Chikhalidwe cha shuga m'magazi

Yankho la funso lomwe amayi amakalamba msanga kuposa amuna, akatswiri ochokera ku Austria adapereka. Adasanthula kwa nthawi yayitali, pomwe adaganiza kuti ndiyomwe amayambitsa.

Ngati agogo amakonda kusamalira zidzukulu zawo ndikukhala nawo nthawi, ndiye izi sizongowonjezera mizimu yawo ndikuwathandiza kuti azimva kuti ndi ofunika komanso amafunikira, komanso zimabweretsa zinthu zooneka.

Kudya tchizi chanyumba chamadzulo komanso ngakhale musanagone si owopsa poti mungalemere kwambiri. Komanso, ogwira ntchito ku Florida State University amati kanyumba kanyumba kamachedwa.

Buku lothandizira

Zakudya zoyenera komanso zopatsa thanzi ndiye chinsinsi cha moyo wathanzi. Si chinsinsi kuti chakudya chimakhudza mwachindunji momwe thupi liliri. Zotsatira za kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi zitha kukhala zokwanira.

Directory> Zakudya Zolemba Pazakudya: Marina Stepanyuk

Iwo omwe amalimbikitsa kusala kudya ngati njira yochiritsira moyenera nthawi zambiri amalankhula za maubwino ake. Ubwino wosala kudya ndikuti ndi imodzi mwanjira zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala.

Directory> Zakudya Zolemba Pazakudya: Marina Stepanyuk

Kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito moyenera, komanso kuti munthu akhale wathanzi komanso wathanzi, ayenera kudya moyenera. Pakadali pano, alipo ambiri kwambiri.

Directory> Zakudya Zolemba Pazakudya: Marina Stepanyuk

Nthawi zambiri, chikhodzodzo chimakhala chowumbidwa ndi peyala, chimasiyanitsa pansi (mbali yakumapeto kwa chiwalo), thupi ndi khosi (gawo lochepetsetsa). Chiwalochi ndi chosungira cha bile (chimakhala ndi 40-60 ml), chomwe.

Leukocyturia ndichinthu chachilendo chakuchulukirachulukira kwa zomwe zili m'maselo oyera a magazi - leukocytes mu urinalysis. Nthawi zambiri, mwa akulu, kutengera jenda, leukocytes mwa amuna amapezeka.

Matenda> Matenda a genitourinary system Wolemba: Daria Sloeveranyuk

Odwala omwe ali ndi madandaulo a kutentha kwa mtima ndi kusasangalala pamene akudutsa chakudya kudzera kummero amapezeka ndi GERD. Ichi ndi chiyani Chidule ichi chimayimira gastroesophageal Reflux.

Matenda> Matenda ogwiritsa ntchito m'mimba Zolemba: Vladimir Konev

Ogasiti 18, 2018

Kunenepa kwambiri (lat. Obesitas - chidzalo, kunenepa) ndi matenda osakhazikika omwe amadziwika ndi kudzikundikira kwa minofu ya adipose m'thupi la munthu, komwe kumabweretsa kulemera.

Zizindikiro> Zizindikiro Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro Wolemba: Eugene Yankovsky

Kuwona chidwi ndi chithunzi chomwe chimawonekera m'maganizo ndipo sichikugwirizana ndi chilimbikitso chakunja. Zomwe zimayambitsa kuyembekezera kumatha kukhala kutopa kwambiri, matenda ena amisala.

Zizindikiro> Kuzindikira ndi Kuchita Zolemba: Eugene Yankovsky

Ngati mapazi a munthu akumazizira, monga lamulo, pang'onopang'ono izi zimachitika kwa iye, ndipo sazindikira izi ngati chinthu choopsa. Monga lamulo.

Zizindikiro> Zizindikiro ndi zolemba Zambiri Wolemba: Marina Stepanyuk

Kapangidwe ka ma milliliters a 100 a madontho amaso a Okomistin ali ndi mankhwala othandizira othandizira benzyldimethyl ammonium chloride monohydrate mu 10 mg. Madzi oyeretsedwa ndi chloride.

Miramistin imakhala ndi yogwira - Benzyldimethyl ammonium chloride monohydrate - 100 mg, komanso madzi oyeretsedwa. Zinthu zina siziphatikizidwa ku Miramistin. Fomu.

Mankhwala> Ma Antiseptics Wolemba: Marina Stepanyuk

Kapangidwe ka kapisozi kamodzi pakakonzedwe kamlomo kamaphatikizira mabakiteriya a Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 kuchuluka kwa madigiri 10 mpaka 9 CFU. Mulinso zowonjezera.

Mtanthauzira mawu Medical

Aseptic ndi magawo omwe amafunidwa kuti aletse kulowetsedwa kwa ma virus m'magulu am'mimba ndikukula kwa matenda opatsirana chifukwa cha izi.

Mavitamini ndi michere yosavuta yazinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe. Kutenga gawo lalikulu la zochita zamthupi zomwe zimachitika mthupi, zimagwira ntchito zowonetsera.

Bacteremia ndi kupezeka kwa mabakiteriya m'magazi. Kulowerera m'magazi a michere yakunja kumachitika kudzera mucous nembanemba, malo amkhungu, komanso ndi pathological.

Mayi aliyense wongobadwa kumene yemwe wangobwera ndi maloto a kumangitsa thupi ndikubwerera kumitundu yomwe idamukondweretsa panthawi ya kubereka.

Zambiri pazakhungu la nkhope limakhala likuwululidwa nthawi zonse - izi ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti chilengedwe chizigwiritsa ntchito, komanso zotsatirapo za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kosalekeza.

Zambiri Hemorrhoids ndi njira yodutsitsa matupi oopsa a rectum, osasintha. Poona kusokonezedwa kotuluka ndipo.

Anna: Ndakhala ndikukula kwa msana kwazaka 12. Maphunzirowa amangothandiza.

Vladimir: Marina, moni! Ndizodabwitsa kuti palibe ndemanga patsamba lanu! Ndipo mutu wake ndi.

Kira: Koyamba ndimva kuti pambuyo pa Alflutop amapeza ma kilogalamu 15))) Mtundu wina wopanda pake. Izi siziri.

Anna Perova: Ndimatenganso Angiorus, mankhwala abwino komanso okwera mtengo. Ndili ndi gawo loyamba mpaka pano.

Zipangizo zonse zomwe zimaperekedwa patsamba lino ndizachidziwitso komanso maphunziro okha ndipo sizingaganizidwe ngati njira ya chithandizo kapena kufunsira wokwanira kokhazikitsidwa ndi dokotala.

Oyang'anira tsamba ndi olemba nkhani sakhala ndi vuto pazotayika zilizonse komanso zomwe zingachitike mutagwiritsa ntchito malowa.

Njira Zoyesera Mwazi za Shuga

Kutsimikiza kwa glucose wamagazi mu diagnostics a label ikuchitika mwa njira zotsatirazi:

• kusanthula kwenikweni kwa venous kapena capillary biofluid (magazi),
• GTT (mayeso a glucose kulolerana),
• kusanthula kwa HbA1C (glycosylated, glycated hemoglobin).

Kukonzekera kafukufuku kumaphatikizapo malamulo ochepa osavuta. Wodwala amafunikira:

• masiku ochepa phunzirolo lisanachitike, pewani zakudya zamafuta,
• Masiku 2-3 kupatula zakumwa zokhala ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa,
• chotsani mankhwala kwakanthawi (kwa masiku 2-3),
• tsiku lotsatira la kusanthula kuti muchepetse zolimbitsa thupi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta osavuta (maswiti),
• onetsetsani dongosolo la kusala kudya kwa maola 8-10 musanachitike njirayi (kusala kudya ndiye njira yayikulu yopezera zotsatira zakufufuzira).

M'mawa pa tsiku la kusanthula, sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzichita ukhondo wamkamwa, popeza mano amkamwa amatha kukhala ndi shuga pakapangidwe. Ndipo uyeneranso kusiya chikumbumtima, osachepera ola limodzi maphunziro asanakwane. Pamaso kusanthula, ndizoletsedwa kupimidwa x-ray, magawo olimbitsa thupi.

Ngati zotsatira za ma microscopy sizikhutiritsa (kuchuluka kapena kuchepa kwa ziwonetsero zokhudzana ndi zomwe zikuwonetsedwa), malangizo oti awunike amasinthidwa mobwerezabwereza. Zopereka zamagazi ndizofunikira pakadutsa sabata iliyonse.

Kuwona bwino kwa zotsatirazi kumakhudzidwa ndi:

• Matenda oopsa tsiku lotsatira
• kusagwirizana ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso kufa ndi njala musanaunike,
• nkhawa
• mankhwala a mahomoni
• kumwa mowa.

Kupatuka kwa zotsatira kuchokera kumunda wabwinobwino wophunzirira kawiri ndizomwe zimapangitsa mayendedwe apamwamba.

Chiyeso chololera cha glucose ndi kafukufuku wa labotale wozikidwa pamiyeso iwiri yamagazi:

• makamaka pamimba yopanda kanthu
• mobwerezabwereza - maola awiri atatha "shuga" (wodwalayo amamwa yankho lamadzi, mthupi la 75 g pa 200 ml ya madzi).

GTT imatsimikiza kuloleza kwa glucose, ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kwa momwe zimagwirira ntchito zomanga thupi. Izi zimapereka maziko azindikira matenda owonjezera a shuga kapena boma la prediabetes. Matenda a shuga ndi mzere wam'mphepete mwa thupi pomwe shuga amachulukira, koma osagwirizana ndi shuga yeniyeni. Mosiyana ndi matenda ashuga, prediabetes imasinthidwanso.

Kusanthula pa HbA1C

Glycated hemoglobin ndi gawo limodzi la mapuloteni a maselo ofiira a m'magazi (hemoglobin) ndi glucose, omwe sasintha kapangidwe kake kwa masiku 120. Kuwunika kwa HbA1C kumapereka chiwonetsero chazofunikira zamagulu a shuga munthawiyi. Phunziroli limachitika chimodzimodzi ndi mayeso oyambira a shuga. Ndi miyeso itatu yowonjezereka, ma endocrinologist adayikidwa kuti abweretse amuna.

Zosankha

Ndi microscopy yama biochemical, magawo otsala amayesedwa nthawi yomweyo, kuphatikiza mlingo wa cholesterol. Phunziroli silofunikanso, chifukwa nthawi zambiri, kusintha kwa mtima kwa atherosulinotic kumayendera ndi hyperglycemia. Ma cholesterol athunthu sayenera kukhala apamwamba kuposa 6.9 mmol / L (LDL - kuchokera ku 2.25 mpaka 4.82 mmol / L, HDL - kuchokera pa 0.70 mpaka 1.73 mmol / L).

Makhalidwe abwino

Millimole pa lita imodzi (mmol / l) - kuchuluka kwa labotale muyezo wa glycemia wolandiridwa ku Russian Federation. Malire otsika a shuga wabwinobwino mwa amuna akuluakulu obadwa ndi ana ndi 3.5 mmol / L, ndipo chapamwamba ndi 5.5 mmol / L. Mwa ana achimuna ndi achinyamata, chizolowezi chimacheperachepera.

Akuluakulu (opitilira zaka 60), mitengo ya glycemia imasunthira kumtunda. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha ukalamba wogwirizana ndi thupi (kuchepa kwa minyewa yokhudzana ndi insulin). Matenda a shuga m'magazi mwa mibadwo ya anthu (m'mol / l):

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatsimikizika pamimba yopanda kanthu! Zotsatira zabwino zakufufuzira zimawonedwa kuti ndi 4.2-4.6 mmol / L Mulingo wovomerezeka wamalire am'munsi wa glucose ndi 3,3 mmol / L. Physiological hyperglycemia mutatha kudya, ilinso ndi yoyendetsera.

Kuchulukitsa kwa shuga komwe kumakhazikitsidwa ola limodzi ndikatha kudya, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa mamol / L kumatsika, ndipo pambuyo maola atatu shuga amabwerera ku mtengo wake woyambirira. Glycemia atatha kudya sayenera kukwera kuposa 2.2 mmol / L (ndiye kuti, zotsatira zake zonse zimakwanira mkati mwa 7.7 mmol / L).

Zizindikiro zoyeserera magazi

Pozindikira panthawi yake za matenda ashuga komanso mtundu wa prediabetes, amuna azaka zopitilira 50 amalimbikitsidwa kuti azichita kuyezetsa magazi kwa glucose pachaka. Mayendedwe a phunziroli adawonetsedwa ndi adokotala pakuwunikira wodwala nthawi zonse, komanso pazodandaula zomwe wodwalayo adandaula.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za hyperglycemia ndi:

• ludzu losalekeza (polydipsia),
• Hypoactivity, kutopa msanga, kuchepa kwa ntchito, kugona.
• kukodza pafupipafupi (polakiuria),
• kuphwanya mawonekedwe osinthika a khungu,
• kudya kwambiri (polyphagy),
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• zoletsa za libido (chilakolako chogonana) ndi ntchito ya erectile.

• chizungulire ndi cephalgic syndrome (mutu),
• nseru mutadya,
• nkhondo zosalamulirika,
• matenda ogwedezeka ndi kunjenjemera kwa manja,
• kufooka kwa neuropsychological (asthenia),
• kuphwanya kwa kutentha (kuzizira, kuzizira kwa miyendo),
• kutentha kwa mtima (tachycardia).

Ndi kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi, kuthekera kwachepetsa kufooka, kukumbukira ndi ntchito zina zazidziwitso zimalephera.

Zoyambitsa glycemia wosakhazikika mwa amuna

Kuchuluka kapena kusowa kwa shuga mthupi kungakhale chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa matenda osazindikira, kuwonekera pazinthu zakunja, kudya kopanda thanzi komanso kusokoneza bongo. Choyambirira cha glucose, choyambirira, chikuwonetsa chitukuko cha odwala omwe samadalira insulin a mtundu wachiwiri kapena boma la prediabetes.

• mowa mwauchidakwa (uchidakwa),
• kunenepa kwambiri
• cholowa cholowa.

Hyperglycemia ikhoza kuchitika motsutsana ndi maziko a:

• aakulu kapamba (kutupa kwa kapamba),
• Matenda a khansa (ngakhale thupi lomwe lawonongeka pa oncological),
• hyperthyroidism (kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro),
• mankhwala a mahomoni
• mtima pathologies (makamaka, kugunda kwa mtima ndi stroko, m'mbuyomu).

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatsimikizira kukhala ndi thanzi labwino:

• kuchepa kwa chinthu chopangira vitamini-mineral m'thupi chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa m'thupi (zakudya zopanda chakudya),
• kusokonezeka pafupipafupi kwa neuropsychological (nkhawa),
• zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zimapitilira mphamvu ya mwamunayo (kumwa mopanda kumwa kwa glycogen),
• Kugwiritsa ntchito maswiti (kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta ochepa kumayambitsa kukwera kwakukulu, ndiye kutsika kwamphamvu kwa zizindikiro za shuga),
• kuledzera ndi mowa, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mankhwala.

Kugwa kwakuthwa kwa zizindikiro za glucose (pansipa 3.3 mmol / L) kukuwopseza kukula kwa vuto la hypoglycemic. Wodwala amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala chodzidzimutsa.

Zotsatira za hyperglycemia kwa thupi laimuna

Kukhazikika kwa shuga wabwinobwino mwa amuna kumawopseza kukula kwa matenda a shuga a 2, komanso zovuta zotsatirazi:

• kuphwanya zam'magazi mtima, chifukwa - kugunda kwa mtima,
• magazi osakwanira kuubongo, chiwopsezo cha kugwidwa,
• kuwonongeka kwa magazi chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa magazi ndi kusintha kwake,
• kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa erectile,
• kutsika kwamawonedwe owoneka,
• kukanika kwa impso.

Matenda a shuga osakhazikika ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zamatenda a shuga. Matenda a endocrine dongosolo la thupi amatanthauza matenda osachiritsika, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi zovuta zowonongeka. Kuti mupeze kupatuka kwakanthaŵi, ndikofunikira kupenda magazi pafupipafupi kuti mupeze shuga.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuphunzira ngati zizindikiritso za matenda ashuga zimawoneka (polyphaphia, polydipsia, pollakiuria, kufooka, kusokonekera kwa khungu, kuthamanga kwa magazi). Kuzindikira matenda a shuga kumachitika pokhapokha ngati ma labotale azowonetsa magazi:

• maphunziro oyamba a magazi a capillary kapena venous,
• kuyeserera kwa shuga
• kusanthula kwa glycosylated hemoglobin level.

Mulingo wambiri wa glucose pamimba yopanda kanthu kwa amuna a msinkhu wobereka ndi 5.5 mmol /. Kuchulukitsa pang'ono kumaloledwa (osapitirira 0,8 mmol / L) mwa amuna azaka zopitilira 60, chifukwa cha kusintha kwokhudzana ndi zaka mu kumva kwa minofu ndi maselo kulowa insulin.

Njira zopewera kukhalabe ndi glycemia mwa amuna ndi izi:

• kukhala ndi chakudya chopatsa thanzi: malire a zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta a nyama, komanso kuyambitsa mndandanda wazakudya zonse zopezeka mu fiber, mchere ndi mavitamini (masamba atsopano ndi zipatso, mtedza, nyemba ndi chimanga),
• kudya mwatsatanetsatane mavitamini ndi michere mineral,
• kusamwa mowa wambiri wa maswiti ndi mowa,
• masewera olimbitsa thupi okhazikika.

Zizindikiro zikayamba, muyenera kufunsa thandizo kuchipatala.