Katemera wa ku Mexico wa 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 ngati katemera watsopano wa anthu

Ma syringe adzakhala chinthu chakale - katemera watsopano wa DNA wayesedwa bwino mwa anthu

07/03/2013 nthawi ya 12:19, malingaliro: 16304

Chifukwa chopanga njira yatsopano yothandizira, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 posachedwa amatha kuiwala za syringes ndi jakisoni wokhazikika wa insulin. Pakadali pano, Dr. Lawrence Steinman ochokera ku yunivesite ya Stanford adati njira yatsopano yothandizira matenda a shuga 1 yayesedwa bwino mwa anthu ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri pochiza matendawa mtsogolo.

Katemera yemwe amatchedwa "reverse katemera" amagwira ntchito mwa kutsinikiza chitetezo cha mthupi pa DNA, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulini ipangidwe. Kukula kwa yunivesite ya Stanford ikhoza kukhala katemera woyamba wa DNA padziko lapansi yemwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiritsa anthu.

Katemera uyu amatengera njira ina. Limaletsa mayankho enieni a chitetezo cha mthupi, ndipo sizimapanga mayankho achindunji ngati katemera wamba kapena katemera wa polio, "atero a Lawrence Steinman.

Katemera anayesedwa pagulu la odzipereka 80. Maphunzirowa adachitika zaka ziwiri ndikuwonetsa kuti odwala omwe amalandila chithandizo malinga ndi njira yatsopanoyo akuwonetsa kuchepa kwa ntchito yama cell omwe amawononga insulin mthupi. Nthawi yomweyo, kunalibe zotsatila atamwa katemera.

Monga momwe dzinalo likunenera, katemera wothandizira sanapangidwe kuti apewe matenda, koma kuthandiza matenda omwe alipo.

Asayansi, atazindikira mitundu iti ya leukocytes, "asirikali" oyamba a chitetezo cha mthupi, omwe amagwidwa ndi kapamba, apanga mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa maselo amenewa m'magazi osakhudza mbali zina za chitetezo cha mthupi.

Ophunzira nawo pa mayeso kamodzi pa sabata kwa miyezi itatu adalandira jakisoni wa katemera watsopano. Mofananamo, anapitiliza kupeleka insulin.

Gulu lolamulira, odwala omwe amalandira jakisoni wa insulin amalandira mankhwala a placebo m'malo mwa katemera.

Omwe amapanga katemerayu akuti mgulu loyesera lomwe limalandira mankhwalawo, panali kusintha kwakukulu pakugwira ntchito kwa maselo a beta, omwe pang'onopang'ono adabwezeretsa kutulutsa insulin.

"Tatsala pang'ono kukwaniritsa maloto a dotolo aliyense: taphunzira kuyesa kuzimitsa kachipangizidwe ka chitetezo chathupi osakhudza kugwira ntchito kwake konse," anatero a Lawrence Steinman, m'modzi mwa olemba zomwe apezazi.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amadziwika kuti ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri kuposa matenda a shuga a "mnzake".

Liwu la shuga palokha limachokera ku liwu lachi Greek loti "shuga", lotanthauza "Ndimadutsa kena kake, kudzera", "ndimayenda". Dokotala wakale Areteus wa ku Cappadocia (30 ... 90 AD) adawonera odwala polyuria, omwe adalumikizidwa ndi zakuti madzi omwe amalowa mthupi amayenda kudzera mwa iwo ndipo amawonetsedwa osasinthika. Mu 1600 AD e. shuga idawonjezeredwa ku liwu loti mellitus (kuchokera lat. mel - uchi) kutanthauza shuga ndi mkoma wokoma wa mkodzo - shuga.

Matenda a shuga a insipidus anali odziwika kale ngati zakale, koma mpaka m'zaka za zana la 17 kunalibe kusiyana pakati pa matenda ashuga ndi insipidus. Mu XIX - koyambirira kwa zaka za XX, ntchito yochulukirapo pa matenda a shuga insipidus idawonekera, kulumikizana kwa matendawa ndi matenda am'mimba am'mimba komanso chithokomiro cha positi chakakhazikitsidwa. M'mafotokozedwe azachipatala, mawu akuti "matenda ashuga" nthawi zambiri amatanthauza ludzu ndi matenda ashuga (matenda ashuga komanso matenda a shuga), komabe "pamadutsa" - matenda a shuga a phosphate, matenda a impso (chifukwa cha malire ochepa a shuga, osayenda ndi matenda ashuga), ndi zina zambiri.

Mwachindunji lembani 1 shuga mellitus ndi matenda omwe chizindikiritso chake chachikulu ndi hyperglycemia - shuga wambiri, polyuria, chifukwa chomwe mumamva ludzu, kuchepa thupi, kulakalaka kwambiri, kapena kusowa kwake, thanzi labwino. Matenda a shuga amapezeka matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amatsogolera kuchepa kwa kaphatikizidwe ndi katemera wa insulin. Udindo wa cholowa chofufuzira ukufufuzidwa.

Matenda a shuga amtundu wa 1 amatha kukula pazaka zilizonse, koma anthu azaka zazing'ono (ana, achinyamata, achikulire osakwana 30) nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa. Makina a pathogenetic omwe amapanga chitukuko cha matenda a shuga 1 amachokera pa kusakwanira kwa kupanga kwa insulin ndi maselo a endocrine (β-cell of islets of Langerhans of the pancreas), omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwawo motsogozedwa ndi zinthu zina za pathogenic (matenda a viral, nkhawa, matenda a autoimmune ndi zina).

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga umakhala ndi 10% ya matenda onse a shuga, nthawi zambiri amakula ubwana kapena unyamata. Njira yayikulu yothandizira ndi majakisoni a insulin omwe amateteza kagayidwe ka wodwala. Ngati sichichiritsidwenso, matenda ashuga amtundu wa 1 amakula msanga ndipo amadzetsa mavuto akulu, monga ketoacidosis ndi chikomokere matenda a shuga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti wodwalayo afe.

Zomwe zikuchitika pakupanga shuga

Monga mukudziwa, matenda ashuga ndi matenda a autoimmune momwe magwiridwe antchito a kapamba amawonongeka. Ndi chitukuko cha mtundu wa 1 matenda, chitetezo cha mthupi chimakhudza ma cell a beta.

Zotsatira zake, amasiya kupanga insulin yotsitsa shuga yofunikira m'thupi. Matendawa amakhudza makamaka achinyamata. Mankhwalawa matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, odwala amafunika kumwa jakisoni wa mahomoni nthawi zonse, zotsatira zake zimakhala zowopsa.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kupanga insulini sikutha, koma maselo omwe akulimbana nawo samayankhanso. Matenda oterewa amakula akatsogolera moyo wosayenera mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 40- 45. Potere, kwa ena, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ndiwokwera kwambiri. Choyamba, awa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi chibadwa champhamvu komanso onenepa kwambiri. Mankhwalawa matenda amtundu wa 2 wodwala, odwala ayenera kutsatira zakudya zoyenera komanso chithunzi cholimba. Kuphatikiza apo, ambiri amayenera kumwa mankhwala a hypoglycemic kuti awongolere shuga awo.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti pakapita nthawi, mtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga umayambitsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana. Ndi kukula kwa matendawa, kufinya kwamankhwala kumachitika, phokoso la matenda ashuga, retinopathy, neuropathy ndi zina zomwe sizingasinthe.

Mukafuna kumveka ma alamu ndi kufunsa dokotala kuti akuthandizeni? Matenda a shuga ndi matenda opatsirana ndipo amatha kukhala asymptomatic. Komabe, muyenera kulabadira zizindikiro izi:

1. Udzu wokhazikika, kamwa yowuma.
2. Kukodza pafupipafupi.
3. Njala yopanda nzeru.
4. Chizungulire ndi mutu.
5. Kugwedezeka ndi kutalika kwa miyendo.
6. Kuzindikira kwa zida zowoneka.
7. Kuchepetsa thupi mwachangu.
8. Kugona koyipa komanso kutopa.
9. Kuphwanya msambo kwa akazi.
10. Nkhani zakugonana.

Posachedwa ndizotheka kupewa kuyambika kwa "matenda okoma." Katemera wa mtundu woyamba wa shuga atha kukhala njira ina yosagwiritsidwira ntchito ndi mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda a insulin.

Kupha chitetezo chokwanira

"Palibe amene wandiuzapo kuti katemera angayambitse matenda oopsa monga matenda ashuga, matenda a m'matumbo, matenda a Alzheimer's ... Ngakhale izi ndizotsatira zamankhwala," Sergei Shlyonsky adayamba nkhani yake mosangalala. - Ndipo palibe pomwe makolo amapatsidwa chidziwitso. Ngakhale, malinga ndi lamulo la Russian Federation, madokotala amayenera kuchita izi (lamulo N. 157-FZ la 1998 pa immunoprophylaxis). ”

Gosha wazaka 6 anali ndi chimfine kwa nthawi yayitali. Nthawi yonseyi, makolo adalemba kuletsa katemera. Masiku angapo asanalandire katemera, mphunzitsiyo wa anamwinoyo anapatsa mayiyo pepala kuti mwana wake ayenera kulandira katemera. Katemera wa Gaucher anayambitsa katemera watatu womwe anaupangira kuti ateteze mnyamatayo ku chikuku, rubella ndi mumps.

Pafupipafupi jakisoni, mwana atayamba kufooka, kufooka, kutaya mtima, adayamba kumwa kwambiri.

"Patangotha ​​sabata limodzi, mwana adasokonekera," Sergey akukumbukira mokhumudwa. - Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo adabwera ku chipatala. Zizindikiro zonse za matenda ashuga zidawonekera. Mkazi wanga ndi ine tokha sitikudziwa panthawiyo - tinalibe chilichonse chonga fuko lililonse. Ndimakhala ndi moyo wathanzi: kuthamanga, palibe mowa, fodya, kuyambira masika mpaka nthawi yophukira, tili ndi ana mdziko muno m'nkhalango ya paini. Ndiye kuti, ndikumvetsa zomwe zimayenera kuchitidwa kuti ana aziteteza mthupi mwamphamvu. Chingaphe chiani? Malingaliro anga, nditaphunzira mabuku ambiri, ndi katemera. ”

Tsopano Gosh akukakamizidwa kuti azikhala ndi insulin. Chithunzi: Kuchokera pazosunga zanu / Kuchokera patsamba lathu la S Sonsonsky

Musatsimikizire kalikonse

"Mwana wanga ali m'chipatala, ndikuwona kuti ana atsopano odwala matenda ashuga amabwera tsiku lililonse," Sergey akupitiliza. - Pofikira aliyense: panali katemera? Panali - imodzi kwa sabata, imodzi kwa awiri, imodzi kwa mwezi. Ndinatembenukira kwa ofufuza, otsutsa, koma iwo nthawi yomweyo anati: dipatimenti yazaumoyo siipeza mgwirizano pakati pa katemera ndi matenda anu. Komabe, madokotala a ma endocrinologists ku chipatala cha ana No. 3 anazindikira kuti katemera angayambitse matenda ashuga. ”

Abambo achisoniwo adafika kwa madotolo omwe amawadziwa: pakukambirana kwakayekha ndi Sergey, sanabisike kuti akunena zolondola. Koma anakana kuthandizira poyera - aliyense amawopa mbiri yawo ndi malo awo, omwe angatayike chifukwa cha "kunena zoona".

Kodi khanda limatenga kuti khansa?

Sergei, mphunzitsi wa mbiriyakale mwa kuphunzitsira, adayamba kuphunzirira yekha, atatulutsa mabuku ndi mabuku asayansi otchuka azambiri. Muofesi ya mkonzi, adatigwira mawu kalata yochokera kwa a oncoimmunologist, Pulofesa Gorodilova kwa a National National Committee on Bioethics: "Ngakhale mawonekedwe a immunopathology ali bwanji, onse amabwera chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi njira za T-cell, zomwe zimatsogolera komanso moyenera pamavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi thanzi la mwana. Katemera amatithandizanso, amathandizira “kuwononga” ma mankhwalawa, zomwe zimapangitsa thupi lathu kukalamba msanga, chifukwa chake matenda achichepere mwa achinyamata. Mu oncology, kusiyana pakati pa kuthamanga kwa kuyankha kwa chitetezo chathupi ndikukula kwa chotupa ndikofunikira. Kukula kwa khansa kuli patsogolo pa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa maselo a lymphoid omwe amayankhira, omwe cholinga chake ndi kuthana ndi ma antigen omwe amafika - katemera. "

Ndalama m'malo molumbira. Doctor Yuri Arutsev - zamankhwala amakono

Sergey anati: “Apa ndiye yankho la dokotala wa ana. - Koma sindimatha kumvetsetsa komwe ana ang'ono omwe ali ndi khansa? Tsopano ndili ndi mayankho. Ndipo ndiyenera kuchita kena kake ndi mayankho awa ... "

Anthu ambiri odwala matenda ashuga

Ziwerengero za matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowopsa, akutero Sergey Shlyonsky. Ndipo atenga mawu akuti "Handbook of the Diabetesic" a Astamirova ndi Akhmanov, omwe adapereka kwa a chipatala cha ana ku chipatala kuti: "Ndikukumbutsa kuti tikukudalirabe popereka mankhwala ochokera kunja, kuti si madokotala athu onse omwe ali okonzeka kuthandizira ndikuphunzitsa ndi mitima yabwino kuti chinthu chachikulu mumankhwala athu ndi akuluakulu, osati madotolo, kuti tidakali ndi owopsa ndipo ena mwa iwo akhala akuwala pa kanema wopitilira chaka chimodzi. Komabe, zochitika zenizeni zikuwonekera pofalitsa, ndipo akatswiri odziwika bwino a matenda ashuga sawopanso kunena chowonadi. Ndipo izi ndi izi: ku Russia, osati odwala matenda ashuga mamiliyoni awiri kapena atatu, koma kawiri, katatu kapena kanayi. "

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani chiwonjezeko chowopsa cha chiwerengero cha milandu chikujambulidwa posachedwa?

"Monga momwe ndidadziwira, ma katemerowa ali ndi mapira, zotsogola ndi zinthu zina zoipa," a Sergei akupitiliza kufufuza kwake. - Ndipo dongosolo la Unduna wa Zaumoyo wa Russia pa Marichi 23, 1998 No. 82 "Pochotsa makina opangira mankhwala ophatikizira mankhwala ophatikizika ndi mankhwala ake othandizira kuchipatala" amaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a mercury pokonzekera mankhwala. Koma pakadali pano apezeka mu katemera, ndipo palibe amene akutsatira izi! ”

Katemera wina wopanda nzeru kwambiri, Sergei, pamodzi ndi anzawo madokotala amalingalira katemera wa chimfine. Kachilombo ka fuluwenza nthawi zonse kamasinthasintha, ndipo sikofunikira kuti mliri wotsatira udzetse chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwa katemera. Chifukwa chake katemera sagwira ntchito! Kuphatikiza apo, madokotala amati muyenera kuganizira magawo a thupi, kuyambira ndi mawonekedwe a chitetezo chokwanira komanso kutha ndi chizolowezi chokhala ndi chifuwa. Popanda zinthu izi, katemera amatha kumapeto kwa tsoka.

Makolo sanafunsidwe

"Chifukwa chiyani masewerawa?" Dr. Gennady Markov pankhani yolipira ndalama kuchipatala komanso kuchuluka kwa odwala

Mnzake wa Sergei Shlyonsky adabweretsanso mafomu ku Roszdravnadzor ndi ku ofesi ya wotsutsa: mwana wake wamkazi wazaka 14 akudwala katemera. Analandira katemera wa DTP pansi pa phewa lake ndipo dontho la polio linayendetsa. Namwino adalowa mkalasi ndikuti katemera wafika ndipo aliyense ayenera kupita katemera, ndipo chilolezo kuchokera kwa makolo chitha kubweretsedwa mawa. Katemera asanachitike, palibe amene anafunsa zaumoyo wa ana, ndipo mtsikanayo anali ndi chimfine panthawiyo.

Tsamba la jakisoni linali lopweteka kwambiri kwa milungu iwiri, mtsikanayo adakutidwa ndi zidzolo. Mwana amatenga nawo mbali pamasewera olimbitsa thupi - othamanga, ndipo zotsatira zonse zamasewera zimangowonjezereka. Patatha sabata limodzi, adasiya kudya, ludzu, kukodzana pafupipafupi, kufowoka. Tiyeni tipite kuchipatala. Zitatha kuti mtsikanayo adumpha shuga, adapita naye kuchipatala ndi ambulansi. Matendawa ndi a shuga. Mwa njira, palibe wachibale amene adavutika kale. Tsopano mtsikanayo ali ndi kulumala.

Katemera wa shuga amapangidwa

Uthenga Greyman » 11.02.2015, 21:56

Kuyesa bwino kwa mbewa kumapereka chiyembekezo chopewa matenda a shuga 1, omwe amakhudza achinyamata mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mankhwala atsopano akuletsa kuwonongeka kwa maselo a beta omwe amapanga insulin.

Asayansi ku University of St. Louis apeza njira yolepheretsa matenda ashuga a mbewa ku mbewa poletsa njira za autoimmune zomwe zimayambitsa kupha ma cell a pancreatic beta. Mwina, pamaziko a ukadaulo uwu, ndizotheka kupanga njira zothandiza kupewa komanso kuchiza matenda amodzi omwe ali ovuta kwambiri.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa a autoimmune momwe chitetezo chathupi "molakwika" chimawononga maselo a beta opanga insulin. Zotsatira zake, shuga imayambitsa kuperewera kwa mahomoni ndi hyperglycemia - kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi. Mosiyana ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu II, matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba samakula chifukwa cha ukalamba, koma amapezeka makamaka mwa achinyamata komanso ana. Tsoka ilo, palibe mankhwala ochiritsira matendawa, ndipo odwala ayenera kuwunika shuga wawo wamagazi ndikutenga insulini moyo wawo wonse. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, matenda ashuga amakhudzana ndi zovuta zambiri zowopsa, mwachitsanzo, chiopsezo cha kufa chifukwa cha matenda amtima ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndiochulukirapo kangapo kuposa mwa anthu athanzi. Pazonse, pali anthu pafupifupi 250 miliyoni omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga padziko lapansi, opitilira 2,5 miliyoni ku Russia.Akatswiri akuwona kuwonjezeka kwapadziko lonse kwamilandu, ndipo chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi omwe sankafuna thandizo amatha kukwera kangapo.

Kafukufuku watsopano, wotsogozedwa ndi Dr. Thomas Burris ndipo adasindikizidwa ku Endocrinology, amapereka njira yatsopano yolepheretsira matenda ashuga, osati kungochiza zisonyezo zake. Malinga ndi a Bar Barris, chithandizo chatsopano chitha kuchedwetsa kukula kwa matenda a shuga a mtundu wa Edzi kapenanso kuthetsa kufunika kwa jakisoni wa insulin.

Mpaka pano, asayansi amadziwa kuti mitundu iwiri ya chitetezo cha mthupi ya T ndiyomwe imayambitsa matenda a shuga. Komanso, momwe mtundu wachitatu wamaselo (TH17) sizikudziwika. A Thomas Barris ndi anzawo adawona kuti awiri othandizira ma nyukiliya amatenga mbali yofunika pakukula kwa maselo a Th17. Komanso, adatha kuyimitsa matenda a autoimmune mu mbewa zingapo zoyesera, nateteza maselo awo a beta kuti asawonongeke.

Asayansi apanga chinthu chapadera chomwe chimalepheretsa ROR alpha ndi gamma t receptors antagonist yotchedwa SR1001. Izi zimachepetsa kwambiri mawonetsedwe a matenda a shuga mu mbewa ndipo zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kuwonongeka kwa maselo opanga insulin.

Zomwe zapezedwa zikuwonetsa kuti maselo a Th17 amatenga gawo lofunikira pakukula kwa matenda a shuga a mtundu I. Ofufuzawo amawona kuti mankhwala omwe amagwira pama cell awa ndi odalitsika kwambiri. Mankhwalawa amathandizira kupondereza matenda ashuga kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko ndikupewanso zovuta zonse zathanzi komanso zowopsa m'moyo. Padziko lonse lapansi, mankhwala atsopano amatha kupulumutsa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri ndikupulumutsa madola mabiliyoni ambiri omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira insulin mankhwala komanso pochiza matenda opatsirana.

"Tengani sindingathe"

Gaucher wamng'ono ndi wopotozedwa. Pomwe amaloledwa kulowa khola la ana okha kwa maola awiri okha, chifukwa mwana amafunika kulumikizana ndi anzawo.

"Atalandira mphatso ndi maswiti a Chaka Chatsopano, mwana wake misozi idandipatsa:" Tenga, papa, koma sindingathe. " Inenso ndinali wokonzeka kudzivula, ”Sergey akuusa moyo.

Chifukwa chiyani maphunziro a zotsatira za katemera samachitika?

"Tikukhala m'dziko ladyera komanso lankhanza," akutsimikiza Sergey. Ndalama zimapangidwa pachilichonse, kuphatikizapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi katemera. ”

Ndipo ana athu amalipira.

Katemera amafunika

Dokotala wokwera mtengo kwambiri. Malipiro a neurosurgeon ku Yaroslavl - 6 ma ruble

A Tatyana Zamiralova, wamkulu wa bungwe la Roszdravnadzor m'chigawo cha Yaroslavl: "Sikoyenera kukana makolo kulandira ana awo, ngakhale lingaliro likadali nawo. Katemera ukatha, chitetezo chimayamba, ndipo izi zimatetezanso mwana ku matenda. Mwana akamalandira katemera, samadwala chifukwa chogonana ndi odwala. Koma muyenera kupatsidwa katemera posagwirizana ndi zotsutsana ndi zamankhwala, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi adokotala, mwachitsanzo, matenda ena osakhalapo, kupezeka kwa matenda oopsa a kutupa. Kaya kukonzekera kwa mwana katemera ndikofunikira ndi komwe kumatsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala. Patsiku la katemera, mwana amawunikidwa ndi dokotala. Katemera asanafike, makolo ayenera kupatsidwa chidziletso mwakufuna kwawo kapena kukana katemera. ”

Makolo ali ndi udindo waukulu

Alexander Kostlivtsev, chiropractor: "Zaka 40-50 zapitazo, anthu amadya mosiyanasiyana, amapumira mpweya wosiyanasiyana, osagwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki. Mothandizidwa ndi vaccinations panthawiyi, zinali zotheka kupirira ndi matenda ambiri oyipa.

Koma dziko lasintha: mankhwala osokoneza bongo, poizoni, allergen anaphwanya chitetezo cha munthu. Kugonjera katemera kunayamba pafupipafupi, zovuta zazikulu zimawonekera.

Boma lathu limapereka chisankho - kutemera mwana kapena ayi. Tili ndi ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito katemera mwakufuna kwathu, ndipo makolo ayenera kumvetsetsa momwe dongosololi lili labwino. Katemera sikuti ndikuwombera kapena madontho ochepa chabe, ndikuwopseza chitetezo cha munthu, zomwe zimapangitsa zovuta zake kudziwiratu. Atasiya lingaliro la anawo, makolowo amakhalabe ndi vuto la mwana wawo. ”

Kodi katemera wa chifuwachi angachiritse matenda ashuga?

Masiku ano pali njira zingapo zothanirana ndi matenda amtunduwu, omwe ambiri mwa iwo amapezeka pamfundo yoletsa chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chimawononga maselo a insulin, kapena pakonzanso ntchito yake kuti dongosolo “limadutsa” khungu la beta.

Tsoka ilo, njirazi zimakhala ndi zotsatirapo zake zowononga ndalama komanso ndalama zambiri. Chifukwa chake, asayansi ndi akatswiri a sayansi padziko lonse lapansi sasiya kuyang'ana njira yabwino kwambiri yothanirana ndi matendawa, omwe angakhale ndi zotsatirapo zabwino komanso zotsatirapo zoyipa zazing'ono mthupi la munthu.

Chifukwa chake asayansi ochokera ku American Diabetes Association adachita kafukufuku ndi cholinga chofuna kudziwa momwe katemera omwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito mu prophylactic chithandizo cha chifuwa chachikulu amakhudza mtundu woyamba wa shuga.

Kuyesa kochita kafukufuku, komwe kunapezeka ndi anthu 150 omwe anali ndi matenda ashuga kuyambira azaka 18 mpaka 60, adawonetsa kuti katemera wa chifuwa chachikulu ali ndi zotsatira zabwino zochizira.

Katswiri wazachipatala wa ku America a Denise Faustman amakhulupirira kuti jakisoni wokhudza chifuwa chachikulu choperekedwa kwa anthu odwala matenda amtundu wa 1 angaimitse kuwonongeka kwa maselo a T, omwe amawononga maselo omwe amakhala ndi ma antigen achilendo. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti jakisoni wotsutsa chifuwa chachikulu, akaperekedwa pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse, amaletsa kufa kwa maselo ofunikira.

Posachedwa, zakonzedwa kuti zipitirize phunziroli ndi jakisoni wa katemera wa TB kwa ambiri odwala.

Barele limangokhala ndi shuga: zothandiza katundu, maphikidwe, contraindication

Mchiritsi wa Beetle ndi mankhwala ake. Kodi cholakwika chingathandize bwanji odwala matenda ashuga?

Kodi shuga mumagazi ndi chiyani? Werengani zambiri mu nkhaniyi.

Kuchokera ku chimfine

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mumawombera chimfine nyengo iliyonse. Zotsatira za Lethal m'gulu ili la odwala omwe ali ndi fuluwenza zambiri. Katemera uyu amasonyezedwanso kwa amayi apakati. Katemera wa chimfine amayenda bwino kwambiri nthawi yophukira: Okutobala - Novembala. Odwala a chimfine sayenera kumwa mankhwalawa omwe adapangidwa ndi endocrinologist.

Katemera wa ku Mexico wa 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 ngati katemera watsopano wa anthu

Aliyense wamva nkhaniyo: katemera wa matenda ashuga awonekera kale, posachedwa adzagwiritsidwa ntchito kupewa matenda oopsa. Msonkhano wa atolankhani udachitika posachedwapa mothandizidwa ndi Salvador Chacon Ramirez, Purezidenti wa Victory Over Diabetes Foundation, ndi Lucia Zárate Ortega, Purezidenti wa Mexico Association for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Autoimmune Pathologies.

Msonkhanowu, katemera wa shuga amaperekedwa mwalamulo, omwe sangangoteteza matenda, komanso zovuta zake odwala matenda ashuga.

Kodi katemera amagwira ntchito bwanji ndipo amatha kutha kuthana ndi matendawa? Kapena ndi zachinyengo zina zamalonda? Mafunso awa athandizira kumvetsetsa nkhaniyi.

Chithandizo cha shuga Chatsopano

Autohemotherapy ndi njira yatsopano yochizira matenda amishuga a shuga 1 mwa ana ndi akulu. Kafukufuku wamankhwala otere adatsimikizira kuti alibe zotsatira zoyipa. Asayansi akuwona kuti odwala omwe adalandira katemera nthawi yayitali adamva kusintha kwathanzi.

Woyambitsa njira ina ndi Mexico. Phunziro la njirayi lidafotokozedwa ndi Jorge González Ramirez, MD. Odwala amalandila sampuli ya 5-cubic metres. masentimita komanso kusakanizidwa ndi mchere (55 ml). Kuphatikizanso apo, kusakaniza koteroko kumakhudzidwa mpaka +5 digiri Celsius.

Kenako katemera wa matenda a shuga a mellitus amaperekedwa kwa anthu, ndipo pakapita nthawi, kagayidwe kameneka kamasinthidwa. Mphamvu ya katemera imalumikizidwa ndi njirazi mthupi la wodwalayo. Monga mukudziwa, kutentha kwa thupi la munthu wathanzi ndi madigiri 36.6-36.7. Pakuperekedwa katemera wokhala ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 5, kutentha kwadzidzidzi kumachitika m'thupi la munthu. Koma mkhalidwe wopsinjika uwu uli ndi phindu pa metabolism ndi zolakwa zamtundu.

Katemera amatenga masiku 60. Komanso, ziyenera kubwerezedwa chaka chilichonse. Malinga ndi amene adatulukira, katemerayu atha kulepheretsa kukula kwa zovuta zazikulu: stroke, kulephera kwa impso, khungu ndi zinthu zina.

Komabe, oyang'anira katemera sangapereke chitsimikizo cha kuchiritsidwa kwa 100%. Uku ndi kuchiritsa, koma osati chozizwitsa. Moyo ndi thanzi la wodwala limakhalabe m'manja mwake. Amayenera kutsatira malangizo a katswiri ndikalandira katemera pachaka. Zachidziwikire, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi a shuga komanso zakudya zapadera, sizinathetsedwe.

Zotsatira Zazachipatala

Masekondi asanu aliwonse padziko lapansi, munthu m'modzi amadwala matenda ashuga, ndipo masekondi 7 aliwonse - wina amamwalira. Ku United States kokha, anthu pafupifupi 1.25 miliyoni ali ndi matenda a shuga. Ziwerengerozi, monga momwe tikuonera, ndizokhumudwitsa kwathunthu.

Ofufuza amakono ambiri amati katemera amodzi yemwe timawadziwa bwino atithandiza kuthana ndi matendawa. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zopitilira 100, ndi BCG - katemera wolimbana ndi chifuwa chachikulu (BCG, Bacillus Calmette). Podzafika mu 2017, idagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza khansa ya chikhodzodzo.

Chitetezo cha mthupi chikakhala ndi mphamvu yokhudza kapamba, maselo a tizilomboka timayamba kuyambika. Zimakhudza ma cell a beta a islets a Langerhans, kuletsa kupanga kwa mahomoni.

Zotsatira za phunziroli zinali zabwino kwambiri. Otenga nawo mbali poyesererapo adalandira jekeseni wa chifuwa chachikulu kawiri masiku 30 aliwonse. Pofotokozera mwachidule zotsatira zake, ochita kafukufuku sanapeze maselo a T mwa odwala, ndipo mwa ena mwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu 1, kapamba adayambanso kupanga mahomoni.

Dr. Faustman, yemwe adapanga maphunziro awa, akufuna kuyesa odwala omwe ali ndi mbiri yayitali ya matenda ashuga. Wofufuzayo akufuna akwaniritse zotsimikizira zochizira komanso kusintha katemera kuti akhale njira yeniyeni yothetsera matenda ashuga.

Kafukufuku watsopano azichitidwa mwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 18 ndi 60. Adzalandira katemera kawiri pamwezi, kenako amachepetsa njirayo kamodzi pachaka kwa zaka 4.

Kuphatikiza apo, katemera uyu adagwiritsidwa ntchito ali mwana kuyambira zaka 5 mpaka 18. Kafukufukuyu adatsimikizira kuti akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu azaka zotere. Palibe zoyipa zomwe zidapezeka, komanso pafupipafupi kukhululukidwa sikunawonjezeke.

Kupewa matenda a shuga

Ngakhale kuti katemera safala, kuwonjezera apo, kafukufuku wina akuchitika.

Anthu ambiri odwala matenda ashuga komanso anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo ayenera kutsatira njira zopewera kupewa.

Komabe, izi zithandizanso kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi matenda komanso zovuta zake. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu ndi: kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga ndikutsatira zakudya.

• tsatirani zakudya zapadera zomwe zimaphatikizapo zovuta zam'mimba komanso zakudya zamafuta ambiri,
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi katatu pa sabata
• chotsani mapaundi owonjezera,
• Nthawi zonse muziyang'anira kuchuluka kwa glycemia,
• gonani mokwanira, gwiritsani ntchito nthawi yopuma ndi ntchito,
• Pewani nkhawa zambiri
• pewani kupsinjika.

Ngakhale wodwalayo akapezeka ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, munthu sayenera kukwiya. Ndikwabwino kugawana vutoli ndi okondedwa omwe angalimbikitse munthawi yovuta ngati iyi. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti awa si chiganizo, ndipo amakhala ndi icho kwa nthawi yayitali, malinga ndi malingaliro onse a dotolo.

Monga mukuwonera, mankhwala amakono akuyang'ana njira zatsopano zolimbana ndi matendawa. Mwina posachedwa, ofufuza alengeza za kukhazikitsidwa kwa katemera wa matenda ashuga. Pakadali pano, muyenera kukhutira ndi njira zochizira.

Kanemayo munkhaniyi akukamba za katemera watsopano wa matenda ashuga.

Chithandizo chatsopano - mitundu ya katemera wa shuga

Kukula kwambiri komanso kufa kwa anthu kuchokera ku mtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2 wa matenda ashuga kumakakamiza asayansi padziko lonse lapansi kuti apange njira zatsopano ndi malingaliro othandizira matendawa.

Zidzakhala zosangalatsa kuti ambiri aphunzire njira zatsopano zamankhwala, kupanga katemera wa matenda ashuga, zotsatira za zomwe zapezeka mderali.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga

Njira zochizira matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga ndizosiyana ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda amtundu wa shuga.

Zotsatira zamankhwala zomwe zimapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe zimawonekera patapita nthawi yayitali. Poyesa kuchepetsa kukwaniritsa kwamphamvu pamankhwala, mankhwala amakono akupanga mankhwala ochulukirachulukira, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zatsopano, ndikupeza zotsatira zabwino komanso zabwino.

Pochiza matenda a shuga a 2, magulu atatu a mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Zochita za mankhwalawa ndicholinga:

• kuchepa kwa shuga
• kuponderezedwa kwa shuga m'magazi a chiwindi,
• kukondoweza kwa insulin ya insulin pogwiritsira ntchito maselo a pancreatic,
• Kuletsa insulin kukaniza maselo ndi minofu ya thupi,
• kuchuluka insulin kumva mafuta ndi minofu minofu.

Mankhwala ambiri ali ndi zoperewera pakulimbana ndi thupi:

• kunenepa kwambiri, hypoglycemia,
• totupa, pakhungu pakhungu,
• zam'mimba dongosolo.

Chothandiza kwambiri, chodalirika ndi Metformin. Imasinthasintha magwiritsidwe ake. Mutha kuwonjezera mlingo, kuphatikiza ndi ena. Mukamathandizira ndi insulin, ndizovomerezeka kuti musinthe mlingo, kuchepetsa insulin.

Chithandizo chotsimikiziridwa kwambiri cha mtundu 1 komanso matenda amtundu wa 2 chinali chithandizo cha insulin.

Kufufuza pano sikuyimilira. Pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito pakupanga ma genetic, ma insulin osinthika amtundu wautali ndi wautali amalandiridwa.

Odziwika kwambiri ndi Apidra - insulin yochepa ndi Lantus - woleza mtima.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo pamodzi monga momwe angathere kumathandizira kubisalira kwachilengedwe kwa insulin yopangidwa ndi kapamba, ndipo kumalepheretsa zovuta.

Makina owonera magazi a pakompyuta omwe adapangidwa ndi S. Levitiko amawongolera kapamba. Tsamba lokonzekera limapangidwa pambuyo pofotokoza za chipangizo cha pakompyuta, chomwe wodwalayo amavala masiku 5.

Kuti akhalebe wodekha pakuchiza odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, adapanganso zida zomwe zimamangiriridwa ndi lamba.

Nthawi zonse amasankha shuga wamagazi ndipo, pogwiritsa ntchito pampu yapadera, amalandira jakisoni wodziwika yekha wa insulin.

Zithandizo Zatsopano

Njira zatsopano zopangira matenda ashuga zimaphatikizapo:

• ntchito maselo
• katemera
• kufoola magazi,
• kufalikira kwa kapamba kapena ziwalo zake.

Kugwiritsa ntchito maselo a tsinde ndi njira ya ultramodern. Zimachitika m'makliniki apadera, mwachitsanzo, ku Germany.

Mu labotale, maselo a stem amakula omwe amabzalidwa wodwala. Zotengera zatsopano, minofu imapangidwa mwa iye, ntchito zimabwezeretseka, mulingo wa glucose imasinthidwa.

Katemera wakhala wolimbikitsa. Kwa pafupifupi theka la zaka, asayansi ku Europe ndi America akhala akugwira ntchito ya katemera wa matenda ashuga.

Makina a autoimmune njira mu shuga mellitus amachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa beta maselo a T-lymphocyte.

Katemerayu, wopangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito nanotechnology, ayenera kuteteza maselo a kancreatic pancreatic beta, ndikubwezeretsa malo owonongeka ndikulimbitsa T-lymphocyte zomwe zikusungidwa, chifukwa popanda iwo thupi limakhalabe langozi yotenga matenda ndi oncology.

Kuchepetsa magazi kusefedwa kapena extracorporeal hemocorrection amagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha zovuta matenda a shuga.

Mwazi umapakidwa kudzera pazosefera zapadera, zolemeretsedwa ndi mankhwala ofunikira, mavitamini. Amasinthidwa, kumasulidwa ku zinthu zapoizoni zomwe zimakhudza ziwiya zamkati.

M'makliniki otsogola padziko lonse lapansi, m'malo opanda chiyembekezo kwambiri omwe ali ndi zovuta kwambiri, kupatsirana chiwalo kapena ziwalo zake ntchito. Zotsatirazi zimatengera wothandizila yemwe sanasankhe bwino.

Kanema wokhudza matenda a shuga ochokera kwa Dr. Komarovsky:

Zotsatira Zazachipatala

Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa chaka cha 2013, asayansi achi Dutch ndi aku America adapanga katemera wa BHT-3021 pokana matenda ashuga amtundu 1.

Zochita za katemera ndikusintha ma cell a beta, kaphatikizidwe m'malo mwake kuti awononge chitetezo chamthupi cha T-lymphocyte.

Maselo opulumutsidwa a beta angayambenso kupanga insulin.

Asayansi amati katemera uyu ndi “katemera wa kusintha zinthu” kapena kusinthiratu. Iyo, yoletsa chitetezo cha mthupi (T-lymphocyte), imabwezeretsa katulutsidwe ka insulin (maselo a beta). Nthawi zambiri katemera aliyense amalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi - kuchitapo kanthu mwachindunji.

Dr. Lawrence Steiman wa ku yunivesite ya Stanford adatcha katemerayu "katemera woyamba wa dziko lapansi ku dziko lapansi," chifukwa, monga katemera wofanana ndi chimfine, samatulutsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Amachepetsa ntchito ya maselo oteteza kumatenda omwe amawononga insulin popanda kukhudza mbali zake zina.

Katemera woyeserera anayesedwa pa anthu 80 odzipereka.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza zotsatira zabwino. Palibe mavuto omwe adapezeka. Maphunziro onse anali ndi kuchuluka kwa C-peptides, zomwe zikuwonetsa kubwezeretsa kapamba.

Mapangidwe a insulin ndi C-peptide

Kuti mupitilize kuyesa, chilolezo cha katemera chinasamutsidwa ku Tolerion, kampani yopanga biotechnology ku California.

Mu 2016, dziko lidaphunzira za malingaliro atsopano. Pamsonkhanowu, Purezidenti wa Mexico Association for Diagnosis and Treatment of Autoimmune matenda, a Lucia Zarate Ortega, ndi Purezidenti wa Victory Over Diabetes Foundation, a Salvador Chacon Ramirez, adapereka mtundu watsopano wa 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 wa katemera wa matenda ashuga.

Maluso a katemera wa katemera ali motere:

1. Wodwala amalandira ma 5 a magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha.
2. 55 ml ya madzi apadera ophatikizidwa ndi saline yachilengedwe amawonjezeredwa ku chubu choyesera ndi magazi.
3. Zosakanikirana zotumizirazo zimatumizidwa mufiriji ndikusungidwa pamenepo mpaka osakaniza atazizira mpaka madigiri 5 Celsius.
4. Kenako kutentha kutentha kwa thupi la madigiri 37.

Kusintha kwa kutentha, kapangidwe kake ka osakaniza kamasinthika mwachangu. Zotsatira zomwe zidzapangidwe ndizoyenera kukhala katemera waku Mexico. Mutha kusunga katemera wotere kwa miyezi iwiri. Chithandizo chake, komanso zakudya zapadera komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi zimatha chaka.

Asanalandire chithandizo, odwala amapemphedwa nthawi yomweyo, ku Mexico, kukayezetsa.

Kupambana kwa maphunziro aku Mexico kwatsimikiziridwa padziko lonse lapansi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti katemera waku Mexico walandila "tikiti ya kumoyo."

Kufunika kwa kupewa

Popeza njira zatsopano zamankhwala sizipezeka kwa aliyense wokhala ndi matenda ashuga, kupewa matendawa kumakhalabe vuto, chifukwa mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga ndi matenda, kuthekera kwa kudwala komwe kumadalira iye mwini.

Malangizo zodzitchinjiriza ndi malamulo a moyo wabwino:

1. Zakudya zoyenera komanso chikhalidwe.
2. Maluso akumwa madzi.
3. Moyo wapaulendo, wogwira ntchito.
4. Kuchotsera mitsempha yambiri.
5. Kukana zizolowezi zoipa.
6. Kuwongolera matenda omwe alipo.
7. Kuchiritsa mpaka kutha kwa matenda opatsirana, osakhazikika.
8. Onani kupezeka kwa helminths, mabakiteriya, majeremusi.
9. Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali, mumapereka magazi pafupipafupi kuti muunikidwe.

Zakudya zoyenera ndizofunikira kwambiri kupewa.

Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa zakudya zotsekemera, ufa, mafuta ochulukirapo. Pewani zakumwa zoledzeretsa, koloko, zakudya zachangu, zakudya zachangu komanso zosafunikira, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zinthu zovulaza, zoteteza.

Onjezerani zakudya zamitundu yambiri:

Imwani madzi oyeretsedwa mpaka malita awiri masana.

Zimafunikira kuzolowera ndikuwona ntchito zotheka zolimbitsa thupi ngati chizolowezi: kuyenda kwamtali wautali, masewera akunja, kukwera miyendo, magiredi opangira simulators.

Kuchokera pneumococcal matenda

Ndi matenda a shuga, madokotala amalangizidwa mwamphamvu kuti apatsidwe katemera wa pneumococcal. Makamaka chisamaliro chikuyenera kuperekedwa pochita ndi katemera wa matenda ashuga omwe zaka zawo zimaposa 65. Sinusitis, chibayo ndi meningitis ndi ena mwa matenda oyipa m'gululi la odwala omwe amatha kuchitika chifukwa chobwera ndi chibayo.

Motsutsana ndi chiwindi b

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 komanso matenda amitundu iwiri akuwonetsedwa kuti apatsidwa katemera wa hepatitis B. Kuzindikiridwa kwa katemerayu kudalembedwa milandu iwiri: mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 60. Katemera otere angathe kuchitidwa mwa kufuna kwa dokotala komanso kwa wodwala yekha. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa katemera pa msinkhuwu. Pali mavuto muyezo onenepa.

Oposa 50% odwala omwe ali ndi matendawa ali ndi zovuta zolemetsa. Mafuta ochulukirapo amalepheretsa kuti phukusi la katemera lisamathere bwino.

Katemera wa Pertussis

Matenda a shuga ndi chotsatira cha katemera wa pertussis mwa ana.

Momwe thupi limaperekera katemerayu ndikuwonjezera pakupanga kwa insulini ndi kufooka kwa kapamba, ndiye kuti, ma islets a Langrens, omwe amapanga mahomoni awa. Zotsatira zake zitha kukhala matenda 2: hypoglycemia ndi matenda ashuga. Mavuto atatha kuperekera katemera kumatha kukhala ndi shuga m'magazi. Katemera uyu ali ndi pertussis toxin. Ndi za poizoni. Zitha kukhudza thupi m'njira zosadalirika. Chifukwa chake, madokotala adaganiza zoyesa kulumikizana kwa katemera wa pertussis ndi matenda ashuga.

Rubella, Mumps ndi Chithokomiro Katemera

MMR ndi amodzi mwa mayina azachipatala. Zomwe zili, zomwe ndi rubella, zimakhudza thupi la mwana ngati matenda owona. Mapampu ndi rubella amadziwika kuti amayambitsa matenda amtundu 1 shuga. Ngati mwana ali ndi kachilombo m'mimba, yomwe idadwala ndi rubella panthawi ya bere, pambuyo pake atapatsidwa katemera wa rubella, matenda ashuga amatha kupezeka chifukwa cha kulumikizana kwa kachilombo kafooka ndi zomwe zimapezeka kale mthupi la mwana. Popeza kapamba ndiye chiwalo cholumikizitsa thupi, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a shuga ndiwokwera.

Chomwe chimapanga ma mumps (ma mumps), ngati kachilombo koyenera, chimatha kukhudza kapamba komanso kupweteka kwa kapamba. Ndi gawo lofooka la chiwalo, chiopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga chimakhalabe chambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, ma antibodies onga nkhumba amasokoneza ma cell a ma pancreatic beta, kuwaukira.

Hemophilus fuluwenza ndi katemera wa hepatitis B

Poyankha ndi interferon yaulere, thupi la mwana limayamba kuwononga maselo a pancreatic.

Katemera wa Hib amatha kuyambitsa matenda a shuga. Pali umboni wotsimikizira kuti ana omwe alandira katemera 4 mmalo mwa amodzi adakhudzidwa ndi matenda amtundu woyamba. Katemera wa hepatitis B angayambitsenso matenda a shuga 1. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha ma interferon aulere. Chitetezo cha mthupi chimakumana ndi zotumphukira izi ngati tizilombo ndipo chikuwononga ziwalo zake zomwe.