Tebulo iye Type 1 shuga

Ndi mtundu woyamba wa shuga, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe muyenera kudya mukatha kudya. Wodwalayo amayenera kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya nthawi zonse, kuti awone ngati mankhwala ena ali oyenera kupezeka ndi zopweteka kwambiri pakhungu. Kusamalidwa makamaka kuyenera kuchitika mukamawerengera miyambo ya "ultrashort" komanso "yochepa" insulin kuti musanadye.

Magulu a buledi a shuga ndi njira yothokoza kumene kumakhala kosavuta kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe amabwera ndi chakudya. Magome apadera ali ndi dzina la malonda ndi kuchuluka kapena kuchuluka kwake kogwirizana ndi 1 XE.

Zambiri

Gulu limodzi la mkate limafanana ndi 10 mpaka 12 ga mafuta ochulukirapo omwe thupi limagwirira ntchito. Ku USA, 1 XE ndi 15 g yamafuta. Chigawo "mkate" sichiri mwangozi: muyezo - wophatikiza ndi 25 g wa mkate - ndi chidutswa cha pafupifupi masentimita 1, ogawika magawo awiri.

Matebulo a mikate ya mkate amagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ochokera kumaiko osiyanasiyana amatha kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu kamodzi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yapadziko lonse lapansi ya XE kumachotsa njira yovuta yoyezera zinthu musanadye: chinthu chilichonse chimakhala ndi XE cholemera china. Mwachitsanzo, 1 XE ndi kapu yamkaka, 90 g ya walnuts, 10 g shuga, 1 Persimmon.

Kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu (malinga ndi magawo a buledi) omwe wodwala matendawa amalandila pachakudya chotsatira, kuchuluka kwa insulin "kulipira" kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Pamene wodwala amaganizira kwambiri za XE pa chinthu china chake, amachepetsa chiwopsezo cha kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Kuti muzikhazikitsa zizindikiritso, muthane ndi vuto la hyperglycemic, muyenera kudziwa GI kapena index ya glycemic ya zakudya. Chizindikirocho chikufunika kuti mumvetsetse momwe shuga ya magazi imatha kukhalira mukamadya mtundu wosankhidwa wa chakudya. Mayina okhala ndi ma "carbohydrate" othamanga omwe ali ndi mafuta ochepa kwambiri amakhala ndi GI yayikulu, ndipo zopatsa mphamvu "zochepa" zimakhala ndi mndandanda wotsika komanso wapakati wa glycemic.

M'mayiko osiyanasiyana, 1 XE imakhala ndi kusiyana mu mtundu wa mawu oti: "carbohydrate" kapena "starchy", koma izi sizikhudza kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamtengo wokwanira.

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Chithunzi cholimba chamchiberekero cham'mimba: ndi chiyani ndipo ndi ntchito yanji yopanga? Phunzirani yankho m'nkhaniyi.

Kodi tebulo la XE ndi chiyani?

Ndi mtundu wa 1 wodwala matenda a insulin, wodwalayo amakumana ndi zovuta zambiri pakupanga mndandanda woyenera. Kwa ambiri, kudya kumasandulika kuzunzika: muyenera kudziwa zomwe zakudya zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kuchuluka kwa chinthu chimodzi kapena china. Muyenera kusamala makamaka ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri.

Tanthauzo la magawo a mkate pa mtundu uliwonse wa chakudya amakulolani kudya bwino, kuti muchepetse kukhathamira kwa shuga yamagazi. Ndikokwanira kuyang'ana patebulopo kuti muwerenge mwachangu kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu zomwe thupi limapeza mgonero kapena chakudya cham'mawa. Dongosolo lapadera la XE limakupatsani mwayi woti musankhe zakudya zabwino popanda kupitiliza kudya tsiku lililonse.

Kodi muyenera kupeza magawo angati patsiku?

Muyezo wamba XE mulibe. Mukamasankha chakudya chochuluka komanso chakudya chokwanira, ndikofunikira kulingalira:

• zaka (mwa anthu okalamba, metabolism imayamba kuchepa)
• moyo (kugwira ntchito kapena kuchita zolimbitsa thupi),
• kuchuluka kwa shuga (kuopsa kwa matenda ashuga)
• kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa mapaundi owonjezera (onenepa kwambiri, mawonekedwe a XE amachepetsa).

Mulingo wochepera:

• ndikugwira ntchito mpaka 15 XE,
• ndi zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri - mpaka 30 XE.

Zizindikiro Zonenepa:

• ndi kuchepa kwa kayendedwe, kugwira ntchito - kuyambira 10 mpaka 13 XE,
• ntchito yayikulu - mpaka 25 XE,
• zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi - mpaka 17 XE.

Madokotala ambiri amalimbikitsa kuti pakhale chakudya chopatsa thanzi koma chochepa kwambiri. Kubata kwakukulu - kuchuluka kwa mitanda ya mkate ndi njirayi kumachepetsedwa kukhala 2,5 mpaka 3E. Ndi dongosololi, nthawi imodzi, wodwalayo amalandira kuchokera ku 0,7 mpaka 1 mkate mkate. Ndi chakudya chamagulu pang'ono, wodwalayo amadya masamba ambiri, nyama yopanda mphamvu, nsomba zamafuta ochepa, zipatso, masamba amiyala. Kuphatikiza kwa mapuloteni omwe ali ndi mavitamini ndi mafuta a masamba amapatsa thupi mphamvu ndi michere. Anthu ambiri odwala matenda ashuga omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira yochepetsera ya carb amachepetsa kuchepa kwa shuga pambuyo pa sabata poyesedwa m'magazi a glucose mita komanso mu labotale yachipatala. Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi glucometer kunyumba kuti nthawi zonse muziyang'anira kuwerenga kwa shuga.

Phunzirani zamomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ndi malamulo othandizira ziphuphu zakunyumba zomwe zikuchulukitsa matenda a ziwalo.

Momwe mungachepetse progesterone mwa amayi omwe ali ndi mitengo yokwera? Zochizira zothandiza zimapangidwa m'nkhaniyi.

Pitani ku http://vse-o-gormonah.com/vnutrennaja-sekretsija/shhitovidnaya/produkty-s-jodom.html ndikuwona tebulo lazakudya zolemera za ayodini.

Kodi angachite bwanji?

Kuyeza chakudya nthawi iliyonse sikofunikira! Asayansi adaphunzira zomwe adapanga ndikupanga tebulo la zakudya kapena Bread Units - XE mwa iwo anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

Kwa 1 XE, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi 10 g yamafuta amoto amatengedwa. Mwanjira ina, malinga ndi dongosolo la XE, zinthu zomwe zimachokera pagulu zomwe zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi zimawerengedwa

chimanga (mkate, buwheat, oats, mapira, barele, mpunga, pasitala, Zakudyazi),
zipatso ndi misuzi yazipatso,
mkaka, kefir ndi mafuta ena mkaka (kupatula tchizi chamafuta ochepa),
komanso masamba osiyanasiyana - mbatata, chimanga (nyemba ndi nandolo - zochuluka).
koma, chokoleti, ma cookie, maswiti - okhala ndi zochepa muzakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku, mandimu ndi shuga wowona - ziyenera kukhala zochepa pazakudya ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati hypoglycemia (kutsitsa shuga).

Mlingo wa zofunikira pokonzanso umakhudzanso misempha yamagazi. Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, mbatata zosenda zidzakulitsa magazi mwachangu kuposa mbatata yophika kapena yokazinga. Madzi a apulo amapereka msanga wamagazi kwambiri poyerekeza ndi apulo yemwe wadyedwa, komanso mpunga wopukutidwa kuposa wosapukutidwa. Mafuta ndi zakudya zozizira zimachepetsa kuyamwa kwa glucose, ndipo mchere umathamanga.

Kuti mulembetse zakudyazo, pali magome ena apadera a Bread Units, omwe amapereka zambiri za kuchuluka kwa zophatikizira zama carbo okhala ndi 1 XE (ndikupatsani pansipa).

Ndikofunika kwambiri kuphunzira momwe mungadziwire kuchuluka kwa XE muzakudya zomwe mumadya!

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe sizikukukhudzani shuga:

awa ndi masamba - kabichi yamtundu uliwonse, radishi, kaloti, tomato, nkhaka, tsabola wofiira ndi wobiriwira (kupatula mbatata ndi chimanga),

amadyera (sorelo, katsabola, parsley, letesi, etc.), bowa,

batala ndi mafuta a masamba, mayonesi ndi mafuta anyama,

komanso nsomba, nyama, nkhuku, mazira ndi zinthu zawo, tchizi ndi tchizi chanyumba,

mtedza pang'ono (mpaka 50 g).

Kukwera kochepa kwa shuga kumapereka nyemba, nandolo ndi nyemba pang'ono podyera mbali (mpaka 7 tbsp. L)

Kodi ayenera kudya zakudya zingati masana?

Payenera kukhala zakudya zazikulu zitatu, komanso zakudya zapakatikati, zotchedwa zokhwasula-khwasokha kuyambira 1 mpaka 3, i.e. Pakazaka, pakhoza kukhala zakudya 6. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma insulin a ultrashort (Novorapid, Humalog), kuwombera ndikotheka. Izi ndizovomerezeka ngati palibe hypoglycemia mukadumula snack (kutsitsa magazi).

Pofuna kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri cham'mimba chokhala ndi insulin yovomerezeka,

dongosolo lokhazikitsidwa mkate

• 1XE = 10-12 g ya chakudya chamafuta
• 1 XU imafuna magawo 1 mpaka 4 a insulin yochepa (chakudya)
• Pa avareji, 1 XE ndi magawo awiri a insulin yochepa
• Aliyense ali ndi chosowa chake cha insulin pa 1 XE.
  Idziwitsani ndi zolemba zowunika
• Magawo a mkate amayenera kuwerengedwa ndi maso, osayetsa zinthu

Momwe mungawerengere kuchuluka kwa XE kudya masana?

Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kubwerera ku mutu wa "Zakudya Zabwino", kuwerengera zopatsa mphamvu za tsiku ndi tsiku zomwe mumadya, mutatenga 55 kapena 60% yake, dziwani kuchuluka kwa kilocalories omwe amayenera kubwera ndi chakudya.
Kenako, pogawa mtengowu ndi 4 (popeza 1 g yamakanizo amapereka 4 kcal), timapeza kuchuluka kwa tsiku ndi tsiku m'magalamu. Podziwa kuti 1 XE ndi ofanana ndi magalamu 10 a chakudya, gawani kuchuluka kwa chakudya tsiku ndi 10 ndikupeza kuchuluka kwa XE tsiku lililonse.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati ndinu bambo komanso wogwira ntchito kumalo opanga, ndiye kuti zopatsa mphamvu zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 1800 kcal,

60% yake ndi 1080 kcal. Kugawa 1080 kcal mu 4 kcal, timapeza 270 magalamu a chakudya.

Kugawa magalamu 270 ndi magalamu 12, timapeza 22,5 XE.

Kwa mkazi yemwe amagwira ntchito yolimbitsa thupi - 1200 - 60% = 720: 4 = 180: 12 = 15 XE

Muyeso wa mkazi wachikulire komanso osalemera ndiye 12 XE. Chakudya cham'mawa - 3XE, nkhomaliro - 3XE, chakudya chamadzulo - 3XE komanso zokhwasula-khwasula 1 XE

Momwe mungagawire maguluwa tsiku lonse?

Popeza kukhalapo kwa zakudya zazikulu zitatu (kadzutsa, nkhomaliro ndi chakudya chamadzulo), kuchuluka kwa chakudya kwamoto kuyenera kugawidwa pakati pawo,

poganizira mfundo za zakudya zopatsa thanzi (zambiri m'mawa, zochepa madzulo)

ndipo, chabwino, kupatsidwa chidwi chanu.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pakudya kamodzi sikulimbikitsidwa kudya oposa 7 XE, popeza chakudya chamagulu ambiri omwe mumadya pachakudya chimodzi, chiwopsezo chachikulu cha glycemia ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin yochepa kumakulirakulira.

Ndipo mlingo waifupi, "chakudya", insulin, womwe umayendetsedwa kamodzi, sayenera kupitirira magawo 14.

Chifukwa chake kufalikira kwamphamvu zamafuta pakati pa zakudya zazikulu kungakhale motere:

• 3 XE pa kadzutsa (mwachitsanzo, oatmeal - supuni 4 (2 XE), sangweji yophika tchizi kapena nyama (1 XE), tchizi chosawoneka bwino cha tiyi ndi tiyi wobiriwira kapena khofi wokhala ndi zotsekemera).
• Chakudya chamasana - 3 XE: msuzi wa kabichi ndi wowawasa wowawasa (osawerengeka ndi XE) ndi kagawo 1 ka mkate (1 XE), nyama ya nkhumba kapena nsomba ndi masamba saladi mu masamba mafuta, wopanda mbatata, chimanga ndi nyemba (zosawerengeka ndi XE), mbatata yosenda - supuni 4 (2 XE), kapu yamitundu yopanda zipatso
• Chakudya chamadzulo - 3 XE: masamba omelet a mazira atatu ndi tomato 2 (osawerengeka ndi XE) ndi kagawo 1 ka mkate (1 XE), yogurt yokoma 1 galasi (2 XE).

Chifukwa chake, kwathunthu timapeza 9 XE. "Ndipo ma XE ena atatu ali kuti?" Mukufunsa.

XE yotsalira imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya pakati pa chakudya chachikulu ndi usiku. Mwachitsanzo, 2 XE mu mawonekedwe a nthochi imodzi imatha kudyedwa maola 2,5 mutatha kudya kadzutsa, 1 XE mu mawonekedwe a apulo - maola 2,5 pambuyo pa nkhomaliro ndi 1 XE usiku, pa 22.00, mukabayidwa insulin yanu yayitali .

Kupuma pakati pa kadzutsa ndi nkhomaliro iyenera kukhala maola 5, komanso pakati pa nkhomaliro ndi chakudya chamadzulo.

Pambuyo pa chakudya chachikulu, pakatha maola 2,5 payenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono = 1 XE

Kodi zakudya zapakatikati komanso kukakamizidwa usiku wonse ndizovomerezeka kwa anthu onse omwe amapaka insulin?

Zosafunika kwa aliyense. Chilichonse ndi payekha ndipo zimatengera dongosolo lanu la insulin. Nthawi zambiri munthu amakumana ndi zoterezi pomwe anthu amakhala ndi chakudya cham'mawa chokwanira kapena nkhomaliro ndipo sankafuna kudya nthawi yonse ya 3 maola atatha kudya, koma, pokumbukira malingaliro omwe anali nawo kuti azikhala ndi chakudya nthawi ya 11.00 ndi 16.00, "amakankha" XE mwa iwo okha ndikupeza kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Zakudya zapakati pamafunika kwa iwo omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha hypoglycemia patatha maola atatu atatha kudya. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika, kuphatikiza insulin yochepa, insulin yayitali, ndikulowerera kwambiri, nthawi zambiri hypoglycemia imakhalapo panthawiyi (nthawi yogawa mphamvu yayikulu ya insulin komanso kuyambika kwa insulin yayitali.

Pambuyo pa nkhomaliro, nthawi yayitali insulin ikayamba kugwira ntchito ndipo imayatsidwa pamtundu wa insulin yochepa, yomwe imayendetsedwa musanadye nkhomaliro, mwayi wa hypoglycemia umakulanso ndipo 1-2 XE ndi yofunikira popewa. Usiku, pa 22-23.00, mukamapereka insulin yayitali, muzimeza pang'ono muyezo wa 1-2 XE (pang'onopang'ono m'mimba) popewa kuchepa kwa hypoglycemia ngati glycemia panthawiyi ndi ochepera 6.3 mmol / l.

Ndi glycemia pamtunda wa 6.5-7.0 mmol / L, kusakudya usiku kumatha kuyambitsa hyperglycemia ya m'mawa, chifukwa sipadzakhala insulin yokwanira usiku.
Zakudya zapakatikati zopangidwira kupewa hypoglycemia masana ndi usiku siziyenera kupitirira 1-2 XE, apo ayi mudzapeza hyperglycemia m'malo mwa hypoglycemia.
Pazakudya zapakatikati zotengedwa ngati njira yotsatsira mu kuchuluka kwa osaposa 1-2 XE, insulin sikuti imayendetsedwa.

Zambiri zimayankhulidwa pokhudza mkate.
Koma chifukwa chiyani mukuyenera kuwawerenga? Taganizirani chitsanzo ichi.

Tiyerekeze kuti muli ndi mita ya glucose ndipo mumayeza glycemia musanadye. Mwachitsanzo, inu, monga nthawi zonse, mumaba jakisoni magawo 12 a insulin yomwe adokotala adatipatsa, mumadya mbale yophika ndikumwa kapu ya mkaka. Dzulo nawenso mudapereka mlingo womwewo ndikudya phala yomweyo ndikumwa mkaka womwewo, mawa muyenera kuchita zomwezo.

Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa mukangopatuka pa zomwe mumadya, zakudya zanu za glycemia zimasintha nthawi yomweyo, ndipo sizabwino. Ngati ndinu munthu wodziwa kuwerenga komanso wodziwa kuwerengera XE, ndiye kuti kusintha kwa kadyedwe sikokuopsa kwa inu. Kudziwa kuti pa 1 XE pali avareji ya 2 PIECES ya insulin yochepa ndikuti muwerenge momwe mungawerengere XE, mutha kusintha mawonekedwe ake pazakudya, chifukwa chake, mlingo wa insulin momwe mukuwonera, popanda kusiya chindapusa cha shuga. Izi zikutanthauza kuti lero mutha kudya phala ya 4 XE (supuni 8), magawo awiri a buledi (2 XE) ndi tchizi kapena nyama pakudya m'mawa ndikungowonjezera insulin yochepa pa 6 XE 12yi ndikupeza zotsatira zabwino za glycemic.

Mawa m'mawa, ngati mulibe chikondwerero, mutha kudzipereka ndi kapu ya tiyi ndi masangweji awiri (2 XE) ndikulowetsani magawo 4 a insulin yochepa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo mupeze zotsatira zabwino za glycemic. Ndiko kuti, dongosolo lama mkate limathandizira kubaya ndendende kwakanthawi kochepa monga momwe amafunikira kuyamwa kwa zakudya zamafuta, osatinso (omwe amadzala ndi hypoglycemia) komanso osachepera (omwe ali ndi vuto la hyperglycemia), ndikusunga chindalama chabwino cha shuga.

Zakudya zomwe zimayenera kudyedwa pang'ono

- nyama yokonda
- nsomba zamafuta ochepa
- mkaka ndi mkaka (mafuta ochepa)
- tchizi zosakwana 30% mafuta
- kanyumba tchizi osakwana 5% mafuta
- mbatata
- chimanga
- nyemba zopsa (nandolo, nyemba, mphodza)
- mbewu
- pasitala
- buledi ndi makeke (osati olemera)
- zipatso
- mazira

"Wofatsa" amatanthauza theka la ntchito zanu zokhazikika

Zogulitsa kuti zizikasiyidwa kapena kuchepetsedwa momwe zingathere

- batala
- masamba mafuta *
- mafuta
- wowawasa zonona, zonona
- tchizi zoposa 30% mafuta
- tchizi tchizi oposa 5% mafuta
- mayonesi
- nyama yamafuta, mafuta osuta
- masoseji
- nsomba zamafuta
- khungu la mbalame
- nyama zamzitini, nsomba ndi masamba mumafuta
- mtedza, mbewu
- shuga, wokondedwa
- kupanikizana, kupanikizana
- maswiti, chokoleti
- makeke, makeke ndi confectionery ena
- makeke, makeke
- ayisikilimu
- zakumwa zotsekemera (Coca-Cola, Fanta)
- zakumwa zoledzeretsa

Ngati ndi kotheka, njira yophika monga yokazinga siyiyenera kuyikitsidwa.
Yesani kugwiritsa ntchito mbale zomwe zimakulolani kuphika popanda kuwonjezera mafuta.

* - Mafuta a masamba ndi gawo lofunikira mu zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku, komabe, ndizokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito pazochepa kwambiri.

Kodi mkate ndi chiyani ndipo umayambitsidwa chifukwa chiyani?

Kuti muwerenge kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta, pali gawo lapadera - gawo la mkate (XE). Kuchita kwake kudakhala ndi dzina chifukwa kagawo ka buledi wabulawuni adayamba kuyambirako - kagawo ka "njerwa" kudula pakati pafupifupi 1 cm. Danga ili (kulemera kwake ndi 25 g) lili ndi magalamu 12 a digestible. Malinga ndi ichi, 1XE ndi 12 g wamafuta okhala ndi fiber fiber (fiber), yophatikizika. Ngati fiber siyiwerengedwa, ndiye kuti 1XE imakhala ndi 10 g yamafuta. Pali maiko ena, mwachitsanzo USA, pomwe 1XE ili 15 g yamafuta.

Muthanso kupeza dzina lina la mkate - chakudya chamagulu, wowuma.

Kufunika kwa kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira kunayamba chifukwa chakuyenera kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe imaperekedwa kwa wodwala, yomwe imadalira mwachindunji ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta. Izi zimakhudza kwambiri odwala matenda ashuga omwe amadalira insulin, i.e., mitundu ya 1 odwala matenda ashuga amatenga insulin tsiku lililonse musanadye 4-5 pa tsiku.

Zinakhazikitsidwa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mkate umodzi kumabweretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi 1.7-2.2 mmol / l. Kuti mubweretse kudumpha kumene muyenera mayunitsi 1 mpaka 4. insulin kutengera thupi. Pokhala ndi chidziwitso cha kuchuluka kwa XE m'mbale, wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe amafunika kubaya kuti chakudya chisayambitse zovuta. Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ofunikira, kuwonjezera, zimatengera nthawi ya tsiku. M'mawa, zimatha kutenga kawiri kuposa momwe zimakhalira madzulo.

Kwa odwala matenda a shuga mellitus, osati kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu m'zakudya zomwe amadya ndikofunikira, komanso nthawi yanthawi yomwe zinthu izi zimasokoneza glucose ndikulowa m'magazi. Gawo la kuchuluka kwa glucose mutatha kudya chinthu china chimatchedwa glycemic index (GI).

Zakudya zokhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic (maswiti) zimayambitsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa chakudya chamthupi kukhala glucose, m'mitsempha yamagazi amapanga kuchuluka kwakukulu ndikupanga kuchuluka kwambiri. Ngati zinthu zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic (masamba) zilowa m'thupi, magazi amakhala ndi shuga pang'onopang'ono, spikes pamlingo wake mukatha kudya ndi ofooka.

Kugawa kwa XE masana

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kupuma pakati pa chakudya sikuyenera kukhala lalitali, choncho 17-31XE (204- 336 g yamafuta) patsiku iyenera kugawidwa kasanu ndi kawiri. Kuphatikiza pa zakudya zazikulu, zokhazokha zimakhazikitsidwa. Komabe, ngati zakudya zapakati pazakudya ndizitali, ndipo hypoglycemia (kutsitsa glucose) sikupezeka, mutha kukana zokhwasula. Palibenso chifukwa choyenera kudya zakudya zowonjezera ngakhale munthu atavulaza ndi insulin.

Mu shuga mellitus, magawo a mkate amawerengedwa pachakudya chilichonse, ndipo ngati mbale zimaphatikizidwa, pachakudya chilichonse. Pazinthu zokhala ndi chakudya chamagulu ochepa am'mimba (zosakwana 5 g pa 100 g ya gawo lomwelo), XE singaganiziridwe.

Kuti chiwonetsero cha insulini sichidutsa malire otetezeka, osaposa 7XE ayenera kudya kamodzi. Mafuta ochulukirapo omwe amalowa m'thupi, kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuti muchepetse shuga. Chakudya cham'mawa chimalimbikitsidwa 3-5XE, pa chakudya cham'mawa chachiwiri - 2 XE, pa nkhomaliro - 6-7 XE, tiyi wamadzulo - 2 XE, chakudya chamadzulo - 3-4 XE, usiku - 1-2 XE. Monga mukuwonera, zakudya zambiri zokhala ndi zakudya zamafuta zimayenera kudyedwa m'mawa.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta kunayamba kukhala kokulirapo kuposa momwe anakonzera, kuti tipewe kulumpha m'magazi a glucose kwakanthawi mutatha kudya, timadzi tambiri tomwe timayambitsa timadzi timene timayambitsa. Komabe, muyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mlingo umodzi wa insulin yochepa suyenera kupitirira magawo 14. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi sikupitirira chizolowezi, pakati pa zakudya zomwe zimapangidwa pa 1XE zitha kudyedwa popanda insulin.

Akatswiri angapo amati kudya 2-2.5XE kokha patsiku (njira yotchedwa zakudya zamagulu ochepa). Pankhaniyi, poganiza kuti, mankhwala a insulin akhoza kusiyidwa kwathunthu.

Zambiri Zamtundu wa Mkate

Kuti mupange mndandanda wazakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga (zonse ziwiri komanso kuchuluka kwake), muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe amapezeka muzinthu zingapo.

Pazinthu zomwe zimapangidwa m'mafakitale, izi zimapezeka mosavuta. Wopangayo akuyenera kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu mu 100 g ya malonda, ndipo nambalayo iyenera kugawidwa ndi 12 (kuchuluka kwa chakudya m'magalamu mu XE imodzi) ndikuwerengedwa potengera unyinji wazomwe wapangidwazo.

Muzochitika zina zonse, matebulo a magawo a mkate amakhala othandizira. Ma tebulo awa amafotokoza kuchuluka kwa chinthu chomwe chimakhala ndi 12 g yamafuta, i.e. 1XE. Kuti zitheke, malonda agawidwa m'magulu kutengera zakomwe adachokera kapena mtundu (masamba, zipatso, mkaka, zakumwa, ndi zina).

Mabuku awa amakupatsani mwayi wowerengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta muzakudya, jambulani zakudya zoyenera, asinthe zakudya zina ndi ena, ndipo pamapeto pake, werengani kuchuluka kwa insulini. Pokhala ndi zidziwitso zamagulu a chakudya, odwala matenda ashuga amatha kugula pang'ono pazomwe zimaletsedwa.

Kuchuluka kwa zinthu nthawi zambiri kumawonetsedwa osati magalamu, komanso, mwachitsanzo, zidutswa, zopangira, magalasi, chifukwa chomwe palibe chifukwa cholemera. Koma ndi njira iyi, mutha kupanga cholakwika ndi mlingo wa insulin.

Kodi zakudya zosiyanasiyana zimachulukitsa bwanji shuga?

Malinga ndi zomwe zimapangidwa ndi ma carbohydrate ndipo, motero, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yamphamvu m'magazi, zinthu zimagawidwa m'magulu atatu:

• zomwe sizikukula glucose,
• shuga wambiri
• kuchuluka kwa glucose kwakukulu.

Maziko gulu loyamba Zogulitsidwazo ndi masamba (kabichi, radishi, tomato, nkhaka, tsabola wofiira ndi wobiriwira, zukini, biringanya, nyemba zazingwe, radish) ndi amadyera (sorelo, sipinachi, katsabola, parsley, letesi, ndi zina). Chifukwa chokhala ndi michere yambiri, XE siziwawerengera. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mphatso zachilengedwezi popanda zoletsa, komanso zosaphika, komanso zophika, ndi kuphika, nthawi yayikulu pakudya, komanso panthawi yazakudya. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kabichi, yomwe imayamwa shuga, kuichotsa m'thupi.

Ma nyemba (nyemba, nandolo, malengedwe, nyemba) mumtundu waiwisi amadziwika ndi chakudya chochepa kwambiri. 1XE pa 100 g yazogulitsa. Koma mukawawiritsa, ndiye kuti machulukitsidwe amakankhira amadzuka nthawi 2 ndipo 1XE ipezeka kale mu 50 g ya malonda.

Pofuna kuti musachulukitse kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta azakudya, mafuta (mafuta, mayonesi, kirimu wowawasa) akuyenera kuwonjezedwa kwa iwo ochepa.

Ma Walnuts ndi ma hazelnuts ndi ofanana ndi nyemba zosaphika. 1XE ya 90 g. Nandolo za 1XE zimafunikira 85. Ngati musakaniza masamba, mtedza ndi nyemba, mumapeza masaladi athanzi komanso opatsa thanzi.

Zogulitsa, kuwonjezera apo, zimadziwika ndi index yotsika ya glycemic, i.e. Njira yosinthira kwa chakudya chamagulugulu m'magulu a glucose imayamba pang'onopang'ono.

Bowa ndi nsomba zamafuta ndi nyama, monga ng'ombe, sayenera kulandira zakudya zapadera za anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Koma masoseji ali kale ndi chakudya chamagulu ochulukitsa, popeza wowuma ndi zina zowonjezera nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa mu fakitole. Kupanga masoseji, kuwonjezera, soya nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngakhale zili choncho, mu soseji ndi soseji yophika 1XE imapangidwa ndi kulemera kwa 160 g. Soseji zosuta mu menyu a odwala matenda ashuga sayenera kuphatikizidwa.

Kutalika kwa ma carbord ndi ma carbohydrate kumawonjezeka chifukwa chophatikiza mkate wopanda kanthu ku nyama yoboola, makamaka ngati imadzaza mkaka. Pokaza, gwiritsani ntchito mkate. Zotsatira zake, kuti mulandire 1XE, 70 g yazogulitsa ndizokwanira.

XE palibe mu supuni 1 ya mafuta mpendadzuwa ndi 1 dzira limodzi.

Zakudya zomwe zimachepetsa shuga

Mu gulu lachiwiri lazinthu zimaphatikizapo mbewu monga chimanga - tirigu, oat, barele, mapira. Kwa 1XE, 50 g ya phala lamtundu uliwonse limafunikira. Chofunika kwambiri ndikusinthasintha kwa chinthu. Ndi kuchuluka komweko kwa chakudya chamagulu, phala mumadzi amadzimadzi (mwachitsanzo, semolina) imalowa mwachangu mthupi kuposa phala lotayirira. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi poyambira kumawonjezeka mofulumira kuposa kwachiwiri.

Dziwani kuti chimanga chophika chimakhala ndi mafuta osachepera katatu kuposa chimanga chouma pomwe 1XE imangopanga 15 g ya malonda. Oatmeal pa 1XE amafunikira pang'ono - 20 g.

Chakudya chamafuta ambiri ndi mtundu wa wowuma (mbatata, chimanga, tirigu), ufa wosalala ndi ufa wa rye: 1XE - 15 g (supuni yokhala ndi phiri). Coarse ufa ndi 1XE more - 20. Kuchokera pamenepa ndizodziwikiratu chifukwa chake zinthu zambiri zamafuta zimapangidwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Mafuta ndi zinthu kuchokera pamenepo, kuwonjezera apo, zimadziwika ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic, ndiko kuti, ma carbohydrate amasinthidwa mwachangu kukhala glucose.

Zizindikiro zamawu zimasiyana ma boti, ma mkate, ma cookie owuma (osokoneza). Koma pali mkate wowonjezera mu 1XE pakuyesa kulemera: 20 g zoyera, imvi ndi mkate wa pita, 25 g yakuda ndi 30 g ya chinangwa. 30 g amayeza mkate, ngati mumaphika muffin, mwachangu zikondamoyo kapena zikondamoyo. Koma tikumbukire kuti kuwerengetsa kwamtundu wa buledi kuyenera kuchitikira mtanda, osati chifukwa chotsiriza.

Pasitala wophika (1XE - 50 g) ali ndi chakudya chamafuta ochulukirapo. Mu mzere wa pasitala, ndibwino kuti musankhe zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku ufa wochepa wa carbohydrate wholemeal.

Mkaka ndi zotumphukira zake ndizagulu lachiwiri la zinthu. Pa 1XE mutha kumwa magalasi 250 amkaka, kefir, yogati, mkaka wowotchera, kirimu kapena yogati iliyonse yamafuta. Ponena za tchizi cha kanyumba, ngati mafuta ake ali ochepera 5%, safunikira kukumbukiridwa konse. Mafuta okhala ndi zotsekemera zolimba ayenera kukhala osakwana 30%.

Zogulitsa za gulu lachiwiri la odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudyedwa ndi zoletsa zina - theka la gawo labwinobwino. Kuphatikiza pazomwe tafotokozazi, izi zimaphatikizaponso chimanga ndi mazira.

Zakudya zamatumbo ambiri

Mwa zinthu zomwe zimachulukitsa shuga (gulu lachitatu))kutsogolera maswiti. Masipuni awiri okha (10 g) a shuga - komanso 1XE kale. Zomwezo ndi kupanikizana ndi uchi. Pali chokoleti chochulukirapo ndi mafuta m'thupi pa 1XE - 20 g.Iyenera kuti musatengeke ndi chokoleti cha matenda ashuga, chifukwa 1XE imangofunika 30 g shuga wa zipatso (fructose), yemwe amamuwona ngati wodwala matenda ashuga, komanso siwopanda chifukwa, chifukwa 1XE imapanga 12 g. Chifukwa cha kuphatikiza chakudya chopatsa thanzi ndi shuga chidutswa cha keke kapena nthuza amapeza 3XE pomwe. Zakudya zambiri zokhala ndi shuga zimakhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic.

Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti maswiti amayenera kusiyidwa kwathunthu ndi zakudya. Otetezeka, mwachitsanzo, ndi msuzi wokoma wa curd (wopanda glaze ndi zoumba, zowona). Kuti mupeze 1XE, mumafunikira monga 100 g.

Ndizovomerezeka kudya ayisikilimu, 100 g yomwe ili ndi 2XE. Makonda ayenera kuperekedwa m'makalasi otsekemera, chifukwa mafuta omwe amapezeka pamenepo amateteza kuyamwa kwa mafuta kwambiri, ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumakwera mofulumira kwambiri. Chipatso cha ayisikilimu chipatso, chomwe chimakhala ndi timadziti, m'malo mwake, chimatengedwa mwachangu m'mimba, chifukwa cha momwe machulukitsidwe amwazi wa magazi amalimbira. Zakudya zoterezi ndizothandiza kwa hypoglycemia.

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, maswiti nthawi zambiri amapangidwa pamaziko a zotsekemera. Koma muyenera kukumbukira kuti shuga zina zimalimbikitsa kulemera.

Popeza anagula zakudya zotsekemera zokonzekera koyamba, amayenera kuyesedwa - idyani gawo laling'ono ndikuyesa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi.

Popewa zovuta zamtundu uliwonse, maswiti amakonzedwa bwino kunyumba, kusankha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe mungapeze.

Pewani kumwa kapena kuchepera momwe mungathere komanso batala ndi mafuta a masamba, mafuta anyama, wowawasa wowawasa, nyama yamafuta ndi nsomba, nyama yam'chitini ndi nsomba, mowa. Mukaphika, muyenera kupewa njira yokazinga ndipo ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mbale momwe mumatha kuphika popanda mafuta.

XE pazogulitsa

Pali malamulo ena ambiri omwe amakulolani kuwerengera XE.

1. Mukayanika mkate ndi zinthu zina, kuchuluka kwa XE sikusintha.
2. Kudya pasitala kuli bwino kuchokera ku ufa wa wholemeal.
3. Mukamaphika zikondamoyo, ziwonetsero za XE ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti zikhale zoyeserera, osati za chinthu chomalizidwa.
4. Mphesa zokhala ndi XE yofanana, koma ndi bwino kupatsa chidwi ndi iwo omwe ali ndi index yotsika ya glycemic, mavitamini ambiri ndi fiber, mwachitsanzo, buckwheat.
5. Palibe XE mu nyama ndi mkaka, monga kirimu wowawasa, tchizi chanyumba.
6. Ngati ndowa kapena mkate zinyenyeswazi ziwonjezedwa ku cutlets, ndiye kuti zitha kuwerengeka pa 1 XE.

Matenda a shuga ndi buledi (kanema):

Pansipa pali tebulo la chakudya chamagulu ambiri.

Tanthauzo

Magawo a mkate ndi muyeso wokwanira kuchuluka kwa chakudya mu chakudya. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, njira yatsopanoyi idagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri azakudya zaku Germany ndipo posakhalitsa idafalikira kudziko lonse lapansi. Lero lino ndikuchita kwachilengedwe osati kokha kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, komanso kwa iwo omwe amawunika zakudya zawo ndi kuchuluka kwake.

Amakhulupirira kuti mkate umodzi umakhala ndi magalamu 12 a chakudya. Kuti thupi lizitha kuyamwa gawo limodzi lokha, lifunika kugwiritsa ntchito insulin pafupifupi 1.5 (1.4).

Ambiri amakhala ndi funso: "Chifukwa chiyani magawo a mkate, osati mkaka, mwachitsanzo, kapena nyama?". Yankho lake ndi losavuta: akatswiri azakudya asankha zakudya zomwe ndizodziwika bwino komanso zogwirizana, mosaganizira dziko lomwe akukhalamo - mkate. Anadula mzidutswa 1 * 1 masentimita 1. Kulemera kwake imodzi inali magalamu 25, kapena mkate umodzi. Komanso, mankhwalawa, mosiyana ndi ena onse, amatchedwa chakudya.

Kuwerengera magawo a mkate

Lamulo lalikulu la zakudya kwa odwala matenda ashuga limawerengedwa ngati kuwongolera kwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe amadya komanso kugawa kwawo moyenera masana. Ichi ndi chofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa makamaka ma carbohydrate, makamaka kupukusa mosavuta, amachititsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kudziwa molondola magawo a shuga am'mgulu lachiwiri la shuga ndikofunikira monga koyambirira.

Pofuna kusungitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga pamlingo wofunikira, gulu ili la anthu limagwiritsa ntchito insulin ndi mankhwala ochepetsa shuga. Koma mlingo wawo uyenera kusankhidwa poganizira za mafuta omwe amadya, chifukwa popanda izi ndizovuta kuchepetsa mokwanira shuga. Ndi chikaiko, mutha kupweteketsa poyendetsa galimoto yanu modukitsa.

Kuti mupange menyu kuchokera pakuwerengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta omwe ali m'zinthu zina, muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mkate zomwe mulimo. Pazinthu zilizonse, mtengo wake ndi pawokha.

Pakadali pano, kuwerengetsa ma algorithms kumakhala kosavuta, ndipo limodzi ndi mfundo za tabular, pali zowerengera za intaneti za zakudya za matenda ashuga. Sizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso amaganizira zinthu zingapo zokhudzana (kulemera kwa wodwala ndi kutalika, jenda, zaka, ntchito, ndi kuopsa kwa ntchito zomwe zimachitika masana). Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa ngati munthu sasuntha kwambiri, ndiye kuti zosowa zake za tsiku ndi tsiku za chakudya siziyenera kupitirira khumi ndi zisanu, mosiyana ndi odwala omwe ali ndi ntchito yayikulu (mpaka 30 patsiku) kapena pafupifupi (mpaka 25).

Chofunikira: gawo limodzi la mkate limapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi 1.5-1.9 mmol / l. Chiwerengerochi chimathandiza kusankha molondola kuchuluka kwa insulini, potengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri.

Chifaniziro cha masentimita a mkate

Njira yosavuta yodziwira kuchuluka kwa mikate mu chakudya cha zomalizidwa fakitale. Phukusi lililonse limawonetsa kulemera konsekonse ndi zopatsa mphamvu zamafuta mu magalamu 100. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kumeneku kuyenera kugawidwa ndi 12 ndikusinthidwa kukhala gawo lonse mu phukusi.

Magulu a mkate wa matenda ashuga masana amayenera kugawidwa molingana ndi chikhalidwe chathu pakupanga insulin.Popeza zakudya zisanu zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa patsiku, pulogalamuyi imakhala ndi mawonekedwe otsatirawa poyerekeza kuchuluka kwa mkate mu chakudya chimodzi:

• m'mawa: 3-5,
• pa nkhomaliro: 2,
• pa nkhomaliro: 6-7,
• chakudya chamadzulo: 2,
• pa chakudya chamadzulo: mpaka 4,
• usiku: mpaka 2.

Pa chakudya chimodzi, mungatenge mikate isanu ndi iwiri. Oposa theka la tsiku lililonse la mankhwalawa amatengedwa bwino asanafike masana. Kenako, taganizirani momwe magawo a mikate amawerengera matenda ashuga. P tebulo la mkaka ndi mkaka waperekedwa pansipa.

Dongosolo la XE ndi chiyani?

Tonsefe timadziwa za kukhalapo kwa chakudya chamafuta othamanga komanso chothamanga. Ndipo tikudziwanso kuti kulumpha msanga m'magazi a shuga, komwe munthu wodwala matenda ashuga sayenera kuwalola. Koma kodi mungapange bwanji zibwenzi ndi chakudya chamagulu? Momwe mungagonjetsere zinthu zovutazi ndikupanga kuti zizipindulitsa thupi, m'malo mopweteka?

Ndikosavuta kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe amaperekedwa pomwe onse ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, katundu ndi zopatsa mphamvu. Kuti athane ndi ntchito yovutayi, akatswiri azakudya amabwera ndi gawo lapadera la mkate. Zimakupatsani mwayi kuwerengera zakudya zamafuta m'zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Dzinanso lingakhale losiyana, kutengera gwero lake. Mawu oti "m'malo mwake", "wowuma. unit "ndi" chakudya. gawo "amatanthauza chinthu chomwecho. Komanso, m'malo mwa mawu oti "mkate mkate", chidule cha XE chidzagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chifukwa cha dongosolo lomwe linayambitsidwa la XE, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, makamaka a insulin, komanso okhawo amene akuwona kulemera kapena kuchepa thupi, asavuta kulumikizana ndi chakudya, kuwerengera molondola kuchuluka kwa tsiku lawo. Njira ya XE ndiosavuta kuyiphunzira. Mutha kupanga mndandanda wanu watsiku ndi tsiku molondola.

Chifukwa chake, XE imodzi ndi magalamu khumi ndi awiri a chakudya cham'mimba. Chigawo chimatchedwa mkate, popeza kuti chidutswa chimodzi cha mkate chimakhala ngati mumadula chidutswa chonse cha buledi pafupifupi 1 cm ndikugawa m'magawo awiri. Gawolo likhala lofanana ndi CE. Amalemera 25 g.

Popeza machitidwe a CE ndi apadziko lonse lapansi, ndizosavuta kuyang'ana zamafuta amdziko lililonse padziko lapansi. Ngati penapake manambala osiyana a XE apezeka, pafupifupi 10-15, ndizovomerezeka. Kupatula apo, palibe amene anganene pano.

Ndi XE, simungathe kuyeza zinthuzo, koma onani gawo lama carbohydrate chabe ndi maso.

XE silikutanthauza mkate chabe. Mutha kuyeza miyezo njirayi ndi chilichonse - makapu, zopereka, magawo. Zomwe zingakhale zosavuta kwa inu kuti muchite izi.

Gome la XE la zinthu zamagulu osiyanasiyana

Kwa wodwala aliyense, endocrinologist amawonetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu am'magazi, poganizira zinthu zomwe zalembedwa gawo loyambayo. Mokulirapo odwala matenda ashuga amatha tsiku lonse, kuchuluka kwa tsiku lililonse kwa XE, koma osapitilira muyeso wa mtundu wina.

Matebulo a mikate ya mkate azikhala nthawi zonse. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa kulemera kwazopangidwazo ndi XE: ngati "apulo yapakatikati" ikuwonetsedwa, ndiye kuti chipatso chachikulucho chimakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa mkate. Zomwe zimachitika ndi mankhwala aliwonse: kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kapena kuchuluka kwa chakudya kumawonjezera XE.

Gome likuwonetsa zinthu zomwe zili ndi chakudya. Ambiri odwala matenda ashuga amadabwa kuti bwanji kulibe nsomba ndi nyama. Zakudya zamtunduwu sizimakhala ndi ma carbohydrate, koma ziyenera kuphatikizidwa m'zakudya zomwe zimadalira matenda a shuga omwe amachokera ku insulin monga gwero la mapuloteni, mavitamini, ma acid opindulitsa, michere ndi zinthu zina.

Kanema - malingaliro amomwe mungawerengere bwino magawo a mkate:

Momwe mungawerenge XE?

Mwina chinthu choyambirira kuganizira ndi maswiti, chifukwa ndiye chakudya chovuta kwambiri. Supuni imodzi ya shuga wonenepa imakhala ndi 1XE.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti muyenera kudya maswiti mukatha kudya. Chifukwa chake sipangakhale kulumpha kwadzidzidzi mu insulin. Mu mchere wotere womwe umakonda komanso wokondedwa ndi ambiri, monga ayisikilimu, wina amadzakhala ndi 1.5-2 XE (ngati ukuchita 65-100g).

Ngakhale ayisikilimu wowawasa ali ndi zopatsa mphamvu zambiri, ndibwino kuposa chipatso chifukwa ili ndi mafuta ochulukirapo, ndipo salola kuti chakudya chizikhala cholochedwa mwachangu. Shuga mu ayisikilimu wambiri. Kuti mudziwe angati XE mumasoseji kapena nthochi, ingogwiritsani ntchito tebulo lathu kapena kutsitsa kwaulere kuchokera pa ulalo uno. (Mawonekedwe a Mawu)