Kodi chiwopsezo cha kulekerera glucose ndi chiani?

Kulekerera kwa shuga m'magazi ndi momwe zimakhalira ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, koma chizindikiro ichi sichikufika pamlingo womwe kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga kumapangidwira. Gawo ili la matenda a metabolism a carbohydrate limatha kubweretsa chitukuko cha matenda a shuga 2, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo.

M'magawo oyamba, zamatsenga zimayamba modabwitsa ndipo zimapezeka chifukwa chokhacho cha mayeso a kulolera kwa glucose.

Zambiri

Kulekerera kwa glucose wolumikizika komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa mayamwidwe am'magazi ndimizimba ya thupi kumanenedwa kukhala gawo loyambirira la matenda ashuga (latentabetes mellitus), koma posachedwapa akuti ndi matenda osiyana.

Kuphwanya kumeneku ndi gawo limodzi la metabolic syndrome, komwe kumawonekeranso ndikuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa mafuta a visceral, ochepa oopsa komanso hyperinsulinemia.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero zomwe zilipo, kulekerera kwa glucose komwe kunapezeka ndi anthu pafupifupi 200 miliyoni, pomwe matendawa amapezeka nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Matenda a shuga ku United States amawonedwa mwa mwana aliyense wachinayi wazaka 4 mpaka 10, ndipo mwana aliyense wachisanu azikhala wazaka 11 mpaka 18.

Chaka chilichonse, 5-10% ya anthu omwe ali ndi vuto loleza glucose amatha kusintha kwa matendawa kukhala matenda a shuga (nthawi zambiri kusintha kumeneku kumawonedwa kwa odwala onenepa kwambiri).

Zifukwa zachitukuko

Glucose monga gwero lenileni lamphamvu limapereka njira za metabolic mthupi la munthu. Glucose imalowa m'thupi chifukwa chomwa ma carbohydrate, omwe pambuyo poti amola amachoka m'matumbo am'magazi.

Insulin (mahomoni omwe amapangidwa ndi kapamba) amafunikira kuti glucose akhale ndi minofu yambiri. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzi am'mapapo a plasma, insulin imalola kuti minofu igwire glucose, ndikuchepetsa magazi ake patatha maola 2 mutadya.

Zomwe zimalepheretsa shuga kuloleza mwina chifukwa cha cholowa kapena chikhalidwe. Zomwe zikuthandizira pakukula kwa matendawa ndi:

• chibadwa chamtsogolo (kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga kapena prediabetes mwa abale apafupi),
• kunenepa
• ochepa matenda oopsa
• kukwezeka kwa magazi lipids ndi atherosclerosis,
• matenda a chiwindi, mtima dongosolo, impso,
• gout
• hypothyroidism
• insulin kukana, momwe kudziwa zotumphukira zimakhala zotsatira za insulin amachepetsa (anati ndi kagayidwe kachakudya matenda),
• kutupa kwapancreatic ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulini ipangidwe.
• cholesterol yayikulu
• kumangokhala
• matenda a endocrine dongosolo, momwe mahomoni olimbana ndi mahomoni amapangidwa mopitirira muyeso (Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome, etc.),
• kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri osavuta,
• kumwa glucocorticoids, njira zakulera za pakamwa komanso mankhwala ena a mahomoni.
• zaka 45

Nthawi zina, kuphwanya shuga kuloleza azimayi oyembekezera kumawonekeranso (matenda oopsa a shuga, omwe amawonekera mu 2.0-3,5% ya milandu yonse yomwe imachitika pathupi). Zowopsa zomwe zimabweretsa amayi apakati ndizophatikiza:

• Kunenepa kwambiri, makamaka ngati kulemera kwambiri kumawonekera patatha zaka 18,
• chibadwa
• zaka zopitilira 30
• kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga akaka m'mimba yapitayi,
• polycystic ovary syndrome.

Kulekerera kwa glucose kumachitika chifukwa cha kuphatikizika kwa insulin yotupa komanso kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa minofu.

Kapangidwe ka insulin kamakhudzidwa ndi kudya kwa zakudya (sikuyenera kukhala chakudya), ndipo kumasulidwa kwake kumachitika pamene kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kukwera.

Insulin secretion imatheka chifukwa cha amino acid (arginine ndi leucine) ndi mahomoni ena (ACTH, HIP, GLP-1, cholecystokinin), komanso ma estrogens ndi sulfonylureas. Kuchulukitsa katulutsidwe ka insulini komanso kuwonjezereka kwa plasma ya calcium, potaziyamu kapena mafuta aulere acids.

Katemera wa insulin amene amayamba chifukwa cha mphamvu ya glucagon, timadzi tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatulutsa ma cell.

Insulin imayambitsa transmembrane insulin receptor, yomwe imanena za glycoproteins. Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi cholandirachi ndi zigawo ziwiri za alpha ndi zigawo ziwiri za beta zolumikizidwa ndi ma bond disulfide.

Ma receptor alpha subunits amapezeka kunja kwa cell, ndipo transmembrane protein beta subunits amawongoleredwa mkati mwa cell.

Kuwonjezeka kwamankhwala a glucose nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa ntchito ya tyrosine kinase, koma ndi prediabetes pali kuphwanya pang'ono kwa insulin kumanga kwa receptor. Chomwe chimayambitsa kuphwanya kumeneku ndi kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha ma insulin receptors komanso mapuloteni omwe amapereka ma glucose mayendedwe mu cell (ma glucose transport).

Zida zazikulu zomwe zimayang'aniridwa ndi insulin zimaphatikizapo chiwindi, adipose ndi minofu minofu. Maselo amtunduwu amakhala osaganizira (osagwirizana) ndi insulin. Zotsatira zake, kukoka kwa glucose mu minofu yamipweya kumachepa, kapangidwe ka glycogen kamachepa, ndipo prediabetes imayamba.

Mitundu yomaliza ya shuga imayamba chifukwa cha zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza chitukuko cha insulin:

• kuphwanya kuchuluka kwa ma capillaries, zomwe zimayambitsa kuphwanya kwamtundu wa insulin kudzera mu mtimaotothelium,
• kuchuluka kwa lipoproteins zosinthika,
• acidosis
• kudzikundikira kwa michere yamagulu a hydrolase,
• kukhalapo kwa matenda oyamba a kutupa, etc.

Kukana kwa insulini kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi kusintha kwa molekyulu ya insulin, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa zochitika za mahomoni otsutsana kapena mahomoni apakati.

Kuphwanya kwa kulolerana kwa glucose kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko cha matendawa sikuwonetsedwa. Odwala nthawi zambiri amakhala onenepa kapena onenepa kwambiri, ndipo mayesowo amawulula:

• kusala kwa proteinoglycemia (glucose m'magazi otumphukira ndikwabwinobwino kapena pang'ono kuposa momwe zimakhalira),
• kusowa kwa glucose mkodzo.

Matenda a shuga amatha kutsatiridwa ndi:

• furunculosis,
• magazi m`kamwa ndi matenda osakhalitsa,
• Khungu ndi kuyamwa
• zotupa zopanda machiritso
• kufooka pakugonana, kusamba kwa msambo (amenorrhea ndikotheka),
• angioneuropathy (zotupa zazing'onoting'ono zimayenda ndi magazi osokonezeka, komanso kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, yomwe imayendera limodzi ndi kuwonongeka kwa zovuta) zosiyanasiyana zovuta ndi kutengera kwawoko.

Pamene kuphwanya kukukulira, chithunzi cha chipatala chitha kuphatikizidwa:

• kumva ludzu, kamwa yowuma ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi,
• kukodza pafupipafupi
• kuchepa kwa chitetezo chathupi, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndimatenda a kutupa ndi fungus pafupipafupi.

Zizindikiro

Kuwonongeka kwa kulolera kwa glucose nthawi zambiri kumadziwika mwangozi, popeza odwala sapereka madandaulo aliwonse. Maziko omwe amadziwika ndi matendawa nthawi zambiri amayambitsa kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga, komwe kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose othamanga mpaka 6.0 mmol / L.

• kusanthula kwa mbiri yakale (zomwe zimafotokozedwa pamatenda ophatikizana ndi achibale akufotokozedwa),
• kuwunika kambiri, komwe nthawi zambiri kumawulula kukhalapo kwa thupi kapena kunenepa kwambiri.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a prediabetes ndi kuyesa kwa glucose, komwe kumayesa momwe thupi limayamwa shuga. Pamaso pa matenda opatsirana, kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa ntchito zolimbitsa thupi masana tsiku loyesa lisanachitike (sikugwirizana ndi chizolowezi) ndikumwa mankhwala omwe amakhudza shuga, mayesowo sanachitike.

Musanayesere kuyesedwa, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musachepetse zakudya zanu kwa masiku atatu, kotero kuti kudya kwa mafuta osachepera 150 g patsiku. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi siziyenera kupitirira katundu wamba. Madzulo, musanadye kusanthula, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta omwe azigwiritsidwa ntchito kuyenera kukhala kuyambira 30 mpaka 50 g, pambuyo pake chakudya sichimadyedwa kwa maola 8 mpaka 14 (madzi akumwa amaloledwa).

• kusala magazi magazi kusanthula shuga,
• Kulandila kwa shuga (chifukwa cha 75 ga shuga 250-300 ml ya madzi ndikofunikira),
• mobwerezabwereza sampuli ya magazi kusanthula kwa shuga 2 mawola kumwa shuga.

Nthawi zina, zitsanzo zowonjezera za magazi zimatengedwa mphindi 30 zilizonse.

Mukamayesedwa, kusuta kumaletsedwa kuti zotsatira zake zisinthe.

Kuphwanya shuga kulolera kwa ana kumatsimikizidwanso kugwiritsa ntchito mayesowa, koma "kuchuluka" kwa glucose pamwana kumawerengeredwa kutengera kulemera kwake - 1.75 g ya glucose imatengedwa pa kilogalamu, koma kwathunthu osapitirira 75 g.

Kulekerera kwa glucose kosavomerezeka panthawi yoyembekezera kumayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso apakamwa pakati pa masabata 24 mpaka 28 a mimba. Kuyesaku kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira imodzimodzi, koma zimaphatikizanso muyeso wina wamagulu m'magazi patatha ola limodzi njira yothetsera shuga itachitika.

Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa glucose pakubwerezedwa kwa magazi sayenera kupitirira 7.8 mmol / L. Mkulu wama glucose a 7.8 mpaka 11.1 mmol / L amawonetsa kuloleza kwa glucose, ndipo mulingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa 11.1 mmol / L ndi chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga.

Ndikupeza msanga wama glucose opezeka 7.0 mmol / L, kuyesaku sikothandiza.

Kuyesaku kumawonetsedwa mwa anthu omwe kusala kudya glucose kumadutsa 11.1 mmol / L, ndi omwe adachita kupsinjika kwaposachedwa, opaleshoni kapena kubala mwana.

Ngati kuli kofunikira kudziwa malo osungira insulin, dokotala amatha kutsimikiza kuchuluka kwa C-peptide mogwirizana ndi kuyeserera kwa shuga.

Chithandizo cha prediabetes chimakhazikitsidwa pazotsatira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Therapy imaphatikizapo:

• Kusintha kwa zakudya. Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu za glucose zosafunikira zimafunikira kupatula maswiti (maswiti, makeke, ndi zina), kudya zochepa zam'mimba zophatikizika (ufa ndi pasitala, mbatata), kumwa pang'ono kwamafuta (nyama yamafuta, batala). Zakudya zazing'ono zimavomerezedwa (zosungidwa zazing'ono kangapo patsiku).
• Kulimbitsa zolimbitsa thupi. Olimbikitsidwa zolimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku, mphindi 30 - ola (masewera ayenera kuchitidwa katatu katatu pa sabata).
• Kuchepetsa thupi.

Palibe achire zotsatira, pakamwa hypoglycemic mankhwala zotchulidwa (a-glucosidase inhibitors, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, etc.).

Njira zochizira zimachitidwanso kuti muchepetse chiopsezo (chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chimakonza, kagayidwe ka lipid kakonzedwe, etc.).

Mu 30% ya anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lolephera kuloza glucose, misempha ya m'magazi pambuyo pake imabweranso yokhazikika, koma mwa odwala ambiri ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda amtunduwu.

Matenda a shuga amatha kuthandizira pakukula kwa matenda a mtima.

Kupewa

Kupewa matenda a shuga kumaphatikizapo:

• Chakudya choyenera, chomwe chimachotsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kosalamulika kwa zakudya zotsekemera, ufa ndi mafuta ochulukirapo, ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mavitamini ndi michere.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mokwanira (masewera aliwonse kapena kuyenda kwamtali.) Katundu sayenera kukhala wambiri (kuchuluka ndi kutalika kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono).

Kuwongolera kunenepa kwambiri kumafunikanso, ndipo patatha zaka 40, kuwunika pafupipafupi zaka 2-3 zilizonse.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

NTG (kulolerana kwa shuga) yokhala ndi code yake ya ICD 10 - R 73.0, koma si matenda odziyimira pawokha. Matenda oterewa ndi othandizira pafupipafupi kunenepa kwambiri komanso amodzi mwazizindikiro za metabolic syndrome. Chophwanyacho chimadziwika ndi kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'madzi am'magazi, omwe amapitilira zomwe zili zovomerezeka, komabe osafika ku hyperglycemia.

Izi zimachitika chifukwa cholephera njira ya mayamwidwe a glucose m'maselo a ziwalo chifukwa cha kusakwanira kwa ma cell receptors ku insulin.

Matendawa amatchedwanso prediabetes ndipo, ngati sanachiritsidwe, munthu yemwe ali ndi NTG posakhalitsa amakumana ndi matenda a shuga 2.

Kuphwanya kumadziwika pamsika uliwonse, ngakhale mwa ana ndi odwala ambiri, minyewa yosiyanasiyana imalembedwa. Kunenepa kwambiri nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi kuchepa kwa chidwi cha ma cell receptors kupita ku insulin.

Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zotsatirazi zingakwiyitse NTG:

1. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi. Kukhala moyo wamtopola wophatikizidwa ndi kunenepa kwambiri kumayambitsa zovuta zamagazi, zomwe, zimayambitsa mavuto ndi mtima ndi mtima, komanso zimakhudza kagayidwe kazakudya.
2. Chithandizo cha mahomoni. Mankhwala oterewa amatsogolera kuchepa kwa kuyankha kwa ma cell ku insulin.
3. Makamaka. Jini losinthidwa limakhudza chidwi cha ma receptors kapena magwiridwe antchito a mahomoni. Mtundu woterewu umabadwa, izi zikufotokozera kuzindikiridwa kwa kulekerera kwaubwana. Chifukwa chake, ngati makolo ali ndi vuto la carbohydrate metabolism, ndiye kuti mwanayo amakhalanso pachiwopsezo chotukuka cha NTG.

Ndikofunikira kuyezetsa magazi kuti mulekerere pakachitika izi:

• mimba ndi mwana wosabadwa wamkulu,
• Kubadwa kwa mwana wamkulu kapena womwalira m'mimba yapitayo,
• matenda oopsa
• kutenga zotulutsa,
• matenda a kapamba,
• kuchuluka kwamadzi am'magazi a lipoprotein,
• kupezeka kwa matenda a Cushing's,
• anthu atatha zaka 45-50,
• triglycerides
• hypoglycemia.

Zizindikiro zamatsenga

Kuzindikira matenda am'mimba ndizovuta chifukwa cha kusowa kwa matchulidwe. NTG imapezeka kawirikawiri ndikamayesedwa magazi mukamayesedwa ngati mukudwala matenda ena.

Nthawi zina, momwe matenda a pathological amapita, odwala amalabadira mawonedwe oterowo:

• kulakalaka kumakula kwambiri, makamaka usiku,
• Pali ludzu lamphamvu ndipo luma pakamwa,
• pafupipafupi ndi kuchuluka kukodza kumachulukitsa,
• kuukira kwa migraine kumachitika
• chizungulire chikatha kudya, kutentha kumatuluka.
• kuchepa kwa ntchito chifukwa cha kutopa, kufooka kumamveka,
• chimbudzi chimasokonekera.

Zotsatira zake chifukwa chakuti odwala samalabadira zizindikiro zotere ndipo sathamangira kukaonana ndi dokotala, kuthekera kukonza zovuta za endocrine kumayambiriro kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Koma mwayi wokhala ndi matenda osachiritsika a shuga, m'malo mwake, ukukula.

Kuperewera kwa chithandizo chapanthawi yake, matenda a zam'mimba akupitabe patsogolo. Glucose, kudzikundikira m'madzi am'magazi, amayamba kukhudza mawonekedwe a magazi, ndikuwonjezera acidity yake.

Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha kulumikizana kwa shuga ndi zinthu zamagazi, kachulukidwe kake kamasintha. Izi zimabweretsa zovuta zamagazi, chifukwa chomwe matenda amtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi amakula.

Kuphwanya kwa kagayidwe kazachilengedwe sikudutsa popanda kufufuza machitidwe ena a thupi. Impso zowonongeka, chiwindi, ziwalo zam'mimba.Choyipa chomaliza chosasinthika cha kulolera kwa shuga ndi matenda ashuga.

Njira Zodziwitsira

Ngati NTG ikukayikiridwa, wodwalayo amatumizidwa kuti akambirane ndi endocrinologist. Katswiriyu amatenga chidziwitso cha moyo wa wodwalayo ndi chikhalidwe chake, kumveketsa madandaulo, kupezeka kwa matenda olimba, komanso milandu ya endocrine pakati pa abale.

Gawo lotsatira lidzakhala kusankha kwa owunika:

• zamankhwala amwazi
• kuyezetsa magazi kwakukulu,
• urinalysis kwa uric acid, shuga ndi cholesterol.

Kuyesa kwakukulu koyesera ndikoyesa kulolera.

Pamaso mayeso, zinthu zingapo ziyenera kuchitika:

• chakudya chomaliza musanapereke magazi chiyenera kukhala maola 8-10 musanayambe kuphunzira,
• nkhawa ndi thupi ziyenera kupewa,
• osamwa mowa masiku atatu mayeso asanachitike,
• simungathe kusuta patsiku la kafukufuku,
• simungathe kupereka magazi chifukwa cha ma virus ndi chimfine kapena mukangochita opaleshoni yaposachedwa.

Kuyesedwa kumachitika motere:

• magazi oyesa amayesedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu,
• wodwalayo amapatsidwa shuga kuti amwe kapena njira yovomerezeka imaperekedwa,
• Pambuyo pa maola 1-1,5, kuyezetsa magazi kumabwerezedwa.

Kuphwanya kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro za shuga:

• magazi otengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu - oposa 5.5 ndi ochepera 6 mmol / l,
• magazi omwe amatengedwa maola 1.5 pambuyo poti katundu wa carbohydrate aposa 7.5 ndi wochepera 11.2 mmol / L.

Chithandizo cha NTG

Zoyenera kuchita ngati NTG yatsimikiziridwa?

Nthawi zambiri, zoyambitsa matenda ndi izi:

• yang'anirani shuga
• kuwunika kuthamanga kwa magazi
• kuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi
• kutsatira zakudya, kupeza kuwonda.

Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa atha kutumizidwa omwe amathandizira kuchepetsa chilimbikitso ndikuthandizira kuchepa kwa maselo amafuta.

Kufunika kwa Zakudya Zoyenera

Kutsatira mfundo za zakudya zoyenera ndikofunika kwa munthu wathanzi, komanso kwa wodwala ndikuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya, kusintha kwa zakudya ndiye njira yayikulu yothandizira.

Malamulo a zakudya ali motere:

1. Chakudya cham'mbali. Muyenera kudya pafupipafupi, nthawi zosachepera 5 patsiku komanso zazing'ono. Zakudya zomaliza ziyenera kukhala maola angapo asanagone.
2. Imwani tsiku lililonse kuyambira 1.5 mpaka 2 malita a madzi oyera. Izi zimathandizira kuchepetsa magazi, kuchepetsa kutupa ndi kufulumizitsa kagayidwe.
3. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi ufa wa tirigu, komanso zotsekemera zonona, maswiti ndi maswiti samachotsedwa ntchito.
4. Muchepetse kudya zamasamba komanso mizimu yochepa kwambiri.
5. Onjezani masamba omwe ali ndi fiber yambiri. Zipatso, ma greens ndi zipatso zosavomerezeka ndizovomerezeka.
6. Kuchepetsa kudya kwamchere ndi zonunkhira m'zakudya.
7. Shuga wogwirizira ndi zotsekemera zachilengedwe, uchi umaloledwa pang'ono.
8. Pewani menyu wazakudya ndi zopangidwa ndi mafuta ambiri.
9. Mkaka wokhala ndi mafuta ochepa komanso mkaka wowawasa, nsomba ndi nyama yopanda mafuta amaloledwa.
10. Zinthu zophika buledi zimayenera kupangidwa kuchokera ku chimanga chonse kapena ufa wa rye, kapena kuwonjezera kwa chinangwa.
11. Kuchokera ku mbewu monga chimanga kuti mukonde barele wa pearl, buckwheat, mpunga wa bulauni.
12. Chepetsani kwambiri pasitala wamkulu, semolina, oatmeal, mpunga wa peeled.

Pewani kufa ndi njala komanso kudya kwambiri, komanso kudya zakudya zochepa zopatsa mphamvu. Zakudya za calorie za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kukhala mumitundu 1600-2000 kcal, pomwe zovuta zam'mimba zimapatsa 50%, mafuta pafupifupi 30% ndi 20% pazinthu zama protein. Ngati pali matenda a impso, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni kumachepetsedwa.

Masewera olimbitsa thupi

Mfundo ina yofunika yothandizira ndi kuchita zolimbitsa thupi. Kuti muchepetse kunenepa, muyenera kuyambitsa mphamvu yochulukirapo, kuwonjezera, izi zingathandize kuchepetsa shuga.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumathandizira njira zama metabolic, kusintha magazi, kumalimbitsa mtima makoma ndi minofu ya mtima. Izi zimalepheretsa kukula kwa atherosulinosis ndi matenda a mtima.

Chofunikira kwambiri pakulimbitsa thupi chizikhala masewera olimbitsa thupi. Amatsogolera kukuwonjezeka kwa kugunda kwa mtima, komwe kumathandizira kuchepa kwa maselo amafuta.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda oopsa komanso ma pathologies a mtima, magulu ocheperako kwambiri ndi oyenera. Kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, kusambira, masewera olimbitsa thupi osavuta, ndiye kuti, chilichonse chomwe sichimabweretsa kukakamizidwa ndikuwoneka kufupika kapena kupweteka mumtima.

Kwa anthu athanzi, makalasi ayenera kusankha kwambiri. Kuthamanga, kudumpha chingwe, kukwera njinga, kudumphadumpha kapena kusewera, kuvina, masewera amtimu ndioyenera. Zida zolimbitsa thupi ziyenera kupangidwa m'njira yoti zolimbitsa thupi zambiri zizikhala ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Mkhalidwe waukulu ndikuchitika pafupipafupi kwamakalasi. Ndikwabwino kuthera mphindi 30-60 m'makalasi azamasewera tsiku lililonse kuposa kuchita maola awiri kapena atatu kamodzi pa sabata.

Ndikofunikira kuwunika bwino. Kuwoneka kwa chizungulire, mseru, kupweteka, chizindikiro cha matenda oopsa kuyenera kukhala chizindikiro chochepetsa kuchuluka kwa katundu.

Mankhwala

Popanda zotsatira kuchokera kuzakudya ndi zamasewera, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikofunikira.

Mankhwala oterewa akhoza kulembedwa:

• Glucophage - amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikuletsa kuyamwa kwa chakudya chamafuta, kumapereka zotsatira zabwino kuphatikiza ndi chakudya,
• Metformin - imachepetsa njala ndi shuga, imalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa chakudya komanso kupanga insulin,
• Acarbose - amachepetsa shuga
• Siofor - imakhudza kupanga kwa insulini komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga, kumachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala okhala ndi chakudya

Ngati ndi kotheka, mankhwala amathandizidwa kuti azitha kuthamanga magazi komanso kubwezeretsanso mtima.

• pitani kwa dokotala pamene zizindikiro zoyambira zamatenda zimakula,
• mumayesedwa pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi,
• pamaso pa ovary ya polycystic ndi kupezeka kwa matenda osokoneza bongo, kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga kuyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi,
• kupatula mowa ndi kusuta,
• kutsatira malamulo azakudya,
• patsani nthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse,
• yang'anani kulemera kwanu, ngati kuli kotheka, chotsani mapaundi owonjezera,
• osadzilimbitsa-mankhwala onse ayenera kumwedwa kokha ngati akuwuzani dokotala.

Zolemba pa kanema za prediabetes komanso momwe mungachitire:

Kusintha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zovuta za carbohydrate metabolism, ndikuyamba kwakanthawi kachipatala ndikutsatira malangizo onse a dokotala, ndikofunikira kuwongolera. Kupanda kutero, chiopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga chikuwonjezeka kwambiri.