Ndi mayeso ati a kapamba omwe amalankhula?

Trypsin ndi ntchito yake

Ma enzyme enzyme a Trypsin (trypsin) amathandizanso pakuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni okhala ndi zinthu zazing'ono. Pancreas imatulutsa enzymeyi mu mawonekedwe a trypsinogen, yomwe singagwire ntchito, ndipo pambuyo pake imasandulika kukhala trypsin pamene enzyme ina, enteropeptidase, ikuchita nawo mu duodenum.

Zolakwika zonse mu ntchito ya gland zitha kuonetsedwa ndi kusapezeka kwa trypsin mu ndowe. Izi, makamaka, zimachitika ndi cystic fibrosis ya England. Nawonso, izi kapena zina zamatumbo a pancreatic zimatha kukhazikikanso posankha kukhalapo kwa trypsin mu ndowe.

Mwambiri, kutsimikiza kwa ndowe mu michere kulibe vuto losazindikira, chifukwa mabakiteriya omwe ali mmenemo amatha kuwonetsa ntchito zambiri za enzymatic.

Zowonetsa kwambiri ndi maphunziro amkati mwazomwe zimapezeka ndizomwe zimachitika pompo, ngakhale kuchuluka kwa zosakaniza zingapo izi (bile, kapamba wa pancreatic, ndi zina) ndizosiyanasiyana. Maphunzirowa amachitika kuti adziwe ntchito za michere ingapo yomwe kapamba amapanga. Zina mwa izo ndi trypsin, komanso lipase, amylase, phospholipase A2, elastase.

Trypsin Stool Assays

Komabe, kutsimikiza kwa fecal trypsin kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pazofufuza zofunika. Makamaka, kuwunika kwapadera kwa cystic fibrosis kumakhazikitsidwa mosavuta ndi ntchito yotsika ya trypsin mu ndowe, ngakhale kupezeka kwa bronchopulmonary syndrome, milandu ya cystic fibrosis mwa abale (abale, koma osati mapasa), matenda am'matumbo ndi matenda a thukuta amapangidwanso ndi chithunzi chonse.

Kuti muwone ntchito ya stool trypsin, kuyesedwa kwa kanema wa X-ray kumachitika. Ngati kusefedwa kumadzichepetsera osakwana 1: 64 ndikuwonetsedwa mu filimu ya X-ray, ndiye kuti pakalibe kuwonongeka kwake, zochitika za fecal trypsin zimawerengedwa kuti zimachepetsedwa. Njirayi yatha kalekale, koma imagwiritsidwabe ntchito, ngakhale sizinachitike.

Zambiri zolondola zitha kupezeka ndi kuyesa kwa thukuta, pamene thukuta lamadzi thukuta limatsimikizika. Ngati kukwera kwamphamvu kwa thukuta la thukuta kumatsimikiziridwa katatu, ndiye kuti titha kunena bwinobwino kuti kuwunika kwa cystic fibrosis ndikodalirika.

Thukuta limalimbikitsidwa ndi electrophoresis ya pilocarpine mkati mwa mkono.

Mulingo wovomerezeka womwe umayesedwa pancreatic ntchito, iyi ndi SPT - secretin-pancreosimine test. Ma bicarbonate ndi ma enzyme pano amatsimikizika pambuyo pa iv kutsata kwa secretin ndi kapamba komanso kukondoweza mwachindunji kwa kapamba. Matenda a gland amadziwika kuti ndi abwinobwino ngati trypsin imatsimikiziridwa osachepera 3 U / 30 min. Kuphatikiza apo, ma bicarbonates atsimikizika (pazipita osachepera 70 mmol / L), lipase> 65000, amylase> 12000 ndi steatorrhea apteke.net

Kafukufuku wa Laborator

Kuti mudziwe matenda omwe angachitike, amatenga magazi, ndowe, mkodzo kuti muunikidwe, mumayesa kupsinjika. Diagnostics imagwiritsanso ntchito ultrasound, computed tomography kapena maginito a resonance imaging.

Kuperewera kwa pocreatic pancreatic kumawonekera mu mtundu wa ndowe ndi kusasinthika kwake.

Kuperewera kwa lipase pa nthawi ya chimbudzi kumapangitsa kuti kuwala kwamafuta ndi chikasu.

Zotsatira za pulogalamu ya pancreatic pathologies ziphatikizira zotsalira zopanda chakudya: zoleorrhea (kukhalapo kwa minofu ya minofu), amilorrhea (mbewu zouma), sopo, mafuta acids. Kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni m'matumbo kumabweretsa fungo losasangalatsa, komanso kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - proteina, clostridia.

Kuperewera kwa pocreatic pancreatic kumawonekera mu mtundu wa ndowe ndi kusasinthika kwake.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikuwunika ndowe za elastase.

Magazi amaperekedwa kuti apange zamankhwala am'thupi ndi kuwunika kwamankhwala. Mwina kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera am'magazi (ma neutrophils) ndi chizindikiro cha kutupa. Chiwerengero cha maselo ofiira a m'magazi amachepetsa chifukwa cha magazi omwe amayamba chifukwa cha magazi. Kuwonjezeka kwa ESR ndi hematocrit ndi kutupa kumadziwika.

Ndi pancreatitis, yomwe imatsogolera mpikisano wa enzyme kupita ku duodenum, kuwonjezereka kwa ma enzyme otsatirawa akuti:

1. Zoyeserera.
2. Trypsin, elastase.
3. Lipases, phospholipases.

Mwinanso kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, chifukwa pali kusokonezeka komwe kumagwira maselo omwe amapangitsa kuti insulini ipangidwe.

Magazi amaperekedwa kuti apange zamankhwala am'thupi ndi kuwunika kwamankhwala.

Kusanthula kwamkodzo kwamkati kukuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa amylase (diastase) yoposa 64 U / L pa ola limodzi. Ndi pancreatic necrosis, chiwerengerochi chimatsikira mpaka 10 U / L pa ola limodzi.

Kusanthula kumachitika chifukwa cha zomwe zimapezeka mu amino acid mkodzo - kuyesa kwa Lasus. Mlingo wa trypsinogen mu mkodzo umasonyezanso, kuwonetsa kupindika kwa kapamba ndi kapamba, chifuwa cha kapamba.

Kodi trypsin ndi chiyani?

Ili ndi dzina la enzyme yomwe imatenga gawo mwagaya zakudya zamaproteni zomwe zimachitika m'matumbo ang'ono. Kuphatikizika kwake kumachitika mu kapamba, munthawi yosakhazikika mu mawonekedwe a trypsinogen, pambuyo pake omwe amakhala m'matumbo, atawululidwa ndi michere ya enterokinase, imakonzedwa mu trypsin.

Kuzindikirika kwa trypsin mu ndowe mu mwana kumatsimikizira kapena kukana kukhalapo kwa osakwanira exocrine pancreatic maluso, limodzi ndi matenda kapamba, kapamba, cholelithiasis.

Kodi imagwira ntchito yanji?

Enzyme imakhudzidwa ndikuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni a peptones mu zinthu zazing'ono.

Pogwiritsa ntchito kapamba, enzymeyo imapangidwa kuti ikhale yopanda mphamvu, pomwe ma trypsin amapangidwa. Ngati sichinazindikiridwe ndowe, ndiye kuti matendawo akupezeka modabwitsa. Izi kapena zina zamatenda a pancreatic zimatha kukhazikika ngakhale trypsin ilipo mu ndowe.

Zothandiza kwambiri ndi maphunziro omwe amachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mafunso achilendo. Amachitika kuti azindikire ntchito ya michere ina yopangidwa ndi kapamba.

Kuphatikiza apo, trypsin ili ndi katundu wapadera:

• imasinthanso minofu itatha,
• amachepetsa kuopsa kwa kutupa,
• umagawanitsa minofu yakufa, kuletsa kulowerera kwa zinthu za necrosis m'magazi oyendetsera magazi ndi kuledzera kwa pambuyo pake,
• Imathandizira kuthetsa magazi,
• imathandizira njira yochotsa mafinya,
• zimapangitsa zinsinsi kukhala zochepa
• imathandizira thupi kuchira msanga ngati panali kutupa.

Kodi matendawa akuwonetsedwa liti?

Munthu aliyense amadutsa ndowe zoyeserera zasayansi kamodzi kamodzi moyo wawo wonse. Cholinga cha izi chikhoza kukhala madandaulo a anthu komanso kufunika koyezetsa matenda.

Kodi ndowe za trypsin ndi ziti? Kusanthula kotero kumachitika pamene:

• vuto la dyspeptic mu zotupa zam'munsi komanso zam'mimba zamatumbo,
• kukhumudwa msambo
• chisangalalo ndi kutupa,
• kudzimbidwa
• kutsegula m'mimba kwambiri
• belching ndi gag Reflex,
• Zizindikiro zopweteka pafupi ndi navel komanso colon.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndowe zimaperekedwa panthawi yoyesedwa pazochitika zotsatirazi:

• kukayendera kwakanthawi pa hotelo,
• mayeso apachaka a ana m'masukulu,
• mukamapanga zikalata zakuchipatala za boma,
• kuvomereza kulandira chithandizo cha sanatorium m'misasa yaumoyo ndi mabungwe ena, kutanthauza kuti

Zisonyezo zosonkhanitsa ndowe

Kuti tichite kusanthula koteroko, malamulo ena ayenera kutsatidwa kwa masiku angapo. Poyambira - chakudya. Thupi liyenera kulandira chakudya chomwe chili ndi mapuloteni ambiri, zakudya zamafuta ndi mafuta. M'pofunika kukana chakudya chomwe chingasinthe mthunzi wa ndowe, kuyambitsa kutsekula m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa, kuyambitsa chisokonezo:

• ma batini otentha
• beets
• zopangidwa mkaka,
• ndolo
• ma apricots, etc.

Zosankha zotsogola zamtundu wina zowonjezereka zomwe zingakhudze mwachindunji ntchito ya m'matumbo zimachitika masiku anayi chimbudzi chisanatengedwe kuti chiziunikidwa kapena kutachitika. Apa tikulankhula za irrigoscopy ndi gawo la barium mu koloni.

Mwa zina, ndikulimbikitsidwa, ngati pali mwayi wotero, kusiya kumwa mankhwala omwe amakhalabe mgulumo ndikuwonetsa kuyeserera kwa mayeso. Ngati sizotheka kutsatira malingaliro ngati amenewa, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala kuti mupeze yankho labwino.

Sizoletsedwa kumwa mankhwala omwe amakhala ndi kaboni, pilocarpine, bismuth.

Asanadutse mayesowo, enemas ndi rectal suppositories sanaikidwe, kuti asasinthe mawonekedwe a mucosa mu masecelesi osapanga zipatso zabodza.

Kuti mudziwe bwinobwino momwe ana amapangira trypsin mwa ana, mpanda woyenera uyenera kuchitidwa. kala. Ndondomeko iyi imatanthawuza malamulo ena:

• kupita kuchimbudzi ndikusoweka pang'ono kuyenera kukhala njira zaukhondo. Izi ndizofunikira kuti zotsalira za mkodzo sizitha kuzinthu zachilengedwe,
• matumbo amayendetsedwa ndi njira zaukhondo zochitidwa ndi nsalu yoyera ndi madzi owiritsa ofunda. Zopangira zamagetsi sizikugwira ntchito. Nthawi iliyonse, nsaluyo imatsukidwa ndi madzi oyera,
• Zosalala zosakonzedwa zomwe zimakonzedwa chisanachitike ndi madzi otentha - mphika, chotengera kapena mbale. Ndowa zomwe zalowa kuchimbudzi ndizosavomerezeka kuti ziziunikidwa chifukwa zimatha kuphatikiza microflora ya pathogenic yokhazikitsidwa ndi anthu ena amoyo. Ngati njira ina, imaloledwa kukoka chakudya chamafilimu kuchimbudzi, chomwe chimawerengedwa kuti ndi chotchipa
• akangochokapo, pafupifupi magalamu asanu a ndowe amatengedwa kuchokera pamphasa, ndikuikamo chidebe chofufuza, chomwe chivindikiro chake chimatsekedwa mwamphamvu,
• pa thanki yaumwini ya wodwalayo ndi nthawi yanthawi yopereka zolemba zotsimikizika zomwe zimasankhidwa kuti ziwonetsedwe zasayansi ikuwonetsedwa. Nthawi yosungidwa yosungidwa mufiriji sichidutsa maola asanu kapena asanu ndi limodzi.

Nchiyani chimapangitsa kuchepa kwa ntchito za trypsin?

Kodi trypsin amatanthauza chiyani mu ndowe mu mwana, tinazindikira. Kuzindikira kwa ma enzymes mu biomaterial, pakati pomwe akuphatikizidwa, masiku ano kumawoneka ngati chosowa, popeza kudutsa m'matumbo am'mimba omwe amatha kuwola ndikutengeka ndi makoma ake.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma enzyme otere amapangidwa ndi magawo osiyanasiyana am'mimba, omwe amasokoneza zotsatira zoyesa zomaliza. Koma, kuti adziwe momwe matendawa amagwirira ntchito pomwe sizingatheke kutenga zomwe zili m'matumbo, amatengera njira yodziwira trypsin mu ndowe.

Ngati trypsin ya mwana mu ndowe ili pansipa, izi zitha kutanthauza izi:

• chifuwa chachikulu,
• kukula kwa zotupa mu kapamba,
• michere ya fibrocystic.

Chifukwa chake, trypsin mu ndowe - ndi chiyani? Ichi ndi mtundu wa chizindikiro cha chizolowezi chogwirira ntchito cham'mimba, ndipo makamaka - kapamba wake. Chiyerekezo cha 1 mpaka 40 chimawerengedwa ngati mulingo wabwinobwino wa trypsin mu zinthu zachinsinsi. Zizindikiro zonse zoposa mtengo wake ndizabwinobwino.

Ngati mulingo wachepetsedwa, adokotala akuwonetsa zamatenda am'mimba mu kapamba.

Kuti muzindikire kuzindikira koyenera, kumayesedwa kwathunthu, komwe kumaphatikizapo diagnostics a ultrasound.

Trypsin Fecal Assay

Ntchito yofunikira kwambiri ya trypsin ndi proteinolysis, chifukwa chomwe kupukusa kwa polypeptides ndi mapuloteni mu amino acid kumachitika. Zili mwa kuchuluka kwa michere yothandizira.

Trypsin limodzi ndi lipase ndi amylase ndi michere yofunika kwambiri yomwe imapereka chimbudzi cha chakudya chapamwamba. Popanda chilichonse cha izo, chimbudzi chimawonedwa.

Trypsin ilinso ndi malo angapo:

• Zimathandizira kusinthika kwa minofu pakuwotcha
• Amachepetsa kuopsa kwa njira yotupa
• Imagawaniza minofu yakufa, potero kuletsa kulowa kwa mankhwala a necrosis mu kufalikira kwazinthu komanso kuledzera
• Imathandizira kuyambiranso magazi mwachangu
• Imathandizira njira yochotsa mafinya
• Zinsinsi zazikulu komanso zazikulu
• Imathandizira kuchira kwamthupi pamaso pa kutupa.

Zizindikiro za phunziroli

Chifukwa cha kusanthula, ndikotheka kuzindikira ma cystic fibrosis, kuwunika kapamba mu matenda amtundu wa khansa, mawonekedwe a kapamba, ndi zoopsa za kapamba, matenda ashuga, matenda a ndulu.

Phunziro limalimbikitsidwa pankhani ya kupweteka kwam'mimba komanso kusintha kwamatumbo. Muyeneranso kudziwa mulingo wa trypsin pochiza zakumwa zoledzeretsa, pamene wodwala akufuna kusankha.

Kuwunikaku kungalimbikitsidwe kwa ana, mutatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa trypsin mu ndowe mu mwana, ndizotheka kukhazikitsa chomwe chimayambitsa kusayenda kwamatumbo, kosamveka bwino.

Ntchito zoyesa

Mayeso otsatirawa amathandizira kudziwa magwiridwe antchito a kapamba:

1. Mayeso a Glucoamylasemic.
2. Kuyesa kwa Proserin.
3. Mayeso a Iodolipol.
4. Kuyesedwa kwa Secretin-pancreasimine.

Kuyesedwa kwa glucoamylasemic kumachitika motere: kudziwa kuchuluka kwa amylase m'magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu. Kenako perekani kuchuluka kwa glu gose. Pambuyo maola atatu, kuyezetsa magazi kwa amylase kumachitika - kawirikawiri mlingo umakwera mosaposa 25%. Ndi kutupa kwa kapamba, amakula kwambiri, 4-5. Ndi mawonekedwe a nosological monga glandular sclerosis, kuwonjezeka kwa amylase kumachitika pang'ono.

Proserine ndi cholinesterase inhibitor. Imalimbikitsa kutulutsa kwa ma enzymes ndi kapamba. Choyamba onani mtundu wa diastase mu mkodzo. Kenako mankhwala a Prozerin amaperekedwa. Hafu ya theka la ora lililonse amatengedwa kuti aunike zamankhwala osokoneza bongo. Nthawi zambiri, diastasis imakwera ndi nthawi 1.6-1.8, patatha maola awiri, mulingo wake umakhala wolimba. Mu matenda othandizira, amatha kuwonjezeka ndi katatu ndipo osachepera kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngati gland idadwala sclerosis, i.e., kulowetsa minofu yogwira ntchito yolumikizana, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa ma enzyme pafupifupi sikumachitika.

Kuyesa kwa Iodolipol kumakupatsani mwayi wofufuza zochitika za lipase. Pambuyo kukodza m'mawa, wodwalayo amamwa iodolipol. Kenako, ikatha ola limodzi, kenako theka la ola lililonse, mulingo wa ayodini mumkodzo umayang'aniridwa. Pambuyo pa ola limodzi, ayodini wotsala mkodzo amatsimikizika.

Kuyesedwa kwa secretin-pancreasimine kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku wapadera. Secretin, timadzi timene timapangitsa kuti michere ipangidwe, imabayidwa kudzera m'mitsempha. Kenako kusonkhanitsa kwa ma enzyme obisidwa ku lumen kwa duodenum kumachitika.

Kukonzekera kutumiza ndowe kuti muwoneke

Kwa masiku atatu kafukufukuyu asanachitike, ndikofunikira kumaliza kumwa mankhwala a enzymatic.

Muyenera kutolera ndowe pogwiritsa ntchito chidebe chosawoneka bwino chomwe chimakhala ndi supuni yapadera yopangira zinthu zachilengedwe ndi kaboo. Chidebe sichikuyenera kudzazanso kuposa 1/3 ya voliyumu yake.

Pokola zofunikira, ndikofunikira kupatula kulowa mkodzo ndi zofunsa kuchokera kumaliseche mu chidebe. Zinthu zomwe zatoleredwa zimayenera kuperekedwa ku labotale tsiku lomwelo. Chidebe chokhala ndi ndowe ziyenera kusungidwa pa kutentha kwa 4-8 C.

Ndi mtundu wochepetsedwa wa trypsin, munthu akhoza kuganiza kukhalapo kwa pathologies a kapamba. Pofuna kudziwa kuti matendawa akuwonetsa bwino, amafunika kudziwa komwe kumachitika pofufuza.

Kodi trypsin ndi chiani poyesa magazi ndi chopondapo?

Trypsin ndi puloteni ya puloteni yotchedwa proteinolytic (enzyme) yomwe imasungidwa ndi gawo la pancreas.Poyamba, wotsogolera wake wosagwirizana, trypsinogen, amapangidwa.

Imalowa mu duodenum 12, ndipo imayambitsa ntchito chifukwa cha enzyme ina, enterokinase, pa iyo.

Kapangidwe ka mankhwala a trypsin amadziwika kuti ndi mapuloteni. Pochita, umapezeka kuchokera ku ng'ombe.

Ntchito Zamagetsi

Ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya trypsin ndi proteinolysis, i.e. kugawaniza kwa mapuloteni ndi ma polypeptides m'magawo ang'onoang'ono - amino acid. Ndizothandiza kwambiri.

Mwanjira ina, iye trypsin amaphwanya mapuloteni. Ma enymes ena a pancreatic amadziwikanso - lipase, yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi chimbudzi cha mafuta, ndi alpha-amylase, yomwe imaphwanya chakudya. Amylase sikuti ndi encyme ya pancreatic yokha, imapangidwanso m'matumbo a salivary, koma ochepa.

Trypsin, amylase ndi lipase ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri m'mimba. Pakakhala osachepera amodzi a iwo, chimbudzi cha chakudya chimachepa kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza pa kutenga nawo gawo pakudya chimbudzi, trypsin enzyme imathandiza kwambiri pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana:

• amathandiza kuchepetsa kutupa mthupi,
• imathandizira machiritso a zilonda zamoto, mabala akulu,
• Kutha kugawanitsa minofu yakufa kuti zopangidwa ndi necrosis zisalowe m'magazi ndikupangitsa kuledzera.
• zimapangitsa kutulutsa kocheperako, kumayamwa kwambiri
• imathandizira zakumwa zamagazi,
• amathandizira pochiza matenda omwe ali ndi kutupa kwa fibrinous,
• Amachotsa kuchotsedwa kwa mafuta onyenga,
• Amakhala ndi vuto lalikulu la zilonda zamkamwa,

Pokhala kuti ndiopanda ntchito, phata ili ndi lotetezeka konse.

Zizindikiro ndi contraindication

Popeza trypsin ili ndi katundu wotero wochiritsa, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala.

Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mankhwala aliwonse, kugwiritsa ntchito trypsin kumakhala ndi zomwe amakuwonetsa.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amaphatikiza trypsin, malangizo a dokotala ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa amayenera kuonedwa mosamala.

1. Amorphous - itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha (pamalo ocheperako pakhungu).
2. Crystalline - imabwera mumtundu wa ufa-wachikaso ufa, wopanda fungo labwino. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwanuko komanso kwa makulidwe a mnofu.

Trypsin imapezeka m'mazina osiyanasiyana: "Pax-trypsin", "Terridekase", "Ribonuclease", "Asperase", "Lizoamidase", "Dalcex", "Profesim", "Irukson". Zokonzekera zonse ziyenera kusungidwa pamalo owuma, amdima pamtunda wosaposa madigiri khumi.

Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi:

• matenda a m'mapapo ndi ma airways (bronchitis, chibayo, exudative pleurisy),
• matenda a bronchiectatic (kupezeka kwa zowonjezera pachimake mu bronchi),
• kachilombo koyaka ndi zilonda zam'mimba zotulutsira,
• kutupa kwamkati kwa khutu lapakati (otitis media),
• purulent kutupa kwa kutsogolo ndi maxillary sinuses,
• kufooka kwa mafupa (osteomyelitis),
• matenda a periodontal
• kufalikira kwa ngalande yopanda pake,
• kutupa kwa Iris
• zironda
• mavuto pambuyo opaleshoni ya maso.

Zoyipa zotsutsana ndi trypsin ndi:

1. Thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi trypsin.
2. Kuchulukitsa kwa mapapu, kapena emphysema.
3. Kuperewera kwa mtima.
4. Kusintha kwa Dystrophic ndi kutupa mu chiwindi.
5. Chifuwa chachikulu
6. Matenda a impso.
7. Pancreatitis ndi yogwira.
8. Kuphwanya munjira yazakudya ndi zoyipa.
9. Njira zotupa mu impso (yade).
10. Hemorrhagic diathesis.

Kodi zotsatila zake zingakhale ndi chiyani mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito trypsin?

• chifuwa
• kukomoka mtima,
• redness ndi kupweteka pambuyo mu mnofu
• hyperthermia.

Kuphatikiza apo, kutha kwa mawu a wodwala kumawonekeranso.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri pochiza mabala owuma kapena mabala omwe ali ndi minofu yakufa, ma trypsin omwe adayikidwa mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusungunula 50 mg ya kukonzekera kwa enzyme mu 50 mg ya saline yamoyo (sodium chloride, kapena 0,9% saline).

Nthawi zambiri gwiritsani ntchito kupukuta kwapadera kwamitundu itatu.

Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito compress, imakhazikika ndi bandeji ndikusiya maola makumi awiri ndi anayi.

Intramuscular management 5 mg ya trypsin imasungunuka mu 1-2 ml ya saline, lidocaine kapena novocaine. Akuluakulu, jakisoni amapangidwa kawiri pa tsiku, kwa ana - kamodzi.

Ntchito zamkati. Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwalawa, simungakhale mu malo omwewo kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzimitsa chinsinsi. Nthawi zambiri, patatha masiku awiri, chinsinsi ichi chimatuluka kudzera mu ngalande.

Kugwiritsa ntchito pakhungu. Kuyeserera kwa Trypsin kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito inhaler kapena bronchoscope. Pambuyo pa njirayi, ndibwino kutsuka mphuno kapena pakamwa panu ndi madzi ofunda (kutengera momwe machitidwewo adachitikira).

Mwanjira yamaso akutsikira. Afunika kuti azikhodomoka maola 6 kapena atatu aliwonse kwa masiku atatu.

Zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito trypsin:

1. Trypsin amaletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mabala otulutsa magazi.
2. Sangagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchiza khansa, makamaka ndi zilonda zam'mimba.
3. Osati kutumikiridwa kudzera m'mitseko.
4. Pochitira ana aang'ono, njira inayake imakonzedwa.
5. Amayi oyembekezera kapena oyembekezera amayenera kumwa mankhwalawa pokhapokha ngati chiwopsezo cha imfayo kapena imfa ya fetal ndiyofunika kwambiri.

Pharmacokinetics, i.e. kufalitsa mankhwala m'thupi sikunaphunzirepo. Zimadziwika kuti galu amalowa m'thupi, trypsin imamangiriza kwa alpha-macroglobulins ndi alpha-1-antitrypsin (inhibitor yake).

Ndemanga za Mankhwala

Pakadali pano, pali ndemanga zabwino zambiri zokhudzana ndi mankhwala okhala ndi trypsin. Makamaka osiyanasiyana ake ntchito mu ophthalmology. Ndi iyo, kutaya magazi, ma adhesions, kutupa ndi ma dystrophic machitidwe a Iris amathandizidwa, chifukwa ma pathologies omwe amapezeka pakalibe chithandizo chokwanira angayambitse khungu losasintha. Ndiwothandiza kwambiri kuphatikiza mankhwalawa pokonzekera enzyme ndimankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa, maantibayotiki, mahomoni, mankhwala a glaucoma, omwe amathandizira kwambiri kuwonjezeka kwa minofu.

Trypsin anathandizira kuchepetsa njira yophatikizira matenda ogwirizana, monga nyamakazi, polyarthritis, arthrosis, ndi matenda amitsempha. Amathandizanso kupweteka, kupondereza kutupa, kubwezeretsa kusuntha kwathunthu.

Ndi kuvulala kwambiri, kudula kwakuya, kuwotcha, enzyme imalola, osachepera, kuchepetsa thanzi la wozunzidwayo, ndikuthandizira kuchira.

Mtengo wamba wa kukonzekera kwa trypsin ku Russia umachokera ku ruble 500.

Trypsin pakuwunika

Mwazi, trypsin yotchedwa "immunoreactive" imatsimikizika pamodzi ndi chinthu chomwe chimachepetsa ntchito yake - alpha-1-antitrypsin. Mlingo wa trypsin ndi 1-4 μmol / ml.min. Kukula kwake kumawonedwa pakukula kwa kapamba, mapangidwe a uncological mmenemo, ndi cystic fibrosis, kulephera kwa impso, komanso kungayende limodzi ndi matenda a virus. Kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa enzyme kumatha kuwonetsa mtundu wa 1 shuga mellitus, kapena matenda omwe ali pamwambapa, koma mwa mitundu yayikulu komanso pambuyo pake.

Kuphatikiza pa kuyezetsa magazi, odwala nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa pulogalamu. Phunziroli lisanachitike, maanti atatu osavomerezeka samalimbikitsidwa masiku atatu. Mukamveketsa trypsin mu ndowe sizingaonekere. Izi nthawi zambiri chimakhala chisonyezo cha njira ya cystic fibrous mu kapamba. Kutsika kowopsa kumawonedwa ndi cystic fibrosis, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti matendawa atsimikiziridwa, ndipo kafukufuku owonjezera amafunikira kuti afotokozere. Pakadali pano, akukhulupirira kuti kutsimikiza kwa ntchito ya trypsin mu ndowe sizikuwonetsa chilichonse.

Zambiri mwachidule za trypsin ndi ma enzyme ena zimaperekedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.

Sonyezani shuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda kuti muyiyikire.

Zonyansa zamtundu wa trypsin

Kudzimbidwa kwa chakudya kumayambira kale pamkamwa, pomwe imaphwanyidwa ndikusungunuka ndi malovu mpaka misa yokhazikika itapangidwa. Chakudya chosasankhidwa bwino chitha kuchotsedwa m'thupi m'njira yosinthika pang'ono, zomwe zingayambitse kuphwanya kwa michere. Kuphatikiza apo, chakudya chosakwanira pansi chimayambitsa kuchuluka kwam'mimba, komwe kumatha kuyambitsa kutsekula m'mimba komanso kukulira kwa endo native alimentary dystrophy.

Saliva ndi wopanda khungu, pang'ono opalescent, pang'ono zamchere anachita madzi. Muli ndimadzi amchere amchere osiyanasiyana, zinthu zina zopangidwa ndi michere, ptyalin (amylase) ndi maltose ochepa

Amylase agawa chakudya chowuma kukhala erythro- ndi achrodextrins, omwe amasintha (mothandizidwa ndi enzyme yomweyo) kukhala maltose disaccharide, yomwe imasweka chifukwa cha puloteni ya maltose kukhala glucose. Zochita za amylase zimapitilirabe m'mimba mpaka chakudya chikhala ndi zinthu zofunikira za m'mimba. Pambuyo pa mphindi 20-30 pambuyo kumiza chakudya m'mimba, zochita za ptyalin m'malo ac acid zimatha. Pofika nthawi imeneyi, wowuma amakhala atasinthidwa kwathunthu kukhala dextrins ndi maltose.

M'mimba, chakudya chimapitilizidwa kukonzanso kachulukidwe ka michere ya madzi am'mimba.

Hydrochloric acid wa chapamimba madzi amasintha colloidal mkhola mapuloteni ndi chomera CHIKWANGWANI, kuwakonzekeretsa chimbudzi china. Chifukwa cha izi, fibrin, collagen ndi minofu yolumikizana imakumbwa mothandizidwa ndi pepsin. Zingwe zam'mimba zimatulutsidwa m'mimba kuchokera ku minofu yolumikizana ndi sarcolemma, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mawonekedwe osunthika kenako osasunthika amasokonekera poyamba, ndipo m'mphepete mwa mafayilo azunguliridwa. Mwanjira imeneyi, mafupa ambiri a minofu amalowa mu duodenum.

Mothandizidwa ndi hydrochloric acid am'mimba, fiber yomwe imapanga membrane wa maselo a chomera amatupa ndi ma macerates.

Kutalika kwa chimbudzi m'mimba kumatengera kuchuluka ndi chakudya. Zakudya zamafuta ambiri zimaloŵa m'matumbo mwachangu, zakudya zama protein, pang'onopang'ono, ndi zakudya zamafuta zimakhala m'mimba nthawi yayitali.

Chakudya chamkaka, chomwe chimakhala ndi lactose, chomwe chimakulitsa peristalsis, chimadutsa m'mimba chimbudzi mwachangu kwambiri. Madzimadzi amatha kulowa m'matumbo kuchokera m'mimba, ndipo ofunda amatha mofulumira kuposa ozizira. Pafupifupi, chakudya chimakhala m'mimba kuyambira maola 1.5 mpaka 5, ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu - mpaka maola 6-8.

Mu duodenum, chakudya chimagonjetsedwa ndi michere ya kapamba ndi matumbo ndimatumbo a bile. Ma enzyme omwe ali mchinsinsi cha duodenum amatha kuphwanya zakudya zosiyanasiyana ngakhale sanakonzekere mokwanira kugaya pamigawo yam'mbuyo (pamlomo wamkati ndi m'mimba). Chifukwa chake, kutembenuka kwa michere mu duodenum ndikofunikira kuti chimbudzi chikhale ndi mayamwidwe.

Trypsin ya pancreatic madzi amatha kugaya minofu minofu, ndipo amachepetsa mphamvu ya collagen ndi minofu yolimba yolumikizana (tendons, ligaments, cartilage, etc.). Alpha-chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase, A- ndi B-elastase akuphatikizidwa ndi hydrolysis ya mapuloteni kupita ku amino acid omwe amamwetsa.

Lipase pamaso pa bile acids imaphwanya triglycerides (mafuta osalowerera) kukhala glycerin ndi mafuta acid (palmitic, oleic, stearic). Mafuta acid mu alkaline sing'anga wa zomwe zili mkati mwa duodenum, motsogozedwa ndi bile acids, amasinthidwa makamaka kukhala sopo wosasunthika, womwe umasungunuka ndikufinya. Mothandizidwa ndi pancreatic madzi amylase, ma polysaccharides ndi hydrolyzed kuti apange maltose.

Kuyamwa kumapangitsanso zochitika za amylase, trypsin, ndipo makamaka lipase (nthawi 15-20) yamadzimadzi a pancreatic. Kuphatikiza apo, bile limapereka mapangidwe olimba a emulsions, omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale milingo yambiri. Ma acile acid amalimbikitsa kusungunuka kwa mafuta acids komanso kuyamwa kwa zinthu zomwe zimapezeka m'mafuta. Bile imalepheretsa pepsin ya madzi a m'mimba, ndipo palimodzi ndi timinyewa ta m'mimba komanso m'matumbo amatulutsira chakudya cha acid chyme kuchokera m'mimba, ndipo izi zimalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa trypsin mothandizidwa ndi pepsin.

Katulutsidwe wa mucosa wamatumbo nthawi ya chimbudzi kumatenga maola 8. Imodzi mwa michere yayikulu yamatumbo am'mimba ndi peptidases, yomwe imaphwanya polypeptides ndi peptones mu amino acid. Ma enzyme amenewa amaphatikiza zotsalira za leucine aminopeptidase, zomwe zimachotsa zotsalira za Nh3-terminal amino acid. Chifukwa chake, m'matumbo, mapuloteni ndi hydrolyzed kwathunthu kuti amasule ma amino acid, omwe amatha kulowa mosavuta. Madzi am'matumbo amakhalanso ndi ma nucleases omwe amawononga ma nucleic ndi polynucleic acid:

• β-fructofuranosidase (invertase, sucrose), yomwe imaphwanya β-D-fructofuranosides, kuphatikizapo sucrose, mu glucose ndi D-fructose,
• β-galactosidase (lactase), yomwe imagwetsa lactase mu glucose ndi galactose,
• Matumbo a m'matumbo, omwe amaphwanya maltose.

M'matumbo amadzimadzi muli lipase yambiri, komanso enterokinase - enzyme ya enzyme. Imatembenuza tulo tosakhazikika pancreatic enysme trypsinogen kukhala trypsin yogwira.

Chofunikira kwambiri pakukonza chimbudzi ndi ntchofu, yomwe ndi gawo lofunikira la madzi a m'mimba. Kutsatsa michere pamtunda, ntchofu zimalimbikitsa zochita zawo. Kupukusa m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono kumatenga maola 4-5. Panthawi imeneyi, michere yonse imaphwanyidwa kwathunthu ndi ma enzyme am'matumbo am'mimba ndipo zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira hydrolysis zimatenga pang'onopang'ono. Pang'onopang'ono, kunyowa kumachitika m'mimba, momwe timatha madzi, mowa, shuga ndi mchere wamchere.

M'malo mwa kusintha kwa matumbo aang'ono m'matumbo ndi minyewa yamkati, yomwe nthawi zonse imakhala yokhazikika. Kupuma kwake kwakanthawi kumathandizira kulowa kwa chyme m'magawo ang'onoang'ono m'matumbo, pomwe pakuyenda kwa chakudya amasakanikirana ndikupanga ndowe. Kubisala kwa colon mucosa kumakhala ndi peptidase, nuclease, amylase, β-fructofuranosidase (sucrose) maltase, β-galactosidase (lactase) ndi michere ina.

Kuyamwa kwa michere m'matumbo kumachitika pang'ono, ndipo m'mimba mwa distal imasowa kwathunthu. Mu cecum ndi gawo lomwe likukwera lomwe limadutsa, mpaka 90% yamadzi limalowa.

Zidutswa zopangidwa mwachilengedwe zimakhala ndi mbali kapena zamchere pang'ono, zimakhala ndi stercobilin (hydrobilirubin), minyewa yosinthika mwamphamvu, minyewa yazomera, sopo, kupezeka kwa mafuta osakanikirana. Palibe mafuta osagwirizana nawo. Kuphatikiza apo, ndowe zimakhala ndi dissol, phenol, indole, leucine, coproeterin (kuchokera ku cholesterol), mabeseni a purine (guanine, adenine, ndi zina), mchere wopanda mchere, calcium, magnesium ndi phosphate yachitsulo, komanso zinthu zina zam'matumbo mucosa (epithelium , mucin) ndi mabakiteriya, omwe mwa iwo ndi Escherichia coli ndi enterococcus.

Ndowa

Kuwerengera ndowe kumakhala kofunika kwambiri kuchita mutatha kudya mayeso a wodwala asanapatsidwe. Zakudya zodziwika bwino ndi Schmidt ndi Pevzner.

Zakudya za Schmidt: 1-1,5 mkaka, mazira awiri-owiritsa, 125 g owiritsa nyama yokazinga, 200-250 g wa mbatata yosenda, msuzi wa mucous (40 g wa oatmeal), 100 g wa mikate yoyera kapena masamba. 50 g mafuta. Mtengo wamagetsi - 10467 kJ. Ndi chimbudzi chabwinobwino, zotsalira za zolembedwazo sizipezeka.

Zakudya za Pevzner: 400 g mkate, 200 g wakuda pa iwo, 250 g nyama yokazinga, 100 g batala, 40 g shuga, Buckwheat ndi mpunga wa mpunga, mbatata yokazinga, kaloti, letesi, sauerkraut, zipatso zowuma zambiri, maapulo atsopano. Mtengo wamagetsi - 13607 kJ.

Zakudya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse zimasankhidwa poganizira momwe ziwalo zomwe zigawo zimagwirira ntchito ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhazikika. Zakudya za Pevzner zimapereka katundu wambiri pazakudya zamagetsi ndipo chifukwa chake zimathandiza kudziwa kugaya chakudya ngakhale pang'ono. Zakudya za Schmidt - osasamala, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zomwe zakudya za Pevzner zimakwiyitsa kwambiri. Munthawi yomweyo ndi chakudya, wodwalayo amapatsidwa chilichonse chosiyana ndi utoto (carbolene, carmine) ndipo amayang'aniridwa kuti akuwoneka ngati ndowe.

Tizinyalala tiziunjikiridwa mu mbale zoyera, makamaka galasi, kapenanso magalasi opopera. Ndizosavomerezeka kutumiza ndowe kuti zifufuzidwe m'mabokosi amachesi ndi makatoni, chifukwa pamenepa madzi amachokera mu ndowezo ndikupita papepala, komanso kusasinthika kwake kumasintha. Ndikofunikira kuti muphunzire ndowe pasanadutse maola 8-12 kuchokera pakudzipatula, chifukwa cha mphamvu ya kusintha kwa tizilombo ndi ma enzymes zimatha kukhalamo. Ndikofunika kupenda ndowe zomwe zimapezeka chifukwa chodzipukuta, popanda zosafunika (mkodzo, barium chloride, mafuta, madzi pambuyo pa enema, etc.). Tinthu timayikidwa m'nyumba yopanda fiyumu kapena chipinda chotsegukira bwino, kuti chikhale chokonzekera kufufuza.

Tizilombo timayesedwa ngati microscopically, microscopically, chemicals ndi bacteriologic.

Zizindikiro za Cop program

Mwa ana ndi akulu, pophunzira ndowe, zikutsimikizira izi:

• ulusi wamisempha - zotsalira za chakudya,
• minofu yolumikizidwa - chinthu chomwe nyama idachokera,
• mafuta osagwirizana - zotsalira zamafuta okhala ndi mafuta,
• mafuta acids - zinthu zomwe zimapanga chimbudzi cha mafuta azakudya,
• CHIKWANGWANI chomeramo - chimbudzi ndi ma cell omwe amatha kuzimiririka maselo azomera
• wowuma - wopezeka muzakudya za chomera, koma nthawi zambiri wosweka ndi michere ya pancreatic,
• matumbo epithelial (kumtunda) maselo ndi ntchofu yotulutsidwa ndi tiziwalo timene timatulutsa khoma lamatumbo nthawi yotupa,
• maselo oyera am'magazi - maselo amthupi omwe amadziunjikira pakulimbana,
• maselo ofiira am'magazi - maselo akuluakulu amwazi,
• sterkobilin - chida chophatikizika chomaliza cha bilirubin chomwe chimalowa mu lumen ya m'matumbo ndi bile, imakhala ndi mtundu wa bulauni, womwe umatsimikizira mtundu wa ndowe,
• bilirubin - chinthu chopangidwa m'chiwindi ndipo chimatuluka kudzera m'mimba kudzera m'mimba,
• maluwa a iodophilic - tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timene timakhala ndi utoto wapadera ndipo timayambitsa kupindika m'matumbo,
• protozoa, bowa, mazira a mphutsi - Zizindikiro za kachilombo ka majeremusi.

Zizindikiro zachilendo zamakompyuta mwa ana ndi akulu

Pakuchulukitsa kwanu kwa zizindikiro zamankhwala, zikhalidwe zimakhala motere:

• sterkobilin 200 - 600 mg / tsiku (malinga ndi Adler) kapena 30 - 100 mg / tsiku (malinga ndi Terven),
• chiŵerengero cha urobilin ndi sterkobilin (Adler coeffanele) kuyambira 1:10 mpaka 1:30,
• nitrogen yonse 2 - 2,5 n / tsiku,
• sucrose - mpaka 300 U / g,
• trypsin - mpaka 670 U / g,
• lipase - mpaka 200 U / g,
• amylase - mpaka 600 U / g,
• enterokinase - mpaka 20 U / g,
• zamchere phosphatase - mpaka 150 U / g,
• trypsin 80 - 742 g / tsiku,
• chymotrypsin 75 - 839 g / tsiku.

Kupatuka pa chizolowezi

Asanapite kukaphunzira za michere ya microscopic ndi biochemical, othandizira ma labotale adziwe mawonekedwe ake ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito.

• Kupondanso kochulukirapo ndi chizindikiro cha kudzimbidwa, ndipo madzi ndi chizindikiro cha kutupa ndi kutsekula m'mimba.
• Ndi osakwanira pancreatic ntchito mu ndowe pali mafuta ambiri osakwaniritsidwa, motero amakhala mafuta.
• Madzi opaka m'matumbo amadzimadzi ndi chizindikiro cha kukomoka kwa dyspepsia.
• Ngati zida za pulogalamuyi ndi zazing'ono zowongoka - izi ndizotchedwa ndowe. Amawonedwa pa kusala, spastic colitis, hemorrhoids.
• Ndibwino kuti mukukhala tepi kapena chingwe chachitali nthawi zambiri chimakhala chizindikiro cha chotupa.
• Pomaliza, chimbudzi chotayirira chimapezeka m'matenda opatsirana.

Kusintha kwamitundu ya ndowe kumatha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya kapena mankhwala ena (mwachitsanzo, beets). Ndalama zobiriwira zobiriwira mwana wakhanda pazakudya zochita kupanga ndizobwinobwino zimachitika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osakaniza omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, makamaka, zomwe zimakhala zachitsulo momwemo.

Nthawi zina, amakhala ngati ziwonetsero zamatenda kapena zakudya zamagulu:

• chosungunuka:
• chakuda: magazi ochokera m'mimba kapena matumbo aang'ono, kumwa mankhwala opatsirana a bismuth,
• chikasu: dyspepsia yovunda
• red brown: kaphatikizidwe wamagazi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito koko,
• khungu lakuda: kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi chitsulo,
• zobiriwira: Zakudya zopangidwa ndi mbewu, peristalsis yolimbikitsidwa,
• chikasu cha lalanje: chakudya chamkaka.

Panthawi yamavuto am'mimba, kupatuka mu zotsatira zazing'ono zamapulogalamu ndizotheka:

• Creatrhea: mawonekedwe a minofu. Amawonedwa ndi kuchepetsedwa katulutsidwe wa chapamimba madzi, chifuwa chachikulu, enteritis, colitis, kudzimbidwa, komanso njira kuvunda ndi nayonso mphamvu matumbo.
• Lembani I steatorrhea: kuwoneka mu chopondera mafuta osafunikira. Imachitika ndi osakwanira ntchito kapamba (kapamba, mwala kapena chotupa cha pancreatic duct kapena sphincter wa Oddi).
• Type II steatorrhea: kuwoneka kwamafuta acid ndi sopo, mwina ndi gallbladder dyskinesia ndi enteritis.
• Mtundu wachitatu wa steatorrhea amadziwika ndi maonekedwe a ndowe za mitundu yonse yapamwamba yamafuta. Amayamba mu cystic fibrosis, matenda a celiac, exudative enteropathy, lymphogranulomatosis, matenda a Addison. Awa ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe amafunika chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali.
• Amilorrhea: mawonekedwe a wowuma mu ndowe. Nthawi zambiri, amawonongeka kwathunthu ndi michere ya kumisala ndi kapamba. Amylorrhea amapezeka ndi kapamba, sialitis, mkhutu ntchito ya m'mimba laling'ono, mwachitsanzo, ndi m'mimba.
• Lientorrhea: kuwoneka mu chopondapo cha minofu yolumikizika. Amayamba ndi matenda am'mimba, kapamba, kutsekula m'mimba.
• Maselo oyera: kuchuluka kwa maselo amenewa kukuwonetsa kutupa kwamatumbo - enteritis kapena colitis, makamaka, yamtundu wa parasitic.
• Maselo ofiira a m'mimbamo amapezeka ndi zilonda zam'mimba, kukokoloka, kamwazi ndi salmonellosis, kuyankha kwabwino kwamatsenga magazi kungakhale chizindikiro choyamba chotupa choopsa kapena chifuwa cham'mimba. M'mayiko ambiri, kuwunika kumeneku kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi anthu onse azaka zopitilira 50. Komabe, kusowa kwa magazi sikumatengera nthawi zonse izi zowopsa.
• Mucus: ngati ndiwowonekera bwino, wandiweyani, wagona pamatope, ichi ndi chizindikiro cha colitis kapena kudzimbidwa. Miphika yamagazi imapezeka ndi zilonda zam'mimba, kamwazi, ndi khansa ya m'matumbo.
• pH: Kusunthira kumbali ya zamchere ndi chizindikiro cha kutukusira kwa chakudya cham'mimba, malo owopsa a zamchere ndi chiwonetsero cha njira yovunda. The pH imasunthira kumbali ya asidi pa chonde, mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha kupweteka kwa malabsorption (kuchepa kwa michere m'matumbo).
• Kukula kwa Adler kokwanira 1: 5 - 1: 1 - 3: 1 ndikotheka ndi hepatitis ndi matenda ena a chiwindi, ndikuchepa kwake kufika pa 1: 300 - 1: 1000 imawonedwa ndi hemolytic jaundice.
• Zomera za Iodophilic (mwachitsanzo, clostridia) zimayendera dysbiosis ndi njira yovunda m'matumbo.
• Bowa amapezeka mu candidiasis, protozoa mu kamwazi ndi zina zopunduka, mazira ndi mbali zina za thupi la mphutsi - mu matenda ofanananira.

Ma syndromes a Coprologic

Nthawi zambiri mumakina pamakhala kupatuka kwa zizindikiro zingapo nthawi imodzi. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kupatuka koteroko, komwe kumayambitsa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana ndipo kumatchedwa koprological syndromes. Kudziwona pakupanga pulogalamu yamatenda amtunduwu kumathandizira dokotala kuti adziwe zoyenera kudziwa.

1. Oral syndrome imalumikizidwa ndi matenda a mano, mano, gland. Chifukwa cha matendawa, munthu sangathe kutafuna chakudya, kuchisenda mosamala ndi malovu, ndipo sichingatengeke konse m'mimba. Microscopy imawulula mawonekedwe - zotsalira za zakudya zopanda chakudya.
2. Gastrogenic syndrome imalumikizidwa ndi matenda am'mimba ndi kapamba, makamaka atrophic gastritis ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha chifino chochepetsedwa. Mu Coprogram, kwambiri zamchere zamkati, creatorrhea, lientorea, mchere (oxalates) zimadziwika, kupezeka kwa tizilombo ndizotheka.
3. Pyloroduodenal syndrome imayamba ndi osakwanira m'mimba ndi duodenum, nthawi zambiri yokhala ndi dyskinesia. Amadziwika ndi creatorrhea, lientorrhea, pang'ono zamchere zimachitika.
4. Pancreatic insufficiency imayamba ndi chifuwa chachikulu, duodenitis, opisthorchiasis. Kupukusa kwa mafuta ndi mapuloteni kumasokonezedwa. Zotsatira zake, mtundu wachikasu imvi komanso ndowe zambiri zowonerera ndowe, ndikulemba mtundu wa steatorrhea, ndi creatorrhea zimadziwika mu pulogalamu.

Ndi matenda osakhazikika pakupanga bile ducts, dyskinesia, cholangitis, cholecystitis, gallstone, osakwanira bile imatulutsidwa m'matumbo ofunikira kuti chimbudzi cha mafuta. Pakuwunika kwa ndowe, mtundu II steatorrhea umadziwika. Bilirubin yemwe ali ndi bile simalowa m'matumbo lumen, satembenukira ku sterkobilin ndipo sataya ndowe. Pankhaniyi, ndowe zimakhala zopanda imvi. Kusintha komweku kumachitika ndikulakwitsa kwa chiwindi chifukwa hepatitis.

Mu matenda am'mimba owopsa, matumbo ochepa amakhala ndi vuto, ndipo enteric syndrome imatsimikiziridwa mu pulogalamu. Amadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa epithelium, mapuloteni, mtundu II steatorrhea. Nthambiyo ndimadzuwa, yachikaso, yopanda zodetsa zina.

Ngati matenda opatsirana amakhudza kusintha kwamatumbo ang'ono kupita ku intestine yayikulu ndikuyamba kuperewera, mu pulogalamuyo amatsimikiza lintorrhea, amilorrhea, maselo oyera amwazi, maselo ofiira amwazi, iodophilic maluwa. Zidimbwazo ndi zamadzimadzi, zotupa, zonunkhira wowawasa komanso kusakaniza kwa ntchofu.

Mbali yayikulu ya m'matako ikakhudzidwa, distal-colitic syndrome imayamba. Amapezeka m'mwazi, salmonellosis, mabakiteriya ena kapena protozoal matumbo. Kuchuluka kwa ndowe ndizochepa kwambiri ("rectal spit"), ndimadzimadzi, okhala ndi ntchofu.

Dokotala uti kuti mulumikizane

Kuti mupeze kuwunika koyamba, muyenera kulumikizana ndi katswiri kapena gastroenterologist. Pochita, apulogalamu kapena zowunikira payokha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madokotala a opaleshoni, a oncologist, rheumatologists ndi madokotala a akatswiri ena ambiri. Ngati masinthidwe apezeka mukuwunika ndowe, kuwunika kowonjezereka kumayikidwa - ultrasound, njira za endoscopic, tomography ndi ena.

Dokotala wa ana E.O. Komarovsky amalankhula za kusanthula ndowe mu ana (onani kuchokera 1: 20 min.):

Mukafuna kusanthula

Osachepera kamodzi m'moyo wawo amapatsa ndowe zowunikira. Zomwe zimayambitsa zingakhale kudandaula kwa odwala komanso kufunikira koyezetsa kuchipatala.

Facks amasiya pamaso pa vuto la dyspeptic panthawi yogonjetsedwa kwam'munsi komanso kumtunda kwam'mimba:

• yaitali nseru
• chisangalalo
• ukufalikira
• kudzimbidwa
• kutsekula m'mimba
• belching ndi kusanza
• kupweteka mchombo ndi m'matumbo.

Kuti mupimidwe pafupipafupi, ndikofunikira kudutsa ndowe ndi:

• khazikika mokhalamo kwakanthawi mu hotelo,
• chaka chilichonse, kuyang'anira ana kusukulu,
• kulembetsa satifiketi yoyenera ya boma,
• kuvomerezedwa ku sanatorium, ndende ya ana yosangalatsa ndi malo ena, kuphatikiza zochitika za kubanjana.

Kukonzekera kwa kusanthula

Masiku angapo asanafike mayeso, muyenera kukonzekera. Izi zimatengera kutsatira zakudya komanso kugula chidebe choyenera.

Kwa masiku angapo (masiku 3-4), ndikofunikira kusamalira zakudya zanu. Thupi limayenera kulandira chakudya chokhacho chokhala ndi protein, mafuta ndi chakudya.

Ndikofunika kupewa kudya zakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kuti khungu lisinthe ndowe, kufinya kapena kutsekula m'mimba:

• kuphika kwamoto
• beets
• kefir
• mkaka
• chimanga
• hering'i
• plums ndi ma apricots ndi ena.

Ngati kuyesedwa kwa chopondapo kuti mupeze magazi obisika, ndiye kuti chakudyacho sichiyenera kukhala:

• Mitima
• chiwindi
• kalulu
• ng'ombe
• ubongo
• zotupa
• makutu
• mapapu
• chilankhulo
• nkhumba, mwanawankhosa, nkhuku.

Njira zina zowonjezera zomwe zimakhudza matumbo akulu ziyenera kuchitika masiku 4 asanafike mayeso, kapena atangomaliza kumene. Izi zikugwira ntchito kwa irrigoscopy ndi kudutsa kwa barium m'matumbo akulu.

Ngati ndi kotheka, siyani kukonzekera, zotsalira zomwe zimatsalira mu ndowe ndikusintha zomwe zili zotsalazo. Ngati kuleka kwawo ndikosatheka, muyenera kufunsa dokotala ndipo musankhe bwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe ali ndi zotsatirazi ndizotsutsana:

Ndizosatheka kuchita kukhazikitsidwa kwa enemas ndi rectal suppositories musanawunike, chifukwa izi zimakhudza zomwe zili mucous mu ndulu ndipo zitha kupereka zotsatira zabodza kapena zokayikitsa.

Njira Yakusonkhanitsa Fecal

Njira yachindunji yopezera ndowe zimafunikanso kutsatira malamulo ena.

Pitani kuchimbudzi "pang'onopang'ono" komwe mumafunikira musanagonjetse ziwalo zakunja. Popeza tinthu tating'onoting'ono timalowa mkatikati, ndipo kapangidwe kazinthu kameneka kamadzutsa mafunso kuchokera kwa othandizira a labotale komanso adokotala.

Pamaso podzikuza, ndikofunikira kuchita ukhondo paziwalo zamkati ndi perineum. Zaukhondo zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito ziguduli zonyowa komanso madzi otentha owiritsa popanda zowonjezera zamankhwala.

Sambani kutsogolo kuchokera ku labia kupita ku anus. Nthawi iliyonse, nyowetsani nsalu ndikutsuka m'madzi oyera. Kuwongolera uku ndi chifukwa cha malamulo a aseptic-antiseptic. Popeza kuyeretsa kulikonse kumachitika kuchokera kumalo oyera kuyeretsa kuti zovalazi ziziteteza kuti pakhale zina.

Konzani chakudya chabwino choyera, musanachichiritse ndi madzi otentha. Ikhoza kukhala chotengera, mbale, mphika. Ngati palibe njira yotere, ndiye kuti simungathe kutenga chopondapo chanu kuchimbudzi. Popeza pali maluwa ake okhala, okhala kwa anthu onse okhala mnyumbayo.

Njira ina ikhoza kukhala kanema wololedwa. Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga Ndizoyipa zamtundu uliwonse.

Mukatha kudzichepetsa ndi supuni yapadera yoperekedwa ndi botolo kuti mutenge ndowe, pezani magalamu asanu (pafupifupi supuni) ndi malo mkati. Tsekani chivundikiro mwamphamvu.

Pa chubu choyesa lembani dzina lanu lomaliza ndi oyambira, nthawi ndi tsiku losonkhanitsa. Tengani zomwe zalembedwazo mu labotale. Ngati zimadziwika kuti sizikugwira ntchito, nthawi yayitali ya alumali yonyowa yonyowa ndendende maola a6.

Nthawi yamagulu

Kufunika kwa mayendedwe a chopondapo sikuti nthawi zonse kumakhala kothandiza malinga ndi momwe thupi limawonera. Ngati mayi akuyamba kusamba, ndibwino kusiya ntchitoyo ndikusinthanitsa ndi tsiku lina mtsogolo.

Ngati kusintha kwa zinthu sikungatheke, ndiye kuti amapulumutsidwa ndi tampon. Atagwira chimbudzi cha genitalia yakunja ndi perineum, swab yoyera imayikidwa komwe akupita.

Amakhulupirira kuti musanatenge mayeso, simuyenera kutsuka mano usiku. Popeza tinthu tingalowe mu ndowe. Ena amati ndikofunikira kupatula ukhondo wapakamwa m'mawa, koma pankhaniyi, tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakhala kuti alibe nthawi yolowa m'matumbo komanso kulowa m'matumbo akulu.

Njira zina zowonjezera zomwe zimathandizira kuyenda kwamatumbo. Enema ndi rectal suppositories amangopeka zotsatirapo zake. Kusuntha kwamatumbo kuyenera kuchitidwa mwaokha popanda thandizo lowonjezera.

Kusanthula ndowe za nyongolotsi kumafunikira kuchuluka kwakukulu pakufufuza. Chifukwa chake, supuni kuchokera pachidebe imatha kuyikidwa mkati mwa magawo awiri. Ngati chopondacho chadzipereka kuti chidziwitse kapena kupatula giardia, njirayi imabwerezedwa katatu. Iyenera kukonzekera bwino.

Mpando wa chopondapo mwa mwana si wosiyana ndi munthu wamkulu. Ngati ndi wakhanda kapena khanda, ndiye kuti muyenera kutsatira nthawi yayitali bwanji.

Monga mwa akulu, nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika nthawi imodzi. Chifukwa chake, mwana asanayimbidwe, ayenera kuvala chovala choyera. Komanso, njirayi ndiyofanana ndi zomwe tafotokozazi.

Ngati mwana apita kuchimbudzi madzulo, ndipo ndowe siziperekedwa ku tizirombo toyambitsa matenda, ndiye kuti zomwe zili m'botolo lotsekedwa mwamphamvu zitha kusungidwa mufiriji kwa tsiku limodzi.

Kuyeserera kwa magazi kwamatsenga a Fecal

Maphunziro amtunduwu athandizira kuzindikira kupezeka kwa magazi m'mimba. Ngati magazi akuwoneka kwambiri ndi maliseche (melena ndi ndowe zakuda, kusasinthaku kumafanana ndi phula - kutuluka kwa magazi kuchokera m'mimba ndi kum'mero, magazi osasinthika osatulutsa magazi kuchokera kumunsi kotsikira kwamatumbo - matumbo), ndiye kuti kuponyera kwakanthawi kochepa kumatha kuwonekera kokha mu labotale.

Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira zake zimakhala zoipa. Enzyme yapadera imakhudzana ndi kukhalapo kwa zigawo za magazi mu ndowe, kotero, chitsulo chaulere, chifukwa chake, kusunga kwa zakudya pamwambali kumalimbikitsidwa.

Cop program

Kafukufuku kapena kusanthula kwathunthu kwa ndowe ndizowerengeka kwambiri pazinthu izi, popeza wothandizira zasayansi amafotokoza zodetsa zilizonse zomwe zimapezeka pansi pa ma microscope komanso zowoneka. Kusanthula koteroko kumathandizira kuzindikira matenda ambiri am'mimba.

Zotsatira za Coprogram zikuphatikiza:

• bile bile
• ulusi wamisempha
• kukhuthala
• CHIKWANGWANI cholimba
• mafuta achilendo ndi mafuta acid,
• zosokoneza zina: ntchofu, magazi ndi mafinya,
• tinthu tating'onoting'ono chakudya - detritus,
• ma cell a magazi: maselo ofiira a m'magazi.

Onaninso za mtundu, kapangidwe ndi kupezeka kwa zotsalira za chakudya chosasankhidwa.

Zotsatira

Kuyesedwa kwa kapamba kumaphatikizapo kudziwa kuchuluka kwa calcium (kumachepetsa), kutsimikiza kwa immunoreactive trypsin, trypsin inhibitor m'magazi.

ESR muyezo: 6-12 mwa amuna, 8-15 mwa akazi. Mu chifuwa chachikulu cha pancreatitis, chimatuluka. Kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a plasma okwanira komanso okhala ndi chitsulo - transerrin, ferritin - amachepetsedwa. Nthawi zambiri, mapuloteni onse ndi 64-84 g / l. Ndi kutupa, C-protein yokhayo yomwe imatuluka.

Zizindikiro zowongolera khansa yapakhungu - CA 19-9, antigen wa carcino-embryonic. Pamaso pazochita zoyipa, mtengo wa CA 19-9 ndiwopamwamba kuposa 34 U / l, carcinoembryonic antigen ndi oposa 3.75 ng / l, mwa omwe amasuta amakhala oposa 5.45 ng / l. Potsimikizira, njira zina zodziwira matenda zimafunikira - MRI.

Kusintha kwadzaza, kufooka kwa ziwalo, kuchuluka kwa michere kumachepa.

Mosiyana ndi pancreatitis pachimake, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulin chifukwa cha kufa kwa maselo ndi kulowetsa minofu ina yolumikizira, palibe kuchuluka kwa trypsin, amylase m'magazi panthawi yoyesa ntchito. Komabe, mu kafukufuku wazakudya zamtunduwu zomwe zimapezekanso zakudya zimapezeka, kuchuluka kwa fecal elastase kumachepetsedwa.

Ndi kusanthula kwabwino, kuchuluka kwa ma enzymes m'magazi ndi motere: lipase - 14-60 IU / l, amylase okwanira - 29-100 U / l, pancreatic amylase - mpaka 53 U / l, trypsin - mpaka 60 μg / l.

Momwe mungatolere ndowe kuti muzipenda

Pafupifupi pafupifupi kusanthula konse, ndowe zimasonkhanitsidwa mwanjira yomweyo (ndizokonzanso pang'ono pofufuza kwina).

Zidutswa zimaphatikizidwa mumtsuko wowuma bwino wagalasi wokhala ndi chivindikiro kapena chidebe chapadera kuchokera ku mankhwala. Ngati munagula chidebe chofufuzira kuti mupeze mankhwala, ili ndi supuni yapulasitiki yapadera yosonkhetsa zinthu.

Zimbimbazo amazisonkhanitsa pamphika, kuchokera pa diaper kapena diaper, ndikangolowa matumbo. Akuluakulu ochokera pachiwiya kapena chimbudzi mosamala.

Kuti mupeze kusanthula, mumafunikira ndowe zochepa - supuni 1-2.

Ndikofunika kutenga ndowe zam'mawa kuti zikuwunikeni. Koma ngati izi sizingatheke. Mutha kusakaniza ndowe madzulo ndikuisunga mumtsuko wosindikizidwa bwino kapena chidebe kwa nthawi yotalikirapo maola khumi ndi awiri ali pafiriji.

Malinga ndi pulogalamu yomwe mutha kuyesa

• Pamaso pa bile pigment mu ndowe. Stercobilin ayenera kupezeka nthawi zonse.
• Momwe ntchito zogaya zogaya zimayendera bwino ndi kuchuluka kwa mitanda kutsogolo kwa ulusi wa minofu, kukhuthala, mafuta osalowerera, mafuta acids, ndi mafinya opukusidwa. Mafuta ochulukirapo omwe amayang'anizana ndi mayina aliwonse, ndiye kuti chakudya chimakudya kwambiri.
• Ngati pali zotupa m'matumbo kapena ayi.Kupezeka kwa zodetsa zam'mimba mu ndowe: ntchofu, magazi, mafinya, ndikuwonetsa kutupa: akuwonetsa ndi ma pluses, ngati alipo. Nthawi zambiri, iwo sakhala mu ndowe.
  Kukhalapo pakupenda ndowe zaunyinji wa leukocytes (nthawi zambiri amakhala osakwatiwa)
  Kukhalapo pakupenda ndowe - maselo ofiira amwazi. Zabwinobwino - kulibe.
  Mimba epithelium - siyenera kukhala yabwinobwino.
• Kaya kapena pali tiziromboti ndi mazira m'matumbo, nthawi zambiri sipayenera kukhala chimodzi kapena chimzake mu ndowe.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kusokoneza pulogalamu: kukonzekera kwa enzyme ndi maantibayotiki. Dokotala yemwe akuwunikiratu kusanthula kwake kenako ndikuwunika zotsatira zake ayenera kudziwa kuti mukumwa mankhwalawa. Sikuti nthawi zonse kuletsa mankhwalawa kuti muyesedwe, nthawi zina muyenera kuwunika momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira malinga ndi zotsatira za kusanthula ndowe. Simuyenera kuimitsa mankhwalawo musanayambe kuwunikira, muyenera kufunsa dokotala za izi.

Kusanthula nthawi zambiri kumakhala kukonzekera tsiku lotsatira.

Kusanthula ndowe kuti zitheke microflora

Imawululira microflora, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatha kukhala m'matumbo, koma nthawi zina imachulukana kwambiri ndikuyambitsa kusaya bwino m'matumbo, kutsekula m'mimba, kudzimbidwa, zotupa, etc.

Kuwunika kwa ndowe zogwiritsira ntchito microflora yochita mwayi kumatengedwa ndikukonzedwa chimodzimodzi pakupenda ndowe za dysbiosis. Zotsatira zake zakonzeka m'masiku asanu ndi awiri mpaka asanu ndi atatu.

Izi ndizachidziwitso chonse cha kuwunikira. Ndikukufunirani thanzi labwino!