Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulin: zotsatira, zizindikiro

Komabe, munthu aliyense wodalira insulin, kamodzi kamodzi m'moyo wake, samakumana ndi zosasangalatsa zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri. Zizindikiro za bongo zikuphatikiza:

kufooka kwa minofu
kugwedezeka miyendo,
lilime ndi thambo,
thukuta lozizira
ludzu
kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima.

Zizindikiro zonsezi ndizizindikiro za hypoglycemic syndrome, zolimbikitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi. Iyenera kuyimitsidwa posachedwa. Kupanda kutero, wodwalayo akhoza kugwa, nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kutuluka, ndipo insulin yodwala ndiyo imayambitsa zonsezi.

Hypoglycemic chikomokere

Kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, iyi ndi mkhalidwe wovuta kwambiri womwe umayambitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin ya mahomoni. Chithunzi cha chipatala chimagawidwa m'magulu anayi, iliyonse yomwe imadziwika ndi zizindikiro zina.

Pa gawo loyamba la hypoglycemic coma, hypoxia ya minyewa yam'mimba imayamba. Zizindikiro zowonekera bwino za gawo loyamba zalongosoledwa pamwambapa.
Mu gawo lachiwiri, gawo la ubongo la hypothalamic-pituitary. Nthawi yomweyo, wodwalayo amalumbira ndipo amatha kuchita zosayenera.
Mbali yachitatu, kusokonezeka kwa magwiridwe antchito a midbrain ndizofanana. Amawonetsedwa ndi ana osokoneza bongo komanso kukhumudwa, mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo umafanana ndi kuukira kwa khunyu.
Gawo lachinayi, lomwe munthu sazindikira, ndilofunika. Kugunda kwa mtima wa wodwalayo ndi kugunda kwa mtima kumachuluka. Ngati palibe chomwe chikuchitika panthawiyi, matendawa amatha kudzutsa matenda kwambiri komanso kufa.

Munthu amene wadwala nthenda ya hypoglycemic mosalephera amakhala ndi zotsatirapo za vuto lakumaperesi. Ngakhale wodwalayo atha kutuluka msanga motere, amayamba kudalira jakisoni wambiri. Ngati m'mbuyomu zizindikiro za insulin yosaneneka kale sizinadziwike pokhapokha patatha maola awiri, ndiye kuti pakumapuma, wodwalayo amayamba kufooka patatha ola limodzi.

Thandizo loyamba

Musanaganize chilichonse, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amatsogolera pazomwe zili pamwambapa. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyeza mulingo wa shuga wamagazi ndi glucometer - chipangizo chopangidwa mwapadera. Mamita masekondi 5 amapereka zotsatira za kusanthula. Zisonyezero za 5.7 mmol / L ndizomwe zili ponseponse, ndipo zotsikirako chizindikiro, kuvutika kwambiri komwe wodwala akukumana nako.

Ntchito yayikulu pakupereka chithandizo choyamba ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Pali njira ziwiri zochitira izi:

Mupatseni munthuyu chakudya china chokoma, monga maswiti, bun, chokoleti chokoleti, tiyi wokoma.
Fotokozerani wodwalayo njira yatsopano ya shuga, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumatsimikizika mogwirizana ndi momwe wodwalayo alili.

Poyesa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, simungathe kupita patali kwambiri ndi mafuta. Shuga owonjezera mwa munthu wathanzi amatha kusungidwa mu glycogen, kenako ndikugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu. Kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, madipoziti amenewo amadzaza ndi kuchepa kwa minofu komanso kufooka kwa thupi.

Momwe mungapewere bongo wa insulin

Pafupipafupi komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a insulini kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa kokha ndi endocrinologist. Wodwalayo ayenera kutsatira malangizo ake ndikubaya jakisoni ndi ola. Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda ashuga amadzibweretsera tokha, zomwe zimakhala zowongoka. Kuti muchite izi, mankhwala amakono apanga ma cholembera apadera omwe safunikira insulini mu syringe. Wodwalayo amangofika pamlingo womwe umafunikira womwe udalipo. Jakisoni wa insulin amachitidwa chakudya chisanayambe kapena itatha, zonse zimadalira malangizo a dokotala.

Malamulo okonzekera insulin:

Mulingo woyenera wa insulin umakokedwa mu syringe.
Malowo jakisoni amathandizidwa ndi mowa.
Pambuyo pa jekeseni, simuyenera kuchotsa singano yokha m'thupi, muyenera kudikirira masekondi 10 mpaka mankhwalawa atamwa.

M'mimba ndikuti gawo la thupi lomwe limakhala lotseguka mwachangu, motero insulin imalowetsedwa m'derali. Ngati mankhwalawo awonjezeredwa m'matumbo a miyendo, ndiye kuti mayamwidwe ake azikhala otsika kwambiri, motero, mayamwidwewo adzakulirakulira.

Wathanzi insulin poyizoni

Mankhwala, pali zotere - poizoni wa insulin. Milandu yofananira ngati munthu wathanzi lathunthu atalandira mlingo wa insulin ndizotheka kokha ndi malingaliro osasamala a ogwira ntchito kuchipatala.

Kuchita izi mosakayikira kumayambitsa kuyamwa kwambiri kwa thupi. Panthawi imeneyi, insulini yokwezeka imakhala ngati poizoni, wochepetsa kwambiri shuga.

Poizoni wa insulin ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

kuthamanga kwa magazi
arrhasmia,
mutu
mgwirizano woyenda,
nkhalwe
kumverera kwa mantha
njala
kufooka wamba.

Thandizo loyamba la insulin poyizoni ndilofanana ndi bongo wa insulin. Wodwalayo ayenera kudya chakudya chilichonse chomwe chili ndi chakudya chamafuta. Mankhwala ena onse ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi akatswiri.

Kodi mankhwala osokoneza bongo angapatsidwe bwanji kwa odwala matenda ashuga?

Nthawi zambiri, kukonzekera kwa insulin kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda ashuga. Komabe, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamasewera (zomanga thupi).

Ngati munthu akudwala matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, ma pancreatic β-cell satulutsa chinthuchi. Pazifukwa izi, wodwala amayenera kupereka insulin nthawi zonse kuchokera kunja. Kukonzekera koteroko kumakhala ndi cholowa m'malo mwa ma hormone. Ndi chithandizo chawo, othandizira othandizira odwala matenda amtundu wa 1 amachitidwa. Pambuyo pa jekeseni, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumachepa, ndipo mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo ukupita bwino.

Izi zimaganizira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi. Kuti mankhwalawa asayambitse vuto, wodwalayo ayenera kuyang'ananso matendawo pafupipafupi.

Madokotala amatchula zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi insulin yambiri:

Dokotala amapereka kukonzekera kwa insulin kwa munthu wathanzi,
Endocrinologist kapena wodwala wasankha molakwika mlingo wa insulin,
Nthawi zina odwala amapitilira muyeso wamankhwala mukasinthira mtundu wina wamankhwala kapena kugwiritsa ntchito syringe yina.
Wodwalayo sapaka insulin pansi pa khungu, koma m'matumbo,
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri ndikusowa kwamafuta pambuyo pa jakisoni,
Munthu wodwala matenda ashuga amalakwitsa atamwa insulini yofulumira komanso pang'onopang'ono,
Wodwalayo amalumpha kudya atayamwa mankhwala okhala ndi insulin.

Kuphatikiza apo, insulin ikutuluka imakwera mpaka milungu 13 ya gestation, yovuta kulephera kugwira ntchito kwaimpso, steatosis (mafuta a chiwindi).

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga saloledwa kumwa mowa, koma ngati wodwalayo adaganizirabe kuti atenge mwayi, ndiye kuti akuyenera kutsatira malamulo otsatirawa:

Musanamwe mowa, mankhwalawa amachepetsa,
Musanamwe ndikumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa, muyenera kudya chakudya, chomwe ndi gwero la chakudya pang'onopang'ono,
Zakumwa zoledzeretsa zochepa zimalimbikitsidwa.
Ngati wodwalayo amamwa mowa wamphamvu, ndiye kuti tsiku lotsatira muyenera kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikusintha mlingo, molingana ndi izi.

Kutengera ndi malamulowa, wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kupewa insulin yambiri.

Kodi ndimtundu wanji wa metabolism womwe umachulukitsa insulin imapangitsa

Kodi ndimatenda amtundu uti omwe amachulukitsa insulin?
Zimayambitsa insulin2 yowonjezera
Chithandizo3
Mankhwala4
Zakudya5
Zotsatira za overestimated insulin6
Kupewa ndi malingaliro7

Mulingo wambiri wa insulin ukuwonetsa kukula kwa insulin. Panthawi imeneyi, maselo amthupi amayamba kugonjetsedwa ndi insulin. Kuyankha kwamaselo kumachepa, ndipo misempha ya magazi imakwera.

Zotsatira zake, ngakhale insulin yayikulu kwambiri imafunikira, kotero kapamba amayamba kupanga mahomoni owonjezera. Kutsutsa kumachitika chifukwa cha insulin kapena jekeseni wa munthu.

Ndi kukana kwa insulini, kapamba amatulutsa mahomoni ochulukirapo kuti akwaniritse zosowa za thupi. Pambuyo pake, izi zimatha kuyambitsa matenda a shuga a 2, omwe maselo sazindikira insulin. Kapena lembani matenda ashuga 1, pomwe kapamba sangatulutse timadzi tating'onoting'ono, mwina pang'ono kapena kwathunthu.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa insulini kumawonjezera zovuta zopezeka ndi matenda amtima, monga matenda a mtima, matenda oopsa, matenda a mtima, sitiroko ndi mtima.

Zomwe zimapangitsa Insulin Kuonjezera

Asayansi apeza zomwe zimayambitsa vuto monga kukana insulini. Mbali yofunika kwambiri pamenepa ndi chibadwa cha majini. Mankhwala ena amathandizira pamenepa. Zifukwa zazikulu zowonekera za kukana insulini ndizophatikiza:

kunenepa
mimba
matenda opatsirana komanso oncological,
kupsinjika
kusowa zolimbitsa thupi
kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa steroid.

Kuphatikiza apo, zomwe zimayambitsa zimatha kukhala metabolic syndrome, yomwe ndi kuphatikiza kwa zinthu, kuphatikizapo kunenepa kwambiri (makamaka pamimba), kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol yayikulu ndi triglycerides m'magazi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa ndi chiopsezo chomwe chikukulira maselo a insulin ndi insulin ndi monga:

Mwazi wamagazi nthawi zonse umakhala 3,8 mmol / L

Kupita patsogolo kwa matenda ashuga - ingomwa tsiku lililonse ...

kumwa mankhwala ena
ukalamba
kugona tulo
kusuta

Kukana kwa insulini kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha zovuta zamtundu, komanso chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa matenda akulu kapena moyo wolakwika.

Chithandizo cha chitetezo chokwanira cha maselo a insulin ndi mankhwala othandizira, dokotala (ngati wodwalayo ndi mwana) kapena endocrinologist. Choyamba, chithandizo chikuyenera kuthandizidwa pakuwongolera kuchuluka kwa insulin. Mwa izi, adotolo amafotokozera:

mankhwala omwe amasintha maganizidwe a timadzi ndi maselo,
Zakudya zamafuta ochepa
kuchita zolimbitsa thupi
kuchotsedwa kwa zinthu zingapo zowopsa (kusuta, kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol).

Kutsika kwa insulin kumachitika kawirikawiri kudzera mu chakudya komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi, ngakhale Metformin simalamulidwa. Zimathandizira osati kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa insulin mthupi, komanso kusintha maonedwe amaselo.

Mankhwala

Metformin kapena Glucophage ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pothana ndi insulin. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri. Chitani ntchito ziwiri mthupi zomwe zimathandizira kuwongolera magazi m'magazi.

Metformin simalola chiwindi kuti chimasule shuga kulowa m'magazi ndipo zimawonjezera chidwi cha minofu ndi maselo amafuta kupita ku timadzi tambiri, ndikuwathandiza pokonza shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa cha izi, Metformin imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi, yomwe imasinthanso kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi.

Metformin ili m'gulu lamankhwala otetezeka okhala ndi zovuta zochepa. Zina mwazomwe zimachitika ndi kusokonezeka kwa m'mimba: m'mimba, ululu wam'mimba, kutsekemera kwazitsulo mkamwa, bata ndi m'mimba.

Ngakhale izi, Metformin imagwirizana bwino ndi ntchito yake yochepetsera insulin ndikuwongolera chiwopsezo cha cell kwa izo, potero zimalepheretsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2.

Kufunika kwa insulin kumatha kuchepetsedwa m'njira zingapo. Choyamba, ichi ndi chakudya chamafuta ochepa. Iwo, akazilowetsa m'thupi, amachulukitsa shuga, chifukwa choti kapamba amapanga insulin yambiri.

Zakudya zamagulu ena zimatengedwa ndi thupi mwachangu, zimachedwa mwachangu (kukhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic).

Zakudya zomanga thupi zomwe zimachulukitsa shuga m'magazi zimaphatikizaponso:

msuzi wa zipatso, shuga, zipatso,
mikate yoyera
zinthu zokhala wowuma (ma cookie, mbatata, ma donuts, tchipisi),
chakudya chofulumira.

Pakulimbana ndi insulin, zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi glycemic index yotsika ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi zakudya. Zina mwa izo ndi:

Madokotala amalimbikitsa
Pochiza matenda a shuga kunyumba, akatswiri akulangizani DiaLife. Ichi ndi chida chapadera:

Amasinthasintha shuga
Amayang'anira ntchito ya pancreatic
Chotsani puffness, limayendetsa madzi kagayidwe
Amawongolera masomphenya
Zoyenera akulu ndi ana.
Alibe zotsutsana

Opanga alandila ziphaso zonse zofunika ndi ziphaso za mbiri ku Russia komanso m'maiko oyandikana.

Timapereka kuchotsera kwa owerenga tsamba lathu!

Gulani pa tsamba lovomerezeka

chakudya chamafuta ambiri (mkate wopanda tirigu, mpunga wa bulauni),
masamba osakhazikika (broccoli, nyemba zobiriwira, kaloti ndi amadyera).

Zakudya zotere, monga lamulo, zimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zochepa, koma zimakhala ndi fiber, mavitamini ndi michere yambiri.

Pofuna kupewa kutuluka kwa matenda oopsa monga matenda a shuga a 2, muyenera kudya chakudya chamagulu, kupatsirana bwino mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya.

Menyu mankhwala a insulin

zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba ambiri owumbika, mavitamini ndi michere,
mafuta amkaka ochepa otsika omwe amapatsa thupi calcium,
mbewu zonse zokhala ndi chisonyezo chotsika cha glycemic,
mtedza womwe umakhala ndi mafuta athanzi, mapuloteni ndi fiber,
nsomba zamafuta (nsomba, hering, salmon) ndi magwero a mafuta "abwino",
soya nyama ndi nyemba.

Kafukufuku wambiri akuwonetsa kuti kuchepa thupi kumapangitsa chidwi cha maselo kulowa insulin, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimathandizira kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose kuchokera m'thupi.

Hypoglycemia - zoyambitsa ndi zotsatira zake

Hypoglycemia nthawi zambiri imakhala yoopsa yokhudza thupi kugwiritsa ntchito insulin yambiri pakagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mankhwala kapena osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Vutoli limatha kuchitika mwa anthu odwala komanso iwo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mahomoni pazosewera.

Mlingo wa shuga umatha kusintha tsiku lonse. Ndi kuchepa kwake mpaka 3.5 mmol / L ndipo pansipa, hypoglycemia imachitika. Nthawi zina, izi zimachitikanso pamlingo wofika 4.5 mmol / L.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia zitha kukhala:

Mulingo waukulu wa insulin
Carbohydrate akusowa mu chakudya (XE),
Zochita zolimbitsa thupi (zazitali),
Zakudya zamavuto okhala ndi chimbudzi ndi kumasanza.

Izi zimachitika modekha komanso zowopsa. Kukhazikika kwa matendawa kumachitika mwadzidzidzi. Poyambirira, vutoli litha kuthana ndi kudziyimira pawokha, chachiwiri, thandizo la akatswiri likufunika.

Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia yofatsa:

Njala
Thupi kugwedezeka ndi kufooka
Kutukwana
Kumva mantha
Chizungulire
Kukongola kwa khungu
Zotsatira
Kuda nkhawa.

Ngati simukuchitapo kanthu kuti muthetse vuto ili, mawonekedwe owopsa nthawi zambiri amapezeka, omwe amadziwika ndi:

Kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro
Kusokonekera kwa mawu
Kutaya chikumbumtima
Kugwirizana kwamiseche,
Zingwe
Coma

Chizindikiro china chofunikira cha hypoglycemia, chomwe chimatha kupha, ndikusinza pambuyo pakulamula kwa insulin. Pankhaniyi, kudya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zam'thupi pang'ono kumafunika.Sizoletsedwa kugona nthawi ngati izi, chifukwa panthawi yopuma, insulini imatha kukwera mpaka malo ovuta kwambiri ndipo shuga amatsika pang'ono.

Anthu osiyanasiyana ali ndi hypoglycemia m'njira zosiyanasiyana, koma ngati pali ziwiri kapena zitatu mwa zomwe zalembedwa pamwambapa, muyenera kuyeza msanga msanga ndi kupereka thandizo.

Mlingo wa insulin chifukwa cha hypoglycemia

Odwala odwala matenda ashuga amadziwa kuti hypoglycemia yofewa ndi yosapeweka ndipo zimachitika kamodzi pa sabata zimawonedwa ngati zabwinobwino, ngati izi sizikugwirizana ndi insulin yambiri. Pankhaniyi, matendawa amatha kuwonongeka kwambiri pakanthawi kochepa ndipo kufa kumatha kuchitika.

Mlingo wowopsa wa insulin kwa munthu aliyense akhoza kukhala wosiyana. Ena amatha kuloleza mopepuka mlingo wa 300-500 PIECES, ena omwe ali kale pa 100 PIECES amagwa. Izi zimatengera zifukwa zambiri zomwe zafotokozedwapo kale, koma chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri ndi kulemera kwa wodwalayo.

Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, munthu yemwe ali ndi kulemera kwa 60 makilogalamu amayenera kupereka ma PISCES a 60, motero Mlingo wa 100 PIECES uli woopsa kale, ndipo munthu yemwe ali ndi kulemera kwa 90 makilogalamu komanso chizolowezi cha 90 PESCES akhoza kusamutsa mankhwalawa mosavuta. Mulimonsemo, bongo umakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu pamoyo. Izi zimachitika osati kuwonetsedwa kwa zizindikiro zingapo komanso kuwonongeka konsekonse muumoyo, komanso ku zovuta zoyipa zomwe zimatha kuchitika pambuyo pakukomoka.

Kodi chiwindi chimagwira ntchito yanji pakuphatikiza chakudya chamthupi m'thupi?

Nazi njira zotsatirazi zogwiritsira ntchito shuga mu chiwindi:

Glycolysis Makina ophatikizira amitundu yambiri a glucose oxidation popanda kutenga nawo okosijeni, chifukwa chomwe magwero amagetsi apadziko lonse amapangidwa: ATP ndi NADP - mankhwala omwe amapereka mphamvu pazinthu zonse zamitundu mitundu ndi za metabolic m'thupi,
Kusunga mu mawonekedwe a glycogen ndi nawo mahomoni insulin. Glycogen ndi mtundu wosagwiritsa ntchito glucose womwe umatha kudziunjikira ndikusungidwa m'thupi,
Lipogeneis Ngati shuga wambiri amaperekedwa kuposa momwe amafunikira ngakhale pakupanga kwa glycogen, kaphatikizidwe ka lipid kamayamba.

Udindo wa chiwindi pakudya kagayidwe kazakudya umachuluka, chifukwa cha ichi, thupi limakhala ndi chakudya chofunikira kwambiri m'thupi.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mthupi?

Udindo waukulu wa chiwindi ndikuwongolera kwa kagayidwe kazakudya ndi glucose, ndikutsatira kufotokozedwa kwa glycogen mu hepatocytes aumunthu. Chochitika ndi kutembenuka kwa shuga mothandizidwa ndi ma enzymes apadera kwambiri ndi mahomoni kukhala mawonekedwe ake apadera, njirayi imachitika kokha mu chiwindi (chikhalidwe chofunikira kuti pakhale ma cell). Kusintha kumeneku kumathandizira kwambiri ndi hexo- ndi glucokinase enzymes pamene kutsitsa shuga.

Pokonza chimbudzi (ndipo zakudya zimayamba kusweka nthawi yomweyo chakudya chikalowa mkatikati mwa pakamwa), zomwe zimakhala m'magazi zimatuluka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mayendedwe azikhala ndi cholinga chofuna kuchulukitsa. Izi zimalepheretsa kuchitika kwa hyperglycemia panthawi ya chakudya.

Shuga kuchokera m'magazi mothandizidwa ndi zingapo zamomwe zimachitika mu chiwindi chimasinthidwa kukhala cholumikizira - glycogen ndikudziunjikira mu hepatocytes ndi minofu. Ndi chiyambi cha njala yamphamvu mothandizidwa ndi mahomoni, thupi limatha kumasula glycogen kuchokera ku depot ndikumapangira glucose kuchokera pamenepo - iyi ndiyo njira yayikulu yopezera mphamvu.

Biochemistry ya glycogenolysis

Ngati thupi likusowa kwambiri shuga, glycogen imayamba kusweka. Makina osinthira amapezeka, monga lamulo, pakati pa chakudya, ndikuthamanga ndi katundu wanyumba. Njala (kusowa kwa chakudya kwa pafupifupi maola 24) kumabweretsa kutsekeka kwathunthu kwa glycogen m'chiwindi. Koma ndimakudya pafupipafupi, malo ake osungidwa bwino amakonzedwanso. Kuchuluka kwa shuga kumeneku kumatha kukhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali kwambiri, kusanachitike kufunika kovunda.

Thupi limatha kuchita zinthu zingapo nthawi imodzi kuti likhazikitse zomwe zimachitika mthupi:

Imathandizira maselo kutulutsa shuga ndi kuwonjezera kapangidwe ka glycogen.
Imathandizira kusinthana kwa ma-ion, kusamutsa ma amino acid kupita ku maselo, kumawonjezera kubwereza kwa DNA, kumachita kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni, komanso mafuta acids.
Chifukwa cha insulini, kudya mapuloteni komanso mafuta ochulukitsa m'magazi kumachepetsedwa.

Njira zomwe zafotokozedwazi zimayang'anira zochitika zosiyanasiyana mthupi. Chifukwa malamulo amachitika mothandizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwamankhwala ambiri, vuto lochulukitsa limayambitsa zovuta zomwe zimayambitsa zotsatira zakupha.

Mukamasewera masewera (mitundu ina), insulin imatengedwa kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Izi ndichifukwa choti kukonza shuga ndikofunikira kwa thupi poyambira, ndipo pokhapokha ndikuwotcha mafuta osunga. Wothamanga akalandira insulini yokhoza kugwiritsa ntchito shuga, njira yowotcha mafuta imathandizira.

Zofunika! Kuyesa kotereku komanso "malamulo" odziyimira pawokha komanso osasinthika amatha kutha kulephera. Milandu yoposa 70%, njira yolakwika yolembera kuchuluka kwa timadzi timeneti imapangitsa chikomokere, ndipo pamapeto pake zinayambitsa kuthekera kwakuthupi. Kupatuka konseku kukufotokozedwa ndikuyenda bwino kwa mbali zina zaubongo.

Zimachitika bwanji ngati mutabaya insulin mwa munthu wathanzi: mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zotsatira zake

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 amakonda kudziwa jakisoni wa insulin tsiku lililonse kuti akhale ndi moyo. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulin nthawi zambiri amapezeka. Ichi ndi mahomoni ofunikira kwambiri omwe amayang'anira shuga.

Mu matenda a shuga a shuga ndi kuperewera kwa insulin, chikomokere cha matenda ashuga ndi zotsatira zina zowopsa za matendawa zimayamba. Njira yokhayo yosakhalira ndi thanzi labwino ndikuphunzira kuwerengera bwino za insulini.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti palibe njira zotsimikizika zomwe zimatsimikizira kuchuluka koyenera kwa chinthu, motero, mankhwala osokoneza bongo a chinthuchi ndi chinthu chodziwika bwino.

Asanalandire mahomoni, dokotala yemwe amapita amawerengetsa kuchuluka kwa wodwalayo malinga ndi maphunziro ake ndi zidziwitso, motero, nthawi zina, pali insulin yambiri.

Insulin imagwira ntchito pakusunga mphamvu komanso kusintha kwa glucose obwera kukhala minyewa ya adipose, ndikuchita ntchito ya conduction shuga ikakalowa m'maselo a thupi. Insulin ndi chinthu chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndikupanga amino acid ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo.

Pali insulin m'thupi la munthu malinga ndi kuchuluka kwake, koma kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwake kumayambitsa zovuta zingapo za metabolic, zomwe zimakhala zowopsa.

Insulin ili ndi zotsatirapo zabwino komanso zabwino m'thupi la munthu.

kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka mapuloteni,
kuteteza kapangidwe ka maselo a mapuloteni,
kuteteza amino acid mu minofu minofu, yomwe imawonjezera kukula kwawo,
kutenga nawo gawo kapangidwe ka glycogens, zomwe zimathandizira kuti shuga isungike m'misempha.

Anthu amazindikiranso zinthu zoyipa zomwe zimachitika mthupi ngati muli ndi insulin yambiri m'magazi:

zimathandiza kuteteza mafuta,
Amapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsekemera za ma cell zolandilira,
bwino mafuta acid synthesis,
kumawonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi
amachepetsa kutanuka kwa makoma amitsempha yamagazi,
zimathandizira kuti pakhale maselo owononga chotupa.

Mu nthawi yokhazikika ya seramu yamagazi, insulin imakhala kuchokera 3 mpaka 28 mcU / ml.

Kuti phunziroli likhale lothandiza, magazi ayenera kumwedwa kokha pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Kwa munthu wathanzi, mlingo wabwino wa thupilo ndi 2-4 IU mu maola 24. Ngati tikulankhula za omanga thupi, ndiye 20 IU iyi. Kwa anthu odwala matenda a shuga, chizolowezi chake ndi 20-25 IU patsiku. Ngati dokotalayo ayamba kuledzera pamankhwala ake, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa mahomoniwo kumawonjezera bongo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia ndi izi:

kusankha kolakwika kwa mankhwala,
kusintha mtundu wa syringes ndi mankhwala,
masewera osapatsa mafuta
kudya moyenera komanso nthawi yomweyo insulin,
kuphwanya zakudya pambuyo jekeseni (kunalibe chakudya atangochita),

Munthu aliyense amene amadalira insulin, kamodzi kamodzi m'moyo wake, anali kumva zosasangalatsa zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri. Zizindikiro zazikulu za bongo za insulin:

kufooka kwa minofu
ludzu
thukuta lozizira
miyendo yanjenjemera
chisokonezo,
kuchuluka kwa thambo ndi lilime.

Zizindikiro zonsezi ndi chizindikiro cha hypoglycemic syndrome, chomwe chimakwiya chifukwa cha kuchepa msanga kwa magazi m'thupi. Yankho lofananalo ku funso la zomwe zimachitika ngati mutabaya insulin mwa munthu wathanzi.

Matendawa amayenera kuyimitsidwa msanga, apo ayi wodwalayo amagwa, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti atuluke.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe amatha kutsagana ndi matenda a shuga, nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa chifukwa cha matenda a Somoji. Mkhalidwe uwu umadziwika ndi kupanga corticosteroids, adrenaline ndi glucagon pamitundu yambiri.

Somoji syndrome ndi insulin overdose syndrome, ndiko kuti, mkhalidwe wovuta womwe umabweretsa zotsatira zosasintha ndipo umafunikira chisamaliro chapadera.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za hypoglycemia:

kulakalaka
matenda oopsa
kuchuluka kwa acetone mu mkodzo,
kuthamanga kwambiri, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga mumkodzo,
malingaliro amunthu pa ketoacidosis,
shuga amayamba kuchuluka tsiku lililonse,
hypoglycemia zoposa nthawi 1 patsiku,
Kulembetsa pafupipafupi kwa shuga wambiri.

Nthawi zambiri, poizoni wa insulin amakhala munthawi yayitali kwa nthawi yayitali. Koma izi nthawi zonse zimadzimva zokha. Somoji syndrome imasiyanitsidwanso ndikuti kukula kwa mkhalidwe wa hypoglycemic mwa munthu kumawonedwa pa 2-4 a.m. Ndi chifukwa cha bongo wa insulin yamadzulo.

Kuti achepetse momwe zinthu zilili, thupi liyenera kuyambitsa njira zowonjezera mphamvu. Koma, popanda kuthandizidwa mwadongosolo komanso mosasinthasintha, kufooka kwazinthu zamphamvu za thupi kumatha kuonedwa. Chifukwa chake, Somoji syndrome imatha kupha.

Dokotala akapita kutali kwambiri ndi insulin, odwala matenda ashuga amawonetsa zina pakapita kanthawi. Ngati mukulowetsa insulin mwa munthu wathanzi, imayambitsa mawonekedwe owopsa a poizoni.

Zikakhala zotere, jakisoni wa insulin amakhala ngati poyizoni, amachepetsa msanga kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Ngati munthu waledzera, zikuwoneka:

arrhasmia,
kukakamizidwa
migraines
nkhanza
mgwirizano wolakwika
kumva mantha akulu
njala
ambiri ofooka.

Ngati insulin ikulowetsedwa mwa munthu wathanzi, chithandizo chinanso chikuyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi madokotala okha. Anthu nthawi zina amafa chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo otere.

Mlingo wowopsa wambiri wa insulin ndi magawo zana, i.e. syringe yonse ya insulin. Nthawi zina munthu amatha kupulumuka ngati mlingo woterowo umakhala wokwera maulendo 30. Chifukwa chake, ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mutha kukhala ndi nthawi yoyimbira dokotala musanakomoke.

Monga lamulo, chikomokere chimakula mkati mwa maola 3-4 ndipo zomwe zimayimira zitha kuyimitsidwa ngati shuga alowa m'magazi.

Pochiza matenda a shuga, pamakhala chiopsezo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri. Munjira imeneyi, pofuna kupewa imfa, thandizo loyenerera lofunikira likufunika. Ndikofunikira kudziwa zoyenera kuchita nthawi yomweyo ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri.

Kuti muwonjezere chakudya chamagulu ochulukirapo, muyenera kudya chofufumitsa cha mkate wa tirigu mpaka g 100. Mukapitiliza kuukira kwa mphindi 3-5 muyenera kuwonjezera shuga. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kumwa tiyi ndi supuni zochepa za shuga.

Ngati chochitikacho chitachitika, kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi sikumakhala kotakasuka, mukufunikirabe kudya ma protein munthawi yomweyo. Ngakhale kuti bongo wambiri ndi chinthu wamba, ngati inu kunyalanyaza zofunika kuchita, kuwonjezeka kwa Somoji syndrome kumachitika.

Kukula kwa matendawa kumasokoneza kwambiri mankhwalawa komanso kumadzetsa ketoacidosis yovuta kwambiri.

Pankhaniyi, mungafunike kusintha mankhwalawo ndikuyamba kumwa mankhwala amphamvu.

matenda edema,
Zizindikiro za meningitis,
kutha msanga kwa matenda a dementia ndimavuto amisala.

Pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima, kuchuluka kwa insulini kungayambitse:

sitiroko
vuto la mtima
retinal hemorrhage.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulini ndi omwe amafunika kuyankhidwa mwachangu kuchokera kwa wodwala. Ngati ndi kotheka, muyenera kuyitanitsa gulu la ambulansi. Ngakhale kuti hypoglycemia sikuti nthawi zonse imabweretsa imfa, chikhalidwe chowopsa sichitha kuchepetsedwa.

Ngati wodwala ali ndi vuto, ndiye kuti muyenera kuletsa kudzera jakisoni kapena podya zakudya zopepuka. Zina mwazinthu zomwe mwalimbikitsa:

ma lollipops
chokoleti
mikate yoyera
zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi.

Zotsatira za kuchuluka kwa insulin

Mavuto pambuyo makonzedwe owonjezera insulin zimatengera kuopsa kwa zomwe. Hypoflycemia yofatsa imapezeka mwa anthu onse odwala matenda ashuga.

Kenako choopsa chachikulu ndi insulin yochulukirapo, yomwe imayamba mwa odwala omwe sangathe kuwongolera matendawa. Zotsatira zake, mankhwalawa amachitika molakwika, momwe odwala matenda ashuga samakhalira bwino, chiwopsezo cha ketoacidosis (mkhalidwe wowopsa womwe umawopseza ketoacidotic chikomokere ndi imfa) umachuluka.

Ngakhale kuchuluka kwambiri kwa insulin m'magazi kumabweretsa zotsatirapo izi:

Meningitis
Bongo edema
Mavuto Amisala,
Stroko
Matenda a mtima
Kutuluka magazi.

Malinga ndi madokotala, kuthekera kwakukulu kwa hypoglycemia wodwala okalamba komanso odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda amtima.

Panthawi yovuta kwambiri ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo, pamakhala chiopsezo cha kukomoka kwa hypoglycemic. Potere, ndikofunikira kupereka chithandizo chadzidzidzi kwa omwe akhudzidwa, chifukwa mwayi wa kulephera kwa mtima ukuwonjezeka.

Hypoglycemic mantha imayamba kuchuluka kwa glucose akatsikira mpaka 5 mmol / L pansi pazonse.

Ngati wodwalayo sanakhale ndi nthawi yovutira njira ya shuga m'mitsempha, ndiye kuti kumwalira. Ichi ndichifukwa choletsa ntchito za ziwalo zopumira komanso magazi.

Matenda a Insulin Overdose Syndrome

Mlingo wa insulin wowonjezera umawopseza bongo. Vutoli limatsatiridwa ndikupanga mahomoni (adrenaline, corticosteroids, glucagon), omwe amalepheretsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Somoji syndrome (overdose aakulu) imawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

Matenda a shuga ndi akulu
Ikulitsa kudya,
Kunenepa kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa shuga mumkodzo kumawonjezeka,
Konzedweratu ku ketoacidosis,
Mkulu wakwezedwa mkodzo
Kusintha kwadzidzidzi mu kuchuluka kwa shuga tsiku lonse,
Monga lamulo, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumawonekera,
Hypoglycemia nthawi zambiri imayamba (kangapo mu maola 24).

Nthawi zambiri msuzi wa shuga umatsikira m'mawa (kuyambira maola 5 mpaka 7), izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni opikisana (adrenaline, glucagon wa cortisone, kukula kwa timadzi). Hypoglycemia imachitikanso chifukwa chofooka cha mankhwalawa a mankhwalawa a mankhwalawa a insulin.

Hypoglycemic coma imayamba kuchoka pa 2 mpaka maola 4, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachepa mpaka 4 mmol / L kapena kutsikira. Kenako mawonekedwe obwezerera m'thupi amaonekera. Zotsatira zake, m'mawa wodwala matenda ashuga amawona matenda a hyperglycemia, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo a mankhwalawa.

Mlingo wowopsa wa insulin kwa munthu wathanzi komanso wodwala matenda ashuga

Lingaliro lofuna kudziwa mlingo woyenera wa insulin limapangidwa ndi endocrinologist potengera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Mlingo wowopsa kwa wodwala aliyense ndiwosiyana. Ena odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi vuto lochepa kwambiri pambuyo poyendetsa 300 mpaka 500, pomwe ena amakhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemic kale pa 100 mayunitsi. Kuyankha kwa thupi ku insulin kumadalira zinthu zambiri, koma chofunikira kwambiri ndi kulemera kwa thupi.

Mwachitsanzo, kulemera kwa munthu ndi 60 makilogalamu, ndiye kuti mlingo woyenera ndi magawo 60. Ndipo gawo la mankhwala omwe ali ndi insulini mu 100 PIECES likuwopseza imfa. Mlingo woyenera wa insulin kwa odwala matenda ashuga 90 makilogalamu 90.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi owopsa kwa odwala komanso athanzi. Nthawi yomweyo, osati zizindikilo ndi kuwonongeka konsekako, komanso zotsatira za kukomoka kwa hypoglycemic, ndizakufa.

Chimachitika ndi chiani ngati mutabaya insulin mwa munthu wathanzi?

Mlingo wotetezeka wa insulin yokonzekera munthu wathanzi kuyambira 2 mpaka 4 IU. Ndipo othamanga amapaka jekeseni wa 20 IU ya chinthu patsiku kuti achulukitse minofu.

Odwala achikulire omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amatha kugwiritsa ntchito 20 mpaka 50 IU.

Nthawi zina madokotala amalakwitsa zinthu zina ndikupereka mankhwala kwa munthu wathanzi. Kenako yankho lake limakhala ndi zovulaza m'thupi, poizoni.

Monga lamulo, ndi kuledzera, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimawonekera:

Kukanika kwa mtima,
Matenda oopsa
Mutu
Mantha
Coordination matenda,
Kuwonjezeka kwamphamvu kwa chikhumbo,
Kufooka kwathunthu kwa thupi.

Kutengera ndi zomwe tafotokozazi, mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri omwe ali ndi insulin ndi oopsa kwambiri omwe amawopseza ndi zotsatira zoyipa mpaka kufa. Hypoglycemia yofatsa imatha kupewedwa ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chambiri, komanso chovuta ndi yankho la shuga. Popewa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndikutsatira malangizo a endocrinologist.

Victor Sistemov - katswiri pa 1Travmpunkt

Mahomoni owonjezera

Ngati kuchuluka kwa mahomoni sikubwezeretsedwa panthawi yachilendo (m'maganizo), ndikumachotsa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonjezeke, ndiye kuti pali zolephera zina mthupi zomwe zimafunikira kuzindikira ndi kuchira.

: Mahomoni a adrenal cortex: amagwira ntchito yanji?

Momwe mungayesere mayeso a insulin yafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi.

Insulin ikaperekedwa kwa munthu wathanzi (osati wodwala matenda ashuga), mankhwalawa amakhala poizoni m'thupi, chifukwa chake kukana kumachitika. Ndi chiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha insulin, shuga amachotsedwa m'magazi, zomwe zimakwiyitsa hypoglycemia.

Talingalirani za kuchuluka kwa insulin kwa munthu komanso zomwe angachite kuti apulumutse moyo.

Matenda a insulin ochuluka

Somoji syndrome ndi insulin overdose syndrome, ndiko kuti, mkhalidwe wovuta womwe umabweretsa zotsatira zosasintha ndipo umafunikira chisamaliro chapadera.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za hypoglycemia:

kulakalaka
matenda oopsa
kuchuluka kwa acetone mu mkodzo,
kuthamanga kwambiri, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga mumkodzo,
malingaliro amunthu pa ketoacidosis,
shuga amayamba kuchuluka tsiku lililonse,
hypoglycemia zoposa nthawi 1 patsiku,
Kulembetsa pafupipafupi kwa shuga wambiri.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'thupi. Ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda omwe amatsimikizira chithandizo china. Kuti muchepetse adrenaline chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimapangidwa pafupipafupi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musinthe Ngati chifukwa cha insulin yochulukirapo ndi chotupa, kuyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni ndikofunikira. Ndikothekanso kupondereza zovuta za insulin ndi kuchuluka kwake kokha mothandizidwa ndi chakudya chamthupi komanso kukonza zakudya.

Kuchuluka kwa insulini kumabweretsa bwanji bongo

Mlingo wotetezeka kwa munthu yemwe alibe matenda ashuga ayenera kupitilira 4 IU. Ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, makamaka omanga thupi, nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito timadzi tambiri tambiri, kukulitsa gawo lovomerezeka kasanu. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga pazamankhwala angagwiritse ntchito 25 mpaka 50 IU ya insulin.

Chilichonse choposa izi zimatsogolera ku bongo.

Nthawi zambiri, zifukwa za izi ndi zolakwika pamakina, kuyambitsa kamodzi kolakwika, kuyenda mu kukonzekera, kapena kusakwanitsa kwa katswiri. Zingathenso kutsogolera bongo:

kuphwanya chizolowezi chochitika chogwirizana ndi maziko ogwiritsa ntchito chakudya chokwanira
kukana kudya pambuyo pa insulin,
kusintha kwa mtundu wina wamagulu amthupi,
Mankhwala olakwika kwa munthu wathanzi,
kusagwirizana ndi malingaliro azachipatala.

Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito insulin yochulukirapo ndikotheka ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yomweyo insulin, kugwiritsa ntchito mowa wambiri. Makamaka, zotsatira zoyipa ziyenera kuyembekezedwa ngati munthu wodwala matenda ashuga samatha kudya pophwanya masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Zizindikiro zake

Mlingo womwe zizindikilo zimakhazikika zimadalira mtundu wa mankhwala omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ndikuyambitsa insulin yofulumira, zizindikiro zimayamba pakapita nthawi yochepa, ndikugwiritsa ntchito pang'onopang'ono - kwa nthawi yayitali.

Pa gawo loyamba lachitukuko cha boma, kumverera kwanjala, kufooka kwathunthu kumakhazikitsidwa. Odwala matendawa amawonetsanso mutu komanso kuthamanga kwa mtima. Ngati panthawiyi palibe njira zomwe zachitidwa kuti zikuwonjezera shuga wamagazi, ndiye kuti chithunzi cha chipatala chimathandizidwa ndi thukuta, manja akunjenjemera, malovu owonjezera. Palibenso zodziwika pang'ono zowonetsa kufooka kwapang'onopang'ono ndi kumverera kwanjala, kufooka kwakukulu, dzanzi la zala. Kudutsa zowonongeka komanso ana opukusidwa amatha kuzindikirika. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti padakali pano boma lisintha.

Kodi ma insulin ndi ma insulin, ndipo mungawagwiritse ntchito bwanji?

Komabe, pambuyo pake, mkhalidwe wa odwala matenda ashuga udzakulirakulira mwachangu. Chithunzi cha chipatala ndi motere:

Zofooka zimapita patsogolo, chifukwa cha ichi, munthu sangathe kudzithandiza okha.
Kulephera kusuntha, thukuta kwambiri, komanso zolimbitsa mtima zimadziwika. Kugwedezeka kwa malekezero akumwamba ndi otsika, kuchuluka kwa chikumbumtima, kupsinjika, kapena, kugwedezeka kwamaganizidwe kwambiri kungachitike.
Kenako kuphatikizika kwa clonic (kupindika) kapena kupweteka kwa tonic. Ngati shuga saperekedwa m'mitsempha pakalipano, kuyambika kwa hypoglycemic coma kungakhale kotheka.
Kukomoka kumadziwika chifukwa cha kusazindikira, kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa shuga m'magazi (kupitirira mamililita asanu kuchokera munthawi yomweyo). Pa matenda ashuga, osasinthika, chiwonetsero cha mtima, komanso kusakhalapo kwa wophunzira kumadziwika. Sitikukayikira kuti zotulukapo za izi zitha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri.

Masiteti, mitundu ndi zizindikiro za bongo

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulin amachititsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a odwala matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti hypoglycemia. Izi zimadziwika ndi:

kufooka kwa minofu
chizungulire
miyendo yanjenjemera
thukuta lozizira komanso laufi
ludzu lamphamvu losatha
malingaliro opanda kanthu.

Ndi hypoglycemia, wodwalayo amakhala ndi vuto lanjala. Kusakwiya nthawi zambiri kumachuluka, kusokonezedwa ndi nkhawa zimachitika.

Hypoglycemia imatha kuwonetsedwanso ndi kugona kwambiri. Palibe chifukwa chomwe mungagone zoterezi, apo ayi kuwonjezeka kwamankhwala a insulin ndi kuchepa kofanana ndi shuga mpaka mtengo wochepa ndikotheka.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwambiri amatha kupangitsa wodwala matenda ashuga kukomoka. Pali magawo anayi a izi omwe ali ndi zilembo zofananira:

Gawo loyamba limadziwika ndi hypoxia ya minyewa yaubongo. Pakadali pano, zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zimachitika.
Mu gawo lachiwiri, dongosolo la hypothalamic-pituitary limakhudzidwa. Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa thukuta, chikhalidwe chosasinthika, chomwe nthawi zina chimakhazikika pamisala, chimawonjezeredwa pazizindikiro.

Gawo lachitatu likuwonetsedwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa midbrain, ana opukusidwa, kupwetekedwa. Zizindikiro zoterezi ndizofanana ndi khunyu ndipo imatha kuyambitsa.
Gawo lachinayi ndilofunikira. Pakadali pano, tachycardia imayamba, yomwe ingayambitse matenda a ubongo komanso imfa yotsatira.

Mu magawo awiri oyamba, wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kusiyiratu chizindikiro, kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Mu gawo lachitatu, kudzithandiza nokha sizingatheke.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amodzi amtundu wa insulin amaonedwa kuti ndi mtundu wa pachimake pamenepa. Ngati mulandira kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa pafupipafupi, pamakhala mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri omwe amakhalapo. Mwanjira imeneyi, mahomoni amapangidwa omwe amalepheretsa kuchepa kwa glucose. Matendawa amatchedwanso Somoji syndrome. Amadziwika ndi izi:

shuga yayikulu
kulakalaka
kuchuluka phindu
kusinthasintha kwakanthawi kwamasamba a shuga,
acetonuria (acetone mu mkodzo),
pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa magazi shuga.

Mu chifuwa chachikulu cha insulin, hypoglycemia imatha kuonedwa kangapo patsiku limodzi.

Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi insulin kwambiri, mawonekedwe ena amathandizanso. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pambuyo pa hypoglycemia yomwe idayamba usiku, imabwerezanso m'mawa. Izi ndizodabwitsa.

Kukula kwa chizindikiritso kumadalira mtundu wa insulin yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zizindikiro zakuchuluka kwa insulin mwachangu zimawonekera mofulumira.

Kuyamwa kwa mowa

Ma carbohydrate amatenga gawo lalikulu mthupi la munthu, ali ndi ntchito zomanga komanso zopatsa thanzi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti akamalowa m'thupi, amakwaniritsa maudindowa.

Izi ndizotheka pokhapokha insulini ikawaphwanya mu zinthu zopindulitsa.

Kupanda kutero, zakudya zamagetsi zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikula, mawonekedwe a magazi, komanso ziwalo zambiri sizingathe kudya, chifukwa chake, kugwira ntchito bwino.

Mu matenda a shuga, odwala amalangizidwa kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa, makamaka kuchokera kumwa mowa .

Lamuloli ndilofunika kwambiri kwa odwala omwe asintha insulin.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti mowa umachepetsa kwambiri shuga m'magazi, kotero, mankhwalawa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ayenera kusintha. Kupanda kutero, kuchepa kwa shuga kumabweretsa mtundu wa hypoglycemia (shuga wotsika wamagazi), ndipo izi zitha kuyambitsa chikomokere, komanso ngakhale kufa (ngati simukufuna chithandizo chamankhwala panthawi yake).

Pokhapokha mutaphunzira thupi lanu ndikusintha mulingo wa shuga momwemo, mutha kugula mowa, koma osayiwala za lingaliro lazomwe limachitika, chifukwa momwe mowa umasinthira pakadali pano. Simunganene motsimikiza momwe shuga adzagwera.

Malamulo oyenera a kumwa mowa ndi zakudya zomwe zimadalira insulin:

Mowa siupitilira kawiri pa sabata, koma osati masiku awiri motsatana,
Kupewa kutsika kwamphamvu kwa shuga mthupi, ndikofunika kuchepetsa mlingo wa insulin,
Osamamwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Ndikwabwino kuphatikiza chakudya ndi mowa,
Mlingo wabwino wa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga ndi magalamu 30. mowa wamphamvu patsiku. Awa ndi 50 ml ya mowa wamphamvu, 150 ml ya vinyo wouma, 350 ml ya mowa wopepuka.

Momwe mungakulitsire shuga mwambiri komanso mwachangu

Chida chothamanga kwambiri - Uku ndi jakisoni wa glucose, yemwe nthawi yomweyo amalowa m'magazi ndipo amatha kukweza shuga. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimasungunuka mwachangu, kuphwanya m'magazi. Mwachitsanzo chidutswa cha shuga, shuga mumtengo kapena zakumwa za shuga (madzi okoma, tiyi wokoma, ndi zina).

Koposa zofananira

Miyezi yokwanira ya insulini ilinso yoopsa. Maselo amasiya kulandira shuga m'chilengedwe chofunikira kwa iwo, chomwe chimayambitsa, monga kupanda insulin, ku njala yawo. Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'thupi kumathandizira ntchito ya zotupa za sebaceous, chizindikiro chomwe ndi mawonekedwe a ziphuphu, kukomoka, thukuta kwambiri. Ngati mayi ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri (ichi ndi chifukwa chomveka chopitilira mahomoni), izi zimatha kuyambitsa chizolowezi cham'mimba, kusakhazikika kwa msambo komanso kubereka.

Popeza insulini imadziwika ndi vasoconstrictive, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumapangitsa kuti magazi azithamanga, amachepetsa mphamvu ya mitsempha, yomwe imayambitsa kuphwanya magazi kuubongo. Makoma a carotid artery amapindika pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimachepetsa kuthekera kwa munthu kuganiza momveka bwino muukalamba.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa mahomoni sikumachepetsedwa, chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa magazi, zofooka zam'mphepete, kulephera kwaimpso kungayambike, kusokonezeka kwapakati pa dongosolo lamanjenje kumawonedwa. Matendawa amawonekeranso mosavomerezeka pa ntchito yobereka: mavuto aliwonse amtundu wa endocrine amatha kupangitsa kuti akhale osabereka.

Komanso kuchuluka kwambiri kwa insulin kumalepheretsa ntchito za ma enzymes omwe amakhudza kusintha kwa glycogen kukhala glucose, komanso gluconeogenesis, pamene glucose imapangidwa kuchokera pazinthu zopanda mafuta. Chifukwa cha izi, thupi limalephera kulipira shuga wamagazi ochepa, zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia, yomwe imadziwika ndi kusakwanira kwa magazi, glucose ndi michere ina ya mu ubongo (glucose ndiye gwero lalikulu la mphamvu yama cell aubongo).

Izi zimabweretsa zizindikiro monga mutu, kusawona bwino, ulesi, kunenepa kwambiri, chisokonezo, amnesia, komanso ngakhale kukomoka.

Pakapita kanthawi, maselo a kapamba, "kuzindikira" kuti kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'thupi, kumachepetsa kapangidwe ka insulin, komwe kumayambitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga komanso zizindikiro zake. Mlingo wa insulini umachepa, umaleka kukwaniritsa ntchito zake mokwanira, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa metabolic, kufa ndi njala komanso kufa kwa maselo, ngati matendawa sanalandiridwe, munthu amafa.

Mawonetsero akulu

Zizindikiro za insulin yowonjezera m'magazi titha kugawidwa m'magawo anayi otsatizana. Kugawikaku kumachitika molingana ndi kuuma kwa mawonetsedwe. Chifukwa chake, gawo loyamba, kumverera kwanjala ndi kufooka kwathunthu kumazindikirika. Wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kudandaula za kupweteka kwa mutu komanso kugunda kwa mtima. Ndiye, ngati palibe njira zomwe zimatengedwa poyambira, zizindikilo zambiri zimapangidwa. Ndikufuna kukhalanso pamalingaliro akuti ndizosavuta kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga - chifukwa ndi zokwanira kudya kapena kumwa chinthu chokoma.

Mu gawo lachiwiri, munthu amakumana ndi zodandaula:

thukuta lalikulu komanso kunjenjemera kwa miyendo yakumtunda,
kusagona kwambiri, komwe nthawi zambiri kumakhala limodzi ndi kufooka kowonjezereka komanso kumverera kwa njala,
khungu, kuchuluka kwa zala.

Kuphatikiza apo, gawo lachiwiri limagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchulukitsa kwa mawonekedwe owoneka, ana opukusidwa. Pakadali pano, kupewa zovuta kumakhalabe ndi chakudya chambiri. Itha kukhala maswiti, maswiti kapena, mwachitsanzo, shuga wowona.

Pang'onopang'ono, kufooka kumapita patsogolo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti wodwalayo ataye kudzisamalira yekha.

Akatswiri amatenga chidwi ndi kusachitika kwa magalimoto, thukuta kwambiri, mtima. Palibe chizindikiro chocheperako chomwe chikugwedezeka ndi zoopsa, mavuto okhala ndi chidwi komanso chisangalalo cha psyche. Kupitilira apo, ma contract osiyanasiyana olimbitsa thupi amapangidwa, monga, clonic ndi tonic. Ngati pakadali pano simusamala za kukhazikitsidwa kwa shuga m'mitsempha, kuyambika kwa hypoglycemic coma kungakhale kotheka.

Coma imalumikizidwa ndi kutaya chikumbumtima, kuchepa kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi (oposa 5 mmol / l kuchokera pa chiŵerengero choyambirira). Kupitilizanso, kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa pang'onopang'ono, kukula kwa mtima, komanso kusakhalapo kwa chilengedwe cha ophunzira. Imfa imachitika pamene ziwalo zonse za thupi zimakulitsidwa. Tikuyankhula za kupumira, kufalikira kwa magazi komanso kusapezeka kwa zinthu zakutsogolo. Popeza kukula kwa vutoli, muyenera kudziwa zonse momwe matenda a shuga angathandizire.

Pa odwala matenda ashuga:

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe wodwala amakhala ndi matenda ashuga angayambitse:

Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi, pambuyo pake mumatenga mtundu wa insulin (muyenera kuchepetsa),
Mowa pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena kuchuluka kwakukulu (mukamamwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa, ndikofunikanso kuchepetsa mlingo wa insulin),
Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi
Amawerengetsa Bread Units (XE),
Kumwa molakwika mlingo wa insulin

Komanso, pali lingaliro tchuthi - chikhululukiro mu matenda a shuga, izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuyenda bwino kwa maselo a pancreatic beta. Ngati wodwala matenda ashuga sazindikira izi mwachangu, ndiye kuti mutamwa muyezo wa insulin, bongo ndi lotheka.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za bongo ndi:

Zofooka
Mutu
Mantha akuthwa
Njala
Wotayika m'malo
Mdima m'maso
Khalidwe losasinthika, ngakhale laukali,
Kuthamanga kwa magazi
Kuperewera kwa mgwirizano.

Sikovuta kuzindikira kusintha kotere mwa munthu; makamaka, iye amvetse zomwe zikuchitika.

Ngati wodwala amatha kupereka chithandizo nthawi komanso mogwira mtima, ndiye kuti posachedwa mulingo wa shuga uyenera kukhala wathanzi. Komabe, mulimonsemo, wodwalayo ayenera kufunsa adokotala kuti apite kusintha kwa kumwa.
Ngati vuto la hypoglycemia silikuchoka, ndiye kuti muyenera kufunafuna thandizo la akatswiri.

Pali magawo anayi a vuto lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi bongo wa insulin kwambiri:

Zosavuta: Zizindikiro zomwe zawonetsedwa pamwambapa zikuwonekera. Hypoxia yama cell of the cortex ya ubongo imayamba,

Pakati: kuwonongeka kwa hypothalamic-pituitary dera laubongo. Kuwola, thukuta,

Zachikulu: ntchito yam'mimba ikuwonongeka. Kutembenuka kumayamba, ophunzirawo amachepetsa - machitidwe a munthuyo akufanana ndi zomwe agwidwa ndi khunyu,

Zowawa (zakupha): munthu amataya chikumbumtima, zimachitika ndi kugunda kwa mtima zimafulumizitsidwa. Ngati palibe chomwe chachitikabe mpaka pano, edema yamkati ndi kufa ndizotheka. Kusokonezeka kwa ubongo kumatha kuyambitsa matenda a dementia, kwa anthu achikulire ndizowopsa ndi stroko, kugunda kwa mtima kapena kukha m'mimba m'mimba.

Fomu yovuta

Odwala ena omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amakhala ndi bongo wambiri, mwinanso matenda a insulin overdose syndrome (CFS), Chochitika cha Somoji - Amakhala ndi shuga wochepa wamagazi, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha insulini yambiri. Zimachitikanso ndi kulephera kwa mahomoni m'thupi.

Zizindikiro Zamakedzana hypoglycemia chimodzimodzi monga ozungulira - kupweteka mutu, kufooka, kusokonezeka.

Kudziwitsidwa pafupipafupi ndi vutoli kungayambitse kufa kwa maselo a muubongo.

Ndi Somoji syndrome, shuga amachita mosiyanasiyana - amakula kwambiri, kenako amatsika, ndiye kuti sasintha mfundo kwa nthawi yayitali, ngakhale kuti jakisoni ndi zakudya zimatengedwa.

Ndi matenda a shuga, ndizowopsa kukhala mumkhalidwewu pafupipafupi. Pang'onopang'ono, hypoglycemia imamveka yofooka, ndipo imabisika. Munthu amakhala wotsekedwa, mumachitidwe oyipa osatha. Chithandizo cha milandu ngati ichi ndizovuta.

Kuwerengera Mlingo

Mukamawerengera kuchuluka kwa insulini, muyenera kukumbukira kuti mfundo yofunika kwambiri kuti aphedwe ndikutsatira zakudya zamagulu ochepa. Ngati wodwala samvera, ndiye kuti sizingatheke kuwerengera mlingo wake. Mlingo wa insulini umatengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri m'thupi. Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kosiyanasiyana, ndiye kuti mlingo wa insulin udzasintha.

Malamulo oyambira kuwerengera:

Lamulo la kusunga chakudya chochepa chamafuta. Ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse m'zakudya zanu zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chamagulu, monga izi: zinthu zonse zopangidwa ndi ufa, chimanga, ndi michere yopepuka ndizopatsa mphamvu zambiri kuposa zipatso zamphesa, zipatso, zopangidwa zilizonse osati zopangidwa ndi shuga, koma shuga.
Ndikofunikira kuyeza kuchuluka kwanu kwa shuga. kugwiritsa ntchito glucometer koyambirira kwamatenda. Mwa kuphunzira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi asinthe m'magazi, mutha kuthana ndi zomwe zingakuwongolereni mtsogolo,
Kumbukirani kuti pambuyo pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, shuga misempha imathanso. Tiyenera kuphunzira njirayi kuti tisinthe mlingo wokwanira wa mankhwalawa.

Pali dongosolo linalake lapadera loyezera chakudya / zopatsa mphamvu, chakudya chamagulu (XE). 1 XE imafanana ndi magawo 10 a shuga. Pali matebulo apadera omwe amafotokoza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'zakudya zosiyanasiyana.

Mlingo wamba:

Popeza tangopeza insulin pa 1 kg yolemera, magawo 0,5 a insulin ndi ofunika,
Matenda a shuga, omwe amapezeka popanda zovuta kwa chaka chimodzi kapena zingapo - mayunitsi 0,6,
Ndi matenda a shuga, omwe amapezeka ndi zovuta - 0,7,
Matenda a shuga ophatikizika amafunikira magawo 0,8,
Ndi zovuta za ketoacidosis - 0,9,
Pa mimba pambuyo pake magawo - 1 unit pa 1 makilogalamu kulemera.

Zakudya zamafuta ambiri zimachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, mapuloteni ndi mafuta amtunduwu ndizofunikira kwambiri, kotero nthawi zambiri sizigwiritsidwanso ntchito konse,

Ndipo kumbukirani kuti zochita za insulin zimatengera nthawi ya tsiku - m'mawa sizothandiza kwenikweni kuposa chakudya chamadzulo kapena madzulo.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwambiri amatha kuyambitsa zovuta kwambiri - kufa kwa maselo a ziwalo, izi zimayambitsa kuphwanya magwiridwe antchito a thupi. Ngati kuvutikako kumachitika pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti hypoglycemia kamodzi ikhoza kupweteka kapena ngakhale kufa.

Ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri a insulin, njira zotsatirazi zingayambike:

Imfa ya maselo aubongo, omwe angayambitse kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito am'maganizo komanso kukula kwa dementia, mawonekedwe a meningeal zviratidzo, edema yam'mimba.

Kuwonjezeka kwa vuto la mtima ndi sitiroko,

Retinal kukha magazi

Hypoglycemia pafupipafupi komanso kuwongolera komwe kumachitika kumadumphira m'magazi, ndipo izi zimakhudza mitsempha yamagazi molakwika, magazi amawoneka,

Hypoglycemic chikomokere,

Kuchulukitsa kwa insulin pambuyo pa chikomokere

Kuwonongeka kwamatupi ndi madzi am'mimba,

Imfa.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malamulo oyambirira kupewa:

Kuwunikira nthawi ndi nthawi misempha,
Imwani shuga komanso zakudya zopatsa shuga (uchi, caramel, madzi otsekemera, shuga),
Kuletsa kumwa mowa komanso kusazunza ena
Anthu odziwa bwino komanso pafupi ndi anthu ayenera kudziwa za matenda anu ndikumvetsetsa zoyenera kuchita ngati mukupezeka bongo.

Kanema wothandiza

Mlingo wolakwika komanso kusasamala kwa thanzi lanu kumatha kumubweretsa munthu pamavuto osasintha:

Ndiosavuta kuyendetsa shuga m'magazi anu. Muyenera kukhala ndi glucometer pafupi, osapulumutsa pamiyeso, chifukwa ndi zaumoyo wanu, kutsatira zakudya zomwe adotolo adziwa ndikuwonetsetsa zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Malangizo popewa insulin

Kuchuluka ndi pafupipafupi kwa kayendetsedwe ka insulin kumatsimikiziridwa kokha ndi endocrinologist. Wodwala ayenera kudziwa mawonekedwe onse a jakisoni wa insulin.

Nthawi zambiri anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amadzibaya; iyi ndi njira yosavuta. Mankhwala amakono apanga ma syringes, safunikira zinthu zingapo mu syringe ndikuti alole kutsata molondola. Dinani voliyumu yomwe mukufuna pa sikelo ndikujambulira musanadye komanso mutadya, malingana ndi malangizo azachipatala.

Malamulo okonzekera insulin:

kuchuluka kwa insulin komwe kumakokedwa mu syringe,
tsamba la jakisoni limachiritsidwa ndi mowa,
pambuyo pa jekeseni, simukufunika kuchotsa singano nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kudikirira masekondi 10.

M'mimba ndikuti gawo la thupi lomwe limasokonekera kwambiri pakulimbitsa thupi, motero ndikotheka kupaka insulin mosamalitsa mbali iyi ya thupi. Ngati chinthucho chingaphatikizidwe ndi minyewa ya manja kapena miyendo, zotsatira zake zimakhala zoipitsitsa.

Zambiri zokhudzana ndi insulin zimaperekedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.

Insulin ndi mahomoni a protein omwe amawongolera kapamba. Katunduyu ndi amene amachititsa kuti kagayidwe kazachilengedwe kagayidwe. Chifukwa cha phula ili, glucose amamwa, omwe amandipatsa mphamvu.

Ngati muyezo wa mankhwalawo udapitilira, chiwopsezo cha zotsatira zowopsa zimawonekera. Matendawa amawopseza chikumbumtima cha hypoglycemic (kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi), komwe kumatha kutha.

Kodi pamafunika insulin ingati pa mankhwala osokoneza bongo?

Kwa munthu wamkulu (i.e., wopanda matenda a shuga), mlingo wabwino wa insulin ndi magawo 2-5.

Nthawi zambiri, omanga thupi, kuyambira ndi otetezeka, pang'onopang'ono amawonjezera mlingo, amabwera ndi magawo 20.

Mu shuga mellitus, mlingo wa insulin umasankhidwa payekha ndi endocrinologist, poganizira kuchuluka kwa shuga mu seramu ya magazi ndi kukhalapo kwa shuga mkodzo. Achire achire mlingo wa shuga ali osiyanasiyana 2040 mayunitsi, mu milandu kwambiri kapena kukula kwa zovuta (hyperglycemic chikomokere), akhoza kuchuluka, ndipo kwambiri.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa insulin ndi:

Mulingo wosankhidwa bwino wa mankhwala okhala ndi insulin,
zolakwika nthawi ya jakisoni, yemwe nthawi zambiri amawonedwa mukasinthira mankhwalawa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito syringe yatsopano.
intramuscular (m'malo mwa subcutaneous) makonzedwe,
Kudumpha chakudya pambuyo pa jekeseni,
mphamvu yayikulu yolimbitsa thupi ndi osakwanira kudya pambuyo pa jakisoni.

Mikhalidwe ina imakulitsa chidwi chathupi kumanga insulin. Izi zikuphatikiza:

mafuta amchiwindi,
aakulu aimpso kulephera
trimester yoyamba ya mimba
mkhalidwe woledzera (kuphatikizapo wofatsa).

Milandu imeneyi, ngakhale kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwala osankhidwa ndi adokotala kungayambitse kukula kwa zizindikiro za insulin.

Ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri a insulin m'magazi, zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga zimatsika kwambiri. Ngati chizindikirochi chikutsikira pansi 3.3 mmol / l, amalankhula za kukula kwa hypoglycemia.

Ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo agwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito insulin yocheperako, zizindikiro zake zimayamba kuwonekera patangotha mphindi zochepa kuti jekeseni. Ngati kukonzekera insulin kukonzekera (depot-insulin) kwayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zimawonekera pambuyo pake ndikuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulini amatha kukayikiridwa pamaso pa zizindikiro zotsatirazi zomwe zimachitika patapita nthawi yochepa pambuyo pa jekeseni:

kuchuluka kufooka wamba
tachycardia
mutu
kumva kwamphamvu njala.

Ngati pakadali pano ngati simuchita zinthu zofunikira, wodwalayo ayamba kuwonongeka msanga, ndipo zizindikiro zina zidzalumikizana:

thukuta lalikulu
kunjenjemera
dzanzi la zala
khungu
hypersalivation
ana opukusidwa
anjala yosalephera
kuchepa kwa mawonekedwe
Kulephera kuyenda
kuda nkhawa, kapena, chopinga,
kudziwa zolakwika
clonic-tonic kukomoka.

Chowonetsera chowopsa cha insulin yochulukirapo ndikupanga chipere cha hypoglycemic komwe kumayambitsa moyo.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulin sangakhale kokha owopsa, komanso osachiritsika. Kukula kwakumapeto kumalumikizidwa ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chamafuta a shuga. Pambuyo pakuyamwa kwa insulin, ngakhale muyezo woyenera, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatsika kwakanthawi. Thupi limayesetsa kulipirira izi powonjezera kaphatikizidwe ka glucagon, corticosteroids ndi adrenaline - mahomoni omwe amalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose.

Zizindikiro za mapangidwe insulin

chilala chambiri,
kunenepa
mawonekedwe a mkodzo wa acetone,
kupezeka kwa shuga mkodzo,
pafupipafupi milandu ya ketoacidosis
akulumpha m'magazi a masana masana,
hypoglycemia yomwe imachitika nthawi ina masana,
kusintha kwa matenda ashuga kukhala mawonekedwe owopsa.

Mavuto a kagayidwe kazakudya kamene kamayambitsa matenda osakanikirana a insulin amachititsa kuti m'mawa kwambiri odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amishuga mellitus hyperglycemia amachitika, ndipo masana shuga wambiri amachepa ndipo hypoglycemia imayamba.

Ngati mankhwalawa ali ndi insulin yambiri, makamaka yanthawi yochepa, thandizo loyenerera liyenera kuperekedwa nthawi yomweyo. Ndiosavuta kwambiri: wodwalayo ayenera kumwa tiyi wokoma, kudya maswiti, supuni ya supuni kapena shuga. Ngati vuto lakelo silikuyenda bwino mkati mwa mphindi 3-5, chakudya chomwe chimakhala ndi zovuta zam'mimba zimayenera kubwerezedwa.

Popeza bongo la insulini limapangitsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, njira yama glucose (20- 40%) ya shuga imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala.

Ngati vuto la insulin yochulukirapo, chithandizo choyamba chayamba kusintha, palibe chifukwa chachipatala chodzidzimutsa. Komabe, posachedwa, wodwalayo amayenera kukaonana ndi dokotala kuti asinthe mlingo komanso pafupipafupi pokonzekera insulin.

Mu milandu yomwe insulin yochulukirapo imakhala yovuta komanso kudya chakudya chamafuta sichimachotsa wodwala ku matenda a hypoglycemia, ndikofunikira kuyitanitsa gulu la ambulansi.

Chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi mankhwala ambiri a insulin amachitika mu dipatimenti ya endocrinology. Ndi kukula kwa hypoglycemic chikomokere - kuchipinda chothandizira kwambiri komanso chisamaliro chachikulu.

M'chipatala, odwala amafunikira mwachangu kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi komanso magawo ena a biochemical. Chithandizo cha mankhwalawa chimayamba ndi kupaka kwamitsempha yama glucose 20-25%. Ngati ndi kotheka, glucagon imayendetsedwa intramuscularly.

Ndi chitukuko cha chikomokere, kukonza matenda opuwala kwamankhwala ofunikira kumachitika.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala a insulin sikuwopseza moyo komanso thanzi, madigiri ofatsa a hypoglycemia samapezeka kawirikawiri mwa odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba. Komabe, ngati hypoglycemia imachitika pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti kupangika kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulin kuyenera kukayikiridwa, omwe angakulitse matendawa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala a insulin kungayambitse kukula kwamitsempha yayikulu:

Zizindikiro zoyipa
matenda edema,
dementia (kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro m'maganizo ndikupanga matenda a dementia).

Hypoglycemia ndiowopsa makamaka kwa okalamba, komanso kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda amtima. Odwala a m'magulu awa, amatha kuthana ndi vuto la stroke, myocardial infarction, ndi retinal hemorrhage.

Kanema wochokera pa YouTube pamutu wankhani:

Baranov V.G. Chitsogozo cha Zamankhwala Amkati. Matenda a endocrine dongosolo ndi kagayidwe, State Publishing House of Medical Literature - M., 2015. - 304 p.
Kishkun, A.A. Katswiri wazachipatala wothandizira matenda. Zolemba zamanesi / A.A. Kishkun. - M: GEOTAR-Media, 2010 .-- 720 p.
Sidorov P.I., Soloviev A.G., Novikova I.A., Mulkova N.N. Matenda a matenda ashuga: mbali za psychosomatic, SpecLit -, 2010. - 176 p.

Ndiloleni ndidziwitse. Dzina langa ndi Elena. Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito ya endocrinologist kwa zaka zoposa 10. Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakadali pano ndili katswiri pantchito yanga ndipo ndikufuna kuthandiza alendo onse omwe amapezeka pamalowo kuti athetse zovuta osati ntchito. Zinthu zonse za tsambalo amazisonkhanitsa ndikuzikonza mosamala kuti athe kufotokoza zambiri zofunikira. Musanagwiritse ntchito zomwe zikufotokozedwa pa webusayiti, kukambirana ndi akatswiri ndizofunikira nthawi zonse.