Malangizo pakuwerengera magawo a buledi a shuga

Kwa munthu aliyense, chithandizo cha matenda ashuga chimayamba ndi kufunsana ndi dokotala, pomwe adotolo amafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za zomwe matendawa amafotokozera ndikuwonetsa kudya kwa wodwala zina.

Ngati pakufunika chithandizo ndi insulin, ndiye kuti mlingo wake ndi makonzedwe ake amakambirana mosiyanasiyana. Maziko a chithandizo nthawi zambiri amakhala akuwerengera tsiku ndi tsiku kuchuluka kwa chakudya, komanso kuwongolera shuga.

Kuti mutsatire malamulo a mankhwalawa, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungawerengere CN, kuchuluka kwa zakudya zokhala ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya. Tisaiwale kuti mothandizidwa ndi chakudya chotere m'magazi a shuga mumatha mphindi 15. Zakudya zamagulu ena zimawonjezera chizindikiritso ichi pakatha mphindi 30 mpaka 40.

Izi ndichifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe chalowa m'thupi la munthu. Ndiosavuta kuphunzira "kuthamanga" ndi "wodekha" wamafuta. Ndikofunikira kuphunzira momwe mungawerengere moyenera kuchuluka kwa tsiku ndi tsiku, chifukwa cha zopatsa mphamvu zamagulu ndi kukhalapo kwa zinthu zovulaza komanso zothandiza mwa iwo. Kutsogolera ntchitoyi, mawu adapangidwa pansi pa dzina la "mkate mkate".

Dzinali limawerengedwa kuti ndi lofunikira popereka chiwongolero cha glycemic mu matenda monga matenda a shuga. Ngati odwala matenda ashuga aganiza molondola XE, izi zimakwaniritsa njira yolipirira kusinthika kwa magawo osinthika a carbohydrate. Kuchuluka kwawerengeredwe magawo awa kumalepheretsa njira zamomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi malekezero akumunsi.

Ngati tiganiza za mkate umodzi, ndiye kuti ndi wofanana ndi magalamu 12 a chakudya. Mwachitsanzo, chidutswa chimodzi cha mkate wa rye chimalemera pafupifupi magalamu 15. Izi zikufanana ndi XE imodzi. M'malo mwa mawu oti "mkate mkate" nthawi zina, tanthauzo la "chakudya cha mafuta", lomwe ndi 10-12 g la chakudya chamafuta mosavuta.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chochepa cha zopatsa mphamvu. Ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndi zakudya zabwino kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Pankhaniyi, simungathe kuwerengera zigawo za mkate. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito masikelo kapena funsani tebulo lapadera.

Dziwani kuti kupanga makina owerengera omwe amakupatsani mwayi wowerengera bwino magawo a mkate pamene zinthu zifuna. Kutengera momwe thupi la munthu limakhalira ndi matenda a shuga, kuchuluka kwa insulin komanso kudya zamafuta zimatha kusiyanasiyana.

Ngati chakudyacho chimaphatikizapo magalamu 300 a chakudya, ndiye kuti ndalamazo zimafanana ndi magulu 25 a mkate. Poyamba, si onse odwala matenda ashuga amene amatha kuwerengetsa XE. Koma mwakuchita pafupipafupi, munthu patapita kanthawi kochepa amatha "ndi diso" kudziwa kuchuluka kwa magawo mu chinthu china.

Popita nthawi, muyesowo udzakhala wolondola momwe mungathere.

Chigoba cha mkate ndi muyeso womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu muzakudya. Lingaliro loperekedwa lidayambitsidwa makamaka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe amalandira insulin kuti asunge ntchito zawo zofunika. Mukuyankhula za chiyani magawo a mkate, tcherani khutu kuti:

• Ichi ndi chida chomwe chitha kutengedwa ngati maziko opangira anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino,
• pali tebulo lapadera momwe izi zikuwonetsedwa pazogulitsa zosiyanasiyana zamagulu ndi magulu athunthu,
• Kuwerengera kwa magawo a mkate kungachitike ndipo kuyenera kuchitika pamanja musanadye.

Poganizira gawo limodzi la mkate, samalani kwambiri chifukwa ndi zofanana ndi 10 (kuphatikiza ulusi wazakudya) kapena magalamu 12. (kuphatikiza zigawo za ballast) chakudya.

Nthawi yomweyo, pamafunika magawo a insulini 1.4 kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito mwachangu komanso popanda vuto. Ngakhale kuti magawo a mkate (patebulo) amapezeka pagulu, aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa momwe mawerengedwa amapangidwira, komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu amtundu umodzi wa mkate.

Msonkhano wapadera, XE ndi wofanana ndi magalamu 12 a michere yamagetsi (kapena magalamu 15, ngati ali ndi fiber fiber - zipatso kapena zipatso zouma). Zambiri zimapezeka pafupifupi 25 gm za mikate yoyera yoyera.

Chifukwa chiyani phindu ili? Ndi chithandizo chake, Mlingo wa insulin amawerengedwa.

Mwachitsanzo: ndi matenda amtundu wa shuga 1 (ndiye kuti, pamene insulin siyipangidwe konse m'thupi), mpaka magawo anayi a insulin adzafunika kuti 1 XE iperekedwe (kutengera magawo a thupi a wodwala). Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kuyambira 1 mpaka 4 mayunitsi.

Komanso kuwerengera zamagulu a mkate kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga zakudya "zoyenera" za shuga. Monga mukudziwa, anthu odwala matenda ashuga amalangizidwa kuti azitsatira zakudya zochepa ndipo zakudya ziyenera kukhala zosachepera 5 patsiku, koma zazing'ono.

Pankhaniyi, masiku onse a XE sayenera kupitirira 20 XE. Koma ndiye kachiwiri - palibe njira yodziwika bwino yomwe imatha kuwerengera molondola kuchuluka kwa matenda a shuga a XE tsiku lililonse.

Chachikulu ndikusunga kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a 3-6 mmol / l, omwe amafanana ndi zizindikiro za munthu wamkulu. Ndikudya chamafuta ochepa, nthawi zonse XE imatsika mpaka 2 - 2,5 mkate patsiku.

Zakudya zoyenera ziyenera kukhala dokotala woyenera (endocrinologist, nthawi zina wodwala).

Zakudya ndi mndandanda wazakudya odwala matenda ashuga

Pali magulu osiyana azinthu zomwe sizimangovulaza thupi ndi matenda ashuga, komanso zimathandizira kuti insulini ikhale yoyenera.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zothandiza za odwala matenda ashuga ndi zinthu zamkaka. Zabwino koposa zonse - zokhala ndi mafuta ochepa, kotero mkaka wonse suyenera kuperekedwa kuchakudya.

Ndipo gulu lachiwiri limaphatikizapo zinthu zamphesa. Popeza ali ndi chakudya chamagulu ambiri, ndikofunikira kuwerengera XE yawo. Masamba osiyanasiyana, mtedza ndi nyemba zimakhalanso ndi zotsatira zabwino.

Amachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta za shuga. Ponena zamasamba, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito omwe mumapezeka wowonda pang'ono komanso wotsika kwambiri wa glycemic.

Ndikulondola kunena kuti zakudya zamatenda a shuga ndizofunikira kwambiri pazamankhwala. Kuphatikiza apo, mkhalidwe wofunikira uwu uyenera kuonedwa kwa mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga, mosatengera zaka, kulemera, jenda komanso kuchuluka kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi za munthu.

Chinanso ndichakuti aliyense amadya aliyense payekhapayekha ndipo kuti mwiniwakeyo azilamulira pakudya kwake, osati dokotala kapena wina. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti udindo wa munthu wathanzi limakhala naye payekha.

Zimathandizira kuchepetsa zakudya komanso, mogwirizana ndi izo, kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa insulini yochepa pakubweretsa kulikonse, kuwerengera kwamtundu wa mkate. XE ndi gawo wamba lomwe linapangidwa ndi akatswiri azakudya zaku Germany ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyerekezera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu muzakudya.

Amakhulupirira kuti XE imodzi ndi magalamu 10-12 a chakudya. Kutenga 1 XE, mayunitsi 1.4 amafunikira.

Chifukwa chiani kuwerengera magawo a mkate mu shuga

Gawo la mkate lomwe limapangidwazo limatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amapezekamo ndikuthandizira kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa insulin kwa wodwala. Gwero lalikulu lamphamvu mthupi ndi kudya chakudya chamafuta. Insulin imafunika kuti ipangidwe. Popeza mahomoni anu omwe sanapangidwe kapena alibe chidwi ndi izo, majekeseni ndi omwe amapatsidwa. Zofunikira ndi odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu 1.

Ndi mtundu wachiwiri, mankhwala a insulini amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene sizingatheke kukwaniritsa zotsatira zomwe mukufuna ndi mapiritsi (a insulin omwe amafunikira shuga), kutenga pakati, kugwira ntchito, kuvulala, matenda.

Mwa munthu wathanzi, makina am'mimba "amakhudzidwa" posanthula chakudya; kapamba amatulutsa kuchuluka kwa insulini poyankha mafuta obwera. Mu matenda a shuga, muyenera kupatsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni mwakudziwerengera nokha. Chipangizo, kapena XE chidule, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira kuwerengera kumeneku.

Ngakhale poyang'ana koyamba dongosolo silikumveka kwa odwala matenda ashuga, koma nthawi zambiri pambuyo pa sabata 1, odwala amatha kudziwa molondola komanso mwachangu zofunikira.

Ndipo izi ndizambiri pazakudya za matenda ashuga amitundu iwiri.

Amawerengera chakudya chamagulu amawerengera

Zakudya zomanga thupi zonse m'zakudya zimagawidwa m'magazi ndi "osakhalitsa". Chotsirizachi ndichofunikira kwambiri pazakudya zomwe zimayimiriridwa ndi mitundu yazakudya. CHIKWANGWANI chomera, pectin, guar chimatenga ndi kuchotsa zonse zosafunikira, zama metabolic, cholesterol owonjezera ndi shuga, poizoni. Samaganizidwanso posankha mtundu wa insulin, popeza samachulukitsa shuga.

Osachepera 40 g wa fiber patsiku ndikofunikira. kukhalabe yachilengedwe chakudya kagayidwe ndi kuyeretsa thupi, kupewa atherosulinosis.

Zakudya zina zonse zimapezeka m'mimba, koma molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa kulowa m'magazi zimagawidwa mwachangu komanso pang'onopang'ono. Yoyamba ndi shuga wabwino, uchi, zoumba zamphesa, mphesa, zipatso zamasamba. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha kuchepa kwambiri kwa glucose wamagazi - dziko la hypoglycemic.

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, pang'onopang'ono ma digestible amafunikira - chimanga, mkate, zipatso, zipatso, mkaka. Amawerengedwa ndi magawo a mkate, umodzi ndi 10 g wamafuta oyera (mwachitsanzo, fructose) kapena 12 g akaphatikizidwa ndi CHIKWANGWANI (kaloti, beets).

Momwe mungawerengere zinthu za XE

Chipangizochi chimatchedwa mkate chifukwa ngati mudula mkatewo muzidutswa wamba (pafupifupi 25 g aliyense), ndiye kuti chidutswa chimodzi chidzakulitsa shuga ndi 2.2 mmol / l, kuti mugwiritse ntchito muyenera kulowa gawo 1-1.4 lokonzekera mwachidule. Lamuloli likuwonetsa kuchuluka kwapakati, popeza kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ndi kosiyana ndi aliyense, zimatengera:

• zaka
• "Zomwe zachitika" pa matenda ashuga,
• kusintha kwa chakudya ndi mankhwala,
• nthawi ya tsiku.

Chifukwa chake, chitsimikiziro chachikulu cha Mlingo woyenera ndicho chizindikiritso cha magazi 2 maola mutatha kudya. Ngati amakhalabe mu nthawi yomwe akulimbikitsidwa, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa milingo sikofunikira.

Matebulo apadera amathandizira kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa XE. Amawonetsa kulemera kwa malonda, omwe ali ofanana ndi 1 XE.

Katundu kapena mbale

Kulemera kapena pafupifupi kukula kwa kutumizira 1 XE

Imwani mkaka wowawasa, mkaka

Syrnik

Kutaya

Pancake

Zakudya zama mkate

Msuzi wa Noodle

Supuni 4

Wowuma, wonenepa (zosaphika)

Supuni 1

Mbatata ya jekete

Mbatata zosenda

3 zokometsera mchere

Wuma pasitala

3 zokometsera mchere

Ngala, Nyemba, anapiye, nandolo

Walnuts, Hazelnuts, Maponda

Banana, peyala, maula, chitumbuwa, pichesi

Strawberry, currants, mabulosi abuluu

Karoti, dzungu

Beetroot

Cutlet

Masoseji

Madzi apulo

Pizza

Hamburger

Pogula zinthu mu sitolo, zimawongoleredwa ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta omwe awonetsedwa. Mwachitsanzo, 100 g ili ndi 60 g. Izi zikutanthauza kuti gawo lolemera 100 g ndi 5 (60:12) XE.

Kodi machitidwe a buledi a shuga amawagwiritsa ntchito bwanji?

Mukamalemba zakudya, malamulo awa amakhudzidwa:

• 18-22 XE patsiku imafunika malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zochita zolimbitsa thupi, koma kunenepa kwambiri sikulimbikitsidwa kupitilira 8 XE, wokhala ndi moyo wokhazikika komanso kuwonjezeka kwa thupi - 10 XE,
• chakudya chachikulu chimakhala ndi 4-6 (osapitirira 7) ndi zofunikira ziwiri za 1-2 XE,
• pamisempha yokwezeka kwambiri, magawo owonjezera a insulin amawonjezeredwa kuphatikiza omwe amawerengedwa, ndipo otsika amachotsedwa.

Mwachitsanzo: wodwalayo akulimbikitsidwa kusunga shuga wamagazi pamlingo wofika 6.3 mmol / L. Adatenga miyeso mphindi 30 asanadye chakudya, ndipo mita ija idawonetsa 8.3 mmol / L. Chakudya chamadzulo, magawo anayi a buledi akukonzekera. Mlingo wa mahomoni ndi: gawo limodzi musanadwalitse magazi ndi 4 pakudya, ndiye kuti, akuvulaza magawo 5 a insulin yochepa.

Mpaka masana, muyenera kudya kuchuluka kwa chakudya chochuluka, ndipo pofika madzulo mulingo wawo uyenera kukhala wocheperako, jakisoni wa mahomoni ali wotsikirapo. Mlingo wa mankhwalawa amadzaza m'mawa komanso zazing'ono mukatha kudya.

Ambiri odwala matenda ashuga a insulin amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala - yayifupi komanso yayitali. Chiwembu choterechi chimatchedwa kuti cholimbitsa, ndipo sichifunikira kuwerengera mosamalitsa kwa kuchuluka kwa XE ndi Mlingo wa mahomoni. Komabe, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupatula magawo a mafuta osavuta komanso kudziwa kuchuluka kwa zopatsa zamafuta m'zakudya, osapitilira kuchuluka kwa nthawi imodzi.

Malangizo akulu othandiza kuti shuga asamayende bwino ndikuchepetsa kumwa kwa zakudya zopanda mafuta, zomwe zimachulukitsa shuga, kuthana ndi mafuta, zimasunga zakudya ndi utoto wambiri.. Mulinso zinthu zambiri zopangidwa mwaluso, kuphatikizapo maswiti a odwala matenda ashuga.

Omwe amathandizira "zakudya zaulere" (ngakhale atawerengeka moyenera kuchuluka kwa mahomoni) amakhala ndi vuto la mtima kuposa owonjezera zakudya.

Mu matenda a shuga omwe safuna kuti pakhale insulin (mtundu 2, wobisika), kugwiritsa ntchito magome okhala ndi ziwalo za mkate kumakupatsani mwayi wopewa kupitirira zizolowezi zophatikizidwa zamafuta. Ngati mumasankha zinthu zokhazokha ndi mtundu wochepera wa glycemic index (kuchuluka kwa shuga), muchepetse chakudya chamagulu ochepa mpaka 8-10 XE, ndiye kuti izi zithandiza kuchepetsa thupi ngakhale mutakhala ndi matendawa komanso kuuma kwawo.

Ndipo izi ndizokhudza kupewa matenda ashuga.

Magawo a mkate amafunika kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu muzakudya. XE imodzi ndi yofanana ndi 10-12 g ndipo imafuna kuyambitsa gawo limodzi la insulin kuti muwonongeke. Kuwerengera kumapangidwa musanadye chakudya chilichonse malinga ndi matebulo apadera, sayenera kukhala apamwamba kuposa 7 pazakudya zazikulu. Ndi njira yolimbikitsira ya insulini komanso mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda omwe mumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mapiritsi, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi kudya tsiku ndi tsiku kwamatumbo.

Kuwerenga

Gawo limodzi la mkate ndi pafupifupi 10-15 g lama chakudya kapena 25 g wa mkate. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga kuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe amamwa - chochepa kwambiri, momwe zakudya zimakhalira. Gawo limodzi la mkate limachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi pafupifupi 1.5-2 mmol / l, chifukwa chake, pakuwonongeka kwake, kumafunikira insulin pafupifupi 1-4. Kutsatira kumeneku ndikofunikira makamaka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1. Podziwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe amadya, odwala amatha kubaya insulini yoyenera ndikupewa zovuta zambiri.

Chidutswa chimodzi cha mkate wakuda kapena zoyera (osati batala) ndi 1 XE. Ambiri aiwo atsalira atayanika. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa magawo a mikate sikusintha, ndizopindulitsa kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga kudya oyambitsa, ngakhale akadali ndi mavitamini. Chiwerengero chomwecho cha XE chili:

• chidutswa cha chivwende, chinanazi, vwende,
• 1 beetroot yayikulu
• 1 apulo, lalanje, pichesi, supimoni,
• theka la mphesa kapena nthochi,
• 1 tbsp. l mbewu zophika
• Mbatata imodzi yayikulu
• Ma tanger atatu, ma apricots kapena ma plums,
• 3 kaloti,
• 7 tbsp. l nyemba
• 1 tbsp. l shuga.

Kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mkate mu zipatso zazing'ono ndi zipatso ndizosavuta kuchita, kumasulira kukhala kuchuluka kwa msuzi. Chachikulu ndikuyika zosakaniza popanda slide. Chifukwa chake, 1 XE ili ndi sosi imodzi:

Ziphuphu ndi zipatso zabwino zimatha kuyezedwa payekhapayekha. Mwachitsanzo, 1 XE pa mphesa za 3-4. Ndikosavuta kuyeza kuchuluka kwa mkate mumakumwa ndi magalasi. 1 XE ili ndi:

• 0,5 tbsp. msuzi wa apulosi kapena zipatso zina zosafunika kwenikweni,
• 1/3 Luso. madzi a mphesa
• 0,5 tbsp. mowa wakuda
• 1 tbsp. mowa wopepuka kapena kvass.

Palibe nzeru kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mkate mu zakumwa zopanda mafuta, nsomba ndi nyama, chifukwa mulibe chakudya. Zotsutsana zimawonedwa ndimaswiti. Zili ndi chakudya chambiri, komanso zosavuta. Chifukwa chake, mu gawo la 100 g la ayisikilimu muli magawo awiri a mkate. Mukamagula zinthu m malo ogulitsira, kuwerengetsa kwa XE kwa mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga (ndipo kwachiwiri nawonso) kumachitika motere:

1. Werengani zidziwitso zomwe zidalembedwa mu gawo lazakudya.
2. Pezani kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu mu 100 g, kuchulukitsa ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthuzo. Chachikulu ndichakuti kuwerengera m'magawo amodzi, i.e. ma kilogalamu adzafunika kusinthidwa kukhala magalamu.Chifukwa chochulukitsa, mudzapeza kuchuluka kwa chakudya pachinthu chilichonse.
3. Kupitilira apo, phindu lomwe linapezedwa liyenera kugawidwa mu 10-15 g - iyi ndiye kuchuluka kwa chakudya 1 1 XE. Mwachitsanzo, 100/10 = 10 XE.

Ndi magawo angati a mkate patsiku

Pafupifupi tsiku lililonse mkate umakhala 30, koma pali zinthu zina zomwe zimachepetsa izi. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi moyo, kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi. Munthu akapanda kusuntha, ayenera kudya zakudya zochepa:

Zotheka kwa XE patsiku

Munthu wathanzi wopanda zovuta za metabolic komanso kunenepa kwambiri. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi ndizabwino, ndizotheka kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Anthu athanzi labwino olimbitsa thupi. Moyo suyenera kukhala chongokhala.

Munthu wosakwanitsa zaka 50 yemwe nthawi zambiri amapita kokachita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Pali zovuta zilizonse za metabolic: metabolic syndrome popanda kunenepa kwambiri, kuchepa pang'ono kwa index yamasamba a thupi.

Munthu woposa zaka 50. Mlingo wa zochitika ndi zochepa. Kulemera kwa thupi ndikwabwinobwino kapena kunenepa kwambiri kwa 1 degree.

Matenda a shuga, kunenepa kwambiri kwa madigiri awiri kapena atatu.

Pali kudalira kokhazikika kwa chakudya chamafuta nthawi ya tsiku. Zomwe zimachitika tsiku lililonse zimagawidwa m'magulu angapo a chakudya, chilichonse chomwe chimayenera kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa mkate muzogulitsira. Ambiri amasiyidwa kuti adye kaye koyamba. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kudya oposa 7 XE nthawi imodzi, apo ayi, shuga ya magazi imachuluka kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa magawo a chakudya chilichonse:

Zomwe zimachitika mthupi tikamamwa chakudya

Chakudya chilichonse chomwe munthu amadya chimapangidwa m'magawo akuluakulu komanso ang'onoang'ono. Zakudya zomanga thupi zimasinthidwa kukhala glucose. Njira iyi yotembenuzira zinthu zovuta kukhala zinthu zazing'ono zimayendetsedwa ndi insulin.

Pali kulumikizana kosawerengeka pakati pa kudya kwa michere, shuga wamagazi ndi insulin. Zakudya zamagulu olowa m'thupi zimakonzedwa ndi michere ya m'mimba ndikulowa m'magazi mu mawonekedwe a shuga. Pakadali pano, "pachipata" cha minyewa komanso ziwalo zomwe zimadalira insulini, timadzi timene timayang'anira kulowa kwa glucose timayang'aniridwa. Itha kulowa pakukonzekera mphamvu, ndipo ikhoza kuyikidwanso m'tsogolo pambuyo pake.

Mu diabetes, physiology ya njirayi imalephera. Pali insulin yokwanira yomwe imapangidwa, kapena maselo a ziwalo zomwe akufuna kupangazo (omwe amadalira insulin) amakhala osazindikira. M'magawo onse awiriwa, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa glucose kumavulala, ndipo thupi limafunikira thandizo lakunja. Pachifukwa ichi, ma insulin kapena othandizira a hypoglycemic amaperekedwa (kutengera mtundu wa matenda ashuga)

Komabe, ndikofunikanso kuwongolera zomwe zikubwera, kotero chithandizo chamadokotala ndikofunikira monga kumwa mankhwala.

Zomwe zikuwonetsa XE

1. Kuchuluka kwa magawo a mkate kumawonetsera kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimatengedwa zimatulutsa shuga wamagazi. Kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mmol / l glucose kumachulukitsa, mutha kuwerengera molondola mlingo wa insulin yofunika.
2. Kuwerengera magawo a mkate kumakupatsani mwayi wofufuza phindu la chakudya.
3. XE ndi analogue ya chipangizo choyezera, chomwe chimakulolani kuyerekezera zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Funso lomwe magawo amkate amayankha: mu kuchuluka kwa zinthu zina ziti komwe kumakhala chakudya cha 12 g?

Chifukwa chake, mutapatsidwa mkate, ndizosavuta kutsatira chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a 2.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito XE?

Chiwerengero cha mkate pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zalembedwa patebulopo. Kapangidwe kake kumawoneka motere: mgulu limodzi ndi mayina a zinthuzo, ndipo inayo - ndi magalamu angati a zinthuzi omwe amawerengedwa ndi 1 XE. Mwachitsanzo, ma supuni awiri a chimanga chodziwika bwino (buckwheat, mpunga ndi ena) ali ndi 1 XE.

Chitsanzo china ndi sitiroberi. Kuti mupeze 1 XE, muyenera kudya pafupifupi zipatso 10 zapakati pa sitiroberi. Kwa zipatso, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, tebulo nthawi zambiri limawonetsa zochulukirapo zizindikiro.

Chitsanzo china chotsirizidwa.

100 g ya ma cookie "Jubilee" ali ndi 66 g yamafuta. Khukhi imodzi imalemera 12.5 g. Chifukwa chake, mu cookie imodzi padzakhala 12,5 * 66/100 = 8.25 g yamafuta. Izi ndizochepa pang'ono kuposa 1 XE (12 g yamafuta).

Mulingo wazogwiritsidwa ntchito

Angati magawo omwe muyenera kudya pa chakudya chimodzi komanso kwa tsiku lonse zimatengera zaka, jenda, kulemera kwake komanso zolimbitsa thupi.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwerenge chakudya chanu kuti chikhale ndi pafupifupi 5 XE. Mitundu ina ya mkate patsiku la akulu:

1. Anthu omwe ali ndi BMI yokhazikika (index of body body) yokhalaantchito yokhazikika komanso moyo wongokhala - mpaka 15-18 XE.
2. Anthu omwe ali ndi BMI yabwinobwino yamaofesi omwe amafuna ntchito zolimbitsa thupi - mpaka 30 XE.
3. Odwala onenepa kwambiri komanso onenepa kwambiri omwe amakhala ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi ochepa - mpaka 10-12 XE.
4. Anthu onenepa kwambiri komanso olimbitsa thupi kwambiri - mpaka 25 XE.

Kwa ana, kutengera zaka, akulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito:

• zaka 1-3 - 10-11 XE patsiku,
• Zaka 4-6 - 12-13 XE,
• Zaka 700 - 15-16 XE,
• Zaka 11 mpaka 14 - 16-20 XE,
• Zaka 15-18 - 18-21 XE.

Nthawi yomweyo, anyamata ayenera kulandira zochulukirapo kuposa atsikana. Pambuyo pazaka 18, kuwerengera kumapangidwa mogwirizana ndi mfundo za akulu.

Kuwerengedwa kwa ma insulin

Kudya mikate ya mkate sikungowerengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa magawo a insulin omwe amayenera kuperekedwa.

Chakudya chokhala ndi 1 XE, glucose wamagazi amakwera pafupifupi 2 mmol / L (onani pamwambapa). Mlingo wofanana wa glucose amafunika gawo limodzi la insulin. Izi zikutanthauza kuti musanadye, muyenera kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa buledi, ndikuyika insulin zambiri.

Komabe, sikuti zonse ndizophweka. Ndikofunika kuyeza shuga m'magazi. Ngati hyperglycemia yapezeka (> 5.5), ndiye kuti muyenera kulowa zambiri, ndipo mosemphanitsa - ndi hypoglycemia, insulin yochepa ndiyofunikira.

Asanadye chakudya chamadzulo, chomwe chimakhala ndi 5 XE, munthu amakhala ndi hyperglycemia - shuga wamagazi a 7 mmol / L. Kuti muchepetse glucose muzikhalidwe zabwino, muyenera kutenga 1 insulin. Kuphatikiza apo, pali ma XE 5 omwe amabwera ndi chakudya. Ndi "osaloledwa" magawo 5 a insulin. Chifukwa chake, munthu ayenera kulowa asanadye zakudya zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Tebulo lamtengo wapatali

Mndandanda wa mikate yazakudya zazakudya zambiri za anthu ashuga:

(Buckwheat, mpunga, barele wa pearl, oat, etc.)

yophika30 g kapena 2 tbsp. spoons Chimanga½ khutu MbatataTuber 1 (kukula kwapakatikati) BananaZidutswa za ½ MelonChidutswa chimodzi Strawberry10 ma PC Rabulosi20 ma PC Cherry15 ma PC Malalanje1 pc Apple1 pc MphesaMa PC 10 Shuga10 g (1 chidutswa kapena 1 tbsp.spoon popanda slide) Kvass1 tbsp Mkaka, kefir1 tbsp Kaloti200 g Tomato2-3 ma PC

Masamba ambiri (nkhaka, kabichi) amakhala ndi zakudya zamagetsi zochepa, motero simukufunika kuti muwaphatikize powerengera XE.

Kuwerengera magawo a mkate mu shuga sikovuta momwe kungawonekere poyamba. Odwala amazolowera kuwerengera XE mwachangu kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizosavuta kuposa kuwerengera zopatsa mphamvu ndi glycemic index kwa odwala matenda ashuga.