Hyperglycemia: ndi chiyani, zimayambitsa, Zizindikiro, mankhwala

Hyperglycemia kapena shuga m'magazi ndimkhalidwe womwe shuga wambiri umazungulira m'madzi a m'magazi. Mwachilengedwe, msambo wamagazi awa ndiwoposa 11.1 mmol / L (200 mg / dl), koma zizindikiro sizingawonekere mpaka mfundo zapamwamba, monga 15-20 mmol / L (

250-300 mg / dl). Ngati munthu ali ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi omwe amakhala pafupipafupi pakati

7 mmol / l (100-126 mg / dl), akukhulupirira kuti ali ndi hyperglycemia, pomwe shuga wambiri kuposa 7 mmol / l (126 mg / dl) ali ndi matenda ashuga kale. Matenda okweza m'magazi okwera kwambiri pamtunda wa 7 mmol / L (125 mg / dl) amatha kubweretsa ziwalo.

Mawu Ofunika

Hyperglycemia imadziwika kuti ndi matenda komanso vuto, ndipo kuchokera ku Chilatini izi zimatanthauzira kuti "kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi." Musanalankhule zomwe zimayambitsa kuphwanya, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zomwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumanena. Chifukwa cha shuga, thupi limalandira mphamvu yofunikira panjira zosiyanasiyana. Kupatsa thupi mphamvu, glucose amalowa m'maselo, zomwe zimatengera zinthu zambiri. Zikondazo zimatulutsa insulini, yomwe imathandiza kuti shuga azilowa mu cell. Komanso, minofu ina imakhala ndi zida zoyendera zomwe zimayendetsa shuga mkati.

Ngati pazifukwa zilizonse pamakhala kusayenda bwino mu kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka zinthu kapena kuchuluka kwa glucose kuposa momwe amamwa, ndiye kuti shuga ya magazi imatsimikizika pakuyezedwa kwa magazi.

Shuga wamwazi ndi wowopsa kwambiri, chifukwa kuchuluka kwake kumakhala poizoni wa mtundu uliwonse wa minofu.

Maphunziro ambiri adachitidwa omwe adatsimikiza kuchuluka kwa shuga. Nthawi zambiri, shuga wothamanga amakhala 3.4-5,5 mmol / L. Kuwonongeka kwa maselo kumayamba kuchitika m'magulu a glucose pamwamba pa 7 mmol / L. Komabe, miyezo imatha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi labotale ndi chipatala komwe kuwunika kumachitika.

Magawo atatu a matenda nthawi zambiri amasiyanitsidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo la precoma ndi chikomokere limasiyananso.

Kuwala - 6.7-8.3 mmol / L.
Zabwino - 8.4-11 mmol / L
Chachikulu - 11-16 mmol / L.
Precoma - 16,5 mmol / L ndi kukwera.
Hyperglycemic chikomokere - 55 mmol / L.

Ziwerengerozi zimasiyanasiyana ndipo nthawi zambiri zimangokhala chitsogozo kwa adokotala ndi cholinga chotsimikizira matenda. Odwala ena omwe ali ndi vuto la glucose la 12-14 mmol / l akhoza kukhala ovuta kwambiri.

Sizingatheke kudziwa nokha matenda ashuga musanayesere mayeso!

Matenda a shuga amapezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa glucose pamwamba pa 7 mmol / L. Komabe, kuti mudzindikire za matenda ashuga enieni, mayeso ena ndi mayeso amafunika.

Ubale ndi matenda ena ndi mankhwala

Glycemia ndiofala ku mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga. Amayamba mtundu wa 1 komanso mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, mwa amayi apakati omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Kuwonjezeka kwa glucose kumawonekeranso mumkhalidwe wa matenda ashuga omwe amadziwika kuti amalekerera shuga.

Nthawi yomweyo, hyperglycemia syndrome motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda a shuga imayamba chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi. Chifukwa chake, hyperglycemia mu shuga imatha kukhala yamitundu iwiri: hyperglycemia (kupitirira 7 mmol / l) ndi masana kapena postprandial hyperglycemia (kupitilira 10 mmol / l). Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, mwayi wokhala ndi shuga ndiwokwera.

Matenda ena amathanso kukulitsa matendawo. Izi zimaphatikizira matenda a chithokomiro, chamba cha adrenal, gland pituitary. Kuphatikiza apo, zowawa, zotupa, maopareshoni (kuchuluka kwakanthawi kochepa) kumatha kuyambitsa dziko la hyperglycemic.

Komanso kumwa mankhwala kumatha kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Awa makamaka mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa ndi matenda amtima, autoimmune ndi mitsempha. Kumwa mankhwala a mahomoni kumapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga kwakanthawi. Mankhwala ena, monga mankhwala a psychotropic, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa kumayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, koma ngati atengedwa nthawi yayitali, amayambitsa hypoglycemia (shuga yotsika shuga).

Matenda monga stroke, kugunda kwa mtima ndi zina zopweteka kwambiri zingayambitse shuga, zomwe zitha kukhala zolakwika pakuwonetsedwa kwa matenda ashuga. Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'matenda oterewa ndi chizindikiro choyipa cha matendawa. Chiphuphu chotchedwa nkhawa cha hyperglycemia chimatha kuchitika motsutsana ndi maziko amakhudzidwe amanjenje. Odwala amadziwika ndi nocturnal hypoglycemia, kuwonjezera, nocturnal hypoglycemia nthawi zambiri imachitika pambuyo osagwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala.

Ndi matenda ashuga, simungathe kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso - izi zitha kukulitsa vutoli!

Kuphatikiza pazifukwa pamwambapa, kuchitika kwa chiwonjezeko kwakanthawi kungakhale chifukwa chamikhalidwe ina yambiri. Kuwononga thupi ndi ma oxide a kaboni kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa shuga wamagazi, koma izi ndizodabwitsa kwakanthawi. Pambuyo poletsa poyizoni, shuga wambiri amachepera. Kupweteka kwambiri kumayambitsa kutulutsidwa kwa ma adrenaline ndi mahomoni ena opsinjika, omwe amachititsa kutsekeka kwa chakudya chamagulu, mapuloteni ndi mafuta ku glucose, zomwe zimatsogolera pakuwonjezeka kwake. Mimba imapangitsanso kuchuluka kwakanthawi kwa shuga. Pa nthawi yoyembekezera komanso mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, chithandizo ndi kuwunikira zimayang'aniridwa ndi achipatala, kuti panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati komanso pobereka mwana samakhala ndi zovuta zowopsa kwa iye ndi kwa mwana.

Hypovitaminosis (kusowa kwa mavitamini ena) kumatha kuyambitsa matenda. Mukakonza mulingo wa mavitamini, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakhala koyenera. Komanso musaiwale cholowa chomwe chayambitsa kuphwanyidwacho. Ngati banjali linali ndi abale omwe akudwala matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti mwayi wokhala ndi matenda am'badwo wam'tsogolo ndiwokwera kwambiri.

Zomwe zimayambitsa zimadziwika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hyperglycemia: hyperglycemia, kuchepa kwa hyperglycemia, hyperglycemia, hyperglycemia wokhazikika, ndi ena. Palinso hyperglycemia mwa akhanda, ma neonatologists amatenga mtundu wamtunduwu wa hyperglycemia.

Kuopsa kwa mawonetsero

Hyperglycemia mpaka nthawi yayitali sichimayambitsa zizindikiro. Komabe, nthawi zambiri za kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi zimabwerezedwa, zizindikirazo zimayamba kutchulidwa. Ndikofunika kudziwa zizindikiritso kumayambiriro kuti muchepetse zovuta zazikulu. Zizindikiro za hyperglycemia correlate ndi kuopsa kwa matendawa.

Hyperglycemia yodziwika bwino imadziwika ndi ludzu komanso pakamwa pouma. Munthu amayamba kumwa madzi ambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo ludzu limakhalabe. Ndi kufatsa kwamatenda pafupipafupi, kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi ndi malita asanu ndi limodzi patsiku, ndi matenda oopsa - mpaka 10 malita a madzi. Kukodza pafupipafupi (polyuria) kumachitika chifukwa chotenga madzi ambiri.

Muzovuta kwambiri zamatenda am'mimba ndi matenda a shuga, kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkamwa kumadziwika. Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha zovuta zamatumbo, protein ndi mafuta metabolism. Glucose yemwe amakhala ndi vuto lakelo amalephera kumizidwa ndi maselo, ndipo thupi limakumana ndi vuto lotayika. Pofuna kuibwezeretsa mwanjira inayake, thupi limayamba kugwiritsa ntchito minofu ndi mapuloteni ngati mphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonongeka komanso kupangika kwa matupi a ketone, kuphatikiza acetone.

Ndi hyperglycemia, wodwalayo amatha kumva kuti alibe mphamvu komanso kutopa.

Kufooka ndi kutopa kumathandizanso ndi otere, popeza thupi limakhala lopanda mphamvu. M'magawo oyamba a matendawo, wodwalayo amakhala ndi chidwi chofuna kudya. M'tsogolomu, chilakolako cha thupi chimachepa, ndipo kudya zakudya zitha kuwonekera.

Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa minofu ndi minyewa ya adipose, wodwalayo amayamba kuchepa thupi. Wodwala amakhala ndi mseru, kusanza ndi kutsegula m'mimba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutanthauzira kwa metabolism. Kuphatikiza apo, masomphenya amachepa, khungu turgor limachepa, kuyabwa kumawonekera.

Matendawa pambuyo pake amabweretsa kuwonongeka pamtima, ndikupangitsa arrhythmias. Kuphatikiza apo, hyperglycemia imayambitsa kugona m'miyendo, kuchiritsa kwa mabala kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo mwa amuna imatha kubweretsa kusokonekera kwa erectile.

Kumbukirani kuti zilizonse mwazomwe zimayambitsa izi zimatha kubweretsa kukula kwazovuta kwambiri, chifukwa chake, ngati zichitika, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Zovuta zotheka

Zovuta zazikulu komanso zovuta za hyperglycemia zimakhudzana ndi kukula kwamphamvu kwa glucose. Chizindikiro monga kukodza pafupipafupi kapena polyuria kumabweretsa kutulutsidwa kwa ma electrolyte osiyanasiyana mumkodzo, womwe muzovuta kwambiri ungayambitse matenda a ubongo.

Ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, thupi limayesetsa kuchichotsa m'njira zonse zotheka. Chifukwa chake, thupi limasungunula shuga m'magazi ndikuyesera kuti achotse impso. Popeza shuga amatha kuchotsedwa m'thupi ndi madzi, kuchepa kwamadzi kumachitika. Zitha kukhala zowopsa ngati njira zoyenera sizinatenge nthawi.

Ketoacidosis ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe limadziwika chifukwa cha kudzikundikira kwa matupi a ketone chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni ndi mafuta. Ketoacidosis nthawi zambiri imayamba pamene wodwala ali pamavuto.

Ketoacidotic chikomacho chimayamba kusanza mobwerezabwereza, kupweteka kwam'mimba, chidwi, kusokonezeka. Zizindikiro za hyperglycemic chikomokere - kusazindikira, kupuma, kupweteka, kupweteka. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto la hyperglycemic coma ndizofanana ndi kukula kwa hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemic chikomacho ndi chowopsa, kuphatikizika kwa zochita chifukwa tafotokozera pansipa. Hyperglycemic coma imatha kukhala ndi chithandizo chosayenera.

Wodwala nthawi zonse amayenera kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi!

Kodi hyperglycemia ndi chiyani?

Magazi akuluakulu, kapena hyperglycemia, amakhudza kwambiri anthu odwala matenda ashuga.
Akasiyidwa, izi zimatha kubweretsa zovuta zambiri, monga matenda a impso kapena kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha.
Kuwunika kwambiri shuga ndi kuwunika kwa shuga pamagazi ndi njira zabwino zopewera hyperglycemia.

Mafuta okhathamira a m'magazi kapena hyperglycemia imatha kuyambitsa mavuto akulu mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga pakapita nthawi. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimathandizira ku hyperglycemia, monga:

kudya zakudya zamafuta ochulukirapo kuposa masiku onse
zolimbitsa thupi pang'ono kuposa masiku

Kuyezetsa magazi pafupipafupi ndikofunikira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga chifukwa anthu ambiri samamva za shuga wambiri.

Kukonzekera kwa matenda a mtima

Thandizo loyamba la hyperglycemia ndilosavuta, koma zimatengera momwe munthu akuvutikira. Chithandizo cha hyperglycemia ziyenera kuchitika mokwanira komanso osazengereza kwa nthawi yayitali. Nkhani yovuta kwambiri ya hyperglycemia imawongoleredwa kuchipatala ndikuyang'anira insulin. Ngati mawonekedwewo ndi osachiritsika, ndiye kuti chithandizo cha hypoglycemic chikuchitika m'njira yoti pakumwa mapiritsi pafupipafupi kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Mulingo uliwonse wa hyperglycemia, wodwala amawonedwa ndi endocrinologist. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuyeserera pafupipafupi ndi nephrologist, mtima, ophthalmologist ndi neurologist.

Muyeso woyamba wa kukonza hyperglycemia ndikutsatira zakudya. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya zakudya zochepa. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito masamba ambiri, kabichi, tomato, nkhaka. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya tchizi yamafuta ochepa, tchizi, nyama, nsomba.

Zipatso zimayenera kudyedwa pang'ono, chifukwa zimatha kuyambitsa kwambiri shuga. Chifukwa chake, mutha kudya zipatso zowawasa ndi zipatso zamalanje.

Ngati chakudyacho sichithandiza kukhazikika m'magazi a shuga, ndiye kuti katswiri amapanga mankhwala, kuphatikizapo insulini. Mlingo wa insulin umasankhidwa payekhapayekha komanso ndi endocrinologist. Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, kuyang'anira shuga wamagazi nthawi zonse kumachitika. Mlingo umatengera zinthu zambiri, kuuma kwa matendawa, kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimamwa, ndi mawonekedwe ena a matendawa. Hyperglycemia mwa ana imawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zomwezo ndipo imafunanso thandizo lofanana loyamba.

Kuphatikiza pa chithandizo, wodwala yemwe ali ndi hyperglycemia ayenera kutsatira zakudya zovuta

Zizindikiro za Hyperglycemia

Munthu amene ali ndi shuga yayikulu amatha kupeza zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

ludzu kwambiri
kamwa yowuma
kukodza kwambiri
kukodza pafupipafupi usiku
mawonekedwe osaneneka
mabala osachiritsa
kutopa
kuwonda
matenda abwinobwino monga thrush

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za hyperglycemia, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana magazi anu m'magazi. Shuga wambiri atakhala m'magazi angayambitse zovuta zina, monga matenda amaso, impso, mtima, kapena kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha.

Zizindikiro zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa zimatha kukhala m'masiku ochepa kapena milungu ingapo. Ngati vutoli silikuphunzitsidwa, vutoli limakula kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mishuga ya m'magazi kuposa 10 mmol / L (180 mg / dL) mukatha kudya, kapena wopitilira 7.2 mmol / L (130 mg / dL) musanadye, amadziwika kuti ndiwambiri. Onetsetsani kuti mwakumana ndi dokotala kuti mupeze shuga.

Zoyambitsa Hyperglycemia

Zowopsa zingapo zomwe zimathandizira pakupanga hyperglycemia, kuphatikizapo:

Kudya zakudya zamafuta ochulukirapo kuposa masiku onse.
Kuchepetsa thupi.
Matenda kapena matenda.
Mulingo wambiri wopsinjika.
Mlingo wosalondola wa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga.
Insulin kukana mu mtundu 2 shuga.

Mphamvu yamagalasi

Gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera matenda anu a shuga ndikuwunika glucose wanu wamagazi pafupipafupi. Pambuyo pa cheke chilichonse, muyenera kujambula kuchuluka kwake mu cholembera, muyezo wamagulu a shuga wamagazi, kapena mu pulogalamu yoyesera shuga kuti inu ndi dokotala mutha kuwunikira momwe mukugwirira ntchito. Kudziwa nthawi yayitali ya glucose yomwe simukuyandikira, mutha kuyang'anira pakachitika mavuto akulu kwambiri.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi njira imodzi yabwino kwambiri yothandiza kuti magazi anu azikhala moyenerera. Ngati shuga wanu wamagazi akwera kwambiri, mutha kutsitsa ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ngati mukumwa mankhwala a insulin, onetsetsani kuti mwayankhulana ndi dokotala kuti mupeze nthawi yabwino yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ngati mukukumana ndi zovuta monga kukhudzika kwa mitsempha kapena kuwonongeka kwa maso, lankhulanani ndi dokotala wanu za masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe akukuthandizani.

Chidziwitso Chofunikira: Ngati mwadwala matenda a shuga kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo mukumwa mankhwala a insulini, lankhulanani ndi dokotala kuti mudziwe ngati pali zoletsa zilizonse zokhudzana ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi shuga wambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati magazi anu achulukira kuposa 13.3 mmol / L (240 mg / dl), dokotala angakufunseni kuti muyang'ane mkodzo wanu ngati ma ketones.

Ngati muli ndi ma ketoni, musachite masewera olimbitsa thupi. Dokotala wanu amathanso kukuletsani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ngati magazi anu apamwamba kuposa 16,6 mmol / L (300 mg / dl) ngakhale popanda ma ketones. Ma ketoni akakhala m'thupi lanu, masewera olimbitsa thupi amatha kukulitsa shuga wamagazi anu. Ngakhale kuti izi ndizosowa kwambiri kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2, ndikwabwino kusewera motetezeka ndikusunga mbali yotetezeka.

Hyperglycemia Mavuto

Hyperglycemia yopanda tanthauzo komanso yodwala imatha kuyambitsa zovuta zazikulu. Izi zikuphatikiza:

Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha kapena matenda am'mimba,
Kuwonongeka kwa impso kapena matenda a shuga,
Kulephera kwina
Matenda a mtima
Matenda a maso kapena matenda ashuga retinopathy,
Mavuto am miyendo omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mitsempha yowonongeka komanso kufalitsa koyenda bwino
Mavuto apakhungu, monga matenda a bacteria ndi fungus,
Diabetesic hyperosmolar syndrome (nthawi zambiri imapezeka mwa anthu achikulire omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2) - magazi amawonjezereka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale shuga komanso magazi ambiri. Izi zimatha kuwonjezera kuchepa kwa madzi komanso kusowetsa madzi m'thupi. Magazi a shuga m'magazi amatha kufika 33.3 mmol / L (600 mg / dl). Ngati simusiyidwa, hyperosmolar syndrome imatha kukupweteketsani mphamvu m'thupi komanso ngakhale kupweteka.

Hyperglycemia ingayambitse matenda a diabetesic ketoacidosis

Ndikofunika kuyang'anira hyperglycemia, chifukwa vutoli limatha kubweretsa vuto lowopsa lomwe limayambitsa matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis, omwe angayambitse kukomoka komanso ngakhale kufa. Ketoacidosis samapezeka kawirikawiri mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, monga lamulo, amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1.

Kuchuluka kwa glucose okwanira kumatanthawuza kuti maselo a thupi samatha glucose kuti apeze mphamvu zochuluka. Zotsatira zake, thupi limasinthira kuwonongeka kwa minofu yake yamafuta kuti lipeze mphamvu kuchokera ku mafuta acids. Kuwonongekaku kumayambitsa mapangidwe a ma ketones, omwe amachititsa kuchuluka kwa acidity ya magazi.

Dongosolo la matenda ashuga ketoacidosis imafuna chisamaliro chamankhwala, ndipo limodzi ndi hyperglycemia ndi zizindikiro zake, zimadziwoneka motere:

kusanza kapena kusanza
kupweteka kwam'mimba
zipatso zimanunkhira pamene ukupuma
kugona kapena chisokonezo
Hyperventilation (Kussmaul kupuma)
kusowa kwamadzi
kulephera kudziwa

Mutha kudziwa zambiri za matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis pano - matenda a shuga a ketoacidosis: zoyambitsa, Zizindikiro, chithandizo.

Hyperglycemia Prevention

Kuwongolera kwabwino matenda a shuga ndikuwonetsetsa mayeso a shuga m'magazi ndi njira zabwino kwambiri zopewera hyperglycemia.

Yang'anani magazi anu pafupipafupi. Yang'anani ndikulemba magazi anu tsiku lililonse. Fotokozerani izi kwa dokotala wanu mukamayendera.
Onetsetsani kudya kwanu kwamoto. Dziwani kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe mumadya nthawi iliyonse pachakudya ndi chakudya. Yesani kupitiriza kukula kwakakulimbikitsidwa ndi dokotala kapena wazakudya.
Khalani ndi dongosolo lochitira. Mwazi wamagazi ukamafika pamlingo wina, imwani mankhwalawo malinga ndi kuchuluka kwake, malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe wadya komanso nthawi yakudya.
Valani chovala chazachipatala chazindikiritso. Pakabuka vuto lalikulu, zibangili zamankhwala kapena makosi amkhosi zitha kuthandiza kuchenjeza opereka chithandizo chazachipatala za matenda anu a shuga.

Hyperglycemia - ndi chiyani?

Hyperglycemia ndi nthenda yotere yamatenda, pamene kuchuluka kwa glucose m'thupi kumapitilira milingo yovomerezeka.

Pali magawo angapo azovuta za vuto la hyperglycemic:

Hyperglycemia wofatsa - 6-10 mmol / l,
kuuma koopsa - 10-16 mmol / l,
kwambiri digiri - oposa 16 mmol / l.

Kuchuluka kwa glucose kumatsogolera ku mtundu wa precoma. Ngati chikufika pa 55,5 mmol / L, ndiye kuti kumatheka.

Kudalira kwamphamvu kwa kuzika kwakhazikika pazinthu ziwiri, ndicho kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa glucose komanso kuchuluka kwa ziwonetsero. Kuphatikiza apo, kusala kudya kwa hyperglycemia kumasiyanitsidwa pomwe, pambuyo pa kusala kwa maola 8, shuga amakhala oposa 7.2 mmol / L, ndi postprandial hyperglycemia (alimentary), momwe chisonyezo chikatha kudya chimadutsa 10 mmol / L.

Kuwongolera kwa glycemia: miyambo ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kupatuka

Mlingo wa shuga umatsimikiziridwa mu ma labotale pamaziko a kusanthula kwa capillary kapena venous magazi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito glucometer. Chipangizochi ndichabwino kwambiri kuwunikira chizindikiritso kunyumba. Kuyeza kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu pambuyo pakusala kudya pafupifupi maola 8-14.

Malingaliro a mibadwo yosiyana ndi yosiyana pang'ono:

makanda mpaka mwezi - 28.8-4.4 mmol / l,
ana osakwana zaka 14 - 3,3-5.6 mmol / l,
achikulire - 4.1-5.9 mmol / l,
amayi oyembekezera - 4.6-6.7 mmol / l.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hyperglycemia nthawi zambiri zimakhala za endocrine. Izi zikuphatikizapo matenda a shuga a mellitus, pheochromocyte, glucagonoma, tereotoxicosis, acromegaly.

Matendawa amapezekanso chifukwa chovuta kupanikizika, kudya kwambiri, zovuta za kudya, pamatenda oyambitsidwa ndi matenda opatsirana kapena osakhazikika.

Ngati mukukayikira matenda ashuga kapena zovuta zina za kagayidwe kazakudya, kuyeseza kulekerera kungachitike. Zimakhala kuti pambuyo pofufuza pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikofunikira kumwa magalamu 75 a shuga mu tiyi kapena madzi, pambuyo pake kuwunika mobwerezabwereza kumachitika pambuyo pa maola 1-2.

Akuluakulu

Kupezeka kwa hyperglycemia mwa akulu kungadziwike ndi zotsatirazi:

chizungulire ndi mutu
kukodza pafupipafupi
ludzu lochulukirapo
kugona ndi kutopa kwambiri,
womvera
thukuta
kuchepa kwa chidwi,
kuwonda
nseru
mphwayi
Khungu.

Mwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, zizindikiro za hyperglycemia nthawi zambiri sizikupezeka, popeza matendawa ndi ofatsa. Zizindikiro zimadziwika makamaka ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda. Nthawi zambiri umatha ludzu komanso kukodza pafupipafupi.

Mu ana, zotsatirazi zitha kudziwika:

kuthamanga kwa magazi pankhope,
mutu
kamwa yowuma
masomphenya osalala
khungu lowuma
kupuma movutikira
kusanza ndi kusanza
kugona ndi ulesi,
kukomoka mtima,
kupweteka kwam'mimba.

Pa nthawi yoyembekezera

Mwa amayi apakati, zizindikiro zina za hyperglycemia zimatha kusokonezeka ndi zizindikiro za kutenga, mwachitsanzo, kukodza mwachangu.

Kuphatikiza pa zodziwika bwino, azimayi oyembekezera amatha kupuma movutikira, kugona movutikira, kulimbitsa chidwi nthawi yomweyo monga kuchepa thupi, komanso kupweteka kwamisempha.

Muzochitika izi, thandizo lachipatala ladzidzidzi likufunika. Poyerekeza ndi matendawo ndi kufooka kwa chitetezo chokwanira, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ndi matenda ena ndi wokwera.

Kodi chifukwa chiyani shuga wambiri ndi woopsa?

Matenda a shuga amawopa mankhwalawa, ngati moto!

Muyenera kungolemba ...

Hyperglycemia imatha kubweretsa zotsatira zoyipa, chifukwa chake ndikosavomerezeka kukhazikitsa vutoli, ndikofunikira nthawi yomweyo kulandira chithandizo.

Nanga ngozi yake ndi iti?

Choyamba, kuthamanga kwa shuga kumabweretsa kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya, pambuyo pake pamakhala mavuto ndi madzi, mapuloteni, lipid bwino.

Zotsatira zake zimakhala zopanda chakudya cha maselo, chifukwa chomwe amayamba kugwirira ntchito ndikufa. Khungu lowuma, kutsitsi, kukula kwa tsitsi kumachepa, kupoleka kwa mabala, kupenya kwamaso kumakulirakulira. Vuto la minyewa imawonedwanso, atherosulinosis imayamba. Chifukwa cha minofu necrosis, lameness kapena gangrene ndizotheka.

Kwa minofu ya minofu, hyperglycemia imabweretsa mavuto monga kupweteka, kukokana, kupukusa minofu, kutopa msanga. Vutoli limaperekanso kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi, kuchepa kwakukulu kwa thupi, chifukwa cha zomwe zimapangitsa kuti endocrine system ipangike.

Milingo yokwezeka ya glucose ndiyowopsa pamitsempha yamanjenje, makamaka chifukwa chakuti zotsatira zake zimatha kuzindikira pokhapokha nthawi yayitali. Kuperewera kwa zakudya muubongo kumabweretsa kufa kwa maselo am'mitsempha, ma cell aubongo, omwe amatha kuyambitsa magazi kapena edema.

Choyamba thandizo la kugunda kwa hyperglycemic

Mukazindikira zizindikiritso za vuto la hyperglycemic, chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Ngati shuga ndiwambiri kwambiri, ndiye kuti muyenera nthawi yomweyo kumwa zamadzi zambiri.

Munthu wodalira insulin amafunikira jakisoni, pambuyo pake ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga komanso kuwonetsa kwa zizindikiro.

Jakisoni amatha kubwereza ngati kuli koyenera. Wodwala yemwe samadalira insulin ayenera kusokoneza acidity m'thupi. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito masamba, zipatso, madzi amchere, koma ochepa. Pazifukwa izi, yankho la koloko yophika ndi yoyenera. Malita 1-2 a koloko amatengedwa pa lita imodzi yamadzi.

Pambuyo pakugwiritsa ntchito yankho lotere, ndikofunikira kumwa madzi amchere kwambiri momwe mungathere. Ngati, ngakhale pali mfundo zamatenda a glucose zambiri, munthu akumva bwino, ndiye kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungathandize kuti achepetse mwachilengedwe.

Ngati njira izi sizinapange zotsatira zake, ndikofunikira kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala, makamaka ngati hyperglycemia imayendera limodzi ndi kusokonezeka kapena kuwonongeka. Izi zikugwiranso ntchito kwa kholo. Dokotala asanafike, thaulo lopukutidwa ndi madzi ofunda liyenera kuyikidwa pakhungu.

Mfundo zachithandizo

Hyperglycemia iyenera kuthandizidwa mokwanira, osati mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala amodzi.

Ntchito yayikulu ndikuchotsa matenda omwe adayambitsa kuwoneka kwa glucose okwera.

Kuphatikiza pa chithandizo chamankhwala, ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya zinazake.

Njira zina zochiritsira zingathandizenso. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira nthawi zonse kuwonetsedwa. Ayenera kuwezedwa m'mawa, asanagone, akamaliza kudya. Kuti muchite izi, nduna ya zamankhwala iyenera kukhala ndi glucometer.

Kufikira mulingo wa 10-13 mmol / l ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchita zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi. Ngati achulukitsidwa, ndiye kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nkosavomerezeka, koma muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Mankhwala

Mankhwala amakhala ochepa pamenepa. Chithandizo chachikulu ndi insulin.

Kugwiritsa ntchito ndikofunikira pa matenda a shuga 1. Ngati mkati mwa mphindi 20 palibe kuchepa kwa shuga, ndiye kuti muyezo uyenera kuyambiranso.

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu wachiwiri, insulin siyofunikira, koma mankhwala ochepetsa shuga adzafunika. Kuti asankhidwe, kufunsa ndi endocrinologist ndikofunikira, yemwe angapereke mankhwala othandizira ndi mlingo wake. Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo atha kukulemberani mankhwala opangira mankhwalawa omwe amachititsa kuti insulini ipangidwe.

Zakudya za odwala matenda ashuga

Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga kumadalira chakudyacho, kotero kusintha kwake kuyenera kuvomerezedwa.

Mankhwala abwino, choyambirira, amafunika kuchepetsa kudya zamafuta. Sikoyenera kuwasiya kwathunthu, komabe, kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kuchepetsedwa.

Maswiti aliwonse ndi makeke ayenera kuchotsedwa kwathunthu.. Zakudya zamagalimoto zovuta monga pasitala, mbatata, nyemba, ndi chimanga ziyenera kudyedwa zochuluka. Ndizosavomerezeka kuphatikiza zokazinga, zamchere, zosuta, komanso zonunkhira zazakudya.

Muyenera kudya osachepera 5-6 patsiku, ndipo magawo azikhala ochepa, ndibwino kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa madyerero ngati pakufunika.

Zakudya zomanga thupi ndi ndiwo zamasamba zizikhala zofunika kwambiri. Muyenera kudya zipatso, koma lokoma ndi wowawasa ndi wowawasa mwachitsanzo, maapulo, zipatso, zipatso.

Zithandizo za anthu zimachepetsa shuga m'magazi

Pali njira zambiri za wowerengeka, mosiyana ndi mankhwala. Odziwika kwambiri ndi awa:

chikwama cha mbuzi. Ikani msuzi musanazizire m'gulu la lita imodzi ya madzi ndi supuni 5 za udzu. Imwani kapu imodzi kanayi pa tsiku,
Sophora waku Japan. Tincture wakonzedwa mkati mwa mwezi mogwirizana ndi 0,5 l vodka ndi supuni ziwiri za mbewu. Muyenera kumwa katatu patsiku supuni imodzi,
muzu wa dandelion. Muumirire kwa theka la ola molingana ndi kapu ya madzi otentha ndi supuni ya zopangira. Msuzi ndi wokwanira tsiku kuti uzilandira maulendo 4,
lilac masamba. Muumirize maola 6 mu gawo la 400 ml ya madzi otentha ndi miyala yampso zingapo. Muyenera kumwa mu 4 Mlingo wogawika.

Makanema okhudzana nawo

Zizindikiro zazikulu za hyperglycemia ndi njira zochepetsera shuga m'magazi:

Chifukwa chake, hyperglycemia imakhala ndi zovuta zoyipa popanda kulandira chithandizo munthawi yake, chifukwa chomwe zovuta zina zimakhudza ziwalo zambiri mthupi la munthu. Ndikofunikira kuzindikira zomwe zikuwonekera panthawi yake ndikupita kuchipatala. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Njira zazikulu

Zochita za algorithm yoletsa hyperglycemia mu shuga ndizosavuta. Thandizo loyamba silifuna kulowererapo kwakukulu. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuyeza kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer, yomwe imayenera kukhala mwa wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Kugwiritsa ntchito ndikosavuta: muyenera kuboola nsonga ya chala chanu, chotsani dontho loyamba la magazi ndi swab ya thonje youma, kenako ikani dontho lotsatiralo poyesa mzere. Pambuyo masekondi angapo, chipangizocho chikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Ngati palibe glucometer pafupi, muyenera kupeza mwayi woyeza kuchuluka kwa glucose m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Zikakhala zoyipa ku chipatala, ofesi ya dotolo nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mita yodzidzimutsa.

Ngati shuga apamwamba kuposa 14 mmol / L komanso mawonekedwe a hyperglycemia amadziwika, ambulansi iyenera kuyitanidwa. Ngati vutolo ndi lalikulu, muyenera kumasula zovala zanu, kumasula lamba wanu, lulani mawindo kuti mpweya uzituluka.

Ngati wodwalayo sakudziwika, ndikofunikira kumuyikira kumbali yake, nkhope yake pansi kuti asasanza m'mapapu. Ngati wozunzidwayo wasala chikumbumtima, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kupumira ndikuwunika, ngati kuli kotheka, kukakamizidwa ndi kugunda kwa mtima mphindi zochepa zilizonse ambulansi isanabwere.

Jakisoni wokha wa insulin amene angathandize ndi hyperglycemic chikomokere!

Akafika ambulansi, dokotala amayeza kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikupanga jakisoni wa insulin. Uwu ndi chithandizo choyamba chokhala ndi vuto la chikomokere. Hyperglycemic coma imafunika kuchipatala komwe kuli odwala. Ndizosatheka kuyambitsa insulini popanda kufunsa katswiri, popeza ndi madokotala okha omwe angadziwe mtundu wofunikira.

Hyperglycemia panthawi yapakati iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi endocrinologist, gynecologist, ndi neonatologist. Pa nthawi yomwe mayi ali ndi pakati, matenda a shuga amatha. Hyperglycemia pa nthawi ya mimba imatha kuchitika.

Hyperglycemia ndi hyperglycemic coma ndizovuta kwambiri zomwe zimafuna kuwongolera mwachangu. Ngati zizindikiro zilizonse za hyperglycemia zikuwoneka, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.