Asayansi aphunzira kusintha khofi kukhala mankhwala ochizira matenda ashuga

Asayansi ochokera ku Switzerland anayesa sayansi pa mbewa. M'mbuyomu, akatswiri adazindikira kunenepa kwambiri ndikulemba mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga mu makoswe. Pa mbewa, akatswiri adayesa zovuta za mapuloteni oyambitsa, omwe adayamba kulimbana ndi matenda a shuga ndi khofi. Pa kafukufukuyu, asayansi adapereka khofi ku makoswe kwa milungu iwiri. Zinapezeka kuti kudya zakumwa za caffeine mu mbewa kunachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, m'makoko oyesera pazoyeserera zasayansi, kulemera kunabweranso kwazonse.

Asayansi aku Switzerland akuyembekeza kuti zotsatira za kafukufuku wawo zithandizira odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osachiritsika. Chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga shuga ndi kuperewera kwa kapamba ka insulin. Insulin ndi mahomoni omwe amawongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Akatswiri amati ndikamadwala matenda ashuga kwambiri, munthu amatha kukhala wakhungu. Komanso, ndimatenda awa, ziwiya zonse zamthupi zimakhudzidwa. Impso zimalephera, kukula kwa minofu kumalephera. Kuphatikiza apo, ndimatenda akulu a shuga, miyendo imakhudzidwa ndipo khungu limayamba. Zinthu zitafika povuta kwambiri, miyendo imadulidwa.

Chiwerengero cha odwala matenda ashuga ku Russia chikukulirakulira chaka chilichonse, ngakhale akulimbikitsidwa kwa moyo wathanzi komanso mapulogalamu othandizira matenda oopsa. Nutritionist Veronika Denisikova adauza anthu 360 momwe angapewerere matenda oopsa popanda kuyeserera.

Asayansi aphunzira kusintha khofi kukhala mankhwala ochizira matenda ashuga

Ma bioengineo aku Switzerland aganiza momwe amapezera khofi wambiri kuti muchepetse shuga. Adapitilira chifukwa choti mankhwalawa ayenera kukhala okwera mtengo, ndipo pafupifupi aliyense amamwa khofi.

Bungwe lapadziko lonse la sayansi la portal NatureCommunication linafalitsa zomwe zapezeka, zomwe akatswiri amapanga kuchokera kusukulu yapamwamba yaukadaulo yaku Swiss ku Zurich. Adatha kupanga mapuloteni opanga omwe amayamba kugwira ntchito motsogozedwa ndi khofi wamba. Akayatsidwa, amachititsa kuti thupi lipange glue-glucagon, chinthu chomwe chimachepetsa shuga. Kapangidwe kamapuloteni awa, omwe amatchedwa C-STAR, amawaikiratu mthupi mwa ma cellcapsule, omwe amayamba pomwe caffeine ilowa mthupi. Pamenepa, kuchuluka kwa tiyi wa khofi yemwe amapezeka m'magazi a munthu ndikumwa khofi, tiyi kapena chakumwa champhamvu ndikwanira.

Pakadali pano, opaleshoni yamakina a C-STAR ayesedwa kokha pa mbewa yokhala ndi matenda a shuga a 2, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri komanso kusokonekera kwa insulin. Anawakhomera ndi ma protein pang'ono, okhala ndi mapuloteni, ndipo pambuyo pake amamwa khofi wamphamvu kwambiri m'chipinda komanso zakumwa zina za caffeine. Pazidziwitso, tinatenga zogulitsa zamasiku onse kuchokera ku RedBull, Coca-Cola ndi StarBucks. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mu mbewa zabwereranso mwakale mkati mwa masabata awiri ndipo kulemera kunachepa.

Posachedwa, kwadziwika kuti caffeine yambiri imasokoneza chidwi chathu cha thupi ndikupanga insulini ndipo zimapangitsa kuti minye yake isakhale yachilendo. Koma pamaso pa microimplants mu nyama, izi sizinawoneke.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amafunika jakisoni wa insulin pafupipafupi. Umu ndi njira yosasangalatsa, ndipo asayansi akuyesera kuti atenge zina mwa izo. Ofufuza a ku Switzerland abwera ndi yankho: chofunikira kuphatikizika chomwe chimapangitsa kupangika kwa insulin poyankha kumwa kofi wamphamvu.

Lingaliro la "mafakitale a insulin" omwe ali odziwika bwino ndi lotchuka kwambiri pakati pa akatswiri a matenda ashuga. Chilichonse chofunikiracho ndi kapisozi kamene kamakhala ndi maselo osinthika mamiliyoni ambiri omwe amapanga insulini m'magazi kapena kusinthitsa kapangidwe kake kapamba. Chipolopolocho chimateteza zomwe zili m'matupi a chitetezo cha mthupi, koma chimalola kuti mankhwala adutsemo.

Koma ndi chiyani chomwe chingakhale ngati "mbedza yoyambira", kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito insulant? Malinga ndi asayansi ochokera ku Swiss Higher Technical School of Zurich, kapu yosavuta ya khofi.

Adapanga maselo amunthu osinthika omwe amazindikira kuchuluka kwa khofi m'magazi. Ngati ndi yayitali, khungu limayamba kutulutsa mpweya wonga gluc-peptide-1 (GLP-1), timadzi tomwe timapangitsa kuti insulini ipange.

Ngati maselo awa amaikidwa ndikulowetsedwa ndikulowetsedwa pakhungu, wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amatha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'mbale ndi kapu ya khofi, tiyi kapena chakumwa chilichonse chokhala ndi khofi. Mwa kusintha mphamvu ya chakumwa, mutha kukwanitsa magawo ambiri kapena ochepera a GLP-1. Kuyesa pa mbewa kwatsimikizira kale ukadaulo, atero a Guardian.

Kukula komaliza kwa chipangizocho komanso mayesero ake azachipatala atenga zaka khumi. Komabe, asayansi akukhulupirira kuti kupezeka kwawo kudzasintha moyo wa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Pafupifupi anthu onse amamwa tiyi kapena khofi, motero zitheke kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi popanda kusiya zochitika wamba.

Pafupifupi 1 biliyoni makapu a khofi omwe amamwa tsiku lililonse padziko lapansi, koma pakadali pano palibe amene amadziwa kuti ndi khofi wina uti amene ali wokwanira. Ofufuzawo aku America apanga algorithm yomwe imayankha funso ili. Kutengera ndi kuchuluka kwa kugona, kumapereka mwayi kwa wosuta khofi.

Asayansi aku Swiss ochokera ku University of Zurich ndi Basel, komanso ofufuza aku France ochokera ku University of Technology awona kuti caffeine itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ashuga.

Nkhani yokhala ndi zotsatira za kafukufukuyo idasindikizidwa mu magazini yotchedwa Nature Communication.

Asayansi monga gawo la ntchito yawo yasayansi apanga maselo omwe amatha kubisa insulin chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito khofiine m'thupi. Monga momwe kuyeserera pa mbewa, kukhazikitsidwa kwa maselo otere kumathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Ofufuzawo adalongosola kuti adalumikiza ma antibodies aCaffVHH ndi madilesi osiyanasiyana amkati mwa intracellular, ndipo ma receptor opangira omwe amatchedwa C-STAR adapangidwa. Ndi omwe adathandizira pa nkhani ya kugwiritsa ntchito tiyi wa khofi kuti apititse patsogolo ntchito za jini la protein ya SEAP.

Malinga ndi zotsatira za kuyesa komwe kunachitika pa mbewa, kunapezeka kuti makoswe omwe amadya kafefi anawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

M'mbuyomu mu Juni, asayansi ku Yunivesite ya Heinrich Heine ku Düsseldorf adazindikira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito khofi nthawi zonse kumateteza maselo amtima wamagetsi kuti asawonongeke.

Bioengineers asintha khofi kukhala mankhwala ochizira matenda ashuga

Bioengineers apanga mapuloteni omwe adalowetsedwa m'maselo ndi caffeine.

Kuti muyambe kupanga zolembera zopangidwa ndi "kuyatsa" mawonekedwe a majini omwe amayendetsedwa ndi iye, kumwa tiyi wochepa wa khofi umafunika, womwe umapezeka mu khofi, tiyi ndi zakumwa zamphamvu, malinga ndi buku la NatureCommunication.

Asayansi pakuyesera mtundu wa mbewa za matenda ashuga 2 anapeza kuti kumwa khofi kumatsitsa shuga m'mipweya yokhala ndi maselo okhala ndi ma cell omwe amapanga mahomoni opanga pamaso pa khofi.

Asayansi: Kupanikizika kwalumikizira chitsulo ndi okosijeni ndi helium pakati pa Dziko lapansi

Asayansi ochokera ku Zurich University of Technology aphunzira momwe angagwiritsire ntchito tiyi kapena khofi kuti apange mankhwala a shuga kwa wodwala. Akatswiri apanga mapuloteni othandizira khofi. Kapangidwe kabungwe ka activator kamene kamakhala mu CD ka maselo kamene kamatha kuyikidwa mu kapamba.

Asayansi: Ana asiya kukhulupirira Santa Claus pofika zaka zisanu ndi zitatu mpaka zisanu ndi zinayi

Kapangidwe kamene asayansi amatchedwa C-STAR. Makoswe anajambulidwa ndi ma cellcapsule okhala ndi ma cell omwe ali ndi dongosolo lino. Kenako kwa milungu iwiri nyamazo zidapatsidwa khofi. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kunasinthidwa makoswe ndipo kulemera kwake kunachepa.

Chithunzi: Daniel Bojar et al / Natural Communications 2018

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Asayansi aku Swiss ochokera ku University of Zurich ndi Basel, komanso ofufuza aku France ochokera ku University of Technology awona kuti caffeine itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ashuga.

Nkhani yokhala ndi zotsatira za kafukufukuyo idasindikizidwa mu magazini yotchedwa Nature Communication.

Asayansi monga gawo la ntchito yawo yasayansi apanga maselo omwe amatha kubisa insulin chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito khofiine m'thupi. Monga momwe kuyeserera pa mbewa, kukhazikitsidwa kwa maselo otere kumathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, alemba iz.ru.

Ofufuzawo adalongosola kuti adalumikiza ma antibodies aCaffVHH ndi madilesi osiyanasiyana amkati mwa intracellular, ndipo ma receptor opangira omwe amatchedwa C-STAR adapangidwa. Ndi omwe adathandizira pa nkhani ya kugwiritsa ntchito tiyi wa khofi kuti apititse patsogolo ntchito za jini la protein ya SEAP.

Malinga ndi zotsatira za kuyesa komwe kunachitika pa mbewa, kunapezeka kuti makoswe omwe amadya kafefi anawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

M'mbuyomu mu Juni, asayansi ku Yunivesite ya Heinrich Heine ku Düsseldorf adazindikira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito khofi nthawi zonse kumateteza maselo amtima wamagetsi kuti asawonongeke.

Othandizira kupanga mankhwala amapanga khofi kukhala mankhwala a shuga

Bioengineers apanga mapuloteni - ma transcriptal transcriptal registry omwe amathandizidwa ndi caffeine m'maselo. Kuphatikiza kwakukuru kwakumaso kwa tiyi kapena khofi womwe amapezeka mu khofi, tiyi, ndi zakumwa zamagetsi ndikokwanira "kuyatsa" mapuloteni otero ndikuyambitsa mawonekedwe amtundu wolamulidwa ndi iwo. Ntchito yamaofesi owongolera khofi amayesedwa pochita mitundu ya mbewa yokhala ndi matenda a shuga a 2. Kumwa khofi kunayambitsa kutsika kwa glucose mu mbewa zokhala ndi matenda ashuga komanso maselo obwezeretsedwa akuwonetsa mahomoni opanga pamaso pa khofi. Nkhani yofalitsidwa mu ZachilengedweKuyankhulana.

Caffeine imadyedwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa chake asayansi amawona chinthu ichi ngati mankhwala otsika mtengo komanso osakhala poizoni omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pazithandizo zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, asayansi ochokera ku Swiss Higher Technical School of Zurich ati akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito tiyi kapena khofi kuti apange mankhwala a shuga kwa wodwala. Pazomwezi, asayansi apanga mapuloteni othandizira omwe amayankha kaphfeine ndipo ali ndi magawo angapo othandiza. Mtundu womwe umakhazikitsa activator umalowa mu DNA yama cell omwe amatha kuyikiridwa ndi kapamba.

Receor la caffeine mdziko lino ndi mankhwala opangidwa amodzi amodzi omwe amasiyana ndi mamolekyu omwewo (amachepetsa) poyankha khofi yomwe imamangidwa pamakina a micromolar. Mwachitsanzo, m'maganizo mwake, pomwe khofi wina amapezeka m'magazi a munthu atatha kumwa zakumwa zake.

Mtundu woyamba wamakina opangira omwe anali ndi caffeine-binding, omwe amamangirira DNA komanso ma transactivation ndipo adayankha ma micromoles a 100 a caffeine woyenera. Kenako ofufuzawo "adasoka" mankhwala oletsa tiyi kapena khofi kuti apange mapuloteni omwe amayambitsa imodzi mwa ma CD omwe amatumiza ma cellular omwe amachititsa kuti ayambe kulemba nthawi yomweyo ndikusintha ma signature angapo. Pankhaniyi, kachitidweko adachita kale pambiri ya ma protein pafupifupi 1 mpaka 0,01 a tiyi kapena khofi. Mtundu womaliza wa dongosololi umatchedwa C-STAR (olamulira otsekemera a caffeine).

Chiwembu cha wochita kupanga tiyi wa khofi. Kafeini wozindikira khofi (aCaffVHH) amawonekera pamaso pa caffeine ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyambitsa mwachindunji zolemba kapena kukwezedwa kwa chizindikirocho

Daniel Bojar et al / Natural Communications 2018

Asayansi aku Swiss ochokera ku University of Zurich ndi Basel, komanso ofufuza aku France ochokera ku University of Technology awona kuti caffeine itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ashuga.

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Madotolo ochokera ku Canada apereka umboni wambiri pothana ndi vuto loti njala yomwe imagwidwa nthawi ndi nthawi imathandizira kuchotsa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 ndikuthandizira magwiridwe antchito a insulin.

Zotsatira zawo zidafotokozedwa mu Malipoti a BMJ. "Sitinamvepo kuti asing'anga omwe amayesa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo amayesa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothana ndi matenda a shuga.

Kuyesa kwathu, komabe, kukuwonetsa kuti kukana chakudya kwakanthawi kochepa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yofunika yolumikizirana yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wosiya kumwa insulini ndi mankhwala, "a Suleiman Furmli a ku University of Toronto (Canada) ndi ogwira nawo ntchito.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero za WHO, pakadali pano pali odwala 347 miliyoni omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga padziko lapansi, ndipo pafupifupi anthu 9 mwa anthu 10 omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, amayamba chifukwa cha chitetezo chathupi. 80% ya odwala matenda ashuga amakhala kumayiko otsika ndi ochepa.

Pofika chaka cha 2030, matenda ashuga azikhala omwe akutsogolera anthu padziko lonse lapansi kufa. Zaka zitatu zapitazo, akatswiri azachilengedwe aku Britain adazindikira, akuyesa mbewa, kuti kukula kwa matenda ashuga a 2 kumalumikizidwa ndi kunenepa kwambiri ku kapamba ndi chiwindi.

Kuchotsa mafuta onse mu ziwalozi, monga momwe zinafufuzidwira, kunathetseratu zonse zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, kuphatikiza maselo ena onse amthupi omwe "amapezeka" amatenga mamolekyulu a insulin. Pambuyo pake adawonetsa kuti zofananazo zimatheka pogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa "kusala" - chakudya chapadera chomwe chimatsuka kapamba ndi chiwindi kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo adalonjeza kuwonetsa zotsatira za zoyeserazi pa odzipereka.

Furmley ndi mnzake adapereka zitsanzo zitatu momwe "njira" zotere zimathandizira odwala matenda ashuga kuthana ndi matendawa, kuwulula "nkhani zopambana" za odwala atatu omwe amakhala ku Toronto ndipo adabwera kudzawaona.

Posachedwa, monga momwe madokotala amanenera, amuna atatu azaka zapakati pa 40 mpaka 70 omwe anali ndi matenda oopsa a mtundu 2 a shuga anawatembenukira. Onsewa adayenera kumwa insulin, metformin ndi mankhwala ena omwe amachepetsa zizindikiro za matendawa ndikuwongolera moyo wabwino wa odwala. Odwala onse, malinga ndi Furmli, amafuna kuti achotse zizindikiro zotsalira za matenda ashuga, koma sankafuna kuchitidwa opaleshoni ndi njira zina zowonongera.

Pachifukwa ichi, madokotala adawauza kuti achite nawo zoyesazi ndikuyesera kuti athetse matenda ashuga mwachangu. Awiri a iwo adasankhanso njira ina yosasamala, kukana kudya patatha tsiku, ndipo wachitatu yemwe amadwala matenda ashuga adakhala ndi masiku atatu, kenako ndikuyambiranso kudya.

Adatsatira zakudya zofananazi kwa miyezi 10, ndipo asayansi nthawi yonseyi amayang'anira thanzi lawo ndikusintha kwa kagayidwe kake.

Zotsatira zake, njira imodzi ndi imodzi iyi yosala kudya inali yothandiza kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Pakupita pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, adatha kukana kumwa mankhwala a insulin ndi antidiabetes, ndipo kuchuluka kwa insulin ndi glucose m'magazi awo kudatsikira pafupifupi.

Chifukwa cha izi, patatha miyezi yochepa, amuna onse atatu adatha kutaya pafupifupi 10-18%, ndikuchotsa zovuta zonse zomwe zimabweretsa chifukwa cha matenda ashuga.

Monga momwe madotolo amagogomezera, deta yomwe amatenga ndi iwo imangowonetsa kuyesetsa kwa chithandizo chotere, koma sikutsimikizira kuti imagwira ntchito pazochitika zonse. Furmli ndi mnzake akuyembekeza kuti kuchita bwino kwawo kulimbikitsa asayansi ena kuyamba ziyeso zovuta kwambiri za kuchipatala zomwe zimaphatikizapo odzipereka ambiri.

1. 
   Ametov A.S. Granovskaya-Tsvetkova A.M., Kazey N.S. Mellitus wodwala yemwe amadalira insulin: zoyambira za pathogenesis ndi mankhwala. Moscow, Russian Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 1995, masamba 64, kufalitsidwa sikunatchulidwe.
2. 
   "A Akhmanov" Matenda a shuga si chiganizo. Za moyo, tsogolo komanso chiyembekezo cha odwala matenda ashuga. " St. Petersburg, yosindikiza nyumba "Nevsky Prospekt", 2003
3. 
   Zakharov Yu.L., Korsun V.F. Matenda a shuga Moscow, Publishing House of Public Unions "Garnov", 2002, masamba 506, kufalitsa makope 5000.

Ndiloleni ndidziwitse. Dzina langa ndi Elena. Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito ya endocrinologist kwazaka 10. Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakadali pano ndili katswiri pantchito yanga ndipo ndikufuna kuthandiza alendo onse omwe amapezeka pamalowo kuti athetse zovuta osati ntchito. Zinthu zonse za tsambalo amazisonkhanitsa ndikuzikonza mosamala kuti athe kufotokoza zambiri zofunikira. Musanagwiritse ntchito zomwe zikufotokozedwa pa webusaitiyi, kufunsana ndi akatswiri ndizofunikira nthawi zonse.