Mankhwala Zanocin: malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito

Zanocin akupezeka mu mitundu yotsatsa iyi:

• Njira yothetsera kulowetsedwa (100 ml mumabotolo, botolo limodzi mubokosi la makatoni),
• Mapiritsi, okutira kapena ophatikizidwa ndi filimu (ma PC ma 10. M'matumba, 1 chithuza mu mtolo wa makatoni).

The piritsi 1 ndi 100 ml ya kulowetsedwa njira akuphatikiza ntchito: ofloxacin - 200 mg.

Mankhwala

Ofloxacin, chinthu chogwira ntchito cha mankhwalawa, ndiwothandizirana kwambiri ndi mankhwala othandizira omwe ali m'gulu la fluoroquinolone. Imagwira pa bakiteriya ya michere ya DNA gyrase, yomwe imayendetsa bwino kwambiri, ndipo, motero, imasintha kukhazikika kwa DNA ya tizilombo (kusakhazikika kwa maunyolo a DNA kumapangitsa kufa kwawo). Thupi limakhalanso ndi bactericidal.

Ofloxacin amagwirizana kwambiri ndi tizilombo totsatirazi:

• Anaerobes: Clostridium perfringens,
• Ma grram-negative aerobes: Serratia marcescens, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (posakhalitsa), Bordetella pertussis, Providencia stuartii, Providencia rettgeri, Citrobacter koseri, Citrobacter freundii, Proteus vulgareroeroeroberoeroberoeroberoeroberoeroberoeroberoeroberoeroberoeroberoeroberoeroberoeroberoeroberoooobroberooooobob Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Haemophilus fuluwenza, Haemophilus ducreyi, Morganella morganii, Moraxella catarrhalis,
• gram-aerobes gram: Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae (penicillin-obliins oblique), Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus epermidis (methicillin-obliins strains), Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-obliins strains),
• ena: Ureaplasma urealyticum, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis, Legionella pneumophila, Gardnerella vaginalis.

Mwambiri, kukana kwa ofloxacin kumawonetsedwa ndi Treponema pallidum, Nocardia asteroides, mitundu yambiri ya Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Mabakiteriya a Anaerobic (kuphatikiza Clostridium Hardile, Bacteroides spp. Fusobacterium spp. .

Pharmacokinetics

Pambuyo pakukonzekera pakamwa, ofloxacin imagwidwa mwachangu komanso pafupifupi kwathunthu (pafupifupi 95%). Bioavailability ndi oposa 96%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a plasma ndi 25%. Pakuperekedwa, pazinthu zambiri pazomwe zimachitika pambuyo pa maola 1-2 ndi pambuyo pa makonzedwe a 200 mg, 400 mg ndi 600 mg ndi wofanana ndi 2.5 μg / ml, 5 μg / ml ndi 6.9 μg / ml, motsatana.

Kudya kungachepetse mayamwidwe a yogwira Zanocin, koma sikuti kumakhudza kwambiri kukhudzika kwake.

Pambuyo kulowetsedwa kamodzi kwa 200 mg ofloxacin, komwe kumatenga mphindi 60, pafupifupi kuchuluka kwa plasma ndende ndi 2.7 μg / ml. Maola 12 pambuyo pa kutsata, mtengo wake umatsikira ku 0,3 μg / ml. Kufanana kwa equilibrium kumachitika pokhapokha utali wa 4 wa Zanocin. Pafupifupi muyeso ndi pachimake kuyerekezera zinthu kumatheka pambuyo mtsempha wa magazi ofiloxacin maola 12 aliwonse masiku 7 ndipo ndi 0.5 ndi 2.9 μg / ml, motsatana.

Kuchulukitsa komwe kumawoneka kumafikira 100 malita. Ofloxacin imagawiridwa kwathunthu pamwamba pa ziwalo ndi minyewa ya thupi, kulowa chinsinsi cha prostate gland, maselo (ma alveolar macrophages, leukocytes), bile, malovu, mkodzo, khungu, kupuma, mafupa, minofu yofewa, mafupa am'mimba ndi zam'mimba. Vutoli limagonjera mosavuta ubongo ndi zotchinga za m'magazi, zimapukusidwa mkaka wa m'mawere ndipo zimatsimikiziridwa mu madzi a cerebrospinal (14-60% ya mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa).

Metabolism ya Ofloxacin imachitika m'chiwindi (mpaka 5% ya mankhwala omwe amapanga biotransfform), ndipo metabolites yayikulu ndi demethylofloxacin ndi ofloxacin-N-oxide. Kutha kwa theka-moyo kumasiyana kwa maola 4,5 mpaka 7 ndipo sikudalira mlingo. Pulogalamuyi imakokedwa mu mkodzo - mpaka 75-90% osasinthika, pafupifupi 4% yaloxacin imachotsedwa mu ndulu. Chilolezo chowonjezera sichidutsa 20%. Pambuyo jekeseni imodzi ya mankhwala mu 200 mg, ofloxacin amatsimikiza mu mkodzo kwa maola 20-24.

Odwala omwe ali ndi hepatic kapena aimpso kulephera, kuchuluka kwa kufala kwa mankhwalawa kumatha kuchepa. Kupanga kwa chinthu m'thupi kulibe. Munthawi ya hemodialysis, mpaka 10-30% yogwira mankhwala Zanocin amamuchotsa.

Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito

• Zofooka: kwamikodzo thirakiti, matenda a chinzonono, chlamydia, ziwalo za ENT, kupuma kwam'mimba, ziwalo zam'maso, minofu yofewa ndi khungu, matenda am'mimba,
• Endocarditis
• Chifuwa chachikulu (monga mankhwala osakanikirana monga mankhwala a mzere wachiwiri),
• Bacteremia.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito Zanocin: njira ndi mlingo

Mlingo wa Zanocin umasankhidwa payekha.

Mankhwala okhala ngati mapiritsi amatengedwa pakamwa. Njira yofunsira imatsimikiziridwa ndikuwonetsa:

• Matenda amkati ndimatenda osavuta a kwamikodzo: 2 kawiri pa tsiku, 200 mg iliyonse,
• Zofooka zosiyanasiyana zamatenda osiyanasiyana: 2 pa tsiku, 200-400 mg,
• Chlamydia: 2 kawiri pa tsiku, 300-400 mg kwa masiku 7-10,
• Prostatitis yoyambitsidwa ndi E. coli: 2 kawiri pa tsiku, 300 mg iliyonse (mpaka masabata 6),
• Pachimake zovuta kupweteka: kamodzi 400 mg.

Zanocin mu mawonekedwe a njira yothetsera kulowetsedwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzera mkati, kukoka, kulowetsedwa. Mankhwala nthawi zambiri zotchulidwa:

• Matenda amitsempha yam'mimba: 2 kawiri pa tsiku, 200 mg iliyonse,
• Matenda a intraabdominal, matenda a minofu yofewa, khungu, thirakiti la kupuma: 2 kawiri pa tsiku, 200-400 mg.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Pa mankhwala, zotsatirazi mavuto amabwera:

• Pakati mantha dongosolo: kufooka, chizungulire, kusowa tulo, kupweteka kwa mutu, Photophobia,
• Matumbo: Kukhumudwa kwam'mimba, nseru, kutsegula m'mimba, kusanza, matenda a anorexia,
• Thupi lawo siligwirizana: malungo, zotupa, kutupa, kuyabwa.

Bongo

Zizindikiro za mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Zanocin ndi: kutalika kwa nthawi ya QT, chizungulire, kugona, kusokonezeka, kufoka, chisokonezo, kusanza. Pankhaniyi, chithandizo chapamimba ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chimalimbikitsidwa. Ndi kutalika kwa nthawi ya QT, kuyang'anira ECG nthawi zonse ndikofunikira.

Kuyanjana kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Zanocin imachepetsa maantacid okhala (mayamwidwe).

Nthawi zina, Zanocin angakulitse kuchuluka kwa theophylline mu plasma.

Zofanizira za Zanocin ndi: Dancil, Zoflox, Tarivid, Ofloxacin, Ofloxacin Zentiva, Ofloxacin-Teva, Ofloxacin Protekh, Ofloxin, Uniflox, Phloxal.

Ndemanga za Zanocin

Malinga ndi ndemanga, Zanocin nthawi zambiri imalembedwa kwa odwala ngati gawo la mankhwalawa metroneteetritis, perimetritis ndi salpingoophoritis, komanso matenda ena a urological ndi gynecological. Chithandizo, malinga ndi akatswiri, chinali chothandiza komanso chothandiza, popeza ofloxacin imathandiza kwambiri pazomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Odwala ambiri amalola kuthandizira bwino, ochepa okha ndi omwe anali ndi vuto la m'mimba, nseru ndi matenda a anorexia, komanso mawonekedwe a photosensitivity panthawi ya chithandizo ndi Zanocin nthawi yachisanu.

Ofloxacin amatulutsidwa kudzera mu impso, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wochizira njira zotupa zomwe zimagwirizana ndi matenda a urological. Kale pa tsiku la 5-7 atayamba chithandizo, bacteriuria imasowa ndipo thanzi la odwala likuyenda bwino. Zotsatira zoyipa ndizosowa kwambiri.

Zanocin itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza matenda otupa omwe amayamba chifukwa cha Escherichia coli ndi pseudomonas. Komanso, imakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa. Chifukwa chake, madokotala nthawi zambiri amalembera mankhwalawa Edzi ndi khansa, chifukwa mikhalidwe yotere imadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa chitetezo chokwanira.

Pharmacological zimatha mankhwala Zanocin

Mankhwala Ofloxacin ((±) -9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10- (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl) -7-oxo-7H-pyrido1,2,3-de-1,4- benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid) ndi mankhwala othandizira gulu la fluoroquinolone. Mphamvu ya bactericidal yaloloacacin, monga ma quinolones ena osinthika, imatheka chifukwa chokhoza kutsekeka kwa michere ya michere ya DNA gyrase.
The antibacterial sipekitiramu ya mankhwala chimakwirira tizilombo tosiyanasiyana penicillin, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, komanso tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambiri.
Zanocin OD - mankhwala omwe amasulidwa kwantchito ya mankhwala - ofloxacin. Mankhwala amatengedwa 1 nthawi patsiku. Piritsi limodzi la Zanocin OD 400 kapena 800 mg, lomwe limatengedwa kamodzi patsiku, limapereka chithandiziro chofanana ndi kumwa mapiritsi awiri a nthawi zonse aloxacin 200 ndi 400 mg, motero, amatengedwa kawiri pa tsiku.
Zanocin piritsi ndi yogwira mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana.
Mabakiteriya olakwika a aerobic: E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Yersinia spp., Enterobacter spp., Morganella morganii, Providencia spp., Vibrio spp., Citrobacter spp., Serratia spp. , Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. cepacia, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, H. ducreyi, Acinetobacter spp., Moraxella catarrhalis, Gardnerella vaginalis, Pasteurella multocida, Helicobacter pyl. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwalawo imakhala ndi zovuta. Brucella melitensis.
Mabakiteriya olimbitsa thupi aerobic gram: staphylococci, kuphatikiza penicillinase yotulutsa tizilombo, ndi methicillin zosagwirizana ndi mitsempha, Streptococcus pneumoniae), Listeria monocytogene, Corynebacterium spp.
Ofloxacin ndiwogwira kwambiri kuposa ciprofloxacin mogwirizana Chlamydia trachomatis. Komanso yogwira motsutsa Mycobacterium leprae ndi Chifuwa chachikulu cha mycobacterium ndi mitundu ina Mycobacterium. Pali malipoti a synergistic zotsatira za ofloxacin ndi rifabutin mogwirizana M. leprae.
Treponema pallidum, ma virus, bowa ndi protozoa saganizira za ofloxacin.
Pharmacokinetics Mankhwalawa amayenda msanga ndipo pafupifupi amakhala atagwidwa kwambiri m'mimba. Mtheradi wa bioavailability wa ofloxacin ndi 96% pambuyo pakamwa. The kuchuluka kwa madzi am`magazi ukufika 3-4 μg / ml 1-2 mawola pambuyo makonzedwe a 400 mg. Kudya sikuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa ofloxacin, koma kungachedwetse kuyamwa. Hafu ya moyo wa mankhwalawa ndi maola 5-8. Chifukwa cha forloxacin imachotsedwa makamaka ndi impso, pharmacokinetics yake imasintha kwambiri mwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto laimpso (creatinine chilolezo cha ≤50 ml / min) motero amafunikira kusintha kwa mlingo.
Hemodialysis pang'ono amachepetsa ndende yaloxacin mu madzi am`magazi. Ofloxacin imagawidwa kwambiri mu minofu ndi zofunikira za thupi, kuphatikiza CSF, kuchuluka kwa magawidwewo kukuchokera 1 mpaka 2,5 l / kg. Pafupifupi 25% ya mankhwalawa imamangiriza mapuloteni a plasma. Ofloxacin amadutsa pamtunda kulowa mkaka wa m'mawere. Imafika pamatenda ambiri am'matimu ndi madzi amthupi, kuphatikiza ascites, bile, malovu, secretion wa bronchial, chikhodzodzo cha ndulu, mapapu, zotupa za prostate, minofu yamafupa.
Ofloxacin ali ndi mphete ya pyridobenzoxazine, yomwe imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe kazomwe makolo amakhala. Mankhwalawa amachotsedwa mu mkodzo osasinthika, ndi 65-80% mkati mwa maola 24- 48. Osakwana 5% ya mankhwalawa amamuchotsa mkodzo mwa mawonekedwe a dimethyl kapena N-oxide metabolites. 4-8% ya mlingo wotengedwa umathiridwa ndowe. Pafupifupi pang'ono ya ofoxacin amamuchotsa mu ndulu.
Panalibe kusiyanasiyana pakukula kwa mankhwalawa kwa achikulire, mankhwalawa amachotsedwa makamaka ndi impso m'malo osasinthika, ngakhale pang'ono. Popeza ofloxacin amatulutsidwa makamaka ndi impso, ndipo okalamba odwala, kuwonongeka kwa impso kumadziwika kwambiri, mlingo wa mankhwalawa umasinthidwa kuti muwoneke impso, monga momwe amalimbikitsira odwala onse.
Pharmacokinetics a Zanocin OD zimathandizira pakugwiritsa ntchito kwadongosolo. Chakudya sichikhudzanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa. Mapiritsi okhala ndi nthawi yayitali aloxacin amatengeka msanga ndipo amakhala ndi mayamwidwe ambiri poyerekeza ndi mapiritsi a orloxacin omwe amatengedwa kawiri patsiku. Pambuyo pakukonzekera kwa Zanocin OD 400 mg, pazotheka kuchuluka kwa ofloxacin m'madzi am'magazi amafikira pambuyo pa maola 6.778 ± 3.154 ndipo ndi 1.9088 μg / ml ± 0.46588 μg / ml. AUC0-1 ndi 21.9907 ± 4.60537 μg • g / ml. Pambuyo pakamwa a Zanocin OD pa mlingo wa 800 mg, pazipita kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa amapezeka pambuyo pa 7.792 ± 3.0357 h ndipo ndi 5.22 ± 1.24 μg / ml. Mulingo wa AUC0-t ndi 55.64 ± 11.72 μg • g / ml. Mu vitro mankhwalawa amamangidwa ndi mapuloteni a plasma pafupifupi 32%.
Kuchulukana kwa mankhwalawa kwa plasma ya magazi kumachitika pambuyo pokhazikitsidwa ndi 4 kwa mankhwalawa, ndipo AUC ndiwokwera pafupifupi 40% kuposa pambuyo pake.
Kuchotsa kwa ofloxacin m'thupi ndi biphasic. Ndi pakamwa mobwerezabwereza, theka la moyo wa mankhwalawa ndi pafupifupi maola 4-5 ndi maola 20-25.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala Zanocin

Zanocin: Mlingo umatengera mtundu wa microorganism komanso kuopsa kwa matenda, zaka, kulemera kwa thupi ndi ntchito ya impso ya wodwalayo. Nthawi zambiri, njira ya mankhwalawa ndi masiku 7-10, chithandizo chikuyenera kupitiliridwanso masiku ena atatu atachira zizindikiro za matenda. M'matenda oopsa komanso ovuta, chithandizo chamankhwala chimatha kupitilira. Mlingo wa mankhwalawa ndi 200-400 mg / tsiku mu Mlingo 2 wogawanika. Mlingo wa 400 mg (mapiritsi 2) amatha kumwa nthawi imodzi, makamaka m'mawa. Mlingo umodzi wa 400 mg ungalimbikitsidwe kwa gonorrhea yatsopano yosavuta. Mlingo wa 400 mg umalimbikitsidwa ndi WHO pochiza khate.
Intravenous Drip imayendetsedwa pa mlingo wa 200 mg (100 ml) pa 400 mg / h pa 200-400 mg 2 kawiri pa tsiku.
Mu vuto laimpso Mlingo wakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha kuopsa kwa aimpso kulephera ndi creatinine chilolezo. Mlingo woyenera wa mankhwalawa ngati mukulumikizika impso ndi 200 mg, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa amakonzedwa poganizira kupezeka kwa creatinine: chizindikiro cha 50-20 ml / mphindi - muyezo kwa maola 24 aliwonse, osakwana 20 ml / mphindi - 100 mg (1/2 t cants) maola 24 aliwonse
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kupitiliza kumwa mankhwalawa kwa miyezi yopitilira iwiri.
Zanocin OD kumwa 1 nthawi patsiku ndi chakudya. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku umayikidwa malinga ndi tebulo (onani pansipa). Malangizowa amagwira ntchito kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto laimpso (creatinine chilolezo 50 ml / min). Mapiritsiwo amezedwa.

Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku mg

Kuchulukitsa kwa matenda osakhazikika

Matenda opatsirana osavuta a pakhungu ndi minofu yolowerera

Pachimake kovuta urethral ndi khomo lachiberekero

Non-neococcal cervicitis / urethritis yoyambitsidwa ndi C. trachomatis

Matenda osakanikirana a urethra ndi khomo pachibelekeropo limayambitsa Chlamidia trachomatis ndi / kapena Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Pachimake zotupa matenda a m'chiuno ziwalo

Cystitis yosavuta yoyambitsidwa ndi Escherichia coli kapena Klebsiella chibayo

Cystitis yosavomerezeka yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi tizilombo tina toyambitsa matenda

1The causative wothandizila matendawa akhazikitsidwa.

Mu vuto laimpso mlingo umasinthidwa pamene creatinine chilolezo ndi ≤50 ml / min. Pambuyo pa mankhwala oyamba koyamba, mutagwiritsa ntchito Zanocin OD 400 mg, mlingo umakonzedwa motere:

Kukonza mlingo ndi pafupipafupi makonzedwe

Pa matenda opatsirana a pakhungu ndi minyewa yofewa, chibayo kapena kufalikira kwamatenda osachiritsika, zotupa za zotupa zam'mimba, tikulimbikitsidwa kutenga Zanocin OD 400 mg maola 24 aliwonse mpaka pano, palibe deta yodalirika pakusintha kwa Mlingo woyenera

Mpaka pano, palibe zosakwanira pazosintha Mlingo wovomerezeka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wa creatinine chilolezo ≤20 ml / min.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito Zanocin OD 800 mg mpaka pano, palibe zosakwanira pakusintha kwa Mlingo wolimbikitsidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi chilolezo cha creatinine ≤50 ml / min. Ngati kuchuluka kwa creatinine m'madzi a m'magazi ndikudziwika, kuvomerezeka kwa creatinine kungadziwike ndi kakhalidwe:

72 (plasma creatinine (mg / dl)

• kwa amayi: chilolezo cha creatinine (ml / mphindi) = 0.85 amuna kulengedwa kwa chilolezo chain.

The kuchuluka kwa creatinine mu madzi am`magazi amayang'aniridwa kuti azindikire mkhalidwe wa impso.
Kuchepa kwa chiwindi ntchito.
Excretion ya Ofloxacin itha kuchepetsedwa mu kukanika kwa chiwindi (cirrhosis ndi / popanda ascites), motero, mlingo waukulu waloxacin suyenera kupitilira - 400 mg patsiku.
At odwala okalamba palibe chifukwa chosinthira mlingo, pokhapokha ngati pali vuto laimpso kapena kwa chiwindi.

Zolemba zaukadaulo wazachipatala

Mankhwala antibacterial otambalala - Zanocin - opangidwa ndi Indian Corporation Ranbaxi Laboratories Ltd. The yogwira thunthu laloxacin (ofloxacinum) imawononga kwambiri DNA ya maselo a tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambiri, kutsekereza kuthekanso kwawo kubala.

Kuperewera Mawuwa adalowa m'miyoyo yathu kwambiri kotero kuti adasiya kutiwopseza. "Ndili ndi matenda, ndimamwa piritsi, ndipo zonse zapita," anthu ambiri amaganiza. Izi ndizolakwika. Pathogenic microflora imatha kuwononga thupi lathu kuchokera mkati mpaka kunja. Ndipo izi zitha kuchitika ngati masitepe sanatenge nthawi. Mankhwala othandizira odana ndi bakiteriya Zanocin adapangidwa ndi gulu la madokotala ndi akatswiri azachipatala kuti atseke genome la DNA ya maselo a pathogenic, ndikuwononga. Momwemo kumathandizanso wodwalayo kuzomwe zimamulepheretsa.Mankhwala Zanocin apangitsa kuti aiwale za mnansi wopanda vuto komanso wowopsa ngati matenda opatsirana amitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Pharmacological zochita za Zanocin

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amalimbana bwino ndi ma virus angapo mthupi la munthu. Imakhudza mwachindunji michere ya michere ya DNA gyrase, yomwe imatsimikizira kukhazikika kwa DNA ya bacteria. Kuphatikiza apo, malangizo a Zanocin akuwonetsa kuti mankhwalawa amatulutsa bactericidal. Yogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatulutsa beta-lactamases, komanso motsutsana ndi mycobacteria ya atypical.

Dosing Zanocin ndi Malamulo

Kulowa kwamitsempha kwa Zanocin ndi mankhwala ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda a kwamikodzo (100 mg), impso ndi ziwalo (100-200 mg), ziwalo za ENT ndi kupuma thirakiti, mafupa ndi mafupa, matenda a pakhungu, m'mimba, ziwalo zofewa. Kuphatikiza apo, malinga ndi ndemanga, Zanocin amathandizanso ndi bakiteriya enteritis komanso matenda a septic (200 mg). Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kawiri pa tsiku. Mlingo utha kuchulukitsidwa kapena kuchepetsedwa malinga ndi kuopsa kwa matendawa, kugwira ntchito kwa chiwindi ndi impso, komanso kuzindikira kwa magawo a mankhwalawa.

Ngati wodwala ali ndi zizindikiro zowoneka bwino zakuchepa kwa chitetezo cha m'thupi, chifukwa cha prophylactic, amapatsidwa 400-600 mg kwa maola 24.

Nthawi zina Zanocin amathandizidwa 200 mg (yankho likhale labwino). Kutalika kwa njirayi ndi mphindi 30.

Malangizo a Zanocin akuwonetsa kuti mankhwalawa amalembanso pakamwa. Akuluakulu, mlingo waukulu wa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 800 mg. Kutalika kwa chithandizo ndi masabata 1-1.5.

Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lofooka la impso ayenera kukayezetsa ndi kupeza upangiri. Odwala otere nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa theka la tsiku (100 mg) tsiku lililonse. Nthawi zina, 200 mg imayendetsedwa koyamba, kenako maphunzirowo amapitilizidwa ndi Mlingo wa 100 mg.

Pankhani ya kulephera kwa chiwindi, mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 100 mg (kuchuluka kwake pamenepa sikuyenera kupitirira 400 mg).

Mapiritsi 400 a Zanocin OD 400 samatafuna, osambitsidwa ndi madzi pang'ono pakudya kapena musanadye. Njira yonse ya chithandizo imatengera wodwalayo, komanso nthawi yayitali ya matendawa.

Contraindication

Zanocin sinafotokozeredwe odwala omwe ali ndi hypersensitivity ku zigawo zikuluzikulu za mankhwalawa, ali ndi khunyu, pambuyo povulala pamutu, ndi zotupa za chapakati mantha dongosolo, Ndi zoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa ana osakwana zaka 18, azimayi oyembekezera, komanso pa nthawi yobereka.

Kufunsira kowonjezereka kumafunikira kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la ubongo la chapakati, zotupa zamkati zamanjenje ndi ngozi ya cerebrovascular.

Mlingo ndi makonzedwe

Mwanjira yothetsera vutoli, Zanocin imayendetsedwa kudzera m'mitsempha. Mlingo ndi mawonekedwe a kulowetsedwa zimatengera mtundu ndi malo omwe matendawa alowa, kuuma kwa matendawa, zaka za wodwalayo, ntchito ya chiwindi ndi impso, komanso kuzindikira kwa tizilombo.

Odwala achikulire amakonda kupatsidwa 200 mg kamodzi kapena kawiri pa tsiku. Mu matenda oopsa kapena ovuta, kuchuluka kwa mlingo wa 400 mg kawiri patsiku ndikotheka. Mlingo wovomerezeka tsiku lililonse ndi 800 mg. Kutalika kwa kulowetsedwa ndi mphindi 30-60. Asanayambe makonzedwe, Zanocin amadzidulira ndi 5% dextrose solution. Matenda a wodwalayo akangokhala bwino, amamuika pakumwa pakamwa monga mwa mapiritsi.

Mkati, Zanocin amatengedwa 200-400 mg patsiku. Ngati mulingo watsiku ndi tsiku mulibe kupitilira 400 mg, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzimwa nthawi imodzi, makamaka m'mawa. Mlingo wapamwamba umagawidwa pawiri. Ndikofunikira kumwa mapiritsi musanadye kapena nthawi ya chakudya.

Ndi chinzonono, monga lamulo, mlingo umodzi wa 400 mg waloxacin ndi wokwanira. Ndi prostatitis, 300 mg patsiku nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa.

Ngati aimpso ntchito, a Zanocin yafupika:

• Ngati KK ndi 50-20 ml / mphindi - 100-200 mg patsiku,
• Ngati CC ili pansipa 20 ml / mphindi - 100 mg / tsiku.

Odwala a hememalysis amapatsidwa 100 mg kamodzi patsiku.

Ndi kulephera kwa chiwindi ndi matenda enaake, Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku sayenera kupitirira 400 mg.

Kutalika kwa mankhwala a Zanocin kumadalira mphamvu ya pathogen ya ofloxacin ndi chithunzi chachikulu cha matenda. Monga lamulo, chithandizo chimatenga:

• Matenda a pakhungu ndi kupuma - masiku 10,
• Ndi matenda opatsirana a m'chiuno - - masiku 10-14,
• Ndi matenda a kwamkodzo thirakiti - masiku 3 mpaka 10,
• Ndi prostatitis - mpaka milungu 6.

Pambuyo pakutha kwa zizindikiro zonse za matendawa, kumwa mankhwalawa kumalimbikitsidwa kwa masiku osachepera awiri.

Zanocin OD mapiritsi a nthawi yayitali amalembedwa:

• Ndi matenda a kwamkodzo thirakiti ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana - 400 mg / tsiku kwa masiku 3-7, ndi zovuta zovuta - masiku 10,
• Ndi prostatitis - 400 mg patsiku kwa masabata 6,
• Matenda a pakhungu ndi minofu yofewa, kupuma thirakiti matenda - 800 mg / tsiku. kwa masiku 10.

Malangizo apadera

Nthawi yonse ya chithandizo ndiyofunikira:

• Onetsetsani kuti madzi okwanira akumayenda,
• Nthawi ndi nthawi mumayang'anitsitsa magazi anu
• Pewani kuwonetsedwa kwa UV,
• Samalani mukamayendetsa magalimoto ndikuchita ntchito zoopsa zomwe zingafunike kwambiri.

Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito Zanocin nthawi yayitali, muyenera kuwongolera chithunzi cha zotumphukira magazi, impso ndi chiwindi.

Kutsika kwa ndende yaloxacin kumawonedwa ndi munthawi yomweyo:

• Maantacid okhala okhala ndi magnesium, calcium ndi / kapena aluminiyamu,
• sucralfate
• Zokonzekera zomwe zimakhala ndizosiyanasiyana
• multivitamini, kuphatikizapo zinc.

Pachifukwa ichi, osachepera maola awiri akuyenera kuwonedwa pakati pa Mlingo wa mankhwalawa.

NSAIDs kuphatikiza ndi oflaxacin zimawonjezera mwayi wolimbikitsa mphamvu yolimbikitsa yamkati yamanjenje komanso kukulitsa khunyu.

Kupititsa patsogolo kuchitapo kanthu kumadziwika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwa Zanocin ndi aminoglycosides, mankhwala a beta-lactam ndi metronidazole.

Ofloxacin amachepetsa ma exophylline a theophylline, omwe amachititsa kuti azikhala ndi chidwi komanso azikhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa.

Ashof, Zoflox, Geoflox, Oflox, Ofloxacin, Ofloxabol, Oflomak, Oflotsid, Ofloxin, Tarivid, Taritsin, Tariferid.

Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala Zanocin

Zotsatira zamaphunziro azachipatala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza waloxacin, zotsatirazi zimawonedwa nthawi zambiri: nseru (3%), mutu (1%), chizungulire (1%), kutsegula m'mimba (1%), kusanza (1%), zidzolo (1%), kuyabwa khungu (1%), kuyabwa kwa maliseche akunja mwa akazi (1%), vaginitis (1%), dysgeusia (1%).
M'mayesero azachipatala, zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika mosasamala nthawi yayitali ya mankhwalawa anali mseru (10%), kupweteka mutu (9%), dysomnia (7%), kuyabwa kwa maliseche akunja mwa akazi (6%), chizungulire (5) %), vaginitis (5%), kutsegula m'mimba (4%), kusanza (4%).
M'mayesero azachipatala, zoyipa zomwe zimachitika mosasamala kanthu kutalika kwa mankhwalawa ndipo zimawonedwa mu 1-3% ya odwala anali ndi ululu wam'mimba komanso colic, kupweteka pachifuwa, kuchepa kwa chakudya, milomo yowuma, dysgeusia, kutopa, kufunda Matumbo am'mimba, manjenje, pharyngitis, pruritus, fever, zidzolo, kukomoka, kugona, kupweteka m'mimba, kumaliseche, kuwonongeka kowonekera, kudzimbidwa.
Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimadziwika mu maphunziro azachipatala osakwana 1% ya milandu, mosasamala kanthu za nthawi ya mankhwalawa:
kuphwanya malamulo: asthenia, chiri, malaise, kupweteka miyendo, mphuno,
Kuchokera pamtima: mtima kumangidwa, edema, matenda oopsa, ochepa hypotension, kudziwa kugunda kwa mtima, vasodilation,
Kuchokera m'mimba: dyspepsia
Kuchokera ku genitourinary system: kumverera kutentha, kukwiya, kupweteka ndi zotupa pamimba ya azimayi, dysmenorrhea, metrorrhagia,
Kuchokera kwamankhwala am'mimba: arthralgia, myalgia,
Kuchokera pakati: kugwedezeka, nkhawa, kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro, kukhumudwa, maloto amiseche, kukokomeza, kuyerekezera zinthu zina, kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima, Vertigo, kugwedezeka,
mbali ya kagayidwe: ludzu, kuchepa thupi,
Kuchokera pakupuma: kumangidwa kupuma, chifuwa, matenda a m'mimba,
thupi siligwirizana ndi khungu: angioedema, hyperhidrosis, urticaria, zidzolo, vasculitis,
Kuchokera ziwalo zam'malingaliro: kutaya khutu, tinnitus, Photophobia,
Kuchokera kwamikodzo dongosolo: dysuria, kukodza pafupipafupi, kusungika kwamikodzo.
Zosintha mu magawo a labotale zimapezeka mu ≥1% ya odwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza ofloxacin. Kusintha kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa chomwa mankhwalawa komanso matenda omwe amayambitsa:
Kuchokera kumagazi: kuchepa magazi, leukopenia, leukocytosis, neutropenia, neutrophilia, kupha neutrophilia, lymphocytopenia, eosinophilia, lymphocytosis, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytosis, kuchuluka ESR,
kuchokera ku hepatobiliary system: kuchuluka kwamchere phosphatase, asat, alat,
magawo a labotale: hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, hypercreatininemia, kuchuluka kwa urea, glucosuria, proteinuria, alkalinuria, hypostenuria, hematuria, pyuria.
Zochitika pambuyo pa malonda
Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zidachitika mosasamala nthawi yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa zidadziwika chifukwa chakuwonetsa kwa malonda a quinolones, kuphatikizapo ofloxacin.
Kuchokera pamtima: matenda amitsempha yotupa, pulmonary edema, tachycardia, ochepa hypotension / mantha, kukomoka, michere yamitsempha yamagazi monga pirouette.
Kuchokera pa endocrine dongosolo ndi kagayidwe: hyper- kapena hypoglycemia, makamaka odwala matenda a shuga omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a insulin kapena mankhwala amkamwa a hypoglycemic.
Kuchokera m'mimba: hepatonecrosis, jaundice (cholestatic kapena hepatocellular), hepatitis, matumbo kukomoka, kulephera kwa chiwindi (kuphatikizapo milandu yakupha), pseudomembranous colitis (Zizindikiro za pseudomembranous colitis zimatha kuchitika komanso pambuyo pa mankhwala opha maantiotic), magazi ochokera m'matumbo am'mimba, hiccups chigoba chamkamwa, kutentha pa chifuwa.
Kuchokera ku genitourinary system: vagidi candidiasis.
Kuchokera kumagazi: kuchepa magazi (kuphatikizapo hemolytic ndi aplastic), hemorrhage, pancytopenia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, kusinthika kwa chopinga cha mafupa ntchito, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura, petechiae, subcutaneous hemorrhage / kuvulala.
Kuchokera ku minculoskeletal system: tendonitis, kupindika kwa tendon, kufooka, pachimake mafupa a minofu necrosis.
Kuchokera kumbali yamanjenje yapakati: zolota, malingaliro ofuna kudzipha kapena zochita, kusokonezeka, malingaliro okhudzana, paranoia, phobia, kukwiya, kuda nkhawa, kupsa mtima, kudana, kutopa, kuphatikizika kwa mitsempha, kanaxia, mgwirizano wolakwika, kuwonjezeka. myasthenia gravis ndi vuto la extrapyramidal, dysphasia, chizungulire.
Kuchokera pakapumidwe: dyspnea, bronchospasm, thupi lawo siligwirizana, kupindika.
Thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi khungu: anaphylactic / anaphylactoid reaction / shock, purpura, serum matenda, multimorphic erythema / Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema nodosum, exfoliative dermatitis, hyperpigmentation, toxic epidermal necrolysis, conjunctivitis, photosensitivity / Phototoxicity reaction, vesiculobulosis.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro: diplopia, nystagmus, kusawona bwino, dysgeusia, kununkhira kwamaso, kumva komanso kusamala, komwe, monga lamulo, kudutsa atasiya kumwa mankhwalawa.
Kuchokera pamikodzo: anuria, polyuria, calculi impso, aimpso kulephera, interstitial nephritis, hematuria.
Zizindikiro zasayansi: kuchuluka kwa prothrombin nthawi, acidosis, hypertriglyceridemia, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, potaziyamu, chiwonetsero cha chiwindi, kuphatikizapo gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, LDH, bilirubin, albuminuria ,Revuria.
M'mayesero azachipatala ogwiritsa ntchito ma quinolones mobwerezabwereza, zovuta za ophthalmic zimapezeka, kuphatikiza ma calaract ndi kuwala kwamawu a mandala. Kugwirizana pakati pa kumwa mankhwalawa ndi mawonekedwe a zovuta izi sikunakhazikikebe.
Kupezeka kwa crystalluria ndi cylindruria kunanenedwapo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma quinolones ena.

Zanocin

Maantacid, sucralfate, zitsulo zazitsulo, mavitamini ambiri. Quinolones amapanga chelating mankhwala okhala ndi zamchere othandizira komanso onyamula zitsulo zazitsulo. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma quinolones osakanikirana ndi kukonzekera kwa antacid kokhala ndi calcium, magnesium kapena aluminiyamu, sucralfate, divalent kapena trivalent cations (iron), kukonzekera kwa multivitamin komwe kumakhala ndi zinc, didanosine kungachepetse mayamwidwe a quinolones, potero amachepetsa kutsekeka kwawo kwadongosolo. Mankhwala omwe ali pamwambapa amatengedwa maola awiri musanamwe kapena mutatha kumwa kwaloxacin.
Caffeine Palibe kuyanjana komwe kwapezeka.
Ma cyclosporins. Palibe malipoti a kuchuluka kwa cyclosporine m'madzi a m'magazi akaphatikizidwa ndi quinolones. Kuyanjana pakati pa quinolones ndi cyclosporins sikunaphunzire.
Cimetidine zinayambitsa kuphwanya kuchotsedwa kwa ma quinolones ena, omwe adapangitsa kuti pakhale theka la moyo wa mankhwalawo ndi AUC. Kugwirizana komwe kungachitike pakati pa ofloxacin ndi cimetidine sikunaphunzire.
Mankhwala omwe amapangidwa ndi michere ya cytochrome P450. Okonzekera ambiri a quinolone amalepheretsa enzymatic ntchito ya cytochrome P450. Izi zimatha kupititsa patsogolo theka la moyo wa mankhwala omwe amapangidwa ndi dongosolo lomwelo (cyclosporine, theophylline / methylxanthines, warfarin) akaphatikizidwa ndi quinolones.
NSAIDs. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kophatikizana kwa NSAIDs ndi quinolones, kuphatikizapo ofloxacin, kungayambitse chiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha zolimbikitsa zamkati mwa mantha amkati komanso kugwidwa.
Khalid. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa phenenecid ndi quinolones kungakhudze aimpso chiberekero. Zotsatira za probenecid pa ofloxacin excretion sizinaphunzire.
Theofylline. Miyezo ya plasma theophylline imatha kuwonjezeka ikaphatikizidwa ndi ofloxacin. Monga mitundu ina ya quinolones, ofloxacin imatha kutalikitsa hafu ya moyo wa theophylline, imachulukitsa milingo ya theophylline ndi chiwopsezo cha zotsatira zoyipa za theophylline. Ndikofunikira kudziwa pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa theophylline m'madzi am'magazi komanso kusintha mlingo wa mankhwalawa akaperekedwa mogwirizana ndi ofloxacin. Zotsatira zoyipa (kuphatikizapo kukomoka) zitha kuchitika ndi / popanda kuchuluka kwa theophylline mu plasma yamagazi.
Warfarin. Ma quinolones amatha kupititsa patsogolo zotsatira zakumwa pakamwa pa warfarin kapena zotumphukira zake. Chifukwa chake, ndi kuphatikiza kwa quinolones ndi warfarin kapena zotumphukira zake, nthawi ya prothrombin ndi zizindikiro zina zamagazi zimayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse.
Othandizira odwala matenda a shuga (insulin, glyburide / glibenclamide). Adanenedwa kusintha kwa shuga wamagazi, kuphatikiza hyper- ndi hypoglycemia, pomwe akumamwa mankhwala a quinolone ndi mankhwala antidiabetes, kotero glycemia iyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pamwambapa.
Mankhwala okhudzana ndi aimpso tubular excretion (furosemide, methotrexate). Ndi munthawi yomweyo makonzedwe a quinolones ndi mankhwala omwe amakhudza aimpso chiberekero, pakhoza kukhala kuphwanya kowonjezera ndi kuwonjezeka kwa milingo ya quinolones m'madzi a m'magazi.
Zotsatira zoyeserera zasayansi kapena matenda. Ma quinolones, kuphatikiza ofloxacin, amatha kupereka zotsatira zabodza pakutsimikiza kwa opiates mkodzo ndi makonzedwe a pakamwa a immunological agents.
Pakusowa kwa deta pazomwe zimayenderana ndi yankho limodzi ndi mayankho ena a kulowetsedwa kapena kukonzekera kwa Zanocin mwa njira yothetsera kulowetsedwa, kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito padera. Mankhwala amagwirizana ndi isotonic sodium chloride solution, yankho la ringer, glucose 5% kapena yankho la fructose.