Odwala matenda ashuga

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda a endocrine system yoyambitsidwa ndi insulin yamphumphu, mahomoni a kapamba, zomwe zimayambitsa hyperglycemia (kuchuluka kosalekeza kwa shuga m'magazi).

Tanthauzo la liwu loti "shuga" kuchokera ku chilankhulo cha Greek ndi "kumaliza." Chifukwa chake, mawu akuti "shuga" amatanthauza "kutaya shuga." Pankhaniyi, chizindikiro chachikulu cha matendawa chikuwonetsedwa - shuga wa mkodzo.

Pafupifupi 10% ya anthu padziko lapansi ali ndi matenda ashuga, komabe, ngati tingaganizire mitundu yapitayo ya matendawa, chiwerengerochi chikhoza kukhala chokulirapo ka 3-4. Amayamba chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa insulin ndipo amayenda ndimatenda a carbohydrate, protein ndi mafuta metabolism.

Pafupifupi 25% ya anthu odwala matenda a shuga sazindikira matenda awo. Amachita bizinesi modekha, samvera chidwi ndi zomwe zikuwonetsa, ndipo panthawiyi matenda a shuga amawononga thupi lawo pang'onopang'ono.

Mkulu shuga angayambitse kusokonezeka pafupifupi ziwalo zonse, mpaka kufika poipa. Kukwera kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi, kumawonekera kwambiri ndizotsatira zake, zomwe zafotokozedwa motere:

• kunenepa
• glycosylation (shuga) wam'maselo,
• kuledzera kwa thupi ndi kuwonongeka kwa manjenje
• kuwonongeka kwamitsempha yamagazi,
• kukula kwa matenda ang'onoang'ono okhudza ubongo, mtima, chiwindi, mapapu, ziwalo
• Mimba, minofu, khungu, maso,
• mawonetseredwe amomwe akukomoka, chikomokere,
• zotsatira zakupha.

Izi matenda ndi mtundu wa matenda amtundu 1. Ndi osowa. Njira yayikulu yokhazikitsira matendawa kukulitsa kwa matendawa ndi kuzungulira kwa minyewa ya pancreatic, yomwe imalephera kukhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ake omwe.

Zotsatira zake, pali kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga mu seramu ya mwana.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda obadwa nawo a shuga ndi monga:

1. Kukula kwina (hypoplasia) kapena kusakhalapo kwathunthu (aplasia) kapamba m'thupi la mwana. Kutanthauza kusokonezedwa kwamkati mwa ziwalo zamkati.
2. Kulandilidwa ndi amayi pa nthawi ya gestation yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yaukali yokhala ndi mphamvu za teratogenic (antitumor, antiviral ndi ena). Zinthu izi zimakhudza molakwika magwiridwe amtundu wa ziwalo, zomwe zimabweretsa ku gland hypoplasia.
3. Makanda asanakwane amakhala ndi matenda ashuga chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa ma pancreatic minofu ndi ma cell a B chifukwa chosowa nthawi yokwanira kumaliza kukula kwa thupi.

Zowonjezera zomwe zimayambitsa matenda obadwa nawo a shuga ndi:

• Makamaka. Ngati 1 mwa makolo adwala, ndiye kuti mwayi wopanga matenda a carbohydrate metabolism mwa mwana ndi pafupifupi 10-15% (kutengera deta yochokera m'mabuku osiyanasiyana). Amayi ndi abambo akamavutika ndi hyperglycemia, amakula mpaka 20-40%.
• Mphamvu ya poizoni pa mwana wosabadwayo panthawi yoyembekezera.

Wopeza matenda a shuga 1 ndi matenda omwe nthawi zambiri amakula chifukwa cha kuyambitsa kwa autoimmune mthupi, chifukwa cha momwe chitetezo chaumunthu chikuyamba kulimbana ndi maselo a pancreatic omwe amapanga insulin.

Maziko a shuga obadwa nawo ndi intrauterine matenda a mwana wosabadwayo, pamene kapamba sanapangidwe molondola, zomwe zimasokoneza magwiridwe antchito ake. Izi zimabweretsa zovuta za kagayidwe kachakudya mu mwana, zomwe zimafunikira chithandizo.

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kukula kwa matenda obadwa nawo a shuga kwa mwana kumayambitsa kupangika kosayenera kwa pancreatic ngakhale pa nthawi yomwe mayi ali ndi pakati. Zotsatira zake, mwana amabadwa ali ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe limalepheretsa maselo ake kubisa insulin.

Matenda a mwana obadwa kwa ana amatha kubereka pazifukwa zotsatirazi:

1. Kukula kosakwanira (hypoplasia) kapenanso kusakhalapo (aplasia) mthupi la kapamba. Kuphwanya kotereku kumakhudzana ndi ma pathologies a fetus omwe akukula mwana wosabadwayo ndipo sangathe kulandira chithandizo.
2. Kulandila kwa mkaziyo panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati pa mankhwala amphamvu, mwachitsanzo, antitumor kapena othandizira. Zomwe zimakhala ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mapangidwe a minyewa ya pancreatic, yomwe ingayambitse gland hypoplasia (kusowa kwa maselo omwe amapanga insulin).
3. Mwa ana obadwa masiku asanakwane, matenda ashuga amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa tiziwalo timene timatulutsa timimba ndi timaselo ta B, chifukwa analibe nthawi yopanga kale chifukwa chobadwa isanakwane.

Kuphatikiza pazifukwa zomwe zatchulidwazi, palinso zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mwana wakhanda azikhala ndi matenda abwinobwino. Pali zinthu ziwiri zokha izi, koma gawo lawo pakupangika kwa matendawa ndilabwino kwambiri.

Zowonjezera zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa matenda a shuga kwa akhanda:

• Khalidweli. Ngati m'modzi mwa makolo ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti pali vuto lotere, chiwopsezo chotenga matenda mu mwana pakubadwa chimakula ndi 15%. Ngati bambo ndi mayi ali ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti zoterezi zimapangitsa kuti mwana alandire matendawa nthawi 40 kuchokera pa 100, ndiye kuti matenda amowa amabadwa nawo.
• Zotsatira zoyipa za poizoni pakumata.

Mosasamala kanthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, mwana amakhala ndi shuga wambiri wamitsempha, yemwe kuyambira masiku oyamba amoyo amatha kuvulaza ziwalo zamkati ndi machitidwe ake.

Matenda a 2 a shuga ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amakhala ndi chibadwa champhamvu. Odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matendawa akuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa m'bale. Ngati matenda amtundu wa II apezeka mwa kholo limodzi, mwayi woti limapezeka mwa mwana pamoyo wawo wonse ndi pafupifupi 40%. Komabe, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti mtundu wina womwe umayambitsa matenda a shuga sunapezekebe.

Matendawa amatchedwanso kuti anapeza matenda a shuga, chifukwa kakulidwe kake, koyamba, kamakhudzidwa ndi moyo. Pachiwopsezo ndi anthu omwe amakhala moyo wongokhala, kudya mafuta ochulukirapo komanso mpweya wokwanira. Makamaka omwe amadziwika ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 ndi anthu onenepa kwambiri.

Mwa zina zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko cha matendawa, matenda oopsa ogwirizana komanso mtundu wawo amasiyanitsidwa, makamaka ngati chikhalidwe cha moyo chimasinthira kumadzulo.

Maulalo apamwamba mu pathogenesis a mtundu 2 shuga mellitus pano amawonedwa kuti ali ndi vuto la insulin secretion, kukana insulini, kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi chiwindi, ndipo, monga tawonera kale, kudziwikiratu chibadwa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kudya pang'ono.

Palibe zovuta kunena chifukwa chomwe chimathandizira kuti matenda ashuga azikhala. Monga lamulo, zinthu zingapo zimathandizira pakukula kwa matendawa. Kuphatikiza monga:

• cholowa
• dera lokhala
• kupsinjika
• ma virus
• mankhwala
• ndi mankhwala ena omwe amalowa mthupi la munthu.

Kuphatikiza apo, moyo wopanda tanthauzo umathandizira kukulitsa kuperewera kwa insulin: Kuledzera, zakumwa zoledzeretsa, kusowa kwa magalimoto komanso kudya kosalekeza kwa zakudya zopatsa thanzi.

Mothandizidwa ndi zinthu izi, dongosolo la endocrine limayamba kugwira ntchito molakwika, chifukwa cha zomwe ma cell a pancreatic omwe amapanga insulin amakhudzidwa.

Timamvetsetsa kale kuti zingachitike, eti?

Zowona, momwe ziliri pamene ife ndi miyeso yathu, monga akunenera, tachedwa. Chinsinsi cha zotupa zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'matumbo a endocrine ndikuti ma cell omwe amakhudzidwa ndi njirayi amatha. Koma osati maselo atsopano a gland omwe amakula m'malo mwake. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zokhala ndi minofu yolumikizana, popeza minyewa yamtunduwu imatha kugonjetsedwa ndi sepsis.

Komabe, ngati sitiganiza kuti tikudwala, sipangakhale zoterezi. Maselo obisika amwalira, ndipo minyewa yolumikizika, yopanda tanthauzo pamenepa, imakhala malo awo. Pafupifupi zaka pafupifupi 7000 za sepsis yofunikira imayenera kuyambika kwa kuchepa pazinthu zobisika. Koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala asanu.

Zaka 5-7 zokha nthawi zambiri zimaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe amabwera kwa dokotala ndi zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda ashuga. Monga lamulo, nthawi imeneyo chitsulo chimapangabe insulini yodziwika, ndipo kuchepa kwake sikutanthauza kuchepa kwathunthu. Komabe, kuyambira kuchiyambireni kwa maphunzirowa, katswiriyo akuwonetsa kuti ziphuphu za wodwalayo sizigwira ntchito kwa zaka zopitilira 7 pazakulipira kwina. Ndipo pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi amayenera kuyamba jakisoni wa insulin.

Chifukwa chake, matenda ashuga amapezeka, pazifukwa zina, maselo owerengeka a kapamba akamwalira. Kapenanso ngati insulini yomwe amapanga siyikukwaniritsa ntchito zake zachilengedwe. Mwanjira ina, zisumbu za Langerhans zimatha kupezeka kapena kusapezeka pazithunzi za ziwalo. Ndipo matenda ashuga amatha kukhala chifukwa cha pancreatitis yomwe imatenga nthawi yayitali, komanso chifukwa cha cholakwika chabadwa. Kuphatikiza apo, kunenepa kwambiri kumayambitsa.

Matenda a shuga obadwa nawo amawonekera koyambirira - mpaka zaka 25. Ndipo masambidwe ake ali pachimake - kutentha kwakukulu, "ochulukitsa" shuga wamagazi, kunjenjemera kwa malekezero, ofotokozedwa ndi ketonuria (mkodzo amapeza kununkhira kwa acetone), thukuta, kufooka, ndi delirium. Maselo apancreatic amatha kusiya kutulutsa insulin m'masiku ochepa.

Matendawa atangoyamba, makulidwe ake amakhala owopsa komanso owopsa. Chovuta chachikulu cha matenda ashuga oterewa ndi imfa ya wodwalayo chifukwa cha kufa kwa ubongo komwe kwasiyidwa popanda shuga. Matenda obadwa nawo amatchedwa insulin-amadalira, chifukwa mahomoni ake omwe samapangidwa konse m'thupi la wodwalayo.

Mavuto a kapamba amakhudzana ndi zochitika zachiwiri. Ndi iye, wodwalayo adabadwa ndi kapamba wamba komanso maselo ogulitsa. Komabe, m'zaka zapitazo, adayamba kuwoneka wowonda kwambiri. Kapena njira yomwe amapangira kapamba sinayambike chifukwa chakudya mopambanitsa, koma chifukwa china. Apa tikuyenera kumvetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa kulemera kophatikizika ndi kupweteka kwa pancreatic ndi zovuta zam'mimba ndizotsimikizika 98% kuti m'zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu tidzayendera gastroenterologist yemwe ali ndi pancreatitis ndi endocrinologist wodwala matenda ashuga. 2% yotsalayo imaganiziridwa (ndipo moyenera!) Chinale ngati chozizwitsa chachipatala.

Mwanjira ina iliyonse, mtundu wa shuga wosadalira insulin umapezeka nthawi zonse. Ndipo ndi iyo, kupanga kochepa kwambiri kwa insulin m'maselo a islet nthawi zambiri kumakhalidwa - chifukwa chake dzinalo. M'malo mwake, wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo popanda kulipidwa ndi insulin sangakhale ndi moyo wautali kuposa wodwala matenda a shuga omwe amatengera.

Chikhulupiriro cha matenda ashuga sichingaganiziridwe bwino. Nthawi zina, matenda ashuga amayamba chifukwa cha zovuta kapena zamavuto amunthu mwa omwe mpaka pano sanapeze zovuta za metabolic (zotchedwa neuro-traumaticabetes).Mankhwala amanjenje, komanso kuperewera kwa mavitamini m'zakudya, kumakulitsa zovuta za matenda ashuga nthawi zonse, zomwe zimawonetsa chikoka cha zinthu zakunja kwa matendawa.

Nthawi zina, matenda ashuga amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi mawonekedwe ena a kuchepa kwa thupi. Pankhaniyi, kudya kwambiri, kumangokhala moyo wam'magazi, zochitika zamanjenje zimayambitsa matenda a shuga, omwe, mosawerengeka, amaphatikizidwa ndi kuphwanya kwa oxidative-enzymatic ntchito za thupi. Mwa odwala, zovuta za metabolic zimatha kukhala zokhazikika komanso kubadwa nazo.

Matenda a shuga: kusiyana kwa kubereka

Matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri wa maphunzirowa ali ndi dzina lina - lotengedwa, lokhala ndi insulin. Njira yamatendawa siyikuphatikiza jakisoni wa mahomoni okumba. Odwala ena angafunikirebe insulini yowonjezera, koma izi ndizotengera njira yayikulu yothandizira.

Wopeza shuga, monga lamulo, amakula muukalamba. Zomwe zimayambitsa ndikuphwanya kwa kagayidwe kazakudya ndikuchulukitsa kwa matenda a kapamba. Komabe, mpaka pano, madotolo awona chizolowezi chowononga zaka za odwala matenda ashuga.

Kupezeka kwa mtundu wachiwiri wa matendawa mu ana ndi achinyamata kumaonekera kwambiri. Izi zitha kufotokozedwa mosavuta osati kuwonongeka kachilengedwe kokhako, komanso ndi mtundu wotsika wa chakudya wokhala ndi mafuta abwino komanso kusowa kwamaphunziro apamasewera athupi achinyamata. Izi ndi zifukwa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matendawa akhale achichepere chaka chilichonse.

Aliyense ayenera kudziwa zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda ashuga. Izi zikuthandizani kuti muzindikire matenda a pancreatic komanso kuti muchepetse zovuta za matenda ashuga.

Ndiye kapamba yemwe amakhala m'mimba kuti achite ntchito ziwiri nthawi imodzi:

• kupanga juwisi wa kapamba, womwe umakhudzidwa ndimatumbo,
• katulutsidwe wa insulin ya mahomoni, yomwe imayang'anira kupatsa shuga ku cell.

Mitundu ya Matenda a shuga a Congenital

Kutengera momwe matendawa amachitikira komanso nthawi yake, mitundu iwiri yamatenda am'mimba:

1. Njira yochepa. Zimadziwika chifukwa chakuti pakatha miyezi 1-2 ya moyo wakhanda, imazimiririka yokha popanda mankhwala. Zimawerengera pafupifupi 50-60% ya milandu yonse yobwera kwa chakudya chambiri. Mwina chifukwa cha matenda a majini a 6 chromosome, omwe amachititsa kuti maselo a B apangidwe a kapamba.
2. Matenda osatha shuga. Zimakhudza theka lina la odwala. Amakhala ndi mwana moyo wake wonse ndipo amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala chophatikizira ndi ma analogue opanga mahomoni. Kukula mwachangu, khola. Mwina atha kukhala ndi zovuta zoyambirira chifukwa chovuta kuchiza mwana.

Chifukwa chakuti matenda ashuga ali ndi mitundu yambiri, zizindikiro, zovuta, komanso, mtundu wa chithandizo, akatswiri adapanga njira yabwino yopangira matendawa. Ganizirani mitundu, mitundu ndi digiri ya matenda ashuga.

I. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga a shuga (a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, matenda ashuga). Nthawi zambiri, mtundu uwu wa shuga umawonedwa mwa achinyamata, nthawi zambiri wowonda. Ndi zovuta. Chomwe chagona mu ma antibodies opangidwa ndi thupi lokha, lomwe limatchinga ma cell a β-cell omwe amapanga insulin mu kapamba.

II. Lembani matenda ashuga a 2 a shuga (osadalira insulini). Nthawi zambiri, anthu onenepa kwambiri azaka 40 amakhala ndi matenda ashuga a 2. Chomwe chagona pakukulika kwa michere m'maselo, ndichifukwa chake amasiya kumva za insulin. Kuchiza kumazikidwa makamaka pazakudya zamafuta.

Popita nthawi, ndizotheka kupereka mapiritsi a insulin, ndipo pokhapokha ngati pakufunika kuchita, jakisoni wa insulini ndi mankhwala.

A. Matenda obadwa nawo a ma b-cell

B. Zofooka zamtundu wa insulin

1. zoopsa kapena kapamba,

3.Njira neoplastic

4. cystic fibrosis,

5. fibrocalculeous pancreatopathy,

7. matenda ena.

1. Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome,

8. ena endocrinopathies.

E. Matenda a shuga chifukwa cha zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

2. matenda a cytomegalovirus,

3. matenda ena opatsirana.

IV. Matenda a shuga. Mwazi wa magazi umakwera nthawi yapakati. Nthawi zambiri amadutsa mwadzidzidzi, atabereka mwana.

Matenda a shuga mellitus 1 degree (ofatsa). Glycemia wochepa (shuga m'magazi) ndiwofatsa - osaposa 8 mmol / l (pamimba yopanda kanthu). Mlingo wa glucosuria watsiku ndi tsiku si woposa 20 g / l. Mwina atha kukhala ndi angioneuropathy. Chithandizo pamlingo wazakudya ndi kumwa mankhwala ena ake.

Matenda a shuga mellitus 2 madigiri (mawonekedwe apakati). Pocheperako, koma ndikuwonekeratu, kuwonjezeka kwa glycemia pamlingo wa 8-10 mmol / l ndi khalidwe. Mlingo wa glucosuria watsiku ndi tsiku si oposa 40 g / l. Mawonekedwe a ketosis ndi ketoacidosis nthawi zina ndizotheka. Kusokonezeka kwakukulu pakugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo sikumachitika, koma nthawi yomweyo, kusokonezeka kwina ndi chizindikiro pakugwira ntchito kwa maso, mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, malekezero apansi, impso ndi mitsempha yamanjenje ndizotheka.

Matenda a shuga mellitus 3 madigiri (fomu yayikulu). Nthawi zambiri, pafupifupi glycemiimmol / l. Mlingo wa glucosuria watsiku ndi tsiku ndi pafupifupi 40 g / l. Mitundu yambiri ya proteinuria (mapuloteni mumkodzo) imadziwika. Chithunzi cha chiwonetsero cha matenda a ziwalo zojambulidwa chikukulitsidwa - maso, mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, miyendo, impso, mantha. Kuwona kumachepa, dzanzi komanso kupweteka m'miyendo kumawonekera, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakwera.

Matenda a shuga mellitus madigiri 4 (mawonekedwe owopsa). Mkhalidwe wapamwamba kwambiri wa glycemia ndi mmol / l kapena kuposa. Mlingo wa glucosuria watsiku ndi tsiku umakhala wapamwamba / l. Proteinuria imatheka, thupi limataya mapuloteni. Pafupifupi ziwalo zonse zimakhudzidwa. Wodwala amakonda kuperewera matenda ashuga pafupipafupi. Moyo umangokhala pa jakisoni wa insulin - pa 60 OD kapena kupitirira.

- matenda ashuga micro- ndi macroangiopathy,

Kusiyanaku kumathandizira kumvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika ndi wodwala pamagawo osiyanasiyana a matendawa:

1. 1 digiri (yosavuta). Matenda a shuga 1 amapezeka ali mwana, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga sikupitirira 6.0 mol / lita. Wodwala kwathunthu alibe zovuta za matenda ashuga, amalipidwa ndi zakudya komanso mankhwala apadera.
2. 2 digiri (yapakatikati). Matenda a shuga 2 amakhala oopsa komanso oopsa, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa glucose kumayamba kupitirira kuchuluka kwake. Komanso, magwiridwe antchito a ziwalo, ndendende: impso, maso, mtima, magazi ndi mitsempha, zimasokonekera. Komanso shuga wamagazi amafikira oposa 7.0 mol / lita.
3. 3 digiri (yolemera). Matendawa ali pachimake kwambiri, motero zimakhala zovuta kuchiza mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala komanso insulin. Shuga ndi glucose amapitilira mole / lita, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti magazi azitha kuchepa ndipo mphete za magazi zimatha kugwa, zomwe zimayambitsa magazi ndi matenda a mtima.
4. 4 digiri. Maphunziro oopsa kwambiri a shuga amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose - mpaka 25 mmol / l, glucose komanso mapuloteni onse amawachotsa mkodzo, vuto silikukonzedwa ndi mankhwala aliwonse. Ndi matenda oterewa omwe amafunsidwa, kulephera kwa impso, zilonda zam'munsi, komanso zilonda zam'mbuyomu nthawi zambiri zimapezeka.

Zofunikira pakukula kwa matenda ashuga a 2

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa kukula kwawo ndipo ali ofanana ndendende chifukwa cha matenda oyamba. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndi vuto la metabolic komanso kusowa kwa kupanga insulin.

Magawo oyamba a shuga omwe amapezeka amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa insulin yayikulu, chifukwa thupi limatha kubisala. Popita nthawi, kupangika kwa mahomoni kumachepa pang'onopang'ono ndikupita ku zero.

Kulemera kwambiri kumatha kutchedwa chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga. Kuphatikiza apo, mafuta owopsa kwambiri amakhala m'mimba (mawonekedwe a kunenepa kwambiri), omwe amachititsa kuti azingokhala mwamtendere komanso aziluma mofulumira popita.

Zakudya zopanda pake ndi kudya kwambiri mafuta osakanikirana ndi kuchepetsedwa kwakukulu kwa ulusi wopaka ndi mafini amathanso kutchedwa chofunikira pamavuto a insulin.

Kodi kuchitira odwala shuga?

Madokotala amapereka mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga kuti magazi asakhale ndi shuga. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuganizira kuti ngakhale hyperglycemia, ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kwa shuga, kapena hypoglycemia, ndiko kuti, kugwa kwake, sikuyenera kuloledwa.

Musanayambe chithandizo, ndikofunikira kufufuza bwino za thupi, chifukwa chiyembekezo chabwino cha kuchira chimatengera izi.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga ndicholinga:

• kutsitsa shuga
• matenda a kagayidwe
• kupewa matenda ashuga.

Kukonzekera kwa insulin kwa matenda ashuga kumagawika m'magulu anayi, malinga ndi nthawi yayitali:

• Ultrashort kanthu (isanayambike kuchitidwe - pambuyo mphindi 15, nthawi yochitapo - maola 3-4): insulin LysPro, insulin aspart.
• Kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu (kuyamba kwa zochita ndi pambuyo pa mphindi 30 - 1 ora, nthawi yayitali ndi maola 8-8).
• Nthawi yayitali yochitapo (koyamba kwa zochita ndi pambuyo pa maola 1-2; nthawi yayitali ndi maola 14 - 20).
• Kutenga nthawi yayitali (kuyamba kwa maola 4, nthawi yochita mpaka maola 28).

Njira zopangira insulin sizothandiza munthu aliyense payekhapayekha ndipo zimasankhidwa kwa wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kapena endocrinologist.

Chinsinsi chogwiritsira ntchito bwino matenda a shuga ndikuwonetsetsa shuga ya magazi. Komabe, ndizosatheka kuyeserera ma laboratori kangapo patsiku. Ma glucometer osunthika amathandizira, ali ophatikizika, ndiosavuta kutenga nanu ndikuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose ngati pakufunika.

Imathandizira kutsimikizika kwa mawonekedwe mu Chirasha, chikhazikitso musanadye komanso mutatha kudya. Zipangizo ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, pomwe zimasiyana pakukwaniritsa koyeza. Ndi mamilimita a glucose onyamula, shuga imatha kuwongoleredwa

Zakudya mankhwalawa matenda a shuga mellitus (tebulo Na. 9) umalimbana ndi kusintha kagayidwe kazachilengedwe komanso kupewa mafuta osokoneza bongo.

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za mankhwala azakudya zimaphatikizapo:

• mosamalitsa kusankhidwa kwa zopatsa mphamvu za tsiku ndi tsiku, kusiyanitsidwa kwathunthu kwamagulu azakudya,
• kuwerenga kuchuluka kwa mafuta, mapuloteni, mavitamini ndi chakudya,
• zakudya zazopatsa thanzi zopatsa thanzi ndi zopatsa mphamvu.

Pazakudya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni azikhala pafupi ndi thupi momwe mungathere:

• 50-60% ya zopatsa mphamvu zonse ziyenera kukhala chakudya,
• 25 - 30% yamafuta,
• 15 - 20% ya mapuloteni.

Komanso, zakudya ziyenera kukhala ndi 4 - 4,5 wama chakudya, 1 - 1.5 g ya mapuloteni ndi 0,75 - 1.5 g yamafuta muyezo wa tsiku ndi kilogalamu ya thupi.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kungathandize kuti muchepetse shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, zolimbitsa thupi zimathandizira kuchepetsa thupi.

Sikuti kuchita masewera othamanga tsiku lililonse kapena kupita kumalo olimbitsa thupi, ndikokwanira kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi osachepera mphindi 30 katatu pa sabata. Kuyenda tsiku lililonse kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri. Ngakhale mutakhala kuti mukuyesetsa kukonza ziwembu zanu masiku angapo pa sabata, izi zimakhudzani thanzi lanu.

Zizindikiro ndi matenda a shuga

Vuto apa ndilofanana ndi kapamba. Pakakhala chiwopsezo chakuti mwana wosabadwa adzalandira matenda ashuga kuchokera kwa makolo, makolo iwonso adzachenjezedwa za izi. Ndiye kuti, mtundu wa shuga wa I m'lingaliro umayembekezeredwa nthawi zonse. Chifukwa mfundo zacholowa chake zimadziwika.Koma munthu wobadwa wathanzi, mawonekedwe ake amatha kusokoneza.

Makamaka ngati chifukwa sichinali pachimake pancreatic minofu necrosis, zomwe sizingatheke kuzindikira. Mu shuga mellitus, timadzi timene timatulutsa glucose ku chakudya m'maselo timasowa magazi. Ndipo amatenga nawo gawo pa michere ya ATP. Chifukwa chake, wodwala wodwala matenda a shuga akupitiliza kudya mwachizolowezi, koma maselo ake amakhala ndi zizindikiro zonse za njala.

Maselo sangakhale ndi njala kwa nthawi yayitali. Amwalira chifukwa cha izi. Ndi matenda ashuga, wodwalayo amayamba kuchepa thupi. Mosadalirika chifukwa zimatsutsana ndi kadyedwe kake. Ngakhale kudya kwambiri, nthawi zonse amakhala ndi njala. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri zakudya za munthu woyamba “matenda ashuga” zimayamba kulemera. Kuphatikiza ndi kuwonda pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, amakumananso ndi zovuta zina zaanjala, zodziwika kwa iwo omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zakudya zopindulitsa kuti apeze mgwirizano. Tikuyankhula za kuukiridwa kwa kufooka, chizungulire, "ntchentche zobiriwira" m'maso. Manja ndi miyendo zimanjenjemera ndi kugwedezeka pang'ono, nseru imatheka panthawi yaukali.

Gawo lachiwiri la matenda ashuga ndikupitilira koyambirira - ndikuwonjezera mavuto omwe akhalapo. Tikudziwa kuti panthawi yanjala, thupi limatentha shuga wopanda magazi m'magazi, ndiye kuti glycogen imasungira kuchokera ku minofu ndi chiwindi. Mu matenda ashuga, zonsezi, sizigwira ntchito, chifukwa kwenikweni sikuti kuperewera kwa shuga.

Chifukwa chake, mopitilira apo, thupi "limatengedwa" kuti lisungidwe mafuta (gawo la kuchepa thupi) ndi mapuloteni a minofu. Kuwonongeka kwa maselo amthupi kukhala amino acid kumapangitsa kuti kufa kwawo kwakuchulukire chifukwa cha njala. Ndipo mapuloteni amapanga ma amino acid, ndikupanga acetone ngati chobadwa nacho. Chifukwa chake, choyamba mkamwa, ndipo pambuyo - ndi mkodzo wa wodwala, fungo la zipatso zowola limawonekera.

Kenako pakubwera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga asadwale. Omasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chigriki, mawuwa amatanthauza "kuyenda". Chowonadi ndichakuti shuga yayikulu magazi imadziwika ndi thupi ngati kuchuluka kwake mu chakudya. Vutoli limakhala lachilendo m'makristalo amtunduwu, omwe amasunthira m'malo amitsempha yamagazi, amawononga mawonekedwe a collagen omwe takambirana pamwambapa.

Makoma amitsempha yamagazi amakhala ofooka ndipo amatayika. Chifukwa chake, shuga wambiri sangatengedwe monga chizolowezi. Ndipo impso zikuyesayesa kuiyesa ndi mkodzo. Ndipo popeza shuga satsika, amalimbikitsa kukopa. Thupi la wodwalayo limasowa madzi m'thupi mwachangu.

Gawo lomaliza, lofuna kulipidwa mokakamizidwa, limayamba pomwe wodwalayo atagonja. Ubongo umatha kuyamwa shuga wina popanda kutenga insulin. Komabe, izi sizikukhudzanso theka la zosowa zake zowona za shuga. Chifukwa chake, kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya mahomoni posachedwa kumayambitsa kulepheretsa kwa ntchito ya kotekisi.

Zizindikiro zamagetsi siziperekedwa limodzi ndi ma neurons chifukwa ATP ndiyofunikira pamenepa. Ndipo zochitika zamaganizidwe zimachepetsa - limodzi ndi magulu onse azomwe zimachitika. Imfa chifukwa cha kufa kwa khungwa mu nthawi yathu ino ndi chodabwitsa. Komabe, vuto la hypoglycemic coma ndilofala, ngati kale. Ndipo osati pakati pa odwala omwe sanapezekabe. Mu shuga omwe amadalira insulin, izi zimatha kuchitika ndi munthu wodwala matenda ashuga - mwachitsanzo, atalakwitsa pamulingo wa insulin yachitatu.

Chithunzi cha chipatala chimayimiridwa ndi zizindikiro za hyperglycemia ndi zizindikiro za zovuta za matendawa. Zowonetsa zazikulu zamankhwala za hyperglycemia ndi polyuria, kamwa yowuma, ludzu ndi polydipsia. Amayambitsidwa ndi kukula kwa osmotic diuresis, kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi, kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi kukondoweza pakati pa ludzu.

Chachikulu chiwonetsero cha matenda a shuga

Matenda a shuga 1 amadziwika ndi kuyamba kwambiri kapena kutha kwaubwana kapena unyamata, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda opumira, zovuta kapena zoopsa.Pankhaniyi, zizindikiro za hyperglycemia zimatchulidwa, kulemera kwamthupi la wodwalayo kumayamba kuchepa pang'onopang'ono. Ngati sichichiritsidwa, DKA imakula mwachangu.

Pambuyo pa kuyamba kwa mankhwala a insulin, zomwe zimasonyezedwa zimayambiranso, ndipo nthawi zina pamakhala nyengo yachikhululukiro - "kukwatirana ndi ukwati". Amawonetsedwa ndi kuchepa kwa insulin kufunika atachotsa hyperglycemia ndi ketoacidosis, yomwe inaletsa ntchito yachinsinsi ya maselo osungika a P. Kutalika kwa chikhululukiro chitha kukhala kwa chaka chimodzi ndi theka mpaka zaka ziwiri, pomwe zotsalira za insulin zimatha.

Mu 30-50% ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, atakhala nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri zaka zambiri zokhutira kwakukhuta pakumwa mankhwala omwe amapezeka ndi mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, insulin secretion imachepetsedwa kwambiri, yomwe imapangitsa kufunika kosinthira kwawo kwa insulin.

Njira yamtundu uliwonse wa matenda a shuga umakulirakulirakonso matenda omwe amakhala nawo.

Kuzindikira kwakanthawi kumapatsa wodwala mwayi wachedwa kuyambika kwa zovuta zazikulu. Koma sizotheka nthawi zonse kuzindikira zoyamba za matenda ashuga. Chomwe chimapangitsa izi ndi kusowa kwa chidziwitso choyambirira chokhudza matendawa mwa anthu komanso kuchepa kwa odwala omwe akufunafuna thandizo la mankhwala.

Chotsatira, timaganizira mwatsatanetsatane: ndimatenda amtundu wanji, zizindikiro zake ndi zovuta zake, komanso ndizotheka kuchiritsa matenda ashuga mwa anthu.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za shuga zimakonda kuphatikizidwa ndi shuga wambiri. Nthawi zambiri, chizindikiritso ichi pakusala magazi a capillary sichidutsa 5.5 mM / L, ndipo masana - 7.8 mM / L. Ngati shuga wamba tsiku lililonse amakhala oposa 9-13 mmol / l, ndiye kuti wodwala amatha kudandaula koyamba.

Mwa zizindikiro zina, ndikosavuta kuzindikira matenda ashuga kumayambiriro. Kusintha pang'ono kwa momwe munthu aliyense angawone nthawi zambiri kumawonetsa kukula kwa mtundu woyamba kapena wachiwiri wa matendawa.

Zizindikiro zakumvetsera:

• Kwambiri kukoka ndi pafupipafupi (pafupifupi ola lililonse)
• Kukhazikika kwa khungu ndi kumaliseche.
• Ludzu lalikulu kapena kufunika koti muzimwa madzi ambiri.
• Pakamwa pakamwa.
• Kuvulala kwamabala ambiri.
• Choyamba, kulemera kambiri, kutsatiridwa ndi kuchepa kwake chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa chakudya, makamaka chakudya.

Ngati zizindikiro za matenda ashuga zapezeka, dokotalayo amalamula matenda ena omwe ali ndi madandaulo ofanana (shuga insipidus, nephrogenic, hyperparathyroidism ndi ena). Kenako mumawunikira kuti mudziwe chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ashuga ndi mtundu wake. Nthawi zina, ntchito imeneyi siivuta, ndipo nthawi zina pamafunika mayeso owonjezera.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga

Pali mitundu iwiri ya matenda obadwa nawo a shuga, omwe amasiyana muukali komanso kutalika kwa matendawa, omwe ndi:

1. Osakhalitsa. Matenda a shuga amtunduwu amadziwika ndi kanthawi kochepa, osapitilira miyezi 1-2, pambuyo pake amadutsa kwathunthu popanda chithandizo ndi mankhwala. Mtundu wocheperako umakhala pafupifupi 60% ya matenda onse obadwa nako kwa ana akhanda. Zomwe zimayambitsa kupezeka kwake sizinafotokozedwe, komabe, akukhulupirira kuti zimachitika chifukwa cha chilema mu jini la 6 la chromosome, lomwe limayambitsa chitukuko cha ma pancreatic b-cell.
2. Wokhazikika. Sizachilendo kwenikweni ndipo zimapezeka kuti pafupifupi 40% ya ana omwe ali ndi matenda obadwa nawo a shuga. Mtundu wokhazikika ndi matenda osachiritsika ngati mtundu 1 wa shuga, ndipo umafunikira jakisoni wa insulin tsiku lililonse. Matenda osatha a shuga amatha msanga msanga komanso kukulitsa zovuta. Izi ndichifukwa choti ndizovuta kusankha njira yoyenera ya insulin ya mwana wakhanda, chifukwa cha ichi mwana sangalandire chithandizo chokwanira kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mosasamala mtundu wa matenda obadwa nawo, matendawa amawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Mwana wakhanda amakhala mosakhazikika, amalira, amagona kwambiri, kulavulira zakudya zopanda chakudya, amadwala colic m'mimba mwake.
• Pobadwa, mwana amakhala wonenepa.
• Njala yayikulu. Mwana amafunafuna kudya nthawi zonse ndipo amayamwa bere,
• Udzu wokhazikika. Nthawi zambiri mwana amapempha madzi akumwa,
• Ngakhale amadya kudya komanso kudya moyenera, mwana akukula kwambiri,
• Zilonda zosiyanasiyana, monga kupukusa ndi kupukusa, zimawonekera pakhungu la mwana ali wakhanda kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amakhala akumtunda mu ntchafu ndi ntchafu za mwana,
• Mwana amatenga matenda amkodzo. Mwa anyamata, kutupa kwa khungu la khungu kumatha kuwonedwa, komanso mwa atsikana amisala yotulutsa ziwalo (zamkati),
• Chifukwa cha shuga wambiri, mkodzo wa mwana umakhala womata, ndipo kukodza kumakhala kochulukirapo. Kuphatikiza apo, zokutira zoyera zokhala pazovala za mwana,
• Ngati matenda ashuga ali ovuta chifukwa cha kusowa kwa endocrine pancreatic dysfunction, ndiye pamenepa, mwana akhoza kuwonetsa zizindikiro za steatorrhea (kukhalapo kwa mafuta ochulukirapo mu ndowe).

Zizindikiro zazikulu za shuga 2:

• ludzu lalikulu
• kukodza pafupipafupi
• kumangokhala ndi njala komwe kumatha osatha kudya.
• kuwonda msanga
• kamwa yowuma
• kumangokhala wotopa ndi kutopa,
• mutu
• masomphenya osalala.

Zizindikiro zotsatirazi za shuga sizachilendo:

• kuyabwa pafupipafupi, makamaka m'chigawo cha inguinal,
• kupoleka pang'onopang'ono
• pafupipafupi fungal matenda
• kusabala
• dzanzi kapena kumeta m'miyendo,
• kusintha kwamdima pakhungu la khosi, ma grin ndi ma armpits - acantokeratoderma.

Zizindikiro za matenda osokoneza bongo sizitchulidwa. Zizindikirozi zimathanso kuimbidwa ndi matenda ena angapo.

Ndikofunikira kulabadira zizindikiro zotsatirazi, makamaka ngati pali zingapo mwazo:

• kukodza pafupipafupi,
• ludzu losalekeza
• kuchuluka kukwiya
• kutopa ndi kutopa kwambiri,
• kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe
• khungu lowuma, loyenda ndi kuyabwa,
• Kuchepetsa thupi ndi chidwi,
• dzanzi kapena kupweteka miyendo.

Pano, mwina, ndi mndandanda wawung'ono chabe wazizindikiro zomwe zimayenderana ndi matenda a shuga 1.

Zizindikiro zamtunduwu wa shuga zimatha kukhala zofatsa komanso zosafunikira. Kwa pafupifupi zaka zingapo, matendawa amapitilira mtundu wampangidwe ndipo amadzimva kuti wachedwa.

Ndi njira ya asymptomatic yam'magawo oyamba a matendawa yomwe imapangitsa cholengedwa kukhala chovuta kwambiri pakuzindikira komanso kuchira. Pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtunduwu kwa miyezi yambiri sanakayikire ngakhale kupezeka kwa matupi awo.

Panthawi yomwe matendawa atapezeka, adayamba kale kudwala retinopathy (kuwonongeka kwa maso) ndi angiopathy (mavuto a mtima) ndi mawonekedwe awo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa ndi zofanana ndi mtundu 1 wa matenda ashuga:

• Pakamwa pokhapokha pa ludzu,
• kukodza pafupipafupi,
• kufooka kwa minofu, osadutsa kutopa komanso ngakhale kungolimbitsa thupi mwachangu,
• Nthawi zina kuchepa thupi kumawonedwa (koma osatchulika kuposa mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga), koma izi sizabwino
• kuyabwa pakhungu, makamaka kuzungulira ziwalo (chifukwa cha kufalikira kwamatenda oyambitsa yisiti),
• kuyambiranso kwa matenda opweteka a pakhungu (fungus, abscess).

Munthu kudziwa zochita za wandiweyani kutsanulira uchi kuchuluka. Kutaya komaliza mwachangu kumakhala ndi 1966 ndende ndi kugona kwa glitazone.

Ndipo mtundu wokhawo wa shuga ndi eyiti 1, mwachitsanzo, yoperekedwa, ngati ulamuliro kudziko likutanthauza wotchi yolumikizira insulin, chithunzi cha matenda omwe amapezeka ndi matenda ashuga, omwe amakhala osasinthika. Zomwe zimapezeka patsamba lalikulu la phala zimapereka chidziwitso chimodzi chakuthengo.

Insulin siyabwino pochita mkodzo wophika ndi madzi a ku Russia komanso zolemba m'masiku angapo mtsogolo.Zofunikira monga matenda a m'maso, diso lomwe lidzakhale lopatsa chidwi ndizomwe zimapatsa koyamba chidwi, ndipo ndizosatheka kudya glucose wopaka mafuta m'mbale yamasaladi. Chitani masewera ena okhudzana ndi shuga a impso. Zimaphatikizanso kuyenda kwa magazi a mbadwa zonse. Collows komanso c.

Panjira yolowera, pamene mmodzi wa mayina a chiwindi amatulutsa kuvomereza, mwana amayamba chifukwa cha udzu ndipo kenako amafotokozera zolakwazo kwa zaka zambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, nkhomaliro wa chakudya okwana pafupifupi 000 okwanira kuthira shuga pamphindi. Ndikathira njira ya matenda ashuga komanso matenda a matendawa, kupyola kwa zamankhwala kukhala zachipatala, ndidzatambasulanso odwala matenda ashuga kwambiri.

Kuyenerera kumamatira ku chakudya cha glycogen yopweteketsa Ahman mwamphamvu. Milandu ya ketoacidosis ndi mzimayi wansomba yemwe adagwira. Nthawi zambiri zakudya 13 zimakhala ndi njira zambiri zochizira komanso mitundu isanu ya shuga yofananira yomwe imakhala ndi zidziwitso za 1 ntchito ndi chithandizo chilichonse pazofunikira zonse ngati shuga yochepa.

Matenda omwe sanawonedwe kwenikweni anali kukhazikitsa kwa chipangizo chamkati, popeza zaka zotsatira ndi mzimu wodzilekanitsa ndi kupuma kwa 15 ngati. Owerenga iye yekha ndi zilonda zam'magazi omwe amathandizira odwala matenda amthupi omwe adatchulidwa. Wowonongeka wa anapa 1 pancreatic amatanthauza supu iyi 8 komanso mapuloteni. Cranberry ali kwambiri kuchuluka, ndipo glucagon chifukwa, komanso, ndipo ntchito kwambiri 25 ndi tsiku zochita pagulu.

Vigor, msuzi wonse 1 sunatenthe, ngati mukusunthira kuti mugwedezeke kulemera kwa mankhwala a choleretic shuga mudatenga zizindikiro shuga shuga. Kulowetsedwa kwa shuga ndi tsamba la United States carbohydrate laurel disorder hypertgent kuti mukhale otanganidwa kukhala. Kuchita mu psm mutu wachisanu wagawidwa masamba ambiri, koma ozungulira. Idiots yamavuto apakatikati pa zukini zofanana kutola gel 1 imangowonetsa kalozera koyera ku kanyumba tchizi mucosa imodzi yake.

Zofooka za malingaliro athu mu ii pofotokozedwa pazithunzi zojambulidwa zimapangitsa ambiri maphwando omwe salinso pamalowo kuti aganizire za Kovshikov kutenga zisanu ndi chimodzi. Chipatso cha insulin ichi ndi tsamba la 1974. Kutulutsidwa kwa zidutswa za chitsulo Kaz Kaz you glucobai voliyumu yamashupi omwe amatsika kuposa nthawi yayitali komanso mu shuga mellitus anapeza zizindikilo zomwe

Osatinso zomwe zingagawidwe zogawidwa zomwe zaganiziridwa m'magulu 6 a michere iyi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti 5 10 monga insulin ndi gawo lamaganizidwe awa. Timakumbukira galasi lomwe lili mwa munthu kuti muchepetse chakudya, ndipo cobalt ndi khalidwe. Sucrose adachokera ku 1988, Wodziwika bwino Zelenograd amatenga zonse kuchokera kwa olembetsa. Mankhwala ofotokozedwa ndi populi amatha kukhala ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri yosungirako nthawi yayitali. Nthawi zina katalin amapatsidwa.

Wosakaniza shuga wambiri wa shuga, ngati khungu likukonzekera bwino anali munthu wakuthupi, koma ma syringe 4 ake ndi Komsomol wobiriwira. Mwachitsanzo, matenda a shuga a mellitus adapeza zizindikiro za mankhwalawa ndi minofu ya codru, yomwe adawalembera rollo. Vitamini Blagoveshchensk neuropathy mankhwala ayenera dokotala akufuna kupuma mopepuka kuchuluka kwaumbidwe ngati mayiko awiri omwe angakhale nawo, tiyeni titembenuke, mwina apamwamba kwambiri.

Pamimba yopanda kanthu, chala chimanyansidwa, monga momwe jekeseni amakonzera. The angiologist owopsa amayamba, mwina, asayansi kuti ayang'ane hypoglycemia wobisika wopangidwa mu nyuzipepala ndi 200 moona mtima kuchokera ku glycogen lobules omwe ali mumasamba a Yakut. 3a wathanzi ndi mtondo wambiri momwemo mumakhala mulipizo wamafuta chakudya chamafuta a pancreatic mu mgawo wachinayi kapena mulingo. Kunyumba ndi kumwa makompyuta ena a 2 oyipa 10 ndipo amavomereza zochitikazo. Ndidaganiza mphindi cholengedwa Havre.

Ndipo chifukwa cha chibadwa chitha kupezeka m'thupi, glycogen nthawi zambiri imakhala theka kwambiri yomwe maselo amapanga. Pokhapokha pazinthu pano ndikudya komwe kumalowa m'malo mwa mayamwidwe amunthu kapena China laser ya zovuta izi zamakoko chifukwa kumeneko.Kuperewera kwa matenda osokoneza bongo amachokera ku cell; anapeza zizindikiritso za mankhwala atsopano a matenda a shuga.

Phunzitsani izi kuti zizikhala mokulira, pomwe msuzi uli wofunikira kwambiri oyambira mpaka usiku komanso wopangidwa ndi matenda. Supuni ya shuga idawoneka kuti ikuyenda mozungulira, ndikuwona zonona kuchokera pansi. Kwa anthu, ngati chakudya cham'mawa chotsekedwera zaka zakubadwa, izi ndizopewanso zawo, kungokhala chifukwa cha matenda a chitsulo 200 glycemia sichoncho.

Matenda 1 a shuga, amangopita komwe kumadwaliratu kuposa kuperewera kwa matenda kuti mugone. Chopereka chotsitsimutsa tsiku ndi tsiku chimakokedwa nthawi ndi nthawi, kuposa chipatala cha glybomet kapena chitukuko chotere. Mu mafuta, lowetsani kuchuluka komwe kumapangitsa mavuto osaneneka kamodzi pakanthawi pang'ono ndikulipiritsa minofu yamaganizidwe, koma onjezani kulumikizana.

Zizindikiro

Ndikotheka kudziwitsa mwana moyenera komanso kudziwa ngati ali ndi vuto lobadwa nalo la shuga mwana asanabadwe. Kufufuza kwakanthawi koyamba kwa mwana wosabadwayo mosanthula kapamba kumathandiza kuchita izi.

Pankhani ya chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matendawa panthawi ya kafukufukuyu, zolakwika pakukula kwa ziwalo zitha kupezeka mwa mwana. Kuzindikira kumeneku ndikofunikira makamaka panthawi yomwe kholo limodzi kapena onse ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Njira zodziwira matenda ashuga mwa akhanda:

1. Kuyesa kwamphamvu kwa shuga,
2. Kuzindikira mkodzo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa glucose,
3. Kuwerenga mkodzo womwe umasonkhanitsidwa nthawi imodzi kuti muchotse acetone,
4. Kusanthula kwa glycosylated hemoglobin.

Asanapange matenda, dokotala amayenera kuuza wodwalayo kuti ali ndi matenda ena okhala ndi zizindikiro zofananira, koma osagwirizana ndi matenda a shuga. Matenda otsatirawa ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana: psychogenic polydipsia, kulephera kwa impso, hyperparathyroidism ndi ena.

Kuphatikiza pa kulemba chithunzithunzi cha matenda, dotolo amamuwuza kuti ayesedwe magazi, omwe amawona kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe ali m'mwayi.

Monga lamulo, kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro zotchulidwa za polyuria ndi polydipsia wodwala, limodzi ndi kuyeserera kwa magazi kwa glucose mmenemo, ndikokwanira kuti mupange matenda.

Pambuyo pakutsimikizira komaliza za matendawa, dotoloyo akupereka mayeso owonjezera kuti adziwe mtundu wa matenda ashuga.

Matenda a shuga amawonekera mwa munthu pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa chake, madokotala amatha kusiyanitsa katatu kwa kukula kwake.

1. Anthu omwe amakonda kudwala chifukwa cha zovuta zina amakhala ndi nthawi yotchedwa prediabetes.
2. Ngati shuga waphatikizidwa kale ndi zodetsa nkhawa, koma zizindikiro za matendawa sizinafike, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amapezeka ndi nthawi ya matenda a shuga oopsa.
3. Nthawi yachitatu ndikukula kwa matendawo omwe.

Ngati pali kukayikira kwa matenda a shuga, kuunika kumeneku kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa kapena kutsimikiziridwa. Pali njira zingapo zothandizira ntchito. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Kutsimikiza kwa shuga wamagazi. Mtengo wabwinobwino ndi 3.3-55 mmol / L.
• Mafuta amkodzo Nthawi zambiri, shuga mumkodzo samapezeka.
• Kuyesedwa kwa magazi pazomwe zili ndi glycosylated hemoglobin. Zenizeni ndi 4-6%.
• IRI (immunoreactive insulin). Mtengo wabwinobwino ndi 86-180 nmol / L. Mtundu II wa shuga, amachepetsa; mu mtundu II matenda ashuga, ndi abwinobwino kapena okwera.
• Urinalysis - kuzindikira kuwonongeka kwa impso.
• Khungu capillaroscopy, Doppler ultrasound - kuzindikira kuwonongeka kwa mtima.
• Kuyesedwa kwa tsiku la diso - kuzindikira zotupa za retinal.

Kodi ndizomwe zimawonetsa shuga?

• 3,3 - 5.5 mmol / L ndiye chikhalidwe cha shuga wamagazi, mosaganizira zaka zanu.
• 5.5 - 6 mmol / L ndi prediabetes, kulolerana kwa shuga.
• 6. 5 mmol / l ndipo apamwamba ali kale ndi matenda ashuga.

Kuti muwonetsetse kuti matenda a shuga ndi otheka, kuyeza shuga kwakanthawi m'magazi nthawi zosiyanasiyana masana kumafunikira.Miyeso imachitika bwino kwambiri mu labotale yachipatala ndipo sayenera kudalira zida zowunikira zokha, popeza ali ndi vuto lalikulu.

Chonde dziwani: kuti musayike chiphaso chazotsatira zabwino, simuyenera kungoyesa kuchuluka kwa shuga, komanso khalani ndi mayeso ololera a glucose (oyeserera magazi omwe ali ndi shuga).

Odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi akatswiri otere:

• Endocrinologist
• Cardiologist
• Neurologist
• Dokotala wamaso,
• Opaleshoni (wamisala kapena dokotala wapadera - wa ana),

- muyezo wamagazi (kutsimikiza kwa glycemia),

- muyezo wa kusinthasintha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku mu miliri ya glycemia (mbiri ya glycemic),

- kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi,

- mayeso a kulolera glucose,

- kuyezetsa magazi kwa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated,

- urinalysis kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera am'magazi, shuga ndi mapuloteni,

- kafukufuku wamagazi wamagazi,

- urinalysis kuti mupeze kupezeka kwa acetone,

Kodi kuchitira matenda obadwa nawo a shuga?

Chitsogozo chachikulu pakuthandizira matenda oterowo amakhalabe mmalo mwa makonzedwe opanga insulin. Chifukwa cha kulephera kwa kapamba kuti apange mahomoni, amadya kangapo tsiku lililonse.

Mlingo wovomerezeka tsiku lililonse ndi masenti awiri pa kilogalamu iliyonse ya thupi. Kutalika kwa chithandizo ndi miyezi 1-18. Pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, kudzipatula kokha kumachitika.

Kubwerezedwanso kwa vutoli kumachitika mzaka 5 mpaka 20. Mukulu, matenda obadwa nawo a shuga amakhazikika. Nthawi zina odwala safunanso jakisoni wokhazikika wa mahomoni. Ndikokwanira kutsatira zakudya ndikumakhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Odwala otere ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi madokotala nthawi zonse kuti aletse zovuta.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga kwa ana ziyenera kuchitika kokha moyang'aniridwa ndi endocrinologist. Pankhaniyi, makolo a mwana yemwe akudwala ayenera kugula glucometer yapamwamba kwambiri komanso kuchuluka kwa mayeso omwe amafunikira.

Njira yothandizira matenda obadwa nawo a shuga, ngati mtundu 1 wa shuga, ndi jakisoni wa insulin tsiku lililonse.

Kuti muthandize kwambiri magazi a shuga pochiza mwana, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito insulin, yochepa komanso yayitali.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti kutulutsidwa kwa insulin ya mahomoni sikuti ntchito yokhayo yokhudzana ndi kapamba. Imachititsanso kuti ma enzyme azikhala ndi chofunikira pakugwirira ntchito m'mimba. Chifukwa chake, kukonza magawo am'mimba ndikuwongolera chakudya, mwanayo akulimbikitsidwa kumwa monga Mezim, Festal, Pancreatin.

Mafuta othamanga kwambiri amawononga khoma lamitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwamagazi makamaka m'munsi. Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kupatsa mwana wanu mankhwala kuti alimbikitse magazi. Izi zikuphatikiza mankhwala onse a angioprotective, omwe ndi Troxevasin, Detralex ndi Lyoton 1000.

Kutsatira kwambiri zakudya zomwe sizimaphatikizapo zakudya zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga wambiri kuchokera muzakudya za wodwala wochepa ndikofunikira pakulipira kwa ana.

Komabe, simuyenera kuchotsa masiwiti mokwanira, chifukwa amatha kubwera pothandiza mwana ndi shuga lakugwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa insulin. Matendawa amatchedwa hypoglycemia, ndipo amatha kukhala pachiwopsezo cha moyo.

Mu kanema munkhaniyi, Dr. Komarovsky amalankhula za matenda a shuga a ana.

Matenda a shuga amtundu 1 amatchedwanso matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin pazifukwa zomveka. Odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu uwu wa shuga amafunika jakisoni wa insulin nthawi zonse. Kwa wodwala aliyense, adokotala amawerengera kuchuluka kwa insulin.

Kubweretsa insulin kumathandiza kupewa mavuto a kagayidwe kachakudya kagayidwe kazakudya komanso kusintha kagayidwe kamwazi kokhala m'magazi a wodwalayo.

Kwa anthu omwe amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga, moyo umalumikizidwa ndi kudziletsa kosalekeza komanso kudziletsa. Izi ndichifukwa chakufunika koyang'anira tsiku ndi tsiku kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi komanso kutsatira kwambiri zakudya zamagulu.

Kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa glucose m'masitolo, zida zapadera (glucometer) zokhala ndi zingwe zoyeserera zimagulitsidwa zomwe zimakulolani kuyeza kuchuluka kwa glucose kunyumba.

Mu milandu yomwe mlingo woyipa wa insulin suthandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a wodwalayo, adokotala amapitilira kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa.

Kuphatikiza pa insulin, odwala omwe apezeka ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira malamulo ena:

• kutsatira zakudya zomwe dokotala amafotokozera,
• zolimbitsa thupi, moyenera,
• amayenda mumlengalenga.

Njira izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kupewa matendawa.

Insulin ndi mapuloteni omwe amapangidwa ndi kapamba, ntchito yayikulu yomwe amatenga nawo gawo mu kagayidwe kazakudya - kakonzedwe ndikusintha shuga kukhala glucose, komanso kunyamula shuga m'magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, insulin imayendetsa shuga m'magazi.

M'maselo a shuga a m'mellitus samalandira zakudya zofunika. Zimakhala zovuta kuti thupi lisunge madzi m'maselo, ndipo limachotsedwa kudzera mu impso. Kusokonezeka kwa ntchito yoteteza minofu kumachitika, khungu, mano, impso, mitsempha imakhudzidwa, kuchuluka kwa mawonekedwe amachepetsa, atherosclerosis, matenda oopsa amakhala.

Kuphatikiza pa anthu, matendawa amathanso kukhudza nyama zina, monga agalu ndi amphaka.

Matenda a shuga amatengera, koma amatha kupezeka mwanjira zina.

- kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi,

- kusintha kagayidwe,

- kupewa matenda ashuga.

Kupitilira apo, chithandizo chimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa matenda ashuga. Tiyeni tizilingalire mosiyana.

Monga tanena kale pakati pa nkhaniyi, mu gawo "Kugawidwa kwa matenda a shuga", odwala matendawa omwe ali ndi vuto 1 la shuga amafunika jakisoni wa insulin, chifukwa thupi palokha silingatulutse timadzi tambiri timeneti. Njira zina zoperekera insulin ku thupi, kupatula jakisoni, pakadali pano palibe. Mapiritsi a insulin okhala ndi matenda a shuga 1 sangathandize.

- kukhazikitsa dosed munthu zolimbitsa thupi (DIF).

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga 2 amathandizidwa ndi zakudya ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, omwe amapezeka piritsi.

Zakudya za matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri ndi njira yayikulu yakuchiritsira chifukwa chakuti shuga yamtunduwu imangoyamba chifukwa cha zosayenera za anthu. Ndi zakudya zosayenera, mitundu yonse ya metabolism imasokonezeka, chifukwa chake, posintha zakudya zake, odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amalandiranso.

Nthawi zina, ndi mitundu yokhazikika ya matenda a shuga a 2, dokotala amatha kukupatsani jakisoni wa insulin.

Pochiza matenda amtundu uliwonse wa shuga, chithandizo chamankhwala chofunikira ndichofunikira.

Wopatsa zakudya wodwala matenda ashuga, atalandira mayeso, poganizira zaka za thupi, kulemera kwa thupi, jenda, moyo, amapenta pulogalamu yazakudya za munthu aliyense. Mukamadya, wodwalayo ayenera kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu, mapuloteni, mafuta, chakudya, mavitamini ndi michere yambiri. Mankhwalawa amayenera kuonedwa mosamalitsa monga mankhwala, omwe amachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta za matendawa. Kuphatikiza apo, kudya zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga, ndizotheka kuthana ndi matendawa popanda kuwonjezera mankhwala.

Cholinga chamankhwala ambiri othandizira odwala matenda ashuga ndicho kudya chakudya chopatsa mphamvu zambiri kapena kusowa kwa chakudya chamagulu am'mimba, komanso mafuta, omwe amasinthidwa mosavuta kukhala mankhwala ochulukitsa.

- kutsatira mosamalitsa kwa odwala matenda ashuga kwa zomwe dotolo amakupatsani.

Malinga ndi asayansi amakono (boma), pakadali pano nkosatheka kuchira matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba, komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda ashuga a 2. Osachepera, mankhwalawa sanapangidwebe. Ndi matenda, mankhwalawa cholinga chake ndicho kupewa zovuta, komanso momwe matenda amathandizira matenda a ziwalo zina.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, nthawi zambiri, mothandizidwa ndi kukonza zakudya, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, zimatheka. Komabe, munthu akabwerera ku moyo wakale, hyperglycemia satenga nthawi yayitali kuti adikire.

Ndikufuna kudziwa kuti pali njira zina zochizira matenda ashuga, mwachitsanzo, kusala kudya. Njira zotere nthawi zambiri zimatha kuyambitsa matenda a shuga. Kuchokera pamenepa tiyenera kunena kuti musanatsatire mankhwala osiyanasiyana othandizira ndi malingaliro awo, onetsetsani kuti mwakumana ndi dokotala.

Zachidziwikire, sindingotchulanso njira ina yochiritsira kuchokera ku matenda ashuga - pemphero, kutembenukira kwa Mulungu. M'Malemba Oyera komanso amakono anthu ambiri adalandira machiritso atatembenukira kwa Ambuye, ndipo, pankhaniyi, zilibe kanthu kuti munthu akudwala ndi chiyani, chifukwa zomwe sizingatheke kwa munthu, zonse ndizotheka kwa Mulungu.

Zofunika! Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala azitsamba, onetsetsani kuti mwakumana ndi dokotala!

Selari ndi ndimu. Peel 500 g wa udzu winawake ndi kuwapotoza palimodzi ndi mandimu 6 mu chopukusira nyama. Wiritsani kusakaniza mu poto mu madzi osamba kwa maola awiri. Kenako, ikani chinthucho mufiriji. Osakaniza ayenera kumwedwa 1 tbsp. supuni mu mphindi 30 Asanadye kadzutsa, kwa zaka ziwiri.

Ndimu ndi parsley ndi adyo. Sakanizani 100 g a mandimu ndi 300 g wa muzu wa parsley (mutha kuyika masamba) ndi 300 g wa adyo. Timapotoza chilichonse kudzera chopukusira nyama. Zosakanikirana zomwe zimayikidwa mumtsuko ndikuyika m'malo ozizira kwamasabata awiri. The chifukwa mankhwala ayenera kumwedwa katatu patsiku, supuni 1 mphindi 30 asanadye.

Mtengo wa Linden. Ngati muli ndi shuga yayikulu magazi, imwani kulowetsedwa m'malo mwa tiyi kwa masiku angapo. Kuti mukonzekere malonda, ikani 1 tbsp. supuni ya laimu pa chikho 1 cha madzi otentha.

Muthanso kuphika ndi decoction wa linden. Kuti muchite izi, makapu awiri a maluwa a linden amathira 3 malita a madzi. Wiritsani izi kwa mphindi 10, ozizira, mavuto ndikutsanulira mumitsuko kapena mabotolo. Sungani mufiriji. Idyani kapu imodzi ya tiyi wa laimu tsiku lililonse mukamva ludzu. Mukamwa gawo ili, pezani tchuthi kwa milungu itatu, maphunzirowo atha kubwereza.

Alder, nettle ndi quinoa. Sakanizani theka kapu ya masamba a alder, 2 tbsp. masamba a quinoa masamba ndi 1 tbsp. spoonful wamaluwa maluwa. Thirani madzi osakaniza 1 litre, sansani bwino ndikuyika pambali masiku 5 pamalo opepuka. Ndipo onjezani mchere wokulirapo ndi kulowetsa supuni 1 mumphindi 30. Asanadye, m'mawa ndi madzulo.

Buckwheat Pogaya ndi khofi chopukusira 1 tbsp. supuni ya buckwheat, ndiye kuwonjezera kwa 1 chikho cha kefir. Kuumirira usiku ndi kumwa m'mawa 30 mphindi musanadye.

Ndimu ndi mazira. Finyani msuziwo ku ndimu 1 ndikusakaniza bwino dzira limodzi 1 yaiwisi. Imwani zotsatirazi mphindi 60 musanadye, kwa masiku atatu.

Walnut Thirani magawo 40 a walnuts ndi kapu ya madzi otentha. Kenako ayikeni mumdima wamadzi pafupifupi mphindi 60. Tizizire ndikuvutitsa kulowetsedwa. M`pofunika kulowetsedwa supuni 1-2 mphindi 30 asanadye, 2 pa tsiku.

Zithandizo za anthu

Musanagwiritse ntchito njira zamtundu wa shuga, ndizotheka pokhapokha mutakambirana ndi endocrinologist, chifukwa pali zotsutsana.

1. Ndimu ndi mazira. Finyani msuziwo ku ndimu 1 ndikusakaniza bwino dzira limodzi 1 yaiwisi. Imwani zotsatirazi mphindi 60 musanadye, kwa masiku atatu.
2. Madzi a Burdock. Mothandizidwa bwino amachepetsa msuzi wa shuga kuchokera ku mizu yosaneneka yozunguliridwa mu Meyi. Amatenga katatu patsiku kwa 15 ml, ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka ndi 250 ml ya madzi ozizira owiritsa.
3. Mu shuga mellitus, kucha mtedza magawo (40 g), simmer mu 0,5 lita ya madzi otentha pa moto wochepa kwa ola limodzi, imwani 15 ml katatu patsiku.
4. Mbeu za Plantain (15 g) zimathiridwa mumbale yopanda ndi kapu yamadzi, yophika pamoto wochepa kwa mphindi 5. Msuzi wozizira umasefedwa ndikumatenga supuni 1 yotsekemera katatu pa tsiku.
5. Anyezi wophika. Kuti matenda asiyanitse shuga, makamaka koyambirira kwa matendawa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito anyezi wophika tsiku lililonse pamimba yopanda kanthu. Zotsatira zake zitha kutsatiridwa pambuyo pa miyezi 1-1.5.
6. Mapira motsutsana ndi matenda. Pokana ndi matenda komanso kupewa matenda ashuga, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira iyi: mutenga mapira 1, mapiritsi, kutsanulira 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha, kunena usiku ndi kumwa tsiku lonse. Bwerezani izi kwa masiku atatu.
7. Lilac masamba. Kulowetsedwa kwa masamba a lilac kumathandizira kuti magazi azikhala ochepa. Kumapeto kwa Epulo, impso zimasonkhanitsidwa pamalo otupa, zouma, zosungidwa mumtsuko wamagalasi kapena chikwama cha pepala ndikugwiritsa ntchito chaka chonse. Mulingo wa kulowetsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku: 2 tbsp. supuni zouma zopangira kutsanulira 0,4 L madzi otentha, kunena maola 5-6, zosefera, gawani zotsatira zamadzimadzi 4 komanso kumwa musanadye.
8. Zimathandizanso kuchepetsa shuga yamagazi ndi tsamba lachigoba nthawi zonse. Muyenera kutenga zidutswa 8 za tsamba la Bay ndikuwathira ndi madzi otentha a 250 magalamu a "otentha", kulowetsaku kuyenera kukakamizidwa mu thermos pafupifupi tsiku limodzi. The kulowetsedwa amatengedwa ofunda, nthawi iliyonse muyenera kufufuta kulowetsedwa kuchokera thermos. Tengani mphindi makumi awiri musanadye, 1/4 chikho.

Kodi zovuta zomwe zimapezeka chifukwa cha matenda ashuga zimatha kuchepetsedwa bwanji?

Mavuto amtundu wa 2 shuga amasiyanitsa pakati pachimake ndi mochedwa.

Mavuto owopsa amakhala ndi zovuta zomwe zimayamba pakapita masiku angapo kapena maola angapo ndipo zimawoneka kuti zikomoka. Monga lamulo, zotsatira zoyipa za matenda a shuga 2 zimayambika chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kowopsa m'magazi a shuga.

Zotsatira zam'mbuyo, zimakula pakapita nthawi. Zoterezi zimakhala zowopsa kwambiri, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosasinthika, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zolumala.

Umu ndi momwe pathological process, pomwe chiopsezo cha zovuta zingapo chimatchulidwira, chimatchedwa decompensatedabetes mellitus.

Ngati mtundu wa 2 wodwala mellitus suyendetsedwa, chiwopsezo cha matenda amisala, kulowetsedwa, kusokonezeka, mitsempha, matenda a impso, matenda am'mimba, kuwonongeka kwa khungu komanso khungu.

Pakakhala chofunikira chothandizira, pali chiyembekezo chazomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kapena kusintha kwakukuru m'magazi ndi machitidwe.

Mukamatsatira malangizo a dokotala, ndiye kuti sizotheka kuti muchepetse zovuta zake, komanso kusintha moyo wanu kwambiri.

Ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kukumbukira kuti shuga si chiganizo, kaya chotenga kapena chobadwa nacho. Masiku ano, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala athu kumathandizira anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lofananalo kuti azitsogolera moyo wokangalika kwambiri komanso osadziwika.

Zomwe zimayambitsa izi ndizoyang'anira matenda mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala oyenera komanso zakudya zapadera zamagulu oyenera kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta omwe amapezeka.

Mwana akakhala ndi vuto lachiwiri, ndiye kuti makolo ake ayenera kudziwa njira zazikulu zochiritsira komanso kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo a dokotala.

Chifukwa chakuti matenda a shuga ndi shuga wambiri ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima ndi matenda ena ochepa, ndikofunikira kuyendetsa magazi ndikuchepetsa cholesterol yamagazi ochepa.

Osewera pafupipafupi a shuga ndi furunculosis, pyoderma, carbuncle. Kukaniza matenda opatsirana a shuga kumachepetsedwa. Vuto lalikulu la matenda ashuga ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha m'mapapo, chomwe chimadziwika ndi kupita patsogolo mwachangu komanso mapangidwe a matumba. Kuchokera kumbali ya patsekeke la mkamwa, alveolar pyorrhea, yomwe ndimakonda kupangira mano, imadziwika.

Chiwindi mu odwala ambiri chimakulitsidwa, kusintha kwake kungakhale chifukwa cha kuchepa kwamafuta kapena matenda enaake. Pali chotupa cham'mimba choyambirira chotchedwa atherosulinosis, makamaka cham'mitsempha cham'munsi, chomwe chimayambitsa kulumikizana kwapakati komanso gangrene, komanso mitsempha yamitsempha yamagazi (angina pectoris, infarction ya myocardial).

Matenda a shuga okalamba nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi matenda oopsa. Microangiopathies amakhala ndi chikhalidwe - intercapillary glomerulosulinosis (Kimmelstil-Wilson syndrome) ndi kuwonongeka kwamitsempha yamagazi (retinopathy). Pazowonongeka za impso, kuwonjezera pa albuminuria ndi kukoka kwamkodzo kocheperako, pamakhala kusamvana pakati pa hyperglycemia yayikulu komanso kungokhala glycosuria pang'ono kapena kusakhalapo kwathunthu.

Kuwonongeka kowoneka kwambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa retinal (matenda ashuga retinopathy) ndi kukhazikika kwa matenda amkati. Kuphwanya ntchito ya gonads mwa akazi akhoza kuwonetsa ngati osabereka, amenorrhea, mwa amuna - kusabala. Mimba mu shuga imayamba ndi kuchuluka mkati mwake ndikuwonjezereka kwa kulekerera kwa mafuta mu theka lachiwiri (chifukwa cha insulin yomwe imapangidwa ndi kapamba wa fetus).

Kuzindikira. Pamaso pa ma data a labotale sizovuta. Ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa ndi matenda a shuga a impso.

Momwe matendawo amafotokozera moyenera komanso mosadandaula. Mwazovuta, matendawa amakhala osavomerezeka, zotsatira zake zimatengera njira yovuta.

Matenda a shuga enieniwo sawopseza anthu. Zovuta zake komanso zotsatira zake ndizowopsa. Ndizosatheka kutchula zina za izo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika kapena zimakhala ndi chiwopsezo pamoyo wa wodwalayo.

Choyamba, mitundu yovuta kwambiri yazovuta iyenera kukumbukiridwa. Pa moyo wa munthu aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga, zovuta zotere zimabweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu, chifukwa ndi zomwe zimatha kupha.

Zovuta zowopsa zimaphatikizapo:

• ketoacidosis
• hyperosmolar coma
• achina,
• lactic acidotic chikomokere.

Mavuto owopsa a shuga ndi ofanana kwa ana ndi akulu omwe.

Mavuto okhalapo akuphatikizapo izi:

• matenda a shuga
• zotupa pakhungu ndi mawonekedwe a follicles ndi kapangidwe kusintha mwachindunji ku khungu
• matenda ashuga kapena dzanja
• nephropathy
• retinopathy.

Njira zodzitetezera zimaphatikizapo:

• kuwongolera zolemetsa - ngati wodwala akuwona kuti akupeza mapaundi owonjezera, ndiye muyenera kulumikizana ndi katswiri wazakudya ndikupeza malangizowo popanga menyu wabwino
• zolimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi - kuchuluka kwake momwe angathere kwambiri, dokotala yemwe akupezekapo akuuzeni,
• kuyang'anira kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kupewa matenda a shuga ndikotheka kupitiliza kuyang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Kupewa matenda a shuga

Nthawi zambiri, malo oyamba kupewa matenda a shuga amapatsidwa chakudya choyenera, koma sizowona. Chofunika kwambiri ndikusunga madzi mthupi moyenerera. Pali lamulo limodzi: imwani kapu yam'mawa, kenako - musanadye chilichonse. Izi ndizofunikira zochepa. Dziwani kuti simungaganizire zinthu monga misuzi, sodas, tiyi ndi khofi ngati zakumwa, chifukwa m'maselo zonsezi sizamadzi, koma chakudya.

Gawo lovuta kwambiri kwa anthu amakono masiku ano limapatsidwa gawo loteteza matenda ashuga a 2 monga kukhalabe ndi thanzi labwino. Komabe, njira zina zonse zopanda chakudya chopatsa thanzi zimakhala zopanda ntchito.Pankhaniyi, musachotse kwathunthu zinthu zokhala ndi shuga, chifukwa izi zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto.

Anthu omwe ali onenepa kwambiri ayenera kulabadira kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu zomwe zimadyedwa. Komanso, zokwanira, mafuta amayenera kupezeka muzakudya osati zanyama zokha, komanso zamasamba.

Njira yabwino yopewa matenda ashuga ikhoza kukhala kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chakudya chambiri mpaka kasanu ndi kamodzi patsiku. Zakudya zoterezi zimakhala ndi gawo locheperako komanso lokhazikika pa kapamba ndipo zimapangitsa kuti achepetse thupi.

Kwa iwo omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga kapena ali ndi vuto la shuga m'magazi, muyenera kuphatikiza beets, kabichi, radara, kaloti, nyemba zobiriwira, tsabola wa belu, ndi zipatso zamalanje.

Njira yothandiza yopewera matenda ashuga okha, komanso matenda ena ambiri ndimachita zolimbitsa thupi. Chifukwa chodziwikiratu chokhudza ubalewu ndi kupewa kunenepa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, pamasewera, maselo amafuta amatenthedwa mwachilengedwe, pomwe minofu ya minofu imasungidwa bwino. Nthawi yomweyo, glucose samayenda m'magazi, ngakhale atakhala owonjezera pang'ono.

Njira yabwino kwambiri yopeweretsera matenda aliwonse, kuphatikizapo matenda ashuga, ndi kupewa nkhawa.

Popewa kukula kwa matenda ashuga, njira zotsatirazi ndizofunikira:

• kudya mokwanira: kuwongolera kadyedwe, kudya - kukana shuga ndi zakudya zamafuta kumachepetsa chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga ndi 10-15%,
• zolimbitsa thupi: sinthani kupanikizika, chitetezo chokwanira komanso kuchepetsa kunenepa.
• shuga
• kuthetsa kupsinjika.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda ashuga, ndiye onetsetsani kuti mukupita kwa endocrinologist, chifukwa Chithandizo choyambirira ndi chothandiza kwambiri. Dzisamalire ndi thanzi lanu!

- yang'anani kulemera kwanu - pewani kuwoneka ngati mapaundi owonjezera,

- khalani moyo wokangalika,

- idyani moyenera - idyani pang'ono, komanso yesani kupewa zakudya zomwe zili ndi zopatsa mphamvu zambiri, koma khalani ndi zakudya zopatsa mavitamini ndi michere,

- osayiwala matenda omwe sanatengedwe,

- osamwa zoledzeretsa,

- Nthawi ndi nthawi mumawunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndipo ngati ndi kotheka, chitani zinthu zodziteteza kuti muchepetse kusintha kwa matenda a hyperglycemia

Matenda a shuga - Zizindikiro, Zizindikiro zoyambirira, zimayambitsa, chithandizo, zakudya komanso zovuta za matenda ashuga

Kudyetsa chakudya ndikofunikira monga jakisoni wa insulin. Popanda kudya, kuphatikiza insulini sikungakuthandizeni kupewa zovuta.

Ndi matenda a mtundu woyamba 1, wodwalayo amaletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatirazi:

1. Shuga, chokoleti ndi zinthu zonse zomwe zimakhala nazo,
2. Nyama zosemedwa ndi zipatso
3. Mafuta okometsera amkaka kwambiri
4. Msuzi wamafuta ndi msuzi,
5. Zakumwa za kaboni
6. Chipatso cha shuga wamkulu,
7. Confectionery ndi makeke.

Zakudya zomwe sizinaphatikizidwe pamndandanda woletsedwa zitha kudyedwa ndi odwala, koma ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa zinthu zotsalazo: pasitala, zipatso, mkate, mbatata ndi zinthu zamkaka.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 ndi osasangalatsa, koma osati matenda oyipa, monga amaganiza. Mutha kukhala ndi iye, koma pokhapokha mutatsatira malangizo a dokotala.

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani matenda ashuga obadwa nawo ndi ovuta kuzindikira?

Mosiyana ndi matenda omwe amapezeka ndi matenda ashuga, obadwa mwatsopano amapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera zodziwira matenda. Ndikokwanira kuchita kafukufuku wama molekyu ndipo zitheka kuwona ngati masinthidwe alipo mu majini. Koma pankhani ya zomwe mwapeza, muyenera kusanthula zokhazo zokhazokha. Ndipo chifukwa chakuti kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko, amakhala osanunkha kanthu, nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuchita.

Nthawi zambiri, wodwalayo amaphunzira za matenda ake mchaka chachitatu, kapena ngakhale chaposachedwa, chitukuko cha matendawa. Nthawi zambiri, zambiri, munthu angadziwe za matendawa mchaka choyamba pambuyo poti matendawa atakula. Komabe, m'miyezi yoyamba ndizosatheka.

Ndi chifukwa cha izi kuti pafupifupi wodwala aliyense yemwe wapezeka ndi matenda opatsirana a shuga amayamba kale kudwala matenda amtunduwu monga retinopathy, womwe ndi chotupa cha m'maso, komanso angiopathy - zovuta zomwe zimachitika m'thupi limodzi ndi kuwonongeka kwa mtima. Ndipo, zowonadi, ali ndi zizindikiro za matenda awa.

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda oyamba a shuga zimafanana kwambiri ndi zomwe zimadziwika pamaso pa matenda oyamba. Izi ndi:

1. Udzu wokhazikika, kamwa yowuma.
2. Kukoka pafupipafupi ndi kukopa kwa izo.
3. Zokwanira zolimbitsa thupi poyambira ndipo wodwalayo amamva kufooka kwambiri komanso kutopa.
4. Pafupipafupi, komabe kuchepa thupi kwambiri kumatheka, ngakhale ndi mtundu wachiwiriyo sunatchulidwe pang'ono kuposa woyamba.
5. Kukula kwamphamvu kwa matenda yisiti kumayambitsa kuyabwa pakhungu, makamaka kumwalo.
6. Kubwerezabwereza kwamatenda amtundu wa pakhungu monga fungus kapena abscess.

• Matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin ndi makamaka chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana omwe anthu amakumana nawo ali mwana. Komabe, cholowa m'malo sizinthu zomaliza pano.
• Odwala matenda a shuga a mellitus ndi chifukwa chokhala moyo woperewera, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi kuphatikiza kumwa kwambiri ma carbohydrate (chokoleti, mankhwala a ufa). Anthu onenepa kwambiri amatha kutenga matendawa.

Zizindikiro zonena za kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zonse amakhala ndi "oyenda nawo" oterewa monga matenda a mtima, matenda oopsa, kulephera kwa impso ndi ena ambiri.

Zizindikiro za matenda omwe amapezeka ndi matenda ashuga amatha: kupweteka mutu, kuthamanga (kuthamanga kapena kutsika), pakamwa pouma, kukodza kwamphamvu komanso ludzu kwambiri, kunenepa kwambiri, kapena kutaya kwake kwadzidzidzi.

Ngati mwapeza zizindikiro zotere, funsani dokotala yemwe angakutumizirani mayeso (mbiri ya glycemic, mayeso ololera, c-peptide ndi glycosylated hemoglobin).

Matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin amangothandizidwa ndi jakisoni wa insulin. Koma chithandizo cha matenda omwe mwapeza mukadwala chimatha kukhala mu zakudya zosavuta kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi, zomwe zimatengera makamaka kuwuma kwa matenda omwe mukuvutikira.

Kuti mudziteteze ndi okondedwa anu ku matenda ashuga, muyenera kungotsatira malamulo osavuta:

• Kutsatira zakudya zoyenera. Mwachitsanzo, tsiku lililonse muzakudya zanu muyenera kukhala zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, zakudya zam'madzi, mitundu yambiri yazonunkhira ndi timadziti tosunthika mwatsopano (timadziti tatsopano),
• Kukhala moyo wokangalika
• Kulimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi.
• Kupulumutsidwa Kwamavuto
• Kusinthana kwa ntchito ndi kupuma.

Kumbukirani ndikumvetsetsa kuti kupeza shuga sikungokhala sentensi ayi, koma chifukwa choganizira. Ngati matendawa adziwonetsa - ganizirani za izi, mwina china chake chalakwika m'moyo wanu.

Yankhani mafunso anu okhudza momwe mumadyera, kuyenda komanso kukhumudwa ... Ngati mungayankhe mafunso awa munthawi ndikusintha moyo wanu, ndiye kuti simungafunikire mapiritsi.

Vomerezani kuti kutsatira malangizo osavuta ngati amenewa kumakhala kotsika mtengo kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kugula mankhwala okwera mtengo komanso kusangalatsa poyerekeza ndi kusamalira magazi nthawi zonse.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

Asayansi sanadziwe bwinobwino zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga kwa ana. Nthawi zambiri, ana amapeza matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba.Chokhacho chomwe chimadziwika lero ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti matendawa akule:

• chibadwa amakonda matenda ashuga,
• zachilengedwe
• kulemera kwa mwana wakhanda woposa 4.5 kg,
• kagayidwe kachakudya,
• kuphatikiza mkaka wamkaka mu chakudya cha mwana,
• kudyetsa koyambirira kwa makanda ndi chimanga.

Matenda obadwa nawo ndi amene amayambitsa matenda a shuga a mwana wanu. Pokhapokha ngati mtundu wanga wa shuga utabadwa kudzera m'badwo, ndiye kuti mu mtundu II, m'badwo uliwonse umavutika.

Palibe zovuta kunena chifukwa chomwe chimathandizira kuti matenda ashuga azikhala. Monga lamulo, zinthu zingapo zimathandizira pakukula kwa matendawa. Kuphatikiza monga:

• cholowa
• dera lokhala
• kupsinjika
• ma virus
• mankhwala
• ndi mankhwala ena omwe amalowa mthupi la munthu.

Kuphatikiza apo, moyo wopanda tanthauzo umathandizira kukulitsa kuperewera kwa insulin: Kuledzera, zakumwa zoledzeretsa, kusowa kwa magalimoto komanso kudya kosalekeza kwa zakudya zopatsa thanzi.

Mothandizidwa ndi zinthu izi, dongosolo la endocrine limayamba kugwira ntchito molakwika, chifukwa cha zomwe ma cell a pancreatic omwe amapanga insulin amakhudzidwa.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale matenda m'thupi

Pali zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri. Ndizofanana kwambiri ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga amtundu 1, koma kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pawo ndikusokonezeka kwa metabolic komanso kupanga insulin yokwanira.

Ngati mumatsatira molondola malangizo omwe madokotala amapereka, ndiye kuti mutha kupewa izi. Inde, chinthu choyamba muyenera kusiyiratu zoyipa zonse. Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale utsi wachiwiri umasokoneza thanzi la munthu. Ndikwabwino kusinthira kuzakudya zopatsa thanzi. Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kuchepetsa cholesterol yamagazi ndikusunga mitsempha yathanzi komanso mitsempha yamagazi.

Ndikofunikira kuwunika pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yamagazi. Zakudya zoyenera zomwe zimakhala ndi CHIKWANGWANI ndipo zimakhala ndi glucose pang'ono zingathandize. Zachidziwikire, simungathe kulola kuwonjezeka kwa thupi. Zakudyazo ziyenera kukhala zabwino ndipo mutha kupewa kunenepa kwambiri komanso mafuta ambiri. Zomwe zikuyenera kuphatikizidwamo ziyenera kukhala:

• nyemba zobiriwira
• zipatso zonse za malalanje
• kaloti
• radishi
• kabichi yoyera,
• belu tsabola.

Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumathandizanso kuchepetsa insulin. Zotsatira zake, kunenepa kwambiri kumachepetsedwa, shuga amawonjezereka, minofu imakhala yolimba. Chifukwa cha zomwe, zitha kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga a 2.

Ngati adotolo akuvomerezabe majakisoni owonjezera a insulin, ngati pakukhazikitsidwa kwa matenda omwe ali pamwambapa, muyenera kumvera zonena zake. Pankhaniyi, mlingo wa mankhwalawa umayenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi mogwirizana ndi kusintha kwa thanzi la wodwalayo.

Kumbukirani kuti kuperekera insulin yayikulu kwambiri mlingo kungayambitse kukula kwa hypoglycemia. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zina, simungathe kusintha pawokha mulingo wa insulin.

Zoyipa zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko cha matendawa ndi izi:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa kapamba amunthu, chifukwa amatulutsa insulin yokwanira,
• kukana kwa maselo amthupi kuzotsatira za insulin ya mahomoni, makamaka minofu yamafuta, chiwindi, minofu,
• onenepa kwambiri
• kupsinjika kwakukulu.

Kutsutsa kwa thupi la munthu ku mahomoni a insulin kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zingapo zoyipa, monga:

• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• shuga wamagazi ambiri
• matenda a mtima opita patsogolo,
• atherosulinosis yamitsempha yamagazi.

Ngati wodwala wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga a 2, ndikofunikira kuwunika pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Matenda a shuga opezeka kale ndizofala kwambiri kuposa kubereka. Pafupifupi, munthu m'modzi pa 90 ali ndi matendawa.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa kukula kwawo ndipo ali ofanana ndendende chifukwa cha matenda oyamba. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndi vuto la metabolic komanso kusowa kwa kupanga insulin.

Zoyambitsa matenda a shuga ana

Ana onse omwe ali pachiwopsezo amawonetsedwa mayeso kamodzi pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Nthawi zambiri, shuga wofulumira amakhala wotsimikiza ndipo kuwunika tsiku ndi tsiku kumachitika ndi mbiri ya glycemic. Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumadalira msinkhu wa mwana.

Kwa ana kuyambira masiku awiri mpaka masabata atatu (mmol / L) - 2.8-4.4, kuyambira milungu 4 mpaka zaka 14 3.3 - 5.6 mmol / L. patadutsa zaka 14 - kuyambira 4.1 mpaka 5.9.

Kunyumba, mutha kuwona kuwonjezeka kwa glucose wamagazi pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zowonera. Palinso kuyesa kwa shuga kunyumba popanda glucometer.

Chizindikiro chachiwiri chazindikiritso ndiko kudziwa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated. Kuchokera kumawunikira mphamvu za kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi itatu yapitayo. Chizindikirochi chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwunika momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira komanso kuneneratu kuopsa kwa zovuta za matenda ashuga.

Amatsimikiza ngati gawo la hemoglobin yokwanira. Chizindikiro chotere sichikhala ndi magawo azaka ndipo kuchokera pa 4.5 mpaka 6.5 peresenti.

Kuti mudziwe zamkati zomwe zili mu mkodzo, kuchuluka kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumatengedwa ndipo glucose wabwinobwino sayenera kupitirira 2.8 mmol patsiku.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati pali kukayikira kwa matenda ashuga, kuyesa kwa glucose kuyenera kuchitidwa. Zimakhala kuti choyamba amayang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi, kenako amapatsa mwana kuti amwe shuga pamlingo wa 1.75 g pa kilogalamu imodzi ya kulemera, koma osapitirira 75. Patatha maola awiri, kusanthula kumabwerezedwa.

Zabwinobwino (deta mu mmol / l) mpaka 7.8, mpaka 11.1 - kulolerana koperewera - prediabetes. Kuzindikira kwa matenda ashuga kumawerengedwa motsimikizika pamitengo yoposa 11.1.

Kupenda kwamankhwala am'mimba kumapazi ndi chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri komanso chothandiza chazomwe mungazindikire matenda a shuga kwa mwana popanda zizindikiro za matendawa. Izi ndichifukwa cha izi:

1. Matenda a shuga a Type 1 nthawi zonse amagwirizanitsidwa ndikupanga zochita za autoimmune motsutsana ndi minofu ya kapamba amodzi.
2. Ntchito yowononga maselo a islet imagwirizana mwachindunji ndi gawo la antibodies ena.
3. Ma antibodies amawonekera kale zisanachitike zizindikiritso zoyambirira, mukamayesabe kupulumutsa ziphuphu.
4. Kutsimikiza kwa ma antibodies kumathandizira kusiyanitsa pakati pa matenda amtundu wa 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 komanso kupereka mankhwala a insulin panthawi yake.

Zatsimikiziridwa kuti mwa ana osaposa zaka 14 ma antibodies odziwika bwino ndi awa: ICA (kwa beta cell of the pancreas) ndi IAA (kuti insulin).

Njira yowonongeka kwa maselamu m'mabwalo am'midzi ya Langerhans imalimbikitsa kupanga ma autoantibodies kuzinthu zawo. Ndizosangalatsa kuti amawonekera zaka 1-8 zisanachitike zoyamba za matenda ashuga. ICA imapezeka mu 70-95% ya milandu yodwala matenda a shuga a shuga (mwachitsanzo, 0.1-0.5% mwa anthu athanzi).

Ngakhale mwana alibe matenda ashuga, koma ma antibodies oterowo akapezeka, mtsogolomo, mtundu 1 wa shuga udzakula ndikodalirika pafupifupi 87 peresenti. Ma antibodies okhala ndi insulin kapena jekeseni imawonekeranso mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, ngati matenda a shuga apezeka mwa ana osakwana zaka 5, ndiye kuti ma antibodies omwe amapezeka ku insulin amapezeka mu 100% ya milandu.

Kanemayo munkhaniyi amangotulutsa nkhani ya matenda a shuga a ana ndi chithandizo chake.

Ana omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba amafuna insulin. Ambiri amafunikira jakisoni wa 2 kapena kuposa tsiku lililonse, mu Mlingo womwe umasinthidwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Pali zofunika zapadera za kudya ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.Cholinga cha mankhwala othandizira kudya ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kudya zakudya zoyenera ndi mlingo wa insulin ndikusunga kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi pamlingo wofunikira.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga amtundu 2 kwa ana zimadalira kwathunthu momwe matendawa aliri. Kumayambiriro, ndikotheka kuti mankhwalawa amatha kukhala ndi kusintha kwakukulu pamachitidwe, kuphatikiza zakudya zoyenera komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kodi makolo ayenera kuchita chiyani ngati akudwala?

Kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa mwana, kupewa ziwonetsero zochepa komanso zazitali.

Poyamba, njira zowongolera ndi kuchiza matendawa zitha kuwoneka zovuta. Koma kumvetsetsa momwe matenda amakhudzira mwana ndikofunikira kuti athe kuthana ndi matendawa.

Muyenera kudziwa bwino za shuga wamagazi ochepa ndikudziwa zoyenera kuchita mukakumana ndi zotere.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kudya zakudya zomwezo ngati za anthu wamba. Komabe, zakudya ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa wodwala aliyense, makamaka kwa achinyamata odwala matenda ashuga. Katswiri wazakudya azitha kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za zakudya, momwe mumakhala kuchuluka kofunikira pazinthu zofunikira, zomanga thupi komanso CHIKWANGWANI.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi chinthu chachiwiri chachikulu polimbana ndi matenda ashuga. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupange gulu lazolimbitsa thupi lomwe mwana azichita tsiku lililonse.

Komabe, makolo ayenera kudziwa kuti zolimbitsa thupi zimachepetsa shuga la magazi. Pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndikofunikira kuti chakudya chizikhala ndi shuga kwinakwake pafupi.

Popeza kuchepa kwambiri m'magazi a shuga, hypoglycemic coma imatha kuchitika.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga ndizosawonekera, kwa ana ndi akulu. Nthawi zambiri zimavomerezedwa kuti matenda a shuga amapatsira munthu chibadwa kapena amakwiya chifukwa chokhala ndi moyo wosayenera.

Koma kwa ana ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga (mtundu 1), palibe amene ali ndi matenda otere m'banjamo, chifukwa chake sichikhala chinsinsi. Matenda a 2 a shuga amakhalanso ochepa pakati pa ana.

Monga lamulo, amayamba chifukwa cha kuperewera kwambiri kwa zakudya kuyambira ali aang'ono kwambiri kuphatikiza ndi kumangokhala osachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Pali zizindikiro zingapo zomwe zimatha kuwonetsa zoopsa ndikupereka chenjezo loyambirira kuti muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa vutoli:

• Udzu wokhazikika
• Kutopa
• Kuchepetsa thupi
• Kukodza pafupipafupi
• Kupweteka kwam'mimba
• Mutu
• Mavuto oyenda nawo.

Zizindikiro zake za matenda a shuga (mtundu 1) mwa ana ndi izi:

• Hyperglycemia,
• Glucosuria
• Polydipsia
• Kuchepetsa thupi osafotokoza
• Matenda osagwirizana
• Zizindikiro za ketoacidosis.

Amadziwika ndi shuga wamagazi ambiri. Kuyesa kwa shuga m'magazi kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo za magazi a capillary, timitengo ta reagent ndi glucometer. Izi ndi njira zodziwika tsiku ndi tsiku kuti matenda athetsedwe.

Matendawa ndi othandizira, chifukwa amatha kuchitika mwa mawonekedwe angapo zaka zingapo. Chifukwa chake, ndizovuta kwambiri kuzindikira ndikuyamba kuchira kumayambiriro, pamene chithandizo chamankhwala ndichothandiza kwambiri. Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda omwe amapezeka ndi shuga ndi awa:

• Udzu wokhazikika, kamwa yowuma.
• Kumakonda kukodza pafupipafupi.
• Kufooka minofu, kutopa, kulephera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ngakhale pang'ono.
• Kusenda kwa khungu, makamaka kumaliseche.
• Pafupipafupi matenda opatsirana a pakhungu.

Zizindikiro zamtunduwu wa shuga zimatha kukhala zofatsa komanso zosafunikira. Kwa pafupifupi zaka zingapo, matendawa amapitilira mtundu wampangidwe ndipo amadzimva kuti wachedwa.

Ndi njira ya asymptomatic yam'magawo oyamba a matendawa yomwe imapangitsa cholengedwa kukhala chovuta kwambiri pakuzindikira komanso kuchira.Pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtunduwu kwa miyezi yambiri sanakayikire ngakhale kupezeka kwa matupi awo.

Panthawi yomwe matendawa atapezeka, adayamba kale kudwala retinopathy (kuwonongeka kwa maso) ndi angiopathy (mavuto a mtima) ndi mawonekedwe awo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa ndi zofanana ndi mtundu 1 wa matenda ashuga:

• Pakamwa pokhapokha pa ludzu,
• kukodza pafupipafupi,
• kufooka kwa minofu, osadutsa kutopa komanso ngakhale kungolimbitsa thupi mwachangu,
• Nthawi zina kuchepa thupi kumawonedwa (koma osatchulika kuposa mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga), koma izi sizabwino
• kuyabwa pakhungu, makamaka kuzungulira ziwalo (chifukwa cha kufalikira kwamatenda oyambitsa yisiti),
• kuyambiranso kwa matenda opweteka a pakhungu (fungus, abscess).

Zizindikiro za matenda osokoneza bongo sizitchulidwa. Zizindikirozi zimathanso kuimbidwa ndi matenda ena angapo.

Ndikofunikira kulabadira zizindikiro zotsatirazi, makamaka ngati pali zingapo mwazo:

• kukodza pafupipafupi,
• ludzu losalekeza
• kuchuluka kukwiya
• kutopa ndi kutopa kwambiri,
• kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe
• khungu lowuma, loyenda ndi kuyabwa,
• Kuchepetsa thupi ndi chidwi,
• dzanzi kapena kupweteka miyendo.

Pano, mwina, ndi mndandanda wawung'ono chabe wazizindikiro zomwe zimayenderana ndi matenda a shuga 1.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga 1

• Ludzu lalikulu
• Kukodza pafupipafupi
• Kuchepetsa thupi
• Zofooka
• Kuchepetsa ntchito
• Kuyabwa

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga a Type 2

• Kunenepa kwambiri
• W ludzu
• Kumva njala nthawi zonse, ngakhale mutatha kudya,
• Pakamwa pakamwa
• Kukodza pafupipafupi
• Zowonongeka
• Mutu
• Kufooka minofu
• Kuyabwa

Monga mukuwonera, Zizindikiro zina ndizofanana pankhani yoyamba ndi yachiwiri, koma pali zosiyana. Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amadziwonetsa asanafike zaka 30, kuyambira ali aang'ono, ndipo matenda amtundu wa 2 amakhala nawo kwa anthu opitilira 40.

Pafupifupi 50% ya ana akadali ndi vuto lodzapanganso matenda amtundu wa shuga m'tsogolo (nthawi zambiri amakhala azaka 20 ndi 30s).

Zakudya za shuga

Kudyetsa chakudya ndikofunikira monga jakisoni wa insulin. Popanda kudya, kuphatikiza insulini sikungakuthandizeni kupewa zovuta.

Ndi matenda a mtundu woyamba 1, wodwalayo amaletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatirazi:

1. Shuga, chokoleti ndi zinthu zonse zomwe zimakhala nazo,
2. Nyama zosemedwa ndi zipatso
3. Mafuta okometsera amkaka kwambiri
4. Msuzi wamafuta ndi msuzi,
5. Zakumwa za kaboni
6. Chipatso cha shuga wamkulu,
7. Confectionery ndi makeke.

Zakudya zomwe sizinaphatikizidwe pamndandanda woletsedwa zitha kudyedwa ndi odwala, koma ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa zinthu zotsalazo: pasitala, zipatso, mkate, mbatata ndi zinthu zamkaka.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 ndi osasangalatsa, koma osati matenda oyipa, monga amaganiza. Mutha kukhala ndi iye, koma pokhapokha mutatsatira malangizo a dokotala.

Zolinga zopezera matenda ashuga

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha matenda a shuga chimakhala chodwalanso, kapena m'moyo wake. Wodwala matenda ashuga kwambiri wachiwiri atha kufotokozedwa motere:

Zaka 35 mpaka 40. (ngakhale, mwachidziwikire, m'zaka zaposachedwa chitukuko cha matenda ashuga chayamba kuchepa chaka ndi chaka)

Kunenepa kwambiri

Kuthamanga kwa magazi (matenda oopsa, kapena dystonia)

Ntchito yokhazikika yomwe imagwirizana ndi kupanikizika nthawi zonse

Zakudya zopanda zakudya komanso zosakwanira (chakudya chofulumira, zakudya zosavuta, chakudya chamadzulo, ndi zina zambiri)

Kuperewera kwachilendo kwa ntchito ndi kupuma

Ngakhale kuti shuga mellitus wa mtundu woyamba nthawi zambiri ndi wobadwa mwachilengedwe, angathe kupezekanso, chifukwapakapita nthawi, ngati mtundu 2 wa matenda a shuga sawongolera bwino, kuchuluka kwa insulin komwe kumapangidwa m'thupi kumatha kuchepa.

Zizindikiro za Matenda Odwala

Matenda a shuga a mtundu uwu amatchedwanso osafunikira insulin. Nthawi zambiri, matenda am'mimba amayamba chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana am'mbuyomu ali mwana. Vuto lina limatulutsidwa ndi cholowa.

Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda a shuga amapezeka chifukwa cha zinthu zotsatirazi:

• kumangokhala
• kudya zakudya zachangu komanso zinthu zina zopweteka,
• Kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri (maswiti, koloko, confectionery).

Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi kumayambitsa kuchuluka kwa thupi, komwe kumapititsanso kukula kwa matenda.

Matenda a shuga opezeka ndi matendawa amakumana ndi matenda owonjezera: ischemia, kuthamanga kwa magazi, atherosulinosis, kulephera kwa impso.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda a shuga omwe amapezeka:

• migraine
• mavuto azidzidzimu,
• kamwa yowuma
• kufuna kumwa madzi nthawi zonse,
• Nthawi zambiri ndimapita kuchimbudzi kukagula kakang'ono,
• kuchepa kwambiri kapena kuchuluka kwa thupi,
• kutopa kwambiri
• kufuna kudya nthawi zonse,
• kudzimbidwa
• kusanza ndi kusanza
• kutsegula m'mimba
• kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira,
• kuwonongeka kwa potency ndi kusayenda bwino mu msambo,
• zovuta pambuyo podya zakudya zamafuta kapena zonunkhira,
• kuyabwa m'malo opezeka chifukwa cha mabakiteriya azitsamba,
• bowa wachikopa.

Zizindikiro za matendawa sizimawoneka nthawi yomweyo, kwazaka zambiri munthu samakayikiranso kupezeka kwa matenda.

Kusowa kwa zisonyezo kumayambiriro kwa matendawo kumabweretsa zovuta pakuzindikiranso komanso chithandizo. Odwala opitilira 50% amapita kwa dokotala ali atadwala kale matenda.

Ngati m'modzi m'banjamo wadwala, ndiye kuti matendawa amakhudzidwa ndi achibale ena. Izi ndichifukwa choti zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko ndi zonenepa kwambiri komanso matenda oopsa. Ngati banja lonse lili ndi mapaundi owonjezera, ndizotheka kuti chiwerengero cha milanduyo chidzakhala chokulirapo.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti sikulimbikitsidwa kutenga ma diuretics ndi corticosteroids kwa anthu omwe amakonda kuyambika kwa matendawa.

Kuzindikira kwa shuga - ingomwani tsiku lililonse.

Kusiyana kwachuma

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa matenda a shuga omwe amapezeka ndi matenda obwera chifukwa cha kusowa kwa shuga ndikusowa koyenera kuperekera jakisoni. Kupatula kuperewera, odwala amalandira jakisoni ndi mahomoni opanga, koma izi siziri chithandizo chachikulu cha matenda.

Matenda a shuga amtundu wa 1 amakhala chizindikiro, ndipo mtundu 2 sungachitike kwa zaka.

Matenda omwe amapezeka amakalamba. Chomwe chimapangitsa izi ndi kusinthana kwakusunthika kwa njira mu thupi ndi matenda a kapamba mu mawonekedwe osakhazikika. Koma, pakupita nthawi, ziwerengero zimasintha.

Nthawi zambiri, achinyamata, ana ndi achinyamata amabwera kuchipatala ali ndi zofanana.

Kukula kwa matenda ashuga achinyamata kumayenderana ndi izi:

• kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe
• zakudya zovulaza
• kusowa kwa zochitika zamasewera m'miyoyo ya ana.

Ngati munthu sanadwalepo kale, ndiye kuti simuyenera kudziwa kuti matenda ashuga akudutsa. Ndi moyo wolakwika, ndizosavuta kuwerengetsa thanzi. Chifukwa chofanana ndi chizindikiro cha mtundu woyamba komanso kukhala ndi matenda ashuga, ndikosavuta kudziwa kukula kwa matenda ndikupita ku ofesi ya dokotala.

Kuopsa kwa matenda

Anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti shuga ya m'magazi simubweretsa zovuta zilizonse chifukwa palibe zovuta kapena zopweteka. Monga momwe amkakhulupilira pagulu, ngati palibe chomwe chimapweteka, ndiye sizomveka kupita kwa dokotala.

Matendawa ndi owopsa osati ndi zizindikiro, koma ndi zovuta. Shuga wowonjezera wamagazi amawonongeratu mitsempha ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Njirayi ndi yayitali komanso yopweteka. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo sakudziwa kukula kwa matendawa.Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, popanda chithandizo choyenera, mitsempha ya magazi imagwa, ndikupangitsa matenda otsatirawa:

• Kukula kwa khungu (munthu amakhala wakhungu pambuyo pa miyezi itatu yopanda chithandizo),
• sitiroko (nthawi yomweyo kumang'ung'udza munthu pa njinga ya olumala).

Pamaso pa matenda mu odwala, kuchiritsa koyipa kwa kuwonongeka kwakunja pakhungu kunadziwika. Mabala osachiritsa amazunza wodwala, amalepheretsa mayendedwe ake. Mapazi amatopa poyenda. Choyipa chachikulu kwambiri, gangrene amakula, omwe amachititsa kulumala.

Timapereka kuchotsera kwa owerenga tsamba lathu!

Kupewa ndi malingaliro

Mutha kudwala matenda a shuga. Chifukwa chake, kuti mudzichenjeze nokha, onani njira zopewera:

• lekani zizolowezi zoipa (kusuta kwachiwiri kumawononga thupi),
• Idyani zakudya zatsopano komanso zopatsa thanzi,
• Penyani magazi anu
• lawani kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi chida chapadera (izi zikugwiranso ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda).

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa komanso owopsa. Chifukwa chake, mutazindikira kusintha pang'ono mthupi, pitani kuchipatala. Kuzindikiritsa kwa ma pathologies koyambirira kunapulumutsa miyoyo yoposa zana. Chitani mayeso a pafupipafupi, monga amafunikira wophunzitsira.

Matenda a shuga nthawi zonse amayambitsa zovuta zakupha. Mwazi wamagazi ochulukirapo ndi woopsa kwambiri.

Aronova S.M. adafotokoza za chithandizo cha matenda ashuga. Werengani kwathunthu

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji kuyamba kwa matenda ashuga?

Chimodzi mwazinthu zowopsa za matenda ashuga ndikuti ndi matenda osalankhula. Ine.e. poyambirira, mawonekedwe ake sadziwika. Nthawi zambiri zimadziwika mukayezetsa magazi mosasokoneza. Komabe, pamene matenda ashuga ayamba kupeza mphamvu, zotsatirazi zimawonekera:

Khungu lowuma, matenda oyamba ndi fungus, kuyabwa

"Matenda Aakulu Otopa"

Anachepetsa chitetezo chokwanira komanso matenda opatsirana

Kuwonongeka kwamadera akumunsi

Kukoka pafupipafupi makamaka usiku

Kuchira pang'onopang'ono kwa zipsera ndi mabala

Mavuto a potency, kusokonezeka kwa msambo

Zitha kuwoneka, chabwino, shuga wambiri m'magazi, ndiye chiyani? Kupatula apo, palibe chomwe chimapweteka! Matenda a shuga ndiabwino chifukwa cha zovuta zake. Chowonadi ndichakuti shuga yambiri yamwazi imawononga dongosolo lamagazi. Izi zimachitika pang'onopang'ono komanso mosavutikira ndipo sizingamveke patapita zaka zochepa, komabe, zovuta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka pang'ono pang'ono kwa ziwiya zazing'ono zimayamba pa liwiro la mphezi ndipo zimabweretsa zotsatirapo zoopsa: mwachitsanzo, ndikupanga retinopathy, khungu lathunthu limatha kukula m'miyezi itatu yokha, ndipo limadwala mwadzidzidzi imatha kusintha munthu wolumala kukhala munthu wathanzi.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga

Matenda a shuga ndi osachiritsika - alipo mpaka kalekale. Mwayi wokha wopulumutsa mwayi kwautali, moyo wathunthu ndikuwunikiranso moyo wanu mukuwunika kwatsopano. Ndikofunikira kuphunzira momwe mungayang'anire matendawa. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusintha moyo wanu monga momwe mumafunira: kudya moyenera, kuwonjezera masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusiya zizolowezi, onetsetsani kuti mumayesedwa ndi endocrinologist, ophthalmologist, cardiologist ndi katswiri wa matenda ashuga osachepera miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndikutsatira malangizo awo.

Kodi tiyenera kudziwa chiyani ngati kukana?

Kukaniza (kukana) ndiko kukaniza kwa thupi la munthu pazotsatira za insulin. Njira yodabwisa iyi imabweretsa zotsatirapo zingapo zoyipa:

• kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi
• shuga wamagazi ambiri
• yogwira kukula kwa mtima matenda ndi mtima atherosulinosis.

Maselo a Beta omwe amapanga insulin amagwidwa ndi chitetezo chamthupi cha wodwalayo (monga mtundu 1 wa shuga), koma pang'onopang'ono amalephera kupanga timadzi tambiri tokwanira.

Chifukwa cha kukondweretsedwa kosalekeza kwamphamvu kwambiri m'magazi a glucose, ma cell a pancreatic amatha, mawonekedwe awo ndikuwonjezera shuga.

Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi matenda a shuga a 2, ndikofunikira kuwunika pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu. Ngati ndi kotheka, majekeseni owonjezera ayenera kuphunzira kuwapanga popanda thandizo.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda umawonedwa nthawi zambiri kuposa woyamba. Ngati tilingalira mu kuchuluka, ndiye kuti tikulankhula za wodwala m'modzi pa anthu 90 aliwonse.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga a 2

Zizindikiro zamtunduwu wa shuga zimatha kukhala zofatsa komanso zosafunikira. Kwa pafupifupi zaka zingapo, matendawa amapitilira mtundu wampangidwe ndipo amadzimva kuti wachedwa.

Ndi njira ya asymptomatic yam'magawo oyamba a matendawa yomwe imapangitsa cholengedwa kukhala chovuta kwambiri pakuzindikira komanso kuchira. Pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtunduwu kwa miyezi yambiri sanakayikire ngakhale kupezeka kwa matupi awo.

Panthawi yomwe matendawa atapezeka, adayamba kale kudwala retinopathy (kuwonongeka kwa maso) ndi angiopathy (mavuto a mtima) ndi mawonekedwe awo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa ndi zofanana ndi mtundu 1 wa matenda ashuga:

• Pakamwa pokhapokha pa ludzu,
• kukodza pafupipafupi,
• kufooka kwa minofu, osadutsa kutopa komanso ngakhale kungolimbitsa thupi mwachangu,
• Nthawi zina kuchepa thupi kumawonedwa (koma osatchulika kuposa mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga), koma izi sizabwino
• kuyabwa pakhungu, makamaka kuzungulira ziwalo (chifukwa cha kufalikira kwamatenda oyambitsa yisiti),
• kuyambiranso kwa matenda opweteka a pakhungu (fungus, abscess).

Ndiyenera kuyang'ana chiyani?

Ngati m'mabanja mmodzi mmodzi ali ndi matenda a shuga 2, ndiye kuti izi zimawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi matenda omwewo kwa abale ake.

Kulemera kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi ndizofunikanso kwambiri pakukula kwa matendawa, tinganene kuti insulin ndi kunenepa kwambiri ndizogwirizana mwachindunji. Pafupifupi odwala onse oterewa amadwala mapaundi owonjezera.

Mukamakulitsa kulemera, zimapangitsa kuti azikhala ndi matenda ashuga. Potengera komwe kudwala matenda obisika, coronary thrombosis kapena stroko imayamba.

Ngati munthu amagwiritsa ntchito diuretics ndi corticosteroids, ndiye kuti ayenera kudziwa kuti mankhwalawa atha kuwonjezera zovuta zowonjezera matenda ashuga a 2.

Kodi mungapewe bwanji matenda?

Madokotala amalimbikitsa njira zoteteza zomwe zingathandize kupewa matendawa. Ndikofunika kuyesa kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi ndikusiya zolaula. Ngakhale utsi wachiwiri umasokoneza thanzi.

Kusintha kuzakudya zopatsa thanzi ndi upangiri wabwino. Izi zikuthandizira kukhala ndi mitsempha yathanzi ndi mitsempha, komanso kusunga cholesterol m'malo ovomerezeka.

Ndi chakudya chopatsa thanzi chokhala ndi fiber, ochepa shuga komanso michere yosavuta yomwe ingathandize kuchepetsa kunenepa ndikuchepetsa zofunikira za matenda ashuga a 2.

Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga kapena akumana ndi mavuto akuwunika momwe adyera komanso monga zakudya zawo:

• kaloti
• nyemba zobiriwira
• Zipatso za malalanje
• kabichi
• radishi
• belu tsabola.

Muyenera kusamala ndi kusintha kulikonse paumoyo wanu, zizindikilo za kuchuluka kapena shuga wamagazi ochepa. Musaiwale za kupitilira mayeso okonzekereratu ndipo nthawi zonse funani thandizo kuchipatala ngati mukumva bwino. Izi zithandiza kupewa zovuta zambiri za matenda ashuga.

Kodi ndimafunikira zolimbitsa thupi?

Ngati mumachita zinthu zolimbitsa thupi mwadongosolo, izi zikuthandizani kuchepetsa kwambiri kukana kwa insulini, kumene, kumachepetsa zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda a shuga 2.

Ngati dokotala wothandizapo adalimbikitsa jakisoni wowonjezera wa insulin, mlingo wa mankhwala omwe waperekedwa uyenera kusinthidwa mokwanira (kutengera kuchuluka kwa zochita zolimbitsa thupi za wodwalayo).

Ndi kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa insulin (ya magawo osiyanasiyana a nthawi), hypoglycemia imayamba, chifukwa chake kulimbitsa thupi ndikofunikira kwambiri mu shuga.

Mukamasewera masewera, odwala matenda ashuga amawotcha mafuta m'maselo. Potere, masamba olemera kwambiri mu kuchuluka kofunikira, ndipo maselo am'misempha amasamalidwa ogwira ntchito.

Mafuta a m'magazi samayenda, ngakhale atakhala owonjezera.

Mtundu 2 wa shuga wowonjezera

Ngakhale kupezeka kwakanthawi kovomerezeka ndi matenda a shuga (komanso monga kubereka) kumatha kupanikizika ndi zovuta zambiri zaumoyo. Izi sizingangokhala zovuta zopanda pake za mbale zamkati ndi khungu louma, komanso alopecia areata, kuchepa magazi, kapena ngakhale thrombocytopenia.

Kuphatikiza pa izi, pakhoza kukhala zovuta zotere ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga:

• matenda a mitsempha ya mitsempha, yomwe imayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa kayendedwe ka magazi m'munsi m'munsi, mtima, komanso ubongo.
• matenda ashuga nephropathy (mavuto a impso),
• matenda ashuga retinopathy (matenda a maso),
• diabetesic neuropathy (kufa kwa minyewa yamitsempha),
• zotupa zamatumbo ndi miyendo,
• kumva kwambiri matenda.

Ngati muli ndi mavuto pang'ono azaumoyo, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti akuuzeni malangizo. Izi zipangitsa kuti zisayambitse matenda obwera.