Zotsatira zoyenera kudikira wodwala atachotsa kapamba

Zochizira kapamba, wodziwika ndi mitundu yotupa komanso yotupa, komanso mapangidwe a cysts ndi benign kapena chotupa chovuta, njira yolowerera yochita opaleshoni imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Opaleshoni imatha kugawidwa pokhapokha ngati njira yaying'ono yotupa iyamba m'gululi.

Chiyembekezochi chimakondweretsa odwala onse omwe ali ndi vuto lililonse la pancreatic. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chidwi ndi akatswiri amomwe amachotsera zikondamoyo ndi moyo atamuchita opaleshoni. Izi zodandaulitsa pazomwe akuneneratu za kulowererapo kwakubwera sizimakhala zopanda maziko, popeza kusapezeka kwa gawo ili, lomwe limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakudya m'mimba, kumakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa. Kuti mumvetsetse ngati ndizotheka kuchotsa kapamba popanda zovuta zapadera kwa wodwalayo, komanso zomwe wothandizidwayo angayembekezere pambuyo pake, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa luso la opaleshoniyo, komanso zotsatira zake.

Ntchito ya pancreatic

Ntchito yayikulu ya kapamba ndikupanga ma enzyme kuti zitsimikizire momwe magayidwe amagwirira ntchito. Ndizomwe zimakhudza kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni, zakudya zamafuta ndi mafuta, komanso kapangidwe ka chakudya chotchedwa lump, chomwe chimadutsa motsatira kugaya chakudya. Popanda kuchitapo kanthu kwa gland iyi, njira yolandirira chakudya, komanso kagayidwe kachakudya imakhala yovuta.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa ziwalo zimatha kukhala zizolowezi zoipa, mowa, zakudya zamafuta kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, matenda ofala kwambiri, kapamba, amatha. Popanda kutupa, neoplasms ndi cysts, dziko lokhazikika limatha kupezeka ndikuwona zakudya zapadera. Nthawi zina, kuchitapo kanthu kwa opaleshoni kumafunika.

Komabe, akatswiri enieniwo amalimbikitsa njira yothandizira mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri. Kupatula apo, kapamba ndi chiwalo chachifundo kwambiri ndipo ndizovuta kudziwa zolondola za opereshoni. Ngakhale opareshoniyo itachita bwino, ndiye kuti izi sizitanthauza kuti chiwalocho chizibwerezedwa kawirikawiri. Kutupa kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kupweteka kwam'mimba kwa kapamba kumatha kusintha kukhala khansa ya chiwalo.

Pancreatectomy - njira yochotsera kapamba

Pancreatectomy ndiye njira yayikulu yochitira opaleshoni matenda a kapamba. Pogwira ntchito iyi, kapamba kapena gawo lina limachotsedwa. Nthawi zina, ndi pancreatectomy, ziwalo zomwe zili pafupi nazo zimachotsedwa:

ndulu
chikhodzodzo
kumtunda kwa m'mimba.

Ntchito yochotsa kapamba ili motere. Dotolo amatsegula m'mimba m'matumbo. Kutengera ndi kuopsa kwa matendawa, gawo limodzi la kapamba kapena chiwalo chonse, komanso ziwalo zina zowonongeka ndi matendawa, zimachotsedwa. Kenako, kuyikika kwake kumakulungidwa ndi kukhazikika ndi mabatani apadera.

Nthawi ya opaleshoni ndi pambuyo pa opaleshoni, pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta. Izi sizongokhudza zotupa ndi matenda zomwe zingatheke, komanso kugwira ntchito kwina kwa thupi.

Mpaka posachedwapa, anthu ankakhulupirira kuti munthu sangakhale ndi moyo popanda chamba, koma lero zabwino zake ndi zabwino. Pakadali pano, munthu atha kukhala popanda chiwalocho, ndipo zotsatira zake siziwopa,, muyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa zomwe adotolo amatenga ndikumwa mankhwala omwe amakhala ndi mahomoni omwe amalowa m'malo mwa ma enzymes opangidwa ndi kapamba, ndi mapiritsi apadera a pancreatic pancreatitis.

Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kupezeka kwa zovuta pambuyo pakuchita opareshoni

onenepa kwambiri
zaka odwala
kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi
kusuta ndi kumwa mowa
mavuto ndi mtima dongosolo.

Njira yokonzanso pambuyo pancreatectomy

Ngakhale pakalibe zovuta, njira yokonzanso pambuyo pochotsa zikondamoyo imatenga nthawi yayitali, koma matendawo ndi abwino. Pambuyo pa opareshoni, zakudya zolimba zimayikidwa, kumwa mankhwala ambiri ndi jakisoni wa insulin.

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali kubwezeretsa thupi. Wodwalayo azunzidwa ndimva kupweteka kwakanthawi. Komabe, amatha kuchepetsedwa pomwa mankhwala a ululu. Chofunika kwambiri kwa wodwala ndicho kuthandizidwa ndi abale ndi abwenzi.

Zakudya atachotsa kapamba

Popewa zovuta pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni, wodwalayo adamulamula kuti azidya zakudya zowonjezera. M'masiku oyamba atachitidwa opaleshoni, wodwalayo ayenera kufa ndi njala. Amaloledwa kumwa pafupifupi malita 1.5 amadzi oyera, osakhala ndi kaboni patsiku. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa madzi uyenera kugawidwa m'magawo angapo ndikuwamwa pang'ono.

Masiku angapo pambuyo pake, tiyi wopanda mafuta ndi ma omeleette oyera amiyawo amaloledwa kudya. Mutha kudya buckwheat kapena phala la mpunga wophika m'madzi kapena mkaka wopanda mafuta.

Pakatha sabata, mkate wochepa, tchizi chamafuta ochepa ndi batala zimatha kuwonjezeredwa pachakudya. Supu yophika masamba, makamaka kabichi, ingakhale yothandiza. Musanagwiritse ntchito, zosakaniza zonse za msuzi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino.

Komanso, nsomba zamafuta ochepa ndi nyama zimayambitsidwa pang'onopang'ono m'zakudya za wodwalayo. Pokonzekera mbale, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti amafunika kuphika okha akuwotcha kapena kuwotcha nyama yophika.

Njira yayikulu yazakudya atachotsa kapamba ndizapamwamba kwambiri m'mapulogalamu komanso kusowa kwathunthu kwamafuta ndi chakudya. Muyenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mchere, osapitirira magalamu 10 patsiku, ndikusiya kugwiritsa ntchito shuga. Mulimonsemo, wodwalayo ayenera kudziwa momwe angadye ndi pancreatic pancreatitis.

Zakudya zonse za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kugawidwa m'magawo a 5-6. Mautumiki azikhala ochepa. Muyenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito pang'onopang'ono, kutafuna bwino. Chakudya chizikhala ndi mavitamini ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kutenga mavitamini ndi michere m'mapiritsi. Makamaka chidwi ndi madzi amthupi. Madzi a tsiku ndi tsiku atatha opaleshoni ayenera kukhala 1.5-2 malita.

Kuchotsa kapamba, kusuta ndi kumwa mowa kuyenera kusiyidwa kwathunthu. Komanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mbatata, shuga, ufa, zakumwa zozizilitsa khofi ndi khofi wamphamvu. Sizikulimbikitsidwa kudya zakudya zamafuta, zosenda komanso zosuta.

Chifukwa chake, kadyedwe koyenera wodwalayo akuyenera kuwoneka motere:

chakudya chomwe chili ndi protein yambiri,
chakudya chopanda shuga komanso mchere wochepa pang'ono,
zonunkhira mu chakudya zizikhala palibe,
zopangidwa ndi mkaka wotsika kwambiri, ma compotes osakhudzidwa, timadziti zachilengedwe, ziyenera kupezeka mu chakudya
nyama ndi nsomba ndizomwe zimayambira pakudya,
zipatso zosatsika
supu zamasamba zabwino ndi masamba osenda,
ma cookie owuma ndi mkate wa dzulo.

Kuphatikiza pazakudya zoyenera komanso kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, kupsinjika kulikonse kuyenera kupewedwa, chifukwa kuchotsedwa kwazinthu kumalimbikitsa kwambiri thupi.

Zaka makumi angapo zapitazo, dokotala aliyense, poyankha funso loti ngati zingatheke kukhala ndi moyo popanda chamba, munthu akhoza kunena kuti: “Ayi!” Koma masiku ano zatsimikiziridwa kuti moyo wopanda chiwalo chofunikira choterechi ndiwotheka ngati simukuyiwala kudya kwambiri, kutsatira malangizo onse a dokotala, kumwa mankhwala apadera ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.

Kodi ndikufunika kuchotsa ziphuphu?

Ngati pali mwayi ngakhale pang'ono kwambiri wopanda kuchita pancreatectomy, ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito. Komabe, pakalibe zotsatira zabwino kuchokera ku chithandizo chokhazikika, amapita kukachitidwa opaleshoni.

Mutha kuchotsa kapamba kapena gawo lake ngati muli ndi zotsatirazi:

Acute pancreatitis, yodziwika ndi kusowa kwamphamvu mkati mwa maola 24 ndikuvuta ndi minofu necrosis.
Matenda a kapamba, osagwiritsidwa ntchito popita kuchipatala. Kusintha kwa kutukusira kwa ziwalo zapafupi, zomwe zimatsogolera pakuchepa kwa lumen ndi kufalikira kwa duodenum 12, bile duct, kukodola kwakukulu kwa kapamba ndi mitsempha yamagazi.
Mwala umodzi kapena zingapo zapancreatic.
Mapangidwe a cyst ndi kuchuluka kwake kukula, chiwopsezo cha kupasuka.
Zowonongeka zowopsa m'chigawo chachikulu cha chiwalo.
Chotupa chovunda kapena chotupa.
Kufalikira kwa malo obisalako ndi mwala womwe wagwa kuchokera ndulu.
Mapangidwe a fistulas chifukwa chotumphukira cha chotupa cham'mimba, pambuyo pa biopsy ndi zina zowukira pamalowo.
Mwala m'mizere ya kapamba, chifukwa cholumikizira komwe kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa matenda, minofu necrolithiasis imayamba.

Kuchotsa kapamba

Kodi zikondazo zimatha kuchotsedwa kwathunthu? Kutengera ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kufunika kwa pancreatectomy, kuchotsa kwathunthu chiwalo, komanso ziwalo zake - mutu, thupi kapena mchira, zachitika. Voliyumu ya resection yochitidwa imakhazikitsidwa panthawi ya opareshoni, chifukwa mfundo zonse sizingaganizidwe ngakhale mutayesedwa kwathunthu. Ngati chotupa chakula m'magulu oyandikana ndi ndulu (chikhodzodzo, ndulu, gawo lam'mimba, zilonda 12 zam'mimba, ndi zina zotere) kapena ngati chotupa chayamba kufalikira, ndiye kuti kuyenera kwawo kungakhale kofunikira.

Opaleshoni yochotsa kapamba ndiowopsa, chifukwa imatha kutsagana ndi zovuta. Ambiri omwe amatulutsa magazi kwambiri ndikuyambitsa matenda oyambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya.

Ngati chotupa ndi chomwe chidayambitsa opaleshoniyo, gawo la chiwalo chomwe limapangidwa komweko limachotsedwa. Nthawi zambiri, zimachitika m'mutu wa kapamba, koma nthawi zina zimachitika mchira. Ngati chotupa chafika pamlingo wokulirapo kapena mwakula ziwalo zapafupi, ndiye kuti kuchotsa chiwalo chonsecho ndikofunikira.

Kuyambitsanso mchira wa pancreatic kumakhala ndi maulosi abwino kwambiri. Pogwira opaleshoni, pancreatectomy ya distal imachitika, zomwe sizimayambitsa matenda a shuga komanso sizimayambitsa kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya.

Kuchotsa kwa pancreatic cyst kumachitika pang'onopang'ono kukula kwake kuposa masentimita 6. Pakapanda njira yotupa yomwe yazungulira, kuzungulira kwa laparoscopic kwa cyst kungachitike. Nthawi zina, ndikofunikira kuchita opaleshoni yam'mimba, maluso ake omwe amatengera kukula kwake ndi malo. Pamene chimbudzi cha kapamba chatsekedwa, cystoenterostomy imapangidwa, pomwe anastomosis yokhala ndi m'mimba yaying'ono imapangidwa kuti itulutse zomwe zili mu cyst. Kulowetsa njira yovomerezeka ya bile kumakhudzanso kutsegula kwa mapangidwe ndikupereka kwa cyst ndi transpapillary, pancreatic, kapena transduodenal drainage. Ndi zazikulu zazing'ono komanso makoma opangidwa bwino, ma cyst amachotsedwa limodzi ndi kapisozi.

M'magawo oyamba a matendawa, miyala mu kapamba imatha kuthandizidwa mosamala kapena kudzera mwa laser. Komabe, pakukula kwawo kwakukulu ndi kutsekeka kwathunthu kwa gawo, gawo la chiwalo chomwe adalowetsedwa limachotsedwa. Kuperekanso chithandizo kumathandizira kupewa kukonzanso calculi.

Chovuta chambiri komanso chofala kwambiri pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni ya kapamba chimatulutsa magazi kwambiri, chifukwa chiwalochi chimakhala ndi magazi ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kukulitsa kwa peritonitis, aimpso-hepatic insuffence, kuchulukitsa kwa shuga mellitus, etc.

Moyo atachotsedwa kapamba

Ngati kapamba achotsedwa, wodwalayo amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yobwezeretsa. Kodi ndingakhale bwanji nditachotsa kapamba? Wodwala ayenera kutsatira zakudya, kumwa ma enzyme ndi insulin.

Pogwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwa enzyme, ndizotheka kuonetsetsa kuti chakudya chimayikiridwa bwino ndipo thupi silimva kuperewera. Mlingo wofunikira wa wothandizira aliyense amasankhidwa payekhapayekha, poganizira kuchuluka kwa ziwalo komanso kuthekera kosungika kopanga ma enzyme. Dokotala atha kukulembera kukonzekera kwa enzyme imodzi kapena zingapo nthawi imodzi:

"Alfa-amylase" - yemwe amudya tikatha kudya, amathandiza kugaya chakudya,
"Creon", "Mezim", "Mikrasim" kapena mankhwala ena otengera pancreatin kusintha kugaya,
Vestal ndi mankhwala ovuta a enzyme omwe amathandizira kuwonongeka kwa zopangidwa ndi chakudya komanso chimbudzi chawo.

Ndalamazi ziyenera kumamwa pambuyo pa chakudya chilichonse komanso pachakudya.

Pambuyo pochotsa kapamba m'thupi la munthu pamakhala kusowa kwambiri kwa insulin. Chifukwa chake, kuti tipewe kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndikofunikira kumwa insulini. Mlingo wofunikira umasankhidwa kutengera mtundu wa glycemia. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti wodwalayo agule glucometer kuti athe kudziimira pawokha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikuchita mogwirizana ndi momwe alili. Insulin imangotengedwa ndi jakisoni.

Zakudya pambuyo opaleshoni

Zakudya pambuyo pancreatic opaleshoni zimagwira ntchito yofunika osati pakukonzanso wodwala, komanso mu moyo wake wonse wamtsogolo. Pakadutsa masiku awiri atatha kuyambiranso, wodwalayo ayenera kudya popanda kudya. Mutha kumwa madzi osakhala ndi kaboni kamodzi kokha. Masana, kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi oledzera sikuyenera kupitirira 1 lita.

Kwa masiku 3-4 atachitidwa opaleshoni, wodwalayo amatha kudya supu yaying'ono popanda mchere, omelet ya protein ndi tiyi wopanda mphamvu. Chakudya chizikhala ndi grated. Pang'onopang'ono, zakudya pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni zimakulirakulira ndipo zingaphatikizepo phala la buckwheat kapena phala la mpunga, mkate, tchizi, kanyumba, nsomba soufflé.

Mtsogolomo, chakudyacho chimayenera kusakhalapo zonunkhira, mafuta, mchere, mafuta otsekemera, mbale zosuta ndi zinthu zina zamafuta. Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri, ndipo mafuta ndi chakudya chamthupi ayenera kukhala ochepa momwe angathere. Kumwa mchere watsiku ndi tsiku sikuyenera kupitirira 8 g) Mowa ndi ndudu, zomwe zimakhudza kapamba, ndizoletsedwa.

Zizindikiro zakuchita opareshoni

Chikhansa ndichofunikira kwambiri komanso chamoyo chosagwirizana kwathunthu. Khalidwe lake pakuchita opareshoni nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta kulosera ngakhale akatswiri odziwa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, opaleshoni yochotsa kapamba ndi njira yovuta kwambiri. Izi zimagwira ngati chofunikira pancreatectomy, zimakhazikitsidwa pokhapokha ngati njira zina zochiritsira zilibe ntchito. Kutalikirana kwapakati (mawonekedwe a ambiri a chiwalo) akuwonetsedwa motere:

Ululu syndrome, ngakhale atakhala ndi mankhwala okwanira, akupita patsogolo.
Mapangidwe a miyala ya duct ya bile (miyala).
Wodwalayo amakhala ndi nthenda yodwalitsa. Zimakwiyitsidwa ndikutulutsa kwa biliary thirakiti. Zomwe zimatsogolera ku kusatheka kwa bile ndipo zimayenderera mu duodenum ndikusokoneza khungu mwa munthu wodwala.
Kuzindikira pancreatic cysts, zotupa kapena fistulas.
Zimapezeka pochotsa zitsanzo zamafuta a kapamba popanda chifukwa chotumizidwa ku histology. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale njira yoyenera kwambiri yothandizira odwala pogwiritsa ntchito zotsatira zomwe zapezeka.

Chifukwa chakuti opaleshoni yochotsa kanyumba sikuti ndi njira yovuta chabe, komanso ali ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu cha kufa, zimachitika kokha ndi akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito yawo.

The m'tsogolo pambuyo opaleshoni opaleshoni izi zimatengera mwachindunji zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa thanzi la munthu wothandizidwa, m'badwo wake, gawo la chitukuko cha matenda a matenda a mtima komanso nthawi yake yozindikira.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito

Kuchotsa kwa kapamba, monga tafotokozera kale, kukuwoneka ndi kusintha kwamomwe kumachitika ngati kubala kwa chosaopsa kapena kupweteka kwam'mimba, komanso mawonekedwe a ma cysts. Kuthandizira pakuchita opaleshoni pa chipangizochi kungagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati kwapezeka kuti mwayamba kupezeka mphamvu yotupa mkati mwake, kapena kupezeka kwa mphutsi zamatumbo zapezeka. Pakupanga opaleshoni thupi, opaleshoni yothandizirana ndi minofu (mankhwala omwe amachepetsa minyewa yamafinya) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira kupweteka. Mutha kuchotsa kapamba pogwiritsa ntchito njira iyi:

Kuwululidwa mwachindunji kwa kapamba.
Tulutsani thumba lofunikiralo m'magazi odziunjikira momwemo.
Kusunga mipata pamwamba pa chiwalo.
Kutsegula ndi kuvala hematomas.
Ndi kupindika kwakukulu kwa kapamba, ma suture amodzi amathandizidwa, komanso kusoka kwofanana kwa pancreatic duct.
Gawo lomaliza pa opareshoni ndi kutaya kwa chikwama chodzikongoletsera.

Zikachitika kuti kapamba akuwonongeka kwambiri, ndipo wodwalayo ali ndi zizindikiro zonse zamatenda amkati, opaleshoni iyenera kuchitidwa mwachangu, ndipo pazochitika zina zonse zomwe zimapangidwira opaleshoni yotsimikizika idalembedwa.

Nthawi zambiri, odwala amakonda kuthandizira madotolo ndi funso loti chithandizo chamankhwala othandizira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuchipatala. Izi, malinga ndi akatswiri, zimatengera chomwe ndendende chiwalo chonse, kapena gawo linalake, chimachotsedwa. Mlandu ukachotsedwa kwa mutu wa kapamba amafunikira, opareshoni yotchedwa pancreatoduodenal resection imachitidwa, ndipo pakuwonongeka kwa thupi la kapamba kapena gawo lake la caudal, ndiye kuti ndi gawo. Minofu yakufa imachotsedwa ndi necondolaomy, ndipo ngati ma cysts kapena zotupa zikapezeka, kukhetsa kumachitika.

Nthawi yogwira ntchito

Zotsatira ndi moyo pambuyo pochotsa zikondamoyo ndizosangalatsa kwa odwala onse omwe asintha mwa zomwe zimapezeka m'gululi. Kuneneratu, monga akatswiri ati, pantchitoyi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokhumudwitsa. Ndikovuta kwambiri kupanga iwo patsogolo. Popeza thupi ili ndilosadalirika kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, kuchotsedwa kwa kapamba kumawonetsa zovuta zotsatirazi:

pachimake postoperative pancreatitis wokhala ndi chithunzi cha pancreatic necrosis,
magazi akulu amkati
kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga
matenda a postoperative bala.

Koma ngakhale opaleshoniyo itakhala yaukhondo, popanda zovuta zilizonse, wodwalayo adzafunika nthawi yayitali yokonzanso. Kuti muchiritse bwino thupi pambuyo poti matumba achotsedwapo, muyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo onse omwe amapezeka ndi dokotala. Koma sikuti thupi lokhalanso ndi gawo lofunikira panthawi yobwezeretsa.

Nthawi yomweyo, malingaliro am'maganizo, komanso kuthandizira kwa okondedwa, kuthandiza odwala kuti apulumuke nthawi yovutayi ya thupi, ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Zizindikiro zakuchita opareshoni

Kanyama kapamba amatengedwa kuti ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri m'thupi la munthu. Amakhala ndi thupi, mutu ndi mchira, ndipo minofu yake imalumikizidwa ndi ziwiya zazing'ono komanso zowonda. Mthupi lathu, imagwira ntchito zambiri zazikulu - imayendetsa shuga m'magazi, imatulutsa ma enzyme ndi mahomoni, imaphwanya mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kuvulala kwam'mimba, kumwa mowa kwambiri ndi zina zomwe zimapangitsa, kugwira ntchito kwa gawo lofunikali kumatha kusokonezeka.

Zikondazo zikalephera, kutupa kumayamba m'misempha yake, yomwe imatchedwa pancreatitis, ndi njira zina zambiri zamatenda zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kuwoneka ngati chotupa cha chotupa kapena chotupa. Ndipo ngati pancreatitis ikhoza kuthandizidwa ndi njira zosasinthika, ndiye kuti 80% ya khansa yomwe imapangidwa pancreas imatha kuchiritsidwa kokha.

Kodi zikondazo zachotsedwa? Inde, ndi opareshoni yotchedwa pancreatectomy. Popeza kapamba ndi chiwalo chosalimba kwambiri chomwe chimapezeka pakatikati pamimba, pancreatectomy imawonedwa ngati ntchito yovuta komanso yosatetezeka.

Njira zam'mbuyo

Chifukwa chakuti kuchotsedwa kwa kapamba kumayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa metabolic kapena kukula kwa matenda a shuga, munthu ayenera kutsatira malamulo ena muzakudya ndi machitidwe kuti akhale ndi moyo popanda chofunikira ichi. Malangizo a madotolo, omwe cholinga chake ndi kuwonetsetsa kuti munthu yemwe akuchita opaleshoniyo akuchira mwamsanga ndipo abwerera ku moyo wambiri kapena wocheperako, akuchita izi mwamphamvu:

kukonza mosamalitsa zakudya,
kuwunikira mosalekeza mkhalidwe waumoyo, wophatikiza mayeso achizolowezi ndi mayeso odutsa,
kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa moyo wanga wonse, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kukonzekera kwa enzyme monga glucagon kapena insulin.

Zakudya zapadera komanso moyo wathanzi pambuyo pochita opaleshoni zimatengedwa ngati njira zazikulu zakuchira. Choyamba, kukana kwathunthu zosokoneza bongo monga kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa ndikofunikira. Ndikofunikanso kuwona malingaliro omwe adotolo adalandira pachakudya, chomwe chikufotokoza molondola zomwe zingatheke komanso zomwe sizingadye panthawi yayitali.

Kodi mungapewe bwanji kuchotsedwa kwa kapamba?

Popewa kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito kapamba, muyenera kutsatira njira yolondola, musamwe mowa ndi kusuta.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa kapamba nthawi zonse ndi cholinga chowateteza.

Kuyeretsa kapamba kumachitika limodzi ndi kusintha kwa chiwindi. Pachifukwa ichi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zomwe zingathandize kubwezeretsa maselo owonongeka, kuthetsa kutupa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti likuyenda bwino.

Ngati muli ndi mavuto azaumoyo, simuyenera kudzimvera chisoni, koma pezani thandizo kuchipatala. Pambuyo pakuwunikidwa kwathunthu, dokotala amatha kukhazikitsa dokotala ndikuwonetsa chithandizo chokwanira. Yambani kuchitira matenda aliwonse (makamaka chotupa cha pancreatic) mofulumira. Kuthekera kwa zotsatira zabwino kumadalira izi.

Kodi pancreatectomy imachitika bwanji?

Kuchotsa kapamba kumachitika kokha ndi laparotomy. Panthawi ya pancreatectomy, dokotalayo amadula m'mimba, kenako amachotsa chiwalo kapena mbali yake. Pafupifupi, opaleshoni imatha maola 5-6.

Panthawi ya pancreatectomy, kuyambiranso kwina kwa ziwalo zina zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi chotupacho. Mwachitsanzo, ziwalo zam'mimba ndi matumbo, ma lymph node, ndulu. Ndipo kupezeka kwa miyala mu ndulu kukhoza kukhala chisonyezo pakuwonekeranso kwa chimodzimodzi.

Pakati pa opaleshoni, magazi amkati amatha kuchitika ndipo zovuta zina zimatha, chifukwa chake ndizovuta kwambiri kulosera zotsatira za pancreatectomy pasadakhale. Madokotala amapereka chidziwitso chabwino kwambiri atachotsa mutu kapena mchira wa kapamba.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo komanso zotsatirapo zake

Kuchotsa kwathunthu ndi pang'ono kwa kanyumba ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri, yomwe nthawi zambiri imabweretsa zovuta. Ndipo sitikulankhula zongotulutsa magazi mkati kapena chizungulire pambuyo pa kamimba, komanso za zovuta zazikulu mthupi monga:

pachimake postoperative kapamba,
kulephera kwazungulira
kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha
zotupa zopatsirana
peritonitis
kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga
kulephera kwa chiwindi.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, kuwerengera kwamavuto kumawonjezeka chifukwa cha zinthu monga:

kuperewera kwa chakudya chamagulu mu ntchito
kukhalapo kwa zizolowezi zoyipa mwa wodwala, makamaka kusuta fodya,
matenda a mtima
onenepa kwambiri
ukalamba.

Zambiri mwazomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha thupi la munthu zimapangidwanso kwathunthu kwa kapamba, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda am'mimba, chiwindi, matumbo, chikhodzodzo ndi ziwalo zina zam'mimba. Zotsatira za opaleshoni, insulini imaleka kupangidwa mwa anthu, ma enzymes ofunikira kuti kugaya chakudya asiye kutulutsidwa, ndipo metabolism ya carbon imasokonekera.

Kukonzanso kwa Pancreatectomy

Odwala omwe achotsa kapamba kanyumba kapena kanyumba kofunikirako amafunikira chisamaliro chokwanira cha munthu aliyense. M'masiku oyambilira pambuyo pancreatectomy, odwala amawonetsedwa kuti apumule pakama - atakhala, kudzuka ndikuyenda ndizotheka kokha mwa chilolezo cha dokotala. Popeza onse am'mimba ndi suture pambuyo pa opaleshoni ndizopweteka kwambiri, mankhwala opweteka kwambiri amaperekedwa kwa munthuyo.

Kusagwirizana ndi kupuma pabedi pambuyo pancreatectomy kumatha kuyambitsa magazi mkati ndi kugundana kwa sutures.

Gawo lofunika pakukonzanso kusala kudya. Masiku atatu oyamba, wodwalayo amaloledwa kumwa madzi amchere okha osakhala ndi kaboni. Madzi a tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 1-1,5 malita, muyenera kumwa tsiku lonse.

Pakatha masiku atatu, tiyi, supu wosaphika wamasamba wopanda mafuta ndi mapuloteni omele ayenera kuyambitsidwa muzakudya za wodwalayo. Amaloledwanso kudya mbewu zosenda pamadzi.

Masiku 7-10 pambuyo pancreatectomy, menyu wodwala akhoza kukulitsidwa ndi zinthu monga:

batala
tchizi chamafuta ochepa
nyama zamafuta ochepa (nyama ya kalulu, nkhuku, nkhuku) ndi nsomba (nsomba, nsomba),
maapulo ophika osati mitundu wowawasa,
nyama zodulira masamba kuchokera ku zukini, kaloti, kolifulawa, mbatata,
msuzi wa rosehip, ma compotes, zakudya zopanda shuga,
mkate wa tirigu

Zakudya pambuyo pancreatectomy

Pambuyo pakuchotsa, wodwala amene wachotsa kapamba kapena ziwalo zake amapatsidwa zakudya zapadera - tebulo Na. 5. Chakudyachi chimapereka chakudya chokhwima, malingaliro ake ndi:

kukana kwathunthu kwamchere, mchere, zokometsera komanso zamafuta,
zakudya zazing'ono m'magawo ang'onoang'ono (nthawi zosachepera 5-6 patsiku,
kuphatikiza pa mndandanda wazinthu zofunikira,
kumwa kwambiri (1.5-2 malita a madzi patsiku),
kukana mowa kwathunthu.

Mndandanda wazinthu zoletsedwa ukuphatikizapo:

maswiti, makeke, mkate,
zonunkhira ndi zokometsera,
masamba ndi zipatso (radish, anyezi, kabichi, sipinachi, maapulo wowawasa, adyo),
chakudya chamzitini, soseji,
chakudya chofulumira komanso zakudya zosavuta,
nyama zamafuta ndi nsomba,
khofi ndi zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi
ankasuta nyama ndi zipatso.

Thandizo la pambuyo pa ntchito

Anthu omwe adachotsa mwachangu kapamba amafunikira zovuta za enzyme ndi insulin. Cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwala a enzyme ndikuthandizira thupi pakukula kwa michere kuti ikodze chakudya. Pachifukwa ichi, mankhwala omwe amakhala ndi pancreatin ndi omwe amapatsidwa. Mwachitsanzo, Mikrasim, Vestal, Creon. Mankhwalawa amathandiza kugaya chakudya, amachepetsa mseru komanso kusasangalala m'mimba ndipo alibe mavuto.

Ndi angati akukhala popanda kapamba?

Ngakhale pancreatectomy idachita bwino popanda zovuta, anthu ambiri amafunsa kuti mungakhale ndi moyo wautali bwanji popanda kapamba. Palibe yankho limodzi ku funso ili. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, moyo womwe munthu amakhala nawo atatha kuchotsa kwathunthu ndi zaka pafupifupi 5. Komabe, pali zochitika zina pomwe anthu amakhala mosangalala kwazaka makumi angapo popanda chiwalo chofunikira ichi.

Kutalikitsa moyo pambuyo pancreatectomy, ndikofunikira kuti musangokonzekera ndi kudya zakudya zoyenera, komanso kukayezetsa magazi pafupipafupi.

Zachidziwikire, kuchotsedwa kwa chiwalo chilichonse, makamaka kapamba, ndizovuta kwambiri kwa munthu. Koma moyo mutachotsa kapamba sichitha!

Zikondazo zimachita mbali yofunika kwambiri m'mimba, chifukwa zimabisalira michere yofunika kugaya chakudya. Ikapsa, ma enzyme ake amayamba kuwononga ndikuyigaya yokha, zinthu zofunikira kuchokera pachakudya zimaleka kulowa.

Kuphwanya mmenemo kumathandizanso kukulitsa shuga, chifukwa kupanga insulin kumadalira. Nthawi zambiri, ndi kutukusira kwa England, zakudya zimatha kugawidwa. Koma nthawi zina, adotolo amakupangira kuchotsedwa kwa kapamba. Kodi izi zimachitika liti, ndipo ndizotheka kukhala nazo?

Zizindikiro za opareshoni

Kuchotsa gland kumatha kukhala pang'ono komanso kokwanira. Chizindikiro chomaliza ndicho khansa. Opaleshoni yochotsa pang'ono ikhoza kugawidwa ndi milandu yotsatirayi:

kuvulala kwa gland
chitukuko chosayenera
kufa minofu
zotupa zamavuto osiyanasiyana,
cysts ndi fistulas
kukokoloka kwa chifuwa chachikulu, ngati mankhwala alephera,
magazi ochokera m'matumbo ake.

Kugwiritsa ntchito ndikukonzekera

Opaleshoni ikasonyezedwa khansa yachiwalo, nthawi zambiri imayambitsidwa ndi maphunziro a chemotherapy. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse chotupacho kukula. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyezetsa magazi, kuyezetsa magazi ndi ziwalo zake ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito. Sabata isanafike opaleshoni, ndizoletsedwa kutenga:

painkillers, antipyretic ndi anti-yotupa mankhwala a gulu la omwe si ma steroid,
mankhwala amene amachepetsa magazi,
Magazi ovala magazi.

Opaleshoniyo imatchedwa pancreatectomy, ndipo imachitidwa pansi pa opaleshoni yotupa. Ndi kuchotsa pang'ono, resection, nthawi zambiri, imayikidwa kumutu kapena mchira wa chiwalo. Pali zochitika pamene kuchitapo kanthu kwa opaleshoni kumafunika mu ziwalo zapafupi ndi kapamba.

Pakati pa opaleshoni, zovuta zimatha kutuluka magazi, kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zoyandikana ndi matenda. Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatira zoyipa za kugona zimatha kuchitika, kuphatikizapo kuchepa kwa kukakamiza kapena chizungulire.

Mavuto amatenga chidwi kwambiri ndi anthu omwe amasuta, kudya mosayenera, onenepa kwambiri, matenda amtima komanso ukalamba.

Zotsatira zakuchotsedwa kwa pancreatic

Ngati chitsulo chimachotsedwa pang'ono, ndiye kuti kubwezeretsako kudzakhala kosavuta kwambiri, chifukwa gawo lake latsalalo litha kugwira ntchito zina. Vutoli limakhala lovuta kwambiri pamene opareshoni idachitika kuti ichotse chitseko chonse.

Kuperewera kwa michere yokumba chakudya kumayenera kukhala kodzazidwa ndi mankhwala pamoyo wonse. Zikopa za ng'ombe kapena nkhumba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga. Imakonzedwa, youma komanso yokutidwa. Kuti mukhale ndi shuga wabwinobwino wamagazi, majakisoni a insulini ayenera kuperekedwa.

Kuchotsa kapamba kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zosiyanasiyana.Ngati m'mbuyomu, ntchito zoterezi zidamwalira patapita kanthawi kotsatira maphunzirowo, koma tsopano, chifukwa cha mankhwala, munthu atha kukhala moyo wokhazikika. Kuchepetsa kwambiri kapena kuchuluka kwa thupi, kutsekula m'mimba kumaonekera.

Wodwalayo amafunika kumuyesa pafupipafupi ndi dokotala kuti ngati vuto lakulowerera vutolo liyenera kusintha. Osuta adzayenera kuyiwala za chizolowezi chawo choyipa mpaka kalekale. Kuphatikiza apo, zochitika zovutitsa ziyenera kupewedwa osati kukhumudwa.

Thanzi pambuyo pancreatic kuchotsedwa

Mukachotsa chiwalo, muyenera kutsatira zakudya moyo wanu wonse. M'masiku atatu oyambirira atatha ntchito, kudya nkoletsedwa. Mutha kumwa madzi amchere opanda mpweya. Patsiku lachinayi, mutha kumwa tiyi wopanda kufooka wopanda ufa ndi wocheperako.

Kenako, pang'onopang'ono ndipo pang'onopang'ono mubweretseni msuzi wopanda mchere, amamu yotulutsa mapuloteni. Amaloledwa kudya phala kuchokera ku buckwheat kapena mpunga, wophika m'madzi ndi mkaka (olingana).

Kuyambira tsiku lachisanu ndi chimodzi mungathe kudya buledi ndi batala. Chofunika ndikuti mkate suyenera kukhala watsopano. Pakatha sabata, onjezani mafuta ochepa otsika tchizi, msuzi ndi masamba osenda, nsomba ndi nyama zopanda mafuta. Zakudya zamafuta ndi nsomba zizikhala momwe zimapangidwira souffles. Kuyambira pa tsiku lakhumi tsiku loukira limaloledwa.

kabichi (mwanjira iliyonse),
shuga
Katundu wophika kumene
kuphika,
zakumwa za khofi ndi tiyi wamphamvu,
zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi zopatsa mphamvu,
mafuta amitundu yam'madzi ndi nyama,
zonunkhira, zonunkhira, mchere, zokazinga ndi mafuta,
confectionery ndi chokoleti,
zipatso ndi masamba,
mkaka wabwino.

Zakudya zonse ziyenera kusambitsidwa. Siyenera kukhala yotentha kapena yozizira. Mapuloteni ochulukirapo komanso zakudya zamafuta pang'ono ndi mafuta ziyenera kukhalapo m'zakudya.

Muyenera kudya pang'ono 5-6 patsiku.

Chepetsa mchere wambiri mpaka magalamu 10 patsiku. Kukhazikika kwa mavitamini ndi mchere. Amaloledwa kumwa madzi mpaka malita awiri patsiku. Muyenera kumwa m'magawo ang'onoang'ono komanso kuwonda.

Ngakhale kuti pali zoletsa zazikulu za kudya komanso kufunikira kwa mankhwala amoyo wonse, kukhala ndi moyo wachimwemwe ndizotheka. Zoletsa pazogwiritsidwa ntchito zomwe sizigwiritsidwa ntchito sizisokoneza kupanga maphikidwe atsopano ndikusintha menyu. Ndipo mutha kuzolowera kumwa mankhwalawa.