Opaleshoni yamapamba: kodi ndiwopseza moyo ndipo zingakhale zovuta ziti?

Zikondazo zimadziwika ndi malo osokoneza bongo kwambiri opaleshoni yamankhwala. Kulowerera kulikonse kungayambitse zovuta zingapo - kutulutsa magazi, kutupa, kutulutsa kwa purulent, kutulutsa ma enzymes kupitirira malire a gawo lachiberekero ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zozungulira. Opaleshoni ya pancreatic ndiwowonjezera, ndipo amangochitidwa pokhapokha ngati sizotheka kutero popanda nkhani yopulumutsa moyo wa wodwalayo.

Kufunika ndi contraindication opaleshoni mankhwala

Kondomu imagwirizanitsidwa kwambiri ndi duodenum 12, chikhodzodzo, chifukwa chake, matenda amtunduwu am'mimba angapangire zofanana. Kuzindikira kosiyanitsa ndikofunikira kutifotokozere bwino komwe kunayambitsa vuto.

Sikuti matenda onse a kapamba amafuna opaleshoni. Njira zochizira zochotsekera zimayendetsa bwino ena. Pali zisonyezo zingapo zopanda malire komanso zachibale za opaleshoni ya pancreatic.

Ma tumor ndi ma cysts omwe amalepheretsa kutuluka kwa glandular secretion ndipo, nthawi zina, pancreatitis yovuta kwambiri, imafunikira opaleshoni. Matenda otsatirawa amafuna opaleshoni yodzidzimutsa:

• pachimake kapamba, limodzi ndi necrotization (imfa) ya minofu,
• zotupa zotuluka,
• kuvulala kovuta ndi magazi amkati.

Opaleshoni ya kapamba imathanso kuchitika ngati vuto lalikulu la matendawa, lomwe limatsatana ndi kupweteka kwambiri.

Miyala yomwe ili mu kanyumba koyambirira koyambirira imayesedwa kuti ichotsedwe ndi njira zosungira, komabe, ngati mawonekedwe ake ndiakulu, ndiye njira yokhayo yowachotsera ndikuchita opareshoni.

Mtundu 2 komanso matenda a shuga 1, kuthandizira kwa dokotala kungafunike pamavuto akulu: mavuto a mtima, nephropathy, kuphatikizapo patsogolo.

Pancreas anatomical mbali

Zikondamoyo zimapangidwa, ndipo zimapezeka m'mimba kumbuyo. Misonkhano ikuluikulu, thupi lomwe limakhala ngati chipilala chachikulu komanso mchira wa gland limasiyanitsidwa ndi kapangidwe kazinthuzo. Amakhala pafupi ndi ziwalo zambiri (impso zakumanja, kutulutsa kwa adrenal, duodenum, ndulu, vena cava, aorta). Chifukwa cha makonzedwe ovuta awa, opaleshoni yapachikopa imafuna ntchito yovuta kwambiri kuchokera kwa dokotala.

Mitundu ya kulowererapo kwa opaleshoni yaziphuphu

Kutengera ndi matenda omwe mankhwalawa amachitika, pali njira zingapo zomwe mungachitire opareshoni:

• kuchotsa minofu yakufa
• gawo kapena gawo lathunthu la chiwalo,
• kukhetsa kwa chotupa kapena katemera,
• kuchotsedwa kwa mabala ndi miyala, zotupa m'mimba,
• kufalitsa tiziwalo.

Kuchitapo kanthu kumatha kuchitidwa ndi njira yotseguka, pamene dokotala afika ku cholowa chogwiritsidwa ntchito kudzera pachiwopsezo cha khoma lam'mimba komanso m'chigawo chovuta. Njira zowononga zowopsa zomwe zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito (izi zimaphatikizapo opaleshoni yotsitsa kupumira ndi ma laparoscopy), pamene maopareshoni amachitidwa kudzera mmakina am'mimba.

Pamaso pa matenda a gallstone, opaleshoni yokhala ndi pancreatitis yachilendo imatha kuchitika palimodzi ndi ndulu ya ndulu. Kufunika kochotsa opaleshoni kumachitika chifukwa chakuti popanda kutuluka kwachizolowezi, bile limalowa m'matumba a pancreatic, chinsinsi cha glandular stagnates mwa iwo, ndipo kutupa kumachitika. Izi sizowopsa kwa thanzi lokha, komanso kwa wodwala.

Mosasamala kanthu za magwiridwe antchito, pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta. Makamaka, kutsekeka kwa kutsekeka kwa ndulu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa minyewa yaying'ono kumatha. Pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni yodwala chifuwa chachikulu, pofuna kupewa kutulutsa tiziwalo tomwe timayandikira, bedi la postoperative limatsitsidwa kwathunthu monga momwe tingathere, koma chiopsezo chokhala ndi chotupa chikadalipo.

Mavuto opaleshoni

Mavuto a opaleshoni ya kapamba chifukwa cha kusachitika kwa kapamba kwa dokotala wa opaleshoni. Nthawi zambiri, kuchitapo kanthu kotereku kumachitika molingana ndi zisonyezo zofunika kwambiri, ndiye kuti, pamene kuwopseza moyo wa wodwalayo kukupitirira zoopsa za njira yochizira. Zowopsa sizoyendetsa zokha, komanso nthawi yovuta yogwira ntchito.

Nthawi yogwira ntchito

M'masiku ochepa atangopanga opaleshoni, wodwalayo amapatsidwa zakudya zapadera pogwiritsa ntchito dontho. Pambuyo masiku atatu, mutha kumwa, kenako kudya zakudya zosaphika zamadzimadzi popanda kuwonjezera mchere, zonunkhira ndi shuga.

Ngati kuchotsedwa kwathunthu kapena pang'ono kwa kanyengoyi kwachitika, wodwalayo ayenera kudya ma enzyme okugaya chakudya ndi chakudya.

Zomwe zimagwirira ntchito ndikuwonetsa

Tikafunsidwa ngati opaleshoni yapancreatic yachitika, yankho ndi inde. Komabe, kudukiza kumachitika chifukwa cha zovuta zamankhwala. Ngati pali mwayi umodzi wopewa njirayi, madokotala adzaugwiritsa ntchito.

Zikondazo nthawi yomweyo zimatanthauzira m'mimba ndi endocrine system, yomwe ili ndi magawo atatu - mchira, mutu ndi thupi.

Popeza zikondamoyo zimakhala ndi timinyewa tating'ono komanso tolumikizana, timakhala tambiri tomwe timakhala ndi ma ducts ndi mitsempha yamagazi, izi zimasokoneza zovuta, zimawonjezera mwayi wokhetsa magazi, kupezeka kwa fistulas.

Chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa magazi limodzi ndi duodenum 12, pazojambula zina, kuchotsa ziwalo ziwiri ndikofunikira, ngakhale gawo limodzi lokha lingakhudzidwe.

Opaleshoniyo ili ndi zovuta zake, chifukwa mkati mwake muli pafupi ndi kofunikira zomangira. Izi zikuphatikizapo chipata cha impso, aorta, ducts ya bile, vena cava, mitsempha. Pakhoza kukhala zovuta chifukwa cha opareshoni. Mwachitsanzo, ma enzyme opangidwa ndi chakudya amatha kuchita zinthu mwamtopola minofu yawo.

Mukam'chita opaleshoni ziwalo zapafupi pali chiopsezo chokhala ndi pancreatitis pachimake.

Opaleshoni yamankhwala okhala ndi ziphuphu ali ndi izi:

• Pachimake yotupa njira, peritonitis, minofu necrosis.
• Pathologies omwe amadziwika ndi zovuta zambiri za purulent.
• Mapangidwe a calcifying mu bile ducts a kapamba.
• Chotupa, limodzi ndi kupweteka kwambiri.
• Matenda a kapamba pamsana pa ululu waukulu.
• Tumor neoplasms yovulaza ndi yosaoneka chikhalidwe.
• Pancreatic necrosis.

Zida zamkati zimafunikira kuyenda moyenera ndi madokotala. Chifukwa chake, opaleshoniyo imachitika pokhapokha pakuwonekera kwa zidziwitso zofunika, pamene chithandizo chokhazikika chimayambitsa kulephera.

Mitundu ya njira zopangira opaleshoni

Kuthandizira opaleshoni kumachitika mogwirizana ndi mapulani kapena malinga ndi zadzidzidzi zadzidzidzi. Pamaso pa zizindikiro za peritonitis, magazi, kuchepa kwa magazi sikuletsedwa. Chizindikiro chokwanira mwadzidzidzi ndi mtundu wa necotic wa pancreatitis, womwe umayendera limodzi ndi zotupa za purulent.

Opaleshoni yodwala pancreatic necrosis - lotseguka laparotomy, necrectomy (chotsani necrotic minofu), zotulutsira bedi la postoperative. Nthawi zambiri, pakapita nthawi yochepa, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya laparoscopic kachiwiri, chifukwa ndikofunikira kuchotsera minofu yakufa mobwerezabwereza.

Pancreatic Frey ndiye njira yotchuka kwambiri yochitira opaleshoni. Njirayi imapanganso mutu wa chiwalocho, pomwe duodenum imasungidwa.

1. Kuchotsa gland (resection) ndichinthu chovuta kwambiri kuchita opaleshoni chomwe chimafuna dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito, chifukwa adokotala nthawi zambiri amapanga zisankho zofunikira panthawi ya opaleshoni. Opaleshoni imatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji? Pafupifupi, zimatenga maola 7-16.
2. Subtotal pancreatectomy - chotsani gawo limodzi lamkati. Katsala gawo laling'ono, lomwe lili pa duodenum.
3. Pancreatectomy yathunthu - chotsani kapamba kotheratu, pomwe dera la duodenum likugwidwa. Zilonda zopweteka, pafupipafupi kufooka kwa kapamba. Popewa kuyambiranso kwathunthu pancreatitis, peritoneal dialysis tikulimbikitsidwa.
4. Mankhwala othandizira othandizira ma cysts amachitika pogwiritsa ntchito laparoscopy. Ubwino: wolekeredwa bwino, zovuta pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni pa kapamba zimayamba kusowa kwambiri. Ndondomeko ikuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi ultrasound scan.

Kulowa kwa matenda a shuga a pancreatic kumathandiza kukonza njira za metabolic. Pancreatic transplantation amachitika kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndikusintha kwa timadzi tating'onoting'ono timaselo timaselo. Nthawi zambiri, ntchito zotere zimachitika kuchipatala chayokha, mtengo umasiyanasiyana. Osamachita nthawi yapakati.

Kulowerera koteroko ndikofunikira chifukwa shuga imayambitsa kukula kwa zovuta za matenda ashuga - odwala amakhala akhungu, akuvutika ndi kulephera kwamitsempha, matenda am'mimba, komanso kusokonezeka kwa mtima. Mauthenga osiyanasiyana a madokotala okhudzana ndi mavutowa amatha kupezeka pa intaneti.

Njira zopangira opaleshoni:

• Wodwalayo amalandira opaleshoni ndi minyewa yopuma.
• Kuwulula kwa kapamba.
• Kuchotsa madzimadzi amthupi kuchikwama chomata chomwe chimalekanitsa chiwalo ndi m'mimba.
• Kukhazikika pamasamba.
• Kutsegula ndi kubudula kwa hematomas.
• Ngati pali pancreatic chophukacho, ndiye kuti ma suture amapangidwa m'malo owonongeka, ndipo ma dancts a pancreatic amawotchera.
• Ndi zovuta ndi mchira, gawo limamasulidwa.
• Ngati zosintha zakhudza mutu, chotsani gawo ndi gawo la duodenum.
• Kukhetsa mabokosi onyamula.

Kuchita opaleshoni kwa madokotala kutha kuchitika kudzera necondolaomy - minofu yakufa imapukusidwa, kuchotsedwako (kuchotsedwa kwathunthu kapena pang'ono), ngalande zamatumbo ndi cystic neoplasms.

Kodi kufunika kochita opaleshoni kumayamba liti?

Kufunika kwa chithandizo cha opaleshoni ya kapamba (kapamba) kumawoneka ngati kuli pachiwopsezo cha moyo, komanso ngati mukulephera kwa chithandizo chamankhwala cham'mbuyomu.

Zisonyezero zopangira opaleshoni zikuphatikizapo:

• kapamba pachimake ndi kuwonjezeka kwa edema, osagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala,
• mavuto a matendawa - kapamba, neorrosis, hemorrhagic kapamba, chifuwa, pseudocyst, fistula,
• yaitali pancreatitis yayitali yokhala ndi kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka minofu: atrophy, fibrosis kapena ducts (defuction, stenosis) ndi kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa ntchito,
• kuphwanya patency ya ma ducts chifukwa cha calculi yomwe ilipo,
• mawonekedwe oyipa ndi oyipa,
• kuvulala.

Zovuta pakuchita opaleshoni yam'mimba

Mawonekedwe a anatomical kapangidwe kake ndi malo apamwamba a kapamba kumayambitsa chiopsezo cha zovuta zoopsa pamoyo pamimba.

The organ parenchyma imakhala ndi glandular komanso yolumikizana minofu, imakhala yolumikizana kwa mitsempha yamagazi ndi ma ducts. Minofu ya ndulu ndi yosalimba, yofowoka: izi zimapukusira msana, njira yocheperako imatalika, magazi amatha kumachitika pa opareshoni.

Chifukwa cha kuyandikira kwa gland ya ziwalo zofunika zakudya zam'mimba ndi ziwiya zazikulu (aorta, apamwamba komanso otsika kwambiri a vena cava, mitsempha ndi mitsempha ya impso yakumanzere yomwe ili pamalo amchira wa pancreatic), pali chiopsezo cha madzi a pancreatic omwe amalowa pabedi lamitsempha ndi chitukuko cha ziwopsezo kapena ziwalo zoyandikana nawo kuwonongeka kwakukuru chifukwa cha chimbudzi ndi ma enzymes akhama. Izi zimachitika pamene chithaphwi kapena zomangira zake zowonongeka.

Chifukwa chake, opaleshoni iliyonse yam'mimba imachitidwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe okhwima, pambuyo pakupenda bwino ndikukonzekera wodwalayo.

Zovuta zomwe zingayambike chifukwa cholowerera pang'ono

Kuphatikiza pa kuchitapo kanthu pochita opaleshoni yamakedzana, njira zochizira zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a pancreatic. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• laparoscopy
• radiosurgery - kuyang'ana kwa matendawa kumakhudzidwa ndi ma radiation amphamvu kudzera mu mpeni wa cyber, njirayi sikufuna kulumikizana ndi khungu,
• cryosurgery - chotupa kuzizira,
• opaleshoni ya laser
• okhazikika a ultrasound.

Kuphatikiza pa cyber-mpeni ndi laparoscopy, matekinoloje onse amachitidwa kudzera pa kafukufuku wokhazikitsidwa mu lumen wa duodenum.

Mankhwalawa laparoscopy, 2 kapena kuposerapo inchi ya 0,5-1 masentimita amapangidwa pa khoma lakunja kwam'mimba kuti akhazikitse laparoscope yokhala ndi eyewear ndi zida zowonetsera - zida zapadera zothandizira opaleshoni. Kupita patsogolo kwa operekera malingana ndi chithunzi chomwe chikuwoneka pazenera kumawongoleredwa.

Posachedwa, njira yopanda magazi pogwiritsa ntchito x-ray endoscope ndi echo endoscope yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi. Chida chapadera chokhala ndi mawonekedwe amaso amodzi chimayikidwa kudzera mkamwa kulowa mu duodenum ndikuwonetsa ma pancreatic ducts kapena chikhodzodzo cha ndulu. Ngati ndi kotheka, stent imayikidwa mumkono womwe umatsekedwa kapena kutsekedwa ndi mwala kapena kuwayika, kuwerengera kumachotsedwa, patency imabwezeretseka.

Pokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba kwambiri, njira zonse zowukira komanso zopanda magazi ndizothandiza pogwiritsa ntchito njira yabwino yolowerera ndi katswiri woyenera. Koma ngakhale zitakhala choncho, zovuta zina zimakhalapo kwa dokotala chifukwa cha:

• ndikusowa kwa malo owakwanira,
• ndi kulumikizana mwachisawawa pokonza,
• ndi kulephera kuyang'anira zochita mwachindunji mu opareshoni.

Chifukwa chake, zovuta pambuyo pa opaleshoni yochitidwa modekha ndizosowa kwambiri motere:

• magazi akutupa
• matenda
• kukula kwa chitupa kapena mapangidwe abodza.

Pochita, kusiyana pakati pa njira zowononga zachilengedwe komanso zosasokoneza ku laparotomy ndi:

• pakalibe zovuta
• otetezeka
• mwachidule chithandizo kuchipatala,
• pokonzanso mwachangu.

Njira izi zalandira ndemanga zabwino kuchokera kwa akatswiri ndipo zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiritsa ana.

Kodi moyo wa opaleshoni yamachamba ndiwopseza?

Matenda a kapamba amapita patsogolo. Nthawi zambiri, kudwala kumakhala kosavomerezeka m'moyo: ngati mwadzidzidzi matenda, chithandizo kapena vuto lalikulu lingaphe. Ndikofunikira kuchita opaleshoni posachedwa ndizowonetsa.

Kuthandizira opaleshoni ndi njira yovuta komanso yotalikilapo ndipo, malinga ndi ziwerengero, zimaperekedwa ndi anthu ambiri akufa. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti ndizowopsa kugwira ntchito. Matenda a kapamba ndiwofunika kwambiri mwakuti mwatsatanetsatane wa opaleshoni kuti apulumutse moyo ndi thanzi ndizosatheka kukana chithandizo champhamvu. Munthawi ya opaleshoni yamankhwala, mungathe kulosera zam'tsogolo za wodwalayo ndi zovuta zake.

Kusamalidwa pachipatala

Mu nthawi ya ntchito, kuwonongeka chifukwa cha zovuta zadzidzidzi kumatha kuchitika.Chofala kwambiri mwa izi ndi pancreatitis yovuta kwambiri, makamaka ngati opaleshoni yafalikira ku duodenum (duodenum), m'mimba, kapena zala za ndulu ndi kapamba. Zimachitika ngati pancreatic necrosis: wodwalayo amayamba kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba, kutentha thupi, kusanza, leukocytosis, kukweza ESR, amylase wambiri komanso shuga. Zizindikirozi ndizotsatira kuchotsedwa kwa gawo la kapamba kapena ziwalo zapafupi. Amawonetsa kuti pakhala njira yotulutsa purifiyumu, ndipo mwala kapena mwendo wamagazi umathanso kuchoka.

Kuphatikiza pa pancreatitis yovuta, pali chiopsezo cha zovuta zina za postoperative. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• magazi
• peritonitis
• hepatic-aimpso kulephera,
• kapamba,
• matenda ashuga.

Popeza amatha kutukuka kwawo, atangochita opaleshoni, wodwalayo amalowa m'chipinda chothandizira kwambiri. Masana akuwoneka. Zizindikiro zofunika zimayang'aniridwa: kuthamanga kwa magazi, ECG, kugunda kwa mtima, kutentha kwa thupi, hemodynamics, shuga yamagazi, hematocrit, kuwerengetsa kwamkodzo.

Mukakhala m'chipinda chothandizira kwambiri, wodwala amapatsidwa chakudya No. 0 - njala yonse. Kumwa kokha ndikololedwa - mpaka malita awiri mu mawonekedwe amadzi amchere opanda mpweya, msuzi wa rosehip, tiyi wofooka, komanso compote. Momwe mumafunikira kumwa madzi ambiri, adokotala amawerengera. Kubwezeretsanso kwa mapuloteni ofunikira, mafuta ndi chakudya kumachitika kudzera mwa kholo la mapuloteni apadera, shuga-mchere lipid njira. Kuchuluka kwama voliyumu ndi kapangidwe kake kamawerengedwa ndi dokotala aliyense payekha kwa wodwala aliyense.

Ngati vutolo lakhazikika, wodwalayo amasamutsidwa kudipatimenti yopanga opaleshoni atatha maola 24. Pamenepo, chithandizo china, chisamaliro chimachitika, zakudya zamafuta zimayikidwa kuchokera tsiku lachitatu. Mankhwala othandizira, kuphatikiza zakudya zapadera, amadziwikanso payekhapayekha, poganizira opaleshoni, mkhalidwe, ndi kukhalapo kwa zovuta.

M'chipatala wodwala amakhala nthawi yayitali. Kutalika kwa nthawi kumatengera matenda ndi kuchuluka kwa opereshoni. Osachepera miyezi iwiri ndikofunikira kubwezeretsa chimbudzi. Munthawi imeneyi, zakudya zimasinthidwa, shuga wamagazi ndi ma enzymes amawongolera komanso kusinthidwa. Popeza kuperewera kwa enzyme ndi hyperglycemia kungachitike pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mankhwala othandizira olowa ndi encyme ndi mankhwala a hypoglycemic. Kusamalidwa kwa postoperative ndikofunikira monga opaleshoni yopambana. Zimatengera momwe mtsogolo munthu adzakhalire ndikumva.

Wodwala amamuika khola kuti azitha kuchira pang'onopang'ono. Pakadali pano, makina ake ogaya adasinthidwa kukhala dziko latsopano, ndikugwira ntchito kwake kwabwezeretseka. Malangizowa akuwunikira njira zoyenera zokonzanso, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso zakudya. Amakambirana ndi wodwalayo njira zomwe ayenera kudya, zomwe angadye kuti asadzayambenso.

Kukonzanso odwala

Nthawi yakukonzanso pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni pa kapamba imatha kumasiyanasiyana. Zimatengera matenda, kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwakanthawi kochitidwa, matenda oyanjana ndi moyo. Ngati chithandizo cha opaleshoni chidachitika chifukwa cha kupindika kwambiri kwa kapamba kapena khansa ya kapamba ndi kuphatikizika kwathunthu kwa kapamba ndi ziwalo zoyandikana kuchitidwa, ndiye kuti zimatenga miyezi yambiri kubwezeretsa thupi, ena pachaka. Pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, muyenera kukhala osasamala, kutsatira zakudya zokhwima, kumamwa mankhwala okhazikika.

Kunyumba, munthu amamva kufooka kosalekeza, kutopa, kuperewera. Ichi ndi chinthu chabwinobwino pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni yayikulu. Ndikofunikira kutsatira boma ndikupeza malire pakati pa zochita ndi nthawi yopuma.

M'milungu iwiri yoyamba atachotsedwa, kupumula kwathunthu (mwakuthupi ndi m'maganizo), zakudya ndi mankhwala zimayikidwa. Njira yocheperako imatanthawuza kupumula kwamadzulo, kusowa nkhawa komanso kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro. Kuwerenga, ntchito zapakhomo, kuwonera wailesi yakanema sikuyenera kuwonjezera mkwiyo.

Mutha kupita pafupifupi milungu iwiri. Kuyenda mu mpweya watsopano wokhala ndi phokoso ndikulimbikitsidwa, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera nthawi yawo. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumalimbitsa thanzi, kumalimbitsa mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi, kumawonjezera chilimbikitso.

Ndikotheka kutseka pepala lolemala ndikubwerera kuntchito itatha miyezi itatu. Koma iyi sinthawi yokwanira - zonse zimatengera mkhalidwe waumoyo komanso zipatala ndi ma labotale. Mwa odwala ena, izi zimachitika kale. Pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni yayikulu chifukwa cha kulephera kugwira ntchito, ambiri amapatsidwa gulu la olumala kwa chaka chimodzi. Munthawi imeneyi, wodwalayo amakhala, kutsatira zakudya, kukonza, kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kukumana ndi njira zolimbitsa thupi. Gastroenterologist kapena othandizira amayang'ana wodwalayo, amawunika magawo a ma cell a magazi ndi mkodzo, ndikusintha chithandizo. Wodwalayo amayendanso ndi katswiri wokhudzana ndi endocrine pathology: atagwira ntchito zazikuluzikulu zikondwerero, shuga imayamba. Momwe adzakhalire bwino nthawi ino zimadalira kutsatira kwathunthu madokotala.

Pambuyo pa nthawi yoikika, wodwalayo amadutsanso MSEC (akatswiri azachipatala komanso akatswiri azachipatala), yomwe imawunikira vuto loti abwerere ku ntchito. Ngakhale kubwezeretsanso kuthupi komanso maubwenzi, anthu ambiri adzafunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amoyo, kudzilimbitsa okha pakudya.

Chithandizo cha postoperative

Njira zamankhwala zochiritsira zimapangidwira ndi dokotala ataphunzirira kaye mayeso asanachitike ndi opaleshoniyo, poganizira momwe wodwalayo alili. Ngakhale kuti thanzi la anthu komanso thanzi lathunthu zimadalira njira yosankhidwa ya opaleshoni komanso mtundu wa njira zothandizira kukonzanso, kufa pambuyo pochita opaleshoni kumakhalabe kokulirapo. Kusankha njira yoyenera yamankhwala ndikofunika osati kungokulitsa zizindikiro zofunika, komanso kupewa kutenganso matendawa, khazikitsani chikhululukiro.

Ngakhale kuchipatala, wodwalayo amawerengera njira yochiritsira ngati ma enzyme ndi insulini, ndipo amawerengera pafupipafupi. Mtsogolomo, dokotala wa gastroenterologist komanso endocrinologist amasintha mankhwalawa. Mwambiri, uwu ndi chithandizo cha moyo wonse.

Nthawi yomweyo, wodwalayo amatenga mankhwala angapo a magulu osiyanasiyana:

• antispasmodics ndi analgesics (pamaso pa zowawa),
• IPP - proton pump zoletsa,
• hepatoprotectors (ngati chiwindi chayamba kugwira ntchito),
• zomwe zimakhudza chisangalalo,
• sinthala pansi
• multivitamini ndi mchere,
• sedative, antidepressants.

Mankhwala onse amathandizidwa ndi adokotala, amasinthanso.

Chofunikira pakuchiritsira vutoli ndikusinthidwa kwamoyo: kukana mowa ndi zina zomwe mumakonda (kusuta).

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndichimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pa chithandizo chovuta. Kulosera kwina kumatengera kutsatira kwambiri zakudyazi: ngakhale kuphwanya pang'ono zakudya m'thupi kungayambitsenso matenda. Chifukwa chake, ziletso pazakudya, kukana kumwa mowa ndi kusuta fodya ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti munthu akhululukidwe.

Kutulutsidwa kuchokera kuchipatala, chakudya chimafanana ndi tebulo Nambala 5P malinga ndi Pevzner, njira yoyamba, mu mawonekedwe opikika (miyezi iwiri), ndikayamba kuchotsedwa, amasintha kukhala Nambala 5P, njira yachiwiri, mawonekedwe osasenda (miyezi 6-12). M'tsogolomu, kuikidwa kwa tebulo nambala 1 m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndikotheka.

Kuti achire pa opaleshoniyo, zoletsa zovuta za chakudya ziyenera kuchitika kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. M'tsogolomu, zakudya zimakula, kusintha kwa zakudya kumachitika, zinthu zatsopano zimayambitsidwa pang'onopang'ono. Chakudya choyenera:

• pafupipafupi komanso mosagwirizana - m'malo ochepa a 6-8 patsiku (pambuyo pake zosinthidwa: kuchuluka kwa chakudya kumachepetsedwa katatu pakudya zazakudya 2 pa tsiku),
• ofunda
• maziko osasintha,
• otentha kapena kuwira ndi kudyetsa.

Pa magawo onse a matendawa, kuphatikiza chikhululukiro, mafuta, okazinga, zonunkhira, mbale zosuta ndizoletsedwa. Kupanga menyu, matebulo apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chidziwitso cha mndandanda wazinthu zololedwa ndi zoletsedwa, zopatsa mphamvu.

Zosintha zilizonse zakudyazo ziyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi adokotala. Zakudya pambuyo pancreatic opaleshoni ziyenera kutsatiridwa moyo wonse.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi (LFK) ndi gawo lofunikira pakubwezeretsa thupi. Wosankhidwa pakukhululuka kwathunthu. Munthawi yovuta kwambiri komanso pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni kwa masabata awiri, zilizonse zolimbitsa thupi ndizoletsedwa. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizanso munthu kukhala wathanzi, thupi komanso malingaliro, zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito osati zikondamoyo zokha, komanso ziwalo zina zam'mimba, zimakometsa chakudya, zimachepetsa kugona, zimachepetsa kukokoloka, ndikuchotsa kuperewera kwa ndulu.

Masabata awiri atachoka, kuyenda ndikuloledwa, pambuyo pake dokotalayo amapereka mankhwala olimbitsa thupi ndi kudzilimbitsa nokha chifukwa cha kapamba ndi ziwalo zina zam'mimba. Kuphatikiza ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi m'mawa ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, kumalimbikitsa chimbudzi, kumalimbitsa thupi, ndikuwonjezera chikhululukiro.

Ndi angati omwe amakhala atachitidwa opaleshoni ya kanyumba?

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, anthu omwe amatsatira malangizo onse azachipatala amakhala nthawi yayitali. Khalidwe komanso chiyembekezo cha moyo zimadalira pa kulangidwa, boma lolinganizidwa bwino pantchito ndi kupumula, kudya, komanso kukana mowa. Ndikofunika kukhalabe ndi chikhululukiro ndikupewa kuyambiranso matendawo. Matenda ogwirizana, zaka, zochitika zopumira zimagwira ntchito. Ngati mukufuna ndikutsatira malamulo oyambira, munthu amamva wathanzi komanso wodala.

Kusamalira ana

Chifukwa cha chiwopsezo cha zovuta za wodwalayo opaleshoni, amasamutsidwa kumalo osamalira odwala ambiri. Patsiku loyamba pambuyo pa opareshoni, kuyang'anitsitsa kupanikizika, magwiridwe amthupi ndi amhemu, hematocrit ndi magazi, komanso magawo ena ofunikira amachitika.

Wodwalayo amasamutsidwa kumayesero am'nyumba akuyang'aniridwa pamalo omwe wodwalayo amakhala atakwanira, malinga ndi dokotala, kuchira.

Patsiku lachiwiri la wodwalayo atachitidwa opaleshoni, m'malo osakhazikika, amawasamutsa ku dipatimenti yopanga maopaleshoni, komwe chithandizo chovuta cha dokotala chopangira adokotala chikupitirirabe. Ogwira ntchito amapereka chisamaliro molingana ndi kuopsa kwa vutolo, momwe alowererepo komanso kupezeka kwa zovuta.

Zakudya zamankhwala

Zakudya ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukonzanso kwa odwala omwe akuchitidwa opaleshoni ya pancreatic. Masiku awiri oyamba omwe wodwala akuwonetsedwa ndi njala, tsiku lachitatu, mungathe kusintha zakudya zochepa.

Sabata yoyamba pambuyo pa opareshoni, muyenera kudya zakudya zonenepa, ndiye kuti mutha kuphatikiza zakudya zowiritsa muzakudya. Pakatha masiku 7- 7, ngati zomwe munthu wachita opaleshoniyo walola, zimaloledwa kudya nyama yopanda mafuta ndi nsomba zochepa. Kuyambira yokazinga, mafuta ndi zonunkhira, muyenera kupewa.

Mankhwala

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kumwa mankhwala okhala ndi ma enzymes kapena othandizira pakupanga kwawo. Mankhwalawa amathandizira kukonza magayidwe am'mimba ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta. Kulephera kumwa mankhwala kumabweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto:

• kuchuluka kwa mpweya,
• ukufalikira
• kutsegula m'mimba ndi kutentha kwa mtima.

Ngati kufalikira kwa chiwalo kwachitika, wodwalayo adzapatsidwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Izi ndizofunikira popewa kukanidwa.

Moyo pambuyo kuchotsa chiwalo kapena mbali yake

Pambuyo pakutsanulidwa kwathunthu kwa kapamba kapena kuchotsera gawo limodzi lokha, munthu amatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka zambiri, ngati chithandizo chokwanira chimaperekedwa, amamwa mankhwala omwe adokotala adayambitsa ndipo adye molondola.

Zikondazo zimachita mbali yofunika kwambiri pamoyo wamunthu. Amapanga ma enzymes am'mimba komanso mahomoni omwe amawongolera kagayidwe kazinthu. Pankhaniyi, onse a mahomoni ndi enzymatic ntchito amatha kulipidwa ndi kusankhidwa koyenera kwa mankhwala.

Ngati, chifukwa cha kufalitsa mankhwalawa, kuyeserera kwa chiwalo chonse kapena mbali yake kuchitidwa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyang'anira kudya mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo (nthawi zambiri m'magawo ang'onoang'ono), kuthetsa zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Kudya kwa mankhwala okhala ndi enzyme kumawonetsedwa. Ndikofunikira kudziyimira palokha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pokhudzana ndi chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga.

Kupambana kwa njira zothandizira kukonzanso kumadalira kwambiri kulanga kwa wodwala. Mukatsatira malangizo onse azachipatala, thupi lidzasinthika pakapita nthawi kuti likwaniritse zinthu zina, wodwalayo amaphunzira kudziletsa komanso kudziwongolera ndipo adzatha kukhala ndi moyo wofanana nawo.