Makhalidwe oyerekeza a shuga ndi insipidus
Ziyenera kunenedwa nthawi yomweyo kuti matenda ashuga ndi matenda ashuga ndi matenda awiri osiyana omwe mawu oti "umagwirizanitsa"matenda ashuga".
Matenda a shuga, lotanthauziridwa kuchokera ku Chigriki, amatanthauza "kudutsa"Pazachipatala, matenda a shuga amatanthauza matenda angapo omwe amadziwika ndi kuphipha kwamkodzo mthupi. Ichi ndi chinthu chokhacho chomwe chimagwirizanitsa" matenda ashuga komanso matenda a shuga - m'matenda onsewa wodwala amakhala ndi polyuria (kukodzetsa kwamkodzo kwambiri).
Matenda a shuga ndi mitundu iwiri. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga, kapamba amaletsa kupanga insulin, komwe thupi limafunika kuyamwa. Odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu II matenda a shuga, kapamba, monga lamulo, akupitiliza kupanga insulin, koma kapangidwe kake ka mayamwidwe kake sikasokonekera. Chifukwa chake, mu shuga mellitus, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi a wodwalayo kumachitika, ngakhale pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Pamene mashuga am'magazi akayamba kuwononga thupi, amayesetsa kuti athetse kuchuluka kwazomwe zimachitika chifukwa chokwanira kukodza. Nawonso, kukodza pafupipafupi kumabweretsa madzi, motero, odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zonse amakhala ndi ludzu.
Mtundu I shuga kuchitira jekeseni wa insulin wa moyo wonse Mtundu Wachiwiri - monga lamulo, mankhwala. M'magawo onse awiri, zakudya zapadera zimawonetsedwa, zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuchiritsa matenda.
Matenda a shuga, mosiyana ndi shuga, ndimatenda osowa kwambiri, omwe amakhala ndi vuto dongosolo la hypothalamic-pituitary, chifukwa chomwe kupangika kwa ma antidiuretic mahoni kumachepa, kapena kuyima kwathunthu vasopressin, yomwe imakhudzidwa ndikugawa kwamadzi mu thupi la munthu. Vasopressin ndikofunikira kuti azisunganso homeostasis yokhazikika pakuwongolera kuchuluka kwamadzi omwe amachotsedwa m'thupi.
Popeza ndi matenda a shuga a insipidus kuchuluka kwa vasopressin opangidwa ndi timadzi tambiri ta endocrine sikokwanira, thupi limasokonezeka ndi madzimadzi a reabsorption (chosinthika), komwe kumayambitsa polyuria yokhala ndi kachulukidwe kochepa kwambiri ka mkodzo.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya insipidus ya shuga: zothandiza ndi organic.
Ntchito ya matenda ashuga insipidus ali m'gulu la idiopathic mawonekedwe, zomwe sizimamveka bwino, matenda amtundu wa chibadwa amaganiza.
Organic shuga insipidus limachitika chifukwa chovulala muubongo, akuchitidwa opaleshoni, makamaka pambuyo pochotsa adenoma ya pituitary. Nthawi zina, matenda a shuga amakhudzana ndi matenda a CNS: sarcoidosis, khansa, meningitis, syphilis, encephalitis, matenda a autoimmune, komanso ubongo wamitsempha yamagazi.
Mellitus wopanda matenda a shuga amakhudzidwa chimodzimodzi ndi amuna ndi akazi.
Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga
- kuchuluka kwa mkodzo tsiku ndi tsiku mpaka 5-6 l, limodzi ndi ludzu lochulukirapo,
- pang'onopang'ono polyuria imakwera mpaka malita 20 patsiku, odwala amamwa madzi ambiri, amakonda kuzizira kapena ndi ayezi,
- kupweteka mutu, kuchepa kwamisempha, khungu lowuma,
- wodwala ndi wochepa thupi
- Kutambasula ndikugwetsa m'mimba ndi chikhodzodzo
- kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachepa, tachycardia imayamba.
Zikachitika kuti matenda ashuga amayamba mwa akhanda ndi ana a chaka choyamba cha moyo, vuto lawo limatha kukhala lalikulu kwambiri.
Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga insipidus chili m'malo mwake ndimankhwala okhala ndi vasopressin, omwe amatchedwa shuga ya adiuretin kapena desmopressin. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kudzera m'mphuno) kawiri pa tsiku. Mwina kuperekedwa kwa mankhwala omwe akhala akuchita kwa nthawi yayitali - pitressin thanata, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi 1 m'masiku 3-5. Ndi nephrogenic shuga insipidus, thiazide diuretics ndi kukonzekera kwa lithiamu kumayikidwa.
Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga insipidus amawonetsedwa zakudya zamagulu ochulukirapo a chakudya ndi zakudya pafupipafupi.
Ngati matenda a shuga a insipidus amayamba ndi chotupa muubongo, akuwonetsa opaleshoni.
Postoperative matenda a shuga a insipidus nthawi zambiri amakhala osakhalitsa, pomwe matenda a shuga opatsirana amakhala osatha. Kukula kwa matenda a shuga insipidus, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa vuto la hypothalamic-pituitary, kutengera kuchuluka kwa kusowa kwa adenohypophysial.
Ndi chithandizo chanthawi yake cha matenda a shuga insipidus, udzu wa moyo ndi wabwino.
CHIYAMBI! Zomwe zikuwonetsedwa patsamba lino ndizongowerenga. Sikuti tili ndi chifukwa chodzidzimutsa tokha!
Kunenepa kwambiri kumathandiza kuti matenda a mtundu wachiwiri atukuke.
