Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 amachepetsa kwambiri thupi?

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri amazindikira kuchepa kwa thupi popanda kugwiritsa ntchito maphunziro apadera kapena zakudya.

Kuchepetsa thupi mwachangu ndi chizindikiro chochititsa mantha komanso chimodzi mwazizindikiro zofala zamatendawa.

Choyambitsa chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa munthu kuchepa thupi ndicho nkhawa, koma nawo, kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga sikwofunikira. Nanga bwanji kuchepetsa thupi ndi matenda ashuga?

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa shuga

Homoni yamtunduwu imakhala ndi mwayi wopatsa thupi kuchuluka kwa mamolekyulu a shuga ndikupatsa munthu mphamvu zamagetsi.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa insulini yopangidwa ndi thupi sikokwanira, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa mamolekyulu am'magazi m'magazi kumachuluka, komabe, minyewa ndi ziwalo zimasowa shuga.

Anthu athanzi, omwe magazi ake amakhala athithithi, amachepetsa thupi popanda zakudya zapadera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi siophweka.

Ngati munthu samvera zakudya zake ndi masewera, koma nthawi yomweyo amayamba kuchepa thupi, ndiye izi ziyenera kukhala chifukwa chachikulu chopita kwa dokotala. Popeza kuwonda komanso kuwonda msanga ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro za matenda ambiri, kuphatikizapo matenda ashuga.

Ndipo popeza chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa kudwala matendawa ndi kunenepa kwambiri, funso loti anthu amachepetsa thupi ndi matenda ashuga limadetsa nkhawa kwambiri.

Chifukwa chachikulu chakuchepetsa thupi

Matenda a shuga odwala matenda am'mimba amadziwika ndi matenda ambiri am'mitsempha, makamaka, kukula kwa ludzu lalikulu, kulimbikitsidwa kwamikodzo, kukomoka, kupezeka kwa khungu louma ndi ma presthesias, ndiko kuti, kumva kuwawa kapena kuwotcha miyendo. Kuphatikiza apo, matendawa amakhudza kulemera kwa munthu kuyamba mwamphamvu komanso zikuwoneka ngati popanda chifukwa chochepera.

Nthawi zina kuwonda kumeneku kumatha kukhala mpaka 20 kg pamwezi popanda kuchita zolimbitsa thupi komanso kusintha kwa zakudya. Chifukwa chiyani anthu odwala matenda ashuga amachepetsa thupi? Kuchepetsa thupi mwadzidzidzi kumakhala kofala kwambiri kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga.

Matenda a shuga ndi vuto la metabolic pamene thupi siligwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu. Chimodzi mwazizindikiro za matenda a shuga ndi kuwonda modzidzimutsa.

Njala yayikulu ndi ludzu ndizizindikiro zina ziwiri, ndipo odwala omwe alibe chithandizo cha shuga amatha kuchepetsa thupi monga momwe amadya ndikumwa kwambiri kuposa masiku onse. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu odwala matenda a shuga achepetse thupi, koma kuti mumvetsetse bwino chifukwa chake kuchepetsa thupi kumachitika, muyenera kuphunzira momwe matenda a shuga amakhudzira thupi.

Chimbudzi ndi kupanga mphamvu

Munthawi yovomerezeka, thupi lanu limasintha chakudya kukhala shuga panthawi yokugaya. Shuga amalowa m'magazi ndipo zikondamoyo zimatulutsa timadzi timene timatchedwa insulin. Insulin imathandizira kuti maselo onse amthupi atenge shuga kuchokera m'magazi ndikuwasintha kukhala mphamvu, yomwe ma cell amagwiritsa ntchito ngati mafuta.

Mitundu ya matenda ashuga

Pali mitundu iwiri ya matenda a shuga mellitus - mtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2. Ndi matenda amtundu 1 shuga, thupi silipanga insulini, kapena silitulutsa zokwanira, ndipo ma cell samalandira chisonyezo cha mankhwala chotenga shuga kuchokera m'magazi.

Ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachibiri, thupi limatulutsa insulini, koma ma cell samayankha ma signature a mankhwala, kapena samawayankha molondola. M'magawo onse awiri, shuga amakhalanso m'magazi, pomwe thupi sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.

Zotsatira za matenda ashuga

Maselo akamalephera kugwiritsa ntchito shuga ndi mphamvu, amatumiza chizindikiro ku ubongo kuti akufuna mafuta ambiri. Ubongo umapangitsa chidwi cha njala, kukuthandizani kuti mudye, chifukwa chake mumavutika ndi njala yambiri, yomwe imakonda kupezeka mu shuga.

Komabe, mukamadya kwambiri, shuga ambiri amalowa m'magazi, osati m'maselo. Impso zanu zikuyenera kugwira ntchito nthawi yochulukirapo kuti muchepetse shuga mumkodzo, ndipo chifukwa cha ichi ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ambiri, omwe akutanthauza ludzu lalikulu.

Matenda a shuga ndi kunenepa

Kuphatikiza pakupangitsa munthu kukhala ndi vuto lanjala, ubongo umawononganso minofu yamafuta ndi mafuta ndicholinga chofuna kupatsa mphamvu maselo. Ndi njirayi yomwe imayambitsa kuwonda mwadzidzidzi komwe kumayenderana ndi matenda a shuga.

Ngati matendawa akupitilizabe kupitilizidwa, thupi lingakhudzidwe ndi ketoacidosis. Ndi ketoacidosis, thupi limapanga mankhwala - ma ketones, chifukwa chakuchuluka msanga kwamafuta.

Ma ketones amalowa m'magazi ndikupanga acidic, yomwe imatha kuwononga ziwalo komanso ngakhale kufa.

Kodi ndiziti zomwe zimapangitsa kuti muchepetse thupi?

Kuchepetsa thupi mu shuga ndi chifukwa chotsatirachi:

• kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi
• kuphwanya kwamphamvu chakudya,
• kuwonongeka kwamapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya,
• ndalama zambiri.

Chizindikiro cha matenda a shuga ndi kuchepetsa thupi komanso kudya zakudya zabwino komanso zopatsa thanzi. Zochitika zovuta ndi zovuta zamaganizidwe zimatha kukulitsa vutoli.

Kuchepetsa thupi ndi chizindikiro cha matenda 1 a shuga, pomwe thupi satulutsa insulin. Izi ndizotsatira za autoimmune reaction momwe ma pancreatic cell amadziwika kuti ndi achilendo.

Samalani

Malinga ndi WHO, chaka chilichonse padziko lapansi anthu 2 miliyoni amafa chifukwa cha matenda ashuga komanso zovuta zake. Pokhapokha pakhale thandizo loyenerera la thupi, matenda ashuga amabweretsa mavuto osiyanasiyana, pang'onopang'ono kuwononga thupi la munthu.

Mavuto ambiri omwe amakonda ndi awa: matenda ashuga a m'mimba, nephropathy, retinopathy, zilonda zam'mimba, hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis. Matenda a shuga amathanso kupititsa patsogolo chotupa cha khansa. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse, wodwala matenda ashuga amwalira, akulimbana ndi matenda opweteka, kapena amasintha kukhala munthu weniweni wolumala.

Kodi anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatani? Endocrinology Research Center ya ku Russia Academy of Medical Sayansi idachita bwino

Zifukwa zakuchepera

Ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, thupi limasowa insulin: chitetezo cha mthupi chimagwira maselo a pancreatic beta omwe amapanga. Kusintha kwa mahomoni kumayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa maselo achilengedwe.

Udindo wa gwero lalikulu lamphamvu mthupi la munthu umaseweredwa ndi glucose. Amadziikika m'magazi pambuyo poti zinthu zawonongeka m'matumbo am'mimba, kenako zimatengedwa ndimagazi kupita kuzinthu zonse komanso ma cell. Insulin mumtambo uwu imachita mbali ya kiyi yomwe imalola kuti shuga azitha kulowa m'maselo.

Ndi kuperewera kwa timadzi tating'onoting'ono, timakumana ndi mavuto awiri:

1. Maselo alibe poti atengepo mphamvu, ndipo amayambanso kupeza mphamvu yatsopano. Amasandulika minofu ndi mafuta, ndipo thupi limafunanso kuwononga mafuta - minofu ndiyo yoyamba kuvutika. Chifukwa cha izi, kuchepa thupi kumachitika mu mtundu woyamba wa shuga.
2. Magazi a shuga m'magazi amayamba kukwera. Popanda insulini, singalowe m'maselo, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Thupi limayesetsa kuthana ndi zochuluka, kulitulutsa ndi mkodzo. Chifukwa chokoka pafupipafupi, komanso ndi shuga, chinyezi chimasiyanso thupi. Kuchepa kwa thupi kumayamba, zomwe zimathandizanso kuchepetsa kunenepa.

Kuchepetsa thupi mu shuga ya mtundu woyamba kumayambitsidwanso ndimayendedwe osadziwika. Chifukwa cha matenda atayamba, chidwi cha wodwalayo chimachepa, kupweteka kwam'mimba kumawonekera, ndipo kugwira ntchito kumachepa. Mwanthawi imeneyi, amayamba kudya zakudya zochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azitopa kwambiri.

Kuopsa koonda mwadzidzidzi

Kuchepetsa thupi mwadzidzidzi kumakhala kupsinjika kwakukulu kwa thupi. Ili ndi zotsatirazi:

1. kuchuluka kwa magazi
2. matenda ammimba
3. kuchuluka kwambiri pa chiwindi,
4. kusiya kugwira ntchito.

Ngati simutayamba kuchiza matendawa nthawi, zotsatira zake zimakhala zochulukirapo. Mavuto amatha kukhala owawa kwambiri (kuwonongeka kwa chikumbumtima, chikomokere), komanso matenda (kuwonongeka kwa retina, impso, kukula kwa mtima, matenda amkati komanso matenda amkati).

Momwe mungabwezeretsere kulemera

Ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, wodwalayo amapatsidwa zakudya zapadera. Zakudya ziyenera kukhala zopindika komanso pafupipafupi - osachepera 5-6 patsiku. M'malo mwa shuga muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito uchi ndi zotsekemera zopangira.

Zinthu zofunikira zomwe zimawonjezera kupanga kwa insulin ndi mkaka wa mbuzi, adyo, ntchentche za Brussels, mafuta a linse ndi kachilombo ka tirigu. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira iliyonse, modziyimira pawokha kapena ngati gawo la mbale zovuta.

Maziko ake azikhala zakudya zomwe zili ndi index yotsika ya glycemic - yogurt yamafuta ochepa, nthochi, tirigu, nyemba ndi nyemba. Musaiwale komwe kunachokera mavitamini ndi michere: tomato, nkhaka, walnuts, ma apricots owuma, nkhuyu ndizovomerezeka muzakudya. Mowa umafunika kuchepera, komanso bwino, kuthetsiratu.

Katundu wofanana wa carbohydrate masana ndikofunikira. Kugawa kwathunthu kwa michere kuyenera kukhala motere: 15% - mapuloteni, 25% - mafuta, 60% - chakudya. Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, ketoacidosis ndi ukalamba, kuchuluka kwake kumasintha.

Ndikosatheka kubwezeretsa kulemera kwam'mbuyo mothandizidwa ndi vuto limodzi la matenda ashuga - chithandizo chapadera chofunikira. Dokotala wa endocrinologist amalemba jakisoni wa insulin, ndipo ngati ndi kotheka, mankhwala ogwirizana ndi metformin (Glucofage, Siofor). Mlingo komanso pafupipafupi kwa makonzedwe amawerengedwa mosiyanasiyana kwa wodwala aliyense. Popita nthawi, wodwalayo amaphunzira kuzidziwa yekha.

Kuzindikira kwam'maselo kuti insulin iwonjezeke ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, kotero kuphunzitsidwa pafupipafupi kumafunikira. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi osavuta kumalimbitsa minofu, kuthandiza kuthana ndi kutopa ndi kufooka kosatha. Kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku mlengalenga.

Matenda a shuga a Mtundu woyamba amafunika kuwunika nthawi zonse shuga. Njira yabwino ndikusunga diary momwe mungalembere kuwerenga kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa glucometer. Ndikosavuta kujambula zolemba, zolemba, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apadera pa intaneti.

Kuchepetsa Kunenepa Kwambiri shuga

Ngakhale kuti shuga nthawi zambiri imayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri, ndikupitiliza kwina kwa matenda a pathological, wodwalayo sakhala wokonda kulemera, koma m'malo mwake amutaye. Mu shuga yachiwiri, thupi silisamala ndi insulin yomwe imapangidwa ndi kapamba. Kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi nthawi yomweyo, kumakhala kofanana ndi kwabwinobwino kapena nthawi zina kumawonjezeka. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa mamolekyulu a shuga m'magazi amachulukanso, madongosolo atsopano a mawonekedwe a minofu ya adipose. Chifukwa cha mafuta omwe angopangika kumene, kuwonjezeka kwa thupi kumachitika. Ndipo kotero mozungulira.

Mafuta ochulukirapo osakanikirana amakwiyitsa kukwiya kwa insulini, komanso kupanga kwambiri insulin, panthawi yomwe palibe, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Kuchepetsa msanga matenda ashuga kumatha kupangitsa kuti matenda asanafike.

Munthu wathanzi, pazovomerezeka, amatha kulemera kapena kuchepa kwa makilogalamu asanu pa mwezi. Seti imatha kudzutsa chakudya chosalamulika pa tchuthi kapena tchuthi, kuchepa kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuchepa thupi - nkhawa zamavuto kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chamagulu. Ngakhale kuchepa thupi kwakanthawi kochepa kungasonyeze, pakati pazinthu zina, kupita patsogolo kwa matenda ashuga.