Tulukani zakudya zamankhwala ku Moscow

Ngati muli ndi matenda otsekula m'mimba, akufalikira ndi mavuto ena mkaka, kodi mungadye tchizi ndi tchizi?

Mu pulogalamu yamawa m'mawa, Elena Malysheva adalankhula za moyo wathanzi wokhudza kusalolerana mkaka wonse. Zowonadi, opitilira 30% okalamba mdziko lathu (ku China, 90%) samatha kumwa mkaka wonse - amayamba kumva kuwawa. Chifukwa chiyani?

Zonse ndi za mkaka wa mkaka lactose. Nthawi zambiri, munthu amazigaya mosavuta mkaka. Koma mwa anthu omwe alibe mkaka, mawonekedwe a enzyme m'thupi amachepetsa. Chifukwa chake, lactose imalowa m'matumbo popanda kusintha, komwe imakhala chakudya cha Microbiota yathu. Phwando la Microbiology nthawi zambiri limatha ndi mseru, m'mimba komanso m'mimba zotumphukira. (Ngakhale kuti lactose imakhala yoposa 5% mkaka wa ng'ombe, zochepa izi zimatha kubweretsa zovuta zambiri.

Mkaka ndiwopangidwa modabwitsa komanso wathanzi kwambiri. Ili ndi mapuloteni omwe ali ndi ma amino acid ofunikira, mafuta ndi calcium m'magulu a bioavava. Koma ndichite chiyani kwa iwo omwe samatha kumwa mkaka wonse? Wogwirizanitsa pulogalamuyo adatembenukira omvera ndi funsoli ndipo nthawi yomweyo adalandira yankho: tiyenera kumwa kefir. Koma poyankha izi, m'modzi mwa omwe anali nawo, dokotala wovomerezeka, anangokweza manja ake: "Kefir? Mulibe lactose mmenemo! ” Chifukwa chochokera pa TV kupita pa gulu la anthu ochulukirapo kuwonetsa ngati bodza.

Kefir ndi mkaka wokhathamiritsa ndendende chifukwa cha mapangidwe a lactose nayonso mphamvu ya lactose. Wodziwika bwino mu ndondoyi ndi kefir bowa, gulu loimira mabakiteriya ndi yisiti. Amasandutsanso mkaka wa shuga mkaka kukhala lactic acid. Kusintha komweku kumachitika mu yogati, kokha komwe kumapangidwa pachomera osati ndi bowa wa kefir, koma ndi chikhalidwe chapadera cha mabakiteriya a lactic acid. Ryazhenka ndi yogati yemweyo, koma kuchokera mkaka wophika. Kunyumba, alendo amakhala ndi chidutswa cha buledi ngati choyambitsa, komabe, tsopano mutha kugula zoyambitsa mu mankhwala. Mkaka wachilengedwe umatha kukhala wowawasa ngati mabakiteriya alowa kuchokera mlengalenga. Ndipo m'malo okhala acidic, mapuloteni amkaka amayamba kupindika, osiyanitsidwa ndi Whey, ndipo tchizi chokoleti chimapezeka.

Zonsezi mkaka wowawasa, ngati zimakhala ndi lactose, ndiye kuti zimatsalira kuchotsedwa kwa nayonso mphamvu. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi mkaka wolekerera, ndikofunikira komanso kotetezeka kumwa kefir, mkaka wowotchera, yogati ndi kudya tchizi.

Kodi wamkulu wa pulogalamuyo adapereka chiyani, akukhulupirira kuti lactose sapita ku kefir? Adafotokozera ndikuwonetsa chatsopano chamakampani ogulitsa zakudya, Lactose-Free Mkaka. Zikuwoneka kuti, chifukwa cha malonda awa, adapereka chowonadi, adakweza nthabwala pa kefir ndikusokoneza mutu wa anthu ambiri. Mlanduwu ndi chitsanzo chachikulu chomwe chikhoza kukambidwa kunyumba kapena kupatulidwa phunziro la chemistry kusukulu.

Zakudya zam'mero ​​ku Moscow

Kwa iwo omwe sanamve zokwanira pankhani ya zakudya, tidzafotokozera zomwe zili, ndipo mutha kuwona zomwe zimadyedwa ndi momwe zimawonekera patsamba lathu la webusayiti, pomwe chilichonse chimafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane. Zakudya zamtunduwu zikuyimira zomwe zikuchitika kumene mdziko lapansi.

Ndizosangalatsa kuti pamipikisano yapadziko lonse lapansi, ophika - oimira maselo achilengedwe - akupambana.

Miyambo yazakudya izi idayikidwa ndi oyang'anira zophika kwambiri padziko lapansi. Tsopano zakudya za ma molekyulu zikuyamba kupezeka m'malesitilanti mdziko muno.

Gastronomy yamamolekyulu: nkhani ya kukoma

Lingaliro losangalatsa la tchuthi ndi tebulo la buffet ndi maselo gastronomy! Ndi chiyani? Iyi si njira yophika kwenikweni, yomwe imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera zachilengedwe (zopangira) ndi maukadaulo apadera ophikira.

Mukazolowera zakudya zamankhwala osokoneza bongo, mudzapeza mwayi woyesa zakudya zambiri zosangalatsa, monga: mavwende a caviar, spaghetti ya apple, kiwi foam, magawo a sitiroberi ndi zina zambiri. Kusiyanitsa kakhitchini kumeneku ndikuti mbale zotsiriza zimasunga zinthu zopindulitsa ndipo osataya mavitamini. Izi zimatheka chifukwa cha kusinthidwa kwina kwa zinthu komanso kusankha kuchuluka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yophikira.

Njira Yophika

Zakudya zam'molekyulu zimapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe zimatchedwa mafashoni. Zambiri pazomwe zimapangidwazo zimapezeka patsamba lathu. Pamenepo mutha kusankha ndikuyika zojambula ndi kutumiza ku Moscow kapena kutumiza makalata kumizinda ina ya CIS. Ngati mukufuna, dziwani! Zakudya zatsopano zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndizomwe zimakugulirani. Pazomwezi, alangizi a sitolo yathu angakuthandizeni kusankha zoyenera pazakudya zilizonse. Zojambula zonse zimaphatikizidwa mu malo osungiramo mafuta opangira zakudya.

Ntchito yophika yatsopano

Ngati muli ku Moscow, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosangalatsa kwambiri yophunzirira luso la gastronomy, uku ndikulinganiza gulu lokhala ndi magulu olimbitsa inu nokha ndi anzanu kapena gulu la akatswiri pakati pa anzanu ofanana nawo. Akatswiri athu ochokera ku gulu la Molecularmeal angasangalale kukonzekera msonkhano wosangalatsa komanso wothandiza wa maselo anu. Gulu la akatswiri la ana limachitika m'njira yosangalatsa kwambiri. Mutha kudziwa momwe mungapangire gulu lawopamwamba mukamapita kuno. Mukazolowera chizolowezi chokonzekera zakudya zamankhwala osakaniza, sankhani zofunikira zomwe zili m'sitolo yathu ndikuyesera kuphika nokha.

Ndipo pali njira yosavuta kuyesera mbale zatsopano. Ngati mukufuna kuchita zochitika zapagulu: zikondwerero, masiku akubadwa, mawonetsedwe, maukwati. Tiiteni ku mwambowu. Zochitika za ana ndi kutengapo gawo kwathu zimakumbukirabe kwa nthawi yayitali, zotsekemera zimadutsa padenga. Timaphika pamaso pa alendo, timagwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi (kutentha kwake ndi -196 C °). Alendo atha kuchita nawo zofananira. Mutha kuyesa mbalezo, ndipo ngati sizowopsa, viyikani dzanja lanu mu nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi, kenako ndikuphwanya zidutswa zochepa kwambiri. Za kuthyola dzanja ndi nthabwala! Mukamatsatira malangizowa, ndi bwino kuviika dzanja lanu mu madzi a nayitrogeni. Ndani akufuna - yesani. Zambiri zili pano.

Kodi mkaka wopanda lactose: mapindu ndi kuvulaza thupi

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lactose, m'malo mwa mkaka wokhazikika, amaphatikiza mankhwala a lactose wopanda zakudya zawo.

Mwambiri, iyi ndi ng'ombe wamba, nkhosa kapena mkaka wa mbuzi, pomwe shuga wamkaka amachotsedwa ndikusiyana kwa nembanemba. Mwanjira imeneyi, lactose imadulidwa kukhala glucose ndi galactose.

Palinso mkaka wotsika-lactose wokhala ndi mndandanda wa 0,01%, wopezedwa ndi njira ya nembanemba kusefukira kwa kukhazikitsa galactose.

Chifukwa chiyani mkaka wopanda lactose ndi wokoma? Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziwonongeke sizinthu zophweka zokha, komanso zotsekemera.

Ichi ndiye chifukwa chosintha kukoma. Chifukwa chake, mkaka wopanda lactose - phindu ndi kuvulaza kwa zomwe amapanga thupi la munthu zimawululira izi.

Mkaka wopanda lactose umapangidwa kuchokera ku mkaka wamba, wosavuta.

Kapangidwe ka mkaka wopanda lactose sikusiyana kwambiri ndi mankhwala omwe amakhala kale. Muli mavitamini, mchere, phulusa, mapuloteni, mafuta, chakudya ndi michere acid.
Kuchokera ku mavitamini:

• Mavitamini B,
• beta carotene
• ascorbic acid
• mavitamini E, PP, D, N,
• ma amino acid
• choline
• ma nucleic acid.

Chofunika kwambiri pakuphatikizidwa kwa mchere ndi calcium. Kuphatikiza apo, imakhala ndi potaziyamu, sulfure, fluorine, phosphorous, sodium, magnesium, citrate ndi chloride.

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mkaka wopanda lactose ndiko kusakhalapo kwa chomaliza. Kapena mkaka wokhala ndi lactose wambiri umakhala ndi zochuluka, zomwe sizimayambitsa mayankho olakwika m'thupi ndi tsankho lactose. Zowonjezera zothandiza, monga L-acidophilus, zomwe zimakhudza lactose, zimawonjezedwanso pazinthu izi.

BJU, motero, imasinthanso mokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya komanso mapuloteni. Zophatikiza zamafuta sizisintha, nthawi zambiri zimawonjezeredwa 1.5 g. Kuchulukitsa kwa mafuta kumatsikira ku 3.1 g, ndipo mosiyana, kumakhala mapuloteni ambiri - 2.9 g. Izi zimapangitsa kutsika kwa 10-15 kcal pazinthu zopatsa mphamvu. Zotsatira zake, malonda ake ali ndi 39 kcal.

Njira ina yocheperako mkaka wachikhalidwe ndi mkaka wa soya. Ili ndi kukoma kosangalatsa komanso kosangalatsa, sikotsika mkaka wamba mu kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni, mumakhala mavitamini ndi iron ambiri, komanso ili ndi cholesterol yotsika. Werengani zambiri zamalonda pano ...

Kodi zopindulitsa thupi ndi chiyani?

Ubwino wa mkaka wopanda lactose sulephera. Zoyipa zokha ndizokwera kwambiri kwa katunduyo, ndipo zabwino zake ndi izi:

• Hippoallergen - mogwirizana ndi chiwonongeko cha lactose, malonda amasiya kuyambitsa mavuto.
• Kusungidwa kwa mavitamini ndi michere mukalandira chithandizo,
• Kugaya mosavuta - kutsitsa shuga m'magazi kumapangitsa kuti chimbudzi chikhale chophweka komanso chathamanga komanso kuchotsera zotsatira zoyipa zamagetsi m'magazi, monga kutumphukira, kuphulika, nseru, kusanza,
• Kukoma kokoma kwambiri chifukwa cha kupasuka kwa lactose kuzinthu zing'onozing'ono,
• Kuchepetsa kuthekera kwa colic mwatsopano ndi kuyamwitsa.

Kufunika kwa malonda kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kupezeka kwa mavitamini ndi michere mukuphatikiza. Kapangidwe kamkaka wopanda lactose kumathandizira kukonza m'mimba, kusintha kagayidwe, komanso kubwezeretsa minofu. Zomwe zimapangidwazo zimathandizira mu ntchito ya mtima, zimalimbitsa mafupa, mano, tsitsi, ndi mbale ya msomali. Kuphatikiza apo, ntchito yamanjenje imakhala yofanana.

Muphunzira zambiri zamabwino amkaka wopanda mkaka kuchokera ku kanema:

Kuchokera mkaka mutha kupanga chakumwa chabwino chaumoyo pogwiritsa ntchito bowa wamkaka wa Tibetan http://poleznoevrednoe.ru/pitanie/molochnie-produkti/tibetskij-molochnyj-grib-poleznye-svojstva-i-protivopokazaniya/

Mkaka wopanda lactose uyenera kudyedwa osati ndi lactose tsankho, komanso nthawi ya chakudya. Mtengo wa calorific wa malonda ndi 20% wotsika kuposa wa mkaka wamba, motere, kuchuluka kwa chakudya kumachepetsa.

Zotsatira zake, popanda kuchepetsa kudya komanso kuwonjezera masewera olimbitsa thupi, mutha kuchepetsa thupi mwachangu.

Kuphatikiza apo, monga mkaka wamba, mumakhala calcium yambiri, yofunikira kulimbitsa ndi kukongola kwa misomali, tsitsi.

Mkaka wopanda lactose poyamwitsa komanso pakati umakhala ndi zabwino zina. Munthawi yoyamwitsa mwana magawo oyamba, mkaka uyenera kukhalapo pakudya kwa mayi woyembekezeka kuti mwana apangidwe. Mu trimester yachitatu, zinthu mkaka zimatha kuyambitsa mseru chifukwa chosafunikira.

Zofunika kwambiri kwa amayi apakati, chifukwa cha zomwe zili ndi choline, zimakhala ndi wowawasa zonona. Choline ndi chofunikira kwa amayi apakati, chifukwa zimathandizira kukulitsa ubongo wa mwana. Muphunzira zambiri zamabwino amkaka wowawasa kuchokera m'nkhaniyi ...

Mukamasankha mkaka wopanda lactose, zotere sizimachitika. Mkaka wa m'munsi wa lactose pa nthawi yoyamwitsa umathandiza kuthana ndi colic mwa mwana.

Ubwino wa ana

Chochitika chodziwika bwino ndicho kusalolera kwa lactose mwa ana, makamaka akhanda.

Panthawi imeneyi, kuyamwitsa kumaletsedwa, ndipo mwana amafunikira mankhwala opanda lactose.

Kwa makanda, zosakaniza zopanda lactose zimapangidwa, zolemera, kuphatikiza ndi prebiotic, zofunika kusintha matumbo microflora. Mkaka wopanda lactose wa ana umatulutsidwanso mu mawonekedwe owuma kuti ukhale wabwino.

Kuvulaza ndi zotsutsana

Izi ndi zotetezeka ndipo zilibe zotsutsana. Ndi kusalolera kwathunthu wa lactose komwe kumapangitsa kuti thupi lawo lisagwidwe. Zikatero, zinthu zokhazo zomwe zimachokera pazomera ndizofunikira.

Komanso mkaka wopanda lactose wokhala ndi chifuwa cha mkaka wa ng'ombe suletsedwa, popeza kuchuluka kwa chakudya kumachepa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni kumawonjezeka.

Izi zimathandizira kuwonekera kwa ziwengo ndi kusokoneza kwamatumbo.

Mawonekedwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito

Mkaka wopanda lactose ndi chinthu chatsopano kwambiri ndipo sunathe kutchuka. Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lactose.

Kuphatikiza pa mkaka, zinthu zina zimapangidwanso, makamaka tchizi, yogati, tchizi chanyumba, batala. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mkaka wamba.

Amamwa moyenera, chimphika, mafuta ophikira amawaphika, ndikuwonjeza makeke.

Pophika, Whey amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri HTTP: //poleznoevrednoe.ru/pitanie/molochnie-produkti/molochnaya-syvorotka-polza-ili-vred-dozy-priema/#i-12

Kuchokera ngati mkaka wopanda lactose ndi wofunika, palibe mafunso omwe amakhala. Komabe, ndikofunikanso kuganizira kuchuluka kwa momwe amamwekera kuti athe kupeza chofunikira kwambiri kuchokera pamenepo.

Zimatengera zaka:

• Mpaka chaka chimodzi, mankhwalawo amayenera kusiyidwa kwathunthu; ngati mukukana kuyamwitsa, ndikofunikira kuti muzisankha zosakaniza,
• Zaka 1-3 - sipangakhale magalasi awiri okha omwe angaledzere patsiku,
• Zaka 3 mpaka 13 - mwina kugwiritsa ntchito malire,
• Wazaka 13-25 - ndibwino kusinthitsa mkaka ndi mkaka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa michere ya thupi lactase,
• Zaka 25-30 - zosaposa magalasi atatu patsiku,
• 35 356 wazaka - magalasi 2 apamwamba,
• Zoposa zaka 46 - sizikulimbikitsidwa kumwa kwambiri kuposa kapu.

Mwachidule

Ndi kusalolera wa lactose, mkaka wopanda lactose ndi njira ina yabwino kuposa zomwe zimachitika kale. Imasunga zinthu zonse zofunikira, pomwe imangokhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimasokoneza lactose - galactose ndi glucose. Izi zimathandizira kupewa zoyipa zomwe sizingachitike.

Patsamba lamasitolo lero kusankha zinthu ngati izi ndizochepa, komabe, malinga ndi kuwunika kwa makasitomala, mawonekedwe ake ndiabwino kwambiri. Mkaka wopanda mbuzi wa lactose ndi wovuta kupeza, koma ng'ombe imapezeka m'masitolo ambiri. Sungani mufiriji.

Moyo wa alumali amatha kuyambira masiku 8 mpaka miyezi ingapo.

Lactose (shuga mkaka)

Kubwerera ku Kupanga Kwazinthu

Lactose mfulu ("Lact" imatanthawuza "mkaka", "khale" amatanthauza chakudya), kapena shuga mkaka ndimatayidwe opangidwa ndi galactose ndi zotsalira za shuga, zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri mkaka (kuyambira 2 mpaka 8%) ndipo, motero, mu zinthu zamkaka .

M'mafakitale, lactose imapezeka ndikuwongolera koyenera kwa Whey (imakhala ndi 6.5% zolimba, momwe 4,8% ndi lactose).

Lactose woyenga amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakudya, monga wofalitsa popanga zakudya zapakhomo pazakudya ndi mankhwala (chifukwa cha zinthu zake - kaphatikizidwe, mwachitsanzo), komanso kupanga lactulose, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala pophwanya komanso kupangira phindu Zakudya monga gawo la zopatsa zina zothandizira kupewa komanso kuchiza matenda a dysbiosis.

Udindo wachilengedwe wa lactose ndi wofanana ndi wamafuta onse. Mu lumen yaing'ono yamatumbo motsogoleredwa ndi enzyme lactase, imapatsidwa mphamvu ya glucose ndi galactose, yomwe imatha. Kuphatikiza apo, lactose imathandizira kuyamwa kwa kashiamu ndipo ndi gawo laling'ono lakapangidwira lactobacilli, omwe amapanga maziko abwinobwino m'mimba.

Kuperewera kwa lactase (hypolactasia) ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chotsatsira ana

Mavuto akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi lactose amakhudzana ndi kuchepa kwa enactme lactase. Pamene enzyme ilibe ntchito, kapena kuchuluka komwe kumatsitsidwa ndi khoma lamatumbo sikokwanira, lactose samatulutsa hydrolyze ndipo, motero, samamwa.

Zotsatira zake, pamabuka mavuto awiri. Choyamba, lactose, monga mafuta onse, amakhala othandiza kwambiri ndipo amathandizira kuti madzi azisungidwa m'matumbo, komwe kumatha kutsegula m'mimba.

Kachiwiri, kwambiri, lactose imatengedwa ndi microflora yamatumbo ang'ono ndikumasulidwa kwa ma metabolites osiyanasiyana omwe amatsogolera poyizoni wa thupi, matenda onse am'mimba, flatulence, ndi zina zambiri.

Zotsatira zake, kusalolerana chakudya kumakula, komwe sikutchedwa kwenikweni lactose ziwengo. Chifukwa chake dermatitis ya atopic, ndi zizindikiro zina za tsankho.

Koma izi ndizokhazo zachiwiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lizipsa mphamvu (mafuta ochulukirapo, hydrogen, lactic acid, methane, carbonic anhydrite), popeza kuti lactose wosasinthika umakhala gawo logulitsa microflora.

Kuperewera kwa lactase (hypolactasia), komwe kumayambitsa mkaka kulephera, ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu ambiri okalamba. Uku ndi kuyankha kwabwino kwamthupi, komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa mkaka mu chakudya. Komabe, vuto lomwelo limawonedwa mwa ana. Pankhaniyi, makamaka mwa akhanda, zimatsimikiziridwa kuti zimasinthidwa.

Zinawonetsedwa kuti tsankho lactose mu makanda ndi cholowa. Palibe nzeru pankhaniyi kunena kuti munthu aliyense "kuvulaza mkaka ndi shuga mkaka kwatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro za kusalolera kwa ana ndi akulu".

Lactose imayambitsa tsankho mwa ena, ndipo kwa iwo omwe alibe lactase akusowa, lactose siyingavulaze.

Mwa ana ambiri, lactose imatengedwa kuyambira kubadwa, koma kusalolera kwake kumachitika pakatha chaka.

Izi ndichifukwa choti kupanga kwa lactase enzyme kumachepa ndi zaka ukamayamba kuchoka poyamwitsa ndikuyamba kudya zakudya zazikulu, popeza zasintha kotero kuti ana oyambira amoyo sanalandire mkaka, chifukwa chake, samayamwa mwanjira iliyonse kupatula bere la amayi pazaka zoyenera.

Kupanga lactase yayitali kwambiri kuyambira ali wakhanda ndi chinthu chachilengedwe chopezeka kuchokera kumayiko omwe akhala akudziwa bwino zaulimi. Kupeza kumeneku ngati kusintha kwa masinthidwe (β-galactosidase gene) kunayambika kumpoto kwa Europe pafupifupi zaka 7000-9000 zapitazo ndipo mwina ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zidapangitsa kupita patsogolo kwa anthu am'derali.

Kuchulukana kwa lactose kwa ana akhanda ndi ana okalamba ndi mtundu wamtundu wina ndipo ndizochepa kwambiri kwa azungu kuposa ku Mongoloids ndi Negroids. Osayang'ana mkaka wa ng'ombe ku Thailand kapena ku Angola: sikugulitsidwa kumeneko, pokhapokha ngati ndizosowa kwa azungu, ndipo anthu achilengedwe ndi 99% osalolera malonda chifukwa cha hypolactase.

Zakudya zopanda lactose ngati njira yothandizira kusalolera kwa lactose mwa ana ndi akulu

Lactase akusowa mankhwala Mulinso kupatula pa zakudya zomwe zili ndi kuchuluka kwa lactose, kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa lactase enzyme mu mawonekedwe a mankhwala kapena zakudya zamagulu nthawi yomweyo ndi chakudya.

Popeza mkaka uli ndi zinthu zambiri zopindulitsa (ma amino acid, calcium, ndi zinthu zina), kupatula mkaka muzakudya sikulimbikitsidwa. Chifukwa chake, mkaka wopanda lactose ndi zinthu zina zopanda lactose zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, zomwe lactose zomwe zimachepetsedwa.

Njira imodzi yochepetsera zinthu za lactose mu zinthu zamkaka ndikuwonjezera ma enzyme lactase (? -Galactosidase), chifukwa chomwe lactose imagawika mu glucose ndi galactose kale mu malonda omwe.

Mwanjira ina, ndizotheka kumeza mankhwala omwe ali ndi lactase (lactase, tilactase, lactide), nthawi imodzi ndi mkaka.

Njira ina yotsitsira zakudya za lactose ndikugwiritsa ntchito mabakiteriya a lactic acid.

Mu zopangidwa zamkaka zopatsa mphamvu, monga kefir, yogati, kirimu wowawasa, ndipo makamaka tchizi cha kanyumba, zinthu za lactose zimachepetsedwa, chifukwa mabakiteriya amawononga chakudya ichi mkaka ukakola, ndikuphatikiza apo, popanga tchizi ndi tchizi chanyumba, gawo lactose limachotsedwa ndikumakanikizira Whey.

Chifukwa chake, odwala omwe ali ndi hypolactasia yolimbitsa thupi amatha kudya zopatsa mkaka, pomwe ali ndi matenda oopsa, ngakhale zakudya zamtengo wapatali monga tchizi cha kanyumba siziyenera kuyikidwa pambali.

Kubwerera ku Kupanga Kwazinthu

Kodi pali lactose m'madzi opaka mkaka ndi mkaka?

Nthawi zambiri mumatha kukumana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kutulutsa, kutsegula m'mimba. Kuti mudziwe chifukwa chake mavutowa amabwera ndizovuta. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimatha kukhala osalolera wa lactose.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, oposa 35% yaanthu achikulire, ndipo tikalingalira China, ndiye kuti 85%, singathe kudya mkaka wonse. Atamwa kapu, amayamba kumva kuwawa. Kodi vuto ndi chiyani?

Chinsinsi chonse chagona mu lactose. Munthu wathanzi amatha kugaya chinthuchi chifukwa cha michere yapadera yopangidwa ndi chimbudzi cha anthu. Anthu omwe thupi lawo limalephera kugaya lactose achepetsa kupanga enzyme inayake.

Kutengera izi, lactose, yomwe imalowa m'mimba, siyimata. Izi zimadzetsa kudzimbidwa ndi kugunda kwam'mphuno. Mkaka wa Cow umakhala ndi shuga 6 mkaka. Kuchuluka kwa shuga mkaka kotereku kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto.

Mkaka ndizopangidwa mwachilengedwe ndipo zimakhala ndi zambiri zamavitamini.

Mulinso zinthu izi:

Nanga bwanji za 35% ya anthu omwe sangamwe mkaka, anthu otere amatha kumwa kefir?

Kefir ndi mkaka wosasa wopezeka ndi mphamvu yampweya wa yogwira mamolekyulu. Chofunikira chachikulu chomwe chimatenga gawo mu kupsa ndi kefir bowa, gulu lachifanizo cha yisiti ndi mabakiteriya.

Chifukwa cha kutembenuka kwa shuga mkaka, lactic acid imapangidwa.

M'mabizinesi, kupesa kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi mabakiteriya amkaka wowaka, omwe amathanso kugulitsidwa m'sitolo yaying'ono, kwa yoghurts zopangidwa kunyumba.

Mkaka wophika wopanda pake ndi mkaka wopaka womwe umapezeka wofanana ndi kefir, osati kuchokera mkaka wonse, koma kuchokera mkaka wophika. Kunyumba, mutha kuwaphikiranso. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mkaka wophika ndi kuwonjezera mkate, kuti pang'onopang'ono mukhoze.

Poyesa tsankho la lactose, ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso osavuta. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kuti musamwe mafuta omwe ali ndi shuga mkaka kwa masabata awiri.

Ngati izi zitatha, zizindikiro za kusowa kwazinthu zachepa kapena zachotsedwa, muyenera kuganizira zaumoyo wanu ndikupita kukaonana ndi dokotala. Pali chakudya chowonjezera chomwe chimakhala ndi gramu imodzi ya mkaka wa shuga wa mkaka patsiku.

Magalamu 9 a shuga a mkaka amaloledwa ndi zakudya zosakwanira za lactose.

Zofunikira zazikulu za lactose

Lactose ndi shuga mkaka. M'matumbo ang'onoang'ono pogwiritsa ntchito enzyme, chinthu ichi chimapatsidwa madzi a galactose ndi glucose womwe umalowa m'magazi. Chifukwa cha lactose, calcium imayamwa mwachangu, kuchuluka kwa lactobacilli yopindulitsa, yomwe ndi gawo lalikulu la microflora yamatumbo, imasungidwa pamlingo woyenera.

Chifukwa chiyani anthu akuvutika ndi lactose tsankho?

Mavuto onse amakhudzana ndi zomwe zili ndi enactme lactase. Ngati enzyme yobisika singagwire mokwanira, ma lactose sangatulutsidwe, motero, samatengedwa ndi matumbo. Izi zimathandizira kukulitsa mavuto azaumoyo.

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, lactose ndi shuga wamkaka ndipo imatha kukoka madzi m'matumbo. Zinthu zoterezi zimapangira ku m'mimba. Vuto lachiwiri ndilakuti lactose imayamwa ndi microflora yamatumbo ndipo imatha kubisa ma metabolites osiyanasiyana.

Izi zimatha kuyambitsa poizoni. Zotsatira zake, kusalolera kwa chakudya kumakula m'thupi. Nthawi zina kudziwitsa anthu molakwika kumatchedwa lactose ziwengo.

Kuchita motere kwa zinthu kumawonedwa ngati kwachiwiri, chifukwa lactose, yomwe sinathe kuyamwa, idakhala chifukwa chopanga microflora yovunda.

Kodi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?

Kusagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a mkaka nthawi zambiri kumachitika mwa anthu okalamba, nthawi zina vutoli limatha kukhanda.

Nthawi zina, vutoli limayamba chifukwa cha majini. Izi zatsimikiziridwa ndi akatswiri asayansi.

Kusalolera mkaka kumachitika mwa anthu ena okha. Anthu omwe alibe kuchepa kwa lactose amatha kudya zinthu zamkaka popanda zotsatira zake.

Mndandandawu udza kudziwa kuchuluka kwa lactose pa 100 magalamu a mankhwala:

1. margarine - 0,1,
2. batala - 0,6,
3. kefir wa pafupifupi mafuta - 5,
4. mkaka wopindika - 10,
5. lactose mu kanyumba tchizi - 3,6,
6. pudding - 4.5,
7. wowawasa zonona - 2,5,
8. tchizi chamafuta ochepa - 3,2,
9. mchere wopindika - 3,
10. tchizi yopanda mafuta kanyumba - 2.6,
11. tchizi mbuzi - 2,9,
12. Tchizi cha Adyghe - 3,2,
13. yogurt wowawasa - 3,6.

Lactose ndi disaccharide, imaphatikizapo:

Lactose ya mafakitale imapangidwa ndikukonzanso Whey.

Lactose amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakudya pakupanga zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo lina la kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osiyanasiyana komanso zowonjezera pazakudya.

Kudya zakudya zamtundu wa lactose

Ndikosavuta kuchotsa mkaka wonse kuchokera menyu yanu mukamayamwa lactose. Izi ndichifukwa choti mkaka ndi magwero a calcium omwe amafunikira kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino.

Muzochitika zoterezi, timalimbikitsidwa kuchotsa mkaka muzakudya ndikuyambitsa mkaka wazopatsa mkaka.

Pazinthu zoterezi, kuchuluka kwa shuga mkaka kumakhala kotsika kwambiri chifukwa mabakiteriya amkaka amaphwanya chakudya.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muonjezere ku zakudya zomwe sizikhala ndi lactose, komanso zomwe zimakhala ndi mabakiteriya achilengedwe.

Malonda monga awa:

Zakudya izi zimatha kudyedwa tsiku lililonse.

Mkaka, koko ku mkaka, kirimu, ma maziwa osiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zofunika kutayidwa.

Kubwezeretsanso calcium m'matumbo anu pakakhala kuti palibe mkaka kwa mkaka ndi mkaka wowawasa, timalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito:

Ngati simukugaya lactic acid, muyenera kusamala panthawi yogula zinthu zosiyanasiyana, muyenera kuyang'anira nthawi zonse. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito ngati mankhwala agula.

Pakachitika kuti shuga mkaka ulowe m'matumbo, nthawi zonse mumatha kumwa mapiritsi okhala ndi lactase, omwe angagulidwe ku pharmacy iliyonse.

Ngati mutsatira zakudya zochepetsa thupi, muyeneranso kupatula mankhwala okhala ndi lactose pazakudya.

Lactose akusowa

Matendawa afala kwambiri.

Zodziwika bwino pakati pa anthu aku America. Ku Russia ndi mayiko a kumpoto kwa Europe, zachipatala ndizofala kwambiri.

Kukula kwa matendawa kumatha kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu zingapo.

Zotsatirazi zikuthandizira kuchepa kwa kupanga lactase:

1. matenda osiyanasiyana
2. matumbo
3. Matenda a Crohn
4. opaleshoni kuchitapo kanthu.

Zizindikiro zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapezeka ndi vuto lofananalo:

• nseru
• kutsegula m'mimba
• m'mimba kukokana
• kupweteka m'mimba.

Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuyesedwa ndi lactose ndikuwunika mayeso angapo omwe angafotokozere zomwe zikuchitika.

Kupenda koteroko kuli motere:

1. Kusanthula kwamaganizidwe. Kusanthula uku kukuthandizira kukhazikitsa tsankho la mkaka. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adziwe matenda a ana akhanda kapena ana okulirapo.
2. Kuyesa kwa kupuma Muyenera kumwa kapu imodzi yamadzi yomwe imakhala ndi lactose. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kuchita mayeso apadera. Zotsatira zomwe zimatsimikiza ngati thupi limamwa lactose kapena ayi.

Ngati ndizosatheka kukana mankhwala amkaka ndikudya kefir, pali njira inanso yothanirana ndi vutoli. Muyenera kumwa encyme ya lactase nthawi iliyonse mukamagwiritsa ntchito mkaka, kapena zinthu zamkaka.

Mutha kusintha mkaka wokhazikika kuti ukhale wopanda lactose.

Lactose sangathe kukhalapo mu zakudya zopanda mkaka zokha.

Pofuna kupewa kulowa kwa chinthuchi mthupi, zotsatirazi ziyenera kutayidwa:

• tchipisi kapena mbatata
• margarine
• mavalidwe a salon ofotokoza mayonesi,
• ma cocktails omwe ali ndi ufa wa mkaka,
• nyama yankhumba, nyama, masoseji,
• mbatata yosenda mu mawonekedwe osakaniza owuma,
• sopo msuzi
• waffles, donuts, makapu.

Popewa mavuto osiyanasiyana azakudya, mukamagula, muyenera kuyang'ana momwe malonda ake amapangira.

Zothandiza ndi zovulaza za kefir zimakambidwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.

Sonyezani shuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda kuti muyimikize.

Lactose tsankho. Kodi zinthu zonse zamkaka ndizoletsedwa?

Zoyenera kuchita kwa iwo omwe saloledwa mkaka ndi mkaka chifukwa cha tsankho lactose, koma makamaka ngati yoghurts ndipo makamaka mkaka wonse?

Mayankho Konstantin Spakhov, gastroenterologist, woyimira masayansi azachipatala:

- Vuto lomwe limadza chifukwa chosowa enzyme ya lactase yomwe imagaya shuga mkaka (lactose) ndilofala kwambiri! Chonde dziwani kuti mayina a enzyme ndi shuga mkaka amasiyana ndi chilembo chimodzi chokha. Osasokoneza iwo mukamawerenga mopitirira.

Pafupifupi 30% ya anthu aku Russia amakhala ndi vuto la kuchepa lactase. Ena a iwo, atamwa mkaka pang'ono, amakumana ndi mavuto. Vutoli limayamba (kupangika kwamagesi kwambiri m'matumbo, kuwira), ndipo zonsezi nthawi zambiri zimatha ndi m'mimba (m'mimba).

Cholinga chake ndi lactose: shuga, kudutsa m'mimba m'mimba osatulutsidwa, amayamba kupsa m'matumbo akulu. Koma izi zimachitika ndi vuto lalikulu la enzyme.

Ena amathanso kumwa mkaka, ndipo zinthu zonsezi zimakhala zochepa pamawonekedwe awo - samaphatikizira nthawi zonse zovuta zamkaka zawo ndi mkaka.

Komabe, mumakana zonse zopanda mkaka pachabe. Amapangidwa mwadongosolo kotero kuti mulibe lactose ochepa kuposa mkaka womwe, ndipo mwa ena mulibe, ndipo amatha kutchedwa kuti lactose-free.

Mwachitsanzo,, chifukwa cha zopondera, kutulutsa kwanyumba zochokera kumayiko ambiri aku Europe kunali koletsedwa ku Russia, opanga ambiri "adamanganso" ndikuyamba kupereka tchizi zopanda lactose ku Russia. Popeza ku Russia zinthu zamkaka zopanda lactose sizinapangidwe konse, zotengera zawo zinali zololeka.

Chodabwitsa ndichakuti othandizira amangosintha chizindikiro cha tchizi, kuwonetsa kuti mawu amatsenga akuti "Lactose-free" pamenepo. M'malo mwake, pafupifupi tchizi zonse zilibe lactose, ndipo mutha kuzidya popanda mavuto.

Zachilengedwe adazikonza kotero kuti pamene mkaka wowawasa wowawasa, tchizi chokoleti ndi tchizi zimapangidwa kuchokera mkaka, kuchuluka kwa lactose mwa iwo kumatsika. Mkaka ukakola, lactobacilli amawononga shuga mkaka ndipo kuchuluka kwake kumacheperachepera.

Pomwe tchizi tchizi chimapangidwa, mkaka wokhathamira, womwe umasandulika curd, umakakamizidwa kumadzi - ndipo ndi zotsalira za mkaka wa shuga kupita. Tchire lanyumba litakhazikika mu tchizi, lactose imayamba kuchepera.

Kotero ngakhale kwa iwo omwe sangathe kudya mankhwala a lactic acid - izi zimachitika ndi kuperewera kwa lactase - tchizi ndi tchizi sizimapangitsa.

Zomwe zimapezeka mumkaka wamkaka (% ya zofunika tsiku lililonse)

Zinthu zopindulitsa

• Calcium - 25%
• Vitamini B2 - 22%
• Vitamini D - 21%
• Phosphorous - 18%
• Vitamini B12 - 15%
• Mapuloteni - 13.5%
• Selenium - 11%
• Potaziyamu - 10%

Zinthu zopanda pake

• Mafuta amkaka * - 6.4-8 g
• Lactose - pafupifupi 10 g (shuga mkaka) **

* Amakangana zothandiza kapena kuvulaza kwamafuta amkaka, koma pakadali pano sizimawonedwabe ngati zosathandiza, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi mafuta (olimba) amafuta.

** Popeza mkaka sukutidwa, ambiri sazindikira kuti umakhala ndi shuga. M'malo mwake, lactose ilibe kukoma kokoma kowoneka bwino, koma imakhala ndi zovuta zina zopanda shuga. Mu kapu imodzi, pafupifupi supuni ziwiri za shuga mkaka.

Curd ndiye chinthu chabwino kwambiri

Sikuti pafupifupi mkaka wonse wamkaka wotayika pakupanga kanyumba tchizi, umaganizira kuchuluka kwamapuloteni apamwamba kwambiri amkaka - chinthu chofunikira kwambiri cha chakudya chathu. Pali mapuloteni ambiri mu tchizi chokoleti kuposa chilichonse chomwe mungamwe mkaka wowonjezera mkaka. Nthawi yomweyo, ilinso ndi lactobacilli yopindulitsa.

Tchizi tchizi ndizokhutiritsa komanso zimathandiza kumanga minofu. Kuti mukhale ndi mapuloteni ochulukirapo monga momwe amapezeka mu 100% yokha ya kanyumba tchizi, muyenera kumwa mkaka wa 600 ml. Koma ndi ichi mudzapeza mafuta ochulukitsa kawiri kuphatikiza supuni 6 za shuga mkaka.

Pali ochepa mwaiwo kuposa yogati kapena mkaka wina wowawasa, koma sayenera kuchotsedwera. Koma kashiamu wothandiza kwambiri mu tchizi tchizi ndizowonjezera nthawi 1.5 kuposa iwo kapena mkaka, ndi phosphorous - nthawi pafupifupi 2.5.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali ma phospholipids ambiri mu tchizi choko. Zinthu izi ndizofunikira kwa thupi - zimalepheretsa zotsatira zoyipa za cholesterol.

Peter Obraztsov, Woyankha wa Chemical Sayansi:

- Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti zonona sizimapanga mkaka wamakono, ndipo zikawiritsa, sizimawumba chifukwa ndi ufa. Izi sizowona konse. Kirimu amapangidwa pamkaka wokha womwe sunakhalepo wotchedwa homogenization.

Mkaka wotere umakhala ndi ma globules amafuta, omwe, opepuka kuposa madzi, amayandama ndikumamatirana - Umu ndi momwe zonona zimapezekera mkaka. Zimangoyenera kuzichotsa. Ndipo mkaka wotere ukawiritsa, ndiye kuti thovu limaphikidwa pamwambapa. Koma sigwira ntchito limodzi ndi mkaka amakono chifukwa amatulutsidwa.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti mukangoyamwa mkaka ng'ombe zimamenyedwa makamaka kuti ziwononge mafuta. Zotsatira zake, tinthu tating'onoting'ono kwambiri ta mafuta amkaka timapangidwa, omwe samayandama, koma amapanga kuyimitsidwa - kuyimitsidwa kwamkaka.

Izi zimachitika kuti mkaka sulekanitse (ndiye kuti, sukupanga kirimu), womwe ndi wofunikira pakupanga mafakitale.

Buku la zinthu zamkaka

Zoyamwa mkaka ndizambiri, ndipo pafupifupi zonse zimakhala zathanzi kuposa mkaka. Pali zifukwa zingapo.

Ali ndi ma probiotic - Izi ndi tizilombo tothandiza tomwe timalumikizana ndi microflora yathu m'matumbo. Amamuthandiza kuthana ndi mabakiteriya oyipa ndikupanga mavitamini ndi zinthu zina zopindulitsa. Ma Probiotic amabwera m'mitundu iwiri.

Choyamba ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timadziyamwa tokha mkaka. Amakhalapo nthawi zonse muzinthu zopaka mkaka. Zotsirizirazi zimawonjezeredwa pacholinga, sizitenga nawo mbali popanga zamkaka, koma zimapangitsa kukhala zothandiza kwambiri. Mwanthawi imeneyi, bifidobacteria nthawi zambiri amawonjezeredwa.

Nthawi zambiri, tinthu tating'onoting'ono timene timapatsidwa dzina la zinthu zotere: bio-ether, bio-yogurt, etc.

Nthawi zonse amakhala ndi shuga yochepa mkaka., ponena za zoyipa zomwe mumadziwa kale.

Ndiosavuta kugaya kuposa mkaka.. Izi zikuwoneka ngati zododometsa chifukwa ndikudziwika bwino kuti zakudya zamadzimadzi zimapakidwa bwino. Izi ndi zolondola, koma mkaka, zonse ndizosiyana.

M'malo achilengedwe am'mimba, mapuloteni amkaka amapanga mwachangu komanso kukhala ovuta. Komanso, nthawi zambiri imakhala yayikulupo - simungathe kumeza lonse popanda kutafuna.

Zotsatira zake, m'mimba ndi matumbo ziyenera kugwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali, kudula protein. Chifukwa chake, mkaka ndi imodzi mwazovuta kwambiri kugaya zinthu.