Mchitidwe wamagulu a shuga masana ndi madzulo

Kusanthula kwa shuga ndi njira yofunikira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, komanso kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chiyembekezo. Kwa gulu lachiwiri, ndikofunikanso kuyeserera magazi pafupipafupi mwa akulu ndi ana pofuna kupewa matenda. Ngati magazi a glucose achuluka, muyenera kufunsa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Koma kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudziwa zomwe munthu ayenera kukhala ndi shuga.

Kafukufuku

Ndi zaka, mphamvu ya insulin zolandila imachepa. Chifukwa chake, anthu atakwanitsa zaka 34 - 35 ayenera kuyang'anira kusinthasintha kwa shuga tsiku lililonse, kapena osachepera kamodzi. Zomwezi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa ana omwe ali ndi chiyembekezo chokhala ndi matenda ashuga 1 (pakapita nthawi, mwana amatha "kupitiratu", koma popanda kuwongoletsa magazi a chala kuchokera kumunwe, kupewa, amatha kudwala). Oyimira gulu lino amafunikanso kuchita chimodzi mwamasana (makamaka pamimba yopanda kanthu).

Njira yosavuta yosinthira kuchokera pa chala pamimba yopanda kanthu pogwiritsa ntchito mita ya shuga m'magazi. Glucose m'magazi a capillary ndiwothandiza kwambiri. Ngati mukufunikira kuyeza miyezo ndi glucometer, chitani izi:

1. Yatsani chipangizocho,
2. Pogwiritsa ntchito singano, yomwe tsopano ali nayo pafupi, bowani khungu pachala,
3. Ikani zitsanzo pachiwonetsero,
4. Ikani chingwe choyesera mu chipangizocho ndikudikirira kuti zotsatira ziziwonekera.

Manambala omwe amawoneka ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kuwongolera mwa njirayi ndikofunika kwambiri komanso kokwanira kuti musaphonye zomwe zikuchitika pakamachitika kuwerenga kwa glucose, komanso momwe magazi a munthu wathanzi amatha kupitirira.

Zizindikiro zopindulitsa kwambiri zimatha kupezeka kwa mwana kapena wamkulu, ngati zimayezedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Palibe kusiyana pa momwe mungaperekere magazi a mankhwala a glucose pamimba yopanda kanthu. Koma kuti mumve zambiri, mungafunike kupereka magazi kwa shuga mutatha kudya ndi / kapena kangapo patsiku (m'mawa, madzulo, mutatha kudya chakudya). Kuphatikiza apo, ngati chizindikirocho chikuwonjezeka pang'ono mutatha kudya, izi zimadziwika.

Kulingalira zotsatira

Zomwe zimawerengedwazi ndikamayesedwa ndi mita yamagazi m'magazi, ndizosavuta kudziyimira pawokha. Chizindikirocho chikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta a glucose mu sampuli. Chiyeso cha muyezo mmol / lita. Nthawi yomweyo, mulingo wambiri ungasiyane pang'ono kutengera mita yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ku USA ndi Europe, magawo a miyeso ndiosiyana, omwe amalumikizidwa ndi njira yowerengera yosiyana. Zida zotere nthawi zambiri zimathandizidwa ndi tebulo zomwe zimathandiza kusintha kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa wodwala kukhala magawo aku Russia.

Kusala kudya kumakhala kotsika kuposa mukatha kudya. Nthawi yomweyo, sampuli ya shuga yochokera m'mitsempha imawonetsa pang'ono m'mimba yopanda kanthu poyesa kudya mwachangu chala (mwachitsanzo, kubalalika kwa 0, 1 - 0, 4 mmol pa lita, koma nthawi zina glucose wamagazi amatha kusiyanasiyana ndikofunikira kwambiri).

Kudandaula kwa dokotala kuyenera kuchitika pamene kuyesedwa kovuta kwambiri - mwachitsanzo, kuyesa kwa glucose pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kutenga "glucose katundu". Sikuti odwala onse amadziwa zomwe zimachitika. Zimathandizira kuwona momwe kuchuluka kwa shuga kumasinthira kwakanthawi pambuyo poyamwa shuga. Kuti muchite izi, mpanda umapangidwa musanalandire katundu. Pambuyo pake, wodwalayo amamwa 75 ml ya katundu. Pambuyo pa izi, zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga m'magazi ziyenera kuchuluka. Nthawi yoyamba ya shuga amawayeza pambuyo theka la ola. Ndiye - ola limodzi mutatha kudya, ola limodzi ndi theka ndi maola awiri mutadya. Kutengera ndi izi, zimafotokozeredwa za momwe shuga ya magazi imakhazikidwira chakudya, zomwe zili zovomerezeka, kuchuluka kwa glucose komanso nthawi yayitali bwanji mutatha kudya.

Zizindikiro za odwala matenda ashuga

Ngati munthu ali ndi matenda ashuga, msinkhu umasintha kwambiri. Malire ovomerezeka pamilandu iyi ndi apamwamba kuposa anthu athanzi. Zizindikiro zokwanira zovomerezeka musanadye, mukatha kudya, wodwala aliyense amakhazikitsidwa payekhapayekha, kutengera mtundu wake wa thanzi, kuchuluka kwa chindapusa cha matenda ashuga. Kwa ena, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa shuga mu sampuli sayenera kupitirira 6 9, ndipo kwa ena 7 - 8 mmol pa lita - izi ndizabwinobwino kapenanso mulingo wabwino wa shuga mutatha kudya kapena pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Zisonyezo mwa anthu athanzi

Kuyesera kuwongolera mulingo wawo mwa amayi ndi abambo, odwala nthawi zambiri samadziwa kuti momwe munthu wathanzi ayenera kukhalira asanadye ndi chakudya, madzulo kapena m'mawa. Kuphatikiza apo, pali kuphatikiza kwa shuga wabwinobwino osala kudya ndi mphamvu zake pakusintha kwa ola limodzi mutatha kudya malinga ndi msinkhu wa wodwalayo. Nthawi zambiri, munthu wamkulu akamakalamba, ndiye kuti ndi zomwe zimakhala zovomerezeka. Manambala omwe ali patebulopo akuwonetsa izi.

Glucose wovomerezeka mu mtunduwo mwa zaka

Pakukhazikika kocheperako pang'ono kuchokera pamanambala awa mwa akulu ndi ana, muyenera kufunsa dokotala yemwe angakuwuzeni momwe mungapangire shuga m'mimba pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikulemba mankhwala. Maphunziro owonjezera atha kutumizidwa (momwe mungapereke kusanthula kuti mupeze zotsatira zowonjezereka mudzadziwitsidwa ndi ogwira ntchito yazaumoyo ndikupatsidwa lingaliro). Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti kupezeka kwa matenda opatsirana kumakhudzanso omwe shuga amawona ngati abwinobwino. Mapeto ake pazomwe ayenera kukhala chizindikiro amatsimikiziranso adokotala.

Payokha, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti shuga yamagazi azaka 40 ndi kupitirira, komanso azimayi oyembekezera, amatha kusinthasintha pang'ono chifukwa cha kusalinganika kwa mahomoni. Komabe, zosachepera zitatu mwa zinayi zoyenera kukhala pazovomerezeka.

Magawo a Chakudya Chotsatira

Shuga wabwinobwino mukatha kudya m'magayidwe ashuga komanso anthu athanzi ndi osiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, osati kuchuluka kwake komwe kumakwera mutatha kudya, komanso kusintha kwa zomwe zimasintha, zomwe zikuchitika pankhaniyi zimasiyananso. Gome ili pansipa likuwonetsa zambiri pazomwe zimachitika kwakanthawi kwakudya m'munthu wathanzi komanso wodwala matenda ashuga malinga ndi data ya WHO (deta ya akulu). Chimodzimodzi ponseponse, chiwerengerochi ndi cha akazi ndi amuna.

Nthawi zambiri mukatha kudya (kwa anthu athanzi komanso odwala matenda ashuga)

Mu ana, nthawi zambiri, mphamvu ya chakudya chamafuta chimafanana, ndikusinthidwa koyambira kotsika. Popeza poyamba kuwerengako kunali kotsika, zikutanthauza kuti shuga sadzakwera kwambiri ngati munthu wamkulu. Ngati pali shuga 3 pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndiye kuti maumboni ola 1 mukatha kudya awonetse 6.0 - 6.1, ndi ena.

Mchitidwe wa shuga mutatha kudya ana

(chosonyeza mwa munthu wathanzi)Zisonyezero mu ana pambuyo kudya (1 ola) mmol pa litaGlucose amawerengera maola awiri mutatha kudya, mmol pa litaMkhalidwe wathanzi 3,3 mmol pa lita6,15,1Ndi wathanzi 6,19,0 – 11,08,0 – 10,0Glucose kulolerana vuto, prediabetes 6.2 ndi okwera11,110,1Matenda a shuga

Ndikosavuta kunena za kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi komwe amakuwona kukhala kovomerezeka mwa ana. Mwachizolowezi m'malo onsewo, adokotala adzayimba. Izi ndichifukwa choti nthawi zambiri kuposa anthu akuluakulu, kusinthasintha kumawonedwa, shuga amadzuka ndikugwa masana kwambiri. Mulingo wabwinobwino nthawi zosiyanasiyana mukatha kudya chakudya cham'mawa kapena mutatha maswiti amathanso kusintha mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zaka. Zizindikiro m'miyezi yoyamba ya moyo sizokhazikika. Pazaka izi, muyenera kuyeza shuga (kuphatikiza mukatha kudya pambuyo 2 maola kapena shuga pambuyo 1 ora) pokhapokha umboni wa adokotala.

Kusala kudya

Monga mukuwonera pamatafura pamwambapa, kuchuluka kwa shuga masana kumasiyanasiyana malinga ndi chakudya. Komanso, kusokonezeka kwa minofu ndi chiwonetsero chazomwe zimachitika masana masana masana (kusewera masewera kumapangira chakudya zamagetsi kukhala mphamvu, ndiye kuti shuga ilibe nthawi yoti inyuke nthawi yomweyo, ndipo kukhudzidwa kwamalingaliro kumatha kubweretsa kudumpha). Pazifukwa izi, kuchuluka kwa shuga pakapita nthawi yambiri mutatha kudya chakudya sikufuna nthawi zonse. Sikoyenera kutsatira ngati zitsamba zimakhalabe mwa munthu wathanzi.

Mukamayeza usiku kapena m'mawa, musanadye chakudya cham'mawa, chizolowezi ndichofunikira kwambiri. Mukatha kudya, imadzuka. Pachifukwa ichi, pafupifupi mayesero onse amtunduwu amaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Si odwala onse omwe amadziwa kuchuluka kwa momwe munthu ayenera kukhala ndi shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu komanso momwe angayesere molondola.

Kuyesedwa kumachitika nthawi yomweyo wodwalayo atagona. Osamawombera mano kapena kutafuna chingamu. Komanso pewani zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, chifukwa zimatha kutha kuchepa kwa magazi m'magazi (chifukwa chake izi zimachitika pamwamba). Tengani zitsanzozo pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikufanizira zotsatira ndi tebulo lomwe lili pansipa.

Miyeso yolondola

Ngakhale kudziwa chomwe chizizirocho chiyenera kukhala, mutha kupanga lingaliro lolakwika pa vuto lanu ngati muyeza molakwika shuga pamametayo (mukatha kudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi, usiku, ndi zina zambiri). Odwala ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe angatenge pambuyo chakudya? Zisonyezero zamagazi m'magazi mukatha kudya zimakula nthawi zonse (zochuluka motani ndi thanzi la munthu). Chifukwa chake, mutatha kudya shuga ndiosasintha. Kuti muziwongolera, ndibwino kuyeza shuga musanadye m'mawa.

Koma izi zimachitika kokha kwa anthu athanzi. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amafunika kuyang'aniridwa, mwachitsanzo, ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumayendetsedwa atatha kudya akamamwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga kapena insulin. Kenako muyenera kutenga miyezo 1 ora ndi 2 maola pambuyo shuga (chakudya mafuta).

Ndikofunikanso kulingalira komwe chitsanzocho chimachokera, mwachitsanzo, chizindikiritso cha 5 9 mu mtundu kuchokera mu mtsempha chitha kuganiziridwa mopitilira muyeso wa prediabetes, pomwe mu chisonyezo chala chala chimatha chizindikirochi chimakhala chabwinobwino.

Momwe shuga limakhalira masana

Mankhwala, shuga wamagazi amawerengedwa ngati njira yofunika yodziwira matenda. Muyenera kudziwa za zizindikiro zake pazaka zilizonse. Shuga akamalowa m'thupi la munthu, amasinthidwa kukhala shuga. Kugwiritsa ntchito shuga, mphamvu imakhala ndi maselo aubongo ndi machitidwe ena.

Shuga wabwinobwino mwa munthu wathanzi pamimba yopanda kanthu ali mumtunda wa 3.2 - 5.5 mmol / L. Pambuyo pa nkhomaliro, ndi chakudya chokhazikika, glucose amatha kusintha ndikufika pa 7.8 mmol / h, izi zimadziwikanso ngati chizolowezi. Miyezi imeneyi amawerengedwa kuti ayesere magazi kuchokera chala.

Ngati kuyesedwa kwa magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu kumachitidwa ndi mpanda kuchokera kumitsempha, ndiye kuti chiwonetserocho chidzakhala chokwera pang'ono. Mwanjira iyi, shuga yamagazi ambiri amawerengedwa kuti amachokera ku 6.1 mmol / L.

Zotsatira zikaoneka kuti sizingakhale zodalirika, muyenera kusamalira njira zina zowunika. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti mupeze mayendedwe opangira ma laboratory kuchokera chala komanso kuchokera mu mtsempha.

Nthawi zambiri amayesa glycosylated hemoglobin. Kafukufukuyu amakupatsani mwayi kuti muwonetsetse zazikuluzikulu zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga, kuphatikiza chifukwa chake ndizokwera nthawi zina.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga, kuchuluka kwa glucose musanadye ayenera kukhala 4-7 mmol / L, ndipo maola awiri mutatha kudya - oposa 8.5 mmol / L. Mtundu 2 wa shuga, glucose asanadye nthawi zambiri amakhala 4-7 mmol / L, ndipo atatha kudya amapezeka 9mmol / L. Ngati shuga ndi 10 mmol / l kapena kuposerapo, izi zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa matendawa.

Ngati chizindikirocho chili pamwamba pa 7 mmol / l, titha kulankhula za mtundu wa shuga 2 womwe ulipo.

Kupatuka pang'ono pazomwezo ndizotheka.

Kuopsa kochepetsa shuga

Nthawi zambiri shuga wamagazi amatsika. Izi ndizofunikira kuwonetsedwa kwa vuto m'thupi monga mulingo wambiri wa glucose.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa mavutowa. Zizindikiro zimawoneka ngati shuga mutatha kudya ndi 5 mmol / L kapena kutsikira.

Pamaso pa matenda a shuga, shuga osakwanira amawopseza ndi zotsatira zoyipa. Zizindikiro za matenda awa:

• njala yosalekeza
• kutopa kochepera ndi kutopa,
• thukuta kwambiri
• kuchuluka kwa mtima
• kulira kwamilomo kosalekeza.

Ngati shuga amadzuka m'mawa ndikuchepa m'mawa, ndipo zoterezi zimachitika pafupipafupi, ndiye chifukwa chake, zochitika zaubwinobwino zamunthu zimatha kusokonekera.

Kuchokera pakusowa kwa shuga mthupi, kuthekera kwa ntchito yofananira ya ubongo kumatayika, ndipo munthu sangathe kuyanjana mokwanira ndi dziko lakunja. Ngati shuga ndi 5 mmol / L kapena kutsika, ndiye kuti thupi la munthu silingabwezeretse mkhalidwe wake. Miyeziyo ikachepetsedwa kwambiri, minyewa imatha kuchitika, ndipo nthawi zina zotsatira zake zimakhala zoopsa.

Odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo

Shuga amatha kumayendetsedwa tsiku lililonse. Kuti mumalize ntchitoyi, mudzafunika glucometer. Chipangizochi chitha kugulidwa ku mankhwala aliwonse. Miyeso imatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kudya.

Kuwongolera koteroko kumapereka mpata kuti azindikire matenda omwe akudwala. Ndipo mukangofunafuna chithandizo, mankhwalawo amathandizika kwambiri popanda zovuta komanso zovuta kwa madokotala.

Kuti athetse chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga, anthu ambiri ayenera kuwongolera shuga awo pakatha chakudya chilichonse. Ngati chizindikirochi chikuwonetsa kangapo mtengo wopitilira ma unit 7, alamu ayenera kudzutsidwa. Mwina matenda ashuga ayamba kale kukula mthupi.

• odwala onenepa kwambiri
• anthu omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi
• odwala kwambiri cholesterol
• azimayi omwe adabereka ana onenepa
  

Zambiri

Mu thupi, njira zonse za metabolic zimachitika mogwirizana. Ndi kuphwanya kwawo, matenda osiyanasiyana ndi matenda am'matumbo amayamba, pakati pake pomwe pali kuwonjezeka shugamu magazi.

Tsopano anthu amamwa shuga wambiri, komanso chakudya chamafuta ambiri. Palinso umboni kuti kumwa kwawo kwachulukitsa ka 20 m'zaka zapitazi. Kuphatikiza apo, zachilengedwe ndi kukhalapo kwa kuchuluka kwa zakudya zopanda chilengedwe m'zakudya zakhudza thanzi la anthu posachedwa. Zotsatira zake, njira za metabolic zimasokonekera mwa ana ndi akulu omwe. Kusokonezeka kwa lipid metabolism, kuchuluka kochulukirapo pa kapamba, kamene kamatulutsa mahomoniinsulin.

Pabwana, mikhalidwe yolakwika ya kudya imapangidwa - ana amadya sopo wokoma, chakudya mwachangu, tchipisi, maswiti, ndi zina zotere.Zotsatira zake - zizindikiro za matenda ashuga zimatha kuchitika ngakhale mwa mwana, pomwe kale matenda ashuga Amawaganizira kuti ndi matenda a okalamba. Pakadali pano, zizindikiro zakuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi zimawonedwa kawiri kawiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa odwala matenda ashuga kumayiko otukuka kukukulira chaka chilichonse.

Glycemia Izi ndizomwe zili ndi shuga m'magazi a anthu. Kuti mumvetsetse tanthauzo la lingaliro ili, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti glucose ndi ziti ndikuwonetsa zomwe glucose ayenera kukhala.

Glucose - chomwe ndi thupi, zimatengera kuchuluka kwa zomwe munthu amadya. Glucose ndiye monosaccharide, chinthu chomwe ndi mtundu wamafuta m'thupi la munthu, michere yofunika kwambiri kumachitidwe amanjenje apakati. Komabe, zochulukirapo zake zimadzetsa kuvulaza thupi.

Mwazi wamagazi

Kuti mumvetsetse ngati matenda akulu akupezeka, muyenera kudziwa bwino lomwe mulingo wabwinobwino wa shuga mwa akulu ndi ana. Mulingo wothira magazi, womwe ndi wofunikira kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito, umakhala ndi insulin. Koma ngati kuchuluka kwa mahomoni awa sikupangidwa, kapena matupi awo samayankha mokwanira ku insulin, ndiye kuti shuga yamagazi imakwera. Kuwonjezeka kwa chizindikiro ichi kumakhudzidwa ndi kusuta, zakudya zopanda thanzi, komanso zovuta zina.

Yankho la funsoli, kodi shuga ndimagazi a munthu wamkulu bwanji, limapereka World Health Organisation. Pali miyeso yovomerezeka ya shuga. Kuchuluka kwa shuga okwanira m'mimba yopanda kanthu kuchokera m'mitsempha yamagazi (magazi amathanso kukhala kuchokera mu mtsempha kapena chala) akuonetsedwa patebulo pansipa. Zizindikiro zikuwonetsedwa mu mmol / L.

Chifukwa chake, ngati zizindikirozo zili pansipa, ndiye kuti munthu hypoglycemiangati apamwamba - hyperglycemia. Muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti zosankha zilizonse ndizowopsa mthupi, chifukwa izi zikutanthauza kuti kuphwanyidwa kumachitika mthupi, ndipo nthawi zina kumasintha.

Munthu akamakula, mphamvu yake ya insulin imayamba kuchepa chifukwa chakuti ena mwa ma cell amafa, komanso kulemera kwa thupi kumakulanso.

Amavomerezedwa kuti ngati magazi a capillary ndi venous ayesedwa, zotsatira zake zimatha kusinthasintha pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, pozindikira zomwe zili bwinobwino shuga, zotsatira zake zimakhala zochulukirapo. Mulingo wamba wamadzimadzi magazi ndi 3.5-6.1, magazi a capillary ndi 3.5-5,5. Mchitidwe wa shuga mutatha kudya, ngati munthu ali wathanzi, amasiyana pang'ono ndi izi, akukwera mpaka 6.6. Pamwamba pa chizindikiro ichi mwa anthu athanzi, shuga samachuluka. Koma musakhale ndi mantha kuti shuga ya magazi ndi 6,6, chochita - muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Ndizotheka kuti kafukufuku wotsatira akhale ndi zotsikirapo. Komanso, ngati mungapange kusanthula kamodzi, shuga wamagazi, mwachitsanzo, 2.2, muyenera kubwereza kusanthula kwanu.

Chifukwa chake, sikokwanira kungoyesa shuga kamodzi kokha kuti mudziwe matenda a shuga. Ndikofunikira maulendo angapo kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, momwe nthawi iliyonse imatha kupitilira muyeso wosiyanasiyana. Mapindikira apakati akuyenera kuwunikiridwa. Ndikofunikanso kuyerekezera zotsatirazo ndi zizindikiro ndi deta yoyeserera. Chifukwa chake, mukalandira zotsatira za mayeso a shuga, ngati 12, choti muchite, katswiri adzakuuzani. Zotheka kuti ndi shuga 9, 13, 14, 16, matenda a shuga atha kukayikiridwa.

Koma ngati chizolowezi cha shuga m'magazi chitha kupitirira apo, ndipo zizindikiritsozo kuyambira chala ndi 5.6-6.1, ndipo kuchokera m'mitsempha ndikuyambira 6.1 mpaka 7, izi zimadziwika kuti prediabetes(kulolerana kwa shuga).

Ndi zotsatira kuchokera mu mtsempha wa oposa 7 mmol / l (7.4, etc.), ndipo kuchokera chala - pamwamba pa 6.1, tikulankhula kale za matenda ashuga. Pa mayeso odalirika a matenda ashuga, mayeso amagwiritsidwa ntchito - glycated hemoglobin.

Komabe, popanga mayeso, zotsatira zake nthawi zina zimatsimikiziridwa kuti zimakhala zochepa poyerekeza ndi shuga wamagazi mwa ana ndi akulu omwe amapereka. Kodi shuga ndi chiyani mwa ana amapezeka pagome pamwambapa. Ndiye ngati shuga ndi ochepa, amatanthauza chiyani? Ngati mulingo wachepera 3.5, izi zikutanthauza kuti wodwalayo wapanga hypoglycemia. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga achepetse amatha kukhala othandizira, ndipo amatha kukhala ogwirizana ndi pathologies. Mwazi wamagazi umagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza matendawa ndikuwunika momwe chithandizo cha matenda a shuga chikugwirira ntchito komanso chiphuphu cha shuga. Ngati glucose musanadye, ola limodzi kapena maola awiri mutatha kudya, osapitilira 10 mmol / l, ndiye kuti mtundu wa 1 shuga umalipidwa.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, njira zowunikira zimagwira. Pamimba yopanda kanthu, mulingo sayenera kupitirira 6mmol / l, masana chovomerezeka sichiri kuposa 8,25.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyeza magazi awo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala magazi shuga mita. Kuunikira moyenera zotsatirazi zikuthandizira tebulo loyeza ndi glucometer.

Kodi shuga amapezeka motani tsiku lililonse kwa munthu? Anthu athanzi ayenera kupanga mokwanira zakudya zawo popanda maswiti ogwiritsa ntchito molakwika, odwala matenda ashuga - amatsatira malangizo a dokotala mosamala.

Chizindikiro ichi chikuyenera kuyang'anira akazi. Popeza azimayi ali ndi mawonekedwe ena a kuthupi, kuchuluka kwa shuga mumagazi kumatha kusiyanasiyana. Kuchuluka kwa glucose sikuti nthawi zonse kumakhala matenda. Chifukwa chake, popanga kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa akazi, ndikofunikira kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi sikumadziwika pakapita msambo. Munthawi imeneyi, kuwunikaku kungakhale kosadalirika.

Mwa azimayi patatha zaka 50, nthawi ya kusintha kwa thupi, kusintha kwakukulu kwa mahomoni kumachitika m'thupi. Pakadali pano, zosintha zimachitika mu kayendedwe ka chakudya. Chifukwa chake, amayi opitirira 60 ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti shuga amayenera kuwunika pafupipafupi, kwinaku akumvetsetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Kuchuluka kwa glucose wamagazi mwa amayi apakati amathanso kusintha. At mimba Chizindikirochi chimawerengedwa kuti ndi chosiyana ndi chizolowezi mpaka 6.3. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa amayi oyembekezera kukupitilira 7, uwu ndi mwayi wowunikira pafupipafupi komanso kusankhidwa kwa maphunziro owonjezera.

Mulingo wa shuga wamagazi mwa amuna ndi wokhazikika: 3.3-5.6 mmol / l. Ngati munthu ali wathanzi, kuchuluka kwa glucose mwa amuna sikuyenera kukhala okwera kapena otsika kuposa izi. Chizindikiro chokhazikika ndi 4,5, 4.6, ndi zina. Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi mndandanda wazikhalidwe za azibambo, ayenera kukumbukira kuti amuna pambuyo pa zaka 60 ndi apamwamba.

Zizindikiro za High shuga

Shuga wowonjezera amatha kutsimikiziridwa ngati munthu ali ndi zizindikilo zina. Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zomwe zikuwonetsedwa mwa munthu wamkulu komanso mwana ziyenera kumuchenjeza:

• kufooka, kutopa kwambiri,
• cholimbikitsidwa kulakalaka Kuchepetsa thupi,
• ludzu ndi kumverera kosalekeza kukamwa kowuma
• kukoka kambiri komanso pafupipafupi, maulendo a usiku kupita kuchimbudzi ndi chikhalidwe,
• mafinya, zilonda ndi zotupa zina pakhungu, zotupa zotere sizichira,
• kuwonetsedwa pafupipafupi kwa kuyabwa m'misempha, kumaliseche,
• kukulira chitetezo chokwanirakuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito, kuzizidwa pafupipafupi, ziwengomwa akulu
• kuwonongeka kowoneka, makamaka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 50.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa zisonyezo zotere kungasonyeze kuti pali kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi. Ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti zizindikiritso za shuga wambiri zimatha kuwonetsedwa kokha mwa zina mwazowonetsa. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale pokhapokha ngati zizindikiro za kuchuluka kwa shuga zikuwoneka mwa munthu wamkulu kapena mwana, muyenera kuyesedwa ndi kudziwa shuga. Kodi ndi shuga wanji, ngati wokwera, chochita, - zonsezi zimatha kupezedwa mwa kufunsira katswiri.

Gulu lomwe lili pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga limaphatikizapo omwe ali ndi mbiri ya banja la matenda ashuga, kunenepa, matenda a kapamba, etc. Ngati munthu ali mgululi, ndiye kuti phindu limodzi silitanthauza kuti matendawo kulibe. Kupatula apo, matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amapezeka popanda zizindikiro ndi mawonekedwe, osatsimikizira. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyesa mayeso angapo nthawi zosiyanasiyana, chifukwa mwina pakakhala kuti pali zomwe zikuwonetsedwazo, zomwe zikuwonjezereka zimachitika.

Ngati pali zizindikiro zoterezi, shuga wamagazi amakhalanso wapamwamba kwambiri panthawi yoyembekezera. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa shuga wambiri. Ngati glucose panthawi yapakati imakwezedwa, kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani komanso zoyenera kukhazikitsa podzikhazikitsa, dokotala ayenera kufotokozera.

Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti kuwunikira kolimbikitsa kwabwino ndikothekanso. Chifukwa chake, ngati chizindikiro, mwachitsanzo, 6 kapena shuga wamagazi, izi zikutanthauza chiyani, zitha kutsimikizika pokhapokha maphunziro obwereza kangapo. Zoyenera kuchita ngati mukukayika, ndizomwe zimawonetsa dokotala. Pozindikira, atha kukuwonetsani mayeso owonjezera, mwachitsanzo, mayeso ololera a glucose, mayeso okhudza shuga.

Kodi mayeso ololera a glucose amachitika bwanji?

Adatchulidwa kuyeserera kwa shugae ikuchitika kuti adziwe zobisika za matenda a shuga, komanso ndi thandizo zimatsimikiziridwa ndi matenda a kusokonezeka mayamwidwe, hypoglycemia.

NTG (kulolerana kwa shuga) - ndi chiyani, adokotala amafotokozera mwatsatanetsatane. Koma ngati chikhalidwe chololera chikuphwanyidwa, ndiye kuti theka la anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatenga zaka zopitilira 10, 25% izi sizisintha, ndipo 25% imazimiririka.

Kusintha kwa kulolerako kumathandizira kutsimikiza kwa zovuta za carbohydrate metabolism, zobisika komanso zowonekera. Ziyenera kukumbukiridwa mukamayesa mayeso omwe phunziroli limakupatsani mwayi wofotokozera za vutoli, ngati mukukayika.

Kuzindikira koteroko ndikofunikira makamaka pazinthu ngati izi:

• ngati palibe chizindikiro cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndipo mkodzo, cheke chimavumbulutsa shuga nthawi ndi nthawi.
• makamaka ngati palibe zizindikiro za matenda ashuga, zimadziwoneka zokha polyuria- kuchuluka kwamikodzo patsiku kumachulukana, pomwe kuchuluka kwa glucose kumakhala kwabwinobwino,
• kuchuluka kwa shuga mkodzo wa mayi woyembekezera panthawi yotseka mwana, komanso mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso komanso chithokomiro,
• ngati pali zizindikiro za matenda ashuga, koma shuga kulibe mkodzo, ndipo zomwe zili m'magazi ndizabwinobwino (mwachitsanzo, ngati shuga ndi 5.5, mukayang'anidwanso ndi 4,4 kapena kutsika, ngati 5.5 panthawi ya pakati, koma zizindikiro za matenda ashuga zimachitika) ,
• ngati munthu ali ndi masanjidwe amtundu wa matenda ashuga, koma palibe zizindikiro za shuga,
• mwa amayi ndi ana awo, ngati kulemera kwa kubadwa kwa amenewo kunali koposa 4 makilogalamu, pambuyo pake kulemera kwa mwana wazaka chimodzi kulinso kwakukulu,
• mwa anthu ndi mitsempha, retinopathy.

Kuyesedwa, komwe kumayesa NTG (kulolera shuga), kumachitika motere: poyamba, munthu yemwe akuyesedwa amakhala ndi m'mimba yopanda magazi kuti atenge magazi kuchokera ku capillaries. Pambuyo pake, munthu ayenera kudya magalamu 75 a shuga. Kwa ana, mlingo mu magalamu amawerengedwa mosiyanasiyana: 1 makilogalamu kulemera 1.75 g shuga.

Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chidwi, magalamu 75 a shuga ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga, ndipo ngakhale kukhala koopsa kudya kuchuluka kotere, mwachitsanzo, kwa mayi woyembekezera, muyenera kudziwa kuti pafupifupi shuga wofanana amapezeka, mwachitsanzo, chidutswa cha mkate.

Kulekerera kwa glucose kumatsimikiziridwa ola 1 ndi 2 zitatha izi. Zotsatira zodalirika kwambiri zimapezeka pambuyo pa ola limodzi pambuyo pake.

Kuyesa kulolera kwa glucose kumatha kukhala pa tebulo la zizindikiro, mayunitsi - mmol / l.

Kenako, tsimikizani mkhalidwe wa kagayidwe kazakudya. Mwa izi, ma coefficients amawerengedwa:

• Hyperglycemic- akuwonetsa momwe glucose amakhudzana ndi ola limodzi pambuyo pothira shuga kusala magazi. Chizindikiro ichi sichiyenera kupitirira 1.7.
• Hypoglycemic- akuwonetsa momwe glucose amakhudzira patatha maola awiri pambuyo poti shuga ayambitse magazi. Chizindikiro ichi sichiyenera kupitirira 1.3.

Ndikofunikira kuwerengera ma coefficients awa, chifukwa nthawi zina, pambuyo poyeserera kulekerera kwa glucose, munthu samatsimikiziridwa ndi zowonetsera zowonetsera zakusokonekera, ndipo imodzi mwazomwezi ndizochulukirapo.

Pankhaniyi, tanthauzo lazotsatira zokayikitsa limakhazikika, ndiye kuti pa matenda a shuga ndiye munthu amene ali pachiwopsezo.

Glycated hemoglobin - ndi chiyani?

Zomwe zimayenera kukhala shuga wamagazi, zotsimikizika ndi magome omwe adasungidwira pamwambapa. Komabe, pali kuyesanso kwina komwe kumalimbikitsa kuti anthu azindikire matenda ashuga. Amayitanidwa glycated hemoglobin mayeso - omwe glucose amalumikizidwa m'magazi.

Wikipedia ikuwonetsa kuti kusanthula kumatchedwa mulingo hemoglobin HbA1C, yereketsani izi. Palibe kusiyana kwa zaka: zofananira ndizofanana kwa akulu ndi ana.

Phunziroli ndi labwino kwambiri kwa onse adotolo komanso odwala. Kupatula apo, zopereka zamagazi ndizovomerezeka nthawi iliyonse masana kapena ngakhale madzulo, osati pamimba yopanda kanthu. Wodwala sayenera kumwa glucose ndikudikirira nthawi. Komanso, mosiyana ndi zoletsa zomwe njira zina zimapereka, zotsatirazi sizitengera mankhwala, kupsinjika, chimfine, matenda - mutha kutenga ndemanga ndikupeza umboni wolondola.

Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa ngati wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amawongolera shuga m'magazi atatu omaliza.

Komabe, pali zovuta zina za kafukufukuyu:

• okwera mtengo kuposa mayeso ena,
• ngati wodwala ali ndi vuto locheperako la mahomoni a chithokomiro, akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zochulukirapo,
• ngati munthu ali ndi magazi m'thupi, otsika hemoglobin, zotsatira zosokonekera zingatsimikizidwe,
• palibe njira yopita kuchipatala chilichonse,
• munthu akamagwiritsa ntchito waukulu mavitaminiNdi kapena E, chizindikiro chochepetsedwa chimatsimikiziridwa, komabe, kudalira kumeneku sikunatsimikiziridwe chimodzimodzi.

Kodi muyezo wa hemoglobin wa glycated ndi uti?

Chifukwa chiyani pali shuga wochepa wamagazi

Hypoglycemia imawonetsa kuti shuga ya magazi ndiyotsika. Kuchuluka kwa shuga kumeneku ndikowopsa ngati nkovuta.

Ngati zakudya zamagulu chifukwa cha shuga wochepa sizipezeka, ubongo wa munthu umavutika. Zotsatira zake, ndizotheka chikomokere.

Zotsatira zoyipa zimatha kuchitika ngati shuga agwera ku 1.9 kapena kuchepera - mpaka 1.6, 1.7, 1.8. Pankhaniyi, kukokana ndikotheka, sitiroko, chikomokere. Mkhalidwe wa munthu ndi woopsa kwambiri ngati mulingo ndi 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4,

1.5 mmol / L. Pankhaniyi, popanda kuchitapo kanthu, imfa ndiyotheka.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa osati chifukwa chomwe chizindikirochi chikukwera, komanso zifukwa zomwe glucose imatha kugwa kwambiri. Kodi zimachitika bwanji kuti mayesowo akuwonetsa kuti glucose ndi wotsika mwa munthu wathanzi?

Choyamba, izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha kudya pang'ono. Pansi pa okhwima chakudya Mu chamoyo mkati zosungiramo zinthu zina zimatha. Chifukwa chake, ngati kwa nthawi yayitali (kuchuluka - kutengera mawonekedwe a thupi) munthu amapewa kudya, shuga magazi a m'magazi kuchepa.

Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kumathandizanso kuchepetsa shuga. Chifukwa cha katundu wolemera kwambiri, shuga amatha kuchepa ngakhale ndi chakudya chamagulu.

Ndi kumwa kwambiri maswiti, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachulukitsa kwambiri. Koma kwakanthawi kochepa, shuga akucheperachepera.Mowa ndi mowa zimathanso kuchuluka, kenako ndikuchepetsa kwambiri magazi.

Ngati pali shuga pang'ono m'magazi, makamaka m'mawa, munthu amayamba kufooka, kumamugonjetsa kugonakusakhazikika. Mwakutero, muyeso wokhala ndi glucometer ukhoza kuwonetsa kuti phindu lovomerezeka limatsitsidwa - osakwana 3.3 mmol / L. Mtengo ukhoza kukhala wa 2.2, 2.4, 2,5, 2.6, ndi zina zotero. Koma munthu wathanzi, monga lamulo, ayenera kumakhala ndi chakudya cham'mawa chokhacho kuti shuga ya m'madzi a m'magazi ikhale yolimba.

Koma ngati vuto la hypoglycemia likukula, pomwe glucometer ikuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha munthu atadya, izi zitha kukhala umboni kuti wodwalayo akupanga matenda a shuga.

High ndi otsika insulini

Chifukwa chiyani pali insulin yowonjezereka, izi zikutanthauza chiyani, mutha kumvetsetsa, kumvetsetsa zomwe insulin ili. Hormon iyi, imodzi yofunika kwambiri m'thupi, imapanga kapamba. Ndi insulin yomwe imathandizira kutsitsa shuga m'magazi, ndikuwona momwe kusintha kwa glucose kumalumikizira thupi kuchokera ku seramu yamagazi.

Mulingo wanthawi zonse wa insulin m'magulu azimayi ndi abambo umachokera 3 mpaka 20 μEdml. Mwa anthu achikulire, kuchuluka kwambiri kwamitundu 30-35 kumawonedwa ngati kwabwinobwino. Ngati kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumachepa, munthuyo amayamba kudwala matenda ashuga.

Ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin, kuletsa kwa kaphatikizidwe ka shuga kuchokera m'mapuloteni ndi mafuta kumachitika. Zotsatira zake, wodwalayo amawonetsa zizindikiro za hypoglycemia.

Nthawi zina odwala amawonjezera insulin ndi shuga wabwinobwino, zomwe zimayambitsa zimatha kuphatikizidwa ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana za pathological. Izi zitha kuwonetsa chitukuko. Matenda a Cushing, acromegaly, komanso matenda ogwirizana ndi vuto la chiwindi.

Momwe mungachepetse insulin, muyenera kufunsa katswiri yemwe angakupatseni chithandizo pambuyo pa maphunziro angapo.

Chifukwa chake, kuyesedwa kwa shuga m'magazi ndikofunikira kwambiri pophunzira momwe thupi liliri. Ndikofunikira kudziwa bwino momwe mungaperekere magazi. Kuunika kumeneku pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati ndi njira imodzi yofunika kwambiri yodziwira ngati mkhalidwe wa mayi wapakati komanso mwana ndi wabwinobwino.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa magazi omwe amafunika kukhala abwinobwino mwa ana akhanda, ana, akulu, amapezeka pamatafura apadera. Komabe, mafunso onse omwe amabwera pambuyo pofufuza, ndibwino kufunsa adotolo. Ndi iye yekha amene angadziwe zolondola ngati shuga ali ndi 9, zikutanthauza chiyani, 10 ndi matenda ashuga kapena ayi, ngati 8, chochita, ndi zina, zomwe zingachitike ngati shuga wawonjezereka, ndipo ngati uwu ndi umboni wa matenda, zindikirani katswiri pambuyo pofufuza kowonjezera. Mukamawunikira shuga, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zinthu zina zimatha kutsogolera kulondola kwa muyeso. Choyamba, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti matenda ena kapena kufalikira kwamatenda osachiritsika kungakhudze kuyesedwa kwa magazi, zomwe zimachitika kuposa zomwe zimachepetsedwa kapena kuchepetsedwa. Chifukwa chake, ngati pakuwerengera kamodzi magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha, cholembera cha shuga, mwachitsanzo, 7 mmol / l, mwachitsanzo, kusanthula ndi "katundu" pazoleketsa shuga kungathe kukhazikitsidwa. Komanso kulolerana kwa glucose kumatha kuzindikirika ndi kusowa tulo, kupsinjika. Pa nthawi ya pakati, zotsatira zake zimaphatikizidwanso.

Kufunso loti kusuta kumakhudza kusanthula, yankho lilinso lothandizanso: osachepera maola angapo kafukufukuyu asanachitike, kusuta sikulimbikitsidwa.

Ndikofunikira kupaka magazi molondola - pamimba yopanda kanthu, chifukwa chake musadye m'mawa nthawi yomwe phunzirolo likonzekera.

Mutha kudziwa momwe kusanthula kumayitanidwira komanso momwe kumachitidwira kuchipatala. Magazi a shuga amayenera kuperekedwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse kwa iwo omwe ali ndi zaka 40. Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo ayenera kupereka magazi miyezi itatu iliyonse.

Ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, odalira insulini, muyenera kuyang'ana shuga nthawi zonse musanalowe insulin. Kunyumba, glucometer yosunthika imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza. Ngati matenda amtundu wa II adapezeka, kuwunika kumachitika m'mawa, ola limodzi mutatha kudya komanso asanagone.

Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino la shuga kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, muyenera kutsatira malangizo a dokotala - kumwa mankhwala, kutsatira zakudya, kukhala ndi moyo wogwira ntchito. Pankhaniyi, chizindikiro cha glucose chitha kuyandikira chabwinobwino, mpaka 5.2, 5.3, 5.8, 5.9, etc.

Momwe kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatsimikizidwira

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi am'madzi amatsimikizika m'magawo a "mamililitale pa lita imodzi." Malingaliro a shuga mwa anthu opanda ma pathologies ndi odwala matenda ashuga adapezeka mkatikati mwa zaka zapitazi pamaziko a kusanthula kwa zikwizikwi za amuna ndi akazi.

Kuti mupewe kutsata miyezo ya shuga wamagazi, mitundu itatu yoyeserera imachitika:

• kusala kudya kwam'mawa,
• Phunziro lidachitika maola angapo mutatha kudya,
• kudziwa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated

Kumbukirani: chikhalidwe chovomerezeka cha shuga m'magazi ndi mtengo umodzi womwe sukutengera jenda komanso zaka za wodwalayo.

Makhalidwe Abwino

Kudya kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa glucose. Mukatha kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumawonjezeka muzochitika zonse (osati odwala matenda ashuga) - ichi ndi chizolowezi chomwe sichimafunikira kulowererapo.

Kwa munthu wathanzi, kuwonjezereka kwazowonetsera sizowopsa chifukwa cha chiwopsezo cha maselo kulowetsa insulin - mahomoni ake omwe "amachotsa" shuga wambiri.

Mu matenda a shuga, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa glucose kuli ndi mavuto ambiri, mpaka kukomoka kwa matenda ashuga, ngati gawo lovuta lingakhale kwa nthawi yayitali.

Chizindikiro chomwe chikuperekedwa pansipa chikufotokozedwa ngati chizolowezi cha shuga wamagazi komanso malangizo amodzi kwa amayi ndi abambo:

• musanadye kadzutsa - mkati mwa mamililita 5.15-6.9 mu lita, komanso kwa odwala omwe mulibe matenda - 3.89-4.89,
• Maola ochepa mutatha kudya pang'onopang'ono kapena kudya kwathunthu - shuga poyesa magazi kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga sichapamwamba kuposa 9.5-10.5 mmol / l, kwa ena onse - osapitirira 5.65.

Ngati, pakalibe mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga pambuyo pa chakudya chamafuta kwambiri, shuga amawonetsa mtengo wa pafupifupi 5.9 mmol / L mukamayesa chala, onaninso menyu. Chizindikirochi chimakwera mpaka mamililoni 7 pa lita imodzi mukatha kudya chokhala ndi shuga komanso chakudya chambiri.

Kukula kwa shuga m'magazi oyeserera masana mwa munthu wathanzi popanda matenda a kapamba, mosasamala kanthu za jenda ndi zaka, amasungidwa muyezo wa 4.15-5.35 ndi chakudya chamagulu.

Ngati, ndi chakudya cholondola komanso moyo wathanzi, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumapitilira shuga wovomerezeka pakuyesa magazi mwa munthu wathanzi, onetsetsani kuti mukuonana ndi dokotala pazamankhwala.

Kodi kuwunika?

Zizindikiro za shuga mwa amayi, abambo ndi ana omwe amapezeka m'madzi am'magazi amasintha tsiku lonse. Izi zimachitika onse odwala athanzi komanso odwala matenda ashuga.

Mlingo wocheperako umatsimikiziridwa m'mawa mutagona, chakudya cham'mawa chisanafike. Ngati kuwunika pamimba yopanda kanthu kukuwonetsa shuga m'magazi a 5.7 - 5.85 mamililita mu lita imodzi ya magazi - musakhale ndi mantha, ndi matenda a shuga sikuopsa.

Shuga m'mawa amadziwika kuti wodwala sanadye kwa maola 10 mpaka 10, ndiye kuti wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo pafupifupi 5.8. Pambuyo pazakudya (kuphatikiza pang'ono), kuchuluka kwa glucose m'thupi la munthu kumatuluka, zomwe ndizovomerezeka.

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, shuga mu magazi am'magazi ali m'magawo 7.1-8.1 mmol / l maola ochepa mutatha kudya. Mtengo wapamwamba (9.2-10.1) ndi cholozera chovomerezeka, koma ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse ndende.

Mulingo wokwanira shuga (shuga) m'madzi am'magazi mwa akazi ndi amuna omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ndi 11.1 mmol / l. Ndi zizindikirozi, thanzi la wodwalayo limaleka kukhala labwinobwino, ndipo amalingalira pazomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti muchepetse shuga.

Momwe mungayesere mayeso?

Pali njira ziwiri zodziwira kuti ali ndi shuga - kugwiritsa ntchito glucometer yonyamula ndi zida zama labotale. Kusanthula ndi chida kumachitika mwachangu, koma sikumapereka chotsimikizika. Njira imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati choyambirira, kafukufukuyu asanachitike mu labotale. Mwazi umachotsedwa kuchokera ku chala kapena kuchokera mu mtsempha.

Ndikofunikira kutenga biomaterial ku chala: mu magazi a venous glucose ali apamwamba kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati shuga ndi 5.9 mukamatenga sampuli kuchokera mu mtsempha, kuyesa kwa chala pansi pazomwezi kumawonetsa mtengo wotsika.

M'mabotolo, pamakhala mndandanda wama glucose pamene mukuyesedwa kuchokera ku chala ndi mtsempha. Mwazi wa m'magazi osiyanasiyana wa 5.9 mmol / l mukamayesa chala ndi chizindikiro chabwino kwa odwala matenda ashuga akayesedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Matenda a shuga kapena prediabetes?

Matenda a shuga amapezeka atazindikira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, zomwe zimavomerezeka zomwe zimafanananso mwa azimayi ndi abambo. Kukula kwa shuga pang'onopang'ono mukatha kudya kumawerengedwa pafupifupi pang'onopang'ono pogwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wazikhalidwe (zakale). Kuchuluka kwa shuga pambuyo pazakumwa zimatengera zakudya zomwe zadyedwa. Zakudya zamoto wokwera kwambiri wokhala ndi shuga wambiri zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwambiri ngakhale pakadalibe matenda a shuga mpaka 7 mmol / L. Ndikudya mokwanira mwa munthu wathanzi (mosaganizira jenda ndi zaka), chizindikiro sichidutsa 5.3.

Lumikizanani ndi katswiri ngati zikuyendetsedwera pazotsatira izi:

• pamimba yopanda kanthu - kuyambira 5.8 mpaka 7.8,
• patadutsa maola angapo atangoyanika - kuchokera 7.5 mpaka 11 mmol / l.

Ngati koyamba, shuga wamagazi ndi 5.8 kapena kuposa, sizachilendo kwenikweni kupezeka kwa matenda, chifukwa chake funsani kwa endocrinologist.

Ngati munthu wathanzi labwino akakhala ndi zakudya zokwanira mokwanira, kuyezedwa bwino ndikofunikira.

Makhalidwe oterewa ndi amodzi a prediabetes, mkhalidwe womwe umakhala matenda oyamba ndipo umapezeka mwa amayi ndi abambo opitirira zaka 40, makamaka ngati mukunenepa kwambiri.

Ngati zotsatira zake zimakhala zapamwamba kwambiri kuposa 7 pamimba yopanda kanthu ndi 11 mmol / l mutatha kudya, amalankhula za matenda omwe apezeka - mtundu 2 shuga mellitus (DM).

Mlingo wololeka wamagazi mwa munthu wopanda mavuto a chithokomiro, mutatha kudya shuga komanso zakudya zamafuta kwambiri, sizidutsa 7 mmol / l.

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso shuga

Chowonetsera, chomwe chimayesedwa pambuyo pa chakudya pambuyo pa kudya, zimatengera chakudya chomwe wodwala amatenga maola angapo mayeso asanachitike, zomwe zimafotokozedwazi sizimasiyana mwa azimayi ndi abambo. Kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi masana kumadalira pafupipafupi chakudya komanso zakudya. Ndi zakudya zama carb kwambiri, pamakhala kupsinjika kwamphamvu mu glucose. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, izi ndizowopsa.

Odwala, poyang'ana pagome la miyambo kwa anthu athanzi, ali ndi chidwi - ngati magazi amkati mwa 5.9 mmol / l, momwe angachepetse? Timayankha kuti: phindu silikhala lopitilira muyeso wa matenda ashuga, chifukwa chake, palibe chomwe chimayenera kuchitidwa. Chinsinsi cha kukhala ndi thanzi labwino m'matenda a shuga - chindapusa cha matendawa - njira zingapo zomwe zimatheka kuchepetsa glucose momwe mungathere kukhala pamlingo woyandikira kwa nthawi yayitali. Mtundu 2 wa matenda ashuga, izi zimatheka kudzera mu chakudya chamagulu komanso kuwonda.

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, jakisoni ndi mankhwala amathandizo amathandizira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Makhalidwe otsutsa

Matenda a shuga mwa munthu m'magazi ndi chimodzimodzi kwa amuna ndi akazi, koma masana masinthidwe ake amasintha. Kuchuluka kwake kumawonedwa m'mawa, pamimba yopanda kanthu, pazokwanira - mutatha kudya zakudya zamatumbo ambiri kapena musanagone, ngati chakudya chamagulu chimakhala chokwanira.

Makhalidwe abwino kwambiri amayambitsa mavuto. Mulingo wambiri wa shuga m'magazi a shuga ndi 11 mmol / L. Mtengo uwu ukachulukitsidwa, thupi limaleka kuthana ndi katundu, ndipo impso zimayamba kugwira ntchito molimbika kuchotsa glucose wambiri mumkodzo. Matendawa amatchedwa glucosuria ndipo amakhala ngati akudwala matenda ashuga. Komabe, ziwerengero sizolondola, popeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a munthu kumatsimikiziridwa payekhapayekha.

Odwala ena omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amadzimva bwino pamagulu a shuga a 11 mmol / L, pomwe ena sazindikira kuwonjezeka kwa shuga mpaka 13 mmol / L.

Kodi ndi shuga wanji wamagazi m'magazi a anthu omwe amachititsa kufa? Mtengo wake ndi wovuta kudziwa. Mu chikomine cha matenda ashuga, shuga wowopsa yemwe amapezeka ndi 50 mmol / L amawonedwa.

Kumbukirani: cholozera komanso cholozera chazenera kwambiri ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikusinthidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya. Madokotala amalimbikitsa chaka chilichonse kuyezetsa magazi kwa anthu azaka zopitilira 45. Chikhalidwe cha shuga m'magazi amunthu chimatengera zinthu zambiri: ngakhale madzi omwe mumamwa m'mawa amakhudza phindu. Chifukwa chake, kukonzekera phunziroli kuyenera kukhala kokwanira.

Chikhalidwe cha shuga kwa munthu wathanzi masana

Pali njira ziwiri zomwe glucose amalowera m'magazi a munthu - kuchokera m'matumbo panthawi yolandidwa chakudya komanso m'maselo a chiwindi ngati glycogen. Poterepa, pali kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, omwe mwa munthu wathanzi amasinthasintha pang'ono pang'ono.

Ngati munthu alibe matenda ashuga, amapanga insulin yokwanira, ndipo minyewa yamkati sinataye chidwi chake, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumawonjezeka kwakanthawi kochepa. Insulin imathandizira kuti maselo azitha kugwiritsira ntchito shuga ndikuwasandutsa mphamvu, yomwe imafunikira minofu yonse ya thupi, makamaka dongosolo lamanjenje.

Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi kuposa kwazonse sikutanthauza kuti pakhale shuga. Nthawi zina izi zimatha kukhala nkhawa, kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri, kapena kudya zakudya zamafuta kwambiri. Koma ngati kukhazikika kwa glucose m'thupi kumasungidwa pamlingo wambiri kwa masiku angapo motsatana, pamenepa munthu ayenera kuyesedwa ngati ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Momwe shuga limakhalira masana:

• M'mawa mutagona pamimba yopanda kanthu - mamililimita 3.5-5,5 pa lita,
• Masana ndi usiku asanadye - 3.8-6.1 mamililita pa lita,
• Ola limodzi mutatha kudya - zosaposa mamilimita 8.9 pa lita,
• Maola awiri mutatha kudya - osaposa mamilimita 6.7 pa lita,
• Usiku pakati pa kugona - okwanira mamilimita 3.9 pa lita.

Magazi a shuga kwa odwala matenda ashuga:

• M'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu - milimita 5-7.2 pa lita,
• Maola awiri mutatha kudya, osaposa mamililita 10 pa lita.

Monga mukuwonera, kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa munthu wathanzi komanso wodwala kumasinthasintha tsiku lonse. Munthu akakhala ndi njala, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumatsikira pamlingo wocheperako, ndipo atatha kudya maola awiri amafika pamlingo wambiri.

Ngati munthu alibe zosokoneza mu kagayidwe kazakudya, ndiye kusinthasintha kotereku sikowopsa kwa iye. Kugwira ntchito kwabwinobwino kwa kapamba kumapangitsa kuti shuga azithamanga mofulumira, momwe mulibe nthawi yochitira zinthu zovulaza thupi.

Mkhalidwewo ndi wosiyana kotheratu mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Ndi matendawa, kuperewera kwenikweni kwa insulini kumamveka m'thupi la munthu kapena maselo amasiya kumva zam'madzi. Pazifukwa izi, odwala matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kufika pamawonekedwe ovuta ndikukhalabe pamlingo uwu kwa nthawi yayitali.

Izi nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa zowonongeka zamtima ndi zamanjenje, zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda a mtima, kukulitsa kupenya kwamawonekedwe, mawonekedwe a zilonda zam'miyendo pamiyendo ndi zovuta zina zowopsa.

Momwe mungawongolere shuga

Kuti muthane ndi shuga masana, muyenera kugula chida chopangidwira cholinga ichi - glucometer. Kugwiritsa ntchito mita ndi kosavuta kwambiri, chifukwa muyenera kubaya chala chanu ndi singano yopyapyala, pofinyani dontho laling'ono la magazi ndikuyika lingwe loyeserera lomwe layikidwa mu mitayo.

Kuyeza kwa glucose pafupipafupi masana kukuthandizani kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi panthawi ndikuzindikira matenda ashuga kumayambiriro.Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kuthandizira kwambiri kwa matenda ashuga kumadalira kuzindikira kwakanthawi.

Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga. M'masiku awo, ndikofunikira kuyendetsa shuga tsiku lonse, kukumbukira kukumbukira kuchuluka kwa glucose mukatha kudya. Ngati chizindikirochi chiposa chizindikiro cha 7 mmol / L kwa masiku angapo motsatizana, ndiye kuti ichi ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda ashuga a mtundu 2.

Ndani angatenge matenda a shuga?

1. Anthu onenepa kwambiri, makamaka iwo onenepa kwambiri,
2. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa (kuthamanga kwa magazi),
3. Amayi omwe abereka mwana wolemera makilogalamu anayi kapena kupitilira apo,
4. Amayi omwe anali ndi matenda ashuga akakhala ndi mwana
5. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lobadwa ndi matenda ashuga,
6. Odwala omwe ali ndi stroke kapena matenda a mtima
7. Anthu onse azaka zapakati pa 40 ndi kupitilira.

Kutsatira ndi chimodzi mwazinthu izi kumatanthauza kuti munthu ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi lake ndikuchezera endocrinologist nthawi zambiri, yemwe amathandizira kudziwa zovuta zamatenda.

Mukuyeneranso kukumbukira kuti ndi ziti zomwe zimapangitsa shuga kwambiri tsiku lonse. Izi zimaphatikizapo kumwa pafupipafupi zakumwa zoledzeretsa, kusuta ndudu, kupsinjika mosalekeza, kumwa mankhwala ena, makamaka mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Nthawi zambiri, kuti muchepetse chiwopsezo cha kukhala ndi matenda ashuga, mumangofunika kusintha moyo wanu, monga, kupatula zakudya zonse zonona, zotsekemera, zonunkhira, kuchokera kuzakudya zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku ndikutsatira zakudya zama carb zotsika, masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi ndikuthana ndi zizolowezi zoyipa.

Momwe mungayezere shuga

Mita imeneyi idapangidwa mwapadera kuti anthu odwala matenda ashuga kapena akungosamalira thanzi lawo azitha kudziwa shuga wawo wamagazi osachoka panyumba. Mtengo wa mita kutengera mtundu wa chipangizocho ndi wopanga. Pafupifupi, mtengo wa chipangizochi m'mizinda ya Russia umasiyana ndi ma ruble 1000 mpaka 5000.

Kuphatikiza pa zida zomwe zimapangidwira, zida zodziyimira zokha za glucose zimaphatikizanso ndi seti ya mayeso ndi lancet. Lancet ndi chida chapadera choboola khungu pachala. Imakhala ndi singano yopyapyala, motero njirayi imachitidwa mopanda kupweteketsa ndipo sichiwononga kwambiri chala.

Monga taonera pamwambapa, kugwiritsa ntchito glucometer sikovuta konse. Pamaso pa njirayi, ndikofunikira kuti musambitse manja anu bwino ndi sopo ndikuwuma ndi thaulo loyera. Kenako kuboola chala ndi chala ndipo kukankha modekha papilo mpaka dontho la magazi lithe.

Kenako, ikani dontho la magazi pachifuwa choyesera chomwe chidalowetsedwa mu mita ndikuyembekeza masekondi angapo mpaka mtengo wa shuga wamagazi utawonekera pazenera la chipangizocho. Mukamatsatira malingaliro onse omwe ali pamwambapa, ndiye kuti kuyima pawokha kwa shuga molondola sikungakhale kotsika pochita kafukufuku wa labotale.

Kuti pakhale njira yodalirika yosungirako shuga m'magazi, ndikokwanira kukayezetsa magazi mopitilira kanayi pa tsiku. Nthawi yomweyo, zotsatira zake ziyenera kulembedwa m'matsamba a tsiku ndi tsiku, zomwe zingakuthandizeni kutsatira kusinthasintha kwa glucose pamasiku angapo ndikumvetsetsa zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Muyezo woyamba wa glucose uyenera kuchitidwa m'mawa mutangodzuka. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kotsatiraku kuyenera kuchitika patadutsa maola awiri chakudya choyamba. Muyezo wachitatu uyenera kuchitika masana, ndipo wachinayi madzulo asanagone.

Mwa anthu athanzi, chizolowezi cha shuga m'magazi kuyambira chala, mosaganizira jenda ndi zaka, nthawi zambiri chimakhala chokhala pakati pa 4.15 mpaka 5.35 mmol / l tsiku lonse. Osangokhala zolemetsa za pancreatic, komanso zakudya zopanda thanzi zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba komanso zitsamba zochepa zomwe zingakhudze izi.

Mwa munthu wathanzi, shuga othamanga kwambiri amakhala 3.6 mpaka 5.8 mmol / L. Ngati kwa masiku angapo amapitilira mulingo wa 7 mmol / l, ndiye pamenepa, munthu ayenera kufunsa dokotala wa endocrinologist kuti adziwe zomwe zimayambitsa kuthamanga kwa shuga. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha shuga m'magazi akuluakulu ndi matenda a shuga a 2.

Poyeza shuga m'magazi mutatha kudya, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti chizindikirochi chimadalira kuchuluka ndi chakudya. Chifukwa chake kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi kumatha kudzutsa m'magazi a shuga, ngakhale mwa anthu athanzi. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka maswiti osiyanasiyana, komanso mbale za mbatata, mpunga ndi pasitala.

Kuledzera kwa zakudya zolemera komanso zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri, kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazakudya, kumatha kuyambitsa zotsatira zomwezi. Komanso zakumwa za shuga, monga misuzi ya zipatso, zakumwa zamitundu mitundu, komanso tiyi yokhala ndi supuni zingapo za shuga zimathanso kusokoneza shuga.

Pakuwunika magazi mukangomaliza kudya, kuchuluka kwa glucose panthawi yokhazikika ya metabolism ayenera kukhala kuchokera 3.9 mpaka 6.2 mmol / L.

Zizindikiro kuyambira 8 mpaka 11 mmol / l zimawonetsa kukhalapo kwa prediabetes mwa munthu, ndipo zizindikiro zonse zomwe zili pamwambapa 11 zikuwonetseratu kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Ngati munthu amatsatira malamulo azakudya zopatsa thanzi ndikukhala ndi moyo wakhama, koma kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ake kupitilira zovomerezeka, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba. Mtunduwu wa matenda ashuga ndi autoimmune mwachilengedwe motero ungakhudze anthu abwinobwino kulemera komanso thanzi labwino.

Mwazi wambiri suwonetsa kuti munthu ali ndi matenda ashuga. Pali matenda ena, omwe kukula komwe kumatha kutsagana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, mutha kuwonetsa zikuluzikulu za matenda ashuga omwe aperekedwa pansipa:

• Wanjala, wodwalayo amatha kumwa mpaka malita 5 amadzimadzi patsiku,
• Kuchulukitsa kwamikodzo, wodwalayo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mphamvu zowonjezera usiku,
• Kutopa, kusachita bwino,
• Njala yayikulu, wodwala amafuna kwambiri maswiti,
• Kuchepetsa thupi kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chakudya,
• Kugwira thupi lonse, makamaka miyendo.
• Khungu loyenda, lomwe limatchuka kwambiri m'chiuno ndi perineum,
• Zowonongeka,
• Kuzindikira kwa machiritso a mabala ndi mabala,
• Maonekedwe a zigamba zam'mimba,
• Amakonda kuponya akazi,
• Kuzindikira kwa ntchito zogonana mwa amuna.

Kukhalapo kwa zingapo mwazizindikirozi kuyenera kumuchenjeza munthuyo ndikukhala chifukwa chofunikira kwambiri chofufuzira matenda ashuga.

Mu kanema munkhaniyi, adokotala azikambirana za chizolowezi chosala kudya magazi.

Chikhalidwe chovomerezeka chomwe chimakhala ndi shuga mwa munthu wathanzi

Ndi zaka, kugwira ntchito kwa ma insulin receptors amisempha yodalira insulin kumachepetsa kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, mutafika zaka 35, muyenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi ndikufanizira ndi shuga la magazi masana.

Ngati pali matenda, odwala matenda ashuga amayenera kutenga miyezo ingapo ya shuga patsiku kuti akwaniritse chiwonetsero chake. Ngati kuwunika kowonjezereka kuli kofunikira, wodwalayo ayenera kulumikizana ndi labotale yachipatala kuti apereke magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha kuti awonetsetse zomwe zili ndi chakudya.

Malangizowa amagwiranso ntchito kwa ana akakhala kuti akufuna kukhala ndi matenda ashuga. Popita nthawi, mwana akamakula, amatha kudwala matendawa, koma amayamba kuwayang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Ngati pali cholosera, osachepera muyeso umodzi wa chisonyezo patsiku amafunika, pomwe miyeso imayenera kuchitika pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Ndikofunika kutenga miyezo kunyumba, ndikugwiritsa ntchito glucometer ngati mita. Chifukwa chaichi, magazi a capillary kuchokera pachala amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kodi magazi a munthu amasintha bwanji masana?

Ofufuzawo adafufuza zambiri zomwe cholinga chake chinali kukhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga masana masana ndikuphatikiza gome la kusinthasintha kwa shuga m'magazi masana mwa munthu wathanzi.

Pa kafukufukuyu, kusanthula katatu kunachitika - kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'mimba yopanda kanthu, kuyeza maola 2 atatha kudya ndikuzindikira kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated m'thupi.

Pambuyo pa ntchitoyi, zidapezeka kuti mkhalidwe wanthawi zonse wa shuga masana mumunthu wachikulire ndi umboni womwe sukutengera zaka komanso jenda.

• m'mawa, pamimba yopanda kanthu - 3,5-5,5,
• nthawi isanadye chakudya chamadzulo, musanadye - 3.8-6.1,
• Maola awiri mutadya chakudya - osapitirira 6.7,
• usiku 3.9 mayunitsi.

Mtengo wa shuga m'thupi la munthu wamkulu ndi 5.5 mmol / l

Kusinthasintha kwachilendo kwa shuga m'magazi masana

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi la mwana sikungotengera zakudya zomwe zimamwa, komanso zaka.

M'chaka choyamba cha moyo, zofunikira zamagetsi zamagazi m'magazi zimaganiziridwa kuti zimachokera ku 2.8 mpaka 4.4 mmol / L pamimba yopanda kanthu. Pazaka chimodzi mpaka zaka 5, zamagetsi zolimbitsa thupi zimawonedwa kuti ndizambiri za glucose zomwe zimakhala 3.3 mpaka 5.0. Pazaka zopitilira 5, momwe thupi limapezekera m'thupi limayandikira munthu wamkulu ndipo limakwana 3,3-5,5 mmol / l.

Makhalidwe amasinthidwe abwinobwino a shuga m'magazi a mwana amasiyana ndi zomwe munthu wamkulu amakhala nazo. Kwa munthu wamkulu, mayunitsi a 2.0 amatengedwa ngati kusiyana pakati pa chizindikiritso pamimba yopanda kanthu komanso maola awiri atatha kudya, kwa mwana wathanzi, kusiyana kumeneku kungakhale magawo 2,5 mpaka 2.0.

Makhalidwe abwino kwambiri omwe amapezeka nthawi zonse kwa mwana ali motere:

1. Pamimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa - chiwerengero chochepa kwambiri ndi 3.3.
2. Mphindi 60 mutadya - 6.1.
3. Mphindi 120 chakudya chikatha - 5.1.

Ngati mwana ali ndi matenda a prediabetes, mphamvu ya shuga m'thupi imaposa chovomerezeka chokhala m'thupi labwino:

• m'mimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa - 6.1,
• Mphindi 60 mutadya - 9.0-11.0,
• Maola awiri atatha kudya - 8.0-10.0.

Ngati pali zizindikiro za matenda a shuga kwa mwana, mfundo zotsatirazi zalembedwa:

1. M'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu 6.2.
2. Ola limodzi mutatha kudya zoposa 11.1.
3. Maola awiri atatha kudya zoposa 10,1.

Mkulu wa glucose mthupi la mwana sasintha osati mothandizidwa ndi chakudya chomwe amamwa, komanso motsogozedwa ndi insulin, glucagon, mahomoni opangidwa ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, hypothalamus ndi gren adrenal.

Kuphatikiza apo, chidziwitso chofunikira chokhudza thupi ichi chimatengera mtundu wa ntchito za m'mimba mwa mwana.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'mimba komanso shuga ya gestational

Kodi shuga wa magazi a mayi wapakati amasintha bwanji masana?

Malinga ndi maphunziro azachipatala omwe amapezeka, zinthu zamasiku onse zomwe mayi amakhala nazo panthawi yoyembekezera nthawi zambiri sizimaphatikizidwa pamlingo woyenera wovomerezeka kwa wamkulu. Mkhalidwe uwu wa mkazi umalumikizidwa ndi kusintha kwa mahomoni komwe kumachitika nthawi imeneyi, kuonetsetsa kukula kwa mwana wosabadwayo.

Mu 10% ya azimayi panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, pali kuphwanya kwa glucose, kuphwanya koteroko kumatchedwa gestational kishuga. M'malo mwake, matenda amtunduwu ndi amtundu wa matenda ashuga amtundu wachiwiri, ndikusiyana kuti atabereka, vutoli limazimiririka, ndipo misempha ya mkaziyo imasintha.

Zizindikiro zoyenera kwa mayi woyembekezera ndi izi:

• musanalowe mthupi zosaposa 4.9,
• Mphindi 60 mutatha kudya pasanathe 6.9,
• Maola awiri mutatha kudya, shuga sayenera kupitirira 6.2-6.4.

Ngati zizindikiro zakukula kwa mawonekedwe a matenda oopsa a shuga apezeka, mfundo zovomerezeka za shuga m'magazi a mayi wapakati ndi izi:

1. Kusala - osapitirira 5.3.
2. Ola limodzi mutatha kudya zosaposa 7.7.
3. Mphindi 120 chakudya chikatha, kuchuluka kwambiri sikuyenera kupitirira 6.7.

Pakapezeka mawonekedwe a bere, mkazi ayenera kuyeza shuga m'magazi kawiri pa tsiku - m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu komanso madzulo asanagone.

Kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi glucometer kunyumba

Posachedwa, ngati kuli kotheka, anthu amatha kuyeza payekha zinthu zomwe zimapezeka m'thupi kunyumba. Pachifukwa ichi, chipangizocho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito - glucometer.

Kuyesa kwa magazi kwa miyezo kumachitika kuchokera ku chala cha dzanja. Pakuyeza, zala zonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kupatula ziwiri - kutsogolo ndi chala. Madotolo amalimbikitsa kupanga punctures pamanja mwanjira zina.

Pamaso pa njirayi, muyenera kusamba manja anu ndiuma. Izi zikufunika kuti tipeze zotsatira zowerengera.

Polemba, zida ziyenera kukhala:

• mizere yoyesa yosankhidwa malingana ndi mtundu wa mita,
• malawi - otupa otayira.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuti mupeze zotsatira zodalirika zoyezera, muyenera kusungira chida molondola ndikupewa:

1. Zowonongeka zamakina.
2. Kusiyana kotentha.
3. Chinyezi chachikulu pamalo osungira.

Ndikofunikanso kuwongolera masiku akumapeto kwa mizere yoyesa. Izi zitha kusungidwa kwa miyezi yopitilira 3 mutatsegula phukusi.

Ndondomeko ndi motere:

1. Kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa glucose, muyenera kusamba m'manja ndikuthira malo opumira. Musanapange punction, muyenera kudikirira mpaka mowa womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa matenda utuluke. Sizoletsedwa kupukuta malowo ndi kupukuta ponyowa. Izi ndichifukwa choti zigawo za humidifier zimayambitsa zosokoneza pazotsatira.
2. Ngati manja anu ali ozizira, ndiye kuti muyenera kuwawotha musanalowe.
3. Mzere woyezera umayikidwa mpaka kuwonekera kwa mbiri, pambuyo pake kuzungulira kwa chida chokha.
4. Lancet imabowola chala mpaka dontho la magazi litatuluka, dontho loyamba silikugwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi ambiri mkati mwake, dontho lachiwiri limatsikira pa mzere woyeza. Pambuyo pa magazi, mutatha masekondi 10-50, zotsatira za kafukufuku zimawonekera pazenera.
5. Mukalandira zotsatira za kusanthula, mzerewo umachotsedwa mu chipangizocho, ndipo chipangizocho chimazimitsa

Ngati shuga wokwezeka kapena wachepa wapezeka, mwayi wokhala ndi hypo- ndi hyperglycemia ndiwokwera. Pofuna kupewa zodwala zam'thupi, mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe akutsimikiziridwa ndi adokotala amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kulakwitsa posankha shuga pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer

Nthawi zambiri, mukamayeza mayeso a shuga, zolakwika zosiyanasiyana zimapangidwa zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri zotsatira za kafukufukuyu.

Zolakwika zofala kwambiri ndikuboola kwa chala chozizira, kukhazikitsa chipinda chosafunikira, magazi akulu kapena ochepa kuti awunikize, kutenga magazi kuti akupimitseni ndi chala chakuda kapena kupeza njira yotsatsira magazi m'magazi, kusungidwa kosayenera kwa mikwingwirima komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mizera yomwe yatha.

Kuphatikiza apo, kukhazikitsa zosalondola kwa chipangizocho, kusowa koyeretsa kachipangizoka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe sizimapangidwira modongosolo lino la glucometer kumabweretsa zotsatira zolakwika.

Madokotala ambiri amalimbikitsa kuti mumayang'anire kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwakuwunika mu chipatala chachipatala. Macheke oterewa amalimbikitsidwa kuti azichitika pafupipafupi.