Zambiri za tiziwalo timene timatulutsa m'mimba komanso kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya thupi

Chimbudzi ndi endocrine komanso chimbudzi chomwe chimapezeka m'mimba. Ntchito yayikulu ya kapamba ndikupanga ma enzymes ofunikira kuti chimbudzi chikhale ndi mayamwidwe a chakudya m'matumbo.

Thupi ili ndi madipatimenti atatu:

Zikondwererozo zimapezeka m'chiuno cha duodenum, m'malo obwezeretsa, pansi pamimba, ndipo kunja kumakutidwa ndi kapu yolumikizira minofu.

Kapangidwe ndi ntchito za kapamba ndizolumikizana. Thupi lili ndi magawo awiri:

Exocrine - imakhala ndi duct wamkulu, kachitidwe ka ma ducts ndi acini (lobules a glandular minofu).
Endocrine - imayimiriridwa ndi zisumbu za Langerhans, maselo omwe amapanga zinthu zogwiritsa ntchito kwachilengedwe.

Magawo awiri ogwira ntchito amasiyanitsidwa ndi kapamba

Malinga ndi zigawo, ntchito za endocrine ndi exocrine pancreatic m'thupi la munthu zimasiyanitsidwa. Ntchito ya Endocrine imachitika chifukwa cha maselo apadera a islet - ma insulocytes, omwe ali ndi udindo wopanga mahomoni ndi ma humidity reg.

Zindikirani Mu zone exocrine, mitundu iwiri ya maselo imasiyanitsidwa - exocrine pancreatocytes (iwo amachita zinsinsi) ndi ma epithelial cell (ma ducts amafomu).

Pang'onopang'ono, ntchito za kapamba mu thupi la munthu zimagwirizana ndikupanga timadzi timene timatulutsa ma pancreatic ndi ma enzymes. Kuchita kwa zinthu zonse izi zogwira ntchito popanga chilengedwe kumayeneranso kuwongolera magwiritsidwe antchito am'mimba ndi ma neurohumoral system.

Udindo wa kapamba m'thupi la munthu

Zikondwererozi zimagwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri mgaya. Zinthu zonse zofunika kuti zizigwira ntchito bwino kulowa m'thupi ndi chakudya, koma zimasokoneza kwambiri kapangidwe kake kuti kazitha kumizidwa ndi thupi.

Zakudya zoyenera ndizofunikira pancreatic health

Madzi a pancreatic ndi ma enzyme omwe amapangidwa ndi kapamba amathandizira kugwetsa zinthu za macromolecular. Enzyme iliyonse imakhala ndi ntchito yake:

lipase - kuphwanya mafuta ovuta,
amylase (komanso maltase ndi lactase) - imapereka kuwonongeka kwa chakudya,
trypsin - imaphwanya mapuloteni ku ma cell ochepa a kulemera, omwe amakanika mosavuta ndi maselo amthupi.

Zosangalatsa! Mu kapamba, trypsin amapangidwa mwa mawonekedwe osagwira. Kukhazikitsa kwake kumachitika mwachindunji mu duodenum mukamayanjana ndi bile.

Kudzera papilla lalikulu, madzi a pancreatic ophatikizidwa ndi michere amalowa mu duodenum kuti aphwasule chakudya chomwe chayesedwa m'mimba.

Pancreas imayendetsedwa ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro

Madzi a pancreatic amakhala ndi sodium bicarbonate, yofunikira kuti muchepetse acidity yam'mimba. Njira yopanga michere imayamba mphindi zochepa mutatha kudya ndikupitiliza kwa maola ena 6 mpaka 14 (kutengera kuchuluka ndi chakudya).

Ntchito kapamba

Ntchito ya kapamba ndizovuta kwambiri komanso zofunikira. Kutengera mtundu wa chakudya cholowa mthupi (mapuloteni, mafuta, chakudya), thupi limapanga enzyme yoposa imodzi kapena ina.

Zofunika! Chifukwa cha izi, chimbudzi cha chakudya komanso mayamwidwe azakudya zolemetsa zamaasi ochepa zimachitika mwachangu.

Kuphatikiza pa ma enzyme, kapamba amatulutsanso mahomoni angapo, oyamba kwambiri ndi insulin, komanso:

Ili ndiye ntchito ya endocrine ya kapamba. Gawo lachiberekero la endocrine limayang'anira kupangika kwa mahomoni, motero, kuphwanya kulikonse kwa ntchito yake (kufooka kwa ziwalo, kuvulala, kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka zinthu), vuto linalake limachitika ndikupanga ma enzyme ndi mahomoni, ndipo mwakutero, ndikuphwanya kwazinthu zachilengedwe.

Zofunika! Madokotala amalipira chidwi kwambiri pakuwongolera kuchuluka kwa insulin. Ndi kusowa kwake kwa magazi, shuga ochulukirapo amapezeka - ndiye kuti, munthu amatenga matenda ashuga chifukwa chophwanya kapamba m'thupi.

Matenda a mahomoni ndi owopsa pa thanzi la wodwalayo komanso moyo wawo, chifukwa chake, atazindikira kuti ali ndi vuto lililonse, ndikofunikira kupita kukalandira chithandizo mwachangu kuti muchepetse zotsatirapo zoyipa za ubongo, impso ndi chiwindi.

Ntchito yamahisitiri ya gland ndiyovuta kwambiri

Zizindikiro za pathologies

Kugaya ntchito kwa kapamba kumayipa ndi moyo wosayenera kapena matenda. Nthawi zambiri, zomwe zimachitika mu chiwalochi zimawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

kudzimbidwa (mseru, kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba),
kusowa kwa chakudya
kukoma kosasangalatsa pamlomo,
lunda m'chiuno chapamwamba pamimba, ukufalikira.

Monga lamulo, zizindikirozi zimawonekera kwambiri mutatha kumwa mowa kapena zakudya zamafuta. Ndi nthawi yanthawi yowonjezera yomwe munthu amayamba kuganizira za funso, ntchito ya kapamba ndi chifukwa chiyani ntchitozi zimaphwanyidwa.

Zoyambira zazikulu za kapamba zimaphatikizapo:

Pancreatitis - pachimake komanso mawonekedwe. Uwu ndi njira yotupa yomwe imayamba ndi kudziunjikira kwam'mimba michere mthupi, chifukwa chomwa mowa kwambiri, matenda opatsirana, mapangidwe amiyala mu chikhodzodzo, komanso kufinya kwa ndulu. Kukula kwa chifuwa chachikulu chimayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zidakwa.
Khansa - imakhudza chiwalo chonse, kufalikira kuchokera ku ngalande mpaka gawo la kumapeto kwa kapamba. Zomwe zimathandizira kuyambika kwa khansa ndi ukalamba, kusuta, chifuwa chachikulu.
Matenda a shuga - thupi limalephera kupanga insulin (ndi hypofunction ya kapamba), kapena thupi silililowetsa.

Ikani matenda a shuga 1 - amadalira insulin - pamenepa, wodwalayo amayenera kubayira insulin mthupi nthawi yonseyo. Matenda a 2 a shuga amapezeka pafupipafupi ndi kunenepa kwambiri (nthawi zina kutenga pakati kumakhala chifukwa chake). Mankhwalawa cholinga chake ndicho kubwezeretsa kuyankha kwa maselo ku insulin.

Kusintha kwachilengedwe mu kapamba kumakhudza gawo logaya chakudya

Zofunika! Pancreatic hyperfunction imathandizira kuti pakhale kusowa kwa glucose, popeza insulin imapangidwa mopitilira muyeso ndikuwononga shuga yonse yomwe imalowa m'thupi ndi chakudya.

Kuti ziphuphu zikhale zathanzi, ndikofunikira kudya bwino osagwiritsa ntchito molakwika kusuta fodya ndi mowa. Kupewera kukanika kwa pancreatic ndi ntchito yofunika kwa munthu aliyense, chifukwa njira yabwino yotsegulira zimatengera kachinthu kakang'ono kameneka.