Mululin wa insulin m'magazi: kuchuluka kwa mahomoni pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kudya

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mudziwe bwino za nkhaniyi pamutuwu: "kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi ndiko kuchuluka kwa mahomoni pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kudya" ndi ndemanga kuchokera kwa akatswiri. Ngati mukufuna kufunsa funso kapena kulemba ndemanga, mutha kuchita izi pansipa, nkhaniyo itatha. Katswiri wathu wamtundu wa endoprinologist adzakuyankhirani.

Insulin ndi mapuloteni okhala ndi mapuloteniomwe amapangidwa ndi maselo apachifinya. Ntchito yake yachilengedwe ndikupanga maselo ndi minyewa yokhala ndi michere, makamaka shuga. Kupanga kwake kumagwirizana mwachindunji pamlingo wa shuga m'magazi, ndipo mu kuperewera kwenikweni kumatha kukhala funso la kukhalapo kwa matenda osokoneza bongo. Kodi insulin ndi chiyani mu magazi, zomwe zimatengera ndi momwe tingafufuzire, tikambirana zinanso.

Shuga kukhazikika kwa insulin ndipo kuyambitsa kugawanika kwake, zoyendera ndi kugaya chakudya, zimafufuzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a labotale.

Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupereka magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha, chifukwa magazi a capillary sakhala olemera mu tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Asanapereke kusanthula, maphunziro apadera adzafunika, omwe amafunika kukana chakudya kwa maola 12-14 asanamwe magazi, mtendere wakuthupi komanso wamalingaliro.

Ngati simugona mokwanira, kupsinjika kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, zomwe zimapezeka zitha kusiyana kwambiri ndi zenizeni.

Kufunika kwa phunziroli kumagwira ntchito ya timadzi timeneti. Popeza glucose amawongolera, kugawa komanso kuwunjikira pamodzi ndi chithandizo chake, chizindikiro cha manambala chimatha kupereka lingaliro la ntchito ya ziwalo ndi machitidwe awa:

• ntchito kapamba,
• chiwindi ntchito
• chiwopsezo cha minofu ya m'thupi ku glucose,
• chakudya kagayidwe kazakudya ndi kagayidwe kachakudya mu thupi lonse.

Oscillation a insulin sangadutse popanda kusiya thupi, kumadziwonetsa mwa mawonekedwe olimba.

Cholinga chakusanthula kugona kosalekeza, kusowa kwamphamvumphwayi ndi kamwa yowuma.

Kuperewera kwa insulin, komwe kumaphatikizapo kukula kwa matenda a shuga 1, kumafunikira kuwunikira ndi kuwazindikira.

Munthu adzafunika kuyambitsa kuyambitsa mahomoni awa mpaka kapamba amabwezeretsedwa.

Anna Ponyaeva. Amaliza maphunziro awo ku Nizhny Novgorod Medical Academy (2007-2014) ndi Residency in Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (2014-2016). Funsani funso >>

Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti insulini yoyendetsera moyo ndiyo njira yokhayo kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuti akhale ndi moyo wonse.

Ndizotheka kuweruza kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa zovuta zamafuta a carbohydrate pokhapokha ngati ma insulin akuyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, omwe amaphunziridwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Gawanani zinthu zinayi zofunikazomwe zimatha kubweretsa zotsatira zabodza:

1. Kudya nthawi yomweyo musanalandire magazi - kaphatikizidwe ka insulini kamodzikamodzi kumawonjezeka chakudya chikamalowa m'thupi. Momwemo, magazi pambuyo pa chakudya cham'mawa chopatsa thanzi azidzaza ndi shuga ndi insulin, yomwe imafuna kusintha kagayidwe kazachilengedwe.
2. Kudya zakudya zamafuta, zotsekemera, zokometsera dzulo lake, komanso zakumwa zoledzeretsa zamphamvu - zikondwerero zamaphwando zimayambitsa kudya kwambiri, zomwe zimaphatikizira chiwindi ndi kapamba, kukakamira ziwalozi kugwira ntchito molakwika.
3. Kupsinjika ndi kulimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu - kutulutsidwa kwa insulin kumawonjezeka pamene thupi likumana ndi zovuta, chifukwa chake muyenera kupuma ndikugona bwino tsiku lanyengo.
4. Zolakwika zochokera ku labotale, pomwe magazi sayang'aniridwa nthawi yomweyo, koma patapita nthawi. Zinapezeka kuti zotsatira zake zimakhala zolondola ngati magazi atsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito phunziroli. Mphindi 15 pambuyo pa mpanda, magawo ake amakanidwe, ngakhale motsogozedwa ndi anticoagulants, amachepetsa kwambiri ndipo amasiya kukhala "wamoyo".

Zinthu izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa, chifukwa kusalowerera kwawo kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsimikizika zambiri.

Madzi a insulin zimatengera zizindikirozi:

• zaka
• jenda
• nthawi yoyeserera magazi (kaphatikizidwe ka mahomoni amasintha tsiku lonse)
• kupezeka kwa kusintha kwa mahomoni (ndi kutha msinkhu, kutenga pakati, kusintha kwazamasamba),
• kusala magazi kapena mutatha kudya,
• kumwa mankhwala a mahomoni.

Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuganizira zikhalidwe za akazi ndi mibadwo yosiyanasiyana, poganizira zomwe zapezeka phunziroli.

Kwa ana zizindikiro adzakhala osiyana pang'onopoganizira mtundu wa chakudya:

• wakhanda ndi ana a chaka choyamba cha moyo - 3-15 mkU / ml,
• ana a sukulu yasukulu - 4-16 mkU / ml,
• ana a zaka 7 mpaka 12 - 3-18 mkU / ml.

Chizindikiro cha insulin m'mwazi mwa achinyamata ndi 4-19 mkU / ml.

Nthawi yakutha msinkhu, pamene mphamvu ya mahomoni imasintha pang'ono, malire apansi amakwera pang'ono mpaka 5 mcU / ml.

Muyezo wa insulin m'magazi mwa amuna ndiwosiyanasiyana kuyambira 3 mpaka 23 μU / ml, ndipo ali ndi zaka 25-45, zizindikiritso sizisintha. Pambuyo pa zaka 50, pamene ntchito zolimbitsa thupi zimachepa, ndipo chakudya chokwanira chimafunidwa, malire ake ndi 6-30 μU / ml.

Mlingo wa insulin m'magazi a azimayi pamimba yopanda kanthu umasiyana msinkhu:

• Zaka 25-35 - 3-20 mkU / ml,
• Zaka 35-45 - 3-26 mkU / ml,
• Zaka 45-65 wazaka - 8-34 mkU / ml.

Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, mothandizidwa ndi kusintha kwa ma horoni, mfundo za insulin zimaloledwa kuwonjezeka mpaka 28 mcU / ml, yomwe sioyambitsa matenda ndipo imadutsa yokha itabereka.

Muzochitika kuti mkazi amamwa mankhwala a mahomoni, makamaka pakamwa pakamwa, ndikofunikira kudziwitsa wothandizira ntchito zam'mawu za izi, pambuyo pake cholembedwa china chimapangidwa mu decoding, popeza mulingo wa insulin ukhoza kuchuluka, koma osakhala matenda.

Kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi, komanso shuga, kumachitika pakatha maola 1.5-2 mutadya. Kuwerenga kwa chizindikirochi kumatilola kuti tiwunikire momwe kapamba amachitikira ndi kaphatikizidwe ka mahomoni. Mapeto ake amapangidwa osati kokha ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin, komanso ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga. Zizindikiro ziwirizi zimasiyana molunjika, popeza zimadalirana.

Muubwana, mtengo wololedwa kwambiri mukatha kudya ndi 19 mcU / ml. Kwa akazi, chizolowezi chomaliza chakudya chimakhala 26-28 mkU / ml. Mwa amuna, pafupifupi mtengo umakhalabe chimodzimodzi kwa akazi.

Mwa amayi apakati komanso okalamba, kuchuluka kwa insulini kumaloledwa, komwe ndi 28-35 μU / ml.

Kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola, kusanthula nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'magawo atatu:

1. Pamimba yopanda kanthu m'maola ochepa mutadzuka.
2. Pambuyo kudya pambuyo 1.5-2 maola.
3. Pambuyo maola ena 1.5 mutatsiriza magazi.

Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muyeze kuchuluka kwa insulini m'mphamvu zazikulu, zomwe zimayenera kuchuluka pambuyo pa chakudya ndikuchepa pambuyo pa maola atatu mutatha kudya.

Si chinsinsi kuti pamaso pa matenda a shuga ndi kunenepa kwambiri kovuta kwambiri kubereka mwana. Izi ndichifukwa thupi limakhala lopanikizika nthawi zonse ndipo limawerengera mwayi wobala. Ntchito yayikulu ya thupi ndikusunga ntchito zofunika, chifukwa chake kutenga pakati ndi mapaundi owonjezera mu 90% ya milandu yonse sikuchitika.

Kuti mukhale ndi mwana wathanzi, makolo onse ayenera kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa insulini pamlingo wa 3-25 μU / ml.

Kuperewera kapena kuchuluka kwa mahoni kumakhala cholepheretsa kukhala mayi wachimwemwe.

Kutsutsana ndi insulin Chizindikiro chosonyeza kuphwanya kuyankha kwa thupi ku insulin yopanga kapena yopanga. Mndandanda wotsutsa wa insulin umathandizira kuwunika momwe thupi limaperekera insulin. Pakuwerengera kwake, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa mayunitsi a 0,1 a insulin pa 1 kg ya wodwala pamitsempha, pambuyo pake mphindi 10 zilizonse kwa ola limodzi kuti azilamulira shuga. Pazifukwa izi, glucometer yosunthika imagwiritsidwa ntchito, kukulolani kuti mupange zotsatira zolondola mwachangu.

Zosokera ndi mfundo zilizonse zolandilidwa zomwe zimapitilira zomwe zaperekedwa.

Zokhotakhota zimatha kukhala zam'mwamba komanso zotsika.

Kuperewera kwa insulin, komwe kukhazikika chizindikiro pansipa 3 μU / ml, imadzetsa kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusatheka kwa kulowa kwake m'maselo ndi minofu. Thupi limakumana ndi vuto lalikulu la glucose, lomwe limayimiriridwa ndi zizindikiro monga:

• ludzu lalikuru ndi kupumira kwamantha kwa njala,
• kukodza pafupipafupi,
• thukuta kwambiri
• khungu lowuma,
• kugona kosalekeza komanso kuchepa kwa ntchito,
• mavuto amakumbukiro ndi kuwukira kwaukali.

Kusowa kwadongosolo kwa insulin kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zoyipa kwa thupi lonse.

Zida zaubongo zimakhudzidwa makamaka. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusowa kwa mahomoni awa ndizotheka kukhala ndi zakudya zazitali komanso kupititsa patsogolo kwa matenda a autoimmune, makamaka matenda a shuga.

Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti munthu akucheperachepera kapena kuchuluka thupi, pali zizindikiro zonse za matenda ashuga, koma zotsatira za kuyesa kwa glucose zimakhalabe zoperewera. Poterepa, kuyesedwa kwa insulin kukaniza ndi kulolera kwa glucose kuyenera. Izi ziwiri zikuwonetsa momwe thupi limazindikirira bwino glucose, ndikuwonetsanso zomwe zingayambitse.

Pankhaniyi, kufufuza kwathunthu kumafunikira, komwe kumaphatikizapo maphunziro a endocrine, komanso ultrasound yam'mimba.

Makhalidwe okwera zomwe zimafikira 25-30 mcU / ml. Ngati chiwerengerochi chikufika pamagawo 45, ndiye kuti munthu akufunika thandizo mwachangu.

Zomwe zimayambitsa izi ndi ma pancreatic pathologies, omwe chiwalochi chimayamba kupanga mosasinthika mahomoni.

Mawonekedwe akunja azachipatala omwe ali ndi insulin yayikulu ndi:

• kuperewera mseru limodzi ndi njala
• thukuta lozizira
• tachycardia
• kukomoka.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kudwala zingakhale matenda monga:

1. Insulinoma ndi chotupa mu kapamba yemwe amasokoneza kugwira ntchito kwa chiwalo chonse.
2. Zakudya zopanda vuto, zomwe zimatsogolera kukula kwa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2.
3. Matenda a autoimmune.
4. Polycystic ovary ndi mahomoni.

Kuchulukitsa kwa insulini kumapangitsa kuwonongeka kwampanda kwamitsempha yamagazi, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yopanda phokoso komanso yopanda brittle.

Palinso chiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda oopsa, kunenepa kwambiri ndi oncology, kamenenso kikugogomezera kufunika kwakuwongolera mulingo wa mahomoni awa.

Kuchita bwino kwambiri kwa insulin yokhala ndi shuga wabwinobwino kumawonetsa kuti thupi limakhala ndi neoplasms, makamaka mu kapamba, kapena pali mavuto ndi kagwiridwe ka endocrine system yonse, pomwe mahomoni ambiri sagwira ntchito moyenera.

Onerani kanema pamutuwu

Kupanga kwa mahomoni mwachindunji kumatengera magwiridwe a endocrine system ndi kapamba makamaka.

Monga prophylaxis yamakhalidwe abwinobwino, malingaliro monga:

1. Pewani mowa ndi zinthu zina zopweteka zomwe zimakhala ndi chiwopsezo chochuluka pa kapamba ndi chiwindi.
2. Khazikitsani zakudya, ndikuzipanga kukhala zopatsa mphamvu komanso zochepa.
3. Khalani ndi moyo wokangalika, yang'anirani masewera.

Ndikofunikira kuyezetsa pachipatala chaka chilichonse, kulabadira zizindikiro za shuga.

Ngati akwezedwa, ndiye kuti zizindikiro za insulini ziyenera kupezeka.Pamaso pa kufooka, kugona, kuwonjezeka kwa mafuta m'mimba, ludzu, kuphunzira kuyenera kuchitika osanenedwa. Mitundu yambiri ya insulini, komanso yotsika kwambiri, imakhala yowopsa kwa thupi ndipo imawonetsa kukhalapo kwa kupatuka. Kuzindikira kwakukulu kumawonedwa patatha maola awiri mutatha kudya, pambuyo pake mfundozo zimayambiranso bwino. Kungodziyang'anira nokha ndikudzifufuza kwakanthawi kochepa komwe kumapewe mavuto ambiri ndi zotsatirapo zovuta zaumoyo.

Insulin ndi mahomoni a protein omwe amapangidwa ndi kapamba. Imakhala ndi chothandiza kwambiri pakapangidwe kazakudya zambiri m'thupi lathu. Chimodzi mwa ntchito zake zazikulu ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Chifukwa cha insulini, njira yogwiritsira ntchito shuga ndikupanga maselo am minofu imathandizira, kupanga maselo atsopano a shuga m'chiwindi kumalepheretsa. Zimapanga nkhokwe ya glycogen - mtundu wa glucose - m'maselo, zimathandizira pakusunga komanso kudziunjikira kwazinthu zina zamphamvu, monga mafuta, mapuloteni. Chifukwa cha insulin, kuchepa kwawo ndikugwiritsa ntchito sikulephereka.

Zikachitika kuti ntchito ya pancreatic singavulazidwe komanso ndulu ikuyenera, imatulutsa insulini yofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa thupi lonse. Mukatha kudya, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumakwera, izi ndizofunikira pakukonzanso kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa mapuloteni obwera, mafuta ndi chakudya.

Kupanda insulin yokwanira, mtundu 1 wa shuga umachitika. Mu matendawa, maselo a pancreatic beta omwe amapanga insulin amawonongeka. Thupi silingafanane ndi chakudya chomwe chikubwera.

Kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino, wodwalayo amapatsidwa "insulin" chakudya asanadye. Kuchuluka komwe kumayenera kuthana ndi kukonzanso bwino kwa zakudya zomwe zikubwera. Pakati pa chakudya, insulin imathandizidwanso. Cholinga cha majekesowa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti thupi likugwira ntchito pakudya.

Nthawi yomwe insulin m'thupi imapangidwa molondola, koma mawonekedwe ake amakhala osalimba, matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri amapezeka. Ndi matenda amtunduwu, mtundu wa insulini umachepetsedwa, ndipo sungakhale ndi chidwi ndi maselo amthupi. M'malo mwake, mulibe nzeru mu insulin yotere. Satha kusintha shuga m'magazi. Ndi mtundu uwu, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokopa insulin kuti ichitepo kanthu.

Mlingo wa insulin wabwinobwino mwa amuna ndi akazi ndi wofanana, pali kusiyana pang'ono pazochitika zina.

Nthawi zina pamene glucose wambiri m'thupi akwera, kapamba amayamba kupanga insulin mwachangu. Nthawi ngati izi mu thupi la mkazi wathanzi limachitika nthawi yakutha, pakati komanso kukalamba.

Zonsezi zikuwonetsedwa bwino pama tebulo apa:

kuyambira 25 mpaka 50

Mulingo wa insulin m'mwazi wa mkazi umasiyanasiyana malinga ndi zaka zake. Pakupita kwa zaka, imakwera modabwitsa.

Mwa amuna, komanso mwa akazi, zomwe zimakhala ndi insulini m'thupi zimasiyana ndi zaka.

kuyambira 25 mpaka 50

Mukakalamba, mphamvu zowonjezera zimafunikira, chifukwa chake, pambuyo pa makumi asanu ndi limodzi mwa amuna, monga akazi, kuchuluka kwa insulin komwe kumapangidwa kumakhala kochuluka ndikufika 35 mced / l.

Ana ndi achinyamata amapanga gulu lapadera. Ana safunanso mphamvu zowonjezera, motero kupanga mahomoni awa sikukuwoneka pang'ono. Koma nthawi yakutha msuzi, chithunzicho chimasintha kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi kufalikira kwa mahomoni ambiri, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'mwazi mwa achinyamata kumakulirakulira.

Miyezo ya insulin ikamasinthasintha kuposa manambala omwe akuwonetsedwa, izi zikutanthauza kuti munthuyo amakhala wathanzi. Nthawi yomwe mahomoni omwe ali pamwambapa akuwonetsa, matenda am'mapapo komanso ziwalo zina zitha kupezeka patapita zaka, njirazi zimatha kusintha.

Insulin ndi mahomoni okhala ndi khalidwe.Zinthu zambiri zimatha kukhudza kuchuluka kwake - kupsinjika, kupsinjika kwa thupi, matenda a kapamba, koma nthawi zambiri kusokonezeka kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda a shuga a munthu.

Zizindikiro zonena kuti pali kuchuluka kwa insulini - kuyabwa, pakamwa pouma, mabala amtundu wochiritsa, chilimbikitso chokwanira, koma nthawi yomweyo chizolowezi choonda.

Momwe insulin ilili pansi pazomwe zimachitika imawonetsa kulimbitsa thupi kwakanthawi kapena kuti munthu ali ndi matenda a shuga 1. Matenda a kapamba sayeneranso kutsutsidwa. Nthawi zambiri pamizerezi pamawonjezeredwa pallor, palpitations, kukomoka, kusakwiya, thukuta.

Kusanthula kumafunika kuti mudziwe zomwe zili mu insulin. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yosanthula - mutatha kukweza shuga komanso pamimba yopanda kanthu. Kuti mupeze matenda a shuga, muyenera kuchita mayeso onsewa. Phunziro lotere litha kuchitidwa mu chipatala chokha.

Kusanthula kumeneku kumachitika m'mimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa, kuti zotsatira zake ziziwoneka bwino, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musadye osachepera maola 12 musanatenge magazi. Chifukwa chake, kuwunika kumeneku kumayikidwa m'mawa, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wokonzekera bwino magazi.

Tsiku loti lisanachitike, zakudya zamafuta onse, maswiti amachotsedwa pamakonzedwe a wodwala, mowa uyenera kupewedwanso. Kupanda kutero, zotsatira zomwe zapezedwa sizingafanane ndi zenizeni, zomwe zingapangitse njira yodziwira bwino matenda.

Kuphatikiza pakusintha menyu, ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi moyo wopumula kwambiri musanafike pokonzanso - siyani masewera olimbikira, olimbikira ntchito, yesani kupewa zomwe zikukumana ndi mavuto. Kusiya kusuta tsiku lisanafike kusanthula sikungakhale kopusa.

Pambuyo pakugona, musanapereke magazi kuti muwoneke, simungadye kapena kumwa chilichonse kupatula madzi oyera okha. Magazi amatengedwa kuchokera pachala, nthawi zina, magazi a venous amatengedwa, komanso pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Kuphatikiza pa kuyesedwa kwa magazi, madokotala nthawi zambiri amakupatsirani kuyesa kwa ziphuphu, zomwe zimathandiza kudziwa zifukwa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulini ipangidwe molakwika.

Zotsatira zitha kukhala zochepa poyerekeza ndi tebulo lomwe lili pamwambapa. Chifukwa chake chisonyezo chokhazikika kwa munthu wamkulu chizikhala magawo kuchokera pa 1.9 mpaka 23 mked / l. Kwa ana ochepera zaka 14, chizindikiro ichi chimatha kukhala pakati pa 2 mpaka 20 mcd / l. mwa amayi omwe ali ndiudindo, chizindikiro ichi chidzakhala chofanana ndi 6 mpaka 27 mked / l.

Kuti mumvetsetse mwachangu komanso moyenera momwe thupi limatulutsira insulini, kuyezetsa kumachitika kuti mupeze timadzi tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatulutsa. Kukonzekera njira yodziwitsira matenda kumachitika chimodzimodzi monga momwe zinalili kale. Simungathe kudya osachepera maola 8, kusuta, kumwa mowa komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuyenera kusiyidwa.

Nthawi yonseyi, simungathe kupanga zochita zolimbitsa thupi, kusuta. Pambuyo maola awiri, magazi amatengedwa kuti awunikidwe, kuyeza mulingo wa insulin.

Pakupereka zitsanzo, wodwalayo amafunika kukhala wodekha, apo ayi zotsatira zake sizingakhale zolondola.
Pambuyo pa kusanthula koteroko, magawo otsatirawa amakhala zizizindikiro wamba: kwa munthu wamkulu, manambala amachokera pa 13 mpaka 15 mced / L, kwa mayi yemwe ali ndi mwana, ziwerengero kuyambira 16 mpaka 17 mced / L zidzakhala chizindikiro chokwanira, kwa ana ochepera zaka 14, manambala kuyambira 10 azikhala achizolowezi mpaka 11 mced / l.

Nthawi zina, kungakhale koyenera kuwunikira kawiri kuti muzindikire zomwe zili m'madzi a insulin. Kusanthula koyamba kumachitika m'mimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa, pambuyo pake wodwalayo amapatsidwa shuga kuti amwe ndipo patatha maola awiri kuyezetsa magazi kumabwerezedwa. Kusanthula kophatikizidwa kudzapereka chithunzithunzi chowonjezera cha zotsatira za insulin.

Pambuyo podya, mapuloteni, mafuta ndi zakudya zimaloŵa m'thupi, kapamba amayamba kupanga mwachangu mahomoni kuti athe kunyamula mitundu yonseyi. Ndiye kuti, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumawonjezeka kwambiri, chifukwa chake ndizosatheka kudziwa molondola kuchuluka kwa insulin mthupi la munthu mutatha kudya. Chakudya chikakonzedwa, zinthu za insulini zimayamba kukhala zabwinobwino.

Mchitidwe wa insulin mukatha kudya umachuluka ndi 50-75% yokhazikika, popeza nthawi imeneyi kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumakwera. Mukatha kudya pambuyo pa maola awiri ndi theka, inshuwaransi itatu kwambiri iyenera kubwerera mwakale.

Kwa anthu omwe akukumana ndi mavuto ndi kupanga bwino kwa insulini, zakudya zamafuta ochepa ndizofunikira. Kusunga shuga wabwinobwino, motero insulin, ndizovuta, koma ndizotheka.

Ndikofunikira kusiya batala kuphika ndi sinamoni ndikuyang'ana zamasamba, chimanga, zipatso zosakanizidwa, tiyi. Kuchuluka kwa lokoma kuyenera kuwongoleredwa momveka bwino ndipo kumakhala koyenera kusintha m'malo mwazipatso zosapsa ndi zipatso zouma. Kuyambira nyama ndibwino kukonda ng'ombe ndi nyama ina yopendekera.

Chikondamoyo ndi gawo la endocrine. Gawo lirilonse la iwo limatulutsa mahomoni ake, omwe amafunikira munthu.

M'maselo a beta a thupi, insulin imapangidwa - timadzi timene timagwira ntchito zambiri zofunika mthupi.

Kuperewera kwake, komanso mopitilira muyeso, kumabweretsa matenda osiyanasiyana.

Poyamba, kapamba amapanga timadzi tomwe timagwira. Kenako, podutsa magawo angapo, amapita kukonzekera. Pulogalamu yamapuloteni ndi mtundu wa fungulo lomwe glucose amalowera minyewa yonse komanso ziwalo zonse.

Glucose amalowa muubongo, maso, impso, mitsempha ya adrenal ndi mitsempha yamagazi yopanda insulin. Ngati sikokwanira m'magazi, ndiye kuti ziwalo zimayamba kupanga shuga wambiri, motero zimadziwonetsa zolemetsa zambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mu shuga, ziwalozi zimawerengedwa kuti "zigoli" ndipo zimakhudzidwa koyamba.

Tizilombo tina tonse tomwe timadutsa glucose kokha ndi insulin. Mukakhala pamalo oyenera, glucose amasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ndi minofu. Timadzi timene timapangidwa mosalekeza tsiku lonse, koma pakudya, zotulukazo zimakhala zochulukirapo. Izi ndikuti tilewe shuga.

1. Zimathandizira shuga kulowa mkati mwa minofu ndikupanga mphamvu.
2. Kuchepetsa katundu pachiwindi, komwe amapanga shuga.
3. Imathandizira kulozetsa kwa ma amino acid ena mu minofu.
4. Amatenga nawo kagayidwe, makamaka kagayidwe kazakudya.
5. Ntchito yayikulu ya chinthu ndi hypoglycemic. Kuphatikiza pa chakudya chomwe anthu amadya, thupi limapanganso mahomoni ambiri omwe amalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi. Izi zimaphatikizapo adrenaline, mahomoni okula, glucagon.

Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa mahomoni anu, ndikofunikira kukonzekera bwino magazi.

Kukonzekera kusanthula:

1. Magazi ayenera kumwedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu.
2. Tsiku lotsatira liyenera kukhala chakudya chamadzulo, pafupifupi maola 8 musanayesedwe.
3. M'mawa amaloledwa kumwa madzi owiritsa.
4. Brush ndi rinsing sizikulimbikitsidwa.
5. Masabata awiri musanafike mayeso, wodwalayo ayenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala onse. Kupanda kutero, adotolo ayenera kuwonetsa chithandizo chomwe munthu akalandira.
6. Masiku angapo musanafike mayeso, ndikofunikira kukana zakudya zovulaza: mafuta, okazinga, osankhidwa ndi mchere, komanso zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi chakudya mwachangu.
7. Tsiku lisanafike phunziroli, muyenera kudzitchinjiriza pamasewera ndi pazovuta zambiri.

Zotsatira zomwe zimapezeka mukamayesa magazi a insulin sizingachitike popanda kuyesedwa kwa magazi. Zizindikiro zonse ziwiri zokha zimapereka chithunzi chonse cha thupi. Pachifukwa ichi, wodwalayo amakumana ndi zovuta komanso mayeso oyipitsa.

Kuyesedwa kwa nkhawa kumawonetsa momwe insulin imayankhira mwachangu mu glucose yemwe amalowa m'magazi.Ikachedwa, kuzindikira kwa matenda am'mbuyomu kumakhazikitsidwa.

Kuyesaku kumachitika motere. Mwazi wofulumira umatengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha. Wodwalayo kenako amamwa shuga wina wabwino. Kukonzanso shuga kwa magazi kumapangidwa patatha maola awiri mutachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Tebulo la kuwunika zotsatira:

Chiyeso choyambitsa kapena kuyesa ndi njala chimakhala choposa tsiku limodzi. Choyamba, wodwalayo amapereka magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu. Kenako samadya kanthu tsiku lina, ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi amapereka magazi. Zizindikiro zomwe zimatsimikizidwa mu zitsanzo zonse: insulin, glucose, C-peptide. Mwa amayi ndi abambo, chizolowezi chimakhala chimodzimodzi.

Gome lounikira zotsatira za kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi:

Hyperinsulinemia nthawi zambiri imawonedwa pakudya. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, mulingo wake suyenera kupitilira malire.

Miyezo yambiri ya mahomoni m'magazi imakhala ndi zotsatirazi:

• njala yosalekeza, yophatikizidwa ndi mseru,
• kukomoka mtima,
• thukuta kwambiri
• manja akunjenjemera
• kukhumudwa pafupipafupi.

Matenda omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa insulin m'magazi:

Pankhani ya hyperinsulinemia, muyenera kuyang'ana chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa, chifukwa palibe mankhwala omwe angachepetse kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.

Kuti muchepetse chizindikiro, tikulimbikitsidwa:

• Idyani kawiri patsiku popanda kudya,
• Konzani tsiku losala kudya kamodzi pa sabata,
• sankhani zakudya zoyenera, gwiritsani ntchito zakudya zokhala ndi mtundu wocheperako komanso wapakati wa glycemic,
• masewera olimbitsa thupi
• CHIKWANGWANI chiyenera kupezeka mu chakudya.

Pali mtheradi ndi insulin yokwanira. Kukwanira kwathunthu kumatanthauza kuti kapamba satulutsa timadzi tating'onoting'ono ndipo munthu amakula matenda amtundu woyamba.

Kusakwanira kwachibale kumayamba pamene mahomoni m'mwazi amapezeka mwachilengedwe kapena mopitilira muyeso, koma samatengedwa ndi maselo amthupi.

Hypoinsulinemia ikuwonetsa chitukuko cha matenda a shuga 1. Ndi matendawa, zisumbu za ma Langerhans a kapamba zimakhudzidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchepa kapena kufalikira kwa kupanga kwa mahomoni. Matendawa ndi osachiritsika. Kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino, odwala amapatsidwa jakisoni wautali wa insulin.

1. Zinthu zamtundu.
2. Kuzunza. Kugwiritsa ntchito mosalekeza zinthu zophika ndi maswiti kungayambitse kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa mahomoni.
3. Matenda opatsirana. Matenda ena amakhala ndi zowononga pama zisumbu za Langerhans, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa mahomoni.
4. Kupsinjika Mitsempha yambiri ya m'magazi imakhala ndi shuga wambiri, motero insulin m'magazi imatha kugwa.

Odwala ndi matenda a shuga amatchulidwa subcutaneous makonzedwe a timadzi.

Zonsezi zimagawidwa potengera nthawi yochita:

• Degludec amatanthauza insulin zazitali kwambiri, zomwe zimakhala maola 42,
• Glargin amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali ndipo amatenga maola 20 mpaka 36,
• Humulin NPH ndi Bazal ndi mankhwala a nthawi yayitali, zotsatira zawo zimangoyambira maola atatu pambuyo pa jekeseni ndikutha pambuyo pa maola 14.

Mankhwalawa amadziwika kuti ndiwo maziko othandizira odwala matenda ashuga. Mwanjira ina, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala oyenera, omwe amaba jakisoni kamodzi kapena kawiri pa tsiku. Jakisoniyu sakukhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya.

Pazakudya, wodwala amafunika jakisoni wamfupi komanso wa ultrashort:

1. Oyamba akuphatikiza Actrapid NM, Insuman Rapid. Pambuyo pa jakisoni, mahomoniwo amayamba kuchita pambuyo pa mphindi 30-45, ndipo amamaliza kugwira ntchito atatha maola 8.
2. Ultrashort jakisoni Humalog ndi Novorapid amayamba zochita zawo mphindi zochepa atabayidwa ndikugwira ntchito kwa maola 4 okha.

Tsopano, pochiza matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, mankhwalawa a nthawi yayitali komanso ultrashort amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Jekeseni woyamba mwa wodwala ayenera kukhala atangodzuka nthawi yayitali - kuchitapo kanthu kwa nthawi yayitali.Nthawi zina anthu amasintha jakisoniyo masana kapena madzulo, kutengera mtundu wa moyo ndi chidwi cha munthu payekha.

Insulin yochepa imayikidwa pamaso pa chakudya chachikulu, katatu patsiku. Mlingo amawerengedwa payekhapayekha kwa wodwala aliyense. Wodwala wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya komanso glycemic index, ndipo amafunikiranso kudziwa kuchuluka kwa insulini ku mkate umodzi.

Amakhulupirira kuti kuchuluka kwakukulu kwamahomoni m'mawa, ndipo pofika madzulo amachepetsa. Koma musatenge mawu awa ngati axiom. Thupi la munthu aliyense payekha, motero, wodwalayo ayenera kuthana ndi kusankha kwa mankhwalawa limodzi ndi endocrinologist. Kuti muphunzire thupi lanu mwachangu ndikusankha mlingo woyenera, muyenera kukhala ndi cholembera chodziletsa.

Aliyense ayenera kusamalira yekha zaumoyo. Ndi thanzi labwino, kuyesako kuyenera kuchitika kamodzi pachaka. Pakakhala zizindikiro zilizonse za matendawa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti akumuyezeni. Kuzindikira kwakanthawi kumathandizira kukhala wathanzi komanso kupewa kutulutsa zovuta zazikulu.

Chamoyo chogwira ntchito kwambiri kwokhudzana ndi katemera wa amkati (mkati), apo ayi, insulin, ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zoyendetsera kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi. Kuchuluka kwake kapena kuchepa kwa ndende kumawonetsa zonyansa mu endocrine system. Miyezo ya mahomoni imakwera pang'onopang'ono kutengera zaka za munthu. Kuphatikiza apo, muyezo wa insulin m'magazi a akazi umasintha mu nthawi ya perinatal. Izi zimafuna chidwi chochulukirapo kuchokera kwa dokotala, chifukwa zingasonyeze kukula kwa matenda ashuga - mawonekedwe apadera a matenda omwe amayambitsidwa ndi kusalinganika kwa mahomoni panthawi yapakati.

Pancreas imayang'anira kupanga insulini - chiwalo chapadera chomwe chimagwira ntchito zonse za exocrine (exocrine) ndi intrasecretory (endocrine).

Cholinga chachikulu cha mahormoni ndicho kukhazikitsidwa kwa kagayidwe kazakudya komanso kuperekera kwa glucose, monga gwero lamphamvu, m'maselo ndi minyewa ya thupi.

Kuonetsetsa ntchito yofunika, insulin imakhudzidwa motere:

• Kupanga kwa glycogen (insulini imathandiza kuphatikiza ndi kusungitsa shuga m'magawo obwezeretsanso maselo ndi mphamvu, ngati itasowa),
• kuletsa kuwonongeka kwa amino acid kukhala mashuga osavuta,
• kayendedwe ka kuchuluka kwa ma ketones (matupi a acetone) m'magazi (mahomoni amawongolera kuchuluka kwa ma ketoni, amawalepheretsa kudziunjikira),
• mapuloteni kaphatikizidwe (amayambitsa kupanga kwawo, ndipo amateteza kuwola),
• kapangidwe ka RNA (ribonucleic acid), yomwe imakhazikitsa ndi kufalitsa chidziwitso cha cholowa.

Popanda insulin, thupi silitha kugwira ntchito mokwanira. Glucose kuchokera ku chakudya amakhala ndi magazi, ndipo maselo salandila mphamvu zochuluka. Pali matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, apo ayi amadalira insulin. Kuti munthu akhale ndi thanzi labwinobwino, amafunika kuti azizidwanso thupi ndi insulin yodalira mankhwala. Zomwe zimachitika pakapangidwe ka insulin mokwanira, koma chifukwa chophwanya mpweya wa kaboni, maselo sangathe kuyamwa, kukulira kwa insulin - mtundu 2 matenda a shuga.

Mluza umalowetsedwa ndi chakudya. Kuchuluka kwake kumatengera zinthu zomwe zimadyedwa. Zakudya zokhala ndi shuga wambiri wosavuta (glucose, fructose, lactose, etc.) zimathandizira kutulutsa kochuluka kwa shuga ochulukirapo m'magazi, ndipo kapamba ayenera kupanga insulin yambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi kumawonjezeka ndikatha kudya. Zotsatira zakuwunika bwino zitha kupezeka pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Pofufuza, magazi a venous amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pamaso kusanthula, ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa:

• osamwa mowa masiku atatu,
• osamadya kwa maola 10-12,
• ngati ndi kotheka, kanizani mankhwala m'masiku awiri.

M'mawa kusanachitike kusanthula, madzi oyera okha ndi omwe amaloledwa.

Pogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri, thupi limagwiritsa ntchito shuga wambiri. Kuti shuga asadziunjike m'magazi, koma amatengedwa monga momwe amawalangizira, kapamba amakakamizidwa kuwonjezera insulin. Mwa akazi, kupanga insulin kumadaliranso tsogolo la mahomoni munthawi yopatsidwa moyo.

1. 
   Asfandiyarova, Naila Heterogeneity wa mtundu 2 matenda a shuga / Naila Asfandiyarova. - M: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2013 .-- 164 p.
2. 
   Rumyantseva, T. Zolemba za odwala matenda ashuga. Zolemba za kudziyang'anira pawokha matenda ashuga: monograph. / T. Rumyantseva. - M: AST, Astrel-SPb, 2007 .-- 384 p.
3. 
   Nora Tannenhaus Momwe mungagonjetsere matenda a shuga (otanthauziridwa kuchokera ku Chingerezi: Nora Tannenhaus. "Zomwe mungachite pa matenda ashuga"). Moscow, Kron-Press Publishing House, 1997, masamba 156, kufalitsidwa makope 10,000.
4. Buku la Antsiferov, M. B. kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 mellitus / M.B. Antsiferov. - Moscow: Mir, 2010 .-- 196 p.
5. Balabolkin M.I. Diabetesology, Mankhwala - M., 2012. - 672 p.

Ndiloleni ndidziwitse. Dzina langa ndi Elena. Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito ya endocrinologist kwa zaka zoposa 10. Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakadali pano ndili katswiri pantchito yanga ndipo ndikufuna kuthandiza alendo onse omwe amapezeka pamalowo kuti athetse zovuta osati ntchito. Zinthu zonse za tsambalo amazisonkhanitsa ndikuzikonza mosamala kuti athe kufotokoza zambiri zofunikira. Musanagwiritse ntchito zomwe zikufotokozedwa pa webusayiti, kukambirana ndi akatswiri ndizofunikira nthawi zonse.

Ndemanga ndi ndemanga

Margarita Pavlovna - Feb 25, 2019 12:59 a.m.

Ndili ndi matenda a shuga a 2 - osadalira insulin. Mnzake adalangiza kuti achepetse magazi ndi DiabeNot. Ndinalamula kudzera pa intaneti. Adayamba kulandira. Ndimatsata zakudya zosasamala, m'mawa uliwonse ndidayamba kuyenda ma kilomita 2-3 ndikuyenda pansi. M'masabata awiri apitawa, ndazindikira kuchepa kwa shuga m'mamawa m'mawa asanadye chakudya cham'mawa kuyambira 9,3 mpaka 7.1, ndipo dzulo ngakhale mpaka 6.1! Ndikupitiliza njira yodzitetezera. Ndileka zolemba zabwino.

Olga Shpak - Feb 26, 2019 12:44 AM

Margarita Pavlovna, inenso ndakhala ku Diabenot tsopano. SD 2. Ndilibe nthawi yodya komanso kuyenda, koma sindimagwiritsa ntchito maswiti ndi chakudya, ndimaganiza XE, koma chifukwa cha zaka, shuga akadali wamkulu. Zotsatira zake sizabwino ngati zanu, koma kwa 7.0 shuga sizituluka sabata limodzi. Kodi mumapima shuga ndi glucometer iti? Kodi akukuwonetsani plasma kapena magazi athunthu? Ndikufuna kufananiza zotsatira ndikumwa mankhwalawo.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda ofala kwambiri pakati pa anthu okhala m'maiko otukuka. Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha zovuta zam'maganizo zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, makamaka chifukwa cha moyo wamutauni. Komabe, lero chinthu chimodzi chadziwika - matenda ashuga amafunika njira yochizira. Popanda chithandizo choyenera komanso chapanthawi yake kwa odwala matenda ashuga ambiri, kulumala koyambirira kumakhala koopsa. Chifukwa chake, m'nkhaniyi tiyesa kuganizira zofunikira kwambiri kuzindikiritsa, kupewa komanso kuchiza matenda.

Kodi matenda ashuga ndi chiani?

Kodi chifukwa chiyani shuga wambiri ndi woopsa?

Mwazi wa magazi uyenera kukhala m'magulu 3.3 - 6.6 mmol / L. Pakakhala kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi, ubongo wathu umakana kugwira ntchito - zomwe zimayambitsa kugona, kusowa chikumbumtima, ndipo nthawi zina, kumayambitsa kutseka kwa hypoglycemic. Ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, chomaliza chimakhala ndi poizoni. Miyezo yokwezeka ya glucose imapangitsa kuti makoma amitsempha yamagazi ayambe kunenepa komanso amachepa. Kuphwanya khoma la mtima kumabweretsa chisokonezo chonse cha kupuma kwa minofu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kudzera mu khoma lokwinya la zotengera, njira za metabolic ndizovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa mpweya ndi michere zimasungunuka m'mwazi, siziperekedwa kwa wolandila - ziwalo zathupi, ndipo ndizosakwanira.

Kuphatikiza pa kuperewera bwino kwa ziwalo ndi minyewa, khoma losinthika limasokonekera komanso kutsika kwa magazi kumapangitsa kuti chotupacho chitsekeke komanso kukha mwazi kuchitike.Kuopsa kwa kupsinjika kumeneku ndikuti ngati chotupa cham'mimba chikaphulika, ndiye kuti kumenyedwa kumachitika, ngati m'mitsempha wamtima kugunda kwa mtima kumachitika, ngati kukha magazi kumachitika m'madzi a retina, izi zitha kuchititsa kuti anthu asaone. Mwambiri, kumwalira mwadzidzidzi komwe kumayenderana ndi kusokonezeka kwa matenda a shuga mellitus kumachitika pafupipafupi kuposa ziwerengero. Kuphatikiza kosavomerezeka kwambiri kwamatenda ndi kuphatikiza kwa thrombosis yam'munsi, Hypertension, kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda ashuga.

Kuchepa kwamafuta kagayidwe ndicho chinthu chachikulu pakupanga mitsempha yamitsempha yamagazi. Kuchulukitsidwa kwa kuchuluka kwa mitundu ya magazi a lipoprotein kumabweretsa kupendekera kwawo pansi pa endothelial wosanjikiza wa ziwiya zazikulu ndikupanga zolembedwa za atherosranceotic. Imachepetsa magazi. Ndi zilonda zam'mapapo, kuphulika kwa chotengera cham'mimba ndikotheka, komwe kumatha kubweretsa vuto la mtima, gangren kapena stroko.

Zoyambitsa matenda a shuga

Monga lamulo, mtundu woyamba ndi matenda obadwa nawo omwe amadziwulula ali mwana, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndikupanga insulin. Komanso, mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga umatha kupezeka wachichepere chifukwa cha zochita za autoimmune zowononga ma cell a beta.
Cholinga cha mtundu 1 wa shuga ndi anthu omwe ali ndi makolo kapena abale apafupi ndi matendawa. Izi ndichifukwa choti pali lingaliro lakutsogolo kwa kuwonongeka kwa autoimmune kuwonongeka kwa maselo omwe amapanga insulin nthawi zina (matenda osinthidwa, matenda ena opatsirana).
Mtundu wachiwiri umadziwika ndi kukula mu ukalamba. Monga lamulo, mulingo wa insulin mumtunduwu wa matenda a shuga umayamba kukwezedwa. Kuphwanya carbohydrate metabolism kumalumikizidwa ndi chilema mu insulin receptor mu zimakhala zathupi.
Vuto lalikulu loti munthu akhale ndi matenda ashuga limachulukitsa thupi (kunenepa kwambiri mwanjira iliyonse) komanso kumangokhala. Kunenepa kwambiri nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa matenda a shuga a 2. Izi ndi zomwe anthu okhala m'mizinda ambiri amavutika.

Mitundu ya matenda ashuga

Musanaganizire za mitundu ya shuga, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito komanso momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito.

Kodi udindo wa kapamba ndi chiyani?

Chifukwa chake, kuli madera ena kapamba wotchedwa islets (insula), malo awa a kapamba ali ndi maselo a beta omwe amapanga insulin. Maselo a Beta pawokha amayang'aniridwa bwino ndi ma receptors apadera a misempha yamagazi. Ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose, amagwira ntchito modabwitsa ndipo amatulutsa insulin yambiri m'magazi. Ndi mulingo wama glucose osiyanasiyana 3.3-6.6 mmol / L, maselo amenewa amagwira ntchito mumalowedwe akuluakulu - kusunga oyambira a insulin.

Kodi insulin ndi chiyani?

Maselo opanga beta a kapamba amalowa m'magazi. Ndi kayendedwe ka magazi, insulin imagawidwa m'thupi lonse. Pamunsi pa minofu, adipose, ndi minyewa ya chiwindi, pamakhala ma cell ena a insulin omwe amatha kuyambitsa pokhapokha ngati awapatsa mamolekyule a insulini a "fungulo la loko". Insulini ikalumikizidwa ndi insulin receptor, chomaliza chimatsegulira njira zomwe glucose imalowera mu magazi mokha. Pamene insulin yochulukitsa kwambiri imayambitsa, ndipamenenso khungu limatsekeramo shuga. Chifukwa chake, pakalibe insulin, kapena ndi vuto la insulin receptor, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumatha kukwera motsutsana, koma panthawi imodzimodzi, minofu ya thupi imakhala ndi mphamvu yam'mimba, ndipo shuga yofunikira pantchito yawo imakhalabe mu lumen ya kama.

Zizindikiro Zakuchipa cha Matenda A shuga

Kuyesa kwa shuga m'magazi - zodziwika ndi matenda. Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa 3.3 - 6.6 mmol / L.Mukatha kudya, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatha kuwonjezeka kwakanthawi, koma kusintha kwake kumachitika mkati mwa maola 2 mutatha kudya. Chifukwa chake, kupezeka kwa shuga m'magazi kuposa 6,6 mmol / l kungasonyeze vuto la shuga kapena labotale - sipangakhale zosankha zina.

Kuyesa kwa mkodzo - ndi njira yodalirika yodziwira matenda yodutsira matenda ashuga. Komabe, kusapezeka kwa shuga mumkodzo sikungakhale chizindikiro chakuti matendawa alibe. Nthawi yomweyo, kukhalapo kwa shuga mkodzo kumawonetsa njira yoopsa ya matendawa yokhala ndi shuga m'magazi osachepera 8.8 mmol / L. Chowonadi ndi chakuti impso, zikasefa magazi, zimatha kubwezeretsa glucose kuchokera mkodzo woyamba kubwerera kumagazi. Komabe, ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kukupitilira mfundo zina (aimpso), glucose pang'ono amakhala mkodzo. Ndizinthu izi pomwe zambiri mwazizindikiro zomwe zimayenderana ndi matenda a shuga zimakhudzana - kuchuluka ludzu, kukodza pokoka, khungu lowuma, komanso kuchepa kwambiri pamenepa chifukwa chakutaya thupi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti shuga amasungunuka mu mkodzo, chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwa osmotic, amakoka madzi limodzi ndi izo, zomwe zimatsogolera kuzizindikiro zomwe tafotokozazi.

Njira zowonjezera zodziwira matenda ashuga ndi matenda

Nthawi zina, kuzindikiridwa kwa shuga okwera kapena kupezeka kwa shuga mumkodzo sikupereka umboni wokwanira kwa dokotala kuti adziwe ndikupereka chithandizo chokwanira. Kuti muwone bwino zonse zomwe zimachitika mthupi la wodwalayo, maphunziro owonjezera amafunikira. Mayeso awa athandizira kudziwa kutalika kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kuchuluka kwa insulin komwe kumakhala kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya, kudziwa nthawi ya kupangika kwa acetone ndikuchita panthawi yake pochiza vutoli.

Maphunziro owonjezera a shuga mellitus:

Madzi a insulin

Kudziwitsa za kuchuluka kwa magazi a fructosamine

Mayeso a kulolera a glucose

Phunziroli limachitika m'magawo angapo:

Kukonzekera mayeso pamafunika kuyimbira kuofesi yam'mawa m'mimba yopanda kanthu (chakudya chotsiriza chiyenera kukhala maola osachepera 10 mayeso asanachitike). Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amakhudza shuga m'magazi kuyenera kuyimitsidwa pasadakhale. Boma la ntchito ndi kupuma, zakudya, kugona ndi kudzuka ziyenera kukhalabe zomwezo. Patsiku la mayeso, ndizoletsedwa kudya zakudya, zakumwa zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga komanso mankhwala ena aliwonse okhala ndi organic. Mutha kukhala ndi kadzutsa kumapeto kwa mayeso.

1. Kusintha kwa magazi kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa glucose musanayambitse shuga. Ngati magazi a glucose aposa 6.7 mmol / l, kuyesaku sikuchitika - sizofunikira. Pankhaniyi, kuphwanya njira za metabolic ndikudziwikiratu.

2. Wodwalayo adapemphedwa kuti amwe chikho (300 ml) chamadzimadzi chomwe chimasungunuka mkati mwa mphindi 10. shuga.

3. Magulu angapo a magazi amatengedwa kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga pakatha ola limodzi atatha kudya shuga ndikuwonetsedwanso pambuyo pa maola awiri. Nthawi zina, kuyezetsa magazi kwa glucose kumachitika mphindi 30, 60, 90 ndi 120 pambuyo poyamwa shuga.

4. Kutanthauzira kwa zotsatira - pamenepa mutha kupanga chithunzi chosintha ndende ya glucose poyeserera. Tikukupatsani njira zomwe mungatanthauzire zotsatira za mayeso.

Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi musanamwe madziwo kuyenera kukhala ochepera 6.7 mmol / l, ndipo pambuyo pa mphindi 30-90 mutatenga gawo sayenera kupitirira 11.1 mmol / l, pambuyo pa mphindi 120, malingaliro a magawo a Laborator amayenera kutalikirana pansipa 7 8 mmol / L.
Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi asanayesedwe kunali pansi pa 6.7 mmol / L, pambuyo pa mphindi 30-90 chizindikirocho chinali chachikulu kuposa 11.1 mmol / L, ndipo pambuyo pa mphindi 120 chatsika pamiyeso yotsika ndi 7.8 mmol / L, ndiye izi zikuwonetsa kutsika kwa shuga kulolera. Odwala oterowo amafunikira mayeso owonjezera.
Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi musanayesedwe kunali m'munsi mwa 6.7 mmol / L, pambuyo pa mphindi 30-90 chizindikirocho chinali chachikulu kuposa 11.1 mmol / L, ndipo pambuyo pa mphindi 120 sichinatsike pazabwino zosakwana 7.8 mmol / L, ndiye izi awonetsetse kuti wodwala ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ndipo amafunikira mayeso owonjezereka ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi endocrinologist.

Kudziwitsa glycosylated magazi hemoglobin

Kutanthauzira kwa zotsatira:
Mlingo wa glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) wofanana 5.5-7.6% umawonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi atatu omwe asanachitike mayeso kwa miyezi itatu kunali kosadabwitsa.
Mlingo wa glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) wofanana 7.0-9.0% ukuwonetsa kuti mkati mwa miyezi itatu panali chipepeso chabwino cha matenda ashuga a mellitus.
Mlingo wa glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) wofanana ndi 9.0-10.5% umawonetsa kulipira kokwanira kwa matenda ashuga.
Mlingo wa glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) wofanana ndi 10.5-13.0% amawonetsa chindapusa chosakwanira - izi zimafunikira kukonzanso mu regimen ya chithandizo.
Mlingo wa glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) wofanana 13.0-15% - decompensated metabolism. Ichi ndi chizindikiro chosavomerezeka cha matendawa. Chifukwa chake, adotolo endocrinologist ayenera kusiya wodwalayo pang'onopang'ono ndipo atalandira chithandizo cha miyezi itatu, malinga ndi zomwe zasinthidwa, bwerezani mayeso.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga, kuchepa thupi m'matenda a shuga, zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga, mankhwala a hypoglycemic, insulin.

Pochiza matenda amtundu uliwonse wa shuga, zolinga zingapo zimakwaniritsidwa:

1. Matenda a shuga a magazi kwa nthawi yayitali.
2. Kupewa kwa chitukuko cha zovuta zomwe zimayamba pang'onopang'ono (diabetesic retinopathy, atherosulinosis, microangiopathy, matenda amitsempha).
3. Kupewa matenda owopsa a metabolic (hypo kapena hyperglycemic coma, ketoacidosis).

Njira ndi njira yokwaniritsira izi pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana a shuga amasiyana kwambiri.

Kukonzekera kwa insulin, mitundu ya insulin, yochepa insulin, insulin, munthu ndi porcine insulin.

Kutalika kwa chochitikacho komanso pachimake zochita za insulin zimagawidwa mu insulin yochepa komanso yayitali. Mwachilengedwe, zimasiyana osati zachilengedwe zokha, komanso kapangidwe kake - zopangika nthawi yayitali zimakhala ndi zinthu zapadera zomwe zimakulitsa zochitika za insulini, ma insulin osakhalitsa alibe zinthu izi.

Kuchita zinthu mwachidule

Makhalidwe a insulin omwe amangokhala pang'ono:kuyamba kwa mphindi 10-20 pambuyo pa utsogoleri, pazofunikira kwambiri ndi pambuyo pa mphindi 60-90, kutalika kwa maola ndi maola 4-6.

Oyimira gulu lino la insulin yokhala mwachidule: Actrapid (Novo Nordisk), Humulin R (Eli Lilly), Insuman Rapid (Hoechst).

Ogwira ntchito kwakutali

Pali mitundu ingapo ndipo imasiyana mu zowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera nthawi ya insulin.

Yakatalikirako Yakatali
Monga prolongator, ili ndi Surfen (Depot-Insulin yochokera ku Hoechst).
Makhalidwe a Surfen Insulin: akuyamba kuchita mphindi 30-45 pambuyo pa utsogoleri, wokwanira kuchitira ntchito pambuyo pa maola 3-6, kutalika kwa maola 14-18.

NPH-insulin ndi nthawi yayitali yochitapo kanthu
Oimira mtundu wa insulin iyi: Humulin N (Eli Lilly), Protafan HM (Novo Nordisk).
Makhalidwe a NPH insulin: Imayamba kugwira ntchito mphindi 45-60 pambuyo pa utsogoleri, pazofunikira kwambiri pakatha maola 3-6 pambuyo pa nthawi yayitali, maola okwanira 8-18

Zinc prolongator insulins
Mu gulu la insulini pali mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala: sing'anga nthawi yayitali komanso kuchitapo kanthu.

Chikhalidwe cha sing'anga-wochita insulin ndi zinc: Imayamba kugwira ntchito pambuyo pa mphindi 60-90 pambuyo pa utsogoleri, zochita zochuluka pambuyo pa maola 6 - 6 pambuyo pakukonzekera, kutalika kwa maola 12-18.
Oimira ma insulin omwe amagwira ntchito pakati: Monotard HM (Novo Nordisk), Humulin L (Eli Lilly)

Chizindikiro cha insulin ndi nthaka yayitali: Ikuyamba kugwira ntchito maola 4-6 pambuyo pa kuperekedwa, nthawi yayitali 10-18 maola atatsata, kutalika kwa maola 20-26.

Oimira ma insulin omwe akhala akuchita kwa nthawi yayitali: Ultratard HM (Novo Nordisk), Humulin Ultalente (Eli Lilly).

Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, sulfonylurea (maninyl), metformin, acarbose.

Metformin (Metformin)
Mankhwala amachepetsa kaphatikizidwe ka shuga ndi chiwindi, amakulitsa kagayidwe kazakudya, amachepetsa mphamvu ya insulin, amachepetsa mayamwidwe am'mimba pamatumbo, amakhala ndi vuto la anorexigenic (amachepetsa chilimbikitso). Oyimira ambiri pagululi ndi metformin, siofor.

Acarbose (Acarbose)
Mankhwalawa amalepheretsa kuchepa kwa chakudya m'matumbo. Ndi mamolekyulu ophatikizidwa ozamwitsa okha omwe amatha kuyamwa. Chifukwa chake, kutsekereza kugaya kwa chakudya kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa kugaya kwa shuga. Oyimira odziwika kwambiri m'gulu lino la mankhwala ndi Glucobai 50 ndi Glucobai 100.

Hypoglycemia ndi hypoglycemic chikomokere

Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia:
Kutukwana
Kulimbitsa chilimbikitso.
Zosangalatsa pamtima
Kuchulukitsa kwa milomo ndi nsonga ya lilime
Kudziwitsa za ndende
Zofooka zambiri
Mutu
Miyendo Yanjenjemera
Zowonongeka

Ngati simutenga nthawi yake munthawi ya kukula kwa chizindikirocho, ndiye kuti kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwa ubongo komwe kumatha kusokonezeka. Chithandizo cha hypoglycemia: Tengani mwachangu mankhwala aliwonse omwe amapezeka ndi chakudya chochepa kwambiri pamiyeso ya magawo 1-2 a mkate momwe mumakhala madzi, shuga, shuga, zipatso, mikate yoyera.

Ndi hypoglycemia yayikulu, inunso simudzatha kudzithandiza, mwatsoka, popeza mudzakhala osazindikira.
Thandizo lochokera kunja liyenera kukhala motere:
tembenuzirani mutu wanu kumbali kuti muchepetse kupuma
ngati pali yankho la glucagon, ndiye kuti liyenera kuperekedwa mwachangu posachedwa.
Mutha kuyika chidutswa cha shuga mkamwa mwa wodwala - pamalo pakati pa m'kamwa ndi m'mano.
Mwina kudzera mu mtsempha wa magazi kwa wodwalayo.
Kuimbira foni ya ambulansi yokhala ndi hypoglycemic coma ndiyofunikira.

Hyperglycemia, hyperglycemic coma, ketoacidosis

Zizindikiro za hyperglycemia ndi ketoacidosis:
kuchuluka kutopa kosatheka
ulesi
kukodza kwambiri nthawi zambiri komanso ludzu lalikulu
mwachangu (masana) kuonda (chifukwa cha kuchepa mphamvu m'mimba ndi kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya adipose)
kukokana kwa minofu ya ng'ombe pang'onopang'ono monga asthenia (chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mchere wamkati)
kuyabwa kwa khungu ndi mucous nembanemba
mseru, kusanza, ndi kupweteka kwam'mimba
Fungo la acetone mu mpweya wotuluka (wofanana ndi fungo la zosungunulira)
kutaya chikumbumtima (chikomokere pa se)

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zomwe tafotokozazi, ngati mwazindikira kuti ali ndi mkodzo mumkodzo wanu kapena ngati mumanunkhiza, ndiye kuti muyenera kufunafuna chithandizo kuchokera kwa endocrinologist wa dokotala kuti musinthe mlingo wa insulini ndikuchitapo kanthu kuti mubwezeretse kuchuluka kwa thupi la electrolyte.

Pomaliza, ndikufuna kulangiza owerenga athu kuti azikhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Ngati mulibe matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti izi ndi njira yabwino yolimbikitsira kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yanu ku thanzi lanu kuti mupewe matenda m'tsogolo. Ngati shuga yakumveka ngati chigamulo kwa inu, ndiye kuti simuyenera kuchita mantha. Matenda a shuga sikuti ndi sentensi, koma nthawi yotsogola, nthawi zambiri kuti mumvere thupi lanu ndikumvetsetsa.

Insulin ndi timadzi tating'onoting'ono timene timapumira. Imayang'anira kagayidwe kazakudya zam'magazi, kukhalabe ndi glucose pamagulu ofunikira, komanso imagwira nawo metabolism yamafuta (lipids).

Pancreatic mahomoni, wowongolera wama metabolism.

Mked / ml (microunit pa millilita).

Kodi ndi zotsalira ziti zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kafukufuku?

Momwe mungakonzekerere phunzirolo?

• Osamadya kwa maola 12 phunzirolo lisanachitike.
• Siyani kupatula kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa tsiku lamaphunziro lisanachitike (monga momwe adavomerezera ndi adokotala).
• Osasuta kwa maola atatu musanayambe kuphunzira.

Phunziro Mwachidule

Insulin imapangidwa m'maselo a beta a endocrine pancreas. Kuyika kwake m'magazi kumadalira kuchuluka kwa glucose: mutatha kudya, shuga ambiri amalowa m'magazi, poyankha izi, kapamba amatulutsa insulin, yomwe imayambitsa kusuntha kwa magazi kuchokera m'magazi kupita ku maselo a minofu ndi ziwalo. Insulin imayang'aniranso njira zam'magazi mu chiwindi: ngati pali shuga wambiri, ndiye kuti chiwindi chimayamba kuchisunga mu mawonekedwe a glycogen (glucose polymer) kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka mafuta acids. Pamene kuphatikizira kwa insulin kukodwala ndipo kupangidwa kochepa mphamvu, shuga sangathe kulowa m'maselo amthupi ndipo hypoglycemia imayamba. Maselo amayamba kusowa mu gawo lalikulu lomwe amafunikira pakupanga mphamvu - shuga. Ngati matendawa ndi operewera, ndiye kuti kagayidwe kamakhudzidwa ndimatenda a impso, mtima, mitsempha imayamba kukula, masomphenya amakhala ndi vuto. Matenda omwe akusowa kupanga insulini amatchedwa shuga mellitus. Ili ndi mitundu ingapo. Makamaka, mtundu woyamba umayamba pamene kapamba samapanga insulin yokwanira; mtundu wachiwiri umalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa chidwi cha maselo pazotsatira za insulin pa iwo. Mtundu wachiwiri ndiwofala kwambiri. Pochiza matenda ashuga m'magawo oyamba, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zakudya zapadera komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amathandizira kupanga insulin ndi kapamba, kapena kulimbikitsa maselo a thupi kudya glucose mwakukulitsa chidwi chawo ndi timadzi timeneti. Ngati kapamba amalekeratu kutulutsa insulini, kayendetsedwe kake ka jekeseni ndikofunikira. Kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi kumatchedwa hyperinsulinemia. Nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zimakhala m'magazi zimachepa kwambiri, zomwe zimatha kudzetsa chikumbumtima cha hypoglycemic komanso ngakhale kufa, popeza ntchito ya ubongo imatengera kutsekemera kwa glucose. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga panthawi ya makonzedwe a makolo pokonzekera insulin ndi mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a shuga. Kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi kumayambitsanso chotupa chomwe chimatulutsa zambiri - insulinoma. Ndi iyo, kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi kumatha kuwonjezera nthawi makumi angapo m'nthawi yochepa. Matenda ogwirizana ndi kukula kwa matenda a shuga: matenda a metabolic, matenda am'mimba a adrenal gland ndi pituitary gland, polycystic ovary syndrome.

Kodi kafukufukuyu amagwiritsa ntchito chiyani?

• Kwa matenda a insulin (pancreatic tumors) ndi kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda acute kapena hypoglycemia (pamodzi ndi kuyesa kwa glucose ndi C-peptide).
• Kuwona insulin ya insulin yopangidwa ndi maselo a beta.
• Kuti mupeze insulin.
• Kuti mudziwe ngati odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 ayenera kuyamba kumwa mankhwala a insulin kapena hypoglycemic.

Kodi phunziroli lidzakonzedwa liti?

• Ndi shuga wotsika kwambiri m'magazi komanso / kapena ndi zizindikiro za hypoglycemia: thukuta, kulumikizana, kugona nthawi zonse, chikumbumtima chosazindikira, kuwona kwamaso, chizungulire, kufooka, ndi vuto la mtima.
• Ngati ndi kotheka, fufuzani ngati insuliniyo inachotsedwa bwino, komanso munthawi yoyenera kuti mudzindikire kuti mungabwerenso.
• Mukamayang'ana zotsatira za kuphatikizika kwa maselo a cell (mwa kudziwa kuthekera kwa ma transplants kuti apange insulin).

Zotsatira zake zikutanthauza chiyani?

Mfundo zofunikira: 2.6 - 24,9 μU / ml.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala ndi insulin yayitali:

• acromegaly
• Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome,
• fructose kapena shuga-galactose tsankho,
• insulinoma
• kunenepa
• insulin kukana, monga matenda kapamba (monga cystic fibrosis) ndi khansa ya kapamba.

Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani?

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga corticosteroids, levodopa, kulera kwamlomo, kumathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa glucose.

• Pakadali pano, insulin yomwe imapezeka chifukwa cha biochemical synthesis imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati jekeseni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zifanane kwambiri ndi kapangidwe ka zinthu ndi insulin.
• Ma antibodies ku insulin angakhudze zotsatira za phunziroli, chifukwa ngati alipo m'magazi, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zodziwira kuchuluka kwa insulin (kusanthula kwa C-peptide).

• Serum C-peptide
• C-peptide mumkodzo wa tsiku ndi tsiku
• Mayeso a kulolera a glucose
• Madzi a m'magazi a Plasma
• Glucose wa urinary
• Fructosamine

Ndani amatsogolera phunziroli?

Endocrinologist, Therapist, gastroenterologist.

Kasitomala ndi chiwalo chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndi chimbudzi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti thupi likhale lolimba. Insulin ndi amodzi mwa mahomoni omwe amapangidwa ndi gland. Izi zimagwira ntchito yogawa shuga (glucose) m'maselo ndi minyewa kuti aziwapatsa mphamvu. Zizindikiro za Hormone zimasungidwa pamlingo wofunikira gawo lina la zochitika za anthu.

Mwa mwana, kuchuluka kwa insulin kokhazikika kumasiyana ndi akuluakulu komanso akuluakulu. Muyeso wa insulin m'mwazi wa ana, kupatuka ndi njira zothetsera mavuto awa zakambidwanso m'nkhaniyi.

Chifukwa chiyani thupi likufunika insulini?

Chakudya chikalowa mthupi, chimagawika m'tinthu tating'ono. Monosaccharides ndi chitsanzo cha "zomanga" zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi maselo ndi minofu ya thupi popezera zosowa zawo zamagetsi.

Munthu akangomaliza kudya, magazi ake amadzuka, omwe kapamba amalandila chizindikiro. Yankho ndikumasulidwa kwa insulini inayake, yomwe ntchito yake ndi kunyamula shuga m'thupi lonse. Kuphatikiza apo, insulin imakhudzidwa ndikupanga shuga m'misempha ya minofu ndi mafuta.

Ntchito zina za timadzi timene timagwira ntchito:

• imapangitsa kaphatikizidwe wamafuta acid m'chiwindi,
• imayendetsa njira za kupanga mapuloteni m'thupi,
• imalepheretsa kuchepa kwa matupi a glycogen ndi acetone,
• Imaletsa njira yogawa maselo amafuta,
• amalepheretsa kuchepa kwa zinthu za protein m'maselo a minofu.

Insulin - chinthu chomwe chimapatsa thupi mphamvu yofunikira ponyamula monosaccharide (glucose)

Ntchito wamba

Mlingo wa insulin mwa ana ndi wosiyana pang'ono ndi kuchuluka kwa akuluakulu. Kuchuluka kwakulu kwa mahomoni pamimba yopanda 20 ndi 20 mkU / l, osachepera 3 mkU / l. Manambalawa amatha kunyadira mwana wosakwana zaka 12.

Mlingo wabwinobwino wa mahomoni mu achinyamata opitirira zaka 12 zakubadwa umafanana ndi zizindikiro zachikulire:

• mulingo wovomerezeka ndi 25 μU / l,
• mulingo wocheperako ndi 3 mkU / l.

Kuyesa kwa magazi

Wodwala amadutsa biomaterial pamimba yopanda kanthu mu labotale. Kuti zotsatira zake zikhale zolondola, ndikofunikira kukonzekera kusonkhanitsa kwazinthu.Mwa ichi, chakudya chomaliza sichikhala pasanathe maola 10-12 isanafike nthawi ya kuyamwa. M'mawa mutha kumwa madzi kapena mchere wopanda madzi.

Zofunika! Tiyi, compote, zakumwa za zipatso ziyenera kutayidwa, chifukwa shuga mumapangidwe ake angapangitse kutulutsa kwa insulin m'magazi. Zotsatira - zotsatira zake zidzakhala zabodza.

Muyeneranso kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mano, kutafuna chingamu, kusuta.

Kudziletsa kwa glucose kulolerana

Njira yakufufuzira iyi idakhazikitsidwa poti wodwalayo amagonjera biomaterial kangapo. Kuwunika kumachitika m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu, amatenga magazi a capillary kapena venous. Kupitilira apo, antchito ogwira ntchito akufotokozera shuga m'magazi, wodwalayo amamwa njirayi, ndipo patapita nthawi (nthawi zambiri 60, 90 kapena 120 mphindi) amatenga magazi.

GTT ndi njira imodzi yodziwira kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi

Ndikofunikira kukhomanso chimodzimodzi ndi nthawi yoyamba. Pofunsidwa ndi adotolo, atha kuwonetsa pambuyo pa nthawi yomwe akuyenera kuwunika kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi.

Chifukwa chiyani kuchuluka kwa insulini kumasintha posanthula yonse? Chowonadi ndi chakuti ufa wa glucose ndi chinthu chotsekemera chomwe chimapangitsa kukwera kwa shuga m'magazi ndikutulutsa kwa insulin ndi kapamba. Kusintha konseku kumawonedwa potengera mphamvu yamagazi.

Kuyeza kwa shuga

Njirayi ndi yothandiza kufotokoza bwino ngati mulingo wa insulin m'mwazi wa mwana kapena zizindikiro ndi zina zomwe sizili zovomerezeka. Miyezo ya glycemia imayezedwa m'njira zingapo:

• wasanthula zasayansi
• mita ya shuga m'magazi kunyumba.

Miyeso imeneyi siziwonetsa kuchuluka kwake, koma ithandizanso kudziwa kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa msanga wa zinthu zomwe zimagwira mu mahomoni.

Zofunika! Ngati shuga m'magazi ndi apamwamba kuposa 5.5 mmol / L, mutha kuganiza za kuchuluka kwa insulin, komanso glycemia pansipa 3.3 mmol / L, tikulankhula za hyperinsulinism (kuchuluka kwa mahomoni).

Kuyeza kwa glucose ndi glucometer:

1. Sambani manja a mwana ndi wa munthu yemwe amweze miyezo moyenera. Gwiritsani ntchito chala kwa mwana ndi mowa kapena njira yina yophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Yembekezani mpaka chala chitauma.
2. Simungagwiritse ntchito chala chokha, komanso khutu la chidendene (kutengera zaka za mwana).
3. Khazikitsani mita pokhazikitsa gawo loyesa lomwe limayendetsedwa ndi mankhwala omwe amapezeka.
4. Kumenya chala cha mwana ndi chipangizo chapadera chomwe chimaphatikizidwa ndi mita.
5. Dontho la magazi omwe akutuluka liyenera kuikidwa ndendende pamalo omwe akuwonetsedwa pa malangizo omwe ali pachiyeso.
6. Pambuyo pa kuchuluka kwakanthawi (nthawi zambiri kuyambira masekondi 10 mpaka 40), zotsatira za muyeso wa glycemia zimawonekera pazenera la chipangizo chonyamula.

Mlingo wa insulini ukhoza kufotokozedwa bwino ndi glucometer.

Mitengo yapamwamba

Ngati mulingo wa chinthu chomwe chimagwira ntchito m'thupi chikachuluka, zizindikiritso za matenda a hypoglycemic zimawonekera. Kuchuluka kwa insulin kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi. Izi zili ndi fundo yoti maselo amthupi salandila mphamvu zokwanira. Choyamba, izi zimagwira ntchito m'maselo a ubongo. Hypoglycemia yomwe imakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali imabweretsa mavuto osaneneka. Maselo amayamba kuvuta ndikufa, zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa encephalopathy.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi ndi:

• kukhalapo kwa chotupa chokhala ndi mahomoni (insulinoma) cha kapamba,
• mawonetseredwe oyamba a matenda a shuga a 2,
• kuchitapo kanthu pochita opaleshoni, limodzi ndi kuchotsedwa kwa gawo lamatumbo ang'onoang'ono kapena m'mimba (kulowa mwachangu kwa chakudya m'matumbo kumapangitsa kuti insulini itulutsidwe kosalekeza,
• matenda amanjenje,
• matenda obwera chifukwa chakudya,
• mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri.

Zofunika! Kuchuluka kwa insulin kumatha kuyambitsa ma cell a chiwindi (hepatitis) kapena zotupa za chiwindi.

Mawonekedwe

Makolo azindikira kuti mwana amangokhala wosachita zambiri, kusiya masewera omwe amakonda, nthawi yosangalatsa. Kugwedezeka kumawoneka zala ndi zala zakumiyendo, milomo yam'munsi yapakati (yofanana ndi zamanjenje zamanjenje). Mwana amafunsa nthawi zonse kuti adye, koma nthawi yomweyo samalemera konse, m'malo mwake, amatha kuchepa thupi kwambiri.

Katswiri woyenerera amatha kudziwa mtundu wa hypoglycemic molingana ndi madandaulo a mwana ndi makolo ake

Pakufufuza, adokotala amawona kutuluka kwa khungu, thukuta kwambiri. Makolo angawone kulanda.

Njira Zowongolera Mkhalidwe

Panthawi yozindikira, adokotala ayenera kudziwa chifukwa chake hyperinsulinism imachitika. Popanda kuthetsa zomwe zimayambitsa, ndizosatheka kuchotsa mawonekedwe awonetsedwe wa matenda. Ngati kupangika kwachilengedwe kapena koyipa kwakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri, ziyenera kuchotsedwa, ndiye kuti chemotherapy imachitika.

Chofunikira ndikutsatira mfundo zamakhalidwe azakudya. Mwanayo alandire kuchuluka kwamapuloteni, lipids ndi chakudya, muyezo wake womwe umafanana ndi msinkhu wa wodwalayo.

Zofunika! Zakudya zambiri mthupi zimayenera kuchitika m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, koma nthawi zambiri. Izi zikuthandizira kukhala ndi shuga ya magazi pamlingo wofunikira (zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pamankhwala a insulin).

Ngati matenda a hypoglycemic apezeka:

• kupatsa wodwala kenakake kokoma (maswiti, kupanikizana, tiyi wotentha),
• kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira ya shuga m'mitsempha,
• adrenaline jakisoni
• glucagon makonzedwe
• zododometsa za kugwidwa mwamphamvu.

Milingo yotsika ya mahomoni

Zomwe zimachepa insulin m'thupi la mwana:

• mtundu 1 shuga
• kudya kwambiri
• kulandira zinthu zambiri zokhala ndi ma monosaccharides,
• matenda opatsirana
• matenda a chotupa,
• kupsinjika
• kuchepa thupi.

Poyeza shuga m'magazi, kupezeka kwa hyperglycemia kutsimikiza. Mwana amafunsa nthawi zambiri kuti amwe, adye, kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumawonekera.

Mwanayo amadya kwambiri, koma osalemera nthawi yomweyo. Khungu ndi michere yamkamwa imakhala youma, mulingo wamawonedwe umachepetsedwa, zotupa za m'matumbo zitha kuwoneka zomwe sizichiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali.

Hyperglycemia - mawonekedwe a kusowa kwa insulin m'thupi

Zofunika! Hyperglycemia imatha kudzetsa vuto la ketoacidotic ngati chithandizo chanthawi yake sichikupezeka.

Mkhalidwe wa Hyperglycemic umafuna chisamaliro chodzidzimutsa. Ndikofunikira kupangira insulin kukonzekera. Amayamba ndikuti mankhwalawa amathandizidwa mwanjira yake yoyera, kenako panjira ya glucose popewa kukula kwa hypoglycemia.

Mankhwalawa amaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala othandizira omwe ali ndi insulin:

• insulin yochepa - imayamba kugwira ntchito mkati mwa kotala la ola, zotsatira zake zimakhala mpaka maola 2-4
• mankhwala a nthawi yayitali - mchitidwewo umayamba kwa maola oposa 1-2 ndipo umatha mpaka maola 12,
• insulin yayitali - mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imawonedwa tsiku lonse.

Chofunikira china pakuwongolera kuchuluka kwa insulin ndi zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Mfundo zake:

• Kudya nthawi zambiri m'magawo ang'onoang'ono.
• Kukana shuga, kugwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera zachilengedwe kapena zopangidwa.
• Kukana mowa, mafuta, kusuta, zakudya zamchere.
• Mode okwanira akumwa (1.5-2 malita patsiku).
• Zokonda zimaperekedwa ku zinthu zonyowa, zophika, ndi zophika.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito kalori kumawerengeredwa payekhapayekha (nthawi zambiri 2500-2700 kcal patsiku).
• Kutsika kwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta, mapuloteni ndi ma lipids amakhalabe mkati mwazomwe zili.

Ngati mwana wasintha m'njira iliyonse, muyenera kulankhulana ndi katswiri woyenera.Izi zimalepheretsa kukula kwa matendawa kapena kufulumizitsanso kuchira pamene vutoli ladziwika koyambirira.

Kwa anthu athanzi, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi ndi 3.0-25-25 μU / ml. Mu ana, chizindikiro ichi chimachepera pang'ono - 3.0-20.0 μU / ml. Makhalidwe apamwamba amaloledwa mwa amayi apakati (6.0-27.0 mkU / ml) ndi okalamba omwe zaka zawo zimaposa zaka 60 (6.0- 35.0 mkU / ml). Kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa timadzi timeneti mumagazi kungawonetse kukhalapo kwa matenda osiyanasiyana.

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani insulin ndi yofunika?

Ntchito yayikulu yahomoniyi ndikusunga kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi. Imakonzanso kagayidwe ka mafuta ndi mapuloteni, ndikusintha michere yomwe imabwera ndi chakudya kukhala minofu yambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndi insulin yachilengedwe mthupi lathu:

• kupanga mapuloteni ofunikira kuti apange minofu,
• mulingo pakati pa kaphatikizidwe ndi mapuloteni amatero (ndiye kuti, minofu yambiri imapangidwa kuposa kuwonongeka),
• Mapangidwe a glycogen, omwe amafunikira kuwonjezera kupirira ndi kusinthanso maselo amisempha, amalimbikitsidwa,
• shuga, ma amino acid ndi potaziyamu nthawi zonse amalowa m'maselo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu zakusinthasintha kwa kuchuluka kwa timadzi ta m'magazi ndikumakoka pafupipafupi, kuchiritsa mabala pang'onopang'ono, kutopa kosalekeza, kuyabwa khungu, kusowa mphamvu komanso ludzu lalikulu. Nthawi zina izi zimabweretsa kuchuluka kwa insulin kapena, m'malo mwake, kusowa kwake, komwe nthawi zambiri kumapezeka mwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe sanaphunzire momwe angawerengere kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa.

Wotsogola kuposa insulin yokhazikika

Kuchulukana kwotalikilapo kwa inshuwaransi kumawopseza kusintha kosasintha kwazinthu zonse zofunika m'thupi. Mwazi wake wambiri ungakhale chifukwa cha:

Kukula kochulukira kwa kuchuluka kwa timadzi timeneti mumagazi kumayambitsa kutsika kwa shuga, limodzi ndi kunjenjemera, thukuta, palpitations, kugwidwa mwadzidzidzi ndi njala, nseru (makamaka pamimba yopanda kanthu), kukomoka. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulin amathanso kukhala omwe amayambitsa vutoli, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa amayenera kuwerengera mosamala mlingo wake.

Pansi pa insulin yokhazikika

Kuchuluka kwa insulin kumapangitsa kuti thupi lisagwire bwino chifukwa cha:

• mtundu 1 shuga
• kumangokhala
• wodwala matenda ashuga
• zosokoneza mu pituitary gland (hypopituitarism),
• kulimbitsa thupi kwakanthawi, kuphatikiza pamimba yopanda kanthu,
• kumwa tsiku lililonse chakudya chamafuta ambiri (zopangidwa ndi ufa oyera, shuga),
• matenda osachiritsika komanso opatsirana
• kutopa kwamanjenje.

Kuperewera kwa timadzi timeneti kumalepheretsa kuchuluka kwa glucose kulowa m'maselo, kukulitsa kuchuluka kwake m'magazi. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumadzetsa ludzu lalikulu, kuda nkhawa, kugwidwa mwadzidzidzi ndi njala, kusakwiya, komanso kuyamwa pafupipafupi. Popeza nthawi zina zizindikiro za insulin yokwera komanso yotsika m'magazi ndizofanana, kuzindikira kumachitika pofufuza magazi moyenera.

Momwe mungadziwire ngati kuchuluka kwa insulin ndi kwabwinobwino?

Nthawi zambiri, kuyesedwa komwe kumayang'ana ngati kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magulu akulu ndi amuna kumakhala koyenera kumachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu, chifukwa mutatha kudya kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumayenderana ndi kudya kwa thupi m'thupi. Lamuloli silikugwira ntchito kwa ana okha. M'magazi awo, kuchuluka kwa insulini kumakhala kosasinthika ngakhale mutadya chakudya chamtima. Kudalira kwa kuchuluka kwa timadzi timeneti pakukola kumapangidwa nthawi ya kutha.

Komanso, maola 24 musanapereke magazi kuti awunikirane, osavomerezeka kumwa mankhwala. Komabe, wodwalayo ayenera choyamba kunena zotere ndi dokotala wake.

Zowona zolondola kwambiri zimapezeka chifukwa cha kuphatikiza mitundu iwiri ya kusanthula kwa insulin: m'mawa amatenga magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, kenako amapatsa wodwalayo njira yothetsera shuga ndikupatsanso zinthuzo pambuyo pa maola awiri. Kutengera izi, ziganizo zimafotokozeredwa za kuwonjezeka / kuchepa kwa mulingo wa timadzi timeneti m'magazi. Pokhapokha motere, mutha kuwona chithunzithunzi chokwanira cha kapamba mwa amuna, akazi ndi ana. Mitundu yonseyi ya maphunziro imafuna magazi a venous.

Zochita za insulin

Insulin ndi gawo la mahomoni a polypeptide, omwe ndi ofunikira kwambiri kwa "chilengedwe chonse cha munthu". Kodi ayenera kugwira ntchito ziti?

• Amapereka ma amino acid kumaselo ogwirira ntchito. Timadzi timene timathandizira "kutsegula" khungu kuti lisasowe shuga - gwero lamphamvu.
• Amagwira nawo ntchito yomanga minofu ya minofu.
• Chifukwa cha mahomoni, potaziyamu ndi amino acid amaperekedwanso m'maselo.

Kusintha kwa magawo am'madzi mwa polypeptide iyi kumatha kukhala limodzi ndi mutu, kupweteka kwam'mimba m'mimba, kugona, komanso kudzimbidwa. Pankhani ya malamba a kapamba, kapangidwe kabwino ka insulin kamasokonezeka.

Mlingo wambiri kapena wotsika kwambiri wa insulin m'magazi ndi alarm, muyenera kumvetsetsa zifukwa ndi nthawi ndikuchita zoyenera kuti mukhale ndi thanzi lanu kwazaka zambiri.

Chikhalidwe cha kukhalapo kwa mahomoni m'magazi chimachokera ku 5.5 mpaka 10 μU / ml. Uwu ndi avareji. Pamimba yopanda kanthu, mulingo wake umachokera pa 3 mpaka 27 mcU / ml. Komabe, mwa azimayi pa nthawi yobereka, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa 6-27 μU / ml. Chowonetserachi chikuchulukanso mwa anthu okalamba.

Muyenera kudziwa: kuchuluka kwa insulin kumayeza kokha pamimba yopanda kanthu. Mukatha kudya, chizindikiro chake chimachulukirachulukira. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kotere, munthu akadya m'mawa, sizowona. Mukatha kudya, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumakula panthawi yaunyamata. Muubwana, palibe kudalira koteroko mu kupanga mahomoni.

Mwa madokotala, zimadziwikanso kuti mulingo wa 11.5 μU / ml kale ndi chizindikiro cha boma la prediabetes. Ndiye kuti, matenda a shuga omwe amapezeka amakhala.

Kodi chidzachitika ndi chiani ndi thanzi la munthu ndikadzikweza insulin? Shuga wamagazi amatha kukhala wabwinobwino kwakanthawi kochepa zotere. Kudya michere yokha kumabweretsa chakuti zikondamoyo zimayenera kusunga insulini nthawi zonse pamlingo wokwera. Koma popita nthawi, minyewa imayamba kugonjetsedwa ndi mahomoni, ndipo chimbudzi chimatulutsa zomwe zimapeza. Milingo ya insulin imayamba kugwa.

Glucose mpaka imadutsa m'magulu amafuta, glycogen (mphamvu yosagwiritsidwa ntchito) imayikidwa mu chiwindi. Shuga wamagazi samapitirira kuposa zomwe zimachitika nthawi yomweyo, mwa sabata limodzi kapena awiri. Izi zimachitika pang'onopang'ono. Kuchulukitsa kwa insulini ya mahomoni kumangokhala osavomerezeka ngati otsika. Munthu amawopsezedwa ndi matenda otsatirawa kwakanthawi:

• matenda a mtima
• Matenda a Alzheimer's
• polycystic ovary mwa akazi,
• kukanika kwa amuna,
• matenda oopsa (kuthamanga kwa magazi).

Ngati insulin yokwezeka yapezeka, ikutanthauza chiyani? Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuwundana kwa magazi sikungasungunuke, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchuluka kwa mtima kumasokonekera, ndipo sodium amasungidwa impso. Ndiye kuti, mkhalidwe waumoyo ukukula nthawi zonse.Malinga ndi kuyerekezera koyipa, chiopsezo cha kuphwanya myocardial chikuwonjezeka mwa anthuwa pafupifupi kawiri.

Zizindikiro za insulin yowonjezereka

Kuzindikira kukana insulini ndikwabwino kwambiri momwe mungathere. Ngakhale thupi silinayende ku ma pathological. Kunena ngati insulini idakulira m'magazi kapena ayi, ndikokwanira kuti adotolo afunse munthuyo ndikupeza ngati zovuta ngati izi zimamuvutitsa:

• kutopa kwambiri
• kuganizira kwambiri,
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• kulemera kumawonjezeka
• khungu lamafuta
• dandruff
• seborrhea.

Ngati zingapo mwazizindikirozi zikupezeka, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyesa magazi msanga. Ndipo ngati nthawi ndi nthawi wodwalayo amasokonezeka ndi vuto la hypoglycemia (kutsika kwa shuga, kuwonjezera apo, lakuthwa), ndiye kuti amapatsidwa zakudya zapadera. Mlingo wa shuga umasungidwa makamaka ndi yankho la shuga.

Zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa insulin. Insulinoma

Ndikofunikira kudziwa chifukwa chake insulin yamagazi imakwezedwa. Zifukwazi zimakhala zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo:

• njala yayitali
• kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri,
• mimba
• kumwa mankhwala ena
• Pali zakudya zambiri zokhala ndi shuga
• kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa chiwindi.

Komabe, nthawi zina chimayambitsa vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi kwa nthawi yayitali ndikupangitsa kuti mantha azitha. Kenako mufunika kupuma kwakanthawi komanso kukhala ndi zakudya zabwino kuti mulingo wa mahomoni ubwerere mwakale.

Komanso anomatic yotere imayambitsidwa ndi neoplasm mu kapamba, wotchedwa insulinoma. Mu khansa, misempha ya insulin imakwezedwa nthawi zonse. Ndipo insulin imakhala ndi zizindikiritso zina zowonjezereka, zowawa kwambiri.

1. Kufooka minofu.
2. Kudzanjenjemera.
3. Zowonongeka.
4. Kusokonekera kwa mawu.
5. Mutu waukulu.
6. Zingwe.
7. Njala komanso thukuta lozizira.

Zizindikiro zimawonekera makamaka m'mawa kwambiri. Khansa ya kapamba samachiritsidwa. Chotupa chimatha kuyang'aniridwa ndikuyang'aniridwa kuti zotupa zachiwiri zisachitike mu ubongo kapena chiwindi.

Momwe mungachepetse insulin?

Koma nthawi zina zimachitika kuti shuga wokwezeka wapezeka pang'onopang'ono, pomwe insulini yamagazi ikutsatira kwathunthu ndi zizindikiro zowoneka bwino. Kusanthula uku kukusonyeza kuyambika kwa matenda ashuga. Kukhazikika kwokhala ndi phokoso m'moyo kumabweretsa kulemera ndi metabolic syndrome. Amadziwika kuti endocrinologists mwa dongosolo la prediabetesic boma.

Kusavomereza kwa insulin kumatchedwa insulin. Ili ndiye gawo loyamba la metabolic syndrome. Ndi njira imeneyi yomwe imayamba pomwe zakudya zokoma kwambiri zimatengedwa, ndipo thupi limazolowera kwambiri insulin. Ndipo, ngakhale kuti kapamba amatulutsa michere yambiri ya polypeptide, shuga simalumikizidwa ndi thupi monga ayenera. Izi zimabweretsa kunenepa kwambiri. Koma nthawi zina izi zimachitika chifukwa chokana fructose pazifukwa zobadwa nazo.

Pofuna kupewa "insulin" ya insulin, muyenera kuthandiza thupi. Glucose imayenera kulowa minofu, kagayidwe kamayendetsedwa, ndipo kulemera kumabweranso kwabwinobwino. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ogonana ndiwabwino. Ndiye kuti, muyenera kupita kumasewera ndikusinthira kuzakudya zopatsa thanzi zomwe zikugwirizana ndi mawonekedwe anu komanso moyo wanu.

Wotsika insulin. Matenda a shuga

Insulin yocheperako imapangitsa shuga m'magazi kukula pang'onopang'ono. Maselo sangathe kupanga glucose yemwe amabwera ndi chakudya. Izi ndizowopsa. Kuchuluka kwa misempha ya shuga ndikosavuta kuwona. Zizindikiro zomwe zimayenderana ndi kuchepa kwa shuga ndi izi:

• kupuma pafupipafupi
• kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe
• kusowa kwa chakudya
• nthawi zina nkhawa za kusanza komanso kupweteka m'mimba.

Mulingo wochepetsetsa kwambiri wa mahomoni ofunikira otere amadziwika ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Pali njala yamphamvu.
2. Kuda nkhawa ndi nkhawa zopanda pake.
3. Ndikumva ludzu.
4. Kutentha kumadzuka ndipo thukuta limamasulidwa.

Kuphatikizidwa kwa insulini pamapeto pake kumayambitsa matenda a shuga 1.

Matendawa amatenga ana ndi achinyamata, nthawi zambiri atadwala. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer.

Matenda a shuga. Zotsatira za matenda ashuga

Popeza insulin imachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, kugwira ntchito kwa mitsempha kumasokonekera pakapita nthawi. Pambuyo pazaka 10-15 zokhala ndi shuga wambiri wamagazi, matenda a shuga amayamba. Iagawika m'mitundu ingapo: kudziyimira payokha, kotalikirana komanso kowoneka bwino. Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi zizindikiro za zotumphukira neuropathy. Izi ndi izi:

• kuchepa mphamvu kapena kupindika kwa miyendo,
• kuphwanya mgwirizano
• kutaya bwino
• kumva kugwedezeka, dzanzi komanso kupweteka m'miyendo (nthawi zambiri kumapazi).

Popewa kupititsa patsogolo kwa neuropathy, muyenera kupereka magazi pafupipafupi kuti muunikenso ndikuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga. Kusiya kusuta fodya ndi mowa ndizofunikira.

Inde, matendawa amapezekanso pazifukwa zina - kuvulala, zotsatira za poizoni, ndi zifukwa zina. Koma pafupifupi matenda a shuga omwe amapezeka, omwe amayamba pang'onopang'ono ndikuwononga pang'onopang'ono makhoma amitsempha yamagazi ndi minyewa yamitsempha, ndimomwe amachititsa neuropathy.

Zina zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda ashuga ndi glaucoma komanso matenda ena obwera. Magazi amayenderera mpaka zilonda zimapezeka m'mphepete, kenako ndikudula.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga

Malinga ndi kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga, adotolo adzalembera chithandizo chofunikira. Mu shuga, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti pakhale osakwanira pancreatic secretion (ya mtundu woyamba), ndikofunikira jakisoni insulin kawiri pa tsiku. Dokotala amafotokozanso za kusowa kwa zakudya zoyenera kudya, zomwe ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse.

Eya, matenda ashuga amtundu wachiwiri ndi zotsatira za kupsinjika ndi njira yolakwika, yosagwira ntchito, nthawi zambiri imapangitsa kuti insulini iwonjezeke. Mtunduwu umatchedwa kuti shuga yemwe amadalira insulin, umathandizidwa ndimankhwala ena. Ndikofunika kupeza masewera aliwonse omwe mumakonda ndikukonzekera zolimbitsa thupi minofu. Komabe, mulingo wa insulin umafunikanso kuwunikidwa pafupipafupi ndikupita kukakambirana ndi endocrinologist.

Chakudya cha odwala matenda ashuga

Maziko a shuga ndi zakudya. Zimatengera kuchuluka kwa insulin. Ngati insulini yamagazi ikwezedwa, zotsatirazi ziyenera kutsatiridwa.

1. Zinthu zothandiza mkaka, koma zopanda mafuta.
2. Mphete Zonse.
3. Nsomba zamafuta ochepa.
4. Mazira owiritsa, osaposa 3 ma PC. kwa masiku 7.
5. Nyama iyenera kutayidwa, makamaka mafuta a nkhumba ambiri.

M'pofunika kudya munthawi yovomerezeka. Kenako thupi pakapita nthawi limatulutsa michere yonse yofunikira yokumba m'mimba.

Ndikofunikanso kuti zigawozo ndizochepa, koma muyenera kudya kasanu kapena kasanu ndi kamodzi patsiku.

Tikudziwa kuti insulini imawonjezera shuga m'magazi, motero kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, zakudya zake zimakhala zowumitsa. Pazakudya zotere, ma calories onse ayenera kuwerengeredwa mosamalitsa kuti insulini ikhale yokwanira kusintha molekyu iliyonse ya sucrose kukhala mphamvu.

Moyo wopanda zizolowezi zoyipa ndiye njira yabwino yopewera

M'malo mwake, matenda ngati a shuga sakhala osachiritsika. Nthawi zina, kusintha kwa wodwalayo kumawonedwa. Muzochitika kuti nthawi zonse amayang'aniridwa ndi madokotala.

Koma moyenera, ngakhale kuwunika shuga pafupipafupi, matendawa amapita patsogolo ndikubweretsa chotupa cha khansa kapena kunenepa kwambiri, kufupika mtima komanso kugunda kwa mtima.

Ndikofunika kuyenda koyenda pafupipafupi, kuteteza dongosolo lanu lamanjenje kuti musapanikizike kwambiri mothandizidwa ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi komanso kusangalala ndi moyo. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zopanda mafuta ochulukirapo, popanda kudya mwachangu zidzakulitsa moyo wanu ndikupulumutsani ku matenda ambiri. Osati kokha kuchokera kuphwanya kwamankhwala a insulin.

Ntchito ya insulin mu chakudya kagayidwe

Zomwe zimachitika ndi insulin m'magazi a abambo ndi amayi athanzi zimawonetsa kuti kapamba akuwongolera ntchito zake, koma nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kupenda kusanthula shuga. Pokhapokha pazotsatira za mayeso a 2, adotolo azitha kudziwa ngati munthuyo ali ndi matenda a shuga kapena ayi, ndipo nthawi zambiri, akaganiza kuti pali shuga wambiri, mayeso awa amachitika.

Insulin ndi molekyulu ya protein yomwe imapangidwa m'matumba a kapamba. Kuphatikizika kwake kumapezeka m'maselo a beta ophatikizidwa kuzilumba za Langerhans. Insulin imakhala ndi udindo wonyamula glucose kumaselo a thupi, pomwe ikatha kugawanika, imapatsa mphamvu munthuyo. Popanda shuga, minyewa yamitsempha imayamba kufa ndi njala, pomwe munthu amayamba kuganiza zolakwika komanso chidwi chake chikukula, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuzindikira kusintha kulikonse mthupi lanu pakapita nthawi.

Malire ovomerezeka pokambirana

Kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a mkazi kumakhalabe kwabwinobwino, insulini siyenera kukhala yotsika kapena yapamwamba, ndipo mutha kudziwa kuti chidziwitso cha mahomoni ndichabwinobwino, kutengera deta iyi:

• Mwa anthu atatha zaka 60-65, zotsatira zake ziyenera kukhala kuyambira 3 mpaka 26 μU / ml,
• Mu mwana, insulin nthawi zambiri sayenera kutsika kuposa 3 ndipo pamwamba pa 19 μU / ml,
• Mwa mayi wapakati, muyezo woyesera magazi a insulin pamimba yopanda kanthu uyenera kukhala wambiri kuyambira 6 mpaka 25 μU / ml,
• Mwa anthu athanzi, chizindikiro chake chimachokera ku 3 mpaka 24 μU / ml.

Ngati zizindikiro za insulin mwa munthu wathanzi ndizabwinobwino, ndiye kuti shuga sayenera kuchuluka ndipo sapitirira 5.9 mmol / l, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kapamba amatulutsa timadzi tambiri munthawi yake. Njira yamakonzedwe a shuga amawoneka motere:

• M'maselo onse amthupi mumakhala ma receptor omwe amadziwa insulin ndipo, atapanga mahomoni, amalumikizana nawo,
• Maselo amayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi glucose, kotero shuga mothandizidwa ndi insulin imalowa mosavuta mkati mwake ndikupanga mphamvu, ndikupanga mphamvu.

Ntchito yamahomoni iyi imaphatikizanso kupangidwa kwa masitolo a glycogen m'chiwindi. Kufunika kwake kumachitika ndikuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena ngati simukudwala mokwanira. Nthawi zina mankhwala atachepetsa shuga m'magazi hypoglycemia amachitika ndipo izi zithandizira zimathandizira kuti vutoli lithe.

Zifukwa zakuchepera kapena kuchuluka

Mulingo wambiri wa insulin wokhala ndi shuga wabwinobwino kapena wamkulu, makamaka mwa mwana, amawonetsa zovuta mu kapamba, ndipo mutha kumvetsetsa tanthauzo la izi ndikupeza zomwe zimayambitsa. Kupanga kwa timadzi timeneti kumachepetsedwa, ntchito ya wotsutsana naye yotchedwa glucagon imawonjezeka. Amapangidwanso m'mapamba, koma ndimaselo a alpha omwe amapezeka pazilumba za Langerhans.

Glucagon amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa anthu. Chifukwa chake kuwonjezeka kwake kumatha kubweretsa zotsatira zosasinthika, kuphatikizapo matenda a shuga.

Madokotala amalangizira kuti ateteze mwana kapena munthu wamkulu kuti ayesedwe magazi ochepa kwambiri mwina kawiri pachaka.

Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti chifukwa chiyani mayi amakhala ndi insulin yayikulu m'magazi ake mwachisawawa kapena shuga yayikulu ndikudziwa tanthauzo la izi powerenga zifukwa izi:

• Kupsinjika kwambiri m'malingaliro ndi thupi. Mu izi, insulin yowonjezereka imawonedwa pamagazi a shuga wamba kapena otsika. Zodabwitsazi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti thupi limafunikira shuga wambiri kuti athane ndi zovuta zomwe mwakumana nazo, chifukwa chake, kupanga kwa mahomoni kumawonjezeka kwambiri,
• Tumor mu kapamba. Ngati insulini ilinso yachilendo pamakhalidwe otere, ndiye kuti izi zikutanthauza kuti khansayo idakhudza maselo a beta. Chifukwa cha chifukwa ichi, Zizindikiro zimangokhala zowoneka bwino ndipo munthu amatha kudwala matenda obwera chifukwa akayamba nthawi.

Zizindikiro za chodabwitsa monga kuchuluka kwa insulin mwa akazi m'magazi ndi motere:

• Zochita zowonjezera (kusanachitike mafuta m'masitolo a shuga),
• Thukuta kwambiri
• Kutentha pang'ono pang'ono (mpaka 38),
• Kuda nkhawa kopanda tanthauzo.

Mutha kumvetsetsa zomwe kuchuluka kwa insulin kophatikizana ndi momwe shuga imakhalira kungakhale poyesa shuga, chifukwa shuga nthawi zambiri imayambitsa vutoli.

Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni chifukwa cha matenda ashuga

Ndi matenda a shuga, insulini m'magazi imatha kuchulukitsidwa, kutsitsidwa, kapena ngakhale yabwinobwino, chifukwa zonse zimatengera mtundu wamatenda ndi njira yake:

• Mitundu yotengera insulin. Mitundu iyi ndi ya mtundu woyamba wa matenda a zamitsempha ndipo ndi yodabwitsa kwa anthu ochepera zaka 30 mpaka 35. Matendawa amakula chifukwa chakuti kufooka kwa insulin kwambiri kumachitika m'thupi, chifukwa ma cell a beta adawonongeka ndi chitetezo chawochomwe. Akatswiri amagwirizanitsa njirayi ndi matenda opatsirana ngati a virus kapena opatsirana, omwe adayambitsa vuto m'thupi lanu lodzitchinjiriza. Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga 1 amachitika kokha mwa kubayitsa mahomoni akusowa,
• Mitundu yodziyimira payekha. Ndiwo mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga ndipo umakula mwa anthu achikulire wazaka 40 chifukwa cha kusachita bwino mu kagayidwe, kunenepa kwambiri, etc. Matenda amtunduwu amakhala ndi vuto ngati insulin yomwe ili m'magazi itakwezedwa kapena kutsitsidwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kapamba sangachite bwino ntchito kapena kukana mahomoni awoawo. Njira ya mankhwala a matenda a shuga a 2 imaphatikizaponso kumwa mankhwalawa kuti muthane ndi shuga, komanso matenda oopsa nawonso insulin. Chiphuphu chidzafunikiranso mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kupanga insulin ndi mankhwala kuti azitha kusintha ma cell a thupi.

Nthawi zina shuga amatha kukhala wabwinobwino, ndipo insulin m'magazi imakwezedwa kapena kutsitsidwa pazifukwa zina, ndipo izi zitha kutanthauza kuti mzimayi amakhala ndi moyo wongokhala kapena wonenepa kwambiri. Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa vutoli, palinso njala yotalikilapo, kusokonezeka kwamitsempha yamagazi ndi matenda osachiritsika.

Njira Kuyesera

Musanayang'ane zoyenera kuchita ngati mukukayikira kuchuluka kwa insulini, muyenera kukayezetsa magazi, omwe azikhala ndi chidziwitso chonse chotsimikizika kapena chotsimikiza. Choyamba muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi. Kuyesedwa kwachangu kumachitika ndipo 5.9 mmol / L kapena mochepera imawerengedwa ngati chizindikiro wamba. Izi zimatanthawuza kuti insulini m'magazi siyotsika kuposa zomwe zimachitika ndipo imagwira ntchito yomwe yapatsidwa.

Ngati shuga molingana ndi zotsatira zoyeserera ali pamlingo kuchokera pa 6 mpaka 12 mmol / l, ndiye kuti madokotala amatcha prediabetes kukhala ndi kuphwanya kwathunthu malingaliro a mahomoni opangidwa ndi kapamba. Kusanthula kumeneku kumatanthauza kuti sizingatheke kunena motsimikiza ngati pali insulin yochuluka m'magazi chifukwa cha matenda ashuga kapena sikokwanira. Pakalepo, zilipo, koma sizikwaniritsa bwino ntchito zake chifukwa chopanga bwino kapena kukana. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuyesanso, pambuyo pake zidzadziwika kuti njira ya pathological inayambira m'thupi.

Manambala omaliza atawonetsa 12 mmol / L ndi kukwera, adotolo azidzawonetsetsa kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga, koma adzachitanso mayeso ena ochulukirapo. Pambuyo pawo, zidzadziwika kuti insulin ndi yomwe imayambitsa izi kapena ngati kuwonjezeka kwina ndi chifukwa china chowonjezera magazi.

Kuunika kapamba ndi njira yovuta. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyezetsa m'mawa komanso pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri ngati pali insulini yambiri m'magazi kapena ayi, muyenera kuchita izi:

• Kwa maola 8 mpaka 12 simungathe kudya chilichonse kuti glucose wathunthu ndi insulin isakule kwambiri pambuyo pake,
• Tsiku lisanafike mayeso, ndibwino kupuma bwino osapanikizika mwakuthupi kapena m'maganizo,
• Kwa masiku 2-3, zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi zamafuta, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana, makamaka mahomoni, siziyenera kulekedwera. Ngati izi sizingachitike, ndiye kuti muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Ndizotheka kudziwa kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi, koma zimatenga nthawi yambiri, popeza biomaterial imatengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha kuti ayambe, kenako imayikidwa mu zida zapadera zofufuzira. Zotsatira zimatengedwa nthawi yamadzulo kapena tsiku lotsatira ndipo mukazilandira muyenera kupita kuchipatala msanga.

Mlingo wa insulin m'magazi seramu

Mlingo wa insulin m'magazi a munthu wathanzi uyenera kukhala wambiri mwa 3-20 μEml. Zomwe zimachepetsedwa za timadzi timeneti zimathandizira kuti pakhale shuga. Osati kungoperewera kwa insulin, komanso kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi kumabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zingapangitse munthu kusasangalala.

Chakudya chambiri m'magawo (shuga) chikalowa m'thupi la munthu, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi kumakwera kwambiri. Uku kunali kufotokozera chifukwa chakuti kuwunika kwa insulin (kuyesa kwa insulin) kuyenera kumwedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Ndiye kodi insulini yowonjezereka imabweretsa vuto lanji mthupi ndipo chifukwa chiyani? Zimakhumudwitsa - njira zomwe glucose, wotchedwa gluconeogenesis, amapangidwira kuchokera kumapuloteni ndi mafuta, chifukwa chomwe munthu amayamba kuwonetsa zizindikiro za hypoglycemia.

Kodi hypoglycemia amawonetsedwa bwanji?

Siyanitsani pakati pa hyperinsulism yoyambira komanso yachiwiri, kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa. Kodi ndiziti zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulin iwonjezeke m'magazi? Pulayimayinso imatchedwa pancreatic, chifukwa imayambitsidwa ndi kutulutsidwa kwambiri kwa insulin ndi maselo a B kapena kumachitika chifukwa chosakwanira kupanga glucagon.

Zomwe zimayambitsa pancreatic hyperinsulinism zimaphatikizapo:

Hyperinsulinism yachiwiri imatchedwa extrapancreatic. Amapangidwa pazilonda zamanjenje, kusakwanira katulutsidwe ka mahomoni ena (corticotropin, glucocorticoids, somatotropin, catecholamines), ndikuwonjezera chidwi cha insulin receptors.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti hyperinsulinism yachiwiri ipangike:

• kukondoweza kwambiri kwa maselo a beta,
• Kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kazakudya,
• kuyamwa mwachangu kwa makabati a m'matumbo aang'ono mutapangidwa m'mimba,
• matenda a chiwindi
• zotupa zoyipa m'mimba,
• zotupa zosiyanasiyana za khansa ndi khansa,
• zosokoneza mu pituitary gland, adrenal cortex.

Pulogalamu yamachiritso

Chithandizo cha insulin yowonjezereka m'magazi ndicholinga chofuna kuchotsa chomwe chinapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwa timadzi timeneti. Mwanjira ina, ngati hyperinsulinism imayamba chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa mapangidwe a chotupa, mwina opaleshoni yambiri idzafunika kubwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa insulin.

Zovuta za hypoglycemia zitha kupewedwa. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyambitsa yankho la glucose mthupi kapena kudya maswiti. Ndi mitundu yovuta ya hyperinsulism, katswiri angadziwitse mankhwala a glucagon kapena adrenaline.

Momwe mungachepetse insulin kunyumba? Ndi kuwonjezeka kwamankhwala a insulin m'magazi, kuchita zolimbitsa thupi ndikofunikira. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandiza wodwalayo kupewa kunenepa. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kutsatira zakudya zapadera.

Ndi hyperinsulinism, zakudya zapakhomo zimalimbikitsidwa - zakudya zosachepera zisanu patsiku. Muyenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta - kuchuluka kwawo tsiku lililonse sikuyenera kupitirira 150. Pali zakudya zomwe zimayenera kutayidwa, chifukwa zimakhala ndi chakudya chamagulu (mwachitsanzo, nthochi, mphesa, mavwende). Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kuphatikiza oat ndi buckwheat, tchizi chosawoneka bwino, kefir wopanda mafuta kapena mkaka, nsomba, mazira, masamba, chinangwa ndi mitundu ina ya zipatso.

Kumbukirani kuti insulin yokwera imabweretsa:

• kuchuluka magazi,
• Imachepetsa kuthamanga kwa mitsempha, kumapangitsa magazi kulowa mu ubongo,
• kumabweretsa kukukulira pang'onopang'ono kwa makoma amitsempha yama carotid, komwe kumapangitsa kuti ataye mwayi woganiza bwino muukalamba.
• Kuti mupewe zovuta, muyenera kuzindikira vutoli munthawi yake ndikuithana nalo.

Ngati mayetso ena akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa insulin m'mwazi, kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani kwa thupi la munthu? Funso ili limafunsidwa ndi anthu ambiri, omwe amakumananso ndi vuto lofananalo. Zomwe mphamvu zazikulu za mahormone zimatanthauziridwa ndi endocrinologist, koma musanakambirane naye, ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa izi.

Mulingo wa insulin m'mwazi wa munthu umachokera pa 30 mpaka 20 mcU / ml. Insulin ndi timadzi tomwe timatulutsa kapamba. Amayang'anira kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi, amakwaniritsa kuchepetsa shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, insulin imayang'anira chiwongolero chamadyedwe atatha kudya ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Mitundu yambiri ya mahomoni imatha kubweretsa zotsatira zoyipa, chifukwa chake muyenera kuda nkhawa nthawi yomweyo ngati muwona zizindikiro zosasangalatsa.

Zizindikiro ndi zomwe zimayambitsa magwiridwe antchito

Kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi kumayambitsa zotsatirazi:

• thukuta kwambiri
• kumangokhala wotopa, kugona,
• kawirikawiri njala
• kupuma movutikira kulikonse,
• kupweteka kwa minofu
• kuyang'anira khungu nthawi zonse,
• kukokana kwa m'munsi.

Ngati munthu akuganiza kuti pali kuchuluka kwa insulini, musazengereze, ndibwino kukaonana ndi katswiri nthawi yomweyo.

Madzi owonjezera m'magazi amayamba chifukwa chazifukwa izi:

• kumwa kwambiri maswiti ndi zakudya zamafuta ambiri,
• njala kapena chakudya
• mutachita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena, chifukwa chokhala phee.
• pafupipafupi zochitika zovuta komanso zamavuto,
• onenepa kwambiri
• kusowa kwa thupi la vitamini E ndi chromium,
• matenda opatsirana
• kumwa mahomoni
• mimba
• kukhalapo kwa matenda a shuga, kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, acromegaly.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa insulin mwa akazi: kuphwanya kagayidwe kazinthu, matenda a chiwindi, kupezeka kwa zotupa m'mimba, kutayika kwa adrenal cortex, ndi zina zambiri.

Momwe mungadziwire kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi

Kuti muwone mulingo wa insulin mthupi, 2 kusanthula kumachitika:

• kusala,
• kuyeserera kwa shuga.

Kafukufuku wachiwiri ndiwakuti wodwalayo ayenera kumwa pamimba yopanda 250 ml yamadzi ndi glucose osungunuka mkati mwake. Patatha maola awiri mutayezetsa magazi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndikhale ndi zotsatira zodalirika musanayambe kuphunzira zakudya zamasiku atatu.

Mahomoni amatha kuwongoleredwa kunyumba. Chida chapadera chimapangidwira izi: glucometer. Zoyeza, monga zomwe tafotokozazi, ziyenera kuchitika pamimba yopanda kanthu. Musanagwiritse ntchito mita, muyenera kusamba manja anu bwino.

Chala chomwe magazi amatengedwa chimayenera kutenthetsedwa, chifukwa ndi chokwanira kungomukuta. Kuti malembawo asabweze ululu, muyenera kuchita osakhala pakatikati pa chala, koma kumbali. Dontho loyamba liyenera kupukutidwa ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono ka ubweya wa thonje, ndipo lachiwiri liyenera kuyikidwa pa mzere woyeserera.

Chithandizo chotsitsa insulin m'magazi

Asanapereke mankhwala aliwonse, katswiri amasankha chomwe chimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa insulin. Kenako amalembera mankhwala, chifukwa chomwe timadzi timeneti timalowa m'maselo. Kuphatikiza pa kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mufunika zakudya zapadera. Komanso, zakudya zimayenera kutengedwa katatu konse patsiku. Osamadya zakudya mochedwa masana. Ndikwabwino kugula zakudya zokhala ndi chisonyezo chotsika cha glycemic: zimatenga pang'ono pang'onopang'ono ndikuletsa kutumphuka kwakuthwa ndi shuga wamagazi ochepa.

Ngati insulin ikwezedwa, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano ziyenera kuphatikizidwa m'zakudya, ndibwino kuti mutenge mkate kuchokera ku ufa wa wholemeal, kusiya zinthu zatsopano za ufa wabwino. Kuchokera pazinthu zamkaka zopanda mkaka, ndikofunikira kusankha kefir yamafuta ochepa ndi yogati.

Musaiwale za kutenga mavitamini, chifukwa ena mwa iwo amatha kutsitsa ma insulin ambiri munthawi yochepa mwa azimayi. Izi zikuphatikiza ma calcium omwe ali ndi calcium, magnesium ndi sodium. Mutha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chiwindi cha nyama, chifukwa ilinso ndi mavitamini awa ndi michere yambiri yothandiza. Yisiti ya Brewer's ingathandize, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo sikungakhale kopanda shuga wamba. Kuti mupeze sodium, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito phala la buckwheat, uchi, walnuts. Gwero la calcium ndi mafuta a mkaka ndi nsomba.

Ice cream, chokoleti, mkaka, yogati yamafuta imachulukitsa insulin m'magazi, chifukwa chake ndibwino kupatula izi pachakudya.

Ngati zomwe zimayambitsa insulin yayikulu ndizovuta ndikugwiritsa ntchito maswiti, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyiwala za zakudya zomwe zili ndi index yayikulu ya insulini mpaka kalekale. Izi zikuphatikiza: caramel, mbatata, mkate woyera. Musaiwale zomwe kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kungayambitse (ngati mukufunadi mbatata kapena caramel wokoma).

Kuchokera zakumwa ndikwabwino kuti muzikonda makomputa (omwe alibe shuga), zakumwa za zipatso, zakumwa za rosehip ndi zakumwa zochokera zachilengedwe.

Insulin - mahomoni opanga momwe kapamba amayang'anira. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuyendetsa shuga, mafuta, ma amino acid ndi potaziyamu kupita ku maselo. Kuphatikiza apo, thunthu limawongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndipo limayang'anira kuwongolera kwa chakudya chamagulu. Zonsezi zimachitika pamene insulin m'magazi mwa akazi imakhala yofanana. Koma pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumatha kusiyanasiyana. Ndipo izi zimakhudzanso thanzi komanso thanzi.

Kodi insulin yotani m'magazi azimayi pamimba yopanda kanthu?

Kuti mupeze zambiri zodalirika, ndikofunikira kuyeza kuchuluka kwa insulin pamimba yopanda kanthu. Ngati mungafufuze mukatha kudya, zosankha zidzasokonekera. Izi zimachitika chifukwa akatha kudya kapamba amayamba kugwira ntchito ndipo amatulutsa timadzi tambiri kwambiri. Zotsatira zake - chifukwa chake, zinthu zomwe zili m'magazi zidzachulukira.

Chizolowezi cha insulin yamadzi mwa akazi chimachokera 3 mpaka 20 μU / ml. Kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa zizindikiro panthawi yapakati ndikuloledwa - monga lamulo, zimasiyana pamitundu kuyambira 6 mpaka 27 μU / ml. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu mwa anthu achikulire kumasinthanso kwakukulu. Pambuyo pa zaka 60, zimawonedwa ngati zabwinobwino ngati 6 mpaka 35 μU / ml ya mahomoni apezeka m'magazi.

Kuchuluka kwa insulini m'mwazi wa amayi kumapereka njira zofunika:

1. Chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe minofu imapanga. Imalimbikitsa kukhazikitsa kwa ribosomes omwe amapanga mapuloteni, omwe, nawonso amatenga nawo mbali pomanga minofu ya minofu.
2. Chifukwa cha insulin, maselo am'mimba amatha kugwira ntchito moyenera.
3. Thupi limalepheretsa kuchepa kwa minofu.
4. Mwanthawi yayitali, insulin mwa akazi m'thupi imawonjezera ntchito za ma enzymes omwe ali ndi vuto lopanga glycogen. Yotsirizira, ndiyo njira yayikulu yosungirako shuga.

Kukhazikika kwa insulin

Kaya insulini, kapena, osakwanira, imatha kuwonjezera shuga, kapena chifukwa chilichonse pama cell omwe sazindikira bwino ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mudziwe zomwe zimayambitsa vuto. Kupatula apo, munthu yemwe wasokonezeka ndi endocrine amayenera kuyika dongosolo lake la mahomoni, ndipo choyambirira, chinsinsi cha njira ya pathological iyenera kuthetsedwa.

Miyezi yambiri ya insulin nthawi zambiri imatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro zawo kapena atawunika. Kwambiri, anthu amakhala ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya. Mutha kukonza vutoli mwa kukonza zakudya zanu. Zakudya siziyenera kukhala ndi mafuta ambiri othamanga, chifukwa zimachulukitsa shuga. Muyenera kusankha chakudya malinga ndi glycemic index yake ndikucheperako, ndibwino.

Pochiza matenda a shuga, odwala nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa mankhwala apadera omwe amawonjezera insulin. Zotsatira zake zimakonzedweranso ndi mankhwala ena omwe amapangidwa kuti azitha kusintha ma cell kuti aziwona ngati mahomoni awo.

Mulingo wa insulin wa ana m'magazi, monga akulu, uyenera kuchitika kuti musayang'ane ndi chithandizo cha kusokonekera kwa endocrine. Kuzipewa ndizosavuta, chifukwa chifukwa chake muyenera kuchita kuyezetsa magazi kamodzi pachaka ndi kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.

Ngati amayi ali ndi apamwamba kapena otsika poyerekeza ndi insulin

Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kungasonyeze.

Insulin ndi chinthu chamafuta chomwe ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuchepetsa shuga la magazi. Ndi vuto la kuperewera kwa mahormoni, hyperglycemia imayamba (zomwe zili m'magazi zimatuluka), pomwe kuphatikiza kwake mopitilira muyeso kumawopseza kutsika kwa shuga, kapena hypoglycemia. Ganizirani zomwe zimayenera kukhala mulingo wa insulin m'mwazi wa munthu wathanzi.

Insulin ndi chinthu chama protein chomwe chimapangidwa mu kapamba. Ntchito yopanga timadzi tambiri iyi kumadalira shuga wambiri m'magazi: ndi hyperglycemia, insulin concentration imakwera, ndi hypoglycemia imatsika. Popeza insulini imalimbikitsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa glucose ndi minofu, ikakhala yochepa, maselo athupi lonse amayamba kumva mphamvu yamphamvu, zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kosiyanasiyana kwa distrophic mwa iwo, ndipo zinthu zakupha (ma ketones, etc.) zimalowa m'magazi. Komabe, kuwonjezereka kwa timadzi timeneti, komwe kumayambitsa matenda amitsempha yayikulu (mpaka kukula kwa chikomokere), sikuwopsa.

Insulin ndi matenda a shuga

Ngati pazifukwa zina maselo a pancreatic amasiya kupanga insulini mokwanira, matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba amapezeka (chifukwa chake amatchedwa insulin-depact). Mu matenda, kupanga insulin kukonzekera amaperekedwa kwa wodwala mu Mlingo kuonetsetsa khola yokhazikika yokhazikika ya shuga.

Ngati mahomoni ofunsidwawa amasungidwa mokwanira, koma zimakhala kuti sizingathenso kuchitika, matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri (osagwirizana ndi insulini) amapezeka, chifukwa mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala omwe amakhudzana ndi mayamwidwe onse a shuga m'matumbo ndi kaphatikizidwe ka "insulin" yolondola minofu yake. Ndi kukula kwa matendawa, odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga amasinthidwanso kukalandira mankhwala a insulin, popeza kupanga kwawo kwakumachepetsa kwa timadzi ta pancreas kumachepetsa.

Kudziwitsa za insulin ndende m'magazi: zikuonetsa

Kafukufukuyu amatilola kuti tiwunikire ntchito yopanga insulin ya kapamba. Kuphatikiza apo, imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira insulinomas (chotupa chochokera ku insulin-synthesizing pancreatic cell), komanso kuzindikira zomwe zimayambitsa machitidwe a hypoglycemic.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga omwe amapezeka kale, kuyezetsa kwa insulin kumachitika ngati pakufunika kusankha pakusintha kwa wodwala kupita ku insulin (mwachitsanzo, pakalibe zovuta za mankhwala ochepetsa shuga). Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufukuyu akhoza kuchitika ngati gawo lowunika kwathunthu kwa odwala omwe ali ndi metabolic syndrome ndi ovary ya polycystic.

Insulin: Magazi abwinobwino

Mchitidwe wamagazi a mahomoni omwe amafunsidwa ndi 3.0 - 25.0 μU / ml, koma pokhapokha ngati wodwalayo adatsata bwino malamulo okonzekera phunziroli (kuwunikiridwa kuyenera kutengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, popeza glucose amalowetsedwa m'magazi atatha kudya, motero, kuchuluka kwa hypoglycemic kumawonjezeka) mahomoni). Zokhudzana ndi zomwe zimakhazikika mu gawo la anthu ophunzitsidwa mosiyanasiyana, ndiye kuti mwa achikulire ndi mwa ana mfundo izi ndizofanana.

Koma mwa amayi omwe ali ndi udindo, kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa insulin kumatheka.Ngati nthawi yomweyo mayi woyembekezerayo alibe mavuto azaumoyo ndipo ali ndi magawo ena a carbohydrate metabolism (shuga m'magazi a capillary, mayeso a kulolerana kwa glucose) mwadongosolo, izi zimawonedwa ndi madokotala monga chosiyana ndi chizolowezi.

Hormone yotsitsa wowerengeka azitsamba

Njira imodzi yothanirana ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chimanga. Iyenera kutenga 0,5 tbsp. Ziwisi zosaneneka ndi kutsanulira 1 tbsp. madzi ozizira, kenako ikani chidebecho pamoto wosakwiya ndi kupitilira kuwirikiza, ndiye kuti muchotsere pachitofu ndi kunena kwa theka la ola. Pambuyo pa nthawi yomwe yatchulidwa, mankhwalawo adzakhala okonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito. Iyenera kumwa theka la ola musanadye, 100 ml, osachepera 2 pa tsiku.

Mutha kukonzekera bwino decoction malinga ndi yisiti. Muyenera kutenga 100 g ya yisiti yowuma ndikuwatsanulira 2 tbsp. madzi otentha, tsimikizirani kwa theka la ola. Gwiritsani ntchito mukatha kudya.

Mbewu za mpendadzuwa zimathandizira kuchepetsa insulin. Zimatenga 250 g ya mbewu zosaphika. Afunika kuthira 3 malita a madzi otentha ndikuumirira kwa maola osachepera 12. Tengani m'malo mwa tiyi kapena khofi masiku 7.

Sinamoni wouma amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutsitsa shuga m'magazi. Ndikokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito 1 tsp. zopangira tsiku ndi tsiku.

Mitengo yambiri ya insulini imatha kutsitsidwa ndi adyo. Muyenera kuwaza adyo kukhala chosakanizira cha phala ndikuthira ndi 1 lita imodzi ya vinyo wofiira, sakanizani bwino. Limbani zosakaniza zotsalazo mudzafuna masabata awiri m'malo ovuta komanso ozizira. Musaiwale kuti kapangidwe kake kamayenera kugwedezeka nthawi ndi nthawi kuti pasakhale mitundu iliyonse. Pambuyo pa nthawi yomwe yatchulidwa, mankhwalawo ayenera kusefedwa ndikuledzera 2 tbsp. l musanadye.

Ngati zizindikiro za insulin yowonjezereka zilipo, ndiye kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito adyo limodzi ndi mandimu. Kuti muchite izi, tsanulira mandimu atsopano mugalasi. Kenako tengani mutu 1 wa adyo wokulira wamkati, kuwaza ndi grater wabwino. Pambuyo pake, tengani mandimu omwe msuziwo unalandila ndikuwuthira ndi madzi okwanira 1 litre. Valani moto wochepa kwa mphindi 15, ndi kuwonjezera gruel kwa iwo. Chidacho chikazirala, chikhazikeni ndikuthira mandimu. Mankhwalawa ndi osakaniza amatha masiku 30. Tengani zikhale 1 tbsp. l Mphindi 15 asanadye.

Zolemba za mahomoni ndi gawo lake m'thupi

Kupanga kwa insulin kumapangidwa ndi kapamba kuti abweretse kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi la munthu.

Hemeni ya insulin imapangidwa ndi maselo a pancreatic beta.

Hormone ya polypeptide iyi ndiyofunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe.

Zogwira ntchito zake zimaphatikizapo:

• kupatsidwa kwa amino acid ndi potaziyamu kumaselo amthupi.
• kutenga nawo mbali njira yowonjezera minofu.
• chimatumiza shuga obwera kuchokera ku madzi a m'magazi kupita ku maselo ndi minofu ya thupi.
• zimathandizira kukonza ndi kuwongolera kagayidwe kazachilengedwe.
• amatenga gawo limodzi pakupanga mapuloteni ndi lipid metabolism.

Nthawi zambiri, insulini ya mahomoni iyenera kukhala mu thupi la munthu pamlingo kuyambira 3 mpaka 20 μU / ml. Kuti mupeze zambiri zolondola, kafukufuku wofufuzira amachitika mu mawonekedwe a kusanthula kwa madzi am'magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Ngati njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito masana, Zizindikirozo sizingakhale zolondola, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa makamaka ndi zakudya. Amadziwika kuti akadya chakudya, pamakhala kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a plasma, chifukwa chomwe chitsulo chimayamba kupanga mahomoni kuti azitha kuyendetsa shuga omwe akubwera.

Mwana alibe zotere, ana amatha kuwunikira nthawi iliyonse. Kuwonjezeka kwa insulin yamagazi kumayamba kuonekera mwa achinyamata, omwe amakhudzana makamaka ndi kutha msinkhu.

Kupenda kuchuluka kwa mahomoni omwe amapangidwa amafunikira kuti ayesetse momwe magwiridwe am'mimba amapangidwira.Kupatuka pamlingo wabwinobwino kumatha kuwonetsa ndikulankhula za kukhalapo kwa matenda kapena zovuta zina pakugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo zamkati ndi machitidwe a thupi la munthu. Nthawi yomweyo, mosasamala kanthu pakupanga ma insulin, zomwe siziyenera kukhala zochepa kapena zapamwamba kuposa zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa. Zambiri zopanda pake zimawonetsa kuchepa komanso kuchuluka kwa ma insulin.

Mu labotale, munthu amatha kuchita chimodzi mwazoyesa kuti adziwe komanso kupezeka kwa zopatuka:

1. Kuyesa kwa magazi kuchokera mu mtsempha kapena chala.
2. Kuleza mtima poyeserera.
3. Kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi - kusanthula kwa hemoglobin wa glycated.

Kafukufuku waposachedwa ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yofufuzira, popeza sizitengera moyo wa wodwala.

Zifukwa zosamukira kuzidziwitso zokhazikika

Zinthu zosiyanasiyana komanso moyo wa munthu umapatsa plulin ya insulin yambiri.

Kuchuluka kwa insulini m'thupi kungayambitse matenda osiyanasiyana.

Chimodzi mwazifukwa zakuchuluka kwa insulin mthupi limatha kukhala pancreatic hypersecretion.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulin iwonjezeke m'magazi ndizomwe zimawonetsa zotsatirazi:

1. Munthu amadya maswiti ambiri komanso zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta osavuta. Ndi chakudya chopanda malire chomwe nthawi zambiri chimayamba chifukwa cha kapamba yemwe amapanga insulin yambiri.
2. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulin iwonjezeke ingaphatikizepo kutsatira zakudya zowonjezera, kumenyedwa kwanthaŵi yayitali.
3. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri.
4. Mankhwala ena omwe anthu amamwa, kuphatikizapo mapiritsi olengeza bwino, ndi mapiritsi azakudya.
5. Kutopa kwakam'mutu, zochitika zodetsa nkhawa sizimangopangitsa kuti insulin m'magazi iwonjezeke, komanso amathanso kuyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo matenda ashuga.
6. Kulemera kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri kumathandizira kuti muchepetse kuyamwa koyenera kwa mafuta komanso kusungidwa kwa zakudya zamagulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikondamoyo zizigwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso, zimapangitsa magazi kulowa.
7. Mwa akazi nthawi yoyembekezera.
8. Zovuta pakugwira ntchito kwa pituitary ndi adrenal cortex.
9. Njira zina za pathological zomwe zimachitika m'chiwindi.
10. Kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi kungasonyeze kuchuluka kosakwanira kwa kufufuza zinthu ndi mavitamini m'thupi. Choyamba, izi zimagwira pa vitamini E ndi chromium.

Njira zina za m'magazi ndi zotupa zimatha kupitilira zizindikiritso za mahomoni. Nthawi zambiri, insulin imachulukitsidwa ndikukhazikika kwa ma pathologies osiyanasiyana a impso ndi adrenal glands, mawonekedwe a neoplasms mu ziwalo zam'mimba, komanso zotsatira za matenda osiyanasiyana.

Dziwani kuti ngati matenda monga matenda a shuga awonekera, mwina akhoza kukhala ndi insulini m'mwazi. Vutoli limapezeka m'magulu azachipatala lodziwika kuti kukana insulini - njira yomwe kumachepetsa chidwi cha mahomoni pamaselo a ma cell, chifukwa chomwe kapamba amayenera kutulutsa zochuluka kwambiri.

Zizindikiro ndi mawonekedwe a insulin yowonjezereka m'magazi

Nthawi zambiri kuwonetsedwa kwa zizindikiro mumagawo ake oyamba, munthu amatha kunena za kupezeka kwa kupsinjika ndi mikangano yosalekeza kunyumba kapena kuntchito. Choyamba, zizindikiro zotere zimaphatikizapo kufooka kwa thupi, kutopa ndi kuchepa mphamvu. Kuphatikiza apo, zovuta zovuta kukumbukira zambiri zazidziwitso zimayamba kuwoneka, kulephera kwakukhazikika.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti zizindikiro zowoneka za kuchuluka kwa mahomoni zimatha kukhala mu mawonekedwe a kugwidwa kwa minofu yam'munsi, kuchuluka kwa thukuta, komanso kuvuta kupuma.Mphamvu ya kupuma imayankha insulin yochuluka kwambiri ngati yapumira pang'ono, yomwe imachitika ngakhale pang'ono.

Muyeneranso kuyang'anira chidwi chowonjezeka, chifukwa ngati insulin iwonjezereka, pamakhala njala yokhazikika.

Nthawi zina mavuto osiyanasiyana akhungu amatha. Izi, monga lamulo, zimadziwonetsera ngati mawonekedwe totupa pakhungu, redness kapena kuwoneka mabala omwe ndiovuta kuchiritsa.

Mochulukirapo, zizindikiro za kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi zitha kuwoneka ngati kusokonezeka kwa tulo kapena mavuto ndi impso.

Zizindikiro zilizonse zowonjezera za insulin ziyenera kukhala chifukwa chochezera katswiri wa zamankhwala ndikuwunika. Mu magawo oyambilira awonetsero wawo, ndizotheka kuti muchepetse kukula kwa matenda osiyanasiyana ndi kusokonezeka mu ntchito ya ziwalo zambiri zamkati ndi machitidwe.

Chithandizo chowonjezeka cha insulin m'magazi chiyenera kuyikidwa ndi dokotala, chifukwa cha zomwe zimayambitsa kupatuka.

Zovuta zomwe zingachitike mthupi

Kuchuluka kwa insulini kumatha kubweretsa zotsatirapo zosiyanasiyana zoyipa ndi zovuta m'mthupi.

Matendawa amatha, ndikuwonetseredwa kwa nthawi yayitali, angayambitse matenda akulu kwambiri.

Choopsa chachikulu ndikuwonjezereka kwake, komwe kumayamba chifukwa cha chiwonetsero cha insulin.

Pankhaniyi, chiwopsezo cha zovuta zotsatirazi zaumoyo chikukula:

1. Kusintha kwa glucose kukhala mafuta m'thupi kumathandizira. Ndiye kuti, shuga omwe akubwera sasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu, momwe ziyenera kukhalira ndi zodziwika bwino za mahomoni. Zotsatira zake, mwayi wambiri kunenepa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri kumakulanso.
2. Zotsatira zoyipa pamitsempha yamagazi ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, komwe kumayambitsa matenda oopsa komanso matenda ena a mtima.
3. Ndi magwiridwe antchito a thupi, glucose onse obwera motsogozedwa ndi insulin amagawidwa m'maselo ndi minyewa yonse. Ngati pali insulin resistance syndrome, kaphatikizidwe ka glucose kamasokonekera, komwe kumapangitsa kuti magazi ake azikhala ochepa komanso omwe amayambitsa matenda ashuga. Kuphatikiza apo, kuphwanya malamulo kumeneku kumakhudza ntchito ya chiwindi, zomwe zimachulukitsa katunduyo pa chiwalo.
4. Ndi kuchuluka kwa insulini, kuphwanya shuga wa mtima ndi minofu ya mtima ndikotheka, komwe nthawi zambiri kumadziwonetsera ngati matenda a ischemic.

Kuphatikiza apo, kukula kwa insulin kukana kumatha kuwononga ubongo ndikuwongolera kukula kwa ma process a neurodegenerative.

About insulin

Chifukwa chake, insulin ndi amodzi mwa mahomoni amenewo omwe amayang'anira kuwongolera njira zonse mthupi la munthu aliyense. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi iye amene "amachititsa" kagayidwe kazakudya zamapuloteni ndi mafuta - monga zikuwonekera ndi magazi glucose mita imodzi kukhudza . Komabe, ntchito yake yayikulu ndikusunga shuga wamwazi pamalo oyenera. Izi, zimapereka mphamvu yokwanira posinthana mwazotheka.

Mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa insulin mwa munthu wokhala ndi thanzi labwinobwino ndi:

• mwa ana - kuyambira 3.0 mpaka 20,0 μU pa ml,
• Akuluakulu - kuyambira 3.0 mpaka 25.0 μU pa ml (wotsimikizika bwino ndi glucometer bionime ),
• mwa anthu achikulire kuposa zaka 60 - kuyambira 6.0 mpaka 35.0 mcU pa ml. Zizindikiro zonse zomwe zaperekedwa zikuwonetsa zodziwika.

Mofananamo, zomwe zikuwonetsa zikupezeka zambiri kapena zochepa, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi katswiri kuti mupeze zomwe zimayambitsa izi. Makamaka, ngati zikuwoneka kuti insulini yowonjezereka, koma shuga, monga momwe mayesowa akuwonetsera, ndizabwino, monga zikuwonekeranso Accu Chek .

Za kukweza

Mlingo wokwera kwambiri wa mahomoni omwe amaperekedwa m'magazi ukhoza kukhala umboni wowonekeratu wa zovuta zambiri zaumoyo. Choyamba, tikulankhula za matenda ashuga a gulu lachiwiri. Kupatuka komwe kunaperekedwa, komwe shuga ndiwokwera kwambiri kapena kupezeka pang'ono, komwe kumavuta kugwiritsa ntchito Zoyendera magalimoto.

Komanso, chiwonetserochi chimatha kunena za matenda osokoneza bongo monga matenda a Cushing. Zosowa kokwanira, komabe pali mawonekedwe monga acromegaly. Amawonetsedwa mu chiwopsezo chofunikira kwambiri cha kukula kwa mahomoni. Pankhaniyi, shuga wamagazi ndimakhala abwinobwino, koma insulin imachulukitsidwa kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, vuto lomwe limaperekedwa mthupi la munthu ndi umboni wa matenda ena omwe amafanana mwachindunji ndi chiwindi. Kuwonetsera uku kuyenera kuonedwa ngati chizindikiro chachikulu cha insulinoma, ndiko kuti, chotupa chomwe chimatulutsa insulin. Ndi chifukwa ichi kuti insulin nthawi zambiri imachulukitsidwa, koma shuga amakhalanso wabwinobwino.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndi shuga omwe waperekedwa, chiopsezo chotchedwa dystrophic myotonia, chomwe ndi matenda a neuromuscular, ndiwokwera kwambiri.

Poganizira chilengedwe komanso kuvuta kwa njirayi, ikhoza kuwonetsa gawo loyambirira la kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa gawo lirilonse la maselo ku mahomoni ndi ma carbohydrate.

Insulin yowonjezereka imatha kupezeka bwino m'magazi a amayi apakati, omwe amapezeka ngakhale koyambirira kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, kuwonjezeraku kuyenera kuganiziridwa monga kuyankha kwa munthu ku dziko latsopano malinga ndi chilengedwe.

Ndikofunikanso kuganizira kuti kupatuka kwina kulikonse kwa insulin mwa akazi kupita kumtunda ndi chizindikiro cha matenda monga polycystic ovary. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikuwoneka kwa izi, pomwe mafuta am'mimbamo mwachidziwikire amawonjezeka.

Komabe, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti matenda aliwonse omwe afotokozedwa pano ndi mtundu wokhazikika womwe ungayimitsidwe ndikuthandizira kwachipatala kwakanthawi. Mwanjira imeneyi ndi pomwe pokhazikitsa bata ndi insulini ngati chimodzi mwazomwe zikuwonetsedwa chikuwonjezereka. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuzindikira zomwe kuchepetsa kapena njira zowonongera insulin ndi shuga zinganene.

Potsitsa mtengo

Chisamaliro makamaka chiyenera kuperekedwanso kuchepa kwakanthawi kapena mwadzidzidzi, chifukwa chitha kukhala umboni wachidziwitso cha zomwe zikuyambira:

1. matenda a shuga a gulu loyamba,
2. shuga achinyamata
3. wodwala matenda ashuga
4. hypopituitarism (matenda omwe amagwirizana mwachindunji ndi zosokoneza zamtundu uliwonse pakugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa pituitary gland).

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kupangitsa kuchepa kwa insulin.

Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha kwa mtundu uliwonse pamlingo womwe insulin iwonetsa ikhoza kukhalanso umboni wa zovuta mu kapamba, chifukwa amayang'ana mwachangu pakupanga kwa mahomoni omwe aperekedwa.

Pankhaniyi, shuga amathanso kuwonjezeka.

Kwa omwewa omwe ali pachiwopsezo choyamba chofufuza matendawa ndikuzindikiritsa mtundu wa matenda ashuga, ndikuwunika insulin ndi mulingo wake zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale njira zabwino komanso zomvekera bwino zamankhwala amtsogolo.

Za kukhala bwino

Ndikofunikanso kudziimira payekha ngati, pakadali pano, osati shuga komanso insulin. Umboni wodalirika wa izi, inde, kuwonjezera pakupenda, ndizizindikiro zomwe zimatumizidwa ndi thupi. Kusintha kulikonse kwa chiŵerengero cha mahomoni mwachangu kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.Ndili ndi ndime iyi kuti zomverera za yemwe mahomoni ake amapita kupitilira malire anthawi zonse amalumikizidwa.

Umboni wakupatuka kwa insulin kuchokera munthawi zambiri, ndikumverera kwa ludzu, kuyimitsidwa pakhungu pakhungu, kukodza pafupipafupi, komanso kuchuluka kwa kutopa ndi kuperewera. Nthawi ina, tikulankhula za kuchiritsidwa kovutirapo kwambiri, kopweteka pang'ono kapena pang'ono.

Pankhani yakuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa chiŵerengero cha insulin, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatsikiranso mwachangu. Kuphatikiza pa zizindikiro zomwe zaperekedwa, pankhaniyi, zimathanso kudziwonetsa:

• zosowa mwadzidzidzi koma zamphamvu za njala,
• kunjenjemera kwambiri
• kukomoka kwa mtima, komanso tachycardia,
• kutuluka thukuta kwambiri
• chizolowezi chokhumudwitsa, komanso chomwe chimadzuka modzidzimutsa.

Zonsezi zikusonyeza kuti shuga kapena insulini imakwezedwa kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kulowera kuchipatala ndikofunikira.

Zokhudza ngozi

Chiwerengero chowonjezeka cha insulin chimakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu ku thanzi la munthu aliyense. Chifukwa, choyambirira, zimathandizira kupanga mapangidwe oopsa oopsa, omwe amakhudza kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa mitsempha. Mothandizirana ndi izi, chiopsezo cha matenda amtima wabwino kwambiri. Ndi insulin yomwe imakhudza bwino makulidwe a makhoma ndi maselo amitsempha yama carotid, ndipo chifukwa cha izi pamakhala kuphwanya magazi abwinobwino kupita ku ubongo. Zinthu ngati izi zitha kuchititsa kuti munthu asamaganize bwino komanso kufulumira kuganiza. Monga lamulo, tikulankhula za zaka zakubadwa zopitilira 60 - ndi mu m'badwo uno momwe zovuta zambiri zothandizira zimawonekera.

Kuphatikiza apo, aliyense akudziwa bwino kuti kuchuluka kwa insulin komanso kusinthasintha kwake kumapangitsa kuti pakhale mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga. Matendawa amasokoneza kugwira ntchito kwa pafupifupi thupi lonse.

Izi zikuwonetsetsa kuti popeza mavuto osiyanasiyana, zitheka kuchitapo kanthu, osalola kuti pakhale zovuta zina. Chifukwa chake, zochitika zilizonse zakusintha kwa shuga m'magazi ziyenera kufufuzidwa ndikuthandizidwa moyenera. Izi ndizowona makamaka ngati insulin imakulitsidwa kwambiri kapena pang'ono, koma shuga amakhalabe wokhazikika. Izi sizachilendo, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kulumikizana ndi katswiri.

Njira yotereyi imatsimikizira kusungidwa kwa machitidwe onse amoyo pamlingo wambiri, mogwirizana ndi momwe ndikofunikira kwambiri kukumbukira nthawi zonse ndikukonzekera mulingo wa shuga wokha, komanso insulin m'thupi la munthu.

Kodi kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi kunganene chiyani?

• About matenda a shuga a 2
• About Cushing's Syndrome,
• About acromegaly (kuchuluka kwamafuta amakulidwe),
• Zokhudza matenda ena a chiwindi,
• About insulinoma (chotupa chopanga insulin),
• About dystrophic myotonia (neuromuscular matenda),
• Kunenepa kwambiri
• About kuphwanya kukana kwa maselo insulin ndi chakudya.

Kuchuluka kwa insulin kumatha kupezeka m'magazi a mayi wapakati. Nthawi zambiri, kuwonjezeka kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa cha momwe thupi limachitikira munyengo yachilengedwe ndipo sizachilendo.

Kupatuka ku chizolowezi cha insulin mwa akazi kupita kumbali yayikulu kungakhale chizindikiro cha ovary. Izi zimachitika makamaka ngati mafuta osungidwa m'mimba akuwonjezeka.

Kodi kuchuluka kwa insulin kwamwazi kungatanthauze chiyani?

• About matenda amtundu 1 shuga
• About achinyamata matenda ashuga
• Pafupifupi matenda ashuga
• About hypopituitarism (matenda ogwirizana ndi mkodzo wa pituitary gland).

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse kuchepa kwa insulin.

Kusintha kwina kulikonse kwamankhwala a insulini kungathenso kuwonetsa zovuta mu kapamba, chifukwa zimakhudza kapangidwe ka timadzi totere.

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga pamlingo wodziwitsa matendawa ndi kudziwa mtundu wa matenda ashuga, kusanthula kwa insulin kumakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi njira zoyenera zamankhwala.

Kodi kupatuka kwa insulin yachilendo kumakhudza bwanji moyo wanga?

Kusintha kwamankhwala a insulin nthawi yomweyo kumakhudza shuga. Ndi izi pomwe zotengera za munthu yemwe insulin yake imadutsa kuposa momwe zimagwirizanirana.

Umboni wa insulin yachilendo:

• W ludzu
• Kutentha kwa khungu,
• Nthawi zambiri ndimapita kuchimbudzi,
• Kutopa, ulesi,
• Kuvulala kwamabala ambiri.

Ndikachulukira kowopsa kwamapulogalamu a insulin, shuga nawonso adzatsika kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pazizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambazi, zitha kukhalabe:

• Kugwa kwadzidzidzi kwanjala
• Kudzanjenjemera
• Kusweka mtima
• Kutukwana
• Kukhumudwitsa.

Kodi insulin imadziwika bwanji?

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa insulin kumachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu, chifukwa mukatha kudya, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumawonjezeka mofulumira. Amapangidwa ndi kapamba poyankha maonekedwe a mafuta m'thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala tsiku lisanafike mayeso. Inde, izi zimachitika pothandizidwa ndi adokotala. Magazi a Venous amatengedwa kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa insulin. Pali njira zingapo zochitira kusanthula uku.

Chifukwa chiyani kupatuka pamsana wabwinobwino wa insulin?

Kuchuluka kwa insulini kumapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala ochepa, amachepetsa mphamvu ya mitsempha. Poterepa, chiwopsezo cha matenda amtima chambiri chikuchulukirachulukira. Insulin imathandizira kukhazikika m'makoma amitsempha yama carotid, yomwe imasokoneza magazi enieni kupita ku ubongo. Zinthu ngati izi zitha kuchititsa kuti tisamaganizire bwino tikakalamba.

Kuchuluka kwa insulini nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa matenda a shuga 1. Matendawa amasokoneza ntchito pafupifupi thupi lonse.

Ngati mukukayikira zamagulu a shuga ndi insulin m'thupi, ndibwino kumayesedwa. Kenako, mavuto akadziwika, angathe kuchitapo kanthu kuti muchepetse zovuta zazikulu.

Mitundu ya insulini ndipo imapezeka bwanji?

Mwa munthu wathanzi, kusanthula ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin kuyambira 3 mpaka 20 mcU / ml ndizodziwika kuti ndizabwinobwino, ndipo kusinthasintha pang'ono kwa chizindikirochi kumaloledwa. Musaiwale kuti kuwunika kwa thunthu la zinthu m'magazi kumachitika kokha pamimba yopanda kanthu. Izi ndizofunikira kuti azindikire molondola zovuta za mthupi. Mukatha kudya, kapamba amayamba kupanga mwachangu mankhwala a insulin chifukwa chake zomwe zili m'magazi zizikhala zapamwamba kwambiri kuposa masiku onse.

Ngati tikulankhula za ana, makamaka ana aang'ono, ndiye kuti lamuloli siligwira ntchito kwa ana. Pangoyambira kutha msinkhu pomwe insulin yawo imadalira chakudya.

Ngati insulini yanu imakhala yachilendo

Pali nthawi zina pamene kusanthula kukuwonetsa kuti mulingo wa insulin m'mwazi wa munthu nthawi zonse umakhala pamwamba pa mulingo woyenera. Zinthu zoterezi zimatha kukhala chifukwa choyambitsa kukula kwa ma pathologies osasinthika. Kusintha kumeneku kumakhudza machitidwe onse ofunikira a akulu ndi ana omwe.

Zinthu zotsatirazi zingayambitse insulin m'magazi:

• kuchita zolimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu thupi, makamaka azimayi,
• zochitika zopsinja nthawi zonse
• matenda ashuga a 2 nthawi zonse amatsogolera kuti kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi kumakwera,
• kuchuluka kwamafuta amakulidwe (acromegaly),
• kunenepa kwa magawo osiyanasiyana,
• polycystic ovary mwa akazi,
• Cushing's syndrome
• dystrophic myotonia (neuromuscular matenda),
• kuwona kwa insulini komanso zakudya zamagulu,
• pancreatic insulinoma, Zizindikiro za chotupacho ziwonekera bwino,
• matenda oopsa a kapamba, monga ma neoplasms kapena khansa ya chiwalo,
• kusokonezeka kwa pituitary gland.

Ngati kuwunika kukuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa insulin kumayambitsa kuthamanga kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndiye kuti mumikhalidwe yotere imayamba: thukuta, miyendo, kunjenjemera, kugunda kwamtima, kukomoka, nseru, komanso njala yosagonjetseka.

Cholinga cha izi ndikuwonjezeranso bongo wa insulin. Ichi ndichifukwa chake onse omwe amagwiritsa ntchito timadzi timeneti pa chithandizo amakakamizidwa kuisamalira mosamala momwe angathere, kuwerengetsa bwino kuchuluka kwa jekeseni aliyense, ndikupereka kuyesedwa kwa timadzi tating'onoting'ono munthawi yake.

Ngati misempha ya insulin ndi yotsika

Nthawi zina pamene kuwunikira kukuwonetsa kuti insulin ndi yotsika komanso ndiyosavomerezeka, tiyenera kulankhula za malo awa:

• kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga amtundu 1
• moyo wongokhala
• kuyanʻanila magwiridwe antchito a pituitary gland,
• wodwala matenda ashuga
• kutopa kwamthupi,
• Matenda opatsirana oyenda kwamtundu wawo,
• kumwa kwambiri mafuta oyera,
• kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwanthawi yayitali, makamaka pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Insulin yotsika imatha kukhala cholepheretsa kudya shuga m'maselo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikhala ndi chidwi chambiri. Zotsatira zake zimachitika ndikumwa ludzu kwambiri, kuda nkhawa, kulakalaka kwambiri kudya chakudya, kusakwiya kwambiri, komanso kuyamwa pafupipafupi.

Zizindikiro zofananazi zimatha kukhalanso pamaso pa matenda ena, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti mukayezetsa mayeso apadera azachipatala, chekeni. chizolowezi chomanga shuga shuga.

Momwe mungadziwire chizindikiro chanu cha kuchuluka kwa insulin?

Kuti mupeze zotsatira zoyenera, ndikofunikira kuti mupimidwe, makamaka, kuti mupereke magazi kuchokera kumitsempha ya ulnar pakuwunika mwachangu. Izi zimachitika asanadye, chifukwa akatha kudya zikondamoyo zimayamba ntchito yake ndikuwonetsa deta yolakwika.

Tisaiwale kuti patatsala tsiku limodzi kuti magazi aperekedwe, timalimbikitsidwa kuti tisamwe mankhwala aliwonse, koma mfundoyi ikhoza kutsutsidwa, chifukwa nthawi zina matendawa samapereka kukana popanda zovuta m'thupi la wodwalayo.

Zowona zolondola kwambiri zitha kupezeka ndikuphatikiza mitundu iwiri yoyesera ya magazi molingana ndi insulin yomwe ilimo. Ndi za kupereka magazi musanadye, pamimba yopanda kanthu, kenako ndikubwereza zomwezo, koma patatha maola awiri mutatha kudya njira ya glucose ya ndende ina. Kutengera zotsatira zomwe zapezeka kale, lingaliro lingafotokozedwe za insulin m'magazi a munthu. Pakungotenga magazi a venous malinga ndi chiwembuchi ndizotheka kumveketsa chithunzi chonse cha kugwira ntchito kwa kapamba.