Cholesterol mayamwidwe zoletsa: kodi mankhwala amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Ezetimibe–mankhwala omwe amasokoneza mayamwidwe a cholesterol m'matumbo. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa ezetimibe kumayendera limodzi ndi kuchepa kwa cholesterol mu plasma osaposa 15 - 20%. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito limodzi ndi ma statins kumayendera limodzi ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa chithandizo. Zotsatira za kafukufuku wazachipatala zawonetsa kuti chithandizo chophatikizidwa ndi simvastatin ndi ezetimibe (10 mg iliyonse) chimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ya LDL kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa monotherapy yokhala ndi simvastatin pa mlingo wa 40 mg. Popeza ezetimibe ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi mtundu uliwonse wa ma statins, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumawonetsedwa makamaka kwa odwala omwe sangathe kulekerera kuchuluka kwa ma statins.

Zoyipa: ezetimibe chithandizo sichikulimbikitsidwa kwa ana, komanso omwe amatenga cyclosporine, colestyramine komanso akuwonjezeka mu ntchito ya chiwindi michere ndi CPK.

Nicotinic acid- lipid-kutsitsa, anti-atherosulinotic mankhwala ndi zovuta pa zikuluzikulu za atherogenesis. Niacin amakhala ndi ma lipids onse amwazi. Muzochita zamankhwala, kukonza matenda a lipid metabolism, onse a nicotinic acid (niacin) pawokha komanso zotumphukira zake (acipimox) ndi mitundu yotulutsidwa yotulutsa (enduracin) imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mitundu ya kuchepetsedwa kutulutsidwa kwa nikotini acid imalekeredwa bwino, koma osakhala ndi lipid-kuchepetsa ntchito.

Chithandizo enduracin kuyamba ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa mlingo wa 500 mg 1 nthawi tsiku lililonse mukatha kudya, pambuyo pa sabata limodzi amasintha kupita ku enduracin 2 kawiri pa tsiku, kuyambira 3nd sabata enduracin amatengedwa 500 mg katatu patsiku (1500 mg / tsiku).

Zotsatira zoyipa zimawonetsedwa ndi redness ndi kuyabwa kwa khungu, kumva kutentha ndi kutentha kwa moto, m'mimba kukhumudwa, kuchuluka kwa magazi, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, uric acid ndi ntchito ya michere ya chiwindi.

Contraindication a nicotinic acid mwa odwala chironda chachikulu, mbiri ya m'mimba magazi, matenda a shuga, gout, ndi matenda oopsa a chiwindi. Asidi wa Nikotinic samalimbikitsidwa kwa amayi apakati komanso oyamwitsa, ayenera kuthandizidwa mosamala kwa omwe amamwa mowa, odwala omwe ali ndi vuto losakhazikika la angina pectoris, MI wolandila amalandila nitrate, olimbana ndi calcium, ß–adrenoblockers, ma statins.

Kuti muchepetse mavuto, tikulimbikitsidwa: kuyamba mankhwalawa ndi milingo yaying'ono ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono, mugwiritsire ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa mphindi 30 musanamwe mankhwalawa, kumwa nicotinic acid kokha ndi zakudya, musamamwe asidi wa nikotini ndi zakumwa zotentha, mowa, yambani mankhwala osokoneza bongo osakhalitsa.

Pakadali pano, gulu lopangidwa ndi 1000 mg ya nicotinic acid ndi laripiprant, mankhwala omwe amachotsa zotsatira zoyipa za nicotinic acid, adalembetsedwa ku Russian Federation.

Omwe amachokera ma bile acid (ma ion amasinthana)

Ma Xecvestrants a bile acids (FFA) ndi awa: colestyramine, colestipol, okonda magudumu.

Njira yamachitidwe FFA ndikumanga kwa bile acid mu lumen wamatumbo ang'onoang'ono, omwe amalepheretsa kuyambiranso kwawo ndikuwonjezera kutuluka kwawo kwapadera. Zotsatira zake, kaphatikizidwe ka ma acid acid m'chiwindi amakulitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwopsezo cha maselo a chiwindi chikule. A FFA amachepetsa cholesterol ya plasma LDL ndi 15% - 30% ndikuwonjezera cholesterol ya HDL ndi 5%. SQD imachepetsa kupititsa patsogolo kwa atherosulinosis malinga ndi coronarography. FFA imatha kuwonjezera milingo ya TG.

Colestyramine ndi colestipol nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kudzimbidwa, bata, kupweteka kwam'mimba, dyspepsia ndi zosasangalatsa za kukoma. Cogwheel ali ndi zovuta zochepa.

FFA imatsutsana kwathunthu kwa odwala omwe ali ndi kuwonjezeka kwa TG (TG> 4.0 mmol / L).

Fibates

Zotsatira za fibroic acid - fibrate (ciprofibrate, gemfibrozil, fenofibrate) - makamaka zimachepetsa zomwe zimapangidwa ndi triglycerides ndikusintha zina zowonetsa za metabolid ya lipid. Fibates inhibit kuphatikiza kuphatikizana kwa maselo, kusintha ntchito ya endothelial, ndikuchepetsa milingo ya fibrinogen m'mwazi.

Chithandizo chodalirika kwambiri fenofibrate (lipantyl, treicor). Fenofibrate chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 amatsogolera kukonzanso kwa coronary atherosulinosis ndipo imalepheretsa kukula kwa zovuta zazing'ono komanso zazikulu kwambiri.

Ndikofunikira kuti, mosiyana ndi ma fiber ena, fenofibrate isasokoneze statin catabolism ndipo imatha kukhala yotetezeka ikagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi ma statins.

Tab. 9. Fibroic Acid Derivatives (Fibates)

ω - 3 mafuta ochulukirapo a polyunsaturated

Posachedwa, mankhwala adalembetsedwa ku Russia omacor (mafuta oyeretsedwa ochulukitsidwa kuchokera ku nsomba zomwe zimapezeka kumpoto kwa nyanja), zomwe zimakhala ndi 84% ya eicosapentaenoic ndi docosahexaenoic mafuta acids. Omacor muyezo wa 1 g kamodzi pa tsiku zotchulidwa kupewa mavuto am`mnyewa wamtima kulowetsedwa, chifukwa yatchulira antiarrhythmic, antithrombotic zotsatira. Pa mlingo wa 2 mpaka 4 g patsiku, mankhwalawa amachepetsa plasma TG, kotero angagwiritsidwe ntchito powonetsa zina monga fenofibrate. Zotsatira zoyipa: magazi ochulukirapo, m'mimba.

Mitundu ya chala cha papillary ndi chizindikiro cha kuthekera kwamasewera: mawonekedwe a dermatoglyphic mawonekedwe pakadutsa miyezi 3-5 yoyembekezera, musasinthe pa moyo wonse.

Gulu la madzi othamanga pamtunda: Chinyontho chachikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi chimatuluka pansi pa nyanja ndi nyanja (88 ‰).

Zambiri zam'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso kumalire kwa gombe: M'matawuni, chitetezo cha banki chimapangidwa poganizira zofunikira zaukadaulo komanso zachuma, koma zimathandizira makamaka pazokongoletsa.

Zinthu zomwe zimachitika posankha ngalande: Dongosolo la ngalawo limasankhidwa kutengera mtundu wa otetezedwa.

Mawonekedwe a Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors

Mukamachiza cholesterol yayikulu magazi, ma statin samasakanizidwa ndi nicotinic acid ndi ma fiber, omwe ndi mankhwala a gulu lina, chifukwa chakuti satetezeka mokwanira ndipo angayambitse kukula kwa matenda ena. Mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza kwa ma fibrate ndi ma statins kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha myopathy, chinthu chomwecho chitha kuchitika ndikuphatikizidwa kwa nicotinic acid ndi ma statins, kuphatikiza pa chilichonse chomwe chiwindi chimakhudzidwa.

Koma akatswiri azamankhwala atapeza yankho, adapanga mankhwala omwe njira zawo zimawunikidwa kuzinthu zina kuti apange hypercholesterolemia, makamaka, pakuyamwa kwa cholesterol m'matumbo. Chimodzi mwa mankhwalawa ndi Ezithimibe kapena Ezeterol.

Ubwino wa mankhwalawa ndikuti umakhala wotetezeka kwambiri chifukwa chakuti ziwalo zake sizilowa m'magazi. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa mankhwalawa amapezeka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi chiwindi ndi omwe amatsutsana kuti agwiritse ntchito ma statins pazifukwa zingapo. Kuphatikizidwa kwa ezeterol ndi ma statins kungathandizire kukulitsa kuchiritsa kwacholinga chofuna kuchepetsa cholesterol m'thupi.

Ponena za zovuta za mankhwalawa, mtengo wake umasiyanitsidwa ndipo, pankhani ya monoprint, zotsika zochepa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mukayerekeza ndi zotsatira zamankhwala.

Gulu

1. Anion-exchange resins ndi mankhwala omwe amachepetsa mayamwidwe (mayamwidwe) a cholesterol m'matumbo.
2. Nicotinic acid
3. Khalid.
4. Fibates.
5. Statins (3-hydroxymethyl-glutaryl-coenzyme-A-reductase inhibitors).

Kutengera ndi makina amachitidwe, mankhwalawa kuti muchepetse cholesterol yamagazi amatha kugawidwa m'magulu angapo.

Mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa kuphatikizika kwa atherogenic lipoproteins ("cholesterol yoyipa"):

• ma statins
• mafupa
• nicotinic acid
• phenucol
• ezinflavin.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti muchepetse kuyamwa kwa cholesterol ku chakudya m'matumbo:

• otsatizana a bile acid,
• kuwongolera.

Ezithymibe overdose komanso mogwirizana

Mukamachiza cholesterol yayikulu magazi, ma statin samasakanizidwa ndi nicotinic acid ndi ma fiber, omwe ndi mankhwala a gulu lina, chifukwa chakuti satetezeka mokwanira ndipo angayambitse kukula kwa matenda ena.

Mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza kwa ma fibrate ndi ma statins kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha myopathy, chinthu chomwecho chitha kuchitika ndikuphatikizidwa kwa nicotinic acid ndi ma statins, kuphatikiza pa chilichonse chomwe chiwindi chimakhudzidwa.

Koma akatswiri azamankhwala atapeza yankho, adapanga mankhwala omwe njira zawo zimawunikidwa kuzinthu zina kuti apange hypercholesterolemia, makamaka, pakuyamwa kwa cholesterol m'matumbo. Chimodzi mwa mankhwalawa ndi Ezithimibe kapena Ezeterol.

Ubwino wa mankhwalawa ndikuti umakhala wotetezeka kwambiri chifukwa chakuti ziwalo zake sizilowa m'magazi. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa mankhwalawa amapezeka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi chiwindi ndi omwe amatsutsana kuti agwiritse ntchito ma statins pazifukwa zingapo.

Ezetimibe mosankha bwino imalepheretsa mayamwidwe a cholesterol ndi mitundu ina ya mbewu yam'mimba. Pamenepo, mankhwalawa amapezeka m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono ndipo samalola kuti mafuta ambiri azigwira, motero amachepetsa kupezeka kwa mafuta m'thupi kuchokera m'chiberekero kupita ku chiwalo china - chiwindi, ndikuchepetsa mphamvu zake m'chiwindi ndikuwonjezera kuchulukana kwa madzi a m'magazi.

Cholesterol mayamwidwe blockers samachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa ma asidi a bile ndipo samalepheretsa kaphatikizidwe ka cholesterol ya chiwindi, zomwe sizinganenedwe za ma statins. Chifukwa cha mfundo zingapo zoyenera, mankhwala a m'makalasi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi yomweyo ndi ma statins, amatha kuchepetsa cholesterol.

Mtheradi wa bioavailability wa ezeterol sungadziwike chifukwa phata ili limatsala pang'ono kulowa m'madzi.

Mukamachita maphunziro othandizirana ndi zoletsa, ndikofunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa adokotala. Koma ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo akupezekabe, odwala ayenera kudziwa zotsatirazi.

Nthawi zina mankhwalawa amatha, zovuta zomwe zimawonekera mwa odwala sizinakhale zokwanira. Ngati timayankhula za mayesero azachipatala, ndiye kuti m'modzi mwa iwo mankhwalawo adalangizidwa kwa odzipereka 15 okhala ndi thanzi labwino pa mlingo wa 50 mg tsiku lililonse kwa masabata awiri.

Kafukufuku wina adakhudzapo odzipereka 18 omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za hypercholesterolemia yoyamba, adayikidwa 40 mg ya Ezithimibe masiku oposa 50. Onse omwe adakumana ndi mayesero azachipatala adawonetsa kulolera bwino mankhwalawo.

Kuphatikiza kwa Ezithimibe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maantacid kungathandize kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa zinthu za mankhwala oyamba, koma izi sizikhudza kukhudzana kwake kwa bioavailability. Ndi othandizira pamodzi ndi cholestyramine, kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe athunthu a eseterol kumachepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi 55 peresenti.

Ndi chithandizo chovuta ndi fenofibrate, monga chotulukapo, kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa inhibitor kumawonjezera nthawi imodzi ndi theka. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma eseterol okhala ndi ma fiber sikunaphunzire konse, kotero kugwiritsa ntchito kwakanthawi kofanana ndi madokotala sikulimbikitsidwa.

Kuopsa kwa cholesterol yokwera kukufotokozedwa mu kanema m'nkhaniyi.

Poletsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol kuchokera m'matumbo, othandizira amachepetsa kuyika kwake m'magazi. Ndi mankhwala azitsamba ochokera ku mbewu za nyemba za hyacinth.

Guarem amangochotsa mamolekyulu a cholesterol kukhoma lamatumbo. Imathandizira kuchotsedwa kwa ma asidi a bile, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol kuchokera m'magazi kupita m'chiwindi chifukwa cha kaphatikizidwe kake. Mankhwala amachepetsa kudya ndipo amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimadyedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti achepetse thupi komanso milomo ya lipid m'magazi.

Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizira kutulutsa, mseru, kupweteka m'matumbo, komanso nthawi zina zotayirira. Komabe, zimawonetsedwa pang'ono, sizichitika kawirikawiri, ndikumapitilira mankhwala zimadalira palokha.

Otsatira a bile acid

Mankhwala omangira a acid (cholestyramine, colestipol) ndi ma resin osinthana ndi anion. Akangokhala m'matumbo, "amagwira" ma asidi a bile ndikuwachotsa m'thupi. Thupi limayamba kusowa ma bile acid, ofunikira kuti magwiridwe antchito azigwira bwino ntchito.

Cholestyramine ndi colestipol amapezeka amtundu wa ufa. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku uyenera kugawidwa mu 2 kapena 4 Mlingo, womwe umamwetsa mankhwala mu madzi (madzi, madzi).

Maini osinthanitsa ndi anion samayikidwa m'magazi, amangogwira m'matumbo a lumen. Chifukwa chake, ali otetezeka kwambiri ndipo alibe zotsatira zoyipa zosafunikira. Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ndikofunikira kuyambitsa chithandizo cha hyperlipidemia ndi mankhwalawa.

Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizira kutulutsa, mseru komanso kudzimbidwa, m'malo ochepera. Kuti mupewe zizindikiro zotere, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi chakudya chamafuta (fiber, chinangwa). Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali, kuyamwa kwa folic acid ndi mavitamini ena, makamaka osungunuka m'matumbo.

Nicotinic acid ndi zotumphukira zake (enduracin, niceritrol, acipimox) ndi mavitamini a gulu B. Amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa "cholesterol yoyipa" m'magazi. Nicotinic acid imayendetsa dongosolo la fibrinolysis, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya magazi kupanga ziwalo zamagazi.

Mankhwala a Nicotinic acid amachitika nthawi yayitali, ndikuwonjezereka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mlingo. Asanayambe ndi kumwa, sikulimbikitsidwa kumwa zakumwa zotentha, makamaka khofi.

Mankhwalawa amatha kukhumudwitsa m'mimba, ndiye kuti samaperekedwa chifukwa cha zilonda zam'mimbazi. Mwa odwala ambiri, khungu limawoneka kumayambiriro kwa chithandizo. Pang'onopang'ono, izi zimatha. Kuti mupewe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muthe kutenga 325 mg ya aspirin kwa mphindi 30 musanamwe mankhwala. 20% ya odwala ali ndi khungu loyenda.

Kuchiza ndi kukonzekera kwa nicotinic acid kumapangidwa chifukwa cha zilonda zam'mimba komanso zilonda zam'mimba, hepatitis yayikulu, kusokonezeka kwa mtima.

Enduracin ndi mankhwala a nicotinic acid omwe amakhala atatenga nthawi yayitali. Imavomerezedwa bwino kwambiri, ndikupangitsa zotsatira zoyipa zochepa. Amatha kuthandizidwa kwakanthawi.

Cholesterol mayamwidwe zoletsa: kodi mankhwala amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Kwa zaka zambiri osavutika ndi CHOLESTEROL?

Mutu wa Bungwe: “Mudzadabwa momwe zimakhalira zosavuta kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi mwakumwa tsiku lililonse.

Popanda cholesterol, thupi la munthu silipezeka kwathunthu. Izi ndi gawo la ziwalo za cell, kuphatikiza apo, ntchito ya mitsempha ndi ziwalo zina zofunika mthupi la munthu sizingatheke.

Ndi zochuluka za thunthu limatanthauza cholesterol yoyipa, yomwe pamodzi ndi mapuloteni amapanga pawiri - lipoprotein. Ilinso m'mitundu iwiri: kachulukidwe kochepa komanso kachulukidwe kakakulu. Kuchulukana kwambiri kwa lipoprotein sikuvulaza thupi, mosiyana ndi mitundu yake iwiri. Ngati vutoli silikuyenda ndipo mulingo wa lipoprotein m'mwazi siwovuta, zidzakhala zokwanira kuti wodwalayo asinthe ndikudyetsa zakudya ndikuyamba kuchita zomwe akuchita.

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino Aterol kutsitsa cholesterol. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Koma izi sizipereka nthawi zonse zotsatira zomwe zimafunikira, nthawi zina, wodwalayo angafunikire kuyeretsa kwam'thupi pazotengera.

Asayansi akhala akugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kuti apange mankhwala abwino ochepetsa cholesterol "yoyipa".

Yankho labwino kwambiri silinapezeke, magulu angapo azachipatala apangidwa kuti achepetse cholesterol, iliyonse ili ndi malingaliro ake abwino komanso osagwirizana.

Ma Statin ndi ena mwa mankhwala abwino kwambiri a lipoprotein am'magazi, koma chifukwa cha zolakwika zingapo komanso kukhalapo kwa zotsatira zowopsa kwa thupi, makamaka mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okwanira, sikuti nthawi zonse amafulumira kukapereka mankhwala.

Cholesterol mwa akazi ali ndi zaka 55

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino Aterol kutsitsa cholesterol. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Matenda amtima chifukwa cha atherosulinosis ndi omwe amachititsa kuti azifa kumayiko otukuka. Atherosclerosis ndi matenda owopsa momwe ma atherosulinotic plaques amapanga pazitseko za mitsempha. Kuchulukana pang'onopang'ono, amasokoneza magazi m'matumbo. Zotsatira zake zimatha kukhala zosautsa kwambiri - myocardial infaration, stroke, gangrene of the m'mphepete.

• Zizindikiro zazikulu za mbiri ya lipid
• Zoyambitsa Hypercholesterolemia
• Mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala
• Mankhwala
• Kuchiza ndi wowerengeka azitsamba

Chofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa matendawa ndi hypercholesterolemia, popeza kuti zolembera sizaponso kudziunjikira kwa cholesterol. Komanso, pazifukwa zingapo, chiopsezo chotenga matenda a atherosulinosis chikukula kwambiri patatha zaka makumi asanu. Mwatsatanetsatane tidzapenda chomwe chimayenera kukhala cholesterol mwa amayi azaka 55.

Zisonyezero zamankhwala

Kodi amalimbikitsidwa kuti apatsidwe mankhwala liti? Zimawonetsedwa kwa hypercholesterolemia yoyamba, Ezithimibe imagwiritsidwa ntchito palokha popanda kuwonjezera zakudya zamagulu, kapena kuphatikiza ma statins.

Mankhwalawa amathandizira kuchepetsa osati kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yathunthu, komanso apolipoprotein B, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, komanso kukulitsa cholesterol ya HDL.

Ndi homozygous Famer hypercholesterolemia, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera cha ma statins kuti achepetse cholesterol yokwanira, yonse pamodzi ndi LDL.

Ezeterol amalembera homozygous sitosterolemia. Zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse milingo yayikulu yaampesterol ndi sitosterol.

Contraindication ndi zoyipa

Mankhwalawa amaletsedwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lochulukirapo.

Amayi oyembekezera komanso nthawi yoyamwitsa salimbikitsidwanso kugwiritsa ntchito mayamwidwe a cholesterol.

Ngati pakufunika kugwiritsa ntchito ezeterol ndi mayi woyamwitsa, ndiye kuti ziyenera kukhala zofunikira kusiya kuyamwitsa.

Zotsutsana zina zimaphatikizapo:

• zaka zosakwana 18, popeza chitetezo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa sichinakhazikitsidwe,
• kupezeka kwa ma cell a chiwindi nthawi yanthawi yochulukirapo, komanso kuwonjezereka kwa ntchito ya "chiwindi" transaminases,
• kulephera kwa chiwindi kwambiri kapena kwapang'onopang'ono, monga kudera la mwana-Pyug,
• kufupika kwa lactose, tsankho lactose, malabsorption wa glucose-galactose,
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakanikirana ndi ma fibrate,
• ntchito odwala kulandira cyclosporine ayenera kuchitika mosamala komanso kuwunika kuchuluka kwa cyclosporin ndende ya magazi.

Pankhani ya monotherapy, cholesterol mayamwidwe angayambitse zovuta monga kupweteka kwam'mimba, kudzimbidwa, mutu. Ndi zovuta mankhwala othandizira omwe ali ndi ma statins, kuphatikiza ma migraines, zizindikiro zimatha kuwoneka ngati kutopa, kuphwanyaphwanya, mavuto okhala ndi chifuwa (kukhumudwa kapena kudzimbidwa), nseru, myalgia, ntchito yowonjezera ya ALT, AST, ndi CPK. Maonekedwe a zotupa pakhungu, angioedema, hepatitis, kapamba, thrombocytopenia komanso kuwonjezeka kwa michere ya chiwindi sikuti sachotsedwa muzochita zamankhwala.

Nthawi zina, kukhazikika kwa rhabdomyolysis ndikotheka.

Mfundo zoyenera kuchitira zoletsa

Ezetimibe mosankha bwino imalepheretsa mayamwidwe a cholesterol ndi mitundu ina ya mbewu yam'mimba. Pamenepo, mankhwalawa amapezeka m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono ndipo samalola kuti mafuta ambiri azigwira, motero amachepetsa kupezeka kwa mafuta m'thupi kuchokera m'chiberekero kupita ku chiwalo china - chiwindi, ndikuchepetsa mphamvu zake m'chiwindi ndikuwonjezera kuchulukana kwa madzi a m'magazi.

Cholesterol mayamwidwe blockers samachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa ma asidi a bile ndipo samalepheretsa kaphatikizidwe ka cholesterol ya chiwindi, zomwe sizinganenedwe za ma statins. Chifukwa cha mfundo zingapo zoyenera, mankhwala a m'makalasi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi yomweyo ndi ma statins, amatha kuchepetsa cholesterol. Kafukufuku wamtsogolo akuwonetsa kuti kuyamwa kwa 14C-cholesterol kumalepheretsedwa ndi ezeterol.

Mtheradi wa bioavailability wa ezeterol sungadziwike chifukwa phata ili limatsala pang'ono kulowa m'madzi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala molumikizana ndi chakudya sikukukhudza bioavailability wake pa mlingo wosaposa 10 mg.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito, Mlingo ndi mtengo wake

Asanayambe maphunziro, odwala ayenera kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri, amayenera kupitilizidwa kuwonedwa mu nthawi yonse ya kumwa mankhwalawa. Ezeterol iyenera kumwedwa tsiku lonse, mosasamala kanthu za kudya. Nthawi zambiri, dokotala amakupatsani mankhwala omwe amamwa 10 mg mopitilira kamodzi patsiku.

Pankhani ya kuphatikiza kwa Ezithimibe ndi ma statins, lamulo lotsatirali liyenera kutsatiridwa ndi chithandizo chovuta: imwani mankhwalawa kamodzi patsiku ndi ma statins, onetsetsani kuti mwatsata zomwe mwalandira.

Mofanananso ndimankhwala omwe amamwetsa mafuta acids ndi Ezithimibe, ayenera kumwedwa pa 10 mg kamodzi patsiku, koma osapitirira maola awiri musanatenge ma sequestrants kapena osapitilira maola anayi pambuyo pake.

Panthawi ya chiwindi kuwonongeka, odwala omwe ali pachiwindi chofooka sayenera kusankha maselo. Ndipo kwa odwala omwe ali ndi chiwindi chochepa komanso choopsa, nthawi zambiri sikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zoletsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol yomwe ilowa m'matumbo a munthu.

Monga tanena kale, mtengo wa zoletsa sizotsika mtengo kwenikweni, zomwe zimakhudzana ndi zovuta zawo.

Ezetimibe mu gawo la ma milligram 10 (zidutswa 28) zitha kugulidwa kuyambira 1800 mpaka 2000 rubles.

Cholesterol okwera: zoyambitsa ndi chithandizo

Cholesterol okwera (hypercholesterolemia) ndi mkhalidwe womwe kuphatikiza kwathunthu kwa thupilo kumapezeka m'thupi. Padziko lonse lapansi, munthu m'modzi pa atatu ali ndi zaka zopitilira 25 ali ndi cholesterol yayikulu. Anthu omwe ali ndi cholesterol yambiri amatha kukhala ndi matenda a mtima (CVD).

Nthawi zina, hypercholesterolemia imadziwika ngakhale kwa anthu onenepa kwambiri, kudya zakudya zoyenera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Cholesterol okwera nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda ena otchuka kwambiri, monga kunenepa kwambiri ndi matenda a shuga. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri chidwi chimasinthidwa kumatenda awa. Zotsatira zake, gawo lalikulu la anthu omwe ali ndi cholesterol yambiri salandira chithandizo, ngakhale m'maiko otukuka.

Cholesterol ndi mitundu yake

Cholesterol ndi gawo lachilengedwe la maselo onse amthupi. Ndi mafuta ofewa, owonda, mafuta omwe amapangika kwambiri m'thupi, ndipo gawo laling'ono chabe limachokera ku chakudya. Cholesterol ndiyofunikira pakapangidwe kamtundu wa cell cell, vitamini D ndi mahomoni ena. Cholesterol siyisungunuka m'madzi, chifukwa chake, payokha, singathe kuyenda mthupi. Tinthu timene timatchedwa lipoproteins timathandiza kunyamula mafuta m'thupi. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya lipoproteins:

• "Zabwino" (HDL kapena high density lipoproteins),
• "Zoyipa" (LDL kapena lipoproteins, zomwe zimadziwika ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono) lipoproteins.

Mlingo wabwinobwino wa cholesterol yathunthu m'magazi umachokera ku 140-200 mg / dl. Komabe, cholesterol yonse siyikupereka chithunzi chokwanira chokhudza thanzi. Ubale pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya cholesterol (i.e., pakati pa HDL ndi HDL) ndi chofunikira pakuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa chiopsezo cha CVD. Komanso m'magazi mumakhala mtundu wachitatu wa zinthu ngati mafuta - triglycerides. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa msinkhu wawo, kuchuluka kwa HDL kumachepa.

Triglycerides ndi mtundu waukulu wamafuta womwe umasungidwa m'thupi. Mukamaganiza za mafuta m'chiuno ndi m'mimba mwanu, mumaganizira za triglycerides. Zikuyimira chotsiriza chakutha kwa mafuta owonongeka ndi chakudya. Zakudya zamtundu uliwonse zomwe zimagwidwa ndi thupi lanu ndipo sizoyang'ana mwachangu zofunikira zamagetsi kapena zosowa zina zimasandulika triglycerides zosungidwa mu minofu ya adipose. Monga cholesterol, triglycerides imanyamula kudzera mthupi kudzera pa lipoproteins.

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino Aterol kutsitsa cholesterol. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Cholesterol yomwe ilipo mu chakudya imatha kukhala zovulaza ngati imagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso. Cholesterol okwera kumawonjezera chiwopsezo cha CVD, kugunda kwa mtima ndi sitiroko. LDL yochulukirapo ikazungulira m'magazi, izi zimatha kubweretsa kupangidwe kwa cholesterol plaques (ma cholesterol amana) mkati wamitsempha. Mapala pang'onopang'ono amachepetsa kapena kulepheretsa lumen ya mitsempha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo, mtima ndi ziwalo zina. Izi zimatha kudwala matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko.

Chifukwa chiyani cholesterol ikukwera? Nthawi zina, mwa anthu ena, cholesterol yokwezeka imachitika chifukwa cha cholowa. Komabe, chifukwa chachikulu chokhala ndi cholesterol yambiri nthawi zambiri ndi moyo wosayenera womwe umakhala ndi kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri, zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo. Cholesterol okwera amatha kupewedwa, nthawi zina ndikokwanira kusintha zakudya ndikubweretsa zolimbitsa thupi m'moyo wanu. Ngati izi sizokwanira, ndiye kuti dokotala angalimbikitse kumwa mankhwala ena omwe amachepetsa cholesterol.

Zizindikiro zokulirapo

Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro za cholesterol yayikulu sizimawoneka. Nthawi zambiri, cholesterol yayikulu imatsogolera ku CVD yoopsa (kugunda kwa mtima, sitiroko, ndi zina) ndipo imapezeka pakamayesedwa okhudzana nawo. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa chakuchokera kwa cholesterol plaques mkati wamitsempha. Njira yokhayo yodziwira izi zowopsa ndikuyesa magazi a cholesterol. Ndikofunika kuyezetsa cholesterol mutafika zaka 20. Ngakhale cholesterol ilibwinobwino, kumakhala kotheka kuyang'ana magazi ake pafupifupi kamodzi pazaka zisanu. Ngati muli ndi cholowa chokhala ndi cholesterol yayitali, ndiye kuti dokotala angakulimbikitseni kuti mukamayesedwa kangapo. Komanso, kuwunika pafupipafupi kwa cholesterol kumachitika pokhapokha ngati pali zinthu zoopsa (kuthamanga kwa magazi, kunenepa kwambiri, kusuta).

Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule zizindikiritso ndi zomwe zimachitika pazochitika pamene cholesterol yayikulu imatsogolera ku CVD.

Kuchepa kwa Coronary

Zizindikiro zakuchepa kwa coronary zimatha kusiyanasiyana mwa abambo ndi amayi. Komabe, mwa amuna ndi akazi, CVD imakhalabe yoyambitsa kufa kwamayiko otukuka. Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri za kuchepa kwa coronary zimaphatikizapo:

• angina pectoris, kupweteka pachifuwa,
• nseru
• kupuma movutikira
• kupweteka m'khosi, m'mimba kumbuyo,
• dzanzi kapena kuzirala miyendo.

Kukhazikika kwa mapepala okhala ndi cholesterol yambiri kumabweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu cha kuchepa kwa mpweya ndi magazi m'malo ena a ubongo. Izi ndizomwe zimachitika ndi stroke. Stroko ndiwadzidzidzi, yomwe imafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala othandizira mwadzidzidzi. Zizindikiro zake zimaphatikizapo:

• kutayika mwadzidzidzi kwa mgwirizano komanso mgwirizano,
• chizungulire mwadzidzidzi
• asymmetry ya nkhope (ptosis wa eyelid kapena pakamwa mbali imodzi),
• kulephera kusuntha (makamaka asymmetric),
• chisokonezo, kusagwirizana,
• mawu achipongwe
• dzanzi kumaso, mikono, miyendo (makamaka asymmetric),
• masomphenya osalala, masomphenya apawiri
• mwadzidzidzi kupweteka mutu.

Mitsempha yopereka mtima ndi magazi imatha kutsekeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zolembera. Njirayi, yotchedwa atherosulinosis, imachedwa komanso asymptomatic. Popita nthawi, kulekanitsa zolembedwa ndizotheka. Izi zikachitika, magazi amaundana. Izi zingayambitse kutsika kwamitsempha yamagazi yopereka minofu yamtima, ndikupangitsa ischemia. Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mtima kapena kuchepa kwa minyewa yake chifukwa chosowa oxygen, vuto la mtima limayamba. Zizindikiro za vuto la mtima:

• kumverera kothina ndi chida pachifuwa, kupweteka pachifuwa kapena mikono,
• mavuto kupuma
• kupezeka kwa nkhawa,
• chizungulire
• nseru, kudzimbidwa, kapena kutentha kwa mtima,
• kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso.

Myocardial infaration ndi chikhalidwe chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimafuna chithandizo chamankhwala othandizira mwadzidzidzi. Necrosis yamatumbo amtima imatha kusinthika kapenanso kufa ngati chithandizo cha opereshoni sichinaperekedwe.

Atherosulinosis ya zotumphukira mitsempha

Matendawa ndi omwe amachitika chifukwa cha cholesterol yayikulu, yomwe imatsogolera ku malo ophatikizika amitsempha. Izi zimaphatikizira kutseka kwa magazi kwa impso, manja, m'mimba, miyendo. Magawo oyambawa a matendawa ndi monga awa:

• kumva kulira ndi kuwotcha zala.
• kupweteka
• kutopa
• kulankhulirana
• kusakhazikika m'miyendo ndi kumapazi,
• kupyapyala, kutsekemera ndi khungu lowala pamiyendo ndi kumapazi,
• mawonekedwe a zilonda pamiyendo ndi kumapazi, omwe amachira pang'onopang'ono,
• kukula kwa misomali kumiyendo,
• Kuchepetsa kukula kwa tsitsi pamiyendo.

Matumbo oyenda

Kolesterol okwera kumatha kubweretsa kusalinganika kwa bile, komwe kumayambitsa mapangidwe a gallstones. Ambiri mwa milandu ya ndulu amayambitsidwa ndi cholesterol yokwera. Kukhazikika kwa ma plaque m'mitsempha kungapangitse kutsekeka kwa magazi kulowa mu impso ndi m'mimba. Mitsempha yothandizira matumbo ake itatsekeka, ischemic syndrome imayamba, ikuphatikizana ndi kupweteka kwam'mimba, nseru, kusanza, ndi ziwalo zamagazi.

Zoyambitsa ndi Zoopsa

Nthawi zina, cholesterol chokwezeka chimakhala cholowa. Pochita izi, chiwindi chanu chimapanga cholesterol yochulukirapo, kapena thupi lanu silichotsa LDL m'magazi m'njira yothandiza. Cholesterol okwera ndi kuchuluka kwa triglyceride kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi matenda ena, monga matenda a shuga. Koma nthawi zambiri, cholesterol yambiri imayamba chifukwa chodya chakudya chochuluka ndimafuta omwe ali ndi mafuta ambiri, komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi osakwanira. Pakati pa anthu onenepa kwambiri, cholesterol yambiri imakhala yofala.

Zina zimapangitsa munthu kukhala ndi cholesterol yayikulu. Si onse omwe angachotsedwe, koma ena amatha ndipo ayenera kuthetsedwa. Zofunikira kwambiri pakupanga cholesterol yayikulu ndizophatikizira:

• kunenepa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri,
• kudya zakudya zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa mafuta komanso mafuta a trans ambiri, omwe amapezeka pamitundu yambiri muzakudya zamafuta ndi zakudya zokazinga,
• kusowa koyenda
• makonzedwe achilengedwe ku CVD,
• matenda oopsa
• kusuta
• matenda ashuga
• hyperthyroidism
• chotupa chotupa
• hyperadrenocorticism,
• neuropsychiatric anorexia,
• aakulu aimpso kulephera
• nephrotic syndrome.

Anthu ambiri nthawi zambiri sawonetsa zizindikiro za cholesterol yapamwamba. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi pankhaniyi ndi njira yokhayo yoyang'ana kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi. Ngati kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi anu ndi kopitilira 200 mg / dl kapena HDL pansipa 40, ndiye kuti adokotala angafune kuti achite mayeso am'mimba opanda kanthu kuti afotokozere bwino za matendawo. Ndi mtundu uwu wa kusanthula, muyenera kupewa kudya kwa maola 12 musanayambe kumwa magazi. Ngakhale kuti cholesterol yoposa 200 mg / dl nthawi zambiri imayesedwa kuti ndi yokwera, munjira iliyonse munthu amafunika kuchita, poganizira thanzi la wodwalayo komanso kupezeka kapena kusowa kwa CVD. Otsatirawa ndi osiyanasiyana magawo a cholesterol komanso kutanthauzira kwawo ndi madokotala:

Kupewa

Anthu ambiri amatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi mwa kudya zakudya zoyenera, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, komanso kudziwongolera okha.

Kudya kwathunthu kumalimbikitsa kuwonda. Ngakhale kuchepa thupi kwa ma kilogalamu 2-5 okha kungathandize kukonza kayendedwe ka cholesterol. Sinthani zakudya zanu motere.

• Chepetsani kudya kwanu kwakhuta mafuta ndi mafuta a trans. Mafuta okhathamiritsa sayenera kubweretsa 10% yazakudya zonse zamafuta, ndipo mafuta a trans amayenera kuthetsedweratu. Kafukufuku wofufuza akuwonetsa kuti mafuta a trans amawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo cha mtima. Mafuta osasakanizidwa, monga maolivi ndi maolivi opera, ayenera kukondedwa.
• Idyani mbewu zonse, buledi wonse, tirigu wosaphika, mpunga wopanda njere, ndi chinangwa.
• Idyani zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber komanso mafuta ochepa m'munsi.
• Chepetsa zakudya za cholesterol. Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol komwe kumapezeka mu yolks ya mazira, zinthu zonse mkaka ndi michere.
• Idyani nsomba zamafuta (monga nsomba zamtchire, hering'i kapena capelin), idyani kawiri kawiri sabata iliyonse.
• Idyani zakudya zokhala ndi phytosterols ndi stanols zopezeka mumtedza, nthanga, mafuta a masamba, madzi a lalanje, yogati. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti kumwa tsiku lililonse kwa ma gramu atatu a phytosterols kumatha kuchepetsa LDL ndi 15%.
• Onjezani zakudya zanu zamafuta ambiri monga oatmeal, chimanga cha barele, nyemba, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi mbewu zonse.

Zakudya zambiri zomwe zangopezeka kumene zimadziwika kwambiri pakati pa anthu, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda phindu pakudya kwakanthawi kwakanthawi, komanso nthawi zina zimakhala zowononga thanzi, popeza zimasiyanitsa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pazakudya. Mitundu yazakudya zomwe zimachotsa magulu akuluakulu azakudya zachilengedwe m'zakudya nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda thanzi. Ndi cholesterol yayikulu, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza masamba ndi zipatso zambiri:

• njere: Ma seva a 6-8 patsiku (theka la iwo azikhala ndi njere)
• masamba: 3-5 kutumikiridwa patsiku,
• zipatso: 4-5 kutumikiridwa patsiku,
• Mitengo yamkaka yochepa kapena mafuta ochepa: mafuta amtundu wa 2-3 patsiku,
• nyama yokonda, nkhuku, nsomba zam'madzi: 85-170 magalamu patsiku,
• mafuta ndi mafuta: supuni 2-3 patsiku (gwiritsani mafuta osakwaniritsidwa, monga mafuta a azitona kapena a canola),
• mtedza, mbewu, nyemba: 3-5 kutumikiridwa pa sabata,
• maswiti, shuga: zosakwanira 5 pa sabata (zochepa, zabwino).

Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuti muminye mitundu iwiri ya nsomba zamafuta sabata iliyonse, muchepetse mchere wa sodium (osaposa 2400 mg / tsiku). Ngati kuletsa kwa mchere komanso kuchuluka kwa mafuta osakanikirana sizimapangitsa kufunika kwa mtima wanu ndi cholesterol, ndiye kuti dokotalayo angakulimbikitseni kudya mafuta ambiri osungunuka, komanso ma sterols a chomera.

Nthawi zina, zakudya za ku Mediterranean zimavomerezeka zomwe zimayang'ana pa kudya tirigu, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, nsomba ndi mafuta. Ngakhale kuti chakudyachi chili ndi mafuta ambiri, ambiri mwa iwo amathandizidwa. Zakudya izi ndizodzaza ndi ma fiber ndi ma antioxidants.

Kuchepetsa Thupi Chifukwa Cholimbitsa Thupi

Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha cholesterol yambiri ndi CVD. Kuchepetsa thupi kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa ndende ya triglyceride ndi kuwonjezeka kwa HDL. Pamaso pa kunenepa kwambiri, muyenera kuyesetsa kuti muchepetse kusinthasintha kwake pakudya koyeserera komanso kukhazikika.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha CVD ndikuthandizira kutsitsa LDL. Amathandiza kwambiri akaphatikizidwa ndi zakudya zoyenera. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi 30 zokha pa 5 pa sabata kungakuthandizeni kuchepetsa thupi komanso LDL. Kuti mupange njira yophunzitsira ndikuwunika kuchuluka kwa katundu wololedwa, ndibwino kufunsa katswiri.

Mankhwala

Ngati kudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse sikuthandizira kuti pakhale cholesterol, ndiye kuti katswiri angakupatseni mankhwala a cholesterol ambiri. Muzochitika zomwe zotsatira za kuyezetsa magazi zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwambiri kwa cholesterol (oposa 200 mg / dl), mankhwala othandizira amatha kutumizidwa kuyambira pachiyambi, nthawi yomweyo ndi zakudya komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti muchepetse cholesterol amagawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:

Nthawi zambiri awa ndi mankhwala ofunika kwambiri polimbana ndi cholesterol yayikulu. Amakhala osavuta kutenga ndipo samakonda kucheza ndi othandizira ena. Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa zimaphatikizapo myositis, kupweteka kwapakati, kudzimbidwa, ndi kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi. Ma Statistics akuphatikizapo:

• lovastatin
• pravastatin
• rosuvastatin,
• simvastatin
• atorvastatin sz,
• fluvastatin.

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsitsa LDL komanso kuwonjezera HDL. Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizanso kufupika kwa khungu, kudzimbidwa, kupweteka mutu, chizungulire, kusokonezeka kowoneka ndi kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi.

Otsata a bile acids:

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiritsa mafuta m'thupi. Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizapo kufalikira, kudzimbidwa, kutentha kwa mtima, ndi kuchuluka kwa triglycerides. Anthu omwe ali ndi ma triglycerides okwera sayenera kumwa mankhwalawa. Gulu la mankhwalawa limaphatikizapo:

Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors

Mankhwala otchedwa ezetimibe amaletsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol m'matumbo ang'ono. Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizapo mutu, nseru, kufooka kwa minofu. Mankhwalawa nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi simvastatin.

Zimayambira mu fibroic acid:

Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza kuchepetsa ma triglycerides. Pochepera pang'ono, ndiwofunikira pakuchepetsa milingo ya LDL. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu omwe salekerera niacin. Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizira myositis, kudzimbidwa, photosensitivity, ma gallstones, kusokonezeka kwa phokoso la mtima, komanso kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi. Mankhwalawa akuphatikizapo:

Ngati wodwala sakhudzidwa ndi mtundu wina wa mankhwalawo, dokotala amatha kukupatsani mankhwala ophatikizika awiri.

Zopatsa Thanzi Ndi Zakudya Zopatsa thanzi

Kuphatikiza pa zakudya zoyenera zomwe tafotokozazi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mitundu ina ya zakudya ndi zopatsa thanzi ziziphatikizidwanso m'zakudya zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa cholesterol.

• CHIKWANGWANI Kafukufuku wambiri awonetsa kuti mafuta osungunuka omwe amapezeka m'minda ya mandimu, oat chinangwa, zipatso za barele, maapulo, ndi mbewu za fulakesi zimachepetsa LDL ndi triglycerides. CHIKWANGWANI chimathandizanso kuchepa thupi, chifukwa chimapangitsa kuti muzimva kukomoka. Amuna ayenera kudya pafupifupi 30-38 magalamu a utsi patsiku, ndipo akazi ayenera kudya magalamu 21-25.
• Beta Glucan. Ma polysaccharide amtunduwu amapezeka mu oat chinangwa ndi mbewu zina. Chifukwa chakuti amachepetsa LDL, oatmeal amadziwika ngati mtundu wa chakudya chomwe chimachepetsa cholesterol yowonjezera.
• Soya. Kafukufuku ambiri awonetsa kuti kudya soya mapuloteni (tofu, tempe ndi miso) monga njira ina yanyama nyama kumathandiza kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi. Komabe, zingakhale zomveka kukafunsira kwa odwala asanadye zowonjezera zokhala ndi soya. Chowonadi ndi chakuti isoflavones yomwe ili ndi soya, monga estrogen, imatha kuyambitsa chiwopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere ndi khansa zina.
• Omega-3 mafuta acids. Izi mankhwala zilipo zochuluka m'mafuta a nsomba, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumathandizira kupewa CVD. Mukamamwa monga zowonjezera zakudya, zinthuzi zimatha kuthandizira magazi. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe amatenga mafuta ochepa magazi ayenera kufunsa dokotala musanatenge mafuta a nsomba.
• Alfa linolenic acid. Pulogalamuyi ndizosiyanasiyana zamafuta a omega-3 omwe amathandizira kuteteza thanzi la mtima. Komabe, sizimathandizira kutsitsa triglycerides, ndipo kufunikira kotsitsa LDL kumakhalabe kukaikira.
• Vitamini C. Kafukufuku wambiri awonetsa kuti kudya Vitamini imeneyi mosapindulitsa mamiligalamu 100-200 patsiku kumathandizira cholesterol yotsika.
• Beta Mlongo. Pulogalamuyi ndi sterol wa chomera, chinthu chomwe chitha kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol. Kafukufuku wambiri awonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito chinthuchi kumathandizira kuchepetsa LDL mthupi. Tiyenera kumvetsetsa, komabe, kuti beta-mlongool amathanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa vitamini E ndi beta-carotene komwe kumayamwa ndi matumbo. Chifukwa chake, mungafunike kukaonana ndi dokotala.
• Policosanol. Zinthu zachilengedwe izi zimapezeka kuchokera ku nzimbe, zimatha kutsika LDL ndikuwonjezera HDL. Kungasokonezenso kupanga magazi. Policosanol, Kumbali ina, imatha kuwonjezera ngozi, choncho siyiyenera kutengedwa ndi anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito magazi.
• Coenzyme Q10. Ofufuzawo amakhulupirira kuti coenzyme Q10 imatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa antioxidant, omwe amathandiza kupewa CVD. Anthu omwe amatenga ma statins nthawi zambiri amadziwika ndi otsika a coenzyme Q10. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zina, amapatsidwa zakudya zowonjezera zowonjezera pazinthu izi.
• Polyphenols Ma polyphenols ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimakhala ndi antioxidant katundu. Amatha kuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha atherosulinosis mwa kuchepetsa kuvulaza komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha LDL yokwera.
• Resveratrol Ngakhale kuti resveratrol imawoneka yothandiza pakuchepetsa chiopsezo cha CVD, mulingo woyenera wa mankhwala ake sudziwika. Komanso, resveratrol, mwatsoka, ili ndi zotsatira zofanana ndi za estrogen, zomwe sizabwino. Itha kuyanjananso ndi mankhwala ena. Chifukwa chake, kufunsira kwa dokotala kumafunika musanaphatikizire chinthu ichi muzakudya.

Mankhwala azitsamba

Mankhwala azitsamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala pochiza cholesterol yayikulu. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti zitsamba zamankhwala zimatha kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kufunsa katswiri musanayambe mankhwala azitsamba. Zomera zomwe zimathandizira kuti cholesterol yotsika ikhale:

• hawthorn
• adyo
• chomera
• guggul
• mpunga wampira wofiyira.

Kuzindikira komanso kuwopsa kwa zovuta

Ngati sanapatsidwe, cholesterol yambiri imatha kubweretsa zovuta zingapo. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Matenda a Mtima.Kukweza mafuta m'thupi kawiri konse kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha kugunda kwa mtima. Kuchepetsa 1% kwa cholesterol kumabweretsa kutsika kwa 2% m'mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa coronary.
• Stroko HDL yotsika imalumikizidwa ndi chiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha sitiroko.
• Kukana insulini. 88% ya anthu omwe ali ndi HDL yotsika ndi 84% ya anthu omwe ali ndi triglycerides yayitali amakhala ndi insulin kukana komwe kumayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi insulin kukana akukumana ndi matenda ashuga.

Kuwongolera kupitilira kwakutali kwa hypercholesterolemia, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kulemera koyenera, idyani zakudya zochepa m'mafuta omwe amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kodi maubwino olimbitsa thupi kuphatikiza cholesterol ndi chiyani? Kupindula kwakukulu kuchokera pamenepa ndikuchepetsa kwakukulu kwa ngozi za CVD, komanso chidziwitso chowongolera ngati matendawa alipo kale.

Kodi ndiyenera kudabwitsidwa ndi mafunso a cholesterol okwanira ngati pakadali pano vuto lotere silinawoneke? Ngakhale mutakhala ndi cholesterol yokhazikika komanso mulibe mavuto a CVD, muyenera kutsatira moyo wathanzi kuti mupatse thupi lanu gawo lina la chitetezo chamtsogolo. Izi zimaphatikizapo kudya mokwanira, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, kupewa kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kumwa mowa kwambiri kumakhudzanso zomwe zimayambitsa cholesterol yayikulu.

Herederal hypercholesterolemia

Cholesterol okwera chifukwa cha chibadwa chimatchedwa cholowa cha hypercholesterolemia. Matendawa amadziwika ndi zinthu zingapo, chifukwa chake zimawerengedwa padera. Ndi cholowa cholowa m'magazi, mulingo wa LDL m'magazi umaposa zomwe zinali kale kuyambira ukhanda. Izi kagayidwe kachakudya amadziwika pa nthawi zonse macheke. Ikhozanso kudziwika ndi kupezeka kwa mafupa amafuta pakhungu kapena kuzungulira maso. Mankhwalawa amakhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso kumwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa cholesterol.

Amayambitsa cholesterol yayikulu ndi cholowa hypercholesterolemia

Herederal hypercholesterolemia amayamba chifukwa cha chilema chomwe chimayendetsa cholesterol metabolism m'thupi. Chifukwa cha chilema ichi, LDL sichidawonongeke bwino ndipo imadziunjikira m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri, jini lolephera limabadwa mwachisawawa kwa kholo limodzi. Ngati cholowa chimakhala chopanda pake, ndiye kuti, makolo onsewo ndiwonyamula chibadwa choipa chotere, ndiye kuti nthendayo imapitirira mwamphamvu. Heterozygous cholowa hypercholesterolemia amadziwika munthawi imodzi mwa 500. Matenda oopsa a homozygous ndi osowa.

Zolemba za matendawa

Chofunikira cha matendawa ndikutukuka kwa CVD adakali aang'ono. Amayamba chifukwa cha mapangidwe a atherosselotic zolembera kukhoma lamkati la mitsempha ya coronary. Izi zimatha kudzetsa matenda a mtima ngakhale kwa achinyamata. Kuphatikiza apo, zochitika zotsatirazi zadziwika:

• xanthomas - mafuta omwe amapezeka pakhungu, olemera mafuta ambiri, nthawi zambiri amawoneka mozungulira, mawondo, matako ndi matayala,
• xanthelasma - mafuta omwe amapezeka pamafinya,
• ziphuphu
• kunenepa.

Kuzindikira ndi kuchitira cholowa hypercholesterolemia

Nthawi zambiri, kuzindikiridwa kwa matendawa kumachitika pakumayeso wamba azachipatala komanso kuchiritsa kuchipatala. Komanso, dotolo kapena wodwalayo angawone kuyika mafuta pakhungu kapena kuzungulira maso. Ngati nthendayi yapezeka mwa m'bale wanu wapamtima, ndiye kuti mutha kulangizidwa kuti muyesedwe ndi cholesterol yayikulu.

Akuluakulu, kupezeka kwa matendawa nthawi zambiri kumaganiziridwa ndi cholesterol yokwanira pamwamba pa mamilimita 7.5 pa lita imodzi kapena LDL yozungulira kuposa 4.9. Mwa ana a zaka zapakati pa 10 mpaka 15, mfundo zakutsogolo za zizindikirozi ndi 6.7 ndi 4.0, motsatana.

Pankhani ya heterozygous cholowa cholowa mwa ana ndi unyamata, kukula kwa zizindikiro ndikosatheka. Komabe, ukalamba ukamakula, chithandizo cha matendawa chingafunikire kupewa CVD.

Njira zamankhwala

Pokhala matenda obadwa nawo, cholowa cholowa thupi nthawi zambiri sichimayambitsidwa ndi moyo wopanda thanzi. Komabe, kukhala ndi thupi labwino kumathandizanso kupewa mavuto amtsogolo. Njira zotsatirazi zingakuthandizeni kuteteza thupi lanu.

• Kudya wathanzi Nthawi zambiri, ngakhale pakalibe kunenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri, kufunsidwa kwa azaumoyo kumafunikira.
• Zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi.
• Kupewa kusuta.
• Muzikhala ndi thanzi labwino.

Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta a cholesterol amalimbikitsidwa. Zomwe zimasankhidwa kwambiri ndi ma statins. Ana odwala amadwala matendawa adakali ana kapena atakula. Ana ena angafunike apheresis. Njira yakuchiritsira imeneyi, yomwe kusefa kwa LDL kuchokera m'magazi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, nthawi zambiri kumalumikizana ndi vuto la cholowa cha homozygous cholowa. Dokotala yemwe akupezekapo angalimbikitse anthu ena a m'banjamo kuti ayang'anitsidwe cholesterol yayikulu.

Nthawi zambiri, zomwe zimachitika kwa odwala omwe ali ndi cholowa chamagulu chimakhala chothandiza kwambiri pakakhala moyo wathanzi, kuwunika kolesteroli pafupipafupi komanso kumwa mankhwala onse. Pankhani ya matenda okondweretsa, matendawa amakhala osavomerezeka.

Kuchepetsa cholesterol yopanda Statin: mankhwala ndi zakudya zamafuta

Statin ndi mankhwala othandiza kuchepetsa matenda a lipid. Amatseka enzyme yomwe imayambitsa kupezeka kwa cholesterol m'chiwindi, pomwe zomwe zili m'magazi zimachepa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuchuluka kwa zolandila za LDL kukukulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwopsezo cha "cholesterol choyipa" chikhale chofulumira.

• simvastatin (vasilip, chakor, aries, simvageksal, simvakard, simvakol, simvastin, simvastol, simvor, simlo, sincard, holvasim),
• lovastatin (cardiostatin, choletar),
• pravastatin
• atorvastatin (anvistat, atocor, atomax, ator ,x, atoris, vazator, lipoford, lypimar, liptonorm, novostat, torvazin, torvakard, tulip),
• rosuvastatin (akorta, mtanda, mertenil, rosartark, rosucard, rosulip, roxera, rustor, tevastor),
• pitavastatin (livazo),
• fluvastatin (leskol).

Lovastatin ndi simvastatin amapangidwa kuchokera ku bowa. Izi ndi "mankhwala opatsirana" omwe mu chiwindi amasintha kukhala metabolites yogwira. Pravastatin amachokera ku fungal metabolites, koma osapangidwira m'chiwindi, koma ali kale ndi ntchito. Fluvastatin ndi atorvastatin ndi mankhwala opangidwa mokwanira.

Statin amalembedwa kamodzi patsiku madzulo, popeza kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumachitika usiku. Pang'onopang'ono, Mlingo wawo umatha kuchuluka. Zotsatira zimachitika kale m'masiku oyamba kukonzekera, zimafika pazofika pamwezi.

Ma boma ndi otetezeka. Komabe, mukamagwiritsa ntchito milingo yayikulu, makamaka kuphatikiza ndi fibrate, chiwindi chovuta kugwira ntchito ndizotheka. Odwala ena amamva kupweteka kwa minofu ndi kufooka kwa minofu.

Ma Statin samakhudza metaboline wa purine ndi carbohydrate. Amatha kupatsidwa mankhwala otupa, matenda ashuga, kunenepa kwambiri.

Statin ndi gawo limodzi mwa mfundo zochizira atherosulinosis. Amawonetsedwa ngati monotherapy kapena kuphatikiza ndi ena anti antiososoticotic. Pali zosakaniza zopangidwa kale za lovastatin ndi nicotinic acid, simvastatin ndi ezetimibe (ingi), pravastatin ndi fenofibrate, rosuvastatin ndi ezetimibe.

Kuphatikiza kwa ma statins ndi acetylsalicylic acid, komanso atorvastatin ndi amlodipine (duplexor, caduet) kulipo. Kugwiritsira ntchito kosakanikirana kopangidwa kumapangidwira kumawonjezera kutsatira kwa wodwala chithandizo (kutsata), kumakhala kopindulitsa pachuma, komanso kumabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa zochepa.

Mankhwala ena otsitsa lipid

Benzaflavin ndi wa gulu la vitamini B2. Imasintha kagayidwe mu chiwindi, imayambitsa kutsika kwamagazi a shuga, triglycerides, cholesterol yonse. Mankhwalawa amalekeredwa bwino, osankhidwa mu maphunziro atali.

Chofunikira chimakhala ndi phospholipids, mavitamini a B, nicotinamide, mafuta osakwaniritsidwa acids, sodium pantothenate. Mankhwalawa amathandizira kusweka ndi kuthetsedwa kwa cholesterol "yoyipa", yothandizira maubwino a cholesterol "abwino".

Lipostable ili pafupi kwambiri pakupanga komanso kuchitapo Kofunika.

Omega-3 triglycerides (omacor) amapatsidwa mankhwala ochizira hypertriglyceridemia (kupatula mtundu 1 hyperchilomicronemia), komanso kupewa kubwereza kwapawiri kwa myocardial infarction.

Ezetimibe (ezetrol) imachedwetsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol m'matumbo, kuchepetsa kuchepa kwake kwa chiwindi. Amachepetsa cholesterol "choyipa" m'magazi. Mankhwalawa ndi othandizira kwambiri kuphatikiza ndi ma statins.

Kanema pamutu "Cholesterol ndi ma statins: kodi ndi bwino kumwa mankhwalawo?"

Zizindikiro zazikulu za mbiri ya lipid

Kuwona kwa lipid mbiri kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kuphwanya kwa mafuta kagayidwe. Izi ndizofunikira mankhwalawa komanso kupewa matenda a mtima komanso kunenepa kwambiri.

Zisonyezero za metabolidi ya lipid:

1. Cholesterol imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa lipids yofunika kwambiri, m'magazi imatha kukhala momasuka, komanso lipoproteins komanso mawonekedwe osakanikirana (okhala ndi mafuta acids). Popanda izi, mapangidwe amitsempha yama cell, kapangidwe ka mahomoni achimayi ndi amuna, ma acid a bile ndi vitamini D sikukadakhala kotheka. Chizindikiro monga cholesterol yathunthu imaphatikizapo mitundu yonse ya mafuta m'thupi. 80% ya cholesterol imapangidwa m'thupi la munthu (chiwindi, matumbo), 20% yokha yomwe imachokera ku chakudya.
2. Low density lipoproteins (LDL) ndi tinthu tokhala ndi ma protein omwe ali ndi cholesterol "choyipa". Za beta lipoproteins. Amanyamula cholesterol kuchokera ku chiwindi kupita ku ziwalo ndi minyewa. LDL yokwera imakweza kwambiri chiopsezo chokhala ndi atherosulinosis.
3. Mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa lipoproteins (HDL) umasinthira lipids kuchokera ku zotumphukira zimakhala kupita ku chiwindi, komwe zimaphwanya chotsiriza chogulitsa - bile acid. Kupanda kutero, amatchedwa alpha lipoproteins kapena cholesterol "yabwino", mtengo wa chizindikirocho umagwirizana kwambiri ndi chiopsezo chotenga atherosulinosis. The kwambiri chizindikiro, amachepetsa mwayi matendawa.

Lipid tebulo la akazi wazaka 55

Zoyambitsa Hypercholesterolemia

Kuwonjezeka kwa lipids yamagazi kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha zinthu zambiri zosiyanasiyana. Hypercholesterolemia palokha sindiwo matenda, zimangosonyeza kulephera kwamafuta a metabolism.

Zoyambitsa High Cholesterol:

• Chimake

• Kuphwanya zakudya.
• Khalidweli.
• Matenda opatsirana (shuga mellitus, hypothyroidism, matenda a chiwindi).
• Zizolowezi zoipa.
• Khalidwe labwino.
• Kunenepa kwambiri

Pakatha zaka 50, azimayi ali ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi. Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kusintha kwa thupi. Madzi a m'mimba mwa ovarian (estrogens) amateteza atsikana endothelium kuti asawonongedwe ndi cholesterol, amalepheretsa mapangidwe a atherosranceotic plaques.

Kutha kwa ntchito yamchiberekero kumayimitsa mzimayi kuteteza chilengedwe, kumachulukitsa mwayi wa atherosulinosis ndi njira zake zotsatana - matenda a mtima, kugunda kwa mtima ndi sitiroko.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, atasiya kusamba, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yonse ndi LDL kumawonjezeka ndi 6-10% pachaka. Chakudya chopanda malire nthawi zambiri chimabweretsa kuchuluka kwa lipid. Chakudya chofulumira chimakhala chovulaza thupi chifukwa chazinthu zamafuta ambiri. Kuphatikiza pazotsatira zoyipa zamafuta a metabolism, amakhalanso ndi tanthauzo la carcinogenic.

Mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala

Kuti muchepetse cholesterol, muyenera kutsatira malamulo a moyo wathanzi. Kukana zizolowezi zoyipa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi, komanso kudya kungathandize kubweretsa metabolidi ya lipid mwabwinobwino ndikupatuka pang'ono.

Kupatsa thanzi kwa hypercholesterolemia kuyenera kukhala koyenera, kuonetsetsa mokwanira zosowa zathupi.

Komabe, muyenera kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zopezeka m'mafuta ambiri, koma osagwirizana ndi zomwe ayenera kudya. Izi ndi zinthu monga kirimu wowawasa, batala, mazira, tchizi, soseji, nyama.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusankha mitundu yokhala ndi mafuta ochepa, nkhumba zimakonda ng'ombe. Magawo owoneka ndi mafuta a nyama asanaphike amalangizidwa kuti adule. Mayonesi, kudya mwachangu ndikwabwino kuti asamachotsere zakudya, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse mchere, mazira a mazira samadyedwa mopitilira 2 pa sabata. Zothandiza kwambiri kwa nsomba zam'mimba, makamaka zam'madzi.

Pazakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku, muyenera kuwonjezera chimanga, masamba, zitsamba, mtedza. Zomera zamasamba zimakhala ndi michere yambiri, mavitamini ndi michere, zimathandizira kukonza kagayidwe ka lipid polimbikitsa kuphatikizika kwa HDL ndikuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol m'matumbo.

Mankhwala

Kupatuka kwamankhwala a cholesterol kuchokera pazomwe zili zofunikira sikuyenera kunyalanyazidwa. Zikakhala zotere, kufunsira kwa katswiri wamkulu ndikofunikira. Ngati ndi kotheka, atha kulimbikitsa kuyesedwa kowonjezereka, tumizani kuti mukakambirane ndi a cardiologist ndi endocrinologist. Chithandizo cha mankhwala a hypercholesterolemia nthawi zambiri chimayikidwa ndi katswiri kapena mtima.

Mankhwala opanga lipid:

1. Statins (lovastatin, pravastatin, fluvastatin, simvastatin) amachepetsa kapangidwe ka cholesterol ndi chiwindi, amathandizira pakuchotsa LDL m'magazi ndikugwiritsanso ntchito kwawo chiwindi. Sitha kukhazikitsidwa pamatenda a chiwindi.
2. Fibates (ciprofibrate, fenofibrate) amachulukitsa mulingo wa HDL ndikuchepetsa zomwe zili triglycerides m'magazi. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma statins.
3. Niacin (niacin) amachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa triglycerides ndi LDL m'magazi, kumawonjezera zomwe zili ndi HDL. Contraindified mu chapamimba chilonda.
4. Omwe amachokera ma bile acids pakadali pano osagwiritsidwa ntchito pawokha, atha kutumikiridwa monga chida chowonjezera cha mankhwala a statin.
5. Omega-3 polyunsaturated mafuta acids (Omacor) amalimbikitsidwa kuti azichiritsa odwala pambuyo poyambira myocardial infarction.
6. Cholesterol mayamwidwe inhibitors (ezetimibe) amaletsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, amagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi ma statins.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mankhwala omwe mumalandira amathandizira pazotsatira zoyipa, mankhwalawa komanso mlingo wofunikira uyenera kuyikidwa ndi katswiri potengera deta ya labotale.

Kuchiza ndi wowerengeka azitsamba

Ndi hypercholesterolemia, mapangidwe a phulusa la m'mapiri okonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera amagwira ntchito. Zithandiza kuchepetsa cholesterol ndi masiku 40 kumwa mafuta amphatikizo (20 g m'mawa uliwonse pamimba yopanda kanthu) kapena mwala wam'madzi, ukhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku saladi kapena kumwedwa theka la supuni ya ufa wowuma. Pofuna kupewa komanso kuchiza matenda a atherosulinosis, ma ufa owuma a maluwa a linden kapena muzu wa dandelion amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino. Ndikofunikira kuvomera pa supuni imodzi musanadye.

Thandizani kulimbana ndi matenda ndi msuzi wa duwa lakuthengo. Kuti akonzekere, 20 g wa zipatso zouma ziyenera kutsanulidwa ndi kapu ya madzi otentha, owira kwa mphindi 15 pa moto wochepa, kenako mavuto. Tengani theka chikho cha msuzi 2 pa tsiku. Kuchita bwino polimbana ndi dyslipidemia ndi malonda a njuchi (mkate wa njuchi, phula).

Chifukwa chokhala ndi mavitamini ndi michere yambiri, mankhwala azachikhalidwe samangothandiza kulimbitsa mitsempha yamagazi ndikuwatsuka ku cholesterol, komanso kumawonjezera chitetezo chokwanira komanso kukonza thanzi.