Mavuto a insulini amakhudzana odwala matenda ashuga

Mankhwala a insulin ndi njira yochizira matenda amitundu 1 matenda a shuga, ndipo nthawi zina, achiwiri. Wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda amtunduwu ayenera kutsatira mlingo womwe dokotala watchulidwa. Nthawi zina chithandizo choterechi chimayambitsa mavuto angapo. Aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuzidziwa. Mavuto a insulini adzakambirana pambuyo pake.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga

Ngati munthu wapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto pantchito yogaya chakudya, muyenera kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu. Chithandizo chotsogolera pankhaniyi ndi mankhwala a insulin. Mavuto amatha kubwera pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana.

Komabe, palibe njira yofananira yomwe ingasinthire moyo wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a mtundu woyamba. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa insulin m'thupi kumakupatsani mwayi wowonetsetsa momwe odwala aliri.

Mankhwala a insulin ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu kuchiza odwala matenda a shuga 1, komanso pokonzekera wodwala wodwala matenda amtundu wa 2 pochita opaleshoni, ngati mukudwala matenda ena (mwachitsanzo, kuzizira).

Komanso, njirayi imagwiritsidwanso ntchito chifukwa chosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga. Amalembera odwala matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri.

Mankhwala omwe aperekedwawo amafunika kuwerengera molondola a insulin. Pachifukwa ichi, wodwalayo amatenga magazi ndi mkodzo poyesa. Kutengera ndi zotsatira zake, adokotala amawerengera kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa. Amagawidwa majekeseni atatu, omwe amayenera kuperekedwa tsiku lonse.

Atamwa mankhwalawo, dokotala amayang'anira shuga ndi mkodzo wa wodwalayo. Ngati ndi kotheka, kusintha kumachitika. Pachifukwa ichi, munthu amapereka magazi pamaso pa jakisoni aliyense wa insulin. Amasonkhanitsanso mkodzo m'mawa, usana ndi usiku. Ngati mulingo wambiri wa mankhwala a insulin, mavuto atha kukhala akulu. Chifukwa chake, njira yobweretsera mankhwalawa m'thupi imatengedwa kwambiri.

Mavuto

Munthu aliyense yemwe wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga 1 ayenera kumvetsetsa bwino mfundo za insulin. Mavuto amakumana pafupipafupi. Komabe, izi zimachitika makamaka kudzera mu kulakwitsa kwa wodwalayo. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuzolowera moyo woterewu kumayambiriro kwa matendawa. Koma popita nthawi, njirayi imakhala yodziwika, yachilengedwe kwa anthu.

Mahomoniwa amafunika kuti azilowetsedwa m'thupi kwa moyo wonse. Mlingo woyenera umapewa zovuta zingapo. Matenda a shuga sangathe kupuma, kupumula ku chithandizo. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa insulin kumafunikira nthawi zonse. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ndi kuphwanya kovuta kambiri komwe kumatheka. Mitu ikuluikulu ndi:

1. Chophimba pamaso pamaso.
2. Kutupa kwamiyendo.
3. Lipohypertrophy.
4. Lipoatrophy.
5. Maonekedwe a malo ofiira ofiira.
6. Ziwengo
7. Muli.
8. Hypoglycemia.
9. Kulemera.

Mitundu yomwe ilipo yovuta imachitika chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo. Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti insulin ndi mapuloteni. Sipangidwa mulingo woyenerera m'thupi la odwala matenda ashuga ndi mtundu 1. Chifukwa chake, imayendetsedwa nthawi zonse. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ofanana amapatsidwa insulin yosiyanasiyana. Itha kukhala yanyama kapena yaumunthu.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti insulin yamadzi imatha kukhala yamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ili ndi nthawi yovomerezeka. Zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku zimasinthidwa mosiyanasiyana kuti mumwe mankhwalawo. Pali ma insulin omwe amapangitsa kuti azikhala ndi matenda amkati, osokoneza bongo komanso osakanikirana. Amaperekedwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana, akumangiriza zakudya zamagulu awa.

Hypoglycemia

Vuto limodzi la insulin mankhwala ndi hypoglycemia. Vutoli limachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni. Poterepa, wodwalayo amamva kuperewera kwamphamvu kwa chakudya m'thupi. Nthawi itatha jakisoni, shuga m'magazi amatha kutsika kwambiri. Izi zimabweretsa kukhazikitsa dziko la hypoglycemic.

Ngati wodwalayo adagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali, zimatha kuchitika panthawi yomwe chikhazikitso chazambiri. Mukamamwa mahomoni othamanga, matendawa amakula msanga.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti mtundu wamavuto amtunduwu wa insulin, monga hypoglycemia, ungachitike osati chifukwa chofuna kudya molakwika timadzi tambiri. Pambuyo pakuchita masewera, masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kusokonekera kwamalingaliro, nthawi zambiri amakula.

Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, Zizindikiro zoyambirira za vutoli zimatha kuchitika ndi chizindikiro cha 5.5 mmol / L. Izi zimayambitsidwa ndi kutsika msanga kwamisempha. Ngati kuchepa kukucheperachepera, munthu sangamve kupatuka mu moyo wawo kwanthawi yayitali. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kutsika pang'ono kufika ku 2.7 mmol / L.

Munthu aliyense amene ali ndi vuto lotere ayenera kudziwa za zovuta zam'thupi mwake komanso zovuta za insulin. Zizindikiro zazikulu za hypoglycemia ndikumverera kwa njala yayikulu, kupweteka kwa mtima, miyendo ndi kunjenjemera, komanso thukuta. Ngati kusowa kwa chakudya chamafuta kumawonjezeka, kukomoka kumawonekera. Munthu akhoza kulephera kuzindikira.

Momwe mungakhalire ndi hypoglycemia?

Kupewera kwa zovuta za insulin chithandizo kumatanthauza, choyamba, kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa zochitika zosiyanasiyana komanso kulimbana nawo.

Ngati munthu akuwona kuti kuchuluka kwake kwa shuga akutsika, muyenera kudya chakudya chochepa chopatsa mphamvu. Itha kukhala 100 g ya muffin, tiyi wokoma kapena zidutswa 3-4 za shuga woyengedwa. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi vutoli nthawi zonse amakhala ndi zotsekemera pachikwama kapena m'thumba. Izi ndi njira zodziwikiratu zomwe nthawi zina zimatha kupulumutsa miyoyo.

Ngati mutatha kudya zakudya zam'kati mwa calcium palibe kusintha kumachitika, amadya gawo limodzi la maswiti.

Kupanda kutero, munthu akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemic. Apa mudzafunika thandizo la madokotala. Gulu la ambulansi limalowetsa 60 ml ya glucose solution (40%) kudzera m'mitsempha. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wodekha. Ngati palibe kusintha komwe kwachitika, pakatha mphindi 10 jakisoni mobwerezabwereza.

Ngati munthu akukhala kudera lakutali kwambiri ndi mzinda komwe ambulansi imatha kupitilira mphindi zoposa 20, ayenera kukhala ndi zonse zofunikira panyumba zokhala ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi. Achibale ayenera kutenga maphunziro a glucose wolowa. Izi ndizofunikira.

Hypoglycemia imatha kubweretsa imfa ngati kuli koyenera, kuchitapo kanthu panthawi yake sikumatenge. Makamaka, kuphwanya kotere kumachitika mwa anthu okalamba omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, kapena ubongo. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatsikira pafupipafupi, izi zidzatsogolera kukula kwa malingaliro osasintha. Kukumbukira ndi luntha zikuwonongeka.

Kukana insulini

Chimodzi mwazovuta za insulin therapy ndikuchepa kwa chidwi cha maselo kupita ku mahomoni. Vutoli limachitika pazifukwa zingapo. Zotsatira zake, munthu amakhala ndi insulin kukana. Pankhaniyi, mlingo wa mankhwalawa ukuwonjezeka. Kuti apange kuchuluka kwa kusowa kwa mahomoni, muyezo wa insulin wa 100-200 umafunika.

Kupatuka kofananako kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chiwerengero kapena kuyanjana kwa ma receptors mthupi. Vutoli nthawi zambiri limakhala chotsatira cha kukula kwa ma antibodies ku mahomoni kapena ma receptors omwe.

Kukana kwa insulini kumachitika, monga lamulo, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni ndi ma enzymes ena kapena kumangika kwake ndi ma immune immune.

Kuzindikira kwa mankhwalawa kumatha kuchepa ndikukula kwa mahomoni a contrainsulin.

Kuti apereke chithandizo choyenera, dokotala ayenera kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa mawonekedwe ngati amenewo. Panthawi yodziwitsa, zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana (mwachitsanzo, sinusitis, cholecystitis, etc.) amachotsedwa. Kuwunika kwa magwiridwe am'magazi a endocrine kumachitidwanso. Dokotala adzachotsa mtundu wa inulin. Nthawi zina chithandizo chimathandizidwa ndimapiritsi omwe amathandizira kuchepetsa shuga mthupi.

Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa chomwe chimayambitsa kupsinjika kwa insulin. Kugwiritsa ntchito glucocorticoids kukuwonetsedwa nthawi zina. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa insulin umatuluka. Pamodzi ndi izi, wodwalayo amatenga prednisone (1 mg / kg) kwa masiku 10. Pambuyo pake, malinga ndi momwe wodwalayo alili, mlingo wa mankhwalawo umachepetsedwa.

Nthawi zina, dokotalayo amamulembera wodwala matenda a insulin. Thupi siligwirizana ndi ma antibodies, pafupifupi silimayambitsa ziwengo. Ndikofunikira kusintha molondola mtundu wa mahomoni amtunduwu.

Ili ndi vuto linanso lomwe limakhalapo chifukwa cha mankhwala. Allergies amatha kukhala amderalo komanso wamba.

Kachiwiri, urticaria imachitika pankhope ndi khosi. Kholingo, kukokoloka kwa mucous nembanemba wa mphuno, maso ndi pakamwa zitha kuwoneka. Nthawi zina mantha a anaphylactic amayamba.

Vuto la insulin ladzikoli likuwonetsedwa ndi kutupa ndi kuyimitsidwa m'malo a jakisoni. Komanso, kuumitsa kungatsimikizidwe pano. Mkhalidwe wotere nthawi zambiri umayambitsidwa ndi jakisoni wosayenera (singano ndiyosalala kapena wandiweyani, mankhwalawo ndi ozizira).

Zinthu ngati izi zimafunikira m'malo mwa mtundu wa insulin. Mutha kusintha wopanga mahomoni kapena kusintha kuchokera pakukonzekera kwachinyama kukhala munthu. Thupi la ziwengo nthawi zambiri limachitika chifukwa cha thupi osati mahomoni, koma mosasungidwa. Zowonjezera za jakisoni zimatha kukhala zosiyana kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ina ya insulin.

Ngati mankhwalawa sangasinthidwe, pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi. Mwa zovuta zovuta, Hydrocortisone ndiyabwino. Woopsa, sankhani "calcium" Chloride "," Diphenhydramine "," Suprastin ", ndi ena.

Lipodystrophy

Poganizira zovuta za insulin mankhwala mwa ana ndi akulu, ndikofunikira kuzindikira mkhalidwe monga lipodystrophy. Itha kukhala hypertrophic komanso atrophic.

Kachiwiri, zamatsenga zimayamba motsutsana ndi maziko azokhalitsa oopsa. Asayansi sakudziwika mwanjira zina zachitukuko cha mayiko oterowo. Ena a iwo amakhulupirira kuti kupatuka kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa chatsoka lomwe limapweteketsa mitsempha komanso zovuta zina zakumudzi za mtundu wa neurotrophic. Matenda oterewa amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha insulin yosakwanira.

Ndikofunikira kusinthira ku kulandila kwa nyimbo zokhazokha. Pankhaniyi, kuwonetsera koyipa kumachepetsedwa. Muyeneranso kupaka jekeseni m'njira yoyenera.

Poyerekeza ndi maziko a lipodystrophy, insulin kukana nthawi zambiri kumayamba. Ngati pali kuthekera kwa zoterezi, muyenera kusintha malo a jekeseni, kutsatira malamulo onse a insulin. Komanso, mahomoni pankhaniyi ayenera kuchepetsedwa m'njira yofanana ndi yankho (0.5%) ya novocaine.

Chophimba pamaso pamaso, kuyabwa, mawanga, chikopa

Mavuto a insulin mankhwala amatha kukhala osiyana kwambiri. Nthawi zina anthu amadandaula kuti ali ndi chophimba pamaso pawo chifukwa cha mankhwalawa. Zimayambitsa kusasangalala, nkovuta kuwerenga chilichonse. Izi zitha kukhala zowopsa. Chizindikiro ichi nthawi zambiri chimasokonezedwa ndi retinopathy (kuwonongeka kwa fundus).

Koma chophimba nthawi zambiri chimayamba chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a mandala. Amachita chidwi ndikumwa mankhwalawo. Chophimba pamaso maso chikuwonekera mwa anthu omwe ayamba kumwa mahomoni. Pakatha milungu iwiri, chizindikirochi chimazimiririka. Palibe chifukwa chake muyenera kusiya kupereka jakisoni pakakhala chizindikiro chofananira.

Miyendo imatupa mukamamwa insulin. Ichi ndi chizindikiro chosakhalitsa, chomwe chimawonedwa m'masabata oyambilira a mankhwala. Chifukwa cha mahomoni, sodium ndi madzi zimasungidwa m'thupi. Pang'onopang'ono, thupi limazolowera zinthu zatsopano. Kutupa kumatha. Pazifukwa zomwezi, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatha kuwonjezeka kumayambiriro kwa zamankhwala.

Patsamba la jakisoni, mawanga ofiira owoneka bwino amatha kudwala. Amayambitsa kusasangalala kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, mankhwalawa amasakanikirana ndi hydrocortisone. M'mbuyomu, odwala ena adazindikira kuti zimachitika akalandira insulin ngati chithupsa. Masiku ano, zoterezi sizipezeka konse.

Kupatuka kwina

Palinso zovuta zina za insulin. Chimodzi mwazinthu zosasangalatsa ndizowonjezera kulemera mwachangu. Odwala omwe amatenga timadziwo amachira pafupifupi makilogalamu 3-5. Izi ndizabwinobwino. Kutenga insulin kumayambitsa njira ya lipogenesis (mafomu amafuta pansi pa khungu). Komanso, chidwi chitha kuwonjezera.

Kuti mukhale ndi chithunzi, muyenera kusankha zakudya mosamala. Pafupipafupi chakudya, zakudya zake zopatsa mphamvu zimafunikira kuwongolera. Kupanda kutero, izi sizingakhudze chithunzi chokhacho, komanso thanzi lonse. Ma pathologies osiyanasiyana amatha kuwoneka, amayamba chifukwa chakulemera kwambiri.

Ndizofunikanso kudziwa kuti kumwa insulini kumapangitsa kuchepa kwa potaziyamu m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, odwala matenda a shuga amawonetsedwa zakudya zapadera. Menyuyi iyenera kuwonjezera zipatso, zipatso, zipatso, (masamba a anyezi, kabichi, radishes). Pogwiritsa ntchito machitidwe anu a tsiku ndi tsiku, zakudya ndi kayendetsedwe ka insulin, mutha kuchepetsa zotsatirapo zoyipa za thupi.

Kupewa

Aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa momwe angapewere zovuta za insulin. Malamulo angapo osavuta ayenera kutsatiridwa. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Izi zimachitika pambuyo chakudya. Zizindikiro ndizokhazikika. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuzindikira ngati panali kupsinjika kwakuthupi kapena kwamalingaliro. Matenda, makamaka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kapena chikhalidwe chotupa, ziyeneranso kudziwidwa pokonzekera zotsatira za kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Mlingo wa insulin uyenera kusinthidwa ndi dokotala. Nthawi yomweyo kutsatira zakudya zapadera. Mutha kuwongolera shuga anu pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zoyeserera. Amamizidwa mu mkodzo, ndipo zotsatira zake zimayang'anidwa pamunda wowongolera. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndikolondola kwambiri, koma kunyumba, mizere yoyesera ndiyosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Mutha kugula glucometer. Ikukuthandizani kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola zokhudzana ndi momwe munthu aliri panthawi inayake masana.

Wodwala matenda ashuga amayenera kuyang'anira thupi lake. Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri kumafuna kuwongolera mwachangu.

Mutaganizira zovuta za insulin mankhwala, mutha kudziwa kupezeka kwawo koyambirira. Kutsatira malamulo omveka bwino a kumwa mankhwalawa, mutha kupewa zinthu zosasangalatsa mtsogolo.

Mitundu ya Insulin Therapy

Ngati wodwala alibe zovuta za kunenepa kwambiri ndipo samakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri, insulin imayikidwa mu ½ - 1 unit 1 nthawi patsiku malinga ndi 1 kg ya thupi. Nthawi yomweyo, insulin yokwanira imakhala ngati chida chobisika cha mahomoni.

Malamulo a insulin chithandizo amafunika kukwaniritsidwa kwa zinthu izi:

• mankhwalawa amayenera kulowa m'thupi la wodwalayo wokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito shuga,
• ma insulin omwe amalumikizidwa kunja ayenera kukhala kutsanzira kwathunthu kwa secretion, ndiye kuti, zomwe zikondazo zimatulutsa (kuphatikiza malo omwe atulutsira chakudya kwambiri).

Zofunikira zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa zimafotokozera mtundu wa insulin mankhwala, momwe mulingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku umagawikidwira nthawi yayitali kapena yopanga ma insulin.

Ma insulin aatali nthawi zambiri amathandizidwa m'mawa ndi madzulo ndipo amayeserera mwamphamvu zochita zogwiritsira ntchito kapamba.

Kumwa insulini yochepa ndikofunikira mukatha kudya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu.Mlingo wa insulin yamtunduwu umatsimikiziridwa payekhapayekha ndipo umatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa ma XE (magawo a mkate) pachakudya chopatsidwa.

Chithandizo cha insulin pa nthawi ya pakati

Chithandizo cha matenda osokoneza bongo pa nthawi ya bere cholinga chake ndi kusungitsa ndende ya magazi, yomwe iyenera kukhala:

• M'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu - 3.3-5.6 mmol / l.
• Mutatha kudya, 5.6-7.2 mmol / L.

Kutsimikiza kwa shuga m'magazi kwa miyezi 1-2 kumakupatsani mwayi wowunika momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira. Kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi la mayi wapakati ndi chododometsa kwambiri. Izi zimafunikira kukonzanso pafupipafupi kwa regimen (regimen) ya insulin.

Kwa amayi apakati omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, chithandizo cha insulin chimayikidwa motere: pofuna kupewa m'mawa ndi pambuyo pa hyperglycemia, wodwalayo amafunika jekeseni osachepera awiri patsiku.

Insulin yochepa kapena yapakati imayendetsedwa isanayambike chakudya cham'mawa chisanafike komanso chakudya chisanafike. Mlingo wophatikiza ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku uyenera kugawidwa moyenera: 2/3 ya voliyumu yonse imakonzekera m'mawa, ndipo gawo 1/3 - asanadye chakudya chamadzulo.

Popewa usiku ndi m'mawa hyperglycemia, mlingo "musanadye" umasinthidwa kukhala jakisoni wopangidwa asanagone.

KULIMBITSA NDI KUSONYEZA

Chithandizo cha odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu 2 chimafunika chiwembu. Chofunika cha mankhwalawa ndikuti wodwalayo amayamba kuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono Mlingo wa basal insulin ndi mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba yomwe amakumana ndi kukonzekera koyambira, komwe kumapangidwira m'njira yopanda insulin (mwachitsanzo, insulin glargine), odwala ayenera kuyima pa 10 IU patsiku. Makamaka, jakisoni amaperekedwa nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati matenda a shuga akupitiliza kuyenda ndikuphatikizidwa kwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga (mawonekedwe a piritsi) ndi jakisoni wa basal samatsogolera pazotsatira zomwe zikufunidwa, pankhaniyi adotolo akuganiza zosamutsa wodwalayo kwathunthu ku regimen regimen.

Nthawi yomweyo, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana kumalimbikitsidwa, koma aliyense wa iwo ayenera kuvomerezedwa ndi adokotala.

Ana ndi gulu lapadera la odwala, chifukwa chake chithandizo cha insulini chokhudza matenda a shuga a ana nthawi zonse chimafunikira munthu payekha. Nthawi zambiri, pofuna kuchiza ana, ziwembu zomwe zimachitika kawiri kawiri pa kayendetsedwe ka insulin zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa jakisoni kwa odwala ang'onoang'ono, kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala omwe amakhala ndi nthawi yochepa komanso yapakatikati kumachitika.

Chithandizo cha insulin chimachitika mogwirizana ndi dongosolo lotsatirali:

1. Musanapange jekeseni wapansipansi, tsamba lamalowo limapindika.
2. Kudya pambuyo jakisoni sikuyenera kupitilira theka la ola.
3. Mlingo waukulu kwambiri sungadutse mayunitsi 30.

Munthawi zonsezi, dongosolo lenileni la insulin liyenera kukhala dokotala. Posachedwa, ma syringes a insulin agwiritsidwa ntchito pochita mankhwala, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito syringes yanthawi zonse ndi singano yochepa thupi kwambiri.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zolembera za syringe kumakhala koyenera pazifukwa zingapo:

• Chifukwa cha singano yapadera, kupweteka kwa jakisoni kumachepetsedwa.
• Kusavuta kwa chipangizocho kumakulolani kuti mupange jakisoni kulikonse komanso nthawi iliyonse.
• Mapensulo ena a syringe ali ndi mbale za insulin, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mankhwalawa aphatikizidwe komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana.

Zomwe zimapangidwira mu insulin regimen yamtundu wa 1 komanso mtundu wa 2 wa shuga ndi motere:

1. Asanadye chakudya cham'mawa, wodwalayo ayenera kupereka mankhwala osakhalitsa kapena a nthawi yayitali.
2. Jakisoni wa insulin musanadye masana ayenera kukhala ndi mahomoni osakhalitsa.
3. Jakisoni yemwe asanachitike chakudya chamadzulo amaphatikizapo insulin yochepa.
4. Asanagone, wodwalayo ayenera kukonzekera kwa nthawi yayitali.

Pali madera angapo oyendetsera thupi la munthu. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kwa mankhwala m'gawo lililonse ndi kosiyana. Mimba imayamba kugwira chisonyezo ichi.

Ndi malo osankhidwa molakwika, makonzedwe a insulin sangapereke zotsatira zabwino.

National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education Sub. Shupika

Ndipo nsuli ot erap ndi Ine (IT) ndi njira imodzi yofunika kwambiri yochizira matenda osokoneza bongo (mM). Kutengera mtundu wamatendawo, matendawa akuwonetsedwa mu 1/3 mwa milandu ya matenda awa.

Odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga ndi 15-25% ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2 (omwe amamwa insulini wambiri) amafunikira. Nthawi zina, makamaka muzochitika zopsinjika (matenda, kuledzera, zoopsa, opaleshoni, ndi zina zambiri)

d.), kukhazikitsidwa kwakanthawi kwa insulini ndikofunikira kwa odwala ngakhale odwala pang'ono pang'ono omwe sanalandire.

Odwala ambiri amalola chithandizo cha insulin bwino ndipo gawo lokha lomwe limatha kukhala ndi zovuta monga insulin, hypoglycemia, kukana kwina, mawonekedwe a l ipodystrophy, insulin edema, chitukuko cha zochitika za Somogy, inulin presbyopia ndi khungu hyperalgesia.

Zomwe zimakhudzana ndi mayankho a thupi pakupereka insulin ngati mapuloteni akunja (kapena pazinthu zomwe zimapanga mankhwala).

Phenomena chifukwa cha mphamvu ya insulin ngati timadzi timene timayendetsa kagayidwe kazachilengedwe.

Mpaka posachedwa, zovuta za IT zimapangidwa momwe anthu wamba amakhudzidwira. Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimatha kupangitsa mapangidwe omalizirawo, monga: mtundu ndi mtundu wa insulin, kuchuluka kwa kuyeretsedwa kwake komanso mkhalidwe wake wosakanikirana, zinthu zothandizira zomwe zikuphatikizidwa pakukonzekera, pH ya sing'anga, njira ndi dongosolo la kayendetsedwe, momwe thupi la wodwalayo lilili, zaka komanso mtundu wakubadwa.

Katundu wotchuka kwambiri wa immunogenic amakhala mwachilengedwe mu bovine, zochepa - insulin. Njira zoyipa zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito ma insulini oyeretsa kwambiri, makamaka kwamikodzo ndi anthu, ndizosowa.

Zotsatira zomwezi zimaphatikizidwanso ndi zothandizira zomwe zimaphatikizidwa pakukonzekera (zinc, buffer stabilizer, preservatives), komanso momwe insulin imachitikira.

Njira yokhayo yothandizira phlegmon
pakadali pano
kutseguka ndi ngalande za omwe akhudzidwa
malo ochezera. Nthawi zambiri
muyenera kusintha kukonzanso kapena
ngalande zoteteza za
zochitika zapakati, komwe kufalikira
mafinya kwambiri.

Ntchito ndi
za phlegmon pamafunika chidziwitso chozama
pa anatogical topographic ndipo ayenera
ochitidwa ndi okhawo oyenereradi
dokotala wakuchita opaleshoni
opaleshoni. Tatseka potulutsa
ndi mankhwala a puncture ogwirira ntchito
ndi abscesses, mankhwalawa phlegmon
osaloledwa.

Kuperewera kwa zowoneka
kuyang'anira njira yotupa
njira, kuthekera kwachangu
mafinya amafalikira pa fascial
milandu imapangitsa njirazi kwambiri
owopsa.

Pamodzi ndi njira zopangira opaleshoni, ndi
ma phlegm nthawi zambiri amafunikira
antimicrobial, detoxization ndi
Katemera wa immunocorrective. Ganizirani
kusowa kwa njira zoyang'anira
mumalowedwe otayirira, ngakhale atakhala ambiri
lotseguka phlegmon ndikofunikira
mankhwala a antiotic mankhwala omwe
zipitirire mpaka chilondacho chizitsuka.

Ndikofunikira makamaka kutsindika kusatsimikizika
mankhwala okhazikika phlegmon mu
magawo oyambira "," pa siteji
kulowerera kolowera ",
Yalangizidwa ndi olemba pawokha.
Amatha kuchizidwa mosamala
yotupa yolowerera, i.e.
ntchito yokonza,
ndipo ngati zingatheke
chizindikiritso cholondola cha kuphatikizira kulowetsedwa
koyambirira.

Muzochitika
momwe zitha kukhalira
yotupa subcutaneous kulowa
CHIKWANGWANI

Kukana insulini

Nthawi zambiri ndi matenda ashuga, chidwi cha maselo kupita ku insulin chimachepa. Kutiilipira chakudya cha carbohydrate metabolism, 100-200 PIECES of hormone is hlokahala.

Komabe, izi zimachitika osati chifukwa chakuchepa chabe kwa zomwe zili kapena kutsutsana kwa mapuloteni, komanso pamene ma antibodies a receptor kapena mahomoni amawonekera. Komanso, kukana insulini kumayamba motsutsana ndi kumbuyo kwa kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni ndi ma enzymes ena kapena mphamvu yake.

Kuphatikiza apo, kusowa kwa chidwi kumawonekera pakuwonekera kwa secretion ya mahomoni a contrainsulin. Izi zimachitika motsutsana ndi maziko a hypercortinism, kuphatikiza zakumwa zoledzeretsa, acromegaly ndi pheochromocytoma.

Maziko a chithandizo ndikuzindikira mtundu wa momwe aliri. Kuti izi zitheke, chotsani chizindikiro cha matenda opatsirana (cholecystitis, sinusitis), matenda a endocrine glands. Komanso, mtundu wa insulin umalowedwa m'malo kapena mankhwala a insulin amathandizidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga.

Nthawi zina, glucocorticoids amasonyezedwa. Kuti muchite izi, onjezani mlingo wa mahomoni tsiku ndi tsiku ndikukupatseni chithandizo cha masiku khumi ndi prednisone (1 mg / kg).

Kupitilira apo, potengera momwe wodwalayo alili, mlingo wa mankhwalawo umachepetsedwa. Koma nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama mwachidule (mpaka 15 mg pa tsiku) ndikofunikira.

Komanso, chifukwa cha kukana insulini, insulin yokwanira ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ubwino wake ndikuti sizigwira ntchito ndi ma antibodies, ilinso ndi ntchito yachilengedwe ndipo sikuti imayambitsa mavuto. Koma posinthana ndi mankhwalawa, odwala ayenera kudziwa kuti mlingo wa woyeserera, poyerekeza ndi mawonekedwe osavuta, umachepetsedwa kukhala ¼ wa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa.

Insulin ikaperekedwa, zovuta zake zimakhala zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, mwa odwala ena pali ziwopsezo, zomwe zimadziwoneka m'mitundu iwiri:

1. Pafupi. Maonekedwe a erythematous, chodzidzimutsa, kuyatsidwa papule kapena kuumitsa malo a jekeseni.
2. Generalized, momwe urticaria (khosi, nkhope) kumachitika, nseru, khungu kuyabwa, kukokoloka pa mucous nembanemba mkamwa, maso, mphuno, nseru, kupweteka m'mimba, kusanza, kuzizira, kutentha. Nthawi zina mantha a anaphylactic amayamba.

Pofuna kupewa kupitirira kwa chifuwa, kubwezeretsa insulin nthawi zambiri kumachitika. Chifukwa chaichi, mahomoni a nyama amasinthidwa ndi mahomoni amunthu kapena wopanga mankhwalawo amasinthidwa.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti ziwonetserozo sizimangokhala kokha pa mahomoni pawokha, koma pazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyimitsa. Potere, makampani opanga mankhwala amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana.

Ngati sikutheka kusintha mankhwalawa, ndiye kuti insulin imaphatikizidwa ndikukhazikitsa milingo yaying'ono (mpaka 1 mg) ya hydrocortisone. Zotsatira zoyipa za thupi lanu, mankhwala otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Calcium calcium
• Hydrocortisone
• Diphenhydramine,
• Suprastin ndi ena.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti chiwonetsero cha mankhwala amderalo nthawi zambiri chimawonekera ngati jakisoni wachitika molakwika.

Mwachitsanzo, pankhani yosankha kolakwika kwa malo a jakisoni, kuwonongeka kwa khungu (lothwa, singano yayikulu), kukhazikitsa ndalama zozizira kwambiri.

Pastipsulip Lipodystrophy

Pali mitundu iwiri ya lipodystrophy - atrophic ndi hypertrophic. Mtundu wa atrophic wa pathology umayamba motsutsana ndi maziko amtundu wautundu wa hypertrophic.

Momwe mawonekedwe a post-jakisoni amtunduwu amachitikira sakhazikitsidwe. Komabe, madotolo ambiri amawonetsa kuti amawonekera chifukwa cha zowawa zaposachedwa zam'mitsempha yamatenda yomwe ili ndi zovuta zina zakumaloko. Zolakwika zimathanso kuchitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito insulin mosakwanira.

Koma mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa othandizira, kuchuluka kwa lipodystrophy kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Chofunikira china ndikuwongolera kolakwika kwa mahomoni, mwachitsanzo, hypothermia ya malo a jakisoni, kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kozizira ndi zina zotero.

Nthawi zina, motsutsana ndi maziko a lipodystrophy, insulin kukana kosiyanasiyana kumachitika.

Ngati matenda ashuga amakonzedweratu kuoneka ngati lipodystrophy, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti azitsatira malamulo a insulin mankhwala, kusintha malo a jakisoni tsiku lililonse. Komanso, pofuna kupewa kupezeka kwa lipodystrophy, timadzi timadzi timene timaphatikizidwa ndi voliyumu yofanana ya Novocaine (0.5%).

Kuphatikiza apo, zidapezeka kuti lipoatrophy imazimiririka pambuyo pokumana ndi insulin ya anthu.

Zotsatira zina za insulin

Nthawi zambiri odwala matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, chophimba chimawonekera pamaso. Izi zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamasangalale kwambiri, motero sangathe kulemba ndi kuwerenga nthawi zonse.

Odwala ambiri amalakwitsa chizindikiro ichi cha matenda ashuga retinopathy. Koma chophimba pamaso pa maso ndi chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kusintha kwa mandala.

Zotsatira zake zimadutsa palokha pakatha masiku 14-30 kuyambira poyambira chithandizo. Chifukwa chake, palibe chifukwa chododometsera chithandizo.

Zovuta zina zamatenda a insulin ndizotupa za m'munsi. Koma mawonetseredwe oterowo, monga mavuto amawonedwe, amapita okha.

Kutupa kwa miyendo kumachitika chifukwa cha kusungidwa kwa madzi ndi mchere, komwe kumayamba jakisoni wa insulin. Komabe, pakapita nthawi, thupi limasinthana ndi mankhwalawa, motero limasiya kudzikundikira madzi.

Pazifukwa zomwezo, poyambira chithandizo kwa odwala, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatha kuwonjezeka nthawi ndi nthawi.

Komanso, motsutsana ndi maziko a mankhwala a insulin, odwala matenda ashuga ena amalemera. Pafupifupi, odwala amachira ndi ma kilogalamu 3-5. Kupatula apo, chithandizo cha mahomoni chimayambitsa lipogenesis (njira yopanga mafuta) ndikuwonjezera chilimbikitso. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo ayenera kusintha zakudya, makamaka, zopatsa mphamvu zake komanso zakudya zake pafupipafupi.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuyendetsa insulin mosalekeza kumapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala m'magazi. Vutoli limatha kuthana ndi zakudya zapadera.

Pachifukwa ichi, menyu tsiku ndi tsiku a odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala odzaza ndi zipatso za zipatso, zipatso (currants, sitiroberi), zitsamba (parsley) ndi masamba (kabichi, radish, anyezi).