Ndi zaka zingati zomwe zimakhala ndi matenda ashuga a 1

Ndi matenda a matenda ashuga amtundu 1, anthu ochulukirapo akukumana ndi masiku ano. Vutoli ndi kusagwira bwino kwa kapamba, kuperewera kwa insulin.

Ngati matendawa "adagogoda" pakhomo, odwala ali ndi chidwi ndi chiyembekezo chazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga

Nthawi zambiri, anthu odwala matenda amtundu woyamba amakhala ndi matenda ali aang'ono kapena aang'ono. Matendawa ndi osachiritsika, chifukwa chiwonongeko chonse cha maselo a kapamba. Insulin siyimasungidwa, kotero shuga samatengedwa ndi thupi molondola. Pali chikhalidwe chomwe kukonzekera insulin kokha kumathandizira kulimbana.

Moyo wa munthu yemwe ali ndi vuto loterewu umafikira kuwongolera shuga ndi jakisoni tsiku ndi tsiku. Kukhala ndi moyo wautali ndi matenda amenewa ndikotheka ngati mungakambirane ndi dokotala panthawi yake ndikukwaniritsa zofuna zake zonse.

Izi zikuphatikiza kusankha zakudya, ziyenera kukhala:

Carb wotsika, wolemera ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi.
Zachiyanjano. Osachepera zakudya zisanu patsiku, kupewa kudya kwambiri.
Fiber zowonjezera, mapuloteni, ndi mafuta (m'malo wama chakudya).

Ndikofunikira kukumbukira mtundu wa zakumwa. Madzi ndi ofunikanso kwambiri pamlingo wokwera wa shuga, chifukwa amachotsa poizoni ndi zowononga, komanso kutsitsa shuga.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kuchita zinthu zina zolimbitsa thupi kumathandizira kagayidwe kazinthu, kumachepetsa shuga m'magazi. Izi zikuyenera kukhala zosatha, kawiri kapena katatu pa sabata kuti muzipatula nthawi. Odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukumbukira za kupumula: kugona osachepera maola 8 patsiku, popewa kugona tulo masana.

Kafukufuku waposachedwa awonetsa kuti nthawi yopumula nthawi ya nkhomaliro, njira za metabolic zimasokonekera. Chifukwa cha izi, maselo amakhala osagonjetseka ndi insulin, ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakwera.

Chofunikira kwa odwala matenda ashuga kukhala kulembetsa ku chipatala. Dokotala ayamba kuwunika wodwala ndi matendawo, ndikuwapatsa mankhwala ofunikira. Kamodzi pachaka, wodwalayo amayeza, ndikofunikira kuzindikira zovuta m'magawo oyambira ndikuletsa.

Mtundu woyamba wa nthawi ya matenda ashuga

Palibe amene anganene manambala ndendende ndi kunena kuti ndi anthu angati omwe amakhala ndi matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba. Chilichonse ndichachuma payekha, popeza momwe thupi limagwirira ndimatenda enaake ndizofanana kwa aliyense. Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti pakadali pano nthawi iyi yachulukirachulukira, chifukwa cha mankhwala atsopano komanso zatsopano zamankhwala.

Ngati munthu amasamalira thanzi lake moyo wake wonse, ndiye kuti atha kukhala zaka 60-70. Kuchenjera kwa matenda amtundu wa 1 ndikuti kumakhudza anthu kuyambira pakubadwa kapena kuubwana. Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro ndi zovuta zimawonekera kale kuposa kwa odwala amtundu 2.

Kutalika kwamoyo wokhala ndi matenda amtundu woyamba amachepetsedwa chifukwa cha:

Matenda a mtima. Izi ndichifukwa choti shuga imakhudza mitsempha yamagazi.
Pathology ya mtima dongosolo ndi magazi. Izi zimapangitsa kuwoneka ngati zilonda zam'miyendo zosachiritsa, zomwe sizichiritsidwa. Chofunikira kwambiri cha matendawa ndicho kudzadula miyendo.
Matenda a impso. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga, impso zimavutika.
Zilonda zamanjenje.
Kukula kwa atherosulinosis. Mkhalidwewo ndiwowopsa chifukwa cha kuwoneka ngati gangonda kapena sitiroko.

Kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe amakhala ndi matenda ashuga amtundu 1 zimatengera zaka zomwe amadziwika ndi matendawa. Ngati iyi ndi nthawi kuyambira zaka 0 mpaka 8, ndiye kuti moyo wa munthu ndi zaka 30 (pafupifupi).

Matendawa atayamba, zinthu zimamuyendera bwino wodwala komanso amakhala ndi chiyembekezo chamtsogolo.

The m'tsogolo kwa mwana mtundu 1 shuga

Matendawa ali mwana nthawi zambiri amapezeka chaka chimodzi mpaka zaka 11. Kukula kwa moyo waubadwa ku mtundu wa 1 wodwala kumadalira chithandizo chamankhwala ndi momwe thupi la mwana limayambira. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka ali a sukulu, omwe ndi oopsa kwambiri chifukwa chopita patsogolo msanga.

Limodzi mwamavuto limawerengedwa ngati simunayesedwepo, popeza makolo sadziwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.

Kuphatikiza pa majini, izi zikuphatikiza:

matenda a autoimmune
kutalika kwakanthawi kofooka,
matenda ena a mavairasi (cytomegalovirus, kachilombo ka Epstein-Barra),
kubadwa kwa mwana wolemera,
kupsinjika kwamisala.

Zizindikiro zomwe zingatanthauze shuga ya mwana ndi:

thukuta kwambiri
kugwedezeka kwamalire am'mwamba kapena otsika,
misozi yakuthwa, mkwiyo,
Khalidwe losakhazikika, kugona kosokoneza.

Mfundo zonsezi sizingazindikike konse ndipo zimatha kudziwika ndi zochitika zosakhalitsa, koma ndi nthawi imeneyi pamene chitukuko cha matendawa chimayamba. Chakumapeto, zizindikiro zambiri zotchulidwa, monga: kumva ludzu, njala, kulakalaka maswiti, kuyabwa kwa khungu. Mwanayo amayamba kuthamangira kuchimbudzi, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzi akumwa.

Ngati makolo amatha kufunsa chithandizo panthawi yake, pamakhala mpata wochepetsera zovuta momwe angathere. Ana angati omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba amakhala ndi makolo awo. Ngati pazifukwa zina matendawa sanazindikiridwe, chiopsezo cha matenda a hypoglycemic chikuwonjezeka.

Mdziko lino, kupsinjika kumatsikira pazofunikira kwambiri, kukokana miyendo, kusanza kumayamba. Pali kumverera kwa ludzu kwambiri, ndipo khungu limakhala louma. Kuthandizidwa kuchipatala mwachangu komanso kuyang'anira odwala ndikofunikira.

Moyo wa mwana wodwala matenda ashuga ndikuwonetsetsa, kudya, kudya nthawi zonse ndikukonzekera insulin. Ana otere nthawi zambiri amakula modabwitsa.

Ngati chithandizo choyenera sichichitika, pamakhala chiwopsezo cha zovuta, monga:

Angina pectoris. Chifukwa cha zovuta ndimitsempha yamagazi, ana amayamba kudandaula za kupweteka mumtima.
Neuropathy. Mwana yemwe akuvutika ndi shuga wambiri amatha kumva kuwawa m'miyendo, kuchepa mphamvu.
Nephropathy Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatengeka ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso, zomwe ndizowopsa chifukwa chakufooka kwa ziwalo komanso kufunika kwa dialysis.
Retinopathy. Kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zamawonedwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zovuta ndimatumbo amaso.

Ndikutukuka kwa zovuta izi zomwe zimatsimikizira moyo wa wodwalayo.

Imfa yodziwika ndi matendawa siyimabwera chifukwa cha matendawa, koma ndi zotsatira zake.

Momwe mungakulitsire chiyembekezo cha moyo

Ngati simukuchita nawo mankhwalawa ndipo simusintha kadyedwe kanu, matendawa amayambitsa kufa kwa zaka 10. Ndi odwala angati omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba amakhala, zimadalira iwo eni ndi kusintha kwawo pazotsatira zabwino.

Pali mfundo zazikuluzikulu zomwe mungakhale ndi moyo wautali:

Kuwongolera kotsimikizika pamisempha ya insulin m'magazi.
Jekeseni mwadongosolo.
Moyo wakhama, masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso masewera. Izi zidzathandiza thupi kuteteza matenda a shuga komanso kufulumizitsa kagayidwe.
Pewani zochitika zovuta komanso mopitirira muyeso.
Samalani kwambiri ndi regimen yonse.
Onetsetsani kulemera kwanu, chifukwa ili ndi katundu wowonjezera pama system onse amthupi.
Kuwona ndi endocrinologist. Ndikofunika kuyesa mayeso ena kuti musaphonye kuyambika kwa zovuta zina.
Zakudya zoyenera. Ndikofunikira kupatula chakudya chonse chopanda pake, m'malo mwa lokoma ndi zipatso ndi zipatso. Khalani ndi chizolowezi chodyera, kuwira komanso kusinthanitsa chakudya,
Imwani mpaka 2 malita a madzimadzi patsiku.
Dziwitsani dokotala wanu za kusintha kulikonse paumoyo wanu.

Kuchuluka kwa momwe mungakhalire ndi matenda ashuga sichinthu chachikulu.Ndizofunika kwambiri momwe moyo udzakhalire, ndi momwe umakhalira. Kunyalanyaza upangiri wa dokotala kumawonekera ndikusintha msanga kwa zotsatira zoyipa. Ndi odwala omwe ali ndi insulin yokwanira kulipira omwe amakhala moyo wabwino ndipo samakonda kuoneka ovuta kwambiri.

Kutalika kwamoyo wodwala wokhala ndi matenda ashuga 1

Anthu ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi funso: ngati mtundu 1 wa matenda a shuga wapezeka, kodi chiyembekezo cha moyo chatsika? Kodi mungakhale bwanji ndikuzindikira matenda ashuga?

Matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba amatchedwa kudalira insulin, ndiye kuti, munthu amakhala ndi insulin mosiyanasiyana. Insulin ndi timadzi timene timagwira ntchito yochepetsa magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, imakhudzidwa ndi kagayidwe kachilengedwe ka thupi la munthu, ndipo kusowa kwake kumayambitsa kulephera kwa njira zonse za metabolic.

Matenda a shuga a 1st amatchedwanso ana, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amakulira mwa achinyamata pakusintha kwa mahomoni m'thupi. Amawerengedwa kuti ndi matenda ofala kwambiri pakati pa endocrine pathologies.

Ndi matenda a shuga, palibe insulin m'thupi. Zizindikiro zimatchulidwa, ndipo matendawa amakula mwachangu.

Maselo a pancreatic amayamba kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa amasiya kugwira ntchito - kupanga insulin. Maselo oterowo amatchedwa maselo a beta. Ziwalo zambiri mwa anthu zimadalira insulin, ndipo ngati sizipangidwa, kusokonekera kumachitika m'thupi, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumawonekera m'magazi.

Minofu ya adipose yaumunthu sigwira ntchito moyenera. Chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga (komanso kuwonda). Mu minofu yam'mimba mumatha kuwonongeka kwamapuloteni omwe amatulutsa amino acid ambiri, omwe amathandizanso kuti wodwalayo asadwale.

Kuti muthane bwino ndi kukonza kwa mafutawa, ma amino acid ndi zinthu zina, chiwindi chimayamba kugwira ntchito kwambiri, ndikuchikonza mu zinthu za ketone. Amayamba kudyetsa ziwalo m'malo mwa insulin, makamaka ubongo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

Ngati matenda a shuga akuwonekera ali ana, ndiye kuti ukuluwu ndiwotheka kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti panali abale kapena abale awo amene akudwala. Izi zachitika chifukwa chakuwona kuti matenda ashuga amtundu wa 1 ndikosatheka kuchiritsa.

Zinthu zomwe zimatsimikizira kupezeka kwa matenda abwinobwino:

Zakudya zambiri zamafuta ndi chakudya chamafuta.
Kupsinjika kwa zonse zakuthupi ndi zathupi.

Njira zodziwira matendawa

Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga, muyenera kudutsa mitundu yonse ya kafukufuku wazachipatala. Njira zothandiza kwambiri ndikuphatikiza kuyesa magazi ndi kuwunika.

Poyamba, matendawa amatha kupezeka ndi zizindikiro, monga:

Kukodza pafupipafupi.
Kukhalapo kwa ludzu losalekeza.
Pamene chilakolako chikukwera, koma kulemera kwa thupi kumachepetsa kapena, mosiyana, kumawonjezeka kwambiri.
Zofooka zonse.
Mutu.
Munthu amatha kutopa msanga.
Kugona koipa usiku.
Kuchulukitsa thukuta.
Kupezeka kwa kuyabwa pakhungu.
Kusanza ndi kusanza kumatha kuchitika nthawi ndi nthawi.
Ma virus ndi matenda.

Ngati munthu ali ndi zizindikiro zonsezi, ndiye kuti kafukufuku wowonjezereka amachitika.

Laborator kuzindikiritsa insulin, shuga ndi mahomoni ena.
Malinga ndi zisonyezo zake, matenda a shuga amatha kufanananso ndi matenda ena, chifukwa chake, ndikofunikanso kuwunika ngati matendawa alipo.
Mayeso amtundu wa shuga.
Maphunziro a Laborator kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa chakudya.
Kuyesa kwina kwa magazi.

Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo amatha kuyezetsa magazi awo pawokha, popanda malangizo apadera a dokotala.Gululi limaphatikizapo anthu atatha zaka 40, kusayenda pang'ono, kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa komanso kusuta fodya, komanso achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto lotengera kubadwa kwa makolo.

Maphunziro a odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amachitika chaka chilichonse. Chifukwa chake, mayendedwe amoyo a mtundu woyamba wa shuga angatchulidwe.

Ngati titatembenukira ku magwero ovomerezeka, timakhulupirira kuti kufa msanga m'magulu a anthu odwala matenda ashuga a 1st amalembedwa kawiri kawiri kawiri kuposa anthu athanzi. Mu shuga mellitus madigiri 2, izi zikuwonetsa kuti theka.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, anthu odwala matenda a shuga a grade 1 azaka zapakati pa 14 ndi 35 samakhala ndi zaka 50 zakubadwa. Koma ngati mutazindikira matendawa munthawi yake ndikutsatira zonse zomwe dokotalayo walamula, ndiye kuti kuwonjezera moyo ndizowona. Apanso, tikayamba kuwerengera, titha kuwona mfundo zotsatirazi:

Ngati tingayerekeze ndi 1965, kuchuluka kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga a 1 degree kutsika kuchokera 35% ndikukwera mpaka 11%.
Ngati tizingolankhula za matenda a shuga a 2, ndiye kuti kufa kumeneku kunachepa kwambiri.

Izi ndichifukwa choti chaka chilichonse mankhwala atsopano olimbana ndi matenda a shuga amawoneka, njira zina zochiritsira zimapangidwa, ndipo insulin imapangidwa. Zipangizo zodziwonera kuchuluka kwa shuga zomwe munthu aliyense angathe kupeza zachepetsa kwambiri kukula kwa matenda.

Pofotokoza za matenda amtundu woyamba wa shuga, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ngati matendawa afikiratu achinyamata, makamaka achinyamata ndi ana, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo cha kufa msanga.

Izi zimachitikanso chifukwa chakuti mwana sangathe kuwongolera zakudya zomwe amadya, ndipo makolo sangakhale pafupi nthawi zonse.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuwerengera magazi samayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, mphindi yovuta ndiyosaphonya.

Palibe dokotala amene angayankhe funsoli molondola: Kodi munthu amene ali ndi matenda ngati amenewa amakhala ndi moyo wotani? Ndizosatheka kuneneratu zomwe zingayambitse zotsatira zoyipa. Koma mutha kukulitsa moyo wanu, ingogwiritsitsani malingaliro otsatirawa:

Tsatirani chithandizo choyenera. Izi zimaphatikizapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi phytotherapy, ndi njira zina zochiritsira. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo onse a endocrinologist, apo ayi munthu azitha kupitilira zaka 45. Izi ndichifukwa choti, ngati chithandizo cholondola sichikuchitika, kulephera kwa impso kumatha kukula, komwe nthawi zina kumagwirizana ndi moyo.
Kuyang'anira shuga nthawi zonse. Ngati mumayang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi mkodzo, mutha kupewa mfundo zambiri zovuta. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti patatha zaka 23 njira zomwe zimayenderana ndi matenda a shuga mthupi sizisintha. Pakadali pano, pakhoza kukhala chiopsezo cha stroke ndi gangore. Chifukwa chake, kuyang'anira magazi ndi mkodzo pafupipafupi ndikofunikira.
Kugwirizana ndi boma. Tsogolo la odwala matenda ashuga ndi kukhala mokhazikika malinga ndi dongosolo. Zoletsa pafupipafupi zimawonekera m'moyo wa munthu wodwala: mu chakudya, kulimbitsa thupi, mumaganizo.
Musachite mantha. Uyu ndiye mdani wowopsa wa munthu wodwala.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga 1

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amatanthauza matenda osachiritsika omwe amalephera kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala: chithandizo chimakhazikika pakukhazikitsa thupi, kupewa zovuta ndi matenda ena.

Zolinga zazikulu pochiza matenda a shuga 1

Matenda a minyewa ya glucose komanso kuwonongedwa kwa matenda kuwonekera.
Kupewa mavuto.
Thandizo pamaganizidwe kwa wodwala, omwe cholinga chake ndi kutengera moyo watsopano wa wodwalayo.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga chimakhala ndi cholinga - kuchepetsa shuga. Kenako chikhalidwe cha anthu odwala matenda ashuga sichingasiyane kwambiri ndi chizolowezi. Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi matenda amenewa kwa zaka zambiri.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga m'matenda a ana |

Anthu ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi funso: ngati mtundu 1 wa matenda a shuga wapezeka, kodi chiyembekezo cha moyo chatsika? Kodi mungakhale bwanji ndikuzindikira matenda ashuga?

Ndi matenda a shuga, palibe insulin m'thupi. Zizindikiro zimatchulidwa, ndipo matendawa amakula mwachangu.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

Zinthu zomwe zimatsimikizira kupezeka kwa matenda abwinobwino:

Zakudya zambiri zamafuta ndi chakudya chamafuta.
Kupsinjika kwa zonse zakuthupi ndi zathupi.

Njira zodziwira matendawa

Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga, muyenera kudutsa mitundu yonse ya kafukufuku wazachipatala. Njira zothandiza kwambiri ndikuphatikiza kuyesa magazi ndi kuwunika.

Poyamba, matendawa amatha kupezeka ndi zizindikiro, monga:

Kukodza pafupipafupi.
Kukhalapo kwa ludzu losalekeza.
Pamene chilakolako chikukwera, koma kulemera kwa thupi kumachepetsa kapena, mosiyana, kumawonjezeka kwambiri.
Zofooka zonse.
Mutu.
Munthu amatha kutopa msanga.
Kugona koipa usiku.
Kuchulukitsa thukuta.
Kupezeka kwa kuyabwa pakhungu.
Kusanza ndi kusanza kumatha kuchitika nthawi ndi nthawi.
Ma virus ndi matenda.

Ngati munthu ali ndi zizindikiro zonsezi, ndiye kuti kafukufuku wowonjezereka amachitika.

Laborator kuzindikiritsa insulin, shuga ndi mahomoni ena.
Malinga ndi zisonyezo zake, matenda a shuga amatha kufanananso ndi matenda ena, chifukwa chake, ndikofunikanso kuwunika ngati matendawa alipo.
Mayeso amtundu wa shuga.
Maphunziro a Laborator kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa chakudya.
Kuyesa kwina kwa magazi.
Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo amatha kuyezetsa magazi awo pawokha, popanda malangizo apadera a dokotala. Gululi limaphatikizapo anthu atatha zaka 40, kusayenda pang'ono, kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa komanso kusuta fodya, komanso achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto lotengera kubadwa kwa makolo.
Maphunziro a odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amachitika chaka chilichonse. Chifukwa chake, mayendedwe amoyo a mtundu woyamba wa shuga angatchulidwe.
Ngati titatembenukira ku magwero ovomerezeka, timakhulupirira kuti kufa msanga m'magulu a anthu odwala matenda ashuga a 1st amalembedwa kawiri kawiri kawiri kuposa anthu athanzi. Mu shuga mellitus madigiri 2, izi zikuwonetsa kuti theka.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero, anthu odwala matenda a shuga a grade 1 azaka zapakati pa 14 ndi 35 samakhala ndi zaka 50 zakubadwa. Koma ngati mutazindikira matendawa munthawi yake ndikutsatira zonse zomwe dokotalayo walamula, ndiye kuti kuwonjezera moyo ndizowona. Apanso, tikayamba kuwerengera, titha kuwona mfundo zotsatirazi:
Ngati tingayerekeze ndi 1965, kuchuluka kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga a 1 degree kutsika kuchokera 35% ndikukwera mpaka 11%.
Ngati tizingolankhula za matenda a shuga a 2, ndiye kuti kufa kumeneku kunachepa kwambiri.
Izi ndichifukwa choti chaka chilichonse mankhwala atsopano olimbana ndi matenda a shuga amawoneka, njira zina zochiritsira zimapangidwa, ndipo insulin imapangidwa. Zipangizo zodziwonera kuchuluka kwa shuga zomwe munthu aliyense angathe kupeza zachepetsa kwambiri kukula kwa matenda.
Pofotokoza za matenda amtundu woyamba wa shuga, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ngati matendawa afikiratu achinyamata, makamaka achinyamata ndi ana, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo cha kufa msanga.
Izi zimachitikanso chifukwa chakuti mwana sangathe kuwongolera zakudya zomwe amadya, ndipo makolo sangakhale pafupi nthawi zonse.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuwerengera magazi samayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, mphindi yovuta ndiyosaphonya.
Palibe dokotala amene angayankhe funsoli molondola: Kodi munthu amene ali ndi matenda ngati amenewa amakhala ndi moyo wotani? Ndizosatheka kuneneratu zomwe zingayambitse zotsatira zoyipa. Koma mutha kukulitsa moyo wanu, ingogwiritsitsani malingaliro otsatirawa:
Tsatirani chithandizo choyenera. Izi zimaphatikizapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi phytotherapy, ndi njira zina zochiritsira. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo onse a endocrinologist, apo ayi munthu azitha kupitilira zaka 45. Izi ndichifukwa choti, ngati chithandizo cholondola sichikuchitika, kulephera kwa impso kumatha kukula, komwe nthawi zina kumagwirizana ndi moyo.
Kuyang'anira shuga nthawi zonse. Ngati mumayang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi mkodzo, mutha kupewa mfundo zambiri zovuta. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti patatha zaka 23 njira zomwe zimayenderana ndi matenda a shuga mthupi sizisintha. Pakadali pano, pakhoza kukhala chiopsezo cha stroke ndi gangore. Chifukwa chake, kuyang'anira magazi ndi mkodzo pafupipafupi ndikofunikira.
Kugwirizana ndi boma. Tsogolo la odwala matenda ashuga ndi kukhala mokhazikika malinga ndi dongosolo. Zoletsa pafupipafupi zimawonekera m'moyo wa munthu wodwala: mu chakudya, kulimbitsa thupi, mumaganizo.
Musachite mantha. Uyu ndiye mdani wowopsa wa munthu wodwala.
Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga 1
Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amatanthauza matenda osachiritsika omwe amalephera kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala: chithandizo chimakhazikika pakukhazikitsa thupi, kupewa zovuta ndi matenda ena.
Zolinga zazikulu pochiza matenda a shuga 1
Matenda a minyewa ya glucose komanso kuwonongedwa kwa matenda kuwonekera.
Kupewa mavuto.
Thandizo pamaganizidwe kwa wodwala, omwe cholinga chake ndi kutengera moyo watsopano wa wodwalayo.
Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga chimakhala ndi cholinga - kuchepetsa shuga. Kenako chikhalidwe cha anthu odwala matenda ashuga sichingasiyane kwambiri ndi chizolowezi. Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi matenda amenewa kwa zaka zambiri.
Mtundu woyamba wa shuga m'matenda a ana |
Mtundu woyamba wa shuga
Kutalika kwa moyo wa anthu odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba akula kwambiri posachedwa ndikuyambitsa insulin yamakono komanso kudziletsa. Chiyembekezo cha moyo wa iwo omwe adadwala pambuyo pa 1965 ndi zaka 15 kuposa omwe adadwala kuyambira 1950-1965.
Chiwerengero cha anthu 30 omwe amamwalira ndi odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba omwe adadwala kuyambira 1965 mpaka 1980 ndi 11%;
Choyambitsa chachikulu cha kufa kwa ana a zaka 0 mpaka 4 ndi vuto la ketoacidotic kumayambiriro kwa matendawa. Achinyamata nawonso ali pachiwopsezo. Zomwe zimayambitsa imfa zimatha kukhala kunyalanyaza chithandizo, ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia. Akuluakulu, mowa ndiwofala chifukwa cha kufa, komanso kupezeka kwa zovuta za matenda ashuga.
Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti kusamala kwambiri ndi shuga m'magazi kumapewetsa ndikuchepetsa mayendedwe, komanso kukonza njira yovuta ya mtundu woyamba wa shuga womwe wabuka kale.
American Bob Krause wakhala akudwala matenda ashuga amtundu 1 kwa zaka 85, adapezeka ali ndi zaka 5. Posachedwa anakondwerera tsiku lake lobadwa la 90.
Amapima shuga wamagazi pafupipafupi tsiku lililonse, amakhalanso ndi moyo wathanzi, amadya bwino komanso amakhala ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi. Anapezeka mu 1926, patapita nthawi yochepa, momwe insulin idapangidwira.
Mchimwene wake wamng'ono, yemwe adadwala chaka chimodzi m'mbuyomo, adamwalira chifukwa insulin idalibe chifukwa choti agwiritse ntchito.
Type 2 shuga
Kukula kwa moyo mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2 kumayenderana kwambiri ndi mtundu wa matenda, komanso kutengera jenda, zaka komanso kupezeka kwa zovuta. Mutha kuwerengera zaka zomwe mungakhale ndi moyo pogwiritsa ntchito gome.
Ngati mumasuta, gwiritsani ntchito theka la tebulo (losuta), ngati simukusuta, gwiritsani ntchito kumanzere (osasuta). Amuna ndi akazi, motero, pamwambapa ndi m'munsi mwa tebulo. Kenako sankhani mzere molingana ndi msinkhu wanu komanso glycated hemoglobin.
Zimakhalabe kuyerekezera kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol yanu. Pakadutsa mudzaona chithunzi - ichi ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo.
Mwachitsanzo, chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo wazaka 55 wosuta wokhala ndi zaka 5 za shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa 180 mm. Hg. Art., Cholesterol level 8, ndi HbA 1 c 10% adzakhala ndi zaka 13, mwa amuna omwewo ndi osuta, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi 120 mm. Hg. St., cholesterol4, ndi glycated hemoglobin 6% adzakhala zaka 22.
Kuti mukulitse tebulo, dinani kumanzere.
Pogwiritsa ntchito tebulo, mutha kuwerengera zaka zokhala ndi moyo, komanso kudziwa momwe kusintha kwa moyo ndi chithandizo cha matenda ophatikizira zimakhudzira matendawo. Mwachitsanzo, tengani wamwamuna wazaka 65 wazovuta wosuta wamagazi ndi 180, HBA 1 ndi 8%, ndi cholesterol 7 yonse.
Kutsika kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kuchokera ku 8 mpaka 6% kudzapangitsa kuchuluka kwa chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo pachaka chimodzi, kuchepa kwa cholesterol kuchokera pa 7 mpaka 4, kuchuluka kwa chiyembekezo cha moyo wazaka 1.5, kutsika kwa systolic magazi kuchokera ku 180 mpaka 120 kudzawonjezera zaka za moyo, ndikuti kusuta kudzawonjezera zaka 1 .
Nthawi zambiri, matenda a shuga a 2 amakula pang'onopang'ono kuposa matenda ashuga 1. Zotsatira zake, kuzindikira kwake mochedwa ndikotheka, atatha zovuta. Popeza matenda amtundu wa 2 amachitika munthu akamakalamba, chifukwa chake, zotsatira zake pakukonzekera moyo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa.
Ndi odwala matenda ashuga angati
Mwinanso anthu ochepa adadandaula kuti ndi anthu angati padziko lapansi omwe ali ndi matenda ofala kwambiri a endocrine. Koma chiwerengero chawo chikuwonjezeka chaka chilichonse.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero, padziko lapansi pali anthu opitilira 200 miliyoni. Ambiri a iwo amadwala matenda amtundu 2, ndipo ena ndi omwe amapezeka ndi mtundu woyamba.
Chotsatira, tikambirana za momwe matendawa ali oopsa komanso nthawi yayitali bwanji ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.
Akafunsidwa za nthawi yomwe apatsidwa, madokotala amayankha kuti zonse zimangodalira wodwalayo payekha. Odwala okha ndi omwe amasankha momwe angakhalire ndi kuchuluka.
Kuthekera kwa kufa msanga mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa shuga ndi 2.6 kuchulukirapo, ndipo kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu II - nthawi zopitilira 1.6 kuposa munthu wathanzi. Achinyamata omwe adapezeka kuti akudwala matenda azaka zapakati pa 14 ndi 14 ali pachiwopsezo cha kufa nthawi zambiri 4-9.
Gulu lamavuto
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga 1 kwawonjezeka kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa. Kuyerekeza: chaka cha 1965 chisanachitike, anthu omwe afa mgululi anali oposa 35% ya milandu yonse, ndipo kuyambira 1965 mpaka 80s ,imfa idatsikira mpaka 11%. Kutalika kwa odwala kudakulanso kwambiri, mosasamala mtundu wamatenda.
Chiwerengerochi chinali pafupifupi zaka 15 kuyambira pomwe matendawa adayamba. Ndiye kuti, m'zaka zaposachedwa, chiyembekezo cha moyo wa anthu chawonjezeka. Izi zidachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kupangika kwa insulin komanso kuyambika kwa zida zamakono zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wodziimira pawokha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Mpaka 1965, chiwopsezo chachikulu cha kufa pakati pa odwala matenda a shuga chinali chifukwa chakuti insulin sinapezekepo ngati mankhwala osungitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Gulu lalikulu la anthu odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba ndi ana ndi achinyamata. Imfa ndizambiri pofika pano. Kupatula apo, nthawi zambiri ana safuna kutsatira boma ndipo nthawi zonse amayang'anira shuga.
Kuphatikiza apo, vutoli likukulirakulira chifukwa chakuti zovuta zikumakula mwachangu chifukwa cha kusayang'anira komanso kulandira chithandizo choyenera. Mwa achikulire ,imfa imachepa pang'ono ndipo imayamba chifukwa cha kumwa mowa, komanso kusuta. Pankhani imeneyi, titha kunena mosamala - kuchuluka kwa moyo, aliyense amasankha yekha.
Matendawa amatha kuoneka popanda chifukwa. Chifukwa chake, palibe amene ali ndi mwayi wosewera mosamala. Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe amadziwika chifukwa choperewera kwa insulin, yomwe imayambitsa shuga m'magazi.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa
Matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba ndi mtundu wa matenda. Amayamba kukula, makamaka ali aang'ono, mosiyana ndi wachiwiri.
Mwa anthu, kuwonongeka kwa maselo a beta mu kapamba, omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale insulin, akuwonekera. Kuwonongeka kwathunthu kwa maselo kumabweretsa kufooka kwa zomwe zili m'magazi.
Izi zimaphatikizapo mavuto ndi kusintha kwa glucose kukhala mphamvu. Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda amtundu 1 ndi:
mawonekedwe a polyuria (kukodza mwachangu), kuchepa mphamvu kwa thupi, kuchepa thupi, kutayika kwa mawonekedwe, kutopa, njala, ludzu.

Zachidziwikire, ndikuwonetsedwa kwa izi, palibe chifukwa chobweretsera izi, koma ndizotheka kuyendetsa momwe zinthu ziliri.
Matendawa amaphatikizanso kuyang'anira shuga wamagazi, kuchuluka kwa chakudya komanso insulin. Kuphatikiza apo, mtundu wamba wa moyo ufunika kutsatira malamulo ena.
Mwachitsanzo, tsatirani kwambiri zakudya, muzichita zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi ndikuchita insulin panthawi yake.
Chiyembekezo chamoyo
Ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi funso loti odwala angati omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 amatha kukhala ndi moyo. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti matendawa amawonekera makamaka mwa ana, achinyamata komanso achinyamata. Ndi chifukwa cha ichi kuti payekha amatchedwa "ubwana."
Kuyembekeza moyo kumakhala kovuta kulosera, popeza momwe matendawa alibe matendawa. Mukamayesa kuwerengera ndibwino kuganizira zinthu zambiri. Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti zambiri zimatengera zaka za munthu.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pafupifupi theka la odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba 1 amatha kufa atadwala zaka 40. Kuphatikiza apo, amayamba kulephera.

Kuphatikiza apo, patatha zaka 23 kuchokera ku matenda Kenako, izi zimabweretsa kukula kwa sitiroko ndi gangore. Palinso matenda ena omwe angayambitse kufa msanga.
Kwa odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu 2, zovuta zotere sizinthu zodziwika bwino ndipo samakhala ndi tanthauzo mokwanira pakudula kwa wodwala.
Momwe angamenyere
Kuonetsetsa kuti munthu ali ndi moyo wautali, ndikofunikira kuwunika momwe shuga ali m'magazi.
Kugwirizana ngakhale pang'ono ndi izi kumachepetsa mwayi wofupikitsa moyo kangapo. Akuyerekezeredwa kuti m'modzi mwa anayi omwe akudwala mtundu womwe ndimatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwino.
Ngati nthawi yoyambayo matenda ayamba kuilamulira, ndiye kuti matendawa amayamba kuchepa.
Kuwongolera kwambiri kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachepetsa, m'malo osowa, ngakhale kusiya njira ya matenda ashuga komanso zovuta zomwe zawonekera. Kuwongolera okhazikika kumathandiza monga matenda amtundu uliwonse.
Komabe, kwa mtundu wachiwiri, zovuta zochepa zimapezeka. Potsatira mfundo iyi, mutha kuchepetsa kufunika kwa insulin yokumba.
Kenako funso loti ndatsala ndindani kuti ndikhale ndi matenda ashuga limazimiririka lokha.
Kutsatira kwambiri boma kuntchito komanso kunyumba kungapangitsenso kuchuluka kwa moyo wokhala ndi moyo. Pankhaniyi, kuyesetsa kwakukulu kuyenera kupewedwa. Payeneranso kukhala zovuta zina zomwe zingasokoneze thupi. Kuphatikiza pa kuwongolera shuga, ndikofunikira kuti nthawi zonse muzichita mayeso a hemoglobin. Ndi mtundu 2, kuyesa sikungakhale kovutirapo komanso kopitilira.
Phunzirani kukhala ndi moyo
Chinthu chachikulu chomwe sichiyenera kuchita poyamba ndi kuchita mantha. Kupatula apo, mantha adzangokulitsa matendawa ndikupangitsa kuti mavuto azovuta kwambiri azitha. Mukamakula msanga, izi ndizosavuta kuchita. Koma ngati tikulankhula za mwana kapena wachinyamata, ndiye kuti kuyang'aniridwa ndi makolo ndi kuthandizidwa mowonjezereka ndikofunikira.
Kutengera zakudya ndi moyo, titha kunena kuti odwala matenda ashuga amakhala moyo wabwino komanso wathanzi wa anthu athanzi. Njira izi ndizoyenera kwambiri, chifukwa ndiomwe amathandizira kuti anthu odwala azikhala ndi moyo wabwino. Mdziko lapansi muli zochitika zambiri pamene, kutsatira izi, munthu atha kukhala ndi matenda owopsa kwa zaka zoposa khumi ndi ziwiri.
Ndipo masiku ano, anthu amakhala padziko lapansi omwe amalimbana ndi matendawa tsiku lililonse ndikugonjetsa. Malinga ndi malipoti a media, pali munthu wodwala matenda ashuga padziko lapansi yemwe adakondwerera tsiku lobadwa ake la 90. Matenda ake adapezeka ali ndi zaka zisanu. Kuyambira pamenepo, adayang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikuchita zonse zofunikira.
Zonsezi zimatsimikiziranso kuti, nthenda iliyonse, ngakhale yovuta, yomwe ili ndi njira yoyenera imatha kufooketsa ndikusiya kupita patsogolo.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira munthawi yake kuti thupi limangoleka kupanga insulini yofunikira. Osataya mtima ndi kungoganiza zoipa zokha. Kupatula apo, zodetsa zilizonse zimatha kugonjetsedwa ndi zabwino m'moyo. Ndipo kuchuluka kwa momwe angakhalire, wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kusankha yekha, atatengera zomwe zinachitikira anthu omwe sanataye mtima ndikupitilizabe kumenya nkhondo.
Zochitika za anthu ena omwe akudwala matendawa si chaka choyamba, anganene kuti zochuluka zimatengera wodwala iyemwini. Makamaka, kuchuluka kwa momwe iye mwini amafuna kukhalira. Mkhalidwe waumunthu umagwiranso ntchito yofunika. Kupatula apo, thandizo ndi chisamaliro cha okondedwa ndizofunika kwambiri kwa iye kuposa kale.
Mtundu wa matenda a shuga aubwana 1 chidziwitso cha moyo
Matenda a shuga 1 amtundu wa ana amayamba chifukwa cha kupindika kwa pancreatic. Pankhaniyi, insulini siipangidwe moyenera. Matenda osachiritsika amadziwika chifukwa amakula msanga. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa mawonetsedwe ake oyamba kuti athe kulumikizana ndi achipatala kuti akuthandizeni.
Pambuyo povomereza matendawa, ana onse omwe ali ndi matendawa amapatsidwa chilema. Chifukwa chake, chinthu choyambirira kuchita ndikulandila chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali. Mfundo yachiwiri, yomwe ndiyofunika kwambiri, ndikuti ndiyofunikira kupatsa mwana mwayi wakukula bwino osayang'ana pa kulumala.
Zizindikiro zazikulu
Matenda a shuga 1 amtundu wa ana ali ndi zodziwikiratu kuti nkovuta kuti makolo asamazindikire. Kuzindikira kwa mkhalidwe wa mwana pakukula kwa matendawa kumachitika mwachangu kwambiri.Choyamba, ziyenera kudziwitsa ana ludzu losalekeza. Chikhumbo cha kumwa chimakula chifukwa cha momwe thupi limagwirizanirana ndi kufunika kochita kuchepa kwa shuga pamagazi.
Zizindikiro zina zomwe zimawoneka pa nthawi ya chitukuko cha matenda 1 a ana:
Kukangamiza pafupipafupi, Kunenepa kwambiri, kuwonda kwambiri, Kutopa kokhazikika, kumva kwamtendere, Kuwonongeka kowoneka, matenda a fungus.

Komanso, zomwe zalembedwazo sizimawoneka nthawi zonse kamodzi. Ndikofunikira kutchera khutu ku chizindikiro chimodzi chotchulidwa, kotero zitha kukhala umboni wa kukula kwa matenda.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa
Chikhalidwe cha matendawa, chomwe chimatsogolera kulumala, ndikuchepa kwa kapangidwe ka insulin. Pankhaniyi, mtundu uwu wa shuga umatchedwa insulin-amadalira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mankhwala a insulin nthawi zonse amafunikira kuchiritsa ndi kukhazikika kwa mkhalidwe wa mwana.
Mpaka pano, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga 1 sizinayambike asayansi. Zimangotsimikizika kuti matendawa amatuluka motsutsana ndi maziko a vuto la chitetezo m'thupi. Akatswiri azindikira zinthu zingapo zazikulu zothandiza kuti matendawa athe, izi ndi:
Choyipa. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mwa ana omwe ali ndi achibale omwe akudwala matenda ashuga, matendawa amapezeka kangapo katatu. Makamaka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwa mwana magulu amitundu amodzi amakonzekera kukula kwamatenda mothandizidwa ndi zina zakunja. Vutoli lomwe limayambitsa matenda m'thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, zakhala zikutsimikiziridwa kuti ma virus ena, monga cytomegalovirus, chikuku, Coxsackie, mumps ndi Epstein-Barra atha kuthandizira kukulitsa matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin. Chakudya. Amakhulupirira kuti mwana yemwe adayamwitsa amatha kutenga matenda ashuga. Kupsinjika kwa m'maganizo komwe kumalumikizana ndi maubale obisika m'mabanja.

Mwana akhoza kudwala matenda ashuga komanso kukhala wolumala pazaka zilizonse. Masiku ano, madokotala amasiyanitsa magulu awiri akuluakulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo:
Zaka 3-5 zakubadwa. Munthawi imeneyi, ana amayamba kupita ku mabungwe a ana, ndipo chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo koyambitsa Edzi kamawonjezeka nthawi zina. Zaka 13-16. Munthawi imeneyi, kutha msanga kumachitika, ndipo, chifukwa chake, katundu wambiri m'thupi ukuwonjezeka.

Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro zoyambirira zikadziwika, zomwe zingasonyeze chitukuko cha matenda a shuga, kufunika kofunsa kuti muthane ndi achipatala. Kuzindikira kumachitika m'magawo awiri. Choyamba, kukula kwa matendawo kumatsimikiziridwa, kenako mtundu wake umakhazikitsidwa.
Phunziro lofunikira ndi kusanthula komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Makhalidwe abwinobwino amatengera 3.3 mpaka 5.5 mmol / L.
Ngati chizindikiro ichi chikadutsa, kuyesedwa kwa glucose kumachitika.
Choyamba, magazi amatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, pambuyo pake mwanayo amafunika kumwa madzi osungunuka okhala ndi magalamu 75 a shuga (mlingo umachepetsedwa ndi theka pofika zaka 12) ndikuperekanso magazi pambuyo maola angapo.
Ngati zizindikirozo zili m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya 7.5-10.9 mmol / l, ndiye izi zikuwonetsa kuphwanya kulekerera kwa glucose, ndiye kuti, pakufunika kulembetsedwera kwa mwana kuti awunikire kosatha.
Chizindikiro pamtunda wa 11 mmol / L chimatsimikizira bwino kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga. Poterepa, matupi a glucose ndi ketone awonekanso mkodzo wam'mawa.
Mbali yotsatira, kudziwa mtundu wa matenda osokoneza bongo, kuyezetsa magazi kumachitika pofuna kupezeka kwa ma antibodies ena.
Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga 1 amtundu wa ana chimadalira pa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga yamagazi ikhale yolimba komanso kukhazikika kwa mkhalidwe wa mwana kwanthawi yayitali.Mtundu woyamba wa shuga m'mwana ndimatenda osachiritsika osatha.
Kuzindikira koyenera kumatsimikiziridwa pokhapokha ngati mungakwanitse kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala, kudya komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala munthawi yake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale ndizosatheka kuchiritsa matenda ashuga, ana omwe adwala akadali achichepere amatha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi lalitali.
Pa gawo loyambirira la matendawa, ndikofunikira kusankha zakudya zoyenera kuti muchite bwino. Potere, njira imodzi ndi imodzi imachitidwa nthawi zonse. Koma nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zokhala ndi shuga zomwe zimapangidwa nthawi zonse kumachepetsedwa kwambiri mu zakudya, pomwe mapuloteni ndi mafuta amayenera kudyedwa ndi mwana wodwala pamlingo woyenera.
Mankhwala a insulin a ana omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba 1 amasankhidwa payekhapayekha. Komanso, ubwana, ndi insulin yochepa yokha yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati kuli kotheka, angioprotectors, mavitamini, mankhwala a choleretic ndi oteteza chiwindi ndi omwe amapatsidwa.
Ndikofunikanso kwambiri m'chilimwe komanso m'nyengo yozizira kusankha zoyenera zolimbitsa thupi kwa mwana. Kufunika kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa chakuti minofu yodzaza ndi mphamvu yakudziyimira payokha mokwanira m'magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, kupsinjika kumafunikira kuchepetsedwa, chifukwa zimatsimikiziridwa kuti ndi kuchuluka kwazakudya zama psychoemotional, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumakwera.
Makolo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa matendawa ndikuwonetsetsa momwe mwanayo aliri. Kuti muchite izi, kangapo patsiku kuyeza shuga wamagazi ndi glucometer. Ana okalamba ayenera kuphunzitsidwa kuchita izi paokha.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga mellitus 1 degree
Ndi matenda a shuga, palibe insulin m'thupi. Zizindikiro zimatchulidwa, ndipo matendawa amakula mwachangu.
Maselo a pancreatic amayamba kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa amasiya kugwira ntchito - kupanga insulin. Maselo oterowo amatchedwa maselo a beta. Ziwalo zambiri mwa anthu zimadalira insulin, ndipo ngati sizipangidwa, kusokonekera kumachitika m'thupi, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumawonekera m'magazi.
Minofu ya adipose yaumunthu sigwira ntchito moyenera. Chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga (komanso kuwonda). Mu minofu yam'mimba mumatha kuwonongeka kwamapuloteni omwe amatulutsa amino acid ambiri, omwe amathandizanso kuti wodwalayo asadwale.
Kuti muthane bwino ndi kukonza kwa mafutawa, ma amino acid ndi zinthu zina, chiwindi chimayamba kugwira ntchito kwambiri, ndikuchikonza mu zinthu za ketone. Amayamba kudyetsa ziwalo m'malo mwa insulin, makamaka ubongo.
Mavuto
Mavuto owopsa a matenda amtundu 1 amakhala oopsa, ndipo muyenera kuchitapo kanthu nthawi yomweyo. Izi zimaphatikizapo hypoglycemia ndi ketoacidosis.
Hypoglycemia imadziwika ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Izi zimadziwika ndi izi:
Thukuta lamphamvu, miyendo yanjenjemera, njala yayikulu, kugunda kwamtima mwachangu.

Ngati pakufunika kuchitapo kanthu kuti muchepetse magazi, mwana akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi, lomwe limayendera limodzi ndi matenda opatsirana komanso kusiya kuzindikira.
Ketoacidosis amadziwika ndi kusintha kosalamulira kwa glucose wamagazi. Zowonetsera zazikuluzikulu za kuvutikaku ndi kusakwiya, kutaya chidwi ndi kusowa tulo. Ndi chitukuko cha ketoacidosis chikomokere, kupweteka kwam'mimba komanso kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera pamlomo wamkati kumachitika.
Mavuto osaneneka amakula chifukwa cha matenda omwe amayambitsa ziwalo zamkati. Poyerekeza ndi matenda am'mimba a shuga, matenda a mtima, impso ndi chiwindi amatha kukhazikika, zomwe zimafunikira chithandizo chowonjezera.
Kulephera kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a mtundu woyamba wa shuga amapatsidwa malinga ndi ziphaso za chipatala, mosasamala kanthu za kuchuluka kwa zovuta.
Mu 2017, maubwino amaperekedwa kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, omwe amaphatikiza kugula kwaulere kwa mankhwala ndi kuwerengedwa kwa mapenshoni.
Kuphatikiza apo, ana oterowo, pofuna kupewa, amapatsidwa maulere kuchipatala. Kwa ana aang'ono, tikiti yothandizira munthu amene amalandila nayeyo imalandilidwa.
Kuphatikiza apo, makolo a ana odwala ali ndi mwayi. Ali ndi tsiku lalifupi lalifupi pantchito komanso zowonjezera sabata ndi tchuthi. Izi zimalola, ngakhale osadalirika kuti akudwala kwambiri, kuwonjezera mwayi wakutsogolo komanso kusintha moyo wabwino wa odwala achichepere.
Kukula ndi zotulukapo za matenda a shuga 1
Kukula kwa chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo wodwala wodwala matenda ashuga 1 ndi ochepera. Mpaka 45-50% ya odwala amafa zaka 37-42 atadutsa matendawa chifukwa cha kulephera kwaimpso. Pambuyo 23-27 zaka, odwala kukhala atherosulinosis zovuta, zomwe zimabweretsa imfa, sitiroko, pambuyo podzicheka, ischemic lesion ya miyendo kapena matenda a mtima. Zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo cha kufa msanga ndi neuropathy, matenda oopsa, etc.
Pofuna kupewa ndi kuchepetsa kudwala kwa matendawa, kukonza njira zamavuto omwe alipo, kuwongolera kwambiri misempha ndikofunikira. Izi zikakwaniritsidwa, kukhululukidwa koyamba kumachitika mwa wodwala aliyense wachinayi wokhala ndi matenda a shuga 1. Mu nthawi yachikhululukiro choyambirira, chomwe chimakhala monga kuneneratu kuyambira miyezi itatu mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi (nthawi zina, mpaka 1 chaka), zinthu zimakhazikika ndipo kufunika kwa insulin kumachepera kwambiri.
Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti matenda a shuga amakula pang'onopang'ono, malinga ndi chizolowezi chogwira ntchito komanso zochitika tsiku ndi tsiku. Chifukwa chake, kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kupewa kupsinjika kwakanthawi komanso kumangika, komwe kumathandizira kukula kwa matendawa. Ndikofunika kwambiri kupitilizabe kusamalira mtundu wa matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba, kuti zovuta za matendawo zipangike pambuyo pake. Kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta za mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, kuonetsetsa zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku, kudziyang'anira, kusunga mulingo wa hemoglobin m'magazi komanso kusintha nthawi ya insulin kumafunikiranso. Zonsezi pamwambapa zimakhudza kwambiri chiyembekezo cha odwala.
Kukula kwa chiyembekezo cha moyo wodwala wokhala ndi matenda a shuga 1 kumadalira zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo kutsimikiza kwa matendawo, kuuma kwake, kuzindikira koyenera ndi chithandizo, komanso zaka za wodwalayo.
Kodi matenda ashuga amapha?
Odwala ambiri omwe amva izi atha kudziwa momwe angakhalire ndi anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Matendawa ndi osachiritsika, komabe, mutha kukhala nawo nthawi yayitali. Komabe, pakadali pano, ofufuza ambiri akukhulupirira kuti kudalirika kwa moyo ndi matenda ashuga sikwabwino, ndipo kumakhalabe koopsa.
Kulephera kwammimba kumayamba ndi chithandizo chosakwanira ndipo kukalamba kungayambitse kuti wodwalayo afe.
Kukhala kwa hepatatic kumachitika pafupipafupi, komanso kumatha kubweretsa imfa ngati kupatsirana sikunachitike munthawi yake,
Angiopathy - kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi, dongosolo lamtima, lomwe limatha kukhala lamphamvu kwambiri ndikupangitsa kuti chiyembekezo cha moyo wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo achepetse (kulowetsedwa kwa myocardial kumachitika, nthawi zina - stroko).
Pakadali pano, chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azikhala ndi matenda ashuga ndi matenda obisika. Ndizowopsa kwa iwo, chifukwa zotupa ndizachulukirapo kuposa mwa anthu - osati odwala matenda ashuga, koma thupi limafooka. Chifukwa chake, ndimomwe mtima wamtima umakhudzira anthu angati omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.
Komabe, odwala matenda ashuga amtundu wa 1 pano akhoza kukhala ndi zaka zambiri kuposa zaka 50 zapitazo. Mu theka lachiwiri la zaka zam'ma 19, insulini sinali yofikirika monga momwe ilili lero, chifukwa kufa kwa anthu kunali kokulirapo (pakadali pano chiwerengerochi chatsika kwambiri). Kuyambira 1965 mpaka 1985, anthu omwe ali m'gulu la anthu odwala matenda ashuga adatsika kuchokera pa 35% mpaka 11%. Chiwopsezo cha kufa chatsikanso kwambiri chifukwa chopanga ma glucometer amakono, olondola komanso am'manja omwe amakupatsani mwayi wowongolera shuga, zomwe zimakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.
Amabala

Amatha kukhala ndi matenda a shuga kwa nthawi yayitali, koma ndi kuwongolera kosatha momwe aliri. Chiyembekezo chamoyo wa mtundu woyamba wa shuga ndi chokwanira mokulira mwa akulu. Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amwalira ndi matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba amakhala okwera kwambiri kwa ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi vutoli, chifukwa kuwunika momwe alili kungakhale kovuta (amafa maulendo 4-9 nthawi zambiri kuposa anthu atatha zaka 35). Muubwana ndi mwana, zovuta zimakula mwachangu, koma sizotheka nthawi zonse kuzindikira matendawa munthawi ndikuyamba chithandizo. Kuphatikiza apo, matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba amakhala ocheperako poyerekeza ndi matenda amitundu iwiri.
Imfa pakati pa anthu odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba ndi 2.6 kuchulukitsa kuposa momwe anthu omwe sazindikira. Kwa iwo omwe akudwala matenda amtundu 2, chizindikiro ichi ndi 1.6.
Chiyembekezo chamoyo wa matenda ashuga a 2 chawonjezereka posachedwa, chifukwa chakuyambitsidwa kwa mankhwala a m'badwo wachitatu. Tsopano, atazindikira, odwala amakhala ndi moyo pafupifupi zaka 15. Ichi ndi chizindikiro chapakati, tiyenera kudziwa kuti odwala ambiri amayamba kuzindikira kuti ali ndi zaka 60 zakubadwa.
Lemberani mosazindikira kuchuluka komwe amakhala ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, ndipo ziwerengero zoterezi zidzathandiza. Masekondi 10 aliwonse padziko lapansi, munthu m'modzi amafa atazindikira matendawa. Nthawi yomweyo, odwala matenda ashuga ena awiri amawoneka nthawi yomweyo. Chifukwa kuchuluka kwamilandu pakalipano kukukula mwachangu.
Mtundu woyamba wa shuga 1 wa ana kuyambira zaka 0 mpaka 4, chomwe chimayambitsa kufa ndi ketoacidotic coma kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chodzikundikira matupi a ketone m'magazi. Ndi ukalamba, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a shuga umachulukana kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kukula kwa moyo
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, pali zinthu zambiri zamomwe mungakhalire ndi matenda ashuga. Kusunga mwachindunji kwa malamulo osavuta kumadalira kuchuluka kwa odwala omwe amakhala naye. Ndi matenda a shuga 1 amtundu wa ana, ntchito yayikulu yakuwongolera kuchuluka kwa glucose ndikukhalabe ndi chakudya ndi makolo. Izi ndi zinthu zomwe zimapanga chisankho posankha mtundu komanso moyo wabwino. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pazaka zoyambirira za moyo wokhala ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 ana, chifukwa ndi mu m'badwo uno omwe amafa kwambiri.
Katundu wa minofu tsiku ndi tsiku umathandizira kuti minofu yogwira magwiridwe olimbitsa thupi ikhale ndi mphamvu. Ndi matenda a shuga, mutha kusintha magawo a shuga ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, ngati chakudya chaphwanya,
Udindo wofunikira umachitika ndi nthawi yofufuza matenda. Kuchulukitsa kwa zovuta kumatengera izi, komanso kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe munthu akhala. Ngati matenda a shuga sanapezeka kwa nthawi yayitali, pali zovuta zina zazikulu, motero ndikofunika kuti musanyalanyaze.
Zomwe zimakhudza chiyembekezo cha moyo
Pambuyo popezeka ndi matenda omwe amadalira insulin, odwala ambiri amakhala ndi nkhawa Ndi angati akukhala ndi iye. Matenda a shuga ndipo zotulukapo zake zimawononga thupi kwathunthu.
Ndipo ngakhale imfa nthawi zonse imakhala nkhani yosasangalatsa, chibadwidwe cha anthu chimafuna kudziwa kuti muthe kukhala ndi nthawi yovuta yotani kuti mudziwe. Palibe yankho lachangu komanso lolondola la funsoli, chifukwa zinthu zingapo zimakhudza chiyembekezo cha moyo.
Nazi zinthu zina zomwe zidzapanga kuchuluka kwa zaka, mosasamala mtundu wa matenda:
posakhalitsa matendawa adapezeka
kuchuluka kwa zovuta za matenda ashuga,
zofunikira zina (mulingo wazachuma, zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi, kutsatira njira ya mankhwalawa).
Mavuto onse omwe angakhalepo pakukhazikitsa njira yodwala matenda amachepetsa makamaka pazaka. Mwazi wambiri wambiri pakapita nthawi umabweretsa mavuto otsatirawa:
retinopathy
matenda a impso
matenda amtima.
Hypoglycemia imatha kuphatikizidwa ndi matenda ogwirizana:
kuthamanga kwa magazi
cholesterol yayikulu.
Komanso, matenda ashuga amachititsa kuti magazi azitha kuyenda bwino, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo monga:
Chikoka cha matenda pamtima ndicho chinali chachikulu kwambiri cha zaka zotayika malinga ndi kafukufuku wa asayansi ambiri. Zinapezekanso kuti m'mbuyomu, odwala matenda ashuga amafa pamikhalidwe yoyambitsidwa ndi matenda ashuga, omwe amayambitsidwa ndi shuga ochepa, komanso ketoacidosis, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa insulin mthupi.
Mwa anthu osakwanitsa zaka 60, chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti munthu amwalira msanga ndi matenda ashuga ndi shuga - pafupifupi 25%.
Malinga ndi ofufuzawo, matenda a mtima a ischemic, omwe akhala chifukwa chachikulu cha imfa pakati pa odwala, ndi 35%. Kulephera kwammanja kwandithandizanso.
Matenda Ati a shuga
Opambana mu pulogalamu ya Joslin Diabetes Center ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oyamba omwe akhala akudalira insulin kwa zaka 25, 50, 75 kapena 80.
Kuyambira 1948, dokotala wa Harvard ku Boston Clinic, a Jocelyn, omwe akuchita upainiya pakuphunzira ndi kuchiza matenda ashuga, adayamba kupereka mphotho kwa anthu omwe akhala ndi matenda azachipatala kwa zaka 25. Pulogalamuyi idakulitsidwa mu 1970 ndipo kuyambira nthawi imeneyo mendulo zaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe akhala akulimbana ndi matendawa kwa zaka 50. Mendulo yoyamba ya zaka 75 yaperekedwa mu 1996; mu 2013, mphoto yoyamba ya zaka 80 idalandiridwa.
Kuyambira mu 1970, mendulo zambiri zopitilira 4,000 50 komanso mendulo 65 wazaka zapitazo. Mphoto zoterezi zalandiridwa ndi odwala padziko lonse lapansi - ku Australia, Brazil, Canada, England, Hungary, Japan, Netherlands, Pakistan, Philippines, South America, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland. Ku Russia, mendulo wazaka 9 50 zaperekedwa.
Chiyembekezo chamoyo wamtundu 1 komanso matenda ashuga a 2
Nthawi zambiri, mtundu 1 wamatsenga umayamba mwa ana ndi achinyamata, kuposa digiri yachiwiri, kotero, odwala omwe ali ndi vutoli amakhala nthawi yayitali akukhalira ndi malo okhala.
Komabe, odwala omwe ali ndi digiri yoyamba amakhala nthawi yayitali. Zizindikiro za nthawi yayitali zimayenda bwino kwambiri mwa odwala omwe adabadwa m'zaka za zana la 20.
Kutalika kwamoyo wokhala ndi matenda ashuga a 2, yomwe imayamba pang'onopang'ono ndipo monga zotsatira zake imapezeka mukazindikira mawonekedwe kapena zizindikiro za zovuta zazikulu, zimatengera zinthu zambiri.
Mkhalidwe uliwonse wamatenda umakhudza thanzi, ndipo chifukwa chake, pamtunda wa odwala omwe akhala zaka zambiri. Mitundu yonse iwiri yamatenda imakulitsa chiwopsezo cha kufa kwa anthu mwa zovuta zingapo, chifukwa chake, wodwalayo ayenera kusamalira matenda ake nthawi zonse.
Kumwa mankhwala oyenera ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi sikungokulitsa kuchuluka kwa zaka, komanso kuwonjezera thanzi lawo.
Mfundo yoti ndi matenda ashuga mungakhale ndi moyo wautali kuposa athanzi:
Etiology ya matenda
Mtundu woyamba wa shuga mu ana yodziwika ndi insulin yotsika kwambiri yopangidwa ndi kapamba. Izi zimabweretsa kuti wodwala amafunikira insulin nthawi zonse. Mkhalidwe uwu umatchedwa insulin.
Ndikosavuta kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa matenda. Koma pali zinthu zingapo zazikulu zothandizila kuzindikila zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga 1.Nayi mfundo zazikulu:
Wophedwa ndi cholowa. Achibale a ana omwe amadwala matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, matendawa amapezeka kangapo katatu kuposa kuchuluka kwa anthu. Zomwe zimadalira izi sizinadziwikebe mokwanira, popeza asayansi sanapezebe majini omwe amasinthidwa omwe amayambitsa matenda.
Makamaka. Mawuwa akutanthauza kuti wodwala ali ndi mitundu yabwinobwino yomwe imangotengera matenda. Izi zikutanthauza kuti sizingadziwonetse zokha, kapena zimatha kulamulidwa ndi zinthu zakunja.
Ma virus. Zatsimikiziridwa kuti ma virus ena atha kuthandizira kupanga shuga yodalira insulin. Izi zimaphatikizapo cytomegalovirus, chikuku, Coxsackie, mumps ndi Epstein-Barra.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi. Amadziwika kuti ana omwe amalandira mkaka wosinthika m'malo mwa mkaka wa m'mawere amakonda kwambiri matenda ashuga.
Kuwonekera pazinthu zina ndi kukonzekera. Mankhwala angapo ali ndi poizoni m'maselo a pancreatic. Izi zimaphatikizapo mankhwala enaake omwe adatha, chida cha rat (Vaccor), komanso mankhwala omwe amapezeka mu utoto ndi zinthu zina zomanga.
Zizindikiro za matendawa
Mtundu woyamba wa matenda osokoneza bongo wa ana ndi matenda owoneka bwino omwe amatha kudzikonza okha ndi zina.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kukaonana ndi dokotala munthawi yake, chifukwa ana matenda a shuga amawonekera pa liwiro la magetsi ndipo angayambitse kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kochepa m'thupi. Ngati muzindikira kuti mwana wanu ali ndi mndandanda uliwonse kuchokera pamndandanda wotsatirawu, funsanani ndi endocrinologist nthawi yomweyo:
Polyuria. Chizindikiro ichi ndi kutulutsa mkodzo kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri makolo amasokoneza iye ndi usiku.
Udzu wokhazikika. Wodwalayo amatha kumwa malita 8-10 a madzi patsiku, ngakhale madzi amtunduwu sangathetse ludzu ndikuchotsa pakamwa pouma.
Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa. Mwana amachepetsa kwambiri thupi, ngakhale kuti amakhala ndi nkhawa nthawi zonse ndipo amadya zakudya zambiri kuposa masiku onse.
Kutaya kwamaso. Wodwalayo amadandaula za kuwonongeka kwakuthwa m'masomphenya. Pakupita kwakanthawi, masomphenya amatha kugwa ndi ma diopter ochepa.
Khungu limasintha. Zilonda zosiyanasiyana, mafinya, zilonda zosakhazikika zimawoneka pakhungu la mwana.
Matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi. Atsikana nthawi zambiri amadandaula kuti zimapweteketsa maliseche.
Zofooka. Mwanayo amakhala m'tulo, amataya chidwi ndi masewerawo, kuti aphunzire, safuna kuyenda. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala kukwiya, manjenje, ulesi.
Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga mu ana: zapamwamba
Ziwonetsero ndi matenda a shuga omwe amadalira ana, amalingaliridwa zabwino zonse. Koma zonena zabwino ngati izi zitha kupangidwa pokhapokha ngati shuga yalipidwa, ndiye kuti, shuga yokhazikika yotsimikizika ndikutsatira kwambiri chithandizo.
Mavuto ambiri a mtundu woyamba wa ana 1:
retinopathy
kuwonongeka kwaimpso,
wodwala matenda ashuga
mitsempha
lipid kagayidwe kachakudya,
kuchepa chonde.
Type 1 matenda a shuga kwa ana:
Ana onse omwe akudwala matenda ashuga amtundu woyambangakhale atakumana ndi zovuta kulemala.
Ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira zakudya zosamalitsa mpaka pakukhazikika pakuwongolera matenda.
Zakudya zamtundu woyamba wa shuga mwa ana ndi izi:
Makolo sayenera kupatula zakudya zamagulu pang'ono zazakudya zawo zatsiku ndi tsiku.. Izi zimaphatikizapo makeke, makeke, ayisikilimu, uchi, timadziti totsekemera, maswiti, chokoleti. Izi ndichifukwa choti zinthuzi zimakhala ndi chisonyezo chachikulu cha glycemic, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nthawi yomweyo amawonjezera shuga m'magazi kukhala ndi mfundo zazikulu.
Pasitala, mbewu monga chimanga, buledi suletsedwa, koma muyenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa zomwe zidyedwa.
Kwa makolo muyenera kugula muyeso wophika ndikupeza matebulo apaderakuwonetsa zomwe zili ndimankhwala kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa zomwe mwana wawo wadya komanso kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe akufuna.
Matenda a shuga omwe amadalira a insulin ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe amafunikira kuyang'aniridwa mosamalitsa pazithandizo zamankhwala, chifukwa chake makolo a mwana wodwala ayenera kuphunzira zambiri zamakono zokhudzana ndi matenda a shuga 1, komanso kufotokozera mwana wawo wamwamuna kapena wamkazi kufunika kwa chithandizo, zakudya ndi masewera.
Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani matenda a shuga amafupikitsa moyo?
Musanakumane ndi chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo, muyenera kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake nthenda yoyipa ngati imeneyi imawoneka.
Kasitomala ndiye amachititsa kuti insulin ipangidwe m'thupi la munthu. Ngati imasiya kugwira ntchito mwachizolowezi, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa insulini kumachepa, chifukwa cha shuga satengedwa kupita ku ziwalo zina ndi ma cell, koma amakhalabe m'magazi.
Zotsatira zake, minofu yathanzi imayamba kusweka, ndipo izi zimabweretsa zotsutsana:
matenda amtima
kusokonezeka kwa endocrine
momwe zida zamagetsi zimawonera,
mavuto ndi mitsempha,
matenda a impso ndi chiwindi.
Mndandanda wamatenda sutha pamenepo.
Anthu odwala matenda ashuga samakhala ocheperako kuposa anthu athanzi kapena ngakhale omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika.
Matendawa akamakula komanso kukwera shuga m'magazi, ndiye kuti akhoza kufa. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe amakhala osasamala mu thanzi lawo, nthawi zambiri samawongolera shuga komanso samalandira chithandizo, amakhala zaka zoposa 50.
Ndani angakhale pachiwopsezo cha kufa ali ang'ono?
Mavuto amakula mwachangu m'magulu otsatirawa a anthu:
Ana (matenda a shuga amawoneka ali aang'ono kwambiri, adzayamba kufa msanga),
osuta
anthu omwe amamwa mowa nthawi zonse,
odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi atherosulinosis.
Ana nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi matenda amtundu 1, motero amafunika kupatsidwa insulini kuyambira ali aang'ono. Ichi ndi chifukwa chokha chomwe chimakhudza moyo.
Anthu omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zoipa omwe amatsatira zakudya ndikutsatira malangizo onse a dokotala amakhala ndi zaka 40. Kusuta fodya komanso mowa sizigwirizana ndi matenda ashuga.
Atherosulinosis pakokha imabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa, ndipo limodzi ndi matenda a shuga zimathandizira kukulitsa gangore kapena stroke. Pambuyo pamatendawa, wodwalayo samakhala nthawi yayitali.
Ganizirani momwe mtundu wa matendawa umakhudzira nthawi ya moyo.
Kodi odwala matenda ashuga 1 amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga umadalira insulini, ndiye kuti, munthu amafunikira insulin yaying'ono kapena yayikulu (kutengera kuopsa kwa vuto lakelo).
Kukhala ndi moyo pamenepa kumatengera zinthu zingapo:
Mankhwala a insulin. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa shuga wamagazi ndikuwonjezera insulin nthawi yomweyo. Ngati mumalowa mankhwalawo nthawi ndi nthawi, ndiye kuti mankhwalawo azikhala ochepa, ndipo chiwopsezo cha zovuta zomwe zimakhudza thanzi la wodwalayo chikuwonjezeka nthawi zina.
Kutsatira zakudya. Zolemba za cholesterol ndi shuga zamagazi zimadalira kwambiri kuperewera kwa zakudya.
Zochita zolimbitsa thupi. Kukhala wakhama pa ntchito kumalepheretsa kukula kwamafuta.
Kuchuluka kwa momwe munthu angatsatirire pazomwe zili pamwambapa, moyo wake wamtsogolo umadalira
Matenda a mtima, chiwindi, ndi impso zimakhudza kukhala ndi moyo.
Mavuto otsatirawa atha kubweretsa imfa msanga mu mtundu woyamba:
patsogolo atherosulinosis,
kulephera kwa aimpso.
Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka patatha zaka 23 atapezeka matenda ashuga. Wodwalayo amatha kumwalira atatha zaka 40.Monga lamulo, anthu odwala matenda ashuga, omwe amatsatira kwambiri zonse kuti ateteze zovuta, amakhalabe ndi zaka 70.
Kukhala ndi moyo kumadaliranso umunthu wa wodwala, kotero mwa akazi amachepetsedwa ndi zaka 20, ndipo mwa amuna ndi zaka 12 zokha.
Ndikofunika kunena kuti chiyembekezo chamoyo sichimangotengera mtundu wa matenda komanso kulondola kwa chithandizocho, komanso zimunthu payekha, komanso kuchuluka kwa matenda a shuga. Wodwala wokhala ndi mtundu wachiwiri angakhale ndi moyo mpaka liti?
Kodi odwala matenda ashuga a 2 amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Matenda a shuga a Type 2 safupikitsanso moyo monganso woyamba. Matenda akulu okhazikika omwe amatsogolera kumwalira asanakwane odwala matenda ashuga ndi mtundu woyamba, ndi mtundu wachiwiri izi sizichitika. Monga momwe ziliri ndi mtundu woyamba, komanso wachiwiri, muyenera kuyang'anira shuga wamagazi nthawi zonse.
Mukayamba kuyendetsa matendawa kumayambiriro kwake, ndiye kuti mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri kukula kwake ndikutchinjiriza kufa msanga. Mtundu wachiwiri umapezeka mu 90% yamilandu, ambiri mwa odwala ndi okalamba omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 50.
Kuti matenda ashuga asakhudze chiyembekezo chodwala, muyenera kutsatira zotsatirazi:
chakudya
zolimbitsa thupi mosalekeza.
Chiwopsezo chotenga zovuta zazikulu mukamadya chakudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndizochepa. Izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa kwa odwala onse omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri. Zomwe zimayambitsa kufa msanga zimatha kukhala matenda a mtima komanso a impso.
Ziwerengero zimatsimikizira kuti odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri amakhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali kuposa ndi woyamba. Zaka zokhala ndi moyo zimachepetsedwa ndi zaka 5 zokha.
Matenda a shuga samangoleketsa thanzi komanso moyo wautali, komanso zimapangitsa kuti munthu azikhala wolumala chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa matendawa komanso kukula kwa zovuta zazikulu. Shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa pafupipafupi.
Ndani ali pachiwopsezo
Poyerekeza ndi zaka zapitazi, kuchuluka kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga posachedwapa kwawonjezeka kwambiri. Masiku ano, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa amakhala ndi zaka pafupifupi 15 chichitikireni matenda a shuga.
Ngati 1965 35 peresenti ya odwala amwalira ndi mtundu wa matenda ashuga 1, ndiye kuti panthawi yotsatira anthu omwe amafa anali 11 peresenti.
Kusintha koteroko kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukulitsa kwa mankhwala amakono ndikubwera kwa mankhwala osiyanasiyana ndi zida zomwe zimaloleza odwala kuti azitha kuyang'anira matenda awo mosadalira. M'mbuyomu, chiyembekezo cha moyo chinali chochepa chifukwa chakuti insulin inali mankhwala osatheka.
Choyambitsa kufa kwa ana a zaka zapakati pa 0 mpaka 4 ndi vuto la ketoacidotic, lomwe limayamba limodzi ndi matenda ashuga.
Nthawi zambiri, matenda amtundu wa 1 amapezeka mwa ana ndi achinyamata, chifukwa chaichi chiwerengero chachikulu chaimfa chimawonedwa pa nthawi ino. Monga mukudziwa, nthawi zambiri ana sangathe kudzilamulira okha magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta. Kuphatikiza chomwe chimayambitsa nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi matenda ashuga ketoacidosis ndi hypoglycemia.
Mwa achikulire amakhala ndi moyo wotsika, monga lamulo, anthu omwe amamwa mowa ndi kusuta. Komanso, nthawi ya moyo imafupikitsidwa chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa zovuta za matenda ashuga.
Pachifukwa ichi, odwala matenda ashuga nawonso amasankha kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa pofuna kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino kapena kupitiriza kukhala ndi moyo wopanda thanzi.
Matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulini komanso mawonekedwe ake
Mosiyana ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2, mtundu woyamba wa matenda umawonekeranso mudakali ana. Uwu ndi mtundu wosachiritsika wa matenda ashuga, pomwe ma cell a beta mu kapamba amawonongeka, ali ndi udindo wopanga insulin.
Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwathunthu kwa maselo, kuchepa kwa insulin m'magazi kumapangidwa.Zotsatira zake, glucose alibe kutembenuka kwathunthu kukhala mphamvu. Zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa ndi monga:
kukodza pafupipafupi
kusowa kwamadzi
kuwonda mwadzidzidzi
kuchepa kwa masomphenya
kutopa
kumverera kwa njala ndi ludzu.
Mu matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa chizindikiro cha shuga wamagazi, kubayira insulin mthupi nthawi zonse ndikutsatira chakudya chamagulu.
Kuphatikiza ndikofunikira kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuti muzitha kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga mumagazi anu.
Ndi angati omwe amakhala ndi matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba
Popeza sizikudziwika nthawi zonse momwe matendawa amayambira komanso ngati pali zovuta zina, ndizovuta kwambiri kunena nthawi yeniyeni yomwe odwala matenda ashuga ali nayo.
Choyamba, zimatengera wodwalayo komanso momwe amakhalira, motero ndikofunikira kuganizira zonse.
Pakadali pano, shuga wodalira insulin amachepetsa kukhala ndi moyo.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero, opitirira theka la odwala matenda ashuga amwalira pambuyo zaka 40. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha kukula kwa aimpso.
Ali ndi zaka 23, kukula kwa atherosulinosis kumayamba mwa odwala. Izi nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa stroko kapena gangore.
Makamaka, monga zovuta, mtundu wa odwala matenda ashuga ndimatha kukumana ndi matenda ena omwe amachepetsa kwambiri moyo wawo.
Nthawi zambiri, matenda atadziwika, odwala matenda ashuga amakhala pafupifupi pafupifupi zaka 30. Munthawi imeneyi, wodwala amakhudzidwa ndi mtima, matenda a impso amakula, omwe amayambitsa kufa koyambirira.
Poganizira kuti matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin amawapeza ali aang'ono, odwala matenda ashuga amatha kukhala ndi zaka 50-60. Ngati mungayang'anire thanzi lanu ndikuwongolera zizindikiro za shuga mumadulidwe, nthawi yamoyo ingakhale zaka 70.
Poyerekeza ndi jenda, azimayi omwe ali ndi shuga amakhala ndi zaka 12, ndipo amuna - 20.
Khalidwe la matenda ashuga
Palibe amene angayankhe kwathunthu pazaka zingati akhala ndi matenda ashuga. Izi ndichifukwa choti chikhalidwe cha shuga chimakhala chamunthu aliyense payekha. Kodi ndingakhale bwanji ndi matenda ashuga? Pali malamulo omwe amakhudza nthawi yayitali ya munthu wodwala matenda ashuga.
Matenda a shuga
Matenda a shuga sangayesedwe ngati matenda oopsa. Imafupikitsa moyo mwa pafupifupi zaka 10. Odwala amakhala ndi zotupa za m'maso, impso, mitsempha ndi ziwalo zina.
Mu ana, zakukula kwa matenda a shuga kulinso kovutikirapo - kukula nthawi zambiri kumakhalabe kozungulira, koma kukulitsa kugonana kumachedwa, ndikukula komaliza: kungakhale kotsika kuposa kuthekera kwa chibadwa.
Monga momwe amawonera mapasa ofanana akuwonetsa, kuyambika koyambirira kwa mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga kumabweretsa kuchepetsedwa kwa chitukuko cha kugonana ndi kuchepa kwakukulu, ngakhale kuli koyenera kumawonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Mwakuwoneka konse, njira zothandizira kubwezera anthu odwala matenda ashuga m'mbuyomu sizinali zovuta kwenikweni komanso zowongolera glycemia mwa njira zachilengedwe zinalephera.
Njira imodzi yakuthandizira kudwala kwa matenda ashuga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma insulin omwetsa, omwe angapangidwe mwanjira yoti insulin ingalowe m'thupi la wodwalayo ndikulakalaka kudya.
Mu gulu losankhidwa la odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi, zinali zotheka kwa zaka zingapo kupitiliza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi zizindikiritso zina (glycosylated hemoglobin) pafupifupi pamlingo wamba.
Komabe, njirayi ndi yoyenera kwa odwala okhwima mtima kwambiri omwe amatha kudalirika ndi kudziletsa kwambiri kwa glycemia ndipo akudziwa kuthekera kosweka kwa chipangizocho (kuwopseza hyper- kapena hypoglycemia) komanso matenda amalo a catheter.
Kupititsa patsogolo kubwezeredwa kwa matenda a shuga kumakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa zovuta komanso zovuta zina, chifukwa chake matendawo.
Mwachitsanzo, ku Sweden, zapezeka kuti ndi anthu opitilira matenda ashuga amtundu wopitilira 20, kuchuluka kwa nephropathy pakati pa omwe adapezeka mu 1971-1975 ndi kotsika kwambiri kuposa pakati pa omwe adapezeka ndi matenda zaka khumi kale.
Kuwongolera bwino kwa glucose kumathetsanso microalbuminuria. Chifukwa chake, kudaliraku kumadalira kuchuluka kwa kubwezeredwa kwa matenda ashuga.
Kuthana ndikusinthika kwa ma pancreatic islets ikhoza kukhala njira yomwe imathandizira kwambiri kukula kwa shuga. Pochiza matenda amishuga amtundu 1, adayesetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zidutswa za kapamba kapena zisumbu zakutali za Langerhans.
Ntchitozi ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo zimayambitsa chiopsezo chobwereranso, mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kukana kukhudzidwa, komanso immunosuppression. Chifukwa chake, kuziika kwa zidutswa za kapamba, monga lamulo, kunachitika kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lozungulira aimpso limodzi ndi kumuika kwa impso wofunafuna mankhwala a immunosuppressive.
Mwa odwala akuluakulu, maopareshoni ambiri achita izi. Zomwe mwakumana nazo ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala atsopano omwe amalimbitsa machitidwe a chitetezo cha mthupi zapangitsa kuti zikhale zowonjezera nthawi yayitali yamoyo wa ma pancreatic kwa zaka zingapo. Panthawi imeneyi, kufunika kwa insulin yakunja kunachepetsedwa kwambiri ndipo zovuta zina za microvascular zinatha mwa odwala.
Mavuto a immunosuppression chithandizo akuphatikizira kukula kwa zotupa zopweteka. Mankhwala ena omwe amaletsa kukanidwa, makamaka cyclosporine ndi tacrolimus, ali ndi poizoni pawokha pazilumba za Langerhans, zinthu izi zimasokoneza katulutsidwe ka insulin, ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa matenda ashuga.

Zoyesayesa zotenga zilumba zakutali zimakumana ndi zovuta ngati izi. Kafukufuku wakutsogolo uku akupitilizabe.
Kwa odwala akuluakulu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 1 TPI, zisumbu zakutali za Langerhans adalowetsedwa mu portal portal vein (Edmont Protocol). Potere, m'badwo watsopano wa immunosuppressants wokhala ndi zovuta zochepa adagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwa odwala 15 omwe adachita izi, 12 (80%) sanachitepo kanthu kunja kwa insulin.
Mavuto a immunosuppressive chithandizo anali ochepa, koma odwala ena anali ndi portal vein thrombosis komanso magazi (chifukwa chodumphira kwa mitsempha ya portal), kugwiritsa ntchito ma anticoagulants nthawi zina kunayambitsa magazi ambiri kapena opaleshoni ya m'mitsempha, yomwe imafunikira kuthiridwa magazi kapena kuchitidwa opaleshoni.
Mu 46% ya milandu, kuwonjezeka kwakanthawi kwa michere ya chiwindi kunawonedwa.
Njira yothanirana ndi matenda a shuga 1 komanso njira yothetsera vuto la matenda am'mbuyomu ikhoza kukhala kubwezeretsanso kwa mabungwe a Langerhans, ogwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira zitatu izi:
Kupanga ma cell a embryonic ndi pancreatic stem, komanso ma cell a vitro P, kutsatiridwa ndi kupatsirana kwawo ndi immunosuppressive mankhwala kapena kudzipatula. Kusankha kwa wodwala maselo a wodwalayo kuchokera m'mphepete mwa mafupa ndi kukondoweza kwake kumasiyanitsa kukhala maselo a P-vitro. Komabe, sizinathebe kusanduliza maselo a tsinde la mafupa kukhala amtundu wa insulin. Kukopa kwa P-cell kubadwanso mu vivo. Kukopa kwa transdifferentiation kwama cell a atini ndi ma pancreatic ducts mu β-cell (nezidioblastosis) ndi kuchuluka kwawo mu vivo kumawerengedwa kuti ndi mwayi wothandiza kwambiri makamaka matenda a shuga.

Regenerative tiba ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala ena, kuphatikizira kuphatikiza kwa maliseche a Langerhans, cell ndi gene therapy, komanso kukondoweza kwa mankhwala a kuchuluka ndi kukondweretsedwa kwa maselo a P.Ndizotheka kuti mtsogolomo njira zonsezi zimalola kuchiritsa matendawa komanso funso loti matenda a shuga adzatha.
Ndi matenda a shuga 1
Chifukwa chakuti tsiku lililonse, madotolo otsogolera nthawi yathu amachita kafukufuku wapadziko lonse lapansi pokhudzana ndi kuphunzira za anthu odwala matenda ashuga komanso anthu omwe akhudzidwa ndi vutoli, titha kutchula magawo akuluakulu, kutsatira zomwe zingakhale zothandiza pakubwera kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba.
Kafukufuku wamaphunziro akuwonetsa kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 amamwalira asanabadwe kawiri kawiri kuposa anthu athanzi. Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, zizindikilo zotere ndi theka.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, omwe matenda awo amawonekera kuyambira azaka 14 ndi pambuyo pake, nthawi zambiri sangakhale ndi moyo mpaka zaka makumi asanu. Mukazindikira kuti matendawa adapezeka munthawi yake, ndipo wodwalayo akutsatira zomwe amupatsa, chiyembekezo chamoyo chimatenga nthawi yayitali bola kukhalapo kwa matenda ena ophatikizika kumalola. M'zaka zaposachedwa, mankhwala pazomwe akwanitsa kuchiza matenda oyamba a shuga adapita patali, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti anthu odwala matenda ashuga akhale ndi moyo wautali.
Chifukwa chiyani anthu odwala matenda ashuga amakhala nthawi yayitali? Cholinga chake chinali kupezeka kwa mankhwala atsopano kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Munda wa njira zina zochizira matendawa zikupezeka, insulin yapamwamba kwambiri imapangidwa. Chifukwa cha glucometer, odwala matenda ashuga amatha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mamolekyulu am'magazi mu seramu yamagazi osachoka kunyumba. Izi zachepetsa kwambiri chitukuko cha matendawa.
Pofuna kukonza kutalika ndi moyo wa wodwala wokhala ndi matenda oyamba a matenda ashuga, madokotala amalimbikitsa kutsatira mosamalitsa malamulowo.
Kuyang'anira tsiku ndi tsiku shuga.
Kupitilira muyeso wamagazi mkati mwa mitsempha.
Kumwa mankhwala a matenda ashuga okhazikitsidwa ndi dokotala, mwayi wokambirana ndi dokotala kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zamankhwala zodalirika.
Kutsatira kwambiri zakudya mu shuga.
Kusankha mosamala kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kutha kupewa zinthu zovuta komanso zovuta.
Kusanthula mosamala kaimidwe ka tsiku ndi tsiku, kuphatikiza kudya panthawi yake komanso kugona.
Kutsatira malamulowa, kukhazikitsidwa kwawo monga chikhalidwe cha moyo, kumatha kukhala chitsimikizo cha moyo wautali komanso thanzi labwino.
Type 2 shuga
Kenako, talingalirani kuchuluka komwe amakhala ndi matenda ashuga a 2. Munthu akapezeka ndi matenda a shuga a sekondale, ayenera kuphunzira momwe angakhalire mosiyanasiyana, ayambe kuyang'anira thanzi lake.
Kuti tichite izi, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Njira imodzi yolembera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu ndikusintha zakudya zanu:
idyani pang'onopang'ono
kutsatira zakudya zochepa za glycemic,
osamadya asanagone
imwani zamadzi zambiri.
Njira yachiwiri ndiynjira, kukwera njinga, kusambira padziwe. Musaiwale kumwa mankhwala. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira umphumphu wa khungu m'dera la phazi tsiku ndi tsiku. Pankhani ya mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kumayesedwa kwathunthu ndi akatswiri kangapo pachaka.
Kutalika Kwa Moyo
Kodi vuto la shuga limakhala lotani ndipo anthu amakhala nalo nthawi yayitali bwanji? Wocheperako akabwera wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti matendawo amayambiranso. Matenda a shuga omwe amawonekera ali mwana amachepetsa kwambiri kukhala ndi moyo.
Kutalika kwa moyo wa matenda ashuga kumakhudzidwa ndi kusuta, matenda oopsa, cholesterol yayikulu komanso kuchuluka kwa mamolekyulu a seramu.Ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kuchuluka kwa zaka za odwala matenda ashuga sikungatchulidwe, chifukwa zimatengera umunthu wa wodwalayo, kuchuluka kwake komanso mtundu wa matendawa. Ndi anthu angati omwe ali ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a shuga omwe amakhala?
Mtundu 1 wa shuga umakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji
Chiyembekezo chamoyo wa matenda ashuga 1 chimatengera chakudya, maphunziro a thupi, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ofunikira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito insulin.
Kuyambira pomwe matenda a shuga amtunduwu amadziwika, munthu amatha kukhala ndi moyo pafupifupi zaka makumi atatu. Munthawi imeneyi, wodwalayo amatha kudwala matenda a mtima ndi impso, omwe amachepetsa zaka zomwe angakhale ndi moyo ndipo amatha kufa.
Matenda a shuga amawonekera asanafike zaka makumi atatu. Koma, ngati mutsatira malingaliro a adotolo ndikutsatira moyo wabwinobwino, mutha kukhala ndi moyo zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi.
Posachedwa, pakhala pakuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa zaka za anthu odwala matenda ashuga oyambira zaka 70, kapena kupitirira apo. Izi ndichifukwa chakudya chamagulu oyenera, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo panthawi yoyenera, kudziletsa pazomwe muli ndi shuga ndikusamalidwa kwanu.
Kwakukulu, pafupifupi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amuna amachepetsedwa ndi zaka khumi ndi ziwiri, wamkazi - wazaka makumi awiri. Komabe, sizingatheke kudziwa nthawi yeniyeni, chifukwa pankhani iyi chilichonse ndichokhudza munthu payekha.
Kodi akhala nthawi yayitali atakhala ndi matenda ashuga a 2?
Matenda a sekondale a shuga amadziwika kawirikawiri kuposa oyambira. Uwu ndi matenda a anthu achikulire azaka zopitilira 50. Matenda amtunduwu amakhudza kwambiri mkhalidwe wa impso ndi mtima, womwe umabweretsa kufa msanga. Komabe, ndi mtundu wamtunduwu, anthu amakhala ndi moyo wautali, womwe umachepera pafupifupi zaka zisanu. Komabe, kupita patsogolo kwamavuto osiyanasiyana kumapangitsa anthu otere kukhala olumala. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amafunika kutsatira zakudya pafupipafupi, kuwunikira mayendedwe a shuga ndi zitsenderezo, kusiya zizolowezi zoipa.
Mtundu woyamba wa shuga mu ana
Ana amangopeza matenda ashuga oyamba. Zochitika zaposachedwa zamankhwala sizingathe kuchiritsa matenda ashuga mwa mwana. Komabe, pali mankhwala omwe amathandizira kukhazikika kwa thanzi komanso kuchuluka kwa mamolekyulu a shuga m'magazi.
Ntchito yayikulu ndikuzindikira koyambirira kwa matendawa m'mwana, mpaka isanayambike zovuta zina. Kupitilira apo, kuyang'anira njira zamankhwala ndikofunikira kumatha kutsimikizira kupitiliza kwa mwana. Ndipo zoneneratu pankhaniyi zidzakhala zabwino.
Ngati matenda a matenda ashuga amapezeka mwa makanda mpaka zaka eyiti, ndiye kuti ana otere amakhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 30. Matenda akayamba kuchitika atakula kwambiri, mwayi wokhala ndi mwana wotalikirapo umawonjezeka. Achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda omwe amawonekera ali ndi zaka makumi awiri amatha kukhala ndi zaka 70, pomwe m'mbuyomu, odwala matenda ashuga adangokhala zaka zochepa.
Sianthu onse omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe amayamba kulandira ma jakisoni a insulin. Ambiri aiwo sangathe kusankha kwanthawi yayitali ndikupitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apiritsi. Jakisoni wa insulin ndi thandizo lamphamvu pa matenda ashuga oyamba komanso a sekondale. Pokhapokha ngati insulin yolondola komanso kumwa mankhwala atengedwa, jakisoni amatumizidwa pa nthawi, insulin imatha kukhalabe ndi shuga pamlingo woyenera, imathandizira kupewa zovuta komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali, mpaka zaka makumi asanu ndi anayi.
Mwachidule, mawu omalizirawo amadzitsimikizira kuti ndizowona, zabwinobwino, komanso kutalika kokhala ndi matenda ashuga. Chofunikira chokhala ndi moyo wautali ndikutsatira malamulo omveka bwino omwe dokotala amapereka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
Momwe mungakhalire ndi matenda a shuga 1?
Maphunziro a odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amachitika chaka chilichonse.Chifukwa chake, mayendedwe amoyo a mtundu woyamba wa shuga angatchulidwe.
Ngati titatembenukira ku magwero ovomerezeka, timakhulupirira kuti kufa msanga m'magulu a anthu odwala matenda ashuga a 1st amalembedwa kawiri kawiri kawiri kuposa anthu athanzi. Mu shuga mellitus madigiri 2, izi zikuwonetsa kuti theka.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero, anthu odwala matenda a shuga a grade 1 azaka zapakati pa 14 ndi 35 samakhala ndi zaka 50 zakubadwa. Koma ngati mutazindikira matendawa munthawi yake ndikutsatira zonse zomwe dokotalayo walamula, ndiye kuti kuwonjezera moyo ndizowona. Apanso, tikayamba kuwerengera, titha kuwona mfundo zotsatirazi:
Ngati tingayerekeze ndi 1965, kuchuluka kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga a 1 degree kutsika kuchokera 35% ndikukwera mpaka 11%.
Ngati tizingolankhula za matenda a shuga a 2, ndiye kuti kufa kumeneku kunachepa kwambiri.
Izi ndichifukwa choti chaka chilichonse mankhwala atsopano olimbana ndi matenda a shuga amawoneka, njira zina zochiritsira zimapangidwa, ndipo insulin imapangidwa. Zipangizo zodziwonera kuchuluka kwa shuga zomwe munthu aliyense angathe kupeza zachepetsa kwambiri kukula kwa matenda.
Pofotokoza za matenda amtundu woyamba wa shuga, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ngati matendawa afikiratu achinyamata, makamaka achinyamata ndi ana, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo cha kufa msanga. Izi zimachitikanso chifukwa chakuti mwana sangathe kuwongolera zakudya zomwe amadya, ndipo makolo sangakhale pafupi nthawi zonse. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwerengera magazi samayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, mphindi yovuta ndiyosaphonya.
Kodi chimapangitsa moyo kukhala wotani?
Palibe dokotala amene angayankhe funsoli molondola: Kodi munthu amene ali ndi matenda ngati amenewa amakhala ndi moyo wotani? Ndizosatheka kuneneratu zomwe zingayambitse zotsatira zoyipa. Koma mutha kukulitsa moyo wanu, ingogwiritsitsani malingaliro otsatirawa:
Tsatirani chithandizo choyenera. Izi zimaphatikizapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi phytotherapy, ndi njira zina zochiritsira. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo onse a endocrinologist, apo ayi munthu azitha kupitilira zaka 45. Izi ndichifukwa choti, ngati chithandizo cholondola sichikuchitika, kulephera kwa impso kumatha kukula, komwe nthawi zina kumagwirizana ndi moyo.
Kuyang'anira shuga nthawi zonse. Ngati mumayang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi mkodzo, mutha kupewa mfundo zambiri zovuta. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti patatha zaka 23 njira zomwe zimayenderana ndi matenda a shuga mthupi sizisintha. Pakadali pano, pakhoza kukhala chiopsezo cha stroke ndi gangore. Chifukwa chake, kuyang'anira magazi ndi mkodzo pafupipafupi ndikofunikira.
Kugwirizana ndi boma. Tsogolo la odwala matenda ashuga ndi kukhala mokhazikika malinga ndi dongosolo. Zoletsa pafupipafupi zimawonekera m'moyo wa munthu wodwala: mu chakudya, kulimbitsa thupi, mumaganizo.
Musachite mantha. Uyu ndiye mdani wowopsa wa munthu wodwala.
Kuzindikira, zovuta komanso malingaliro a chithandizo cha matenda amtundu wa 1 ana
Matenda a shuga - Matenda ofala kwambiri a endocrine mwa ana ndi achinyamata. Nthawi zambiri, achinyamata ochepera zaka 18 amadwala mtundu 1 shuga.
Matenda a shuga ndikulimbana kosatha kwa seramu glucose. Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osakhazikika komanso opita patsogolo, omwe popanda chithandizo chokwanira nthawi zonse amatsogolera kuti wodwalayo amwalira msanga, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti munthu akaganize kuti ali ndi matendawo panthawi yake ndikuwonetsetsa.
Kuyambika koyambira kwamankhwala kumathandizira kuti wodwalayo akhale ndi moyo wabwino komanso kuti azichita bwino.
Etiology ya matenda
Gulu lamavuto
Zizindikiro za matendawa
Zizindikiro
Chithandizo
Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga mu ana: zapamwamba
Zakudya