Matenda a shuga a sekondale

Zachidziwikire kuti ambiri a inu mwazimvapo izi - matenda ashuga. Koma, mwina, alipo ochepa omwe angapereke tanthauzo lomveka bwino la matendawa. Monga momwe dzinali likunenera, nthendayi imalumikizidwa ndi matenda achilengedwe, koma kusiyana kwake ndi kotani? Tiyesetsa kupereka yankho lenileni komanso lomveka bwino pafunso ili.

Zokhudza shuga yachiwiri

Matenda a shuga a sekondale amapezeka chifukwa cha kuphwanya kwa pancreatic ntchito. Zimatha kuchitika ngati zolakwika za endocrine system zimawonedwa.

Nthawi zambiri, kapamba amasiya kugwira ntchito mwaumoyo pambuyo pa matenda monga khansa, hemochromatosis ndi kapamba. Chifukwa cha izi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda ashuga a shuga akhale ofanana kwathunthu ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga a mtundu I.

Kuchokera pamankhwala

Zomwe zimayambitsa ndikudziwikiratu

Matenda a shuga a sekondale amachitika chifukwa chonyansa mu endocrine system komanso chifukwa chosagwira bwino ntchito kwa kapamba. Poyambirira, zomwe zimayambitsa shuga wambiri m'magazi zimakhala zingapo matenda:

Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome, momwe mumakhala kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a adrenocorticotropic.
Acromegaly ndi matenda a anterior pituitary gland;
Pheochromocytoma ndi chotupa m'matumbo a adrenal, momwe ma catecholamine omwe amalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga amatulutsidwa m'magazi.
Matenda a Wilson - Konovalov - amadziwika ndi kusagwira bwino ntchito posinthana ndi mkuwa, chifukwa cha momwe amadziunjikira ziwalo zamkati.
Hemochromatosis ndikuphwanya kagayidwe kazitsulo, chifukwa chomwe chimasonkhanitsidwa m'matumbo a ziwalo zamkati, kuphatikizapo kapamba.
Cohn's syndrome ndimatenda omwe amakhudza ma grenal adrenal, momwe aldosterone imapangidwira kwambiri. Hormone iyi imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito shuga.

Komanso, mitundu yachiwiri ya matenda ashuga imawonekera motsutsana ndi mavuto omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kapamba. Izi zimaphatikizapo zotupa - khansa, somatostinoma ndi lucagonoma.

Kuchotsa kwa chiwalo kapena kapamba, pancreatic necrosis ndi kapamba zimasokonezeranso kuchuluka kwa kugaya kwa shuga. Komanso, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga zimatha kuvulaza kapamba kapena poyizoni wake nthawi zonse ndi zinthu zapoizoni.

Zomwe zimatsogolera pakupezeka kwa matenda ashuga ndi chibadwidwe. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga m'mabanja awo amafunika kuwunika nthawi ndi nthawi.

Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri kumathandizanso kuti matendawo akule. Kupatula apo, zolakwika m'matumbo am'mimba zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa maid ndi cholesterol m'thupi. Poterepa, wosanjikiza wamafuta amapangika pa kapamba omwe amalepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwake.

Zinthu zotsatirazi zomwe zimasokoneza kayendedwe ka shuga mthupi ndi zolephera mummimba.

Kulephera kwammimba kumapangitsanso kuti zinthu zizichitika.

Chithunzi cha kuchipatala

Malo otsogola a mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga amakhala ndi zizindikiro za matenda omwe amayambitsa mawonekedwe ake. Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zimachitika monga kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumasintha.

Odwala omwe amadalira insulin adazindikira kuti panthawi yopanga matendawa anali ndi mawonekedwe awa:

kamwa yowuma
kupanda chidwi ndi malaise
kukodza pafupipafupi
ludzu.

Kuuma ndi kuwawa mkamwa kumapangitsa kuti munthu azikhala ndi ludzu pafupipafupi. Zizindikiro zotere zimawonekera mukakhala kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, chifukwa chomwe ntchito ya impso imathandizira.

Zofooka zimachitika chifukwa chogwira ntchito molimba ziwalo, zomwe zimathandiza kuti azivala mwachangu. Komanso, wodwalayo atha kukhala ndi chidwi chambiri. Chifukwa chake thupi likuyesayesa kubwezeretsanso mphamvu zamagetsi, koma chodabwitsa cha matenda ashuga ndichakuti ngakhale atadya zakudya zopatsa thanzi kwambiri, wodwalayo amachepetsa thupi.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga zitha kuoneka kuti sizikuwonekera kwa nthawi yayitali kwambiri, chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakhala kwabwinobwino. Komabe, zitatha kupsinjika ndi katundu, zizindikiro zake zikukula kwambiri. Pakufunika kwakanthawi matenda ndi chithandizo chotsatira, matendawa amatenga mawonekedwe otseguka, omwe amafunika insulin.

Cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwalawa ndikuchotsa matenda omwe akuwatsogolera kapena omwe adayambitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chake, ngati mawonekedwe ake adayambitsa kulephera kwa impso, ndiye kuti dokotalayo amapereka mankhwala a hepatoprotectors ndi mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito chitetezo mthupi.

Ngati zifukwa zoyambitsira matendawa ndizonenepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti zakudya ndizofunikira. Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kudya chakudya chomwe chimathandizira njira zama metabolic ndikuchotsa shuga mthupi. Ndi zovuta ndi thirakiti la m'mimba, muyenera kudya moyenera ndikumwa mankhwala omwe amathandizira kukonza chimbudzi.

Mwakutero, chithandizo cha matenda ashuga achiwiri ndi ofanana ndi a 2 matenda a shuga. Ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kutsatira kadyedwe. Pachifukwa ichi, mafuta osaposa 90 g ayenera kudya chakudya chimodzi.

Komanso pPamaso pachakudya chilichonse muyenera kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mkate. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zakumwa za shuga (koloko, tiyi, khofi, misuzi ndi shuga).

Monga chithandizo chamankhwala, adotolo atha kufotokozera kuchokera ku gulu la sulfonylureas (Diabeteson, Amaryl, Maninil). Mankhwala opangidwa mwatsopano omwe amakonzanso chidwi cha maselo kuti apange insulin akuphatikizira Pioglitazone, Avandia, Actos, ndi ena.

Mankhwala ophatikizidwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda oyamba a shuga ndi mitundu ina ya matendawa ndi Glukovans, Metaglip, Glybomet. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga azikhala m'magazi mutatha kudya amaphatikiza dongo.

Monga mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kukonza kugaya ndi kugaya chakudya m'matumbo, Acarbose, Dibicor ndi Miglitol amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga, dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors, amathanso kukonzekera. Kuphatikiza apo, physiotherapy ya matenda a shuga imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Physiotherapy ndikofunikira kuti pakhale matenda a shuga. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe akudwala matendawa amawonetsedwa mtundu womwewo wa katundu, monga:

kuyendetsa njinga
Kuyenda
kusambira
kuwala kuthamanga
aerobics.

Malowedwe ndi kuchuluka kwa katundu zimatsimikiziridwa ndi adotolo, kutengera zaka za wodwalayo, machitidwe ake a thupi komanso kupezeka kwa matenda oyanjana.

Koma pakuchotsa kapamba, njira zamankhwala zingasinthidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, jakisoni wa insulin amaperekedwa nthawi zonse kwa munthu.

Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa matenda am'madzi a shuga kumakhazikitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa matendawa. Ndi mtundu wofatsa wamatendawa, chithandizo chimakhala ndikuwona zakudya zinazake, kukhalabe ndi moyo wabwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Pakatikati pa matendawa, ngati sizotheka kutulutsa matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa. Koma panthawi imodzimodzi, mankhwala a antipyretic amaperekedwa kwa wodwala.

Pankhani ya matenda oopsa a shuga, mankhwalawo ndi omwewo. Komabe, insulin yokhazikika imawonjezeredwa kwa iye pamtundu wa mankhwala omwe adokotala adawauza. Kanema yemwe watchulidwa munkhaniyi akupitiliza kufotokoza za matenda oyamba a matenda ashuga.

Matenda a sekondale - madigiri

Pali magawo atatu a shuga yachiwiri - ofatsa, odziletsa komanso okhwima.

At zosavuta Madigiri a matendawa amatha kuthandizidwa ndimankhwala okhwima.
Pakatikati mtundu wa matenda ashuga ophatikizika amathandizirana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwalawa - onse ndi zakudya komanso mankhwala a pakamwa.
Nanga bwanji zolemetsa digiri ndiyofunika kunena mawu ochepa padera - pamaso pa gawo ili, wodwalayo amalumpha mosalekeza m'magawo a shuga, kuphatikiza, amafunikira insulini yayikulu.

M'malo mwake, kuchiza matenda ashuga yachiwiri ndikosavuta kuposa, mwachitsanzo, lembani matenda ashuga.

Kodi odwala matenda ashuga achiwiri amathandizidwa bwanji?

Mutazindikira kuti muli ndi matendawa, muyenera kuyesereranso kuchipatala.

Ndikofunikira kukambirana ndi dokotala, mawonekedwe a kumwa mankhwala, komanso njira zothetsera chitukuko cha matenda ena amtundu wa endocrine, omwe amatha kuphulika msanga motsutsana ndi matenda osakhazikika a shuga.

Ndipo atachiritsa ndikuphatikiza zotsatirazi, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga umatsitsanso kwambiri.

Matenda a shuga achiwiri: zambiri

Matenda a shuga am'mbuyomu ndi chifukwa chazovuta m'thupi. Kunena mwatchutchutchu, kumayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo la endocrine mokulira komanso makamaka kapamba. Ichi ndichifukwa chake chimatchedwa chisonyezo.

Fomuyi ndiyosowa - 1% ya anthu onse odwala matenda ashuga padziko lapansi. Amadziwika ndi kufanana kwambiri ndi matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, koma pankhani iyi palibe chifukwa cha autoimmune chomwe chimapangitsa kukula kwa matenda a mtima. Mwanjira ina, ma antibodies a ku Largenhans islet cell sapezeka.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga a Sekondale

Pali magulu atatu a zifukwa zoyambitsidwa ndi mfundo yakukula kwa mkhalidwewu:

Zovuta zam'mimba za kapamba.
Matenda a endocrine dongosolo.
Zotsatira za poizoni.

Zovuta za kapamba zimaphatikizapo:

Kuphwanya kwachilengedwe m'thupi.
Glucagonoma.
Pancreatectomy
Somatostinoma.
Zowonongeka kwa kapamba chifukwa cha kuwawa.
Matenda apakhungu / pachimake.

Matenda a endocrine dongosolo ndi monga:

Matenda a Wilson-Konovalov.
Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome.
Acromegaly.
Pheochromocytoma.
Hemochromatosis.
Matenda a Cohn.

Zovuta za kapamba wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zinthu zoopsa zimatha kuyambitsa kapamba, chifukwa cha zomwe pancreatogenic shuga mellitus imapangidwa. Pankhaniyi, kupanga insulini kumayipa, minyewa ya insulin imachepa, maselo a beta akuvutika. Zotsatira zake - hyperglycemia. Mankhwalawa amaphatikizapo magulu monga antidepressants, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mankhwala a chemotherapy, okodzetsa.

Zizindikiro ndi matenda

Matenda a sekondale amawonekera ngati mtundu waukulu wa matendawa. Ndiye kuti, Zizindikiro zikuwoneka kuti zikukula patapita nthawi, mwachitsanzo, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Choyamba, ludzu losagonjetseka limawonekera, lomwe, ngakhale munthu amamwa zochuluka motani, silidutsa. Nthawi yomweyo, polyuria imakulanso - munthu amamwa kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amathamangira kuchimbudzi nthawi zambiri.

Kuchepa mphamvu ndi kusowa kwa mphamvu zimatsogolera ku mfundo yoti munthu amatopa msanga ndipo amafuna kugona nthawi zonse. Komanso, kusowa mphamvu kumakhudza chilakolako cha thupi. Kuti apange izo, thupi limafunikira chakudya chochuluka. Komabe, wodwalayo sakungonenepa, koma m'malo mwake amachepetsa thupi.

Njira zakuzindikira ndizofanana ndi mitundu yayikulu ya matenda ashuga. Mbali yodziwika bwino ya matenda ashuga opatsirana ndikuti chizindikiritso pakuwunika magazi chopanda pake ndichabwinobwino, koma katundu wa wodwala akangodwala, amadzuka kwambiri.

Chithandizo cha Matenda Aakulu a shuga

Popeza sekondale yachiwiri ya shuga ndi chizindikiro, ndikuwonetsa matenda ena owopsa, lingaliro la mankhwalawo limakhala ndi njira zenizeni zothetsera matenda oyambitsawa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati izi zidachitika chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa kapamba wa zinthu zakupha, zakumwa zawo ziyenera kuyimitsidwa mwachangu.

Mosakayikira, odwala onse ayenera kutsatira zakudya. Wopezeka ku endocrinologist amalemba mndandanda kwa wodwalayo, kapena munthuyo amadzisankhira yekha, poganizira zonse zomwe dokotala akufuna, ndikungolowetsa zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi chidziwitso chotsika cha glycemic.

Njira yotsatira ndi njira yoyenera ya moyo. Izi sizongokhala ndi zakudya zokha, komanso kukana zizolowezi zoyipa, zokhazikika, koma zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi. Sikoyenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikulemba ganyu wothandizira, makamaka chifukwa si aliyense amene ali ndi mwayi. Tsiku ndi tsiku amayenda mu mpweya watsopano, okwera njinga paki kapena kuthengo, kusambira, kudumpha zingwe ndi zina zotero.

Ngati nthendayi yoyambira idachiritsidwa, ndipo matenda a shuga sawakhazikika, makamaka, sizotheka kutulutsa shuga m'magazi, izi zikutanthauza kuti mankhwalawa akudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi sizokwanira. Pankhaniyi, kukhazikika kwa shuga kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga, pomwe mankhwalawa amasankhidwa payekhapayekha kwa wodwala aliyense, kutengera kuuma kwa matendawa.

Ngati njira zonse zakumwambazi sizipereka zotsatira zoyenera, zomwe zimayimira matenda oopsa, madokotala amapangira jakisoni wa insulin. Mlingo wake umasankhidwanso payekhapayekha.