Mafuta a Ciprofloxacin: malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito

Mu ophthalmology: matenda opatsirana komanso otupa a maso (pachimake ndi subacute conjunctivitis, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, bakiteriya chapamimba pachilonda, dacryocystitis, meibomite (balere), kuvulala kwamaso kapena kuvulala pakhungu matenda opatsirana opereshoni ya ophthalmic.

Mu otorhinolaryngology: otitis externa, mankhwala a postoperative matenda obwera.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito: Mlingo ndi njira ya chithandizo

Kwathu. Kwa matenda ofatsa komanso owopsa, madontho a 1-2 amathandizidwa ndikuthira gawo limodzi la maola anayi aliwonse, ndipo kwa matenda oopsa, 2 imagwera ola lililonse. Pambuyo pakukula, mlingo ndi pafupipafupi wa kukhazikitsa kumachepetsedwa.

Ngati zilonda zam'mimba za bakiteriya: 1 kapu iliyonse kwa mphindi 15 kwa maola 6, ndiye kapu imodzi iliyonse pakatha mphindi 30 nthawi yayitali, patsiku 2 - 1 kapu iliyonse pa maola ogalamuka, kuyambira masiku atatu mpaka 14 - 1 kapu iliyonse Maola 4 panthawi yakudzuka. Ngati 14 masiku a epithelization wa mankhwala sanachitike, chithandizo chitha kupitilizidwa.

Mafuta amaso amayikidwa kumbuyo kwa chikope cha m'maso.

Zotsatira za pharmacological

Wothandizila kwambiri ma antimicrobial wothandizila, yemwe amachokera ku fluoroquinolone, amalepheretsa bakiteriya DNA gyrase (topoisomerases II ndi IV, amene amachititsa kuti michere ya DNA ya chromosomal iziyenda ndi nyukiliya ya RNA, yomwe ndi yofunika kuti iwerenge zambiri), imasokoneza kapangidwe ka DNA, kukula kwa mabakiteriya ndi magawikidwe, ndipo zimayambitsa kutanthauzira kwa morphological. Zosintha (kuphatikiza khoma la cell ndi ma membrane) ndi kufa mwachangu kwa bakiteriya.

Imagwira mabakiteriya pazinthu zopanda pake pa nthawi yopuma komanso magawidwe (chifukwa samangokhala ndi gyrase ya DNA yokha, komanso imayambitsa kuyang'anitsitsa kwa khoma la cell), komanso ma grorgan-virus oyenera pokhapokha panthawi yogawa.

Kuchepetsa kochepa m'maselo a macroorganism amafotokozedwa ndi kusowa kwa DNA gyrase mwa iwo. Mukumwa mankhwala amprofloxacin, palibe chitukuko chofanana ndi kukana ma actibiotic ena omwe siali a gulu la gyrase inhibitors, omwe amathandiza kwambiri motsutsana ndi mabakiteriya omwe amalimbana, mwachitsanzo, aminoglycosides, penicillin, cephalosporins, tetracyclines ndi ma antibayotiki ena ambiri.

Mabakiteriya osokoneza a gram-negative aerobic amatha kupezeka ndi ciprofloxacin: enterobacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Citrobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp. , Morganella morganii, Vibrio spp., Yersinia spp.), Mabakiteriya ena opanda gramu (Haemophilus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Moraxella catarrhalis, Aeromonas spp., Pasteurella multocida, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Campyunlobacterium. Legionella pneumophila, Brucella spp., Chlamydia trachomatis, Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium chifuwa chachikulu, Mycobacterium kansasii, Corynebacterium diphtheriae,

Bakiteriya wa aerobic wabwino kwambiri: Staphylococcus spp. (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus), Streptococcus spp. (Streptococcus pyogene, Streptococcus agalactiae).

Ma staphylococci ambiri okhala ndi methicillin amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi ciprofloxacin. Zomverera za Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, Mycobacterium avium (ili intracellularly) ndizodziletsa (kuzungulira kwakukulu kumafunikira kuti tiwapetse).

Kukanani ndi mankhwalawa: Bacteroides fragilis, Pseudomonas cepacia, Pseudomonas maltophilia, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Clostridium Hardile, Nocardia asteroides. Zothandiza osagwirizana ndi Treponema pallidum.

Kutsutsa kumayamba pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa, kumbali imodzi, pambuyo pa kuphrofloxacin palibenso tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, ndipo mbali inayo, ma cell mabakiteriya alibe michere yomwe imathandizira.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Thupi lawo siligwirizana, kuyabwa, kuwotcha, kufinya komanso kufinya kwamkati, nseru, kawirikawiri - kutupira m'maso, chithunzi cham'mimba chakunja, kutsekemera kwakumaso pakamwa pakangopezeka kotupa, kuchepa kwa mawonekedwe akhungu. amalimbikitsa odwala omwe ali ndi zilonda zam'mimba, keratitis, keratopathy, mawonekedwe a mawanga kapena kulowetsedwa kwa corneal, kukula kwa chidwi champhamvu.

Mankhwala

Ciprofloxacin imalepheretsa gyrase ya khungu la bakiteriya, kuletsa zochitika za topoisomerases zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kufalikira kwa molekyulu ya DNA. Mankhwala amalepheretsa kutsitsa majini a bakiteriya, poletsa kukula ndi kubereka kwa tizilombo. Imakhala ndi bactericidal pa gram-hasi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tokhala m'malo opanda phokoso. Mabakiteriya okhala ndi gramu amadziwitsidwa ndi maantibayotiki pokhapokha atagawika. Zothandiza pa ciprofloxacin:

• Magram-negative aerobic tizilombo (Escherichia, Salmonella, Shigella, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Cholera Vibrio, Serrations),
• tizilombo tina tosavomerezeka ta gramu (pseudomonads, moraxella, aeromonads, pasteurella, campylobacter, gonococcus, meningococcus),
• majeremusi okhathamira (ma legionella, brucella, chlamydia, listeria, bacillus wa tuber, diphtheria bacillus),
• gram zabwino aerobic tizilombo (staphylococci, streptococcus).

Zomverera zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi:

Mankhwala sasokoneza:

• ureaplasma urealitikum,
• methicillin osagwira staphylococci,
• clostridia
• nocardia
• treponema wotumbululuka.

Kukhazikika kumayamba pang'onopang'ono. Pambuyo pa ntchito ciprofloxacin, mabakiteriya okhazikika samakhalabe. Kuphatikiza apo, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sapanga ma enzyme omwe amawononga maantibayotiki.

Pharmacokinetics

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kwanuko, pang'onopang'ono mankhwalawo amadziwikiridwa m'magazi. Ciprofloxacin imadziunjikira minofu yomwe ikukhudzidwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yakumaloko. Zochiritsira zamafuta othandizira amapezeka pambuyo pa mphindi 60-90 pambuyo popaka mafuta.

Ntchito ndi mlingo

Mafuta a 1-1,5 masentimita amathandizira pa eyelid yam'munsi katatu patsiku. Amathandizidwa masiku awiri, pambuyo pake kuchuluka kwa njira kumachepera 2 patsiku. Woopsa matenda opatsirana, mafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito maola atatu aliwonse. Kuchulukitsa kwa machitidwe kumachepetsedwa pamene zizindikiritso za pachimake zimatha. Njira yochizira siyenera kupitilira masiku 14. Mafuta asanayambitsidwe, kope limasunthidwa pansi. Mafuta amatsitsidwa pang'onopang'ono mu chubu ndikuyambitsa mu conjunctival sac. Matope amamasulidwa ndikuwapanikiza pang'ono motsutsana ndi nsidze kwa masekondi 60-120. Pambuyo pa izi, wodwalayo ayenera kugona ndi maso ake otsekeka kwa mphindi 2-3.

Contraindication yogwiritsa ntchito mafuta a ciprofloxacin

Mafuta sangagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi:

• tsankho lomwe lingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi zinthu zothandizira,
• tizilombo toyambitsa matenda,
• matenda oyamba ndi maso.

Mndandanda wa zotsutsana mwatsatanetsatane umaphatikizapo:

• zotupa zamatumbo am'mimba,
• pachimake ubongo
• kukulitsa chidwi chotsimikiza.

Bongo

Pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta pazolinga zake, mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndiwokayikitsa. Ngati mankhwalawa alowa mwangozi m'mimba, kusanza, kupuma, mutu, nkhawa, komanso kukomoka kumachitika. Thandizo loyamba limaphatikizanso kubwezeretsa mchere wamchere mthupi, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mkodzo, komwe kumalepheretsa mapangidwe amiyala impso ndi chikhodzodzo.

Kuyanjana kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochulukirapo kungathandize kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa theophylline m'magazi, kutsitsa kapangidwe ka caffeine komanso kupititsa patsogolo zotsatira za anticoagulants. Kugwiritsa ntchito ciprofloxacin kuphatikiza ndi cyclosporine kungapangitse kuwonjezeka kwakanthawi kwa kuchuluka kwa creatinine m'magazi.

Mankhwala otsatirawa ali ndi vuto lofananalo:

• Kuphatikizidwa
• Tsiprolet,
• Oftocipro,
• Ciprofloxacin (madontho),
• Ciprofloxacin (mapiritsi okhala ndi mafilimu).

Katundu

Mankhwala

Ma antimicrobial wothandizila pazowonekera zingapo za gulu la fluoroquinolones. Imakhala ndi bactericidal zotsatira. Imaletsa DNA gyrase ndipo imalepheretsa kaphatikizidwe ka bacteria.

Ogwira ntchito kwambiri motsutsana ndi mabakiteriya ambiri opanda gramu: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Yogwira motsutsana ndi Staphylococcus spp. (kuphatikiza tizilombo ta kupanga ndi kusapanga penicillinase, michere yotsitsa-methicillin), zovuta zina za Enterococcus spp., Campylobacter spp., Legionella spp., Mycoplasma spp., Chlamydia spp, Mycobacterium spp.

Ciprofloxacin imagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi mabakiteriya omwe amapanga beta-lactamases.

Ureaplasma urealyticum, Clostridium ubunzima, Nocardia asteroides amagwirizana ndi ciprofloxacin. Zochita motsutsana ndi Treponema pallidum sizimamveka bwino.

Pharmacokinetics

Amamwa mwachangu kuchokera mumimba. The bioavailability pambuyo pakamwa makonzedwe ndi 70%. Kudya pang'ono kumakhudza mayamwidwe a ciprofloxacin. Kumangiriza kwa mapuloteni a plasma ndi 20-40%. Imagawidwa m'matipi ndi madzi amthupi. Amalowa m'madzi amadzimadzi am'madzi: zozungulira za ciprofloxacin zokhala ndi mapindikidwe osapsa zimafikira 10%, ndizopweteketsa - mpaka 37%. Kuzungulira kwakukulu kumakwaniritsidwa mu bile. Wotsekedwa mkodzo ndi bile.

Mlingo ndi makonzedwe:

Aliyense. Mkati - 250-750 mg 2 nthawi / tsiku. Kutalika kwa mankhwalawa kuyambira masiku 7-10 mpaka 4 milungu.

Kwa mtsempha wa intravenous, mlingo umodzi ndi 200-400 mg, kuchuluka kwa makonzedwe ndi 2 kawiri / tsiku, kutalika kwa mankhwalawa ndi masabata 1-2, ngati pakufunika zina. Ndikotheka kutumiza iv mu ndege, koma makamaka, makina a droplet kwa mphindi 30.

Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso, madontho awiri a 1-2 amathandizidwa kulowa m'munsi mwa conjunctival sac ya maso omwe akhudzidwa maola aliwonse a 1-4.

Pazipita mlingo tsiku lililonse kwa akuluakulu, akamamwa pakamwa ndi 1.5 g.

Zotsatira zoyipa:

Kuchokera m'mimba: nseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kupweteka kwam'mimba, kuchuluka kwa chiwindi transpases, zamkati phosphatase, LDH, bilirubin, pseudomembranous colitis.

Kuchokera kumbali yamanjenje yapakati: mutu, chizungulire, kumva kutopa, kusokonezeka kwa tulo, zolota usiku, kuyerekezera zinthu zina, kukomoka, kusokonezeka kwa mawonekedwe.

Kuchokera pamifupa ya kwamikodzo: crystalluria, glomerulonephritis, dysuria, polyuria, albinuria, hematuria, chiwopsezo chosakhalitsa cha serum creatinine.

Kuchokera ku hemopoietic system: eosinophilia, leukopenia, neutropenia, kusintha kwa ma protein.

Kuchokera kumbali ya mtima tachycardia, mtima mungoli chisokonezo, ochepa hypotension.

Zotsatira zoyipa: pruritus, urticaria, edema ya Quincke, matenda a Stevens-Johnson, arthralgia.

Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha chemotherapeutic: candidiasis.

Zomwe zimachitika: soreness, phlebitis (ndi iv yoyendetsedwa). Pogwiritsa ntchito madontho amaso, nthawi zina ululu wofatsa ndi conjunctival hyperemia ndizotheka.

Mafuta amtundu wanji

Chotsatsa chake cha mankhwalawa chimati ndi cha gulu la fluoroquinolones. Zinthu za gululi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nkhondo yolimbana ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi tizilombo tomwe timayambitsa maonekedwe awo.

Chochitikacho chili pamlingo wamba, mawonekedwe a piritsi okha omwe amatulutsidwa ndi ena.

Kuchiritsika kwamankhwala kumachitika pakapita nthawi yochepa. Mankhwalawa sangayambitse zotsatira zoyipa zingapo.

Mafuta a Ciprofloxacin ophthalmic amathandiza kuthetsa mwachangu komanso mosamala zizindikiro za matendawa.

Zogwira pophika ndi mawonekedwe

Pamtima pazotsatira zachipatala pamthupi pali chinthu chotchedwa ciprofloxacin.

Yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi yayitali ndipo idakwanitsa kudzikhazikitsa ngati chida chabwino kwambiri.

Zimakhudza ma molekyulu a DNA a bacterium, amalepheretsa kukula kwake kowonjezereka ndi ntchito zoberekera, zomwe zimatsogolera kuimfa popanda mwayi wobwereranso kumatenda.

Pa mayeso azachipatala, zidapezeka kuti pokhudzana ndi zovuta zina, ntchitoyi ndi zero. Ndiye kuti, muzochitika zoterezi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito analogies of ciprofloxacin eye dontho.

Kuphatikizikako kumaphatikizapo zinthu monga:

• hydrochloric acid (kuchepetsedwa),
• mafuta parafini
• madzi oyeretsedwa
• Trilon B
• ophrofloxacin.

Ambiri aiwo samakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa thupi.

Pamaso pa tsankho, musanyalanyaze zomwe zimazindikira m'malo ochepa. Izi zingayambitse kuwonongeka kosafunikira kwa thanzi.

Amayi oyembekezera komanso odzaza

Pa mimba ndi mkaka wa m`mawere ali contraindicated. Palibe kusiyanasiyana komwe kumapangidwa ngakhale phindu kwa amayi ndilokulirapo kuposa kuvulaza kwa mwana wosabadwayo.

Mwa ana osakwana zaka 18, kugwiritsa ntchito koletsedwa.

Mogwirizana ndi mankhwala ena:

Pogwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo ciprofloxacin ndi didanosine, kuyamwa kwa ciprofloxacin kumachepetsedwa chifukwa cha kupangika kwa zoprofloxacin zovuta ma aluminium ndi ma magnesium buffers omwe amapezeka mu didanosine.

Pogwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo ndi warfarin, chiopsezo chotaya magazi chimakulanso.

Pogwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo ciprofloxacin ndi theophylline, kuchuluka kwa theophylline mu plasma yamagazi, kuwonjezereka kwa T, ndikotheka._1/2 theophylline, yomwe imatsogolera ku chiwopsezo chowonjezereka cha poyizoni wokhudzana ndi theophylline.

Kukhazikitsidwa munthawi yomweyo kwa ma antacid, komanso kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi ma aluminium, zinc, iron kapena magnesium ion, kungayambitse kuchepa kwa mayankho a ciprofloxacin, kotero, pakati pakukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwalawa kuyenera kukhala osachepera maola 4.

Malangizo apadera ndi kusamala:

Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la impso, muyenera kuwongolera Mlingo wofunikira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala odwala okalamba, omwe ali ndi vuto la ubongo la misempha, vuto la ubongo, khunyu, matenda opatsirana a etiology osadziwika.

Pa chithandizo, odwala ayenera kulandira madzi okwanira.

Wopititsa matenda otsekula m'mimba, ciprofloxacin iyenera kusiyidwa.

Ndi munthawi yomweyo iv ya ciprofloxacin ndi barbiturates, kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ECG ndiyofunikira. Pa mankhwala, ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa urea, creatinine, ndi hepatic transaminases m'magazi.

Munthawi yamankhwala, kuchepa kwakonzanso kumatha kuchitika (makamaka mukagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo ndi mowa).

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa ciprofloxacin subconjunctival kapena mwachindunji m'chipinda chamkati mwa diso sikuloledwa.

Mu vuto laimpso

Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la impso, muyenera kuwongolera Mlingo wofunikira.

Gwiritsani ntchito mu ukalamba

Gwiritsani ntchito mosamala odwala okalamba.

Gwiritsani ntchito paubwana

Wochita ana ndi achinyamata osakwana zaka 15.

Zizindikiro zamankhwala

Matenda opatsirana komanso otupa omwe amayambitsidwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tokhudza chiprofloxacin, kuphatikizapo matenda a kupuma thirakiti, pamimba ndi ziwalo zamkati, mafupa, mafupa, khungu, septicemia, matenda oopsa a ziwalo za ENT. Chithandizo cha matenda a postoperative. Kupewa komanso kuchiza matenda kwa odwala omwe ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira.

Ntchito zapamwamba: pachimake ndi subacute conjunctivitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, blepharitis, mabakiteriya am'mimba zilonda, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, dacryocystitis, meibomites. Zilonda zamatenda opatsirana pambuyo povulala kapena matupi achilendo. Othandizira prophylaxis mu opaleshoni ya ophthalmic.

Mlingo

Aliyense. Mkati - 250-750 mg 2 nthawi / tsiku. Kutalika kwa mankhwalawa kuyambira masiku 7-10 mpaka 4 milungu.

Kwa mtsempha wa intravenous, mlingo umodzi ndi 200-400 mg, kuchuluka kwa makonzedwe ndi 2 kawiri / tsiku, kutalika kwa mankhwalawa ndi masabata 1-2, ngati pakufunika zina. Ndikotheka kutumiza iv mu ndege, koma makamaka, makina a droplet kwa mphindi 30.

Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso, madontho awiri a 1-2 amathandizidwa kulowa m'munsi mwa conjunctival sac ya maso omwe akhudzidwa maola aliwonse a 1-4.

Mlingo woyenera wa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa akulu mukamamwa ndi 1.5 g.