedwetse zovuta, kapena bwino, kuti tipewe zonse.

Wachinyamata amafuna kuti azisonyeza ufulu wake payekha. Chifukwa chake, makolo anzeru pang'onopang'ono akutumiza udindo wambiri wowongolera matenda a shuga kwa iye. Koma ngakhale atakula, si achinyamata onse omwe amatha kuyang'anira thanzi lawo mosamala. Zomwe zimachitika m'maganizo zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pochiza matenda osokoneza bongo a achinyamata.

Kodi zizindikilo za matenda ashuga za achinyamata ndi ziti?

Magaziniyi yafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani yakuti "Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga kwa ana" m'gawo "Kodi pali zizindikiro zapadera za matenda ashuga kwa achinyamata?" Mwambiri, zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mu achinyamata zimafanana ndi akulu. Makhalidwe a shuga muubwana samayanjananso ndi zizindikiro, koma njira zamankhwala zochizira matenda akulu.

Pakupezeka koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga, achinyamata nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi khungu lowuma komanso mucous nembanemba chifukwa chadzaza madzi. Matenda a shuga amatha kuwoneka pamasaya, pamphumi kapena pachifuwa. Pa mucous nembanemba wamkamwa, pamakhala kupsinjika kapena stomatitis (kutupa).

Matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri amatsogolera ku seborrhea (dandruff) pakhungu, ndikukhazikika pamiyendo ndi pansi. Milomo ndi milomo yamlomo imakhala yofiyira, yowuma. Mwa ana ndi achinyamata, kukulitsa chiwindi kumadziwika nthawi yoyamba kuyesa matenda ashuga. Zimadutsa pomwe shuga wamagazi amachepa.

• Momwe mungachepetse shuga kuti azikhala ndi zakudya zochepa
• Nthawi ya kukwatirana kwa matenda amtundu woyamba ndi momwe angatalikire
• Mtundu woyamba wa shuga 1 mwa mwana amathandizidwa popanda insulin pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zoyenera. Mafunso ndi banja.
• Magazi a shuga. Kangati patsiku shuga amayeza ndi glucometer
• Mapiritsi a Siofor ndi Glucofage (ngati pali kunenepa kwambiri mu mtundu woyamba wa shuga)
• Momwe mungaphunzirire kusangalala ndi maphunziro akuthupi

Zomwe zimachitika ndi matenda ashuga mukamakula

Pa nthawi yakutha msambo, njira ya matenda ashuga mu achinyamata imachulukirachulukira, pazifukwa zathupi komanso zamaganizidwe. Pakadali pano, mphamvu ya mahomoni m'thupi imasintha mwachangu, ndipo izi zimachepetsa chidwi cha minyewa kupita ku insulin. Izi zimatchedwa insulin kukana, ndipo zimakweza shuga wamagazi ngati matenda ashuga sawayendetsa bwino.

Kuphatikiza apo, poyesera kuti asadziwike pakati pa anzawo, achinyamata nthawi zina amasowa jakisoni wa insulin, kudya zakudya zopanda pake ndi mowa chifukwa cha kampani kapena kudumphira chakudya. Amakonda kuchita zikhalidwe zowopsa komanso zowopsa, zomwe zimakhala zowopsa kwa odwala matenda ashuga chifukwa choopsa cha hypoglycemia.

Kuchiza matenda achinyamata

Cholinga chamankhwala ochizira achinyamata ndikusunga hemoglobin HbA1C yapakati pa 7% ndi 9%. Mwa ana aang'ono, chizindikiro ichi chikhoza kukhala chapamwamba. Ngati glycated hemoglobin imaposa 11%, ndiye kuti shuga imawerengedwa kuti satha kuyendetsa bwino.

Pazidziwitso zanu, kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated mwa anthu athanzi ndi 4.2% - 4.6%. Chithandizo chamankhwala chimakhulupirira kuti ngati wodwala matenda a shuga a HbA1C ali 6% kapena kutsika, ndiye kuti matenda amawongolera bwino. Koma zikuwonekeratu kuti izi ndizitali kwambiri kuchokera kuzowonetsa anthu omwe ali ndi metabolism ya carbohydrate.

Ngati glycated hemoglobin imasungidwa pa 7.5% kapena kuposerapo, zovuta zakupha kapena zovuta zokhudzana ndi matenda a shuga zimatha kuchitika pasanathe zaka 5. Ngati chizindikirochi chikuchokera ku 6.5% mpaka 7.5%, ndiye kuti zovuta zitha kuyembekezeredwa zaka 10-20. Makamaka kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.

Mwachidziwikire, wachinyamata yemwe akufuna kukhala ndi moyo zaka zina 60 kapena kupitilira apo sangathe kuwongolera matenda ashuga kuchoka pa 7% mpaka 9% pamlingo wa HbA1C. Mwamwayi, pali njira yabwino yochepetsera shuga wamagazi anu ndikuwasunga pafupi kwambiri.

Zakudya zama carb ochepa pochiza matenda ashuga achinyamata

Tsamba lathu linapangidwa kuti lizikulimbikitsa kudya zakudya zamagulu ochepa a shuga 1 komanso matenda a shuga. Zinapezeka kuti munthu amene amadya matenda ashuga kwambiri, zimakhala zosavuta kuti azikhala ndi shuga m'magazi ake. Zolemba zathu zazikulu zomwe timalimbikitsa kuwerenga:

• Insulin ndi chakudya chamafuta: chowonadi chomwe muyenera kudziwa
• Njira zabwino zochepetsera shuga wamagazi ndikuzisunga bwino.

Zakudya zamafuta ochepa sizabwino kuthana ndi vuto la achinyamata, monga momwe zilili ndi odwala akuluakulu. Palibe chifukwa choopera kuti chitha kuvulaza kukula ndi thupi la wachinyamata. Kukula kwabwinobwino, sikofunikira kudya mafuta ambiri.

Mupeza mndandanda wa mapuloteni ofunikira (amino acid) ndi mafuta (ma acid acids) ofunika. Munthu wawo azimwedwa ndi chakudya, chifukwa sadzafa chifukwa chotopa. Koma simupeza mndandanda wazakudya zofunika zam'mabotolo, ngakhale mutafunafuna zochuluka motani, chifukwa sizachilengedwe. Poterepa, zakudya zamafuta zimapweteka mu shuga.

Wachinyamata akapeza zakudya zopatsa mphamvu pang'ono pambuyo poti wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti nthawi yake ya "kukwatirana nayeyo" imatenga nthawi yayitali - mwina zaka zingapo, kapena moyo wake wonse. Chifukwa choti katundu wazakudya zam'mimba pancreas amachepa, ndikuwonongeka kwa maselo a beta omwe amapanga insulin amachepetsa.

Maphikidwe a chakudya chamafuta ochepa a mtundu 1 ndi matenda ashuga 2 amapezeka pano.

Masewera amadzimadzi amawunika kuwunika kwa achinyamata

Mu shuga mellitus, zakudya zamagulu ochepa zimagwira bwino pokhapokha podziyang'anira magazi a shuga. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mita 4-7 tsiku lililonse. Ngakhale wachinyamata akufuna kulipira chidwi kwambiri pakulamulira matenda ake a shuga kumadalira makolo ake komanso malo omwe akukhalako. Zofunika! Onetsetsani kuti mita ndi yolondola. Ngati "akunama" kwambiri, ndiye kuti zonse zomwe zitha kuchitikira matenda a shuga sizingakhale ntchito.

Kodi ndi zolemba zina ziti zomwe zingakuthandizeni:

• Momwe mungayetsere shuga wamagazi ndi glucometer sizipweteka,
• Njira za insulin.

Zoyambitsa ndi Zoopsa

Matenda abwinobwino amatha kukhala ndi chidwi chodwala. Choyamba, zimadziwika mu odwala okalamba. Pafupifupi 80% ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 65.

Ngoziyo ndi yayitali kwa anthu onenepa kwambiri. Amakhala ngati ali ndi moyo wokhala phee, wopanda chakudya. Matendawa amathandizira kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zakumwa zoledzeretsa, chakudya mwachangu.

Pa nthawi ya pakati, kusintha mthupi kumachitikanso komwe kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta za metabolic. Chifukwa chake, amayi oyembekezera akuyembekezeredwa kupita ku endocrinologist ndikuwunika. Pokhala ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha matenda a shuga osokoneza bongo, kudya zakudya zapadera kumalimbikitsidwa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi zimaphatikizaponso matenda akale a virus. Zina mwazo zimatha kusokoneza kapamba ndi kusinthasintha kwamagetsi am'magazi.

Matenda a shuga amatchedwa latent chifukwa chakuti zimachitika popanda mawonekedwe apadera azachipatala. Pa gawo la prediabetes, kuyezetsa magazi ndi mkodzo wa shuga kumawonetsa osavomerezeka. Koma kuyeserera kwa glucose, kochitidwa pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kumavumbula matenda.

Mawonekedwe angapo akunja angawonetse matenda am'mbuyomu a shuga, kuphatikiza:

• Ludzu losatha ndi kukodza. Ndiye kuti shuga wambiri amathiridwa mkodzo.
• Kumva njala mosalekeza. Vutoli limalumikizidwa ndi kusintha kwa milingo yamagazi. Wodwala nthawi yomweyo amakumana ndi vuto losowa chakudya.
• Kuchepetsa thupi mwadzidzidzi. Ndi prediabetes, glucose amadziunjikira m'magazi ndipo samalowa m'maselo. Kusowa kwa mphamvu kumalipidwa ndi maselo am'mimba. Potere, wodwala amatha kutaya 10 kg mu miyezi iwiri popanda kuyesetsa.
• Kutopa ndi kusakwiya. Wodwala ali pamalopo nthawi yonse. Kukoka pafupipafupi usiku sikupatseni mwayi wogona kwathunthu ndikuwonjezera kutopa. Kupumula ndikuyenda mu mpweya watsopano sizithandiza.
• Khungu lowuma. Mtsempha wam'magazi umakhala wokwiyitsidwa, ming'alu ndipo kuyabwa pakhungu, mabala samachiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali, omwe amalumikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi.

Zizindikiro mu akazi zimatha kuphatikizira kuyanika kumaliseche, kusapeza bwino panthawi yogonana. Amayi nthawi zambiri amawona mavuto a pakhungu, tsitsi, misomali, gawo lopanda kufotokozera. Zonsezi nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha kusalingana kwa mahomoni, pomwe chifukwa chachikulu chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda ashuga akale.

Zizindikiro za matenda am'mbuyomu a shuga m'magulu amisala zimaphatikizanso kuperewera kwa erectile: kuchepa kwa kugonana, kuchepa mphamvu kwa thupi, komanso kupita patsogolo kwa matenda a prostatitis. Ngati pali kale zizindikiro za matenda oopsa, ndi prediabetes amawonjezera.

Zolemba mwa ana

Ana ndi osatetezeka kwambiri azaka zapakati pa 5 ndi 11. Munthawi imeneyi, mapangidwe omaliza a kapamba amapezeka. Mosiyana ndi achikulire, matenda a shuga a ana amakula msanga motsutsana ndi maziko a kagayidwe kamphamvu ka chakudya. Mwa odwala achichepere, odwala matenda a shuga omwe amakhala ndi madontho akuthwa m'magazi a magazi nthawi zambiri amawonedwa. Izi ndi zovuta insulin mankhwala.Matenda opatsirana omwe amakhala achichepere amachepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi ndipo amathandizira kuwonongeka kwa matenda ashuga am'mimba.

Popeza zonsezi, makolo ayenera kufunsa katswiri wazomwe zingachitike ngati akuwonetsa kuti ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo. Izi zimaphatikizapo ludzu losawerengeka, kukodza mopitirira muyeso (ana amatha kukodza mwadzidzidzi usiku), kuchepa thupi mwadzidzidzi, khungu lowuma, komanso lilime lofiirira. Ndi chitukuko cha hypoglycemia, mwana amadandaula za kufooka, kutopa, chizungulire, manja akunjenjemera, kuti apeze chidwi chochuluka cha maswiti.

Mu mwana mpaka chaka, chizindikirocho chidzakhala kuchepa kwa thupi, chotupa chambiri, ma diap pambuyo pouma kwamkodzo kukhala wokhuthala. Mwanayo amakhala ndi nkhawa, amakhala kuti wamwa pabwino. Zizindikiro zowopsa zimaphatikizapo kusanza, kuledzera, kusowa madzi m'thupi.

Ngati matenda ashuga apambuyo apezeka munthawi yake, mutha kuthana ndi kukonza zakudya komanso mankhwala.

Mavuto

Ndi prediabetes, zombo zimawonetsedwa ndi katundu wowonjezereka, makoma awo amawonongeka. Popita nthawi, odwala ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha kugwidwa, kugunda kwa mtima, kulephera kwa mtima, ndi kuwona kwamawonongeka. Choopsa chachikulu cha matenda obwera ndi matenda ashuga am'mbuyomu ndichakuti patatha pafupifupi zaka 5, chimayambira matenda ashuga osavuta kwambiri ndipo kenako ndizovuta kuchiza.

Chithandizo ndi kupewa

Chithandizo ndi kupewa matenda am'mbuyomu matenda ashuga amafunika kuwongolera mayendedwe - kuchuluka kwa thupi, kuchita zolimbitsa thupi mokwanira komanso kudya. BMI iyenera kusungidwa mkati mwa 25 mayunitsi. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumaphatikizapo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse, kuyenda kapena kuthamanga. Zakudya ziyenera kukhala zama protein, mafuta ndi chakudya, komanso mavitamini ndi michere.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a prediabetes safunika kwenikweni. Pakadali pano, kudya mokwanira komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandiza kupewa matenda opatsirana bwino kwambiri.

Kukonza zakudya

Zakudya za anthu omwe amadwala matenda ashuga osawerengeka samapatula mowa ndi kusuta. Muyenera kuchotsa pazakudya zomwe ndizakudya zambiri, komanso zakudya zamafuta ambiri (mazira, mafuta amkaka).

Zakudyazo ziyenera kukhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zomanga thupi (zakudya zamafuta), zomwe zimapezeka mu ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, zipatso, chimanga. CHIKWANGWANI sichikuwonjezera shuga m'magazi, chimapereka kukhumudwa, matumbo ake amakhazikika.

Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu za m'mimba zimagawidwa mwachangu komanso pang'onopang'ono. Zomwe zimasweka mosavuta m'matumbo ndikupanga zovuta zosavuta, ndipo zomwe zimakhala m'magazi zimatuluka. Omaliza amakhala ndi zovuta kupanga mozama ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali amakhala ndi shuga pamlingo woyenera. Kupanga zakudya zanu, muyenera kupereka zakudya zam'mimba zopanda mafuta.

Kuphatikiza pa maswiti apamwamba, zopangira shuga zobisika ziyenera kupewedwa. Zina mwazo ndi masoseji omwe ali ndi 20 tsp. zopangidwa kuyengedwa pa 1 makilogalamu azinthu.

Zakudya zamafuta othamanga zimatha kugulitsidwa pansi pa dzina la zakudya zamagulu azakudya zabwino. Uku ndi phala pompopompo - kwenikweni, phala lokoma chabe. 100 g ya zotere zikhoza kukhala ndi 17 g shuga. Wina wosunga rekodi ndi muesli, potengera shuga amatha kupikisana ndi chokoleti cha chokoleti. Komanso, simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mkate wopanda bwino, chifukwa 100 g ya zinthu zotere imakhala ndi 4 g shuga ndi ufa. Ngati mukusowa mikate yoyera, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mkate wopanda zowonjezera.

Gulu lina lomwe lili pachiwopsezo ndi mkaka. Phukusi limodzi la yogati limatha kukhala ndi supuni zitatu za shuga (kuphatikiza ndi Chigriki chokha). Zophatikiza zamafuta ochepa (tchizi chokoleti, kirimu wowawasa, mkaka, ndi zina) zimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zochepa, koma kuti apange kusowa kwa kukoma, opanga nthawi zambiri amakometsa zinthu ngati izi. Zotsatira zake, shuga amakhala m'malo achiwiri kapena achitatu pakapangidwe.

Muyeneranso kupewa msuzi kupanga mafakitale. Shuga mwa iwo sikuti amangomveketsa kukoma kwake, komanso amagwira ntchito ngati mankhwala osungira. Mtsuko wa ketchup ukhoza kukhala ndi 15 g wamafuta, 30 g m'mbale ya msuzi wa barbecue.

Matenda a shuga oopsa amakhala ndi zovuta zambiri zowopsa. Koma ngati mukuyang'anitsitsa thanzi lanu, mutha kuthana bwinobwino ndi matendawo mothandizidwa ndi zakudya zoyenera, masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso moyo wathanzi.

Kodi njira imeneyi ndi iti?

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi a matenda obwera chifukwa cha matenda ashuga ndi njira yomwe imakuthandizani kuti mudziwe mtundu wamatendawa. Njira imeneyi ndi yosavuta, koma yothandiza.

Njira zachilendo sizimalola matenda a prediabetes kutsimikiza. Nthawi zambiri, munthu amangodumphadwala matendawa ndipo samadziwa kuti shuga ndi yotani.

Pakapita kanthawi, amayamba kumva ngati ali ndi matenda ena ake, amayezetsa magazi ndipo amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga.

Kuti mupewe izi, kuyesedwa kwa mtundu wina wamatenda kumapangidwa. Mosiyana ndi matenda omveka bwino, mawonekedwe awa amatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu popewa zovuta zazikulu. Chifukwa chake, ngati mwapatsidwa njira iyi, musakane kapena musanyalanyaze malangizo a dokotala. Mwina izi zikuthandizani kuthawa mavuto akulu azaumoyo.

Mitundu yomaliza ya matenda ashuga ndi imodzi mwazosiyanasiyana zamatenda a "kukoma". Mayina ake ena amakhalanso "latent" kapena "prediabetes." Gawo lalikulu la matendawa ndi asymptomatic.

Zifukwa zake

Matenda a shuga oopsa ndi vuto loopsa, lomwe ndi kusazindikira kwa matendawo. Komabe, nthawi yomweyo, njira zowonongeka zam'mimba zayamba kale, ngakhale matendawa sanapezeke.

Komabe, si mayeso onse ndi njira zoyesera zomwe zimatha kuzindikira matenda a shuga a mellitus. Izi zimakhudza kuti munthu akupitiliza kukhala ndi moyo wosayenera, ndikungokulitsa zomwe zikuchitika.

Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku, zidapezeka kuti mwayi wokhala ndi matenda amtima kapena wamitsempha wokhala ndi mtundu wina wa matenda ashuga ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino. Kuphatikiza apo, kudwala komwe kumachitika mwa azimayi ndi abambo kumatha kudzetsa kukhazikika kwa kulephera kwa mtima - makamaka ngati pali zovuta zina zomwe zimachitika mu ntchito ya minofu ya mtima.

Chofunikanso, matenda ashuga am'mimba amathandizira kuti chiwonetsero champhamvu chikhale chikukula mwachangu.

Ngakhale kuti zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa matenda ashuga kumatha kuonetsa kuti kulibe matenda, kuwunika kwa matenda ashuga omwe amatha kukhala nawo amatha kuzindikira komwe adayamba kukula. Zimakuthandizani kuzindikira kuyambira kwamatenda, omwe nthawi zambiri amapita popanda zizindikiro zowoneka bwino. Zotsatira zake, matenda ashuga amapezeka kale pamlingo wapamwamba, zikafika posatheka kuchiritsa matenda.

Nthawi zambiri, kuyesedwa kwabwino kwam shuga poyambira kukula kwa matenda amtunduwu kumangowonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga. Koma chizindikiro ichi, nthawi zambiri, chimawerengedwa kuti ndi chifukwa chachikulu chodutsira shuga wobisika.

Kupatula apo, pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zingayambitse chitukuko cha matendawa, koma zimatha kuchiritsidwa pokhapokha pakukula.

Kuwunikira kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi imodzi mwazofunikira zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse ngati munthu ali wathanzi kapena ayi. Si chinsinsi kuti ndizolondola ndendende ndi zisonyezo za shuga kuti choyamba chimaganiziridwa, ndipo pambuyo pake, atapimidwa mozama kuchipatala, matenda ngati a shuga amatsimikiziridwa kapena kutsimikizidwanso.

Mwazi wakukwera m'magazi ukhoza kuvulaza zochitika zofunika kwambiri mthupi, chithandizo chamwadzidzidzi chimayambitsa matenda a mtima, stroko komanso matenda ena akuluakulu aanthu.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda a shuga amawapeza mukamayesedwa kuchipatala, komanso koyenera kumvetsera pakusintha kwa vuto lanu, chifukwa pali zizindikiro zina pamene wodwala akuyenera kuganizira, atapita kwa dokotala wodziwa ntchito.

Kukhala tcheru kotereku kumapewetsa mavuto ambiri kwa iwo omwe akumva kuti sakusangalala, ofooka, koma kuwunikira akupitilizabe kuwonetsa miyezo yofanana ndi shuga. Gawo ili la matendawo limatchedwa kuti lobisika ndipo ndilowopsa kwambiri. Kupatula apo, shuga akamachita kanthu konyansa, mumapitiriza kupirira, ndikuchedwa kuchedwetsa chithandizo ndikukulitsa vutolo.

Kodi chimayambitsa matenda a shuga ndi chiyani?

Nthawi zambiri, matenda opatsirana mwa odwala amapezeka mwangozi. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti anthu amakhala ndi matendawa kwa zaka zambiri, osaganizira kuti adziwa. Koma azimayi kapena abambo ena amachita mantha ndi thanzi lawo ndipo amayang'anira kwambiri zosintha zomwe zayamba. Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuthandizani kuzindikira matenda ashuga:

• kusintha kwa pakhungu - mawonekedwe a kuyabwa, kupindika kwambiri,
• ludzu losalekeza, kumverera kowuma pamkamwa,
• Kusintha kwa kulemera kwa njira yochepetsera kapena kuwonjezeka,
• kuwoneka kwa mavuto a mano (magazi a mano, kutekeseka ndi mano osakhazikika),
• kuchepa kwa khungu
• maonekedwe a mphwayi,
• kutopa,
• kuvutika kugona
• kusweka mtima
• kupweteka m'mutu
• kukodza pafupipafupi komanso kopatsa chidwi,
• kusowa pogonana (kuchitira amuna),
• utachepa kwambiri ndi mtundu wa mawonekedwe owoneka.

Zizindikiro za shuga yam'mbuyomu mwa akazi

Ndizovuta kudziwa matenda ashuga panthawi yoyamba, chifukwa zosiyanazi sizipangitsa kuti munthu azikayikira matenda, njira yachiwiri ya matenda ashuga imayamba pang'ono.

Zizindikiro zikuluzikulu zomwe zimapezeka mwa amayi kuti apezeke ndi matenda am'mbuyomu ndi:

1. Tsitsi louma komanso lophimba
2. kupindika msomali
3. kuyabwa mu perineum
4. utoto wa khungu.

Kudziwona kwakanthawi kwa zizindikiro zamatenda amtundu wamatenda kumakulitsa mwayi wopewera kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Chithandizo chokwanira komanso chapanthawi yake chingalepheretse kutembenuka kwa mawonekedwe kuti mukhale yogwira, kuchepetsedwa kapena kuyimitsidwa kwathunthu kwa matenda.

Kwa nthawi yayitali, matenda a shuga amangopezeka ndi mayeso opanda magazi. Atatha kukonza njira zofufuzira, zidapezeka kuti kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumayamba kuvulaza thupi kale kwambiri kuposa momwe amagwiritsira ntchito.

Zinapezeka kuti pali mtundu wina wamtundu wa matenda ashuga, womwe ungathe kuwonekera kwa nthawi yayitali, uku kuwononga ziwiya ndi dongosolo lamanjenje la munthu. Pamapeto pake, matendawa amadutsa mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, ndipo nthawi zina amatha popanda kuwatsata.

Mosiyana ndi matenda ashuga ochulukirapo, momwemo zilili bwino pakuchiritsa. Chachikulu ndikuchizindikira mu nthawi ndikuyamba kuchira.

Dziwani matenda am'mbuyomu amayi apakati

Kuzindikirika kwa matenda ashuga omwe amapezeka kale kumachitika chifukwa cha mbiri yakale yodziwika bwino yodziwitsa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga, kuyeserera kwa glucose (TSH), komanso kutsimikiza mtima kwa shuga, magazi ndi ma insulin (insulin) ya immunoreactive insulin. Dziwani zambiri zakukonzekera kukhala ndi pakati pa matenda ashuga.

Matenda a shuga atha kupezekanso pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a glucose kulolerana (TSH) ndipo kutenga pakati si kubera mayeso.

Timalimbikitsa kuyeserera koyambirira kwa glucose musanakhale ndi pakati, ndikutsatira kuyesedwa koyambirira ndi theka lachiwiri la kutenga pakati.

Kuti mupeze kulolera kwa glucose yovunda, kuyesedwa mkamwa koopsa kwa 50 g ya glucose kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo njirayi imawerengedwa kuti ndi yoyenera kwambiri komanso yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamankhwala.

Amayi oyembekezera pakatha masiku awiri musanayesedwe amauzidwa kuti asadye zakudya zomwe zimapatsa mphamvu. Patsiku loyesedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, magazi a capillary amatengedwa kuchokera pachala. Kenako amapatsa 50 g ya shuga kusungunuka mu 200 ml ya madzi kuti amwe, ndipo pambuyo pake magazi amatengedwa 1 ndi 2 maola atatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Shuga wamba wamagazi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya O-toluidine sioposa 100 mg% (5.5 mmol / L).

Pali kudalira kwamafupipafupi amasinthidwe a TSH mu mtundu wa matenda ashuga pa chikhalidwe ndi kuphatikiza kwa zoopsa, zaka ndi kuchuluka kwa kubadwa. Kuwonjezeka kwa ziwopsezo mu mkazi m'modzi (m'modzi, awiri, atatu kapena kupitilira apo) kumawonjezera kusokonezeka kwa TSH.

Kutsimikiza kwa shuga. Amadziwika kuti kuchuluka kwa glycemia kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amakhala ndi kuya kwa kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kazakudya komanso kuchuluka kwa insulin.

Mu trimester ya III, mwa amayi omwe ali ndi vuto la TSH ndi mtundu wa matenda am'madzi am'mbuyomu, zomwe zili ndi shuga zimakwera kwambiri (94.2 ± 0.95 mg%) poyerekeza ndi data ya II trimester (90.0 ± 0.9 mg%), pomwe amayi athanzi munthawi yomweyo yomwe ali ndi pakati, shuga ndimagazi ndi 87, R ± 1., 2 mg%.

Pofika tsiku la 10 la kubereka, kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa akazi kumakwera ndipo milingo yake imaposa yoyamba yomwe imawonedwa asanachitike komanso kumayambiriro kwa kutenga pakati.

Ngati kuchepa kwa shuga kwa amayi apakati athanzi oyambilira pamagawo atatu oyambilira kumawoneka ngati chinthu chodabwitsa, ndiye kuti kuwonjezeka mkati mwa mulingo wabwinobwino kumawonetsa kufunikira kwa TSH ndikuwonekeranso.

Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa shuga azimayi omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga.

Kutsimikiza kwa lipids m'magazi. Kuchepa kwa lipid metabolism nthawi zambiri kumakhala koyamba mu matenda a shuga mellitus. Kuwona kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, FFA, tri-glycerides kungathandize kuzindikira mitundu yobisika yamatendawa.

Mwa amayi apakati oyembekezera komanso odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo (kuphatikizapo omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe a latent), kuchuluka kwa lipids m'magazi kumakwera.

Kudziwitsa zomwe zili mu immunoreactive insulin (IRI) Mu amayi apakati athanzi, IRI mu T trimester ndi 21.6 ± 1.6 μK / ml, mu I - 28.2 ± 2.5 μE / ml, mu ITT - 36.4 ± 2 , 7 μE / ml Kwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo a latent, 36.2 3.6 μE / ml, 49.7 ± 2.7 μE / ml, 57,5 ​​± 4.1 μE / ml.

Zizindikiro zake

Ndikotheka kupewetsa ndikuzindikira mwachangu matenda am'mbuyomu matenda osiyanasiyana komanso zizindikiro zingapo. Izi ndi zinthu zosawoneka bwino komanso zazing'ono zomwe sitimazimvera nazo tsiku lililonse.

Satha kuwoneka onse nthawi imodzi, koma okhawo, pazina sangakhale konse, koma kukhalapo kwa nthawi zosachepera ndi mpata wofunsa dokotala ndikuwunikira.

• zotupa pakhungu, kuyabwa, kupendama, zithupsa, khungu louma, lotseguka msanga. Amayambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya okhala ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono pakhungu. Samavulaza munthu wathanzi, koma ngati pali cholembera chachikulu cha shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa khungu kumayipa, zoteteza za khungu zimawonongeka ndipo zimayamba kuwonekeranso ndi ma tizilombo oyipa.

Pakamwa pakamwa, ludzu losatha. M'nyengo yotentha kapena m'chipinda chofunda, izi zimawoneka ngati zomveka ndipo sizibweretsa nkhawa. Kumwa kambiri kumadzetsa kukodza pafupipafupi.

Ngati simukuyankha pa nthawi yake ndipo simupita kukayezetsa, matendawa atha kukhala otseguka ndikuyambitsa zovuta zomwe zimakhala zowopsa thanzi komanso moyo.

Madokotala amalingalira ngati ali ndi matenda ashuga ochitika kale

• matenda a pakhungu, zilonda zam'mimba
• matenda a mano ndi mano
• mtima wamatenda ndi mtima
• kuchepa kugonana
• kuchepa kumverera kwa khungu ndi miyendo.

Zizindikiro zonse za matenda am'mbuyomu zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: yoyamba komanso yachiwiri. Zofunikira kwambiri ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga a mtundu wa I.

Amawoneka mwadzidzidzi ndipo nthawi zambiri amakopa chidwi cha munthu. Zizindikiro zochepa zitha kutsogola kukula kwa nthenda zamtundu woyamba I ndi mtundu II.

Amawoneka pang'onopang'ono komanso mopondera. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro zotere zimasonyeza kukhalapo kwa matenda a shuga insipidus.

Matendawa ali ndi kusiyana pang'ono pang'ono ndipo amakhudza kwamikodzo dongosolo.

Ngati mumakonda kupita kuchimbudzi komanso kudzuka usiku, izi zitha kukhala kuwonetsa koyamba shuga. Kukodza pafupipafupi kumachitika chifukwa chakuti impso imagwira ntchito mozama, kuyesera kuchotsa shuga wambiri m'thupi.

Pali zizindikiro zosonyeza kukula kwa matendawa, omwe wodwalayo sangawone kapena sangawakonde.

Chizindikiro choyamba chimatha kutchedwa kuyabwa ndi kusenda khungu, zomwe zimayambitsidwa chifukwa cha kukhudzana ndi zinthu za pathogenic.

Mwa munthu wathanzi, khungu limatetezedwa ku zotsatira zoyipa za tizilombo, koma shuga wambiri m'magazi amawononga zotchinga zachilengedwe.

Chizindikiro chachiwiri ndikumverera kwa kamwa yowuma, ludzu. Wodwala amakhala ndi ludzu pafupipafupi, koma kutentha, anthu ochepa amalabadira izi. Zotsatira zake, kulimbikitsa kukodza kumakhala pafupipafupi.

Khalidwe lachitatu ndi kuwonda. Komanso, izi sizitanthauza mapaundi owonjezera okha, nthawi zina pamakhala kutayika kochulukirapo, kenako kuseta. Kulakalaka kumatha kupitilizidwa, ndipo pankhaniyi, sizingaganizidwe ngati chiwonetsero cha thanzi labwino.

Komanso, ndi mtundu wamtundu wa matenda osokoneza bongo, kumatha kukhala kufooka kopanda tanthauzo, chidwi ndi kusinthasintha kwa malingaliro.

Muzochitika zambiri, matendawa, makamaka ngati ali omaliza, samadziwika ndi odwala ambiri. Ponena za zizindikiro, ndikofunikira kulabadira:

1. kuyabwa m'dera la khungu ndi makomedwe ake,
2. kuchuluka kwa nthawi yayitali pakamwa.
3. Kuchepetsa kwambiri thupi, komwe nthawi zambiri kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchepetsedwa kwake ndikukhazikitsa kwadzidzidzi - ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti chithandizo chiyambire mwachangu.

Mawonetsedwe ena omwe amadziwika ndi mtundu wamtunduwu wa shuga nawonso angakhale. Nthawi zambiri, amakhala ndi njala nthawi zonse komanso amatha kukodza kwambiri. Komabe, zizindikirazi zimatha kukhala zosiyanasiyana komanso zimadalira zaka za wodwalayo, kupezeka kapena kusakhalapo kwa matenda amisempha komanso mavuto ena azaumoyo.

Komanso, ndikufuna kudziwa kuti matendawo, omwe atapezeka kale, ndiosavuta kuyimitsa ndipo mtsogolomo tikupitiliza kuchita bwino.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake matenda ashuga komanso zizindikiritso ziyenera kukhala zomwe zimapangitsa chidwi chakuchezera akatswiri. Kuyesedwa kwapadera kumapangidwa kuti apeze matenda a shuga. Kutengera ndi zotsatira zake, katswiriyo amatha kudziwa kuti ndi gawo liti la momwe matekinolo amakhalira.

Kuphatikiza apo, kutsimikiza kumatha kuchitika ngati gawo la kuyeserera kwa shuga. Njira yotsimikizirayi imaphatikizapo magawo angapo ndipo imapangitsa kukhazikitsa kusapezeka kapena kupezeka kwa shuga mumkodzo mwa anthu. Chifukwa chake, pambuyo podziwikitsa moyenera komanso munthawi yomwe titha kukambirana momwe tingayambire chithandizo.

- kuyabwa m'thupi, kusokonekera, khungu louma,

- pafupipafupi matenda opatsirana,

- kumverera kwamuyaya ndi ludzu, pakamwa lowuma,

- kusintha mwadzidzidzi kwa kulemera kwa thupi (kuchuluka, kuchepa),

- m`kamwa magazi, kumasula mano.

Ngati mungazindikire kunyumba chilichonse mwazomwe zili pamwambapa, sichingakhale chopusa kukaonana ndi dokotala. Zizindikiro sizofunikira pakuwonetsa matendawa, ndikofunikira kuti mupite mayeso.

Ngakhale maphunziro aposachedwa, matenda a prediabetes amatha kupezekanso mu zizindikilo zina. Komabe, kudalirika kwamatendawa kumachitika chifukwa zimamuvuta kuti munthu azindikire izi. Nthawi zina samangokhala ndi chidwi. Mwa zina mwazovuta zomwe zingatheke kukayikira matenda ashuga, ziyenera kufotokozeredwa:

1. Kulimva kumverera, limodzi ndi kutsekeka kwa khungu. Chomwe chimapangitsa izi ndi kutengera kwa tizilombo. Mwa munthu wathanzi, khungu limakhala ndi chitetezo chapadera, chifukwa chake zotsatira zoyipa za mabakiteriya pakhungu sizimveka. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumapangitsa kuti chuma cha chitetezo chizitayika.
2. Pakamwa pakamwa, ludzu losalekeza. Poyamba matendawa, wodwalayo amamva kufunika kothira madzi ambiri kuti athetse ludzu lake. Komabe, anthu omwe amadwala matenda am'mbuyomu samvera chisonyezo ichi. Makamaka munyengo yotentha, pamene ludzu limachitika mwanjira yachilengedwe thupi kukweza kutentha kwa mpweya. Nthawi yomweyo, kukodza kumakhala kofupika.
3. Mwadzidzidzi kudumpha molemera. Kulemera kwa thupi kumatha kuwonjezeka kwambiri komanso kuchepa. Nthawi zina, pamakhala kuchepa kwambiri kwa thupi ndi kuwonjezeka kwake kwamtsogolo. Kusintha kwa kulemera kwa thupi kumayendera limodzi ndi kuwonjezeka kwakufuna kudya.

Mutu ndi kupweteketsa mtima, kusokonezeka kwa tulo, kuchepa kwa mawonekedwe, kufooka ndi kukwiya kungachitike. Kuphatikiza pa zizindikiro izi zomwe zimadziwika pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, zizindikiro zotsatirazi za matenda am'mbuyomu azimayi zimatha kusiyanitsidwa:

• kuuma, kusokonekera kwa msomali ndi tsitsi,
• kuyabwa mu perineum
• khungu lotukuka.

Chowoneka cha chiphunzitsochi chimakhala chakuti odwala nthawi zambiri samazindikira zizindikiro ndi zizindikilo zosonyeza kupezeka kwa matenda m'thupi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zizindikiritso za mtundu wakale wa matenda ashuga zikuchitika. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyabwa ndi kusenda khungu, kumverera pakamwa nthawi yayitali, kukweza kwambiri kapena kuchepa kwa thupi.

• khungu lowuma, zotupa ndi zina zakhungu zimayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso majeremusi. Pa mulingo wabwinobwino wa shuga, mabakiteriya amenewa alibe vuto, koma akamachulukana, magazi amayenda pakhungu limasokonekera. Izi zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa zigawo zoteteza za khungu, zomwe zimayang'aniridwa ndi zovuta za tizilombo,

• kamwa yowuma ndi ludzu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimalumikizidwa ndi mpweya wouma wamkati kapena nyengo yotentha ndipo sizigwirizana chifukwa cha chizindikiro ichi. Pachifukwa ichi, kuchuluka kwamadzi akumwa kumawonjezereka, komwe kumayambitsa kukodza kwambiri - ichi ndi chizindikiro cha matenda a shuga.
• kuphwanya thupi. Nthawi zambiri matendawa amaphatikizidwa ndi kunenepa kwambiri, kapena amawoneka chifukwa cha kusakonda kudya. Komabe, pamakhala zochitika pafupipafupi pomwe kuwonda koyamba kumawonedwa koyamba, kenako mapaundi owonjezera amawabwezeranso mwachangu, kuwonjezera apo,
• Kusokonezeka kwa tulo, kukhumudwa ndi kusakhala ndi chidwi kungathenso kuonetsa matenda omwe ayamba. Makamaka ngati nthawi zonse mumakhala mukumva kutopa ndi kunenepa kwa miyendo.

Gawo lomaliza limatha kukhala mpaka zaka 5. Kenako matendawa amayamba kukula ndipo pang'onopang'ono amayamba kugwira ntchito, omwe sangathe kuchiritsidwa.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira zikuphatikiza:

• Kumva kutopa nthawi zonse kapena kutopa nthawi zonse mukatha kudya,
• Nebula m'mutu, chizungulire,
• Njala ikatha kudya (makamaka mwa amayi apakati).

Momwe ma fomu apangidwe amakulira, kuthekera kwa munthu kupanga insulini kumachepa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo izi zingayambitse kuwonekera kwa zizindikiro monga:

• Kulephera kuthetsa ludzu lanu
• Kufunika kokodza pafupipafupi,
• Kuwona koperewera
• Zingwe.

Ndikofunika kwambiri kuzindikira zizindikiritso kumayambiriro, popeza kupezeka ndi matenda ashuga pambuyo pake kumawonjezera zovuta.

Matenda abwinobwino alibe kwenikweni matenda. Komabe, pali zizindikiro zina zochititsa mantha zomwe zikusonyeza kusokonezeka kwa metabolic m'thupi:

• thukuta kwambiri
• kupsinjika ndi kutopa mosalekeza ngakhale mutapuma bwino,
• kusintha kwadzidzidzi,
• zovuta za njala ndi kulephera kuzikwaniritsa,
• ludzu lalikulu
• kusowa tulo
• dzanzi la miyendo
• kuphwanya maluso abwino oyendetsa manja,
• Kubwereza m'mutu ngati migraines,
• kutsika kwa mawonekedwe
• kupopa kwambiri komanso pafupipafupi,
• kuchepa kwa misomali ndi kusenda kwambiri khungu.
• mawonekedwe a khungu pakhungu, khosi, kumbuyo ndi chifuwa.

Ndi zoyambira za matenda aposachedwa a shuga komanso zomwe zili pankhani iliyonse zili zomveka. Komabe, vuto lalikulu limakhalabe kuzindikira kwa matenda a nthawi. Pakutukuka kwa kakulidwe kake, nkovuta kwambiri kuzindikira matendawo.

Chifukwa chake, amatchedwa "matenda a shuga", omwe ali pafupifupi asymptomatic. Ndikotheka kudziwa kukhalapo kwa kuphwanya ntchito ya thupi ndi zizindikiro zosadziwika:

• Kutopa,
• Matenda a kugona tulo,
• Matenda ofatsa
• Matendawa ochulukirapo.

Pafupifupi nthawi zonse, zizindikirazi zimadziwika chifukwa chogwira ntchito molimbika kapena kusowa tulo. Komabe, nthawi zina mukamayesedwa m'magazi, hyperglycemia imatha kupezeka.

Pali zizindikiro zotere za matenda am'mbuyomu:

• mawonekedwe a kuyabwa ndi khungu
• ludzu lalikulu ndi kamwa yowuma
• kusintha koopsa kwa thupi,
• ulesi
• kutopa,
• kuvuta kwamomwemo
• mutu
• kupweteka mumtima
• kuvutika kugona
• kuchepa kwa masomphenya
• kupopa kwambiri komanso pafupipafupi,
• misomali yothina
• maonekedwe a kuyabwa mu perineum,
• kuchuluka kwa khungu.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za matenda abwinobwino a shuga angadziwike pakuwunika thupi. Matenda a shuga amodziwonekera amawonekera motere:

• Khungu lowuma
• Kusenda ndi kuyabwa kwa khungu,
• Udzu wokhazikika
• Kulemera kwambiri kapena kuwonda
• Kukodza kosalekeza
• Kuchulukitsa chilakolako
• Kusokonezeka nthawi zonse
• Vuto kugona.

Mtundu womaliza wa matenda a shuga sizitanthauza kupezeka kwa zizindikiro zonse. Nthawi zambiri amakhala palibe.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za matenda am'mbuyomu:

• Zotupa za pakhungu, kupezeka kwa furunculosis ndi pyoderma.
• Mavuto a mano ndi mano, kutulutsa magazi.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga wamagazi mpaka 5.6-6.2 mmol / L.
• Kuchepetsa libido, kusowa pogonana (makamaka mwa amuna).
• Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya miyendo ndi khungu.

Vutoli limatha kukhala mpaka zaka 5, kenako matenda a shuga ochitika pambuyo pake amatuluka kukhala osachiritsika.

Kuzindikira kwakanthawi kazizindikiro kumawonjezera mwayi wopewa kufalikira kwa matendawa. Kuthandizidwadi moyenera kumathandiza kupewa kutembenuka kuchokera ku mawonekedwe amtunduwu kupita kuntchito, kuchepetsa kapena kusiya kuyimitsa.

Kuyesedwa kwa shuga kwa magazi

Kuzindikira matenda zasayansi ndiyo njira yodalirika kwambiri yodziwira kupezeka kwa matenda. Kuwunikira shuga wobisika ndi njira yotsimikiziridwa yodziwira matenda ashuga.

Kuti muchite izi, chitani mayeso okwanira a glucose okwanira, ndimapondanso shuga. Choyamba, tengani zizindikirozo pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndiye - ola limodzi, theka ndi theka mutatha. Kenako mukhazikenso mayeso obisika a shuga mutatha kulowetsa shuga osungunuka m'madzi.

Ngati mayeso a shuga aposachedwa adawonetsa zoposa 120 mg pamimba yopanda kanthu, 200 mg pamimba yonse ndi chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga.

Matenda a shuga ndi ovuta kuzindikira, ndi asymptomatic kapena ali ndi zizindikiro zomwe anthu nthawi zambiri samalabadira mpaka atadzuka kwambiri. Njira yokhayo yodziwira matendawo ndikuyesa mayeso.

Kuyesedwa kwa GTT kapena glucose kumawonetsa shuga. Kusantikako kumatengedwa kawiri: pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kudya. Choyamba, magazi amatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, pambuyo pake wodwalayo amapatsidwa yankho ndi 75 g la shuga kuti amwe ndipo pambuyo maola atatu, magazi amatengedwanso. Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi 120 mg ndi 200 mg, motsatana. Ngati chizolowezi chidapitilira, ndiye kuti chithandizo chikuyenera kuyambitsidwa mwachangu.

Thupi labwino limasunga glucose ndikuwasintha, ndipo ngati ma metabolic asokoneza, amasungika limodzi ndi mkodzo. Ngati shuga wapezeka mumkodzo wa wodwalayo ngakhale pang'ono, uwu ndi umboni wa matendawa.

Njira yonse yoyesera magazi imachitika m'magawo awiri. Pa gawo loyamba, kuyesa kwa shuga komaliza kumatengedwa kuchokera kwa wodwala pamimba yopanda kanthu. Pambuyo pa njirayi, amapatsidwa chakumwa china chamadzi momwe 75 g ya shuga ilipo. Nthawi zina, m'malo mwa madzi, wodwalayo amatha kupatsidwa mankhwala okoma.

Pa gawo lachiwiri, kuwunika mobwerezabwereza kumachitika. Izi zimachitika, pambuyo pa 1.5 - maola 2 atatha kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu kapena madzi okhala ndi shuga. Timayang'ana kuchuluka kwa shuga musanadye komanso mutatha kudya shuga, mutha kudziwa ngati munthu ali ndi matenda ashuga kapena ayi.

Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu mwa munthu wathanzi limayankhidwa ndi 100 mgdl. Koma ngati kuyezetsa kwa magazi kwawonetsa kuti mtengo wake umaposa wokhazikika ndikufika pa 75 mg, izi zikutanthauza kuti mtundu wamitundu yotsika wa shuga umakula m'thupi.

Kuwunikira komwe kumaperekedwa mutatha kudya shuga kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana pang'ono. Chifukwa chake mwa munthu wathanzi, 140 mgdl imawerengedwa monga momwe amadziwitsira, zizindikiro zina zonse, mpaka 200 mgdl, ndi umboni kuti munthu ali ndi mtundu wotsika wa matenda.

Moyenerera m'masiku oyamba a mayeso, mkodzo umawunikiranso. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mwa munthu wathanzi, shuga wambiri olowa m'thupi amakonzedwa.

Koma ngati kusokonezeka kwina kwachitika mu kagayidwe kachakudya, ndiye kuti gawo lina la glucose limalowa mkodzo, motero kusiya thupi la munthu. Kuzindikirika ngakhale pang'ono mu shuga mu mkodzo, ndi umboni waukulu kuti matenda oyambanso kukula m'thupi.

Mayeso owonjezera angapo amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse kuti adziwitse matenda, omwe amatha kutsimikizira komanso nthawi zina akuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa zovuta mu gawo lina la thupi. Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga omwe ali ngati mayeso ena owonjezerapo:

• Mayeso a Staub-Traugott. Kusanthula uku kumachitika m'magawo awiri. Kuyamwa koyambirira kwa magazi kumachitika mutatenga magalamu 50 a shuga. Pakatha ola limodzi, glucose amabwerezedwa ndipo magazi amatengedwanso. Kuzindikira kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa munthu wathanzi kudzawululidwa pang'onopang'ono pomwe. Koma ngati kupezeka kwa shuga wambiri kwapezeka pakubwereza kwachiwiri, ndiye kuti zikuwonetsa mwayi wokhala ndi matendawa.
• Kuyesa kwa magazi kwa hemoglobin ya glycated. Zida zimatengedwa pamimba yonse. Zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi itatu yapitayo. Zowerengedwa zimatengedwa ngati zizindikiro zosapitilira 5.7%.Pakupezeka chidwi chochuluka, matenda opatsirana am'madzi amapezeka,
• Kusanthula kwa ma antibodies. Ndi imodzi mwazolondola kwambiri, yokhoza kuzindikira bwino matendawa panthawi yomwe imayamba kukula. Ngati ma antibodies omwe atulukiridwa akupitilira muyeso wokhazikitsidwa, ndiye kuti zikutanthauza kuti m'thupi kwa nthawi yayitali kunyamula kwa glucose sikuchitika mokwanira. Ngati ma antibodies apezeka oposa 1.0 pa ml, matenda am'mbuyomu amadziwika.

• Namwino amayesa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi pamimba yopanda kanthu
• Wodwalayo amamwa madzi enaake, okhala ndi 75 g shuga. Nthawi zina amamupatsa zakudya zokoma,
• Pambuyo maola 1.5-2, namwino amayesanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Zotsatira zakuwoneka zimawoneka nthawi yomweyo. Ngati muli athanzi labwino, ndipo mtundu wotsika wa matendawa sukuwopsezeni, chizindikiro cha glucose chimakhala chabwinobwino, chifukwa mwa munthu wathanzi glucose yolimba imakhazikika msanga.

Koma ngati pali mtundu wina wamatendawa omwe ungayambike, ndiye kuti zizindikiro zonse zidzakhala zochulukirapo. Pankhaniyi, madokotala ambiri amalimbikitsa kuti ayambe kulandira chithandizo.

Chimafanana ndi chithandizo cha mtundu wowoneka bwino wa matendawa, koma mofatsa kwambiri.

Nthawi zambiri, wodwalayo amapatsidwa zakudya zapadera, komanso mankhwala ena. Ngati sanyalanyaza malangizo a dokotala, matendawa amatha. Koma ngati mupitiliza kukhala ndi moyo wopweteketsa, ndiye kuti posachedwa apezeka ndi matenda ashuga.

Chifukwa chake, kuyesa kwa matenda ashuga ndi njira imodzi yofunika kwambiri yopezera matendawa, chifukwa imathandiza kuteteza thanzi la munthu kuti asayambitse matenda ena momveka bwino komanso kupewa.

Ngati mukukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, kusewera masewera ndipo osakhala ndi zizolowezi zoyipa komanso kutengera zamtundu, ndiye kuti kusanthula kotereku sikothandiza kwa inu, chifukwa chake musadandaule za thanzi lanu.

Gawo loyamba lazidziwitso limachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu, chifukwa cha njirayi, ndikofunikira kuti nthawi pakati chakudya chomaliza ndi chopereka cha magazi ndi maola osachepera 8. Amaganiziridwa kuti munthawi imeneyi kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kuyenera kukhazikika, ngakhale maswiti ambiri adadyedwa.

Kuti likhale labwinobwino, shuga azikhala osaposa 100 mg / dl. Kuzindikira matenda a shuga kumaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa glucose oposa 126 mg / dl.

Momwemo, mitengo yonse yammalire kuyambira 100 mpaka 125 mg / dl imawonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga am'mbuyomu. Koma kuyesedwa kumodzi sikokwanira, ndiye kuyesanso kwina kumachitidwa.

Pambuyo pake, muyenera kumwa 1 kapu yamadzi ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga, ndipo pambuyo maola 2 mutha kuyesa mayeso okhudzana ndi shuga. Pankhaniyi, kuchuluka komanso kusakhalapo kwa prediabetes kumakhala kotsika 140 mg / dl.

Matenda a shuga opezekawa amapezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose a 140 mpaka 200 mg / dl.

Zowonjezera

Ngakhale wodwala atatsimikiza kuti alibe matenda, dokotala wodziwitsa mayi yemwe akuyembekezera kutenga pathupiyo amatha kulemba njira younikira. Izi ndizofunikira kutsimikizira kapena kutsutsa kukayikira kwa dokotala. Ngati zizindikiro za shuga sizikuyang'aniridwa, ndikothekera kwambiri kuti mkazi yemwe ali ndi matenda am'mimba abadwe kwa mkazi.

Kusanthula kumayendetsedwa pamilandu yotere:

• mkazi amadandaula za ludzu losatha
• ngakhale mutamwa madzi mkamwa mumamva kuwuma,
• kukodza kumachitika pafupipafupi,
• kuwonda msanga kumachitika
• mzere udapezeka ndi matenda a shuga,
• wodwala ayenera kukhala ndi mwana wosabadwayo wamkulu,
• M'masiku obadwa m'mbuyomu mwana wakhanda woposa makilogalamu 4.5 adabadwa,
• mayeso a labotale magazi ndi mkodzo adawonetsa shuga mu zinthu zachilengedwe,
• Mimba yapitayi idatsagana ndi matenda ashuga,
• kutopa kulipo.

Kuyesedwa kwa pakati pa matenda a shuga mellitus (obisika) kuyenera kulembedwa kwa amayi omwe ali onenepa kwambiri komanso omwe akuvutika ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi a chikhalidwe chokhazikika.

Panthawi yobala mwana, mayi amalipira thanzi lake mosamala. Mayeso ena owonjezera angabweretse chisangalalo. Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kuzolowera: momwe mungaperekere magazi a shuga ndi shuga, zomwe zimafunika pokonzekera, ndipo malamulo operekera panthawi yoyembekezera ndi ati.

Pali mitundu itatu ya kusanthula katundu:

Mtundu womaliza wa matenda ashuga, womwe umatchedwanso kuti latent, sutsimikiza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyezetsa magazi ambiri. Koma mayeso obisika a shuga akhoza kuwulula. Popeza lero anthu ochulukirapo akukumana ndi matenda othandizira a pancreatic awa, muyenera kudziwa zambiri za kuwunikaku.

Matenda a shuga sawoneka mu tsiku limodzi. Koma kuwulula gawo lake loyamba lachitukuko, ngati kuli kotheka kuchira kwathunthu, ndizotheka kokha mothandizidwa ndi kusanthula kwapadera kwa shuga obisika. Ndiye amene amatha kudziwa njira yobisika yamatendawa, pambuyo pake amadzazindikira kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga.

Njira zochizira

Gawo loyamba la chithandizo ndikuchepetsa thupi (mwachilengedwe, izi ndizofunikira kwa anthu omwe akukumana ndi kunenepa kwambiri). Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, osanyalanyaza kuyenda ndikusambira, komanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu monga glucose.

Pofuna kupewa kukula kwa matenda ashuga, mankhwala monga Acarbose ndi Metformin amagwiritsidwa ntchito - mwachilengedwe, chithandizo choterechi chikuyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi katswiri.

Ponena za zinthu zomwe zaperekedwa, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti zimaperekedwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yothandiza yopewetsera matendawa imatha kuonedwa ngati njira yoyenera yothandizira, osati kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aliwonse.

Kuthandizidwa koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga ndikofunikira. Kusasamala zaumoyo kumatha kudzetsa nthenda yotseguka ya nthendayi, zothetsa moyo. Nthawi yomweyo, njira zochizira prediabetes ndizosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo, sizifunikira ndalama kapena ntchito zapadera. Mulinso zinthu zitatu:

1. zolimbitsa thupi
2. kudya
3. kuwonda
4. kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera kapena mankhwala azitsamba

Mfundo ziwiri zoyambirira zikuthandizani kumaliza yomaliza.

Popeza ndamvetsetsa za asentptomatic kapena matenda asymptomatic, anthu ambiri amafunsa ngati matendawa amatha kuchiritsidwa.

Chifukwa matenda amtunduwu amakula pang'onopang'ono, odwala ena amatha kukhala ndi insulin yokwanira kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino shuga popanda kufunika kwa insulini kwa miyezi ingapo, ndipo nthawi zina patadutsa zaka zambiri atazindikira koyambirira.

Nthawi zina, mankhwala a insulin angachedwe. Komabe, pali chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti kuyambitsidwa kwa mankhwala a insulin posachedwa atazindikira kuti matenda ashuga aposachedwa athandiza kupititsa patsogolo kuthekera kwa kapamba kuti apange insulin.

Kuyesedwa pafupipafupi kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, mayi aliyense ayenera kugula nyumba ya glucose mita - glucometer. Zosintha ziyenera kupangidwa katatu kapena kanayi patsiku - m'mawa mutangogona, chakudya chamadzulo, mutatha kudya, musanayambe kugona.

Kutsatira malingaliro onse a dokotala kungathandize kupewa kusintha kwa mtundu wamtunduwu kukhala matenda ashuga okhazikika. Chithandizo cha matenda osokoneza bongo a shuga ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi njira zotsatirazi:

• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Kusunganso menyu wazabwino komanso wathanzi ndi chimodzi mwazikulu za njira zokwanira zothandizira anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Zakudya zochizira zimathandizira kuteteza kagayidwe, kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kumabwezeretsa munthu kulemera, kukhala bwino.
• Khalani ndi moyo wokangalika. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi moyenera kumathandizira kubwezeretsa kagayidwe. Kukula kwa minofu yambiri (komwe kumawonedwa pamasewera) kumabweretsa kuyamwa kwa glucose mu minofu minofu, motero, mulingo wa chinthu ichi m'magazi umachepa.
• Imwani mitundu yonse ya mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani. Monga lamulo, ndi mtundu womaliza wa matenda ashuga, mankhwala amaikidwa kuti amange kenako ndikuchotsa shuga m'thupi.
• Pewani zizolowezi zoipa.
• Tengani mavitamini ovuta kulimbitsa chitetezo chathupi.
• Imwani (mogwirizana ndi dokotala) mankhwala azitsamba omwe amalimbitsa kagayidwe.

Matenda a shuga opweteka ndi matenda omwe nthawi zambiri samadziwika. Komabe, kusintha kwa m'matumbo kungayambitse zovuta zazikulu. Kufika kwa dokotala komanso chithandizo chamankhwala moyenera kungathandize kupewa matendawa.

Momwe mungadziwire ndi kuchiza matenda abwinobwino a shuga

Kungoyendetsa kwathunthu pazomwe zimakupangitsani kudzakwaniritsa kuchiritsa kwa matenda ashuga m'magawo oyambira popanda kuvulaza kwambiri thanzi. Ndipo choyambirira, ntchitoyi ndi udindo zimapumira pamapewa a wodwalayo. Kutsatira kwambiri malangizo ndi malingaliro a katswiri amakupatsani mwayi wokulimbikitsani matenda ndikuwonjezeraku.

Zakudya zamankhwala

Kuphatikiza zakudya ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuchiza matenda a hyperglycemia. Ndikofunikira kupanga menyu yoyenera yomwe idzakhale ndi kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya. Kutsimikizidwa m'zakudya ndizakudya zama protein, koma zopatsa mphamvu komanso zopatsa mphamvu zamoto ziyenera kusiyidwa.

Zinthu zonse zimayendetsedwa popanda mafuta a masamba ndi nyama. Confectionery imasinthidwa ndi zipatso ndi zipatso zouma, kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito mikate yoyera ndi makeke.

Kutsatira zakudya mu 99% ya milandu kumathandizira matenda kagayidwe kachakudya, komanso amathandiza kuchepetsa thupi. Monga gawo la zovuta zovuta, chithandizo chamankhwala chimakhala patsogolo.

Chithunzi cha chipatala cha matenda am'mbuyomu a shuga, zizindikiro zake ndi chithandizo chake zimagwirizanitsidwa. Chifukwa chazovuta kwambiri pazizindikiro, ndizovuta kwambiri kuyambitsa chithandizo chanthawi. Koma poyankha mwachangu, chipepeso chitha kupezeka mosavuta.

Zofunikira kwambiri pakukonza mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo ndi:

• Zakudya ndi zoletsa za "kuwala" chakudya,
• Zochita zolimbitsa thupi,
• Kuchepetsa thupi
• Kuletsa mankhwala.

Muyenera kuyamba ndi kuletsa zakudya zamafuta, okazinga. Ndikofunikira kukana zinthu zomwe zili ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya zamafuta zomwe zimapakidwa mosavuta (maswiti osiyanasiyana, sodas, makeke, ma muffin ndi zina zotere).

Pazakudya, muyenera kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa masamba, zakudya zamitundu mitundu. Thanzi liyenera kukhala lokwanira komanso loyenera. Mofananamo, muyenera kuwerengera zopatsa mphamvu kuti muchepetse kuthamanga.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizira chidwi cha zotumphukira zimakhala ku insulin. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizotheka kutentha mapaundi owonjezera.

Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sikotheka kutulutsa glycemia pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zatchulidwazi. Chithandizo chotchuka kwambiri ndi Metformin. Zimawonjezera kuyankha kwama cell kupita ku insulin ndipo moyenera amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Mankhwala ena amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kukonza kagayidwe kazakudya. Amasankhidwa ndi adokotala potengera mawonekedwe azachipatala.

Mtundu womaliza wa matenda ashuga ndi matenda owoneka bwino omwe ndizovuta kupeza nthawi. Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kuyang'anira thanzi lanu pafupipafupi komanso kukayezetsa kuchipatala.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda obwera chifukwa cha shuga amatha kutha popanda mankhwala. Zowona, matendawa ayenera kuchiritsidwa kwakanthawi, pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Ngati kusanthula kunawonetsa mavuto ndi kulolera kwa glucose, muyenera kulumikizana ndi endocrinologist. Nthawi zambiri, amapanga maphunziro owonjezera kuti azindikire matenda oyanjana.

Onetsetsani kuti mukusanthula kuchuluka kwa insulini yomwe kapamba amapanga, ndikuwerengera cholembera cha insulin, chomwe chikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa zomwe minofu yathupi yakonzeka kutenga shuga m'magazi.

Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezeka, chithandizo chimalimbikitsidwa: zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi, mavitamini, komanso nthawi zina mankhwala. Pazakudya, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse zakudya zamafuta ndikuchotsa kwathunthu zomwe zimatengedwa mwachangu.

Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda am'mbuyomu amakhala ndi kulemera kwambiri, motero zakudya zochepa zopatsa mphamvu. M'miyezi yochepa ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo kunenepa kwambiri, muchepetse 10 kg.

Ngati madokotala apeza matenda a shuga oletsa kubereka, zochita zolimbitsa thupi za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kuwonjezera zochita tsiku ndi tsiku. Chisankho chabwino kwambiri ndi masewera omwe amatha kuchitidwa kwa ola limodzi mwachangu: kusambira, kuthamanga, kuyendetsa njinga, volleyball ndi basketball, aerobics yamadzi komanso kuvina kwa akazi. Ngati kulimbitsa thupi kwamakalasi awa sikokwanira, kuyenda mwachangu kudzakhala koyenera kwa nthawi yoyamba.

Chofunikira pachithandizo chake ndi kudzutsa minofu ndikuwapangitsa kuti azigwira ntchito kwambiri. Zinapezeka kuti panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ulusi waminyewa umatha shuga kuchokera m'magazi mpaka nthawi 20 kuposa pakupuma.

Matenda a shuga oopsa ndi matenda oopsa, kotero kuti muthandizike moyenera, muyenera kupita kuchipatala. Akavomera, katswiri amasanthula wodwalayo ndikupereka njira zapadera zodziwonera. Pambuyo pakuzindikira, dokotala amapanga njira yothandizira. Monga chithandizo, mankhwala ndi zakudya zapadera zimayikidwa.

Momwe mungakonzekerere ndondomekoyi

Njira yokonzekera mayeserowa ndi yofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa kukonzekera molakwika kumakhala ndi zotsatira zolakwika za kafukufukuyu, chifukwa chomwe mungapatsidwe matenda abodza, kapena sangawululire zovuta zomwe zilipo kale. Chifukwa chake, kuti mukonzekere kusanthula, tsatirani malamulo awa:

• Ndondomeko ikuchitika mosamalitsa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Simuyenera kudya pasanathe maola 8 musanachitike njirayi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti madokotala amakhulupirira kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi nthawi iyi, ngakhale mutakhala kuti mudadya zakudya zabwino kwambiri,
• Ndi zoletsedwa kumwa china chilichonse kupatula madzi asanachitike.

Ngati mudadya m'mawa musanapite kuchipatala, mayeso ake samveka. Chifukwa chake, m'malo mwake, chotsani mpaka mukhale ndi njala.

Contraindations poyesa

Pali mitundu ingapo yamankhwala omwe amayi sanayesedwe mayeso a shuga.

Ena mwa iwo ndi awa:

• mayi wapakati amakhala ngati gulu lalikulu,
• yotupa yapezeka m'thupi,
• pali zovuta zina za m'mimba mwa njira yolepheretsira chakudya m'mimba,
• wapezeka matenda a m'matumbo am'mimba yotupa,
• pakufunika opaleshoni yochizira njira zowopsa,
• matenda a endocrine dongosolo, momwe mulingo wa glycemia umakwera,
• zotupa
• kuchuluka chithokomiro,
• kuchuluka kwa shuga chifukwa cha mankhwala
• glaucoma amathandizidwa ndipo mankhwala oyenera amatengedwa,
• kukanika kwa chiwindi.

Ngati chimodzi kapena gulu lazolakwika lapezeka pa nthawi yoyembekezera, kuyezetsa shuga kwa shuga sikungakhale umboni kuti mzimayi samatulutsa insulin ndi thupi.

Zovuta zotheka

Kuopsa kwa matenda obwera ndi matenda obwera chifukwa cha shuga kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'mitsempha yamagazi.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa glucose, kupezeka kwamitsempha ya m'mimba kumalephera. Mokulira kumawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi matenda amtima mu akazi.Mukalamba, matendawa amawopseza ndi vuto la mtima, lomwe lingayambitse imfa.

Zotheka kupezeka pamatenda amtundu wamakono:

• magazi,
• sitiroko
• vuto la mtima
• kulephera kwa mtima
• kuphwanya ziwalo zamasomphenya,
• matenda amanjenje.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, chiopsezo cha kufa chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mtima kapena vuto la mtima mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wina wa matenda ashuga ndiwowirikiza katatu kuposa momwe mungakhalire ndi munthu wathanzi.

Ketoacidosis ndichovuta chaposachedwa cha matenda ashuga am'mimba, makamaka pambuyo pancreas yataya mphamvu yake yopanga insulin. Ketoacidosis ndiyowopsa kwa mayi ndi mwana.

Kugawidwa kwa matenda ashuga komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mawu oti "chithandizo"

Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya matenda ashuga a mellitus (DM), omwe samatengera mphamvu ya insulin ya mahomoni, amawonedwa ngati mitundu yayikulu yamatendawa pakuchita zachipatala. Pakadali pano, amaonedwa ngati osachiritsika ndi magwero aboma. Ndikovuta kwambiri kuchiza matenda oopsa a mtundu woyamba wa 1 omwe amasinthasintha shuga.

Poganizira za mankhwalawa matenda ake, kuchira kwake kokwanira sikunenedwe. Kulipidwa kwabwino ndikukhazikitsa odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali pafupi ndi moyo wabwinobwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito mawu oti "chithandizo" sikuyenera kulimbikitsa chiyembekezo chowopsa. Ndizoyenera kwambiri kuti akatswiri ndi odwala agwiritse ntchito lingaliro la "matenda a shuga".

Tanthauzo lake ndikugwiritsa ntchito:

• mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga m'magazi (mapiritsi, jakisoni, mankhwala a homeopathic),
• zida zomwe zimakonza mulingo wake (glucometer),
• Zakudya zapadera (zopatsa mphamvu, zopatsa mphamvu chakudya zamagulu angapo),
• adachita zolimbitsa thupi.

Pazogawika zamatenda a endocrine, ngati mphindi zopatula, madokotala amasiyanitsa momwe thupi limapezekera mukazindikira kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga kapena a latent. Ndi izo, kulolera kwa glucose kumavulala. Malo omwe amatchedwa prediabetesic amakhala ndi shuga m'magazi pafupi ndi zofunikira. Munthu amakhala pamalire amalire: amadwala, komabe ali ndi thanzi labwino.

Kutalika kwa gawo la matenda ashuga am'mimba ndiwokha, zimatengera izi:

• zolimbitsa thupi
• chibadwa
• chitetezo chokwanira (chobadwa nacho ndipo chotenga),
• mikhalidwe ndi kakhalidwe.

Kuwonjezeranso kwina kwa kapangidwe ka zochitika chifukwa cha kusokonezeka mu kusakhazikika kwa kagayidwe kosiyanasiyana kumasiyana: zizindikiro zonse zimatha kuzimiririka, zimakhala ndi moyo kapena zimawoneka ngati mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga. Mtundu 1 umayamba, mwachizolowezi, ndi zizindikiro zodziwika za hyperglycemia (ludzu lochepa, kuchuluka kwa chakudya, kusokonekera pafupipafupi komanso kukodza).

Kuyesedwa kwa matenda am'mbuyomu

Pali magulu osiyanasiyana aanthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga. Kungoganiza kuti muli ndi matenda, zotsatirazi zimawunikidwa:

• kobadwa nako kagayidwe kachakudya matenda
• kukhalapo kwa matenda a kapamba (kapamba, khansa),
• Zizindikiro za matenda a ma virus (chimfine, rubella),
• mtundu ndi mkhalidwe wamanjenje (labwino kwambiri),
• kuchuluka kwa mndandanda wamagulu (oposa 25).

BMI imawerengeredwa ndi njira: kulemera (makilogalamu) amagawidwa ndi kutalika (m) squared. Mlozera kuchokera 25 mpaka 30 umakhala ndi gawo limodzi la kunenepa kwambiri, 30-40 - yachiwiri, yoposa 40 - yachitatu.

Matenda abwinobwino alibe chithunzi chodziwika bwino. Njira zodziwika bwino zomwe zatsimikiziridwa kuti ndizolondola ndizotsatirazi:

• kafukufuku wotchedwa glucose kulolerana mayeso (GTT),
• kusanthula kwa hemoglobin wa glycated, pafupipafupi - mpaka 7 mmol / l,
• kusanthula kwa C-peptide.

GTT imayikidwa ndi dokotala, ndiye, pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zapezedwa - zizindikiro za carbohydrate, "curve ya shuga" imamangidwa. Zotsatira zabwino zoyesedwa kuchoka pamakhalidwe abwinobwino sizimaganiziridwa ngati maziko a 100% yazovuta za matendawo. Njira zowonjezera komanso zothandizira ndizotsalira zina zonse.

Zotsatira zokayikira ziyenera kufufuzidwa kawiri, kutengera maphunziro obwerezedwa.

Zithandizo zamankhwala am'mbuyomu matenda ashuga

Cholinga cha njira zochizira ndikutsimikiza kwa kagayidwe kachakudya. Nthawi zambiri, kusintha kwa thupi kumafunika. Ngati matenda atapezeka kumayambiriro, ndikotheka kukonza vuto la metabolic mthupi pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zapadera. Zinakonza mfundo zachithandizo chakuchiritsa. Ziyenera kukhala za nthawi zonse, zosiyanasiyana, zopatsa thanzi. Akatswiri amasankha zakudya ngati tebulo 9.

Malinga ndi zomwe zalimbikitsa, zinthu zingapo zoletsedwa ndizophatikiza:

• shuga, kupanikizana, maswiti,
• makeke, mafuta
• mafuta, zonunkhira komanso zosuta,
• zakumwa zoledzeretsa
• zipatso zina (mphesa, nthochi).

Munthu aliyense amadya kalori tsiku lililonse. Ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi olimbitsa thupi komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi oyenera, mpaka 35 kcal pa kilogalamu imodzi ya kulemera konse amawerengedwa. Kunenepa kwambiri kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana kumapereka chifukwa chochepetsera kunenepa kwa zakudya zama calorie ambiri ndi 10-15 kcal.

Ngati kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya sikubweretsa zabwino, ndiye kuti mungathandizike kuchepetsa mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika pambuyo pa miyezi itatu ya zoyesayesa zosakwaniritsidwa kuti mufikire chikhalidwe chapamwamba cha glycemia. Monga lamulo, mlingo woyambirira wa othandizira pakamwa (mapiritsi) ndi wochepera. Zikondwerero, kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala, mwina zibwezeretsa mphamvu yotayika ndipo zibwerera momwe zimagwirira ntchito kale.

Kwa chiwalo chokhala ngati chiwonetsero cha matenda ena (chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, lupus erythematosus, matenda), kutenga pakati, komwe kumachitika pofanana ndi matenda am'mbuyomu, episodic insulin ingafunike. Mlingo wa jakisoni ndi mtundu wa mahomoni omwe amaperekedwa kuchokera kunja, kuphatikiza kwa zochita zawo zazifupi komanso zazitali, zimakhazikitsidwanso ndi endocrinologist. Kudzisintha kwa mankhwala othandizira sikuloledwa, komwe kumatha kubweretsa zovuta komanso kusakulitsa kwina kwa matendawa.

Pakusintha kwa njira, njira zomwe siziri zachikhalidwe zimathandizira kuthana ndi kusokonekera kwa glucose kuletsa ndikulimbitsa chitetezo:

• mankhwala apanyumba
• mchere ndi mavitamini,
• acupressure ndi Reflexology,
• Ntchito zolimbitsa thupi komanso zopumira.

Asanagwiritse ntchito, kufunsira ndi dokotala wofunikira ndikofunikira. Kuphatikiza njira zamankhwala othandizira omwe amathandizira pakugwiritsa ntchito shuga owonjezera m'thupi ndi maselo amisempha. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wowonjezera, kukhala wathanzi labwino. Poyerekeza ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka chakudya chamagetsi, kuchepetsa kunenepa kwambiri, ndikuwonjezera zochitika zamagalimoto, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotheka kusintha magawo a ma cell a pancreatic beta. Zotsatira zomwe zidakwaniritsidwa zitha kusungidwa pokhapokha ngati njira yoyenera yotsata komanso zoletsa zanu zizisamalidwa.