Kuzindikira ndi kuchiza matenda ashuga: momwe mungadziwire matenda?

Masiku ano, 7% ya anthu padziko lapansi ali ndi matenda amtunduwu. Atsogoleri pa chiwerengero cha odwala matenda ashuga amakhalabe India, China ndi United States. Komabe, Russia sinapite patali, kutenga malo achinayi (miliyoni 9.6) atatha maiko awa.

Pokhala matenda osokoneza bongo, matenda a shuga m'magawo oyamba amatha kudutsa pafupifupi asymptomatic. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa matenda a zam'mimba, zizindikiro zoyambira zimayamba kuonekera. Komabe, kutembenukira kwa dokotala sikungakhale kwa nthawi, chifukwa matenda ashuga akhudza kale ziwalo zambiri ndipo zadzetsa zovuta.

Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kuyang'anira mosamala zizindikilo za thupi lanu. Zizindikiro ndi ziti komanso momwe matenda a shuga amawapezera - nkhani yomwe imakhudza anthu ambiri.

Kodi matenda ashuga ndi chiani?

Popeza matendawa amafalikira msanga mokwanira, ndipo odwala ambiri amafa chifukwa cha zovuta, amatchedwa "mliri" m'zaka zam'ma 2000. Matenda a shuga mellitus (DM) kapena "matenda okoma", monga iwo amati, ndi autoimmune pathology. Pakadali pano pali mitundu ya matendawa, monga mtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2, komanso matenda a shuga. Onsewa ali ndi chinthu chimodzi chogwirizana - shuga wambiri kapena hyperglycemia.

Matenda a shuga a Mtundu woyamba ndi njira yomwe imapangira insulin. Chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa chitetezo cha mthupi, zimayamba kukhudza maselo a beta a pulogalamu ya islet, yomwe imayang'anira kupanga timadzi timene timatsitsa totsitsa. Zotsatira zake, glucose simalowa m'maselo owonongeka ndipo pang'onopang'ono amayamba kudziunjikira m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakula ali aang'ono, motero amatchedwa achinyamata. Chofunikira pakuchizira matendawa ndi insulin.

Type 2 shuga mellitus ndi mkhalidwe womwe mapangidwe a insulin sasiya, koma chiwopsezo cha maselo chandamale pakusintha kwa mahomoni. Zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa T2DM zimawonedwa ngati kunenepa kwambiri komanso genetics. Ngati palibe chomwe chingachitike pamtundu wakubadwa, ndiye kuti mapaundi owonjezera ayenera kumenyedwa. Matendawa amakhudza mbadwo wachikulire kuyambira wazaka 40-45. Pa magawo oyambilira a chitukuko cha matenda ammagazi, mutha kuchita popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (hypoglycemic), kuyang'ana kudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Koma popita nthawi, kapamba amatha, ndipo kupanga insulini kumachepa, komwe kumafunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.

Matenda a gestational amapezeka mwa azimayi panthawi yoyembekezera. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose panthawi ya gestation ndi placenta. Amatulutsa mahomoni omwe amatsutsana ndi insulin. Zotsatira zake, kuchepa kwama glucose okwanira sikuchitika. Izi nthawi zambiri zimadutsa mwana akangobadwa. Komabe, ngati mulandidwa mosayenera, itha kusintha mtundu wa matenda ashuga 2.

Hyperglycemia yokhazikika mu shuga mellitus imabweretsa kuwonjezereka kwa lipids m'maselo, kusintha kwa kapangidwe kazinthu zamagetsi m'magazi, kuchepa kwa madzi, kuchepa kwa acid-base mulingo wa magazi, kuledzera ndi matupi a ketone, kumasulidwa kwa shuga ndi mkodzo, ndikuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni m'mitsempha yamagazi.

Ndi kuphwanya kwa nthawi yayitali kachulukidwe kazakudya, njira za pathogenic zimachitika m'matumbo ambiri a munthu, mwachitsanzo, impso, chiwindi, mtima, m'maso ndi zina zambiri.

Kodi ndiyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala liti?

Chithunzi cha matenda ashuga ndichachikulu kwambiri. Munthu akasokonezedwa ndi zizindikilo zina zomwe zingakhale zotsogola kwa “matenda okoma”, chizindikiritso chake chizikhala nthawi yomweyo.

Ndiye, momwe mungadziwire matenda amtundu wa 2 kapena mtundu 2? Zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa ndi kukodza pafupipafupi komanso ludzu losatha. Njira zotere zimachitika chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwa impso. Chifukwa cha chiwalochi, thupi limachotsa poizoni ndi zinthu zonse zovulaza.

Kuti achotse shuga owonjezera, impso zimafunikira madzi ambiri, motero amayamba kuzimatula. Ndipo popeza munthu amene sakudziwa za matenda ake ali ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri la m'magazi, glucose amayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi zonse. Bwalo loipa loterolo limakwiyitsa maonekedwe awiriwa.

Koma palinso zizindikiro zina zochepa za shuga zomwe zimafunikanso kuthana nazo:

Kusakwiya, chizungulire komanso kutopa. Zizindikirozi zimakhudzana ndi kugwira ntchito kwa ubongo. Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa glucose, poizoni amatulutsidwa - matupi a ketone. Masautso awo akachuluka, amayamba kuwononga ubongo. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa glucose, komwe kumatchedwa "gwero lamphamvu", pamakhala kufa kwa maselo, motero munthu amatopa msanga.
Kuzindikira kwa zida zowoneka. Popeza makulidwe amitsempha am'mimba amapezeka mu shuga, kayendedwe kabwinobwino ka magazi kamasokonezeka. Retina ili ndi vasculature yake, ndipo ndikasintha kwa pathogenic imayatsidwa. Zotsatira zake, chithunzi kutsogolo kwa maso chimakhala chosaluka, zolakwika zingapo zimawonekera. Ndi kupitilira kwa njirayi, kukulitsa kwa matenda ashuga a retinopathy ndikotheka.
Kuwona ndi dzanzi lam'munsi. Monga momwe zimakhalira pakuwonongeka kwamawonedwe, zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kufalikira kwa magazi. Popeza miyendo ndi malo akutali, amavutika kwambiri. Ndi chithandizo chamankhwala kwa adotolo, zovuta zambiri zimatheka: minofu necrosis, gangrene, matenda ashuga, ndipo ngakhale kufa.
Zizindikiro zina ndi pakamwa pouma, kuthamanga magazi, kuthamanga thupi, kugona mosalekeza, mavuto azakugonana, kusamba kwa msambo, zotupa pakhungu ndi kuyabwa, kuchiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali mabala ndi zilonda zam'mimba.

Pambuyo pakufufuza adotolo, wodwala yemwe wapeza chimodzi mwazizindikiro zomwe zalembedwa amamuuza kuti amupeza ndi matenda a shuga.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi

Kuti adziwe matenda a shuga msanga, katswiri amatsogolera wodwalayo kukayezetsa magazi.

Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito chipangizo choyeza glucose - glucometer kapena mizere yoyesera.

Dziwani kuti ngakhale anthu athanzi labwino omwe WHO amalimbikitsa kuchita kafukufuku pa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kamodzi kamodzi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda, zomwe zimaphatikizapo:

kukhalapo kwa achibale omwe ali ndi matenda omwewo
onenepa kwambiri
zaka zopitilira 40
mbiri ya mtima wamitsempha yamagazi,
azimayi omwe adabereka mwana wolemera oposa 4.1 makilogalamu, ndi zina zotero.

Maola 24 asanatengere magazi, wodwalayo ayenera kukonzekera phunzirolo. Sayenera kudzichulukitsa ndi ntchito yambiri, komanso kudya mopambanitsa. Popeza kuwunika kumachitika nthawi zambiri pamimba yopanda kanthu, simuyenera kumwa chakudya kapena chakumwa chilichonse (tiyi, khofi). Kuphatikiza apo, wodwalayo ayenera kukumbukira kuti zinthu ngati izi zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa glucose: mikhalidwe yovuta, pakati, matenda opatsirana komanso opatsirana, kutopa (mwachitsanzo, kusuntha kwa usiku). Chifukwa chake, chimodzi mwazomwe zili pamwambapa chikuwonekera, wodwala amayenera kuunikiranso mayeso kwakanthawi.

Pambuyo pakupereka zinthu zakuthupi kumimba yopanda kanthu, kuyesa kwa labotale kumachitika. Zotsatirazi zitha kuwonetsa mtundu wabwinobwino wa shuga ngati uli pamtunda kuchokera pa 3.5 mpaka 5.5 mmol / L, mkhalidwe wa chisanadze shuga kuyambira 5.6 mpaka 6.1 mmol / L, ndipo matenda a shuga ndi oposa 6.1 mmol / l Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nthawi zina kafukufukuyu amachitika mukatha kudya. Kenako phindu la shuga mwa munthu wathanzi sayenera kupitirira 11.2 mmol / L.

Kuzindikira mtundu 2 wa matenda a shuga kuphatikiza kuyesedwa kapena, monga momwe amatchedwanso, kuyesa kwa glucose. Imachitika m'magawo awiri. Choyamba, wodwalayo amatenga magazi a venous, kenako amupatsa kapu ya madzi otsekemera (300 ml ya madzi 100 g shuga). Kenako, kwa maola awiri, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera pachala chilichonse theka la ola. Zotsatira za phunziroli zimasiyana kwambiri malinga ndi momwe thupi liliri.

Chikhalidwe cham'mimba yopanda kanthu chimachokera ku 3.5 mpaka 5.5 mmol / L, mutamwa madzi amchere ndi shuga osakwana 7.8 mmol / L.

Zotsatira za shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu kuchokera pa 5.6 mpaka 6.1 mmol / L, mutamwa zakumwa ndi shuga wochepera 7.8 mpaka 11.0 mmol / L.

Matenda a shuga m'mimba yopanda kanthu kuchokera pamimba yopanda 6.1 mmol / L, atamwa zakumwa ndi shuga zoposa 11.0 mmol / L.

Njira zina zodziwira matenda

Kuzindikira magazi a capillary ndi venous amathandizira kuzindikira matenda ashuga, komabe, iyi sinjira yokhayo. Kuyesa kolondola kwambiri ndi kuyesa kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated. Nthawi yomweyo, kubwereranso kwake kwakukulu ndi kutalika kwa kafukufuku - mpaka miyezi itatu.

Mosiyana ndi kupereka magazi mwachizolowezi, komwe matendawa amatsimikiziridwa pambuyo poyesedwa kangapo, kuyesa kwa glycosylated hemoglobin molondola kumathandiza kuzindikira matenda a shuga.

Kuphatikiza apo, kudziwikitsa matendawa kumaphatikizanso mkodzo tsiku lililonse. Nthawi zambiri, shuga mumkodzo mulibe kapena sachita kuchuluka kwa 0,02%. Mkodzo umayang'anidwanso chifukwa cha zomwe zili ndi acetone. Kukhalapo kwa zinthu zotere kumawonetsa kuphunzira kwa matenda a shuga nthawi yayitali komanso kupezeka kwa zovuta.

Atazindikira hyperglycemia, adokotala ayenera kudziwa mtundu wa matenda. Kuzindikira matenda a shuga a mtundu 1 ndi 2 kumachitika chifukwa cha kuphunzira kwa C-peptides. Makhalidwe abwinobwino samatengera mtundu kapena zaka komanso kuyambira 0,9 mpaka 7.1 ng / ml. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku pa C-peptides amathandiza mtundu wa 1 odwala matenda ashuga kudziwa kuchuluka kwa jakisoni wa insulin.

Kufufuza njira zoterezi kumapereka chitsimikiziro chokwanira cha matenda a shuga komanso kuopsa kwake.

Kuzindikira matenda ashuga aubwana

Kwenikweni, matenda a shuga kwa ana amapezeka ali ndi zaka 5 mpaka 12. Madandaulo a mwana amagwirizana kwathunthu ndi zomwe akulu amatanthauza.

Nthawi zina, matenda ashuga amakula mwa akhanda. Kuzindikira matenda amtundu woyamba wa ana mu ana koyambirira kumaphatikizapo kuwayang'anira. Zotupa zosakhwima zimachitika mwa makanda, kuphwanya kwa chopondapo kumachitika, mkodzo umakhala womata, kutupa kumawonekera pakhungu.

Chifukwa chake zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga mu ana sizingakhale zakudya zopanda malire komanso kumwa kwambiri mowa, komanso zamaganizidwe ndi thupi.

Izi ndi izi:

Kuchulukitsa kwa malingaliro.
Kupsyinjika.
Kusintha kwa mahomoni.

M'malo mwake, kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga mwa ana sikufanana kwenikweni ndi kupezeka kwa akuluakulu. Nthawi zambiri, katswiri wokhala ndi "matenda okoma" omwe amakayikira amapatsa mwana mwayi wopititsa kukayezetsa magazi. Misingo ya shuga ndi yosiyana ndi akuluakulu. Chifukwa chake, mwa ana ochepera zaka 2, chizolowezi chimachokera ku 2.8 mpaka 4,4 mmol / L, wazaka kuyambira 2 mpaka 6 - kuyambira 3.3 mpaka 5.0 mmol / L, muunyamata, Zizindikiro zimayenderana ndi akulu - kuyambira 3 3 mpaka 5.5 mmol / L.

Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa zizindikiro, matenda a shuga amapezeka mwa ana. Ngati zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zikuchokera 5.6 mpaka 6.0 mmol / L, ndiye kuti adotolo amakupatsani mayeso ololera a glucose. Pambuyo pa kumwa kwa maola awiri, chizindikiritso cha 7 mmol / L chimadziwika. Momwe zikhalidwe zimachokera ku 7.0 mpaka 11.0 mmol / L, ichi ndi prediabetes; kupitirira 11.0 mmol / L, matenda a shuga kwa ana.

Atatha maphunziro angapo, katswiri amatha kutsimikizira kapena kutsutsa zomwe akuti wapezeka. Kuti mudziwe matendawa, ndi ana otani, monga nthawi zonse, kuwunika kwa C-peptides kumachitika.

Kuzindikira komanso kuchiza matenda ashuga mwa ana ndi akulu onse kumaphatikizaponso kumwa mankhwala kapena mankhwala a insulin, kusunga zakudya zoyenera, kuyang'anira glycemia nthawi zonse komanso masewera.

Kuti adziwe matenda ashuga oyamba kupangidwa, makolo, makamaka amayi, ayenera kuyang'ana mwana mosamala.

Ngati zizindikiro zazikulu za shuga zikuwoneka, ndiye muyenera kufunsa dokotala posachedwa ndikukumbukira kuti simungathe popanda kusanthula mwanjira iliyonse. Kudziwa momwe mungadziwire matenda a shuga kungadziteteze nokha ndi okondedwa anu ku zovuta zambiri.

Mu kanema mu nkhaniyi, mutu wa njira zodziwira matenda a shuga ukupitilizidwa.

Momwe mungadziwire matenda a shuga - njira zodziwira matenda

Matenda a shuga amayamba kuphwanya kagayidwe kake ka zakudya ndi madzi m'thupi. Vutoli limayambitsa kukanika kwa pancreatic komanso kuphwanya insulin, yomwe imakhudzidwa pokonza shuga. Ndi matenda osayembekezereka, matendawa amatha kubweretsa zovuta zazikulu, mpaka kufa.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga zimawonekera kutengera mtundu wamatenda. Ndi zovuta zamtundu 1, zikondamoyo zomwe zakhudzidwa pang'ono kapena ziletsa kwathunthu kupanga kwa mahomoni. Chifukwa cha izi, thupi siliphatikiza glucose pazakudya. Popanda mankhwala, kukula kwa matendawa sikungathe kuthandizidwa.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba amakhala ndi zaka 30. Amawona zizindikiro zotsatirazi zamatsenga:

kuwonda mwadzidzidzi
kulakalaka
Fungo la acetone mu mkodzo,
kusintha kwadzidzidzi,
kutopa kwambiri,
kuwonongeka kwakuthwa m'moyo wabwino.

Popanda kugwiritsa ntchito insulin, matenda a shuga 1 amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi ketoocytosis. Chifukwa cha matendawa, mankhwala oopsa amapezeka m'thupi, omwe amapangidwa chifukwa cha kusweka kwa maselo a lipid.

Matenda a shuga a Type 2 amapezeka kawirikawiri mwa anthu atatha zaka 35. Matendawa amakonda kutengeka ndi odwala onenepa kwambiri. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, 85% ya anthu omwe amapezeka ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ali ndi matenda a mtundu 2. Matendawa amadziwika ndi kupanga kwambiri insulin mthupi. Koma pamenepa, insulin imakhala yopanda ntchito, chifukwa minofuyo imatha kutaya chidwi ndi mphamvu imeneyi.

Matenda a 2 matenda a shuga sakonda kuvuta ketoocytosis. Mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zoyipa: kupsinjika, kumwa mankhwala, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kukwera pafupifupi 50 mmol / L. Mkhalidwe umakhala chifukwa cha kusowa kwamadzi, kulephera kuzindikira.

Gawani zambiri zamatenda omwe amapezeka ndi mtundu 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 matenda:

kumverera kopanda pakamwa kowuma
ludzu
kusintha koopsa kwa thupi,
kusinthika bwino kwa mabala ngakhale ndi kuwonongeka pang'ono pakhungu.
kugona ndi kufooka
kulemala
kuchepera kuyendetsa galimoto,
mikono ndi miyendo,
kumva kugwedezeka kwa miyendo
furunculosis,
kutsitsa kutentha kwa thupi
Khungu.

Kuzindikira matendawa kumaphatikizapo maphunziro azachipatala komanso a labotale. Poyambirira, dokotala amatenga anamnesis wa matenda - amawunika wodwalayo, amawona kutalika kwake ndi kulemera kwake, makonzedwe abadwa ndi vuto. Phunziroli limapitiliza ngati wodwalayo ali ndi ziwiri kapena zingapo za matendawa.

Mukapanga matenda, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto zimaganiziridwa:

zaka zopitilira 40
onenepa kwambiri
kusowa zolimbitsa thupi,
kuyanʻanila kagayidwe kagayidwe kachakudya mu azimayi pa nthawi yobereka komanso pambuyo pobadwa,
polycystic thumba losunga mazira mu kugonana koyenera,
kuchuluka kwa magazi.

Anthu opitilira zaka 40 ayenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi (nthawi 1 m'zaka 3). Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga amafunika kukonzedwa kamodzi pachaka.

Matenda a 2 a shuga amatha kupezeka ndi mayeso ena kapena kuwunika. Kafukufuku wotereyu amakupatsani mwayi kuti mupeze matenda am'migawo yoyambirira ya chitukuko, pomwe matendawa satsatiridwa ndi mawonekedwe amunthu.

Njira yodalirika yodziwira matenda am'madzi ndikuwonetsa chizindikiro cha glycosylated hemoglobin. Mlingo wofuna kupatuka kwa chizindikiritso poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Kuzindikira matenda a shuga kumaphatikizapo njira zoyambira komanso zowonjezera. Gulu loyamba la maphunziro liphatikizapo:

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga.
Mayeso a kulolera a glucose. Asanawunike, wodwalayo amamwa tambala ndipo amapereka magazi kuchokera pachala chisanafike ndi pambuyo pake. Njira imalola kusiyanitsa matendawa ndi prediabetes.
Urinalysis kwa shuga.
Kuzindikira ma ketones m'magazi a wodwalayo kapena mkodzo wake kuti mudziwe zovuta za matendawo kapena kukula kwake.

Kuphatikiza apo, zizindikiro zotsatirazi ndizotsimikiza:

Autoantibodies kupita ku insulin.
Proinsulin - kuphunzira kuthekera kwa kugwira ntchito kwa kapamba.
Zizindikiro zam'mbuyomu.
C-peptide - kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kwa insulin m'maselo.
HLA - kuyimira - kuti muwone zotheka za cholowa.

Njira zowonjezerapo kafukufuku zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kudziwa njira zabwino kwambiri zamankhwala kapena ngati matenda a shuga ndi ovuta. Kusankha kopereka mayeso owonjezera kumachitika ndi adokotala.

Asanayesedwe kuloleza kwa shuga, dokotala amalankhula ndi wodwalayo. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino kwa munthu aliyense ndi payekhapayekha, chifukwa chake ziyeso za mayeso zimaphunziridwa mumphamvu.

Dokotala amaphunzira kwa wodwala za mankhwala omwe amamwa. Mankhwala ena amatha kuthana ndi zotsatira za phunziroli, motero amathetsedwa kwakanthawi. Ngati sizingatheke kusiya mankhwalawo kapena kusankha zina zoyenerera, ndiye kuti zotsatira zoyesedwazo zimalembedwa poganizira izi.
Masiku atatu njira isanachitike, wodwalayo ayenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta. Chikhalidwe cha chakudya cham'madzi ndi 150 g patsiku.
Madzulo dzuwa lisanayesedwe, kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amamwetsedwa amachepetsedwa kukhala 80 g.
Phunziroli lisanachitike, iwo samadya maola 8-10, kusuta fodya ndi kumwa ndizoletsedwa. Kumwa madzi okha osakhala ndi kaboni kumaloledwa.
Maola 24 asanafike mayeso, zolimbitsa thupi ndizochepa.

Pambuyo pa phunziroli, wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amatha kuwona chizungulire pang'ono ndi kuwuma pakhungu pamalo oyikapo ntchito ya alendo.

Kusiyanitsa mitundu ya matenda ashuga kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwira mtundu wa matenda. Katswiriyu amatenga chidwi ndi zizindikiro za matenda, chifukwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya shuga imadziwika ndi chithunzi chawo. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda amodzi umadziwika ndi kuyamba kwachangu, 2 - Kukula pang'onopang'ono.

Gome likuwonetsa njira zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana a shuga

Matenda a shuga sindiwo thanthwe loipa kapena chilinganizo. Yang'anani kuzungulira inu, mamiliyoni a anthu akukhala ndi izi - kusangalala ndi moyo, kulera ana ndi zidzukulu, dzalani tsiku lililonse ndi zabwino.

Tikukhulupirira kuti mutawerenga nkhaniyi, mudzadzipeza nokha zambiri zothandiza. Tiyeni tisungitse malo nthawi yomweyo: sizikunena kuti ndi sayansi yakuya, koma kwa ambiri izikhala othandiza kwambiri.

Pali mizati itatu, zipilala zitatu, malamulo atatu oyambilira, kuwonera ndi kudalira omwe, mudzatulukira opambana pankhondo yolimbana ndi mdani wosazindikira uyu.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira mfundo zofunika:

kupewa ndi kuthetsa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa,
kuzindikira koyambirira kwa matendawa,
malangizo okhwima komanso kuwunika tsiku ndi tsiku zaumoyo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga 1 a mtundu wambiri mpaka magawo owerengeka ndi zolephera (zosokoneza) mu kapamba.

Ndi iye yemwe amayang'anira "kupanga" kwa insulin, kusiya kuzipanga kapena kuchepetsa zokolola. Ndipo insulin, monga mukudziwa, ndiyo "yoyang'anira" yayikulu ya kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Matenda a shuga a Mtundu Wachiwiri amadziwika ndi nyengo komanso zovuta zake. Mwachidule: insulini imapangidwa mokwanira, koma samadziwikanso ndi maselo a thupi la munthu.

Pazomwe zimayambitsa kulephera m'thupi, malingaliro a amuna ochokera ku sayansi amasiyana. Koma ndi chimodzi mwanjira imodzi: matenda a "shuga" ndimatenda osapatsirana. Sichisamutsidwa kuchoka kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu.

Zoyambira zingaphatikizeponso:

Kukhala paubwenzi ndi odwala ndi cholowa. Pano lingaliro la asayansi ndilogwirizana: kuyambiranso kwamatendawa ndikokwera kwambiri m'mabanja amenewo momwe mumakhala zowawa kale pothana ndi izi. Mbale, mlongo, amayi, abambo - kuyanjana kwambiri, kumakhala pachiwopsezo cha matendawa.
Kuchuluka, kusadzaza thanzi ndiko kunenepa kwambiri. Chilichonse chadziwika apa. Munthu, nthawi zambiri, amadziwa kuvulaza kwa vuto lake ndipo amayesetsa kuti achepetse thupi.
Matenda akulu ndi owopsa: oncology kapena pancreatitis. Amapha ma cell a pancreatic beta. Tetezerani kapamba wanu kuti asavulale.
Matenda a virus ndi njira yabwino yopangira matenda ashuga. Zimatha kukhala: hepatitis ya ma virus, rubella, pox. Tsoka ilo, chimfine chingakhalenso chochititsa chiyambi cha matenda. M'pofunika kupanga malo pompopompo: unyolo womveka kapena ubale waposachedwa "matenda a chimfine" sunakhazikitsidwe. Komabe, ngati njira ya chimfine imakulirakulira chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri komanso cholowa chamadongosolo obadwa nawo, ndiye kuti ndizotheka kukambirana za kupezeka kwamatendawa ndimatenda ambiri - ndiye chimfine chomwe chimatha kukhala chothandizira kukulitsa matenda a shuga.
Ndipo potsiriza, uno ndi m'badwo. Kafukufuku akuti zaka khumi zilizonse za moyo zimachulukitsa kawiri matenda. Koma kuthetsa zifukwa pamwambazi, mutha kuyambitsa mkangano ndi ziwerengero zoyipazi.

Zachidziwikire, ndi dokotala woyenera yekha yemwe angadziwe matenda a shuga. Komabe, pali zizindikiro zingapo zomwe zimayenera kuchenjeza, ziwapangitse kuwomba alamu ndikupereka chifukwa cholumikizana ndi chipatala.

Umu ndi momwe ziliri zomwe zidatchulidwa kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyi - kuwunika koyambirira. Ndi iye yemwe, ngati sangathe kuletsa, ndiye kuti atha kudwala matenda ake.

Momwe mungadziwire ndikudziwiratu matendawa pogwiritsa ntchito mafotokozedwe osavuta aumoyo wawo?