Chithandizo cha Chowona Zanyama > Chithandizo ndi kupewa

Hypothyroidism mu nyama - matenda oyambitsidwa ndi chida chokwanira cha chithokomiro chokhala ndi matenda omwe amatha kuwoneka bwino, komanso edema ndi bradycardia, matenda a lipid kagayidwe kamunthu mu kunenepa kwambiri, makulidwe omveka komanso mavuto ena am'magazi ndi machitidwe ambiri.

Pali kutengera kwa kubadwa kwa hypothyroidism, komwe kumawonetsedwa ndi kupezeka kwa matenda pakati pa mitundu ina ya agalu, makamaka, Airedale terriers, ma boxer, ma cocker spaniels, dachshunds, Doberman zikhomo, ma Golden retrievers, ma setera aku Ireland, abusa achichepere, Old English ndi Scottish abusa ndi zododometsa. Amphaka amadwala pafupipafupi. Nthawi yayitali ya nyama odwala ndi zaka 4-10. Mabatani amadwala pafupipafupi 2,5, chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda mwa iwo chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchotsa mazira.

Hypothyroidism yoyamba (agalu ambiri odwala) amayambitsidwa ndi lymphocytic chithokomiro (njira yotupa m'matumbo, yotchedwanso matenda a Hashimoto) kapena idiopathic follicular atrophy (njira zowonongeka mu gland), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chithokomiro cha chithokomiro komanso kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni otulutsidwa. Nthawi zambiri, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a hypothyroidism mu nyama ndi kusowa kwa ayodini m'zakudya, kuthana ndi ndulu kapena chotupa. Amphaka, hypothyroidism nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha eni ake a chithokomiro kapena radiotherapy ya hyperthyroidism.

Hypothyroidism yachiwiri imalumikizidwa ndi kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa chinsinsi cha mahomoni olimbitsa mtima a chithokomiro (TSH) chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwa chida cha pituitary kapena chiwonongeko cha chiwopsezo cha pituitary ndi chotupa kapena chotupa, chomwe ndi vuto lomwe lidayambika. Kupanga kwa TSH kungathenso kuvutitsidwa ndi chithandizo cha glucocorticoid cha matenda oyanjana kapena kudya kosayenera. Mahomoni a chithokomiro ndi ofunikira kuti mafupa azikhala bwino komanso chotupa chamkati, kotero kubereka kwatsopano kumabweretsa ku cretinism ndi kufalikira.

Ndi hypothyroidism, kuwonongeka kumachitika pakhungu, ziwalo za exocrine, mtima, mantha, dongosolo la endocrine, minofu, ziwalo zam'mimba, thirakiti lam'mimba, ziwalo zamawonedwe, kagayidwe kamasokonezedwa. Zizindikiro za matendawa ndizosakhazikika ndipo zimayamba pang'onopang'ono.

Zowonetsera zazikulu za hypothyroidism ndizopanda nkhawa, kukhumudwa, kulephera kuchita zinthu zolimbitsa thupi, kusintha kwa machitidwe, kuchuluka kwakuchuluka kwa thupi, kuchuluka kwamphamvu kuzizira, kuchepa kwa zochitika zokhudzana ndi kugonana, kusabereka, kuperewera kwa chovalacho chifukwa cha kupindika.

Zilonda zapakhungu nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mwa odwala omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism. Ndiwotupa, kotupa, kuzizira mpaka kukhudza. Seborrhea, hyperpigmentation ndi hyperkeratosis. Chovalacho chimakhala chouma, chosalala, chofunda, chamanthu. Bilateral symmetric alopecia imayamba ndi mchira ("mchira wa rat") ndipo imafikira thupi lonse. Kusintha kwamtundu ndikotheka.

Pazidziwitso zakusiyanitsa, ndikofunikira kupatula zifukwa zina za endocrine alopecia, zomwe ndizotheka ndi hypercorticism ndi dermatoses yomwe imakhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwama mahomoni ogonana. Ndi hypothyroidism, mabala amachiritsa bwino ndipo kuvulala kumapangidwa mosavuta, pyoderma ndi otitis externa nthawi zambiri zimachitika. Myxedema ndi omwe amawonetsera kuti "kuvutika" kwa mawonekedwe.

Kugonjetsedwa kwamtima kumawonetsedwa ndi bradycardia, kufoka kwamphamvu ndi kufooka kwa chikakamizo cha apical. Ndi echocardiografia, kuchepa kwa contractility ya myocardial kumatha kupezeka. Pa ECG, kuchepa kwa mphamvu yamafunde ama R ((mafunde a R)

Kusintha kwa pathogenesis ndi pathoanatomical.

Mothandizidwa ndi etiological factor, kaphatikizidwe ka thyroxine (T4) ndi triiodothyronine (T3) amalepheretsa thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwonetserochi chiwonjezere kuchuluka kwa mahomoni olimbitsa mtima a chithokomiro.

Kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumayambitsa kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya, mapuloteni, lipid, vitamini ndi mineral metabolism, zomwe zimabweretsa kusintha kwa mtima m'mapapu, impso, ndi khungu.

Kusintha kwachilengedwe ndi maatomiki kumawonetsa kuphatikizika, kukulitsidwa, kutukusira, granulomas mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, kusintha kwina kwa ziwalo zina.

Pathognomonic ndiwowonjezeka kwambiri mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.
Khungu limakhala louma, limafupika, limawonetsa kusokonezeka kwa kukula kwa tsambalo (kusachedwa kusungunuka, kukula kwa tsitsi lalitali, loonda, lopotana ndi kufota).
Chizindikiro cha matendawa ndikuphwanya ntchito ya mtima (bradycardia, ugonthi, kugawanika kwa mawu amitima, kutsitsa voliyumu ya mano onse pa electrocardiogram, kukulitsa nthawi ya PQ komanso T wave).
Mu nyama zodwala, enophthalmos, hypothermia, kukhumudwa, ndi kuchuluka kwa thupi zimasonyezedwanso.
M'magazi, oligochromia, hypochromia, neutropenia, lymphocytosis, kuchepa kwa milingo ya T3, T4 ndi kuwonjezereka kwa zomwe zili mu TSH zimadziwika.

Maphunzirowa ndi zoneneratu.

Matendawa ndi osachiritsika kuneneratu - osamala.

Kuzindikiritsa kumapangidwira kwathunthu kuganizira zomwe zili mu ayodini mu chakudya ndi madzi, mbiri yachipatala ndi mbiri ya zamankhwala ndikuwunika magazi.

Matendawa amasiyanitsidwa ndi matenda a shuga, hyperthyroidism, kunenepa kwambiri, momwe milingo ya T3, T4, TSH imafanana ndi zofunikira.

Zimayambitsa Hypothyroidism mu Agalu ndi Amphaka

Lymphocytic chithokomiro, idiopathic atrophy ya chithokomiro, matenda obadwa nawo, matenda amiseche, kusowa kwa ayodini mu chakudya, zotupa zimayambitsa ndi idiopathic.

Hypothyroidism imakonda kwambiri agalu ndipo sizimachitika kawirikawiri m'mphaka. .

Ngakhale palibe chidziwitso chotsimikizika chokhudzana ndi chibadwa cha hypothyroidism mu agalu ndi amphaka, pali malipoti a achibale a hypothyroidism mu

Mitundu ya agalu yokonzedweratu ku matendawa: Airedale, boxer, cocker spaniel, Dachshund, Doberman, Golden Retriever, Great Dane, Irish Setter, miniature schnauzer, Galu wakale wa abusa achingelezi, Pomeranian, Poodle Scottish galu.

Avereji ya zaka Kukula kwa matendawa ndi zaka 5-8, ndipo zaka zowerengeka ndizo zaka 4-10. Kugonana kumeneku sikunadziwikebe, komabe, nyama zobisalidwa zimatha kutenga matendawa.

Pathophysiology ya chitukuko cha hypothyroidism mu chinyama

Primary Acquired Hypothyroidism (90% ya agalu) amayamba chifukwa cha mitsempha yotupa ya m'mimba (chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chomwe ma lymphocyte amakhudzidwa) (50%) kapena idiopathic follicular atrophy (50%). Ma antibodies ozungulira T3 ndi T4, thyroglobulin amapezeka m'magazi, komabe, ma antibodies omwewo amatha kupezeka mwa nyama wamba, euthyroid pamitundu yosiyanasiyana (13-40%).

Zowonjezera zina zomwe zimapangitsa chidwi ndi hypothyroidism zimaphatikizapo - Kuperewera kwa ayodini mu chakudya, komanso chiwonongeko cha zodwala chifukwa cha matenda kapena chotupa. Hypothyroidism mu amphaka, matendawa ndi othandizira ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala idiopathic, amayamba chifukwa cha kuchotsedwa kwa ndulu kapena ma radiotherapy pochiza matenda a hyperthyroidism.

Hypothyroidism yachiwiri chifukwa kuphwanya kapangidwe ka timadzi timene timatulutsa chithokomiro, chifukwa cha kufupika kwa chithokomiro cha chiwalo kapena kuwonongeka kwake ndi chotupa kapena matenda. Acquired yachiwiri ya hypothyroidism sichimachitika kawirikawiri mu agalu ndi amphaka, ndipo zitha kukhala chifukwa chophwanya gawo la chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chotulutsa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro kapena thyrethropin (TSH), chomwe chimalimbikitsa kukweza kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro kuti chiwonetsere T3 ndi T4. Glucocorticoids, matenda olumikizana, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi kumapangitsanso kubisalira kwa thyrotropin (TSH). Pambuyo poteteza matenda a glucocorticoid, kupanga TSH kumakhalanso kwamtundu wina.

Tertiary hypothyroidism chifukwa choletsa kupanga kwa hypothalamus thyrotropin-yotulutsa mahomoni kapena thyroliberin sichinalembedwe m'mphaka ndi agalu.

Congenital hypothyroidism zimayambitsa cretinism, chifukwa mahomoni a chithokomiro amafunikira kuti chitukuko cha mafupa chizikhala bwino. Milandu yolembedwa imaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro kapena chitukuko chosakwanira, kupangika kwa mahomoni osakwanira, komanso kuchepa kwa ayodini. Second kuzaliwa kwawoko hypothyroidism nthawi zambiri kumawonedwa mu mbusa wa ku Germany wokhala ndi panhypopituitarism (hypothalamus underdevelopment). Kukwanira kobadwa nako kwa mapangidwe a mahomoni a thyrotropin mu hypothalamus amadziwika mu risenschnauzers.

Familial lymphocytic thyroiditis (kutupa kwa chithokomiro) idapezeka m'mizere ina ya greyhound, beagles ndi agalu aku Danish.

Zomwe ziwalo ndi ziwalo zamagulu zimawonongeka pa hypothyroidism mu agalu

Ndikalumikizana ndi veterinarian, nyama zodwala zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi: kupha, kupha, kuchepa thupi, kuchepa kwa tsitsi kapena kumakhetsa kwambiri, tsitsi losauka pambuyo pobeta, tsitsi lowuma kapena losalala, lokhazikika, kutentha thupi, kulowererapo pakhungu, kusalolera kuzizira, kutentha. Mwa zisonyezo zoyambirira zosowa, munthu atha kuzindikira: kufooka kwakukulu, kumeta kwa mutu, ziwalo zamkati, kukokana, kusabereka. Zizindikiro zamankhwala (zizindikiro) zimayamba pang'onopang'ono, koma pang'onopang'ono zimapita.

Ndi hypothyroidism mu agalu ndi amphaka, machitidwe angapo a thupi amawonongeka, chifukwa matendawa ndi a dongosolo. Zosintha zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku:

Khungu / khunyu
Mtima wamtima
Machitidwe amanjenje
Neuro-minofu dongosolo
Njira yobereka
Matumbo
Maso
Endocrine, dongosolo lamafuta

Kusiyanitsa mitundu

Zilonda zapakhungu ndiye chizindikiro chofala kwambiri mu agalu okhala ndi hypothyroidism. Ndikofunikira kulingalira zina zomwe zimayambitsa kusasitsa kwa mahomoni (mwachitsanzo, hyperadrenocorticism, dermatopathy yokhudza kugonana, kukula kwa dermatosis, ndi ena).

Pamaso pa kusala kwa hyperlipidemia, komwe kumapezeka kwambiri mu agalu omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism, matenda otsatirawa samachotsedwako: shuga mellitus, hyperadrenocorticism, nephrotic syndrome, pancreatitis pachimake, blockage of biliary system, ndi matenda oyamba a lipid metabolism.

Zimayambitsa hypothyroidism

Monga lamulo, hypothyroidism nthawi zambiri imakhudza agalu, nthawi zambiri amphaka. Komabe, pakadali pano sizinapezeke kuti ndiye chibadwa chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Komabe, hypothyroidism nthawi zambiri imawoneka m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya agalu monga:

Mbusa waku Scottish
airedale,
pood
Boxer
Pomeranian,
Cocker Spaniel
M'busa wachingelezi
dachshund
Schnauzer
Doberman
Setter wa ku Ireland
Dane Wabwino
Wopeza Wagolide.

Kwenikweni, matendawa amakula zaka 5-8 moyo waminyama, ndipo msinkhu wokhazikitsidwa ndi zaka 4-10. Matendawa amathanso kukhudza chiweto chilichonse. Koma ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti agalu kapena amphaka othamangitsidwa amakhala pachiwopsezo cha hypothyroidism.

Pathophysiology ya mapangidwe a hypothyroidism mu agalu

Hypothyroidism ya pulayimale, ndiyo, yomwe imapezeka, imawonedwa mu 90% ya agalu. Komanso, lymphocytic chithokomiro, njira yotupa yomwe imachitika ndi kutenga kwa ma lymphocyte mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, kumathandizira kuti pakhalepo. Chifukwa ichi chikuwoneka mu 50% ya nyama.

Hypothyroidism yomwe idatengeka imapangidwa chifukwa cha idiopathic follicular atrophy mu 50% ya agalu. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti pali mankhwala othana ndi T4 ndi T3 m'magazi a nyama. Koma ma antibodies ofanana amatha kupezeka mu euthyroid, nyama zabwinobwino mu 13 mpaka 40% ya milandu.

Zowopsa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi monga kuperewera kwa ayodini m'zakudya ndi kuwonongeka kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chifukwa cha chotupa kapena kuwonongeka kwa chithokomiro chifukwa cha matenda osiyanasiyana.

Tcherani khutu! Amphaka, hypothyroidism imakhala idiopathic kwambiri; imachitika chifukwa cha radiotherapy kapena atachotsa gland.

Hypothyroidism yachiwiri mu agalu imapangidwa chifukwa:

kusokonekera mu kapangidwe ka mahomoni olimbikitsa chithokomiro,
chifukwa cha matenda.
chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a chotupa pa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.

Mtundu wachiwiri womwe wapezeka ndi hypothyroidism suchitika m'mphaka ndi agalu. Matendawa amatha kupanga chifukwa chophwanya kaphatikizidwe ka pituitary thyrethropin (TSH) kapena mahomoni oletsa chithokomiro, omwe amachititsa kuti chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chizipanga T4 ndi T3.

Kuphatikiza apo, secretion ya thyrotropin imalepheretsedwa ndi chakudya chopanda malire, glucocorticoids ndi matenda okhudzana nawo. Chifukwa chake, pamene mulingo wa glucocorticoids amakhala wofanana, kupanga TSH kumathandizidwanso.

Tertiary hypothyroidism, yomwe imatha kukhazikitsidwa chifukwa chotseka kutulutsa kwa thyrotiberin ndi hypothalamus kapena chithokomiro chotsitsa cha thyrotropin, sichinalembepo mpaka pano.

Congenital hypothyroidism mwa nyama imayamba chifukwa cha cretinism, chifukwa mahomoni opangidwa ndi gland ndi ofunikira kuti mapangidwe achilengedwe azikhala ndi mafupa amkati. Komanso, milandu ya kusowa kapena kufalikira kwa chithokomiro, kufooka kwa ayodini kapena kuperewera kwa mahomoni kulembedwa.

Congenital yachiwiri hypothyroidism, monga lamulo, imapezeka mwa abusa aku Germany omwe ali ndi hypothalamic hypoplasia - panhypopituitarism.

Komanso, kusowa kobadwa nako pakupanga kwa hypothalamus ndi mahomoni otulutsa chithokomiro (lotini) kumadziwika mu risenschnauzers. Ndipo kutukusira kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro (lymphocytic Familyal thyroiditis) kumapita patsogolo ku Danish Great Danes, greyhound ndi beagles.

Ndi machitidwe ndi ziwalo zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi hypothyroidism mu nyama

Pa phwando, veterinarian amakhazikitsa zizindikiro mu galu kapena mphaka monga:

kukonda kutentha
ulesi,
tsankho
kufooka
matenda obwera pakhungu,
dementia
kopanira
kunenepa
dandruff
molt wamphamvu
Chovala chofewa, chowuma,
kukula kwa tsitsi.

Zizindikiro zina zosowa kwambiri ndi kusabereka, malaise, kukokana, kumeta mutu ndi kudina kwamanthu.

Zizindikiro zonse zimayamba pang'onopang'ono.

Popeza hypothyroidism imachitika mwadongosolo, thupi loposa imodzi imatha kuwonongeka mu nyama nthawi imodzi.

Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zoonekeratu zitha kuonedwa ndi:

diso
dongosolo lamagulu
dongosolo lamanjenje
khungu
dongosolo lamahomoni
m'mimba
mtima
dongosolo la endocrine
kubereka ndi neuro-minofu dongosolo.

Zomwe zimatha kupezeka mukamafufuza agalu a hypothyroidism

M'magalu ndi amphaka, alopecia wamagulu awiri amawonedwa. Nthawi zambiri kumayambiriro, dazi limakhudza mbali, madera okangana (m'mimba, m'khosi, pakhosi), makutu ndi mchira. Pa gawo loyambirira la matendawa, makonde amatha kukhala asymmetric ndi multifocal.

Madazi sikuti nthawi zonse amayenda ndi kuyabwa, ngati kulibe matenda achiwonetsero kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa kuyabwa. Potere, ubweya umatulukira popanda kuyesayesa kwambiri.

Komanso, pakuwunika, veterinarian amapeza zizindikiro monga kusinthika bwino komanso kuwonongeka pang'ono kwa minofu ndi mafuta kapena seborrhea yowuma, yomwe imatha kukhala multifocal, general kapena wamba. Komanso, khungu la nyama limatha kukhala lotakasuka, lozizira, lowonda, tsitsi limakhala ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino, likhala lotupa, lotupa, louma.

Kuphatikiza apo, agalu kapena amphaka amatha kukumana ndi zizindikiro za myxedema wachisoni. Hyperkeratosis, hyperpigmentation ndi khungu ndikulimba m'dera lamkangano zimawonedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, veterinarian amatha kudziwa pyoderma (nthawi zambiri zowonjezera, zowonjezera nthawi zambiri) komanso atitis media.

Zizindikiro zofala

Zizindikiro zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri ndizophatikiza hypothermia, ulesi, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kuchepa kwa thupi.Kuchokera kumbali ya mtima, bradycardia, kupuma kofowoka kwapafupipafupi komanso kupatsa chidwi nthawi zambiri kumadziwika. Ndipo zizindikiro zakulera ndi izi:

testicular atrophy ndikuchepetsa libido mu zingwe,
kusabereka
kupezeka kwa mkaka wochepa panthawi ya mkaka wa m'mawere,
kusowa kwa estrus (elongated anestrus) m'zitali.

Kuyang'anira wodwala

Pambuyo pa kuyamba kwa mankhwala, kusinthika kwa thanzi la nyama kumawonedwa pamasiku 7 mpaka 7. Mkhalidwe wa chovala ndi khungu limayenda bwino pakatha miyezi 1.5-2. Ngati kusintha kwabwino sikunachitike, veterinarian ayenera kuunikanso matendawo.

Munthawi yowunikira, yomwe ili pamasabata a 8 a mankhwala, adokotala amawunika kuchuluka kwa seramu ya T4. Mkulu kwambiri magazi T4 pambuyo makonzedwe a L-thyroxine zimatheka pambuyo maola 4-8.

Ndikofunikira kuti chisonyezo chisanayambike ndalama chinali chabwinobwino. Ngati mankhwala atakhazikitsidwa, mulingo wovomerezeka, pamaso pa oyang'anira, ndendeyo inali yotsika, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa mankhwala oyenera kumayenera kuchuluka.

Ngati zonsezo zikutsitsidwa, ndiye kuti izi zikusonyeza:

Mlingo wolakwika
Mwiniwake sapereka mankhwala kwa ziweto zake,
malabsorption m'matumbo,
kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ocheperako (atha ntchito, kusungidwa mosayenera).

Ma antibodies oyenda bwino ku T3 ndi T4 nthawi zambiri amasokoneza mawerengedwa olondola a kuchuluka kwa mahomoni. Muzochitika izi, veterinarian amagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe azachipatala kuti azindikire kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa.

Njira zopewera, zovuta ndi matenda

Popewa, ndikofunikira kuwunika nthawi ndi nthawi kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro pofuna kupewa kutenganso matendawa. Mankhwalawa ndi amoyo wonse.

Mavuto amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo a L-thyroxine:

tachyarrhythmia,
dziko lopumira
kutsegula m'mimba
polyuria
kuwonda
polydipsia.

Kwa amphaka akuluakulu ndi agalu omwe amakhala ndi hypothyroidism yoyambira ndikugwiritsa ntchito moyenera mankhwala othandizira, matendawa ndi abwino. Chifukwa chake, gawo la moyo wa nyama silikuchepa.

Pankhani ya tertiary kapena yachiwiri hypothyroidism, kudaliraku sikumavomereza, popeza chidziwitsochi chikuwonekera mu ubongo. Ndi matenda obadwa nawo matendawa, matendawa amakhalanso osavomerezeka.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala osowa myxedema chikomokere. Ndi kuphunzitsidwa koyenera kwa mwini nyamayo, hypothyroidism mu agalu ndi amphaka imakhala ndi chiyembekezo chabwino. Ndipo kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa moyo wa wodwalayo, kuponderezana kwa mahomoni kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zofunika! Panthawi yamankhwala, zakudya zamafuta ambiri zimayenera kupewedwa.

Ponena za kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, amatha kusiyanasiyana ndikusankhidwa payekha. Chifukwa chake, kupenda pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi ndikutsimikizira kuchira kwachilichonse komanso njira ya matendawa. Kuyankha kwa thupi ku chithandizo kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa chake, pakuwunika kwathunthu zotsatira zake, miyezi itatu ndiyofunikira.

Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwakukulu mumapangidwe a metabolic a anthu ndi nyama, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kwa agalu ndi amphaka ndizosiyana kwambiri.

Opaleshoni ya hypothyroidism sagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chithandizo cha hypothyroidism

Pochiza matendawa, levothyroxine sodium (L-thyroxine) amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mlingo woyambirira ndi 0.02-0.04 mg / kg / tsiku. Komanso, mankhwalawa amawerengedwa potengera kulemera kwa nyama kapena mphaka potengera magawo a thupi - 0,5 mg pa 1 m2 patsiku awiri waukulu.

Monga lamulo, kuti mupeze boma lokhazikika, mankhwalawa amatengedwa pafupifupi mwezi umodzi.

Machenjezo

Matenda a shuga m'magalu kapena amphaka, kapena matenda a mtima - matenda omwe muyenera kuchepetsa mlingo woyambira wa mankhwalawa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya kagayidwe kachakudya. Ndipo asanayambe mankhwala ndi L-thyroxine, veterinarian amati adrenocorticoids kwa odwala omwe ali ndi hypoadrenocorticism (ofanana).

Zochita Zamankhwala

Kugwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo mankhwala omwe amachepetsa mphamvu yomanga mapuloteni a Whey (fentoin, salicylates, glucocorticoids) amafunika kusintha pamlingo wotsatira wa L-thyroxine pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pafupipafupi kapena mobwerezabwereza.

Njira zina zimaphatikizira triiodothyronine. Komabe, amaikidwa kwambiri kawirikawiri, chifukwa mankhwalawo amathandizira kuti iatrogenic hyperthyroidism ikhale ndi moyo wocheperako.

Congenital hypothyroidism mu amphaka

Zimayambitsa kuperewera kwakanthawi ndipo zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha agenis kapena dysgenesis ya tezi ya chithokomiro kapena chifukwa cha dishormonogeneis. Kuphwanya kachitidwe ka ntchito ya chithokomiro peroxidase, komwe kumayambitsa kuphwanya kwa ayodini, kunawonedwa m'makutu amtsitsi komanso amphaka amtundu wa Abyssinian. Ndi mtundu uwu wa hypothyroidism, chitukuko cha goiter chikuyembekezeredwa. Kuphatikiza apo, mkhalidwe wa hypothyroidism, chifukwa cha kulephera kwa chithokomiro kuyankha mahomoni olimbikitsa a chithokomiro (mahomoni olimbikitsa chithokomiro, TSH), akufotokozedwa mu banja la amphaka aku Japan. Mavutowa omwe amayambitsa kubadwa kwa hypothyroidism nthawi zambiri amatengedwa ngati mkhalidwe wokhazikika mtima.

Zovuta za hypothyroidism chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ayodini m'makaka omwe adadyetsedwa kokha ndi nyama afotokozedwa.

Iatrogenic hypothyroidism mu amphaka

Iatrogenic hypothyroidism nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha chithandizo cha hyperthyroidism ndipo amphaka amakhala ofala kwambiri okhazikika. Iatrogenic hypothyroidism imatha kukhazikika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chithokomiro chamtundu, chithandizo chokhala ndi ayodini kapena mankhwala omwe amachepetsa chithokomiro.

Zizindikiro za feline hypothyroidism

Zizindikiro zachipatala za hypothyroidism zitha kukhala zochulukirapo kapena zofatsa kutengera mtundu wa vuto la metabolic, lomwe, monga mwa anthu, limatha kukhala loperewera kapena lathunthu.

Amphaka ambiri okhudzidwa amwalira hypothyroidism isanakayikiridwe. Ana ambiri amphaka amawoneka athanzi mpaka milungu 4, koma pakatha masabata 4-8 kukula kwawo kumachepera, pali zizindikiro zakukula kopanda malire: mutu wokulirapo, miyendo yayifupi komanso thupi lalifupi. Amakhala ndi zolemetsa, kubweza m'maganizo, amphaka ngati amenewa sakhala olimba kwambiri poyerekeza ndi anzawo omwe amawotcha. Meno nthawi zambiri amakula ndikukula ndipo mano ake amatha kuchedwa mpaka miyezi 18 kapena kupitirira. Pali zizindikiro zomwe zikuchedwa kutsekedwa kwa malo a mafupa aatali. Chovala chamtoto chimayimiriridwa makamaka ndi undercoat ndi tsitsi laling'ono lakunja.

Amphaka omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism, zizindikiro za matendawa ndizosintha pakhungu (seborrhea youma, kusokonekera kwa tsitsi, mawonekedwe osadziwika) komanso kupha, kupsinjika, bradycardia ndi hypothermia. Ubweya umatha kutulutsidwa mosavuta, ndipo m'malo omwe tsitsi limadulidwa, kukula kwake mobwerezabwereza kumachedwa. Alopecia imatha kukhazikika, mumakati ena tsitsi limagwa mu auricle.

Dziwani matenda amphaka

Poyamba, maphunziro amachitika paziwonetsero za hematological ndi biochemical.

Miyezo ya Hormone imayesedwa: T4 yonse ndi TSH. Zitsanzo zoyeserera za TSH ndi zitsanzo zokhala ndi mahomoni a thyrotropin zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Kudziwitsa kwa basal serum T4 ndende koyesa kwambiri koyesa kwa hypothyroidism amphaka okhala ndi zizindikiro zamankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, amphaka okhala ndi hypothyroidism, kutsikira kwa basal T4 kumakhala kotsika kwambiri pamlingo woyenera, ndipo nthawi zina samawoneka. Kuphatikizika kwa T4 pamlingo wabwinobwino kumapangitsa kuti asatuluke kuzindikiritsa kwa hypothyroidism, komabe, kuponderezedwa kotsika kokha sikumatsimikizira hypothyroidism, popeza matenda ena ndi mankhwala amatha kutsitsa kuchepa kwa ndende ya T4 pamlingo wokhala ndi hypothyroidism. Ngati mbiri ndi zizindikiro zamatenda ndizogwirizana ndi matendawa, zotsika T4, ndizotheka kuthekera kwenikweni kwa hypothyroidism mu mphaka. Ngati kuchuluka kwa kukayikira kwa hypothyroidism mu chithunzi cha chipatala sikokwanira kwambiri, koma kuchuluka kwa T4 kuli kotsika, zinthu zina, monga matenda osagwirizana ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, ndizotheka kwambiri.

Njira yodziwira TSH inayesedwa bwino pakagwiritsidwa ntchito amphaka. Ngakhale chidwi cha njirayi chili pansipa, kupendekera kwakukulu kwa TSH mumphaka wokhala ndi kuchepa kwaponseponse T4 ndi chisonyezo chodziwika bwino cha hypothyroidism. Kuchulukitsidwa kwakuchulukirapo kwa TSH kwafotokozedwera amphaka omwe ali ndi kubadwa kwa hypothyroidism, hypothyroidism ozungulira, omwe adayamba kukula, komanso iatrogenic hypothyroidism.

Chiyeso chofuna kupatsirana ndi TSH ndi chofanana mu agalu ndi amphaka, kupatula mlingo wocheperako wa thyrotropin wophatikizidwanso. Zotsatira za kafukufuku wa mayeso olimbikitsa ndi TSH zapereka chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti mayesowa ndi oyenera kuzindikiritsa matenda a hypothyroidism amphaka, komabe, kuyesaku sikumagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri machitidwe azachipatala chifukwa cha mtengo wokwera wa kubwereza kwa TSH kwa anthu.

Kuyesedwa kwa mahospital ya thyrotropin kumathandizidwanso kuti athe kuzindikira matenda a hypothyroidism amphaka, komabe sikuti amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazolinga izi ndipo sanawunikiridwe ngati njira yodziwira hypothyroidism amphaka. Koma ngati zotsatira zoyesedwa ndi kukondwerera kwa TSH zinali zabwinobwino, koma zotsatira za kuyesedwa ndi mahomoni a thyrotropin-kumasula sizinali, ndiye izi zikuwonetsa kusokonekera kwa pituitary.

Kuzindikira kwa hypothyroidism mu amphaka kuyenera kutengera kuphatikiza kwapakalembedwe ka zamankhwala, zizindikiro zamankhwala, zotsatira zoyesa zamankhwala, kutsika kwa serum thyroxine komanso kuchuluka kwa TSH. Kuti muwone kusintha komwe kumawonetsa hypothyroidism ndikuwunika kukhalapo kwa matenda ena, ndikofunikira kuyesa mayeso a labotale: kuyezetsa magazi magazi, kuyezetsa magazi a biochemical, ndi urinalysis. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa matenda ena amatha kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala (mwachitsanzo, glucocorticoids).

Chithandizo cha hypothyroidism amphaka

Hypothyroidism mumphaka imatha kukhala yakanthawi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pakapita nthawi zimatha. Mwachitsanzo ndi amphaka omwe amapanga hypothyroidism chifukwa cha kuyamwa kwa ayodini kapena opaleshoni. Izi zimatenga nthawi kuti matupi awo amange komanso kuyamba kuwongolera milingo ya chithokomiro. Popeza feline hypothyroidism ikhoza kukhala yakanthawi, mwina singafunike chithandizo ndi chithandizo. Nthawi zina, hypothyroidism sikhala yokha. Milandu iyi, mphaka imasowa chithandizo nthawi yonse yamoyo wawo.

Zochizira hypothyroidism, m`malo mankhwala ntchito mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe a mahomoni. Nthawi zambiri, zimatenga nthawi kuti mupeze mlingo wa mankhwalawa, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro amatha kusintha komanso kusintha pakapita nthawi. Wowona za ziweto amapanga chisankho pakusintha mlingo wa mankhwalawo panthawi yonse ya moyo wa mphaka, kutengera mkhalidwe wamtundu wa mphaka ndikusintha pamlingo wa mahomoni a chithokomiro popereka mankhwala.

Amphaka omwe amalandila chithandizo chamankhwala chopangira mahomoni opangira chithokomiro, zizindikiro za hypothyroidism nthawi zambiri zimatha miyezi ingapo mutayamba kulandira chithandizo. Amphaka omwe amafunikira kupatsidwa chithandizo chamankhwala a chithokomiro tsiku lililonse amayenera kuwunikidwa pafupipafupi ndi adokotala awo ndikupereka magazi pafupipafupi kufikira mulingo wa mahomoni awa. Ngati sing'anga wofika atazindikira kusintha kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro, ndiye kuti amasintha muyeso wa mankhwalawo.

Njira yakuchiritsira amphaka okhala ndi hypothyroidism imatha kukhala yovuta komanso yowopsa. Ngati mphaka wapezeka ndi matenda a hypothyroidism, omwe siwakanthawi ndipo amafuna kuti pakhale mankhwala othandizira komanso olamulira a chithokomiro, ndiye kuti mwini wakeyo afunika kuzolowera mkhalidwe wathanzi la mphaka. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amalembedwa tsiku lililonse mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo, amayeseza magazi pafupipafupi, zizindikiritso zonse zofunika ndi kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro. Kusintha kwa zakudya kungafunikenso kuwongolera zizindikiro za hypothyroidism. Amphaka omwe amachepetsa chithokomiro amafunikira njira yochizira matenda a hypothyroidism.

Chofunikira ndichakuti azitsatira malingaliro onse a adokotala. Ndikofunikira kulowa mulingo woyenera wa mankhwala omwe adokotala adalandira. Musapange chisankho chodziyimira nokha posintha mtundu wa mankhwalawo osafunsa dokotala, chifukwa mlingo wolakwika umatha kusintha ntchito ya chithokomiro cha mphaka ndikupangitsa zotsatirapo zoyipa.

Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti eni ake sayenera kuyambitsa chakudya chatsopano kapena mankhwala popanda kufunsira kwa veterinarian.

Mavuto a mahormone kapena hypothyroidism amphaka: ovuta kuwazindikira, pafupifupi osatheka kuchiritsa

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zobisika zamkati mwa nyama zoweta ndi chithokomiro. Ma mahomoni a chithokomiro omwe amapangidwa ndi iye (triiodothyronine ndi thyroxine) amagwira nawo ntchito pafupifupi zonse za metabolic. Kutsika kwa kupangika kwa mahomoni ndi chitsulo kumabweretsa hypothyroidism, komwe ndi matenda osowa pakati pa oimira banja la mphaka.

Pathology imayambitsa kusokonezeka kwazinthu chifukwa chakuchepa kwa kayendedwe ka metabolic m'thupi. Matendawa amadziwika ndi chithunzi cholakwika cha matenda, zovuta kuzizindikira, ndipo chithandizo chake chimachokera ku chithandizo chamankhwala.

Werengani nkhaniyi

Pazachipatala chazilombo, zomwe zimapangitsa kusowa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro m'mphaka zapakhomo sizimamveka bwino. Amakhulupirira kuti zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi:

1 - chithokomiro chathanzi, 2 ndi 3 - zotupa za parathyroid ndizabwino, 4 - kutupa kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro

Khalidweli. Matenda obadwa nawo amakhudzana makamaka ndi zilema mu kapangidwe ka thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine.

Kumwa mankhwala ena ake. Njira yayitali ya anti-kutupa corticosteroid mankhwala nthawi zambiri imabweretsa kukula kwa chithokomiro.

Pali umboni wotsutsa pa kupanga mahomoni a chithokomiro cha mankhwala monga Phenobarbital. Zotupa za barbituric acid zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati antiepileptic mu ziweto.

Radiotherapy yogwiritsa ntchito ayodini. Chithandizo cha khansa nthawi zambiri chimabweretsa kuti iodine ya radioactive imalepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro.
Kuchotsa kwa chiwalo molingana ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Chithokomiro cha chithokomiro nthawi zambiri chimachitidwa ndi amphaka okhudzana ndi hyperthyroidism, kupezeka kwa zotupa zoyipa mu chiwalo.
Nthawi zambiri chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa ndi kusowa kwa ayodini m'zakudya. Chofufuza chomwe chimasowa chimayambitsa chisokonezo cha biosynthesis cha triiodothyronine ndi thyroxine ndi gland.
Njira zotupa zomwe zimayamba mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro zimapangitsa matenda.
Zotupa zotengera ma oncological nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kukula kwa chithokomiro cha amphaka am'nyumba.

Zosakwanira kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a endocrine mu nyama zimangopangitsanso kuchuluka kwa njira zopewera, komanso kuzindikira kwa matenda.

Kuperewera kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumakhudza ziwalo zonse za thupi ndi machitidwe a thupi. Chitetezo cha mthupi, chimbudzi ndi chamanjenje chimakhudzidwa kwambiri. Zimakhudza matenda a pakhungu.

Nthawi zambiri, hypothyroidism mu amphaka am'nyumba amawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

Lethargy, mphwayi, kukhumudwa, kuletsa mkhalidwe wa nyama. Mphaka sachita nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi, kupewa masewera othamanga. Amakhala nthawi yambiri akugona komanso maloto.
Chovala chiri mgulu losakhutiritsa. Chovalacho chimakhala chofiyira, chofinya, mafuta kukhudza. Kukula kwakukulu kosagwirizana ndi molting kumawonedwa.
Alopecia wopangidwa m'malo opaka tsitsi pang'ono ndi pang'ono amaphatikizidwa ndi tsitsi latsopano. Komabe, matenda ake amakhalanso osiririka.
Hypothermia. Kutsika kwa kutentha kwa thupi kumachitika chifukwa chakuchepa kwa kayendedwe ka metabolic mthupi. Mwini atha kukaikira hypothermia mu nyama mwa machitidwe ake. Mphaka amangochita kusankha malo otentha okha, osawasiya mwachisawawa.
Kuletsa kwa kagayidwe kazakudya mthupi la mphaka wodwala kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mtima. Bradycardia ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zomwe zimalepheretsa chithokomiro.
Nyama zambiri ndizonenepa.
Kudzimbidwa.

Pochita zanyama, ndichizolowezi kusiyanitsa mitundu yayikulu ndi yachiwiri ya matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro. Pafupifupi 90 - 95% ya milandu yothana ndi vuto la mahona m'mphaka zapakhomo imagwirizanitsidwa ndi mtundu woyamba.

Matenda amakula motsutsana ndi maziko a zochitika monga chithokomiro cha chithokomiro mu chitukuko cha prenatal, njira zozikika mu chiwalo, chithokomiro, chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali ndi ayodini mankhwala, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a antithyroid.

Hypothyroidism yachiwiri ku amphaka am'nyumba imakhala osaposa 5%. Matendawa amakhudzana ndi kuphwanya chinsinsi cha timadzi tambiri ta chithokomiro. Matenda oterewa amakula, nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha matenda kapena kuvulala kwa ndulu ya ubongo.

Zizindikiro zamatenda osokonezeka a endocrine mu nyama zapakhomo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zobisika ngati zizindikiro za matenda ambiri. Ngati nthendayo ikukayikiridwa, kuphatikiza pakuwunika mwatsatanetsatane zamankhwala, njira zingapo zodziwunikira ndi kuyesa kwa labotale zidzachitidwa ku chipatala chazinyama.

Choyamba, nyamayo imapatsidwa kusanthula kwamtima. Pa electrocardiogram yokhala ndi hypothyroidism, kutchulidwa kwa bradycardia, kugawanika kwa phokoso la mtima, kutalika kwa nthawi ya PQ ndi T wave kumawonedwa.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwachipatala kumadziwika ndi oligochromia, hypochromia, neutropenia ndi lymphocytosis. Nthawi zambiri, nyama imakhala ndi magazi osabwezeretsa. Njira yodziwitsa kwambiri matenda a endocrine ndiyo kuyesa kwa magazi pochita mahomoni a chithokomiro.

Pankhani ya kuperewera kwa hypothyroid, kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a triiodothyronine ndi thyroxine, kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni olimbikitsa kwambiri a chithokomiro. Nthawi zina, amasintha momwe amasinthira ayodini amene amapezeka.

Zosintha pamasamba a mahomoni mu hypothyroidism

Kusiyanitsa kwakusiyana kumakhala pamalo ofunikira, popeza zizindikiro za hypothyroidism ndizofanana ndi kuwonetsa matupi, dermatitis, matenda a chitetezo cha m'thupi, kuchepa kwa vitamini, ndi matenda osokoneza bongo.

Chithandizo cha endocrine pathology mu Chowona Zanyama ndi, monga lamulo, cholowa m'malo. Kufikira izi, mahomoni opanga a chithokomiro amagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, Levothyroxine, L-thyroxine, Bagothyrox.

Mankhwala a anthu a Levothyroxine, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu veterin endocrinology, amadziwitsidwa pa mlingo wa 10-15 μg / kg ya kulemera kwa nyama. Chifukwa chakuti theka la moyo wa mahomoni pafupifupi ma 10 - 15, mankhwala a mahomoni amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri pa tsiku. Kugwiritsa ntchito kawiri komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a thyroxine m'magazi a nyama yodwala.

Hormone m'malo mankhwala a hypothyroidism

Vuto logwiritsa ntchito mankhwala olowa m'malo mwa endocrine matenda mu nyama lagona pakufunika koyenera kuti muthane ndi mankhwalawa. Pafupifupi milungu itatu kapena inayi atatha maphunziro a mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala a mahomoni, kuchuluka kwa plasma thyroxine mu nyama kumatsimikiziridwa. Malinga ndi zisonyezo za mahomoni, gawo la mahomoni opanga limasinthidwa.

Chofunika kwambiri poika chithandizo chamankhwala obwezeretsa mmalo mozindikira ndiko kuzindikira koyenera. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Levothyroxine kwa nyama zathanzi kumatha kubweretsa kuchepa pakupanga kwa mahomoni opatsa chithokomiro ndi pituitary gland komanso kukula kwa hyperthyroidism. Pachifukwa ichi, akatswiri ambiri azachipatala amalimbikitsa kuti ayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azitsamba ndi homeopathic.

Njira yodziwira bwino yochiritsika imatha kutumizidwa kokha ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino kwambiri malinga ndi kufufuza matenda. Mwiniwake ayenera kudziwa kuti kulandira chithandizo ndikubwezeretsa kwa moyo wonse.

Njira yayitali ya matendawa, kuvuta kwake ndikuwonetsa mankhwala a mahomoni kumapangitsa kuti akatswiri odziwa zanyama apatsidwe chidwi mosamala. Ndi mlingo wosankhidwa bwino wa mahomoni opanga mu nyama, zomwe zimachitika bwino, koma palibe kuchira kwathunthu.

Kuperewera kwa Hypothyroid ndi imodzi mw matenda ovuta kwambiri a endocrine mu ziweto zapakhomo. Kukopa kwa zizindikiro zamankhwala, kufanana kwa zizindikiritso ndi zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kudziwa matendawa. Kuzindikira kumafunikira katswiri wazamaphunziro kuti akhale waluso kwambiri komanso wodziwa zambiri. Mankhwalawa ndi amalo osinthika ndipo amaperekedwa kwa nyama kwa moyo wonse.

About hypothyroidism mu amphaka, onani vidiyo iyi:

Pafupifupi 15% ya amphaka omwe amakhala ndi mavuto akulu ndi zowopsa, ndipo. Matenda azachilengedwe a ziwalo zamkati: matenda a shuga, hypothyroidism.

Kodi kuopsa kwa toxoplasmosis ku amphaka kwa nyama ndi anthu ndi kotani? . Hypothyroidism, matenda a shuga, zotupa zoyipa.

Vuto la kunenepa kwambiri m'makati amphaka likuwonjezera mantha kwa veterinarians. Kuchiza amphaka kuyenera kuyamba nthawi yomweyo.

Takulandilani ku zootvet.ru! Apa mutha kufunsira kwa katswiri wazowona zanyama, komanso kudziwa zambiri za matenda a chiweto chanu. Funsani mafunso anu ndipo tidzakhala okondwa kuyankha mkati mwa maola 24!

Zambiri patsamba lino zimaperekedwa pazachidziwitso chokha. Osadzisilira. Pachizindikiro choyamba cha matenda a ziweto zanu, funsanani ndi veterinarian wanu nthawi yomweyo.

Posachedwa tidzalengeza zambiri.

Zizindikiro ndi njira zochizira hyperthyroidism mu agalu ndi amphaka

Hyperthyroidism mu nyama zapakhomo ndimatenda a chithokomiro omwe amatsagana ndi kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ake. Mu mkhalidwe wa pathological uwu, kuchuluka kwa thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine kumawonedwa. Kuphwanya kumeneku kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa njira za metabolic, zomwe zimawononga ntchito ya ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe a thupi la nyama.

Hyperthyroidism mu agalu ndizosowa kwambiri. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti nthawi zambiri munthu m'modzi yekha amadwala mwa anthu 150-500 wathanzi, kutengera mtundu ndi kupezeka kwa zovuta zina. Agalu akuluakulu komanso apakati amakonda kwambiri hyperthyroidism. Mitundu yaying'ono ili ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha matendawa. Gender ya kumachitika kwa hyperthyroidism mu agalu sichimawonedwa.

Hyperthyroidism mu amphaka imapezekanso. Zimakhudza nyama kuyambira wazaka 8. Zambiri zimapezeka ndi munthu wazaka 12-13. Nthendayi imakhudzanso amuna ndi akazi onse. Komanso, mtundu wa amphaka suyambitsa zochita zake.

Congenital hyperthyroidism imayamba kugwira ntchito ngati nyama yachepa kwambiri pakhungu. Izi zinayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa metabolic mthupi la mayi, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwamahomoni a chithokomiro mwana wakhanda kapena mwana wamphaka watsopano.

Nyama ikabadwa, kukula kwambiri kwa minyewa yonse kumawonedwa, komwe kumafunikira michere yambiri komanso zinthu zofunikira pamoyo. Pamene mayi atopa kwambiri, ndiye kuti ana akhanda amafunikira kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pofika miyezi 4 amakhala ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro, omwe amatsogolera ku hypothyroidism. Izi ndizotsutsana ndi hyperthyroidism.

Komanso, mtundu wobadwa nawo wa matendawa umayamba pamaso pa zochita za autoimmune mthupi la nyama. Zotsatira zake, chitetezo chake cha mthupi chimayamba kupanga ma antibodies omwe amawononga chithokomiro cha chithokomiro ndikuwononga ntchito ndi chikhalidwe cha ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe.

Acquired hyperthyroidism imatha kuwoneka chifukwa cha zifukwa zotsatirazi:

kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro m'thupi la galu kapena mphaka,
mawonekedwe a chotupa chowopsa cha chithokomiro, chomwe chimadalira timadzi. Amatchedwa chithokomiro chithokomiro. Chotupa chotere ndi chosowa kwambiri,
kukhalapo kwa matenda apadzikoli,
mimba
kukula kwa njira zotupa zomwe zimawononga pang'onopang'ono minofu ya chithokomiro. Zotsatira zake, maselo otsala amapanga mahomoni ambiri a chithokomiro,
ayodini wambiri m'thupi la chinyama.

Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimatsogolera pakukula kwa hyperthyroidism mu nyama ndi benign hyperplasia kapena chithokomiro cha chithokomiro. Zimaphatikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa chiwalo, chomwe chimawoneka ngati gulu la mphesa. Mu 70% ya milandu, ma lobes awiri a chithokomiro amakhudzidwa.

Zizindikiro zakuchitika kwa hyperthyroidism mu nyama ndi:

Pali kusintha kwakukulu pamakhalidwe. Nyama imakhala yopumira, nyengo zosangalalira zomwe zimayenderana ndi kupha. Mphaka kapena galu atha kuwonetsa mkwiyo wake kale
kutsika kwakanthawi kwa thupi, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi kunyowa kwa chakudya,
kugunda kwa mtima kumachuluka
matenda am'mimba amawonedwa,

kutentha kwa thupi kumakwera
kugwedezeka kwa malekezero kumawonedwa,
Nyama imamwa madzi ambiri,
Mphaka kapena galu atayika tsitsi,
Anatulutsa nsidze (kufinya m'maso). Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kukula kwa matenda a Basedova,
Pali chithokomiro, chomwe chimamveka pakhungu la khosi,
kukodza pafupipafupi
nthawi zina pamakhala kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, komwe kungayambitse kutayikira kwadzidzidzi mu nyama.

Hyperthyroidism mu amphaka ndi agalu amawonetsedwa mofanananso ndi kulephera kwa impso, matenda a chiwindi, kapena neoplasia. Izi zikhalidwe za pathological siziyenera kuphatikizidwa pakudziwitsa zomwe zilipo pakati pa nyama. Kuyesedwa kwa mphaka kapena galu kuyenera kuphatikizapo:

kusanthula kwakukulu
kutsimikiza kwa mulingo wa mahomoni a chithokomiro (T4 yonse),
urinalysis.

Nthawi zina, chifuwa cha x-ray, ECG, pulogalamu yasonyezedwa.

Mukalandira zotsatira kuchokera kuyezetsa magazi wamba, kusintha kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi, hematocrit sichimachitika. Mu gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a nyama macrocytosis amawonedwa. Kuchulukana kwakukulu kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumathandizira kuti amasulire kuchuluka kwa erythropoietin, komwe, kumawonjezera maselo ofiira am'magazi. Mutha kuzindikiranso mkhalidwe womwe umadziwika kuti leukogram wopsinjika.

Kusanthula kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi, ntchito yayikulu ya michere ya chiwindi, alkaline phosphatase, ikuwopsa. Komabe, zosinthazi zimadziwika kuti ndizochepa. Ngati kupatuka kwazizolowezi ndizofunikira, ndikofunikira kulingalira zamatenda oyamba. Pakuwerenga ma electrolyte nthawi zambiri, palibe kusintha koyipa komwe kumawonedwa. Nthawi zambiri hyperthyroidism imayendera limodzi ndi kuchuluka kwa urea, creatinine.

Nthawi zambiri, kuti muwadziwitse moyenera, ndikokwanira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa thyroxine m'magazi a nyama. Kukhalapo kwa matendawa kukuwonetsedwa ndi kuwonjezereka kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni awa. Ngati mutatha kusanthula, Zizindikiro zikupezeka kuti zili pamwambamwamba monga zimakhalira, ndikofunikira kubwereza kafukufukuyu pakatha milungu iwiri ndi iwiri. Zotsatira zake zitha kuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa ma concomitant pathologies.

Kuchiza kwa hyperthyroidism mu nyama kuyenera kukhala ndi cholinga chochepetsera kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro.

Pali njira zingapo zochitira izi:

radiotherapy yokhala ndi ayodini. Ndiye chithandizo chothandiza kwambiri. Zovuta ndi njirayi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chithandizo chochepa cha ma kliniki a Chowona Zanyama,

opareshoni. Zimabweretsa zotsatira zabwino, ndipo zimakupatsani mwayi wochotsa zizovuta zosokoneza. Panthawi yopanga opaleshoni, zochitika zina za dokotala wa opaleshoni zimafunikira, zomwe sizotheka nthawi zonse kupeza. Chifukwa chochotsa chithokomiro mosayenera, hypocalcemia imawonongeka mwangozi chifukwa cha zotupa za parathyroid. Mndandanda wamavuto obwera pambuyo pa ntchito umakhalanso ndi chitukuko cha matenda a Horner's, laryngeal paralysis,
mankhwala. Ndi chithandizo chofala kwambiri chomwe chimatenga nthawi yayitali. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala ozikidwa pa thiourea amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amalepheretsa kupanga mahomoni a chithokomiro. Ma veterinarians amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa - Carbimazole, Metimazole, Tiamazole ndi ena. Mankhwala a Beta blocker amagwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi zambiri pochotsa zizindikiro za mtima.

Mankhwalawa a hyperthyroidism mwa nyama, nyamayo imakomera (pakadalibe matenda oopsa). Ndikofunikanso kuti mwiniwake amatsatira mokwanira zomuyambitsa. Kupanda kutero, phindu la chithandizo lidzakhala zero. Matenda a hyperthyroidism ndi osauka omwe amakhala ndi galu kapena mphaka. Komanso, kuchira ndi kukonza mkhalidwe wa chiweto sichichitika ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu cha chiweto.

Murray R., Grenner D., Biochemistry ya anthu // Maukadaulo a anthu olumikizana ndi okhudzana ndi anthu. - 1993. - p. 181-183, 219-224, 270.
Sergeeva, G.K. Nutrition ndi mankhwala azitsamba pa nthawi ya kusintha kwa thupi / G.K. Sergeeva. - M: Phoenix, 2014 .-- 238 c
Naumenko E.V., Popova. P.K., Serotonin ndi melatonin pakuwongolera dongosolo la endocrine. - 1975. - p. 4-5, 8-9, 32, 34, 36-37, 44, 46.
Grebenshchikov Yu.B., Moshkovsky Yu.Sh., Bioorganic chemistry // Mphamvu ya mankhwala, kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya insulin. - 1986. - tsamba 266.
Chitsogozo cha madokotala ambulera uchi. thandizo. Adasinthidwa ndi V.A. Mikhailovich, A.G. Miroshnichenko. Kutulutsa kwachitatu. St. Petersburg, 2005.
Tepperman J., Tepperman H., Physiology of Metabolism ndi Endocrine System. Kuyambitsa maphunziro. - Per. kuchokera ku Chingerezi - M: Mir, 1989 .-- 656 p., Physiology. Zofunikira ndi Dongosolo Lantchito: Zochita Zowerengera / Ed. K.V. Sudakova. - M: Mankhwala. - 2000. -784 p.,
Popova, matenda a Horona a Mkazi a Julia. Njira zabwino kwambiri zamankhwala / Julia Popova. - M: Krylov, 2015 .-- 160 s

Obstetrician-gynecologist, woyimira masayansi azachipatala, DonNMU M. Gorky. Wolemba mabuku ambiri pamasamba 6 a nkhani zamankhwala.

Hypothyroidism mu nyama (hypothyreosis) - matenda oyambitsidwa ndi ziletso za chithokomiro komanso kuchepa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro m'magazi.

Hypothyroidism yoyamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ayodini m'dothi, chakudya ndi madzi.

Mu milandu iyi, matendawa amatchedwa matenda apakati.

Matendawa amapezeka ndi madera enaake okhala ndi radioot isotopes, kupezeka kwa thyreostatics m'zakudya zina (rapeseed, kabichi, mpiru, soya)

Hypothyroidism yachiwiri chifukwa chotupa cha pituitary gland ndi hypothalamus.

Kusintha kwachilengedwe ndi maatomiki kumawonetsa kuphatikizika, kukulitsidwa, kutukusira, granulomas mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, kusintha kwina kwa ziwalo zina.

Pathognomonic ndiwowonjezeka kwambiri mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.
Khungu limakhala louma, limafupika, limawonetsa kusokonezeka kwa kukula kwa tsambalo (kusachedwa kusungunuka, kukula kwa tsitsi lalitali, loonda, lopotana ndi kufota).
Chizindikiro cha matendawa ndikuphwanya ntchito ya mtima (bradycardia, ugonthi, kugawanika kwa mawu amitima, kutsitsa voliyumu ya mano onse pa electrocardiogram, kukulitsa nthawi ya PQ komanso T wave).
Mu nyama zodwala, enophthalmos, hypothermia, kukhumudwa, ndi kuchuluka kwa thupi zimasonyezedwanso.
M'magazi, oligochromia, hypochromia, neutropenia, lymphocytosis, kuchepa kwa milingo ya T3, T4 ndi kuwonjezereka kwa zomwe zili mu TSH zimadziwika.

Matendawa ndi osachiritsika kuneneratu - osamala.

Kuzindikiritsa kumapangidwira kwathunthu kuganizira zomwe zili mu ayodini mu chakudya ndi madzi, mbiri yachipatala ndi mbiri ya zamankhwala ndikuwunika magazi.

Matendawa amasiyanitsidwa ndi matenda a shuga, hyperthyroidism, kunenepa kwambiri, momwe milingo ya T3, T4, TSH imafanana ndi zofunikira.

Hypothyroidism mu agalu ndi njira yodutsitsa thupi yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro. M'magalu, amalembedwa nthawi zambiri.

Gland ya chithokomiro imapanga mahomoni a chithokomiro: triiodothyronine (T3) ndi tetraiodothyronine kapena thyroxine (T4). Mlingo wa katulutsidwe wawo umayendetsedwa mu hypothalamus. Horoni tyroliberin amapangidwa pano. Imagwira mbali ina ya ubongo - chithokomiro, chomwe chimapangitsa kupangika kwa mahomoni olimbitsa thupi a chithokomiro. Ndi TSH yomwe imasungidwa m'mitsempha ndipo imagwira maselo a chithokomiro omwe amapanga ndi kuphatikiza mahomoni olimbikitsa chithokomiro. Fomu yogwira T4 ndi T3 imachedwetsa kutulutsidwa kwa thyroliberin ndi TSH.

Chifukwa chake, kudziwongolera kwokha kwamadzi okwanira kumachitika mthupi, chifukwa chomwe kusungirako kwakanthawi kumasungidwa.

Hypothyroidism mu agalu imatha kukhala chifukwa cha kubadwa kwatsopano kapena kuphunzira.

Pali umboni womwe umawonetsa kukonzekera kwamtundu kwa hypothyroidism. Ngati mayi satulutsa mahomoni okwanira a chithokomiro panthawi yoyembekezera, mwana wosabadwayo amatha kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu la endocrine.

Mwachitsanzo, zachikhulupiriro. Matendawa amayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana amtundu wamanjenje ndikuchedwa kuchepa kwa thupi. Pali mafotokozedwe akuwonetseredwa kwakukulu kwa chiwonetsero cha agalu. Nyama izi sizibwereketsa pachikhalidwe, sizimayanja kukondedwa kapena kuzunzidwa ndi anthu komanso nyama, sizitha kudzipezera chakudya.

Congenital hypothyroidism imatha kuyambitsa kuchepa. Potere, agalu ali ndi kutalika kochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi nyama zina zamtunduwu, zakubadwa komanso mtundu.

Ngati minyewa ya chithokomiro iwonongeka pa nthawi ya moyo wa galu, ndiye kuti ndi hypothyroidism yoyambirira yomwe yapeza.

Itha kuyambitsidwa ndi:

Kutupa kosalekeza kwa chithokomiro chamtunduwu chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwa majini m'thupi lanu. Maselo oyipa amayamba kuona ngati chithokomiro chimakhala chachilendo ndikuchiwukira. Zotsatira zake, katulutsidwe ka mahomoni amachepa, ndipo mulingo wa TSH umakwera, hypothyroidism imayamba. Matendawa amatchedwa autoimmune chithokomiro kapena chithokomiro cha Hashimoto's.
Zosintha mu minofu ya chithokomiro mwachilendo kapena idiopathic atrophy ya chithokomiro.
Kupanda ayodini mu chakudya, madzi.
Chotupa cha chithokomiro.
Matenda opatsirana.

Kodi chiwopsezo cha hypothyroidism choyambirira chomwe chimagaluwa ndi chiyani? Chifukwa chakuchepa kwa kapangidwe ka mahomoni mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, pali chiwonjezeko pakupanga TSH m'matumbo a pituitary. Chovuta ndichakuti kapangidwe ka TSH ndimasamba kapena "kusuntha" mwachilengedwe, kotero malingaliro angapo amakhalabe abwinobwino. Ino ndi gawo loyambirira, limatchulidwanso kuti hypothyroidism. Amalembetsedwa mu 7-18% ya nyama.

Horm yanyimbo yayitali ikusowa mu nthawi, TSH yochulukirapo imapangidwa kuchuluka. Kukhalitsa kwa nthawi yayitali mu agalu kungayambitse kuchepa kwa TSH, komwe kumabweretsa vuto lalikulu mu zochita za thupi. Ino ndi gawo lochedwa kapena hypothyroidism lomwe likupita patsogolo.

Miyezo ya TSH ikhoza kukhudzidwa ndi mankhwala, monga sulfonamides, glucocorticoids, progesterone, ndi ena, ndikupereka chithunzi chabodza cha hypothyroidism yoyamba.

Ngati chithokomiro cha mahomoni a chithokomiro chimasinthika chifukwa cha ma pathologies a ziwalo zina, ndiye kuti matendawa amatchedwa kuti hypothyroidism yachiwiri. Choyamba, izi zimakhudza kusowa kwa kapangidwe ka timadzi toni TSH mu gitu.

Kupunduka kwa kubadwa, njira zotupa, zotupa, kapena kuvulala kwa pituitary. Pankhaniyi, palibe matenda a chithokomiro palokha, koma kuchepa kwa TSH komwe kumayambitsa maselo ake. Pochita izi, kusintha kosasintha kwa pituitary gland ndizosowa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito anticonvulsants ndi glucocorticoids, onse mwanjira ya mankhwala komanso monga gawo lazinthu zachilengedwe.
Kudyetsa mopanda malire.
Kuchotsa chithokomiro.
Zotsatira zina: kulephera kwa mtima kapena impso, sepsis, kuvulala kwamkati ndi zina zambiri. Pankhaniyi, chachikulu ndichakuti kuphwanya kwa mahomoni kumakhala kwachiwiri, ndipo kumatsimikiziridwa osati chifukwa cha matendawo, koma mwamphamvu.

Mfundo ina yofunika. Pali zinthu zingapo, mwachitsanzo, pakati kapena matenda a chiwindi, kapamba, matenda, omwe amatha kupotoza kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro m'magazi.

Milandu yayikulu ya hypothyroidism mu agalu, imakhazikika. Awa ndi mkhalidwe womwe mumachitika zovuta zina mu ubongo, mtima ndi ziwalo zina. Zotsatira zakupha pankhaniyi zili pafupifupi 50%.

Agalu a mitundu yotsatirayi ali pachiwopsezo cha hypothyroidism: ma dachshunds, ma discnauzers aang'ono, poodles, spiderels, mabokosi, Airedale terriers, Dobermann zikhomo, abwezere golide, ma setters aku Ireland, Old English, Scottish, abusa aku Germany, Danish Great Danes. Mabatani amadwala maulendo 2,5 kawiri kuposa amuna. Agalu azaka 4 mpaka 10 amakhudzidwanso.

Hypothyroidism mu agalu amakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo alibe zizindikiro zowoneka bwino kapena zenizeni. M'njira zonsezi, mikhalidwe ya nyamayi ndiyofunika kwambiri.

Mwa zizindikiro zomwe zimadziwika kwambiri:

kufooka wamba, kufoka, kuchepa thupi;
Kulemera kwa thupi kulibe chifukwa
kulimbitsa thupi,
kuchuluka kwa kuzizira
kufooka kwa minofu ndi kusagwirizana koyenda bwino,
Kufa kwa minofu mbali imodzi ya kupukutira: mbali ya pakamwa imatsitsidwa ndipo matope sanatseke,
kuphwanya katulutsidwe wa zotupa ndi tiziwalo tating'ono tating'ono, kukoma kwamkati,
zilonda zam'mimba, zotupa za choroid m'maso kapena uveitis,
kugunda kwamtima pang'ono komanso kugunda kofooka,
vuto
Tsitsi limakhala losalala komanso lakhwima, limayamba kugwa paliponse pazama thupi, kuyambira mchira, kenako thupi lonse.
kutupa kwamatsenga oyera
mabala ochiritsa bwino, mabala opangidwa mosavuta,
“Kuzunzika” mawu ofotokoza chizungulire chifukwa cha kutupa kwambiri pakhungu ndi minyewa yodontha, khungu limazizira kukhudza,
laryngeal ziwalo, kudzimbidwa ndi kubwezeretsanso chakudya,
kusabereka: m'mabande, machitidwe azogonana amasokonezeka. Mwa amuna, testes atrophy ndi zochitika zogonana zimachepa, kufa kwa ana agalu kwalembedwa.

Kuzindikira kumapangidwa pamaziko a zisonyezo za mahomoni a T4, T3 ndi TSH mu seramu yamagazi a galu. Pali mayeso ena, amavomerezedwa ndi veterinarian, kutengera mawonekedwe a hypothyroidism.

Kuti mumvetsetse momwe galu alili, dokotala adzachita kafukufuku, kuyezetsa kuchipatala ndikuwonetsa kuwunika kwa magazi ndi mkodzo pafupipafupi, kuphunzira kwa ma concomitant pathologies ogwiritsira ntchito ECG, ultrasound, radiology ndi njira zina.

Ntchito yayikulu ndikukhazikitsa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala omwe amapanga kuchepa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro. Monga lamulo, awa ndi mawonekedwe opanga mahomoni. Ndikulandila chithandizo chokwanira, kusintha koyenera mu chikhalidwe cha galu kudzaonekera pakatha sabata ndi theka, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa mankhwala a mahomoni kwathunthu pambuyo pa miyezi itatu. Mofananamo, mankhwala a concomitant pathologies adzakhazikitsidwa.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira: veterinarian yekha amasankha mankhwalawo ndi mlingo wake payekhapayekha. Simungasokoneze njira yochiritsira kapena osagwirizana ndi zomwe mwatsimikiza, hypothyroidism ikhoza kubwerera.

Ndi kobadwa nako hypothyroidism, mwachitsanzo, kugona kwa ana agalu, matendawa ndiabwino, popeza kusintha kosasintha kwa mitsempha, mafupa ndi minofu.

Ndi hypothyroidism yoyambirira yomwe yapezeka, matendawa ndi abwino ngati munthu amathandizika panthawi yake komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mahomoni a chithokomiro.

Ndi hypothyroidism yachiwiri yomwe wapeza, kudaliraku kumadalira mkhalidwe wa nyama.

Rhodesian Ridgeback Adanna, wazaka 6, adatumizidwa ku Pride kukapangana ndi endocrinologist Koroleva M.A. chifukwa cha zovuta zamkati. Paphwando, zidapezeka kuti galuyo amalemera makilogalamu 10 mu theka la chaka, adayamba kugwira ntchito, ndipo kusintha kudachitika mchitidwe wogonana. Kutengera ndi zotsatira za kufufuza kwapazonse, mbiri yakale ndi chithunzi, kufufuza koyambirira kunapangidwa - hypothyroidism. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kunatengedwa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro, omwe amatsimikizira kukhalapo kwa matendawa. Dokotala walamula kuti pakhale chithandizo chamankhwala. Pambuyo pa miyezi itatu, galuyo adalemera, adayamba kusewera.

Kuwongolera ku Endocrinology: Monograph. , Mankhwala - M., 2012 .-- 506 p.
Stroykova, A. S. Matenda a shuga omwe akuyang'aniridwa. Moyo wathunthu ndi weniweni! / A.S. Stroykova. - M: Vector, 2010 .-- 192 p.
Sidorov, P. I. Matenda a shuga: malingaliro a m'maganizo: chithunzi. / P.I. Sidorov. - M.: SpetsLit, 2017 .-- 652 p.

Ndiloleni ndidziwitse. Dzina langa ndi Elena. Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito ya endocrinologist kwa zaka zoposa 10. Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakadali pano ndili katswiri pantchito yanga ndipo ndikufuna kuthandiza alendo onse omwe amapezeka patsamba lino kuti athetse zovuta koma osati ntchito. Zinthu zonse za tsambalo amazisonkhanitsa ndikuzikonza mosamala kuti athe kufotokoza zambiri zofunikira. Musanagwiritse ntchito zomwe zikufotokozedwa pa webusaitiyi, kufunsana ndi akatswiri ndizofunikira nthawi zonse.

Kafukufuku wazamalonda ndi mayeso

Mayeso a Hormonal Radio Immune

Magulu a Serum a T4 ndi T3 pamitengo yotsika amaonetsa hypothyroidism, komabe, zinthu zambiri zimatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwamahomoni, kuphatikizapo matenda omwe si a chithokomiro (mwachitsanzo, glucocorticoids, anticonvulsants).

T4 yaulere - theoretically, seramu yaulere ya T4 siyimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matenda ena kapena mankhwalawa. Chifukwa chake, kuyeza kwa T4 yaulere kumatha kukhala chizindikiro cholondola pakuwona kuti hypothyroidism. Kusankha kwa njira yowunikira komanso kulondola kwa labotale ndikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa mayeso ena amakhala ndi kutsimikiza kwazidziwitso pang'ono.

Kuyesa Kwachangu kwa Thyrotropin

M'mbuyomu, adawerengedwa kuti ndi mayeso ofunikira kwambiri okhudzana ndi matenda a hypothyroidism, poyesa kuchuluka kwa T4 isanachitike komanso pambuyo pa utsogoleri wa bovine TSH.

Kuchepa kwa ndende ya T4 pambuyo pa utsogoleri wa TSH kumawerengedwa ngati hypothyroidism.

Kupezeka kosiyana ndi kukwera mtengo kwa mayesowa kumachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwake ponseponse.

Thryotropin-yotulutsa mayeso a kukondoweza kwa mahomoni

Kuyeza kwa pituitary katulutsidwe ka TSH poyesa kukondoweza kwa TSH-kumasula mahomoni poyesa ndende ya T4.

Kuyeza kumeneku ndikotsika mtengo komanso kotsika mtengo kuposa mayeso olimbikitsa a TSH.

Mwachidziwitso, agalu omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism sangayankhe pamayesowa, komabe, kutanthauzira pazotsatira zoyesayesa kumakhalabe kovuta chifukwa chogwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa seramu T4.

TTG mphambu

Mtengo wodalirika wa TSH wa agalu sapezeka. Kuzungulira kwamphamvu kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi onse matenda a hypothyroidism komanso matenda omwe si a chithokomiro.

Maphunziro ena:

Echocardiography imatha kuwonetsa kuchepa kwa kutsika kwa mtima.

ECG - magetsi otsika a R wave ( Yang'anani! Izi ndizongoganizira kokha, sizoperekedwa ngati chithandizo chokwanira pachilichonse. Akuluakulu amakana udindo wolephera ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa komanso mankhwala. Kumbukirani kuti nyamayi ikhoza kukhala yopepuka ku mankhwala ena. Komanso, pali zotsutsana pa kumwa mankhwala a nyama yina kapena zina. Pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe mwapatsidwa, mmalo mothandizidwa ndi veterinarian waluso, mumachita zoopsa zanu. Tikukumbutsani kuti kudzipeza nokha komanso kudzizindikira kumangobweretsa mavuto.

Chithandizo cha Mankhwala a Hypothyroidism

Chithandizo cha mankhwalawa ndi levothyroxine sodium (dzina la malonda L-thyroxine). Mlingo wa Starotov Mlingo wa 0.02-0.04 mg / kg / tsiku tikulimbikitsidwa kuti ayambe kulandira chithandizo. Agalu akuluakulu kwambiri kapena ochepa kwambiri amafunika kuwerengetsa mlingo wa mankhwalawo molingana ndi malo a thupi (.0.5 mg / sq.m. / tsiku, logawidwa mu 2 waukulu). Nthawi zambiri, masabata 4 akuvomerezedwa amafunika kuti azikhala okhazikika.

Contraindication

Machenjezo

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga kapena matenda a mtima, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa mankhwalawa kumayambiriro kwa chithandizo chifukwa chochepa kwambiri cha kagayidwe.

Odwala omwe amakhalanso ndi hypoadrenocorticism ayenera kuonedwa kuti amathandizidwa ndi adrenocorticoids asanayambe chithandizo ndi levothyroxine.

Kuyanjana kotheka

Kukhazikika kwa mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa kumanga mapuloteni a seramu (glucocorticoids, salicylates ndi fentoin) atha kupangitsa kuti pakhale mlingo waukulu wa levothyroxine kapena kuwonjezera kudya.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Triiodothyronine sichiwonetsedwa kawirikawiri chifukwa chowongolera chifukwa imakhala ndi moyo wotsika kwambiri ndipo imayambitsa iatrogenic hyperthyroidism.