Mndandanda wa glycemic wa beets wowiritsa komanso waiwisi, zopatsa mphamvu, zopindulitsa ndi zovuta

Monga momwe zilili ndi kaloti, koyambirira kwenikweni kwa mbiri yapa beets, nsonga za chomera ichi zinali zotchuka kwambiri, i.e. masamba.
Aroma akale ankawanyika mu vinyo, okazinga ndi tsabola ndipo amadyedwa.

Dziko lokhala ndi beets ndi Mediterranean, ndipo idabwera ku Russia, mwina m'zaka za zana la 11 kuchokera ku Byzantium.

Mndandanda wa glycemic wa beets ndi magawo 30. Apa ndiye kuti, mu mtundu waiwisi. Pa chithandizo cha kutentha, kachilombo ka GI kamatulutsa magawo 65.
Masamba achichepere odabwitsa awa amadya tsopano. GI yawo ndi zigawo 15 zokha.

Beets ya kalori: 40 kcal pa 100g.

Zothandiza zimatha beets.

Ndi anemia komanso kupewa avitominosis, ndi scurvy ndi matenda oopsa, kuyeretsa m'mimba, matumbo ndi mitsempha yamagazi - awa ndi magawo onse azachipatala omwe ma beets angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Chifukwa chakuti mndandanda wa glycemic wa beets ndi wotsika kwambiri (30), ndikulimbikitsidwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga ngati chakudya chowonjezera.

Kugwiritsa ntchito ma beets kosangalatsa komanso kofunika kwambiri ndi Pulofesa Bolotov. Iyenera kupukutidwa, kulekanitsa zamkati ndi madzi.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kumeza zamkati mwanjira ya nandolo yaying'ono, popanda kunyowa ndi malovu. Njira yodyera beets iyi imathandizira kuchotsa zitsulo zozama ndi mchere kuchokera mthupi la munthu, imatsuka babu ndi duodenal m'mimba.
Amakhulupirira kuti zamkati zimatha kudyedwa mkati mwa masiku 5-7 mutatha kukonzekera.

Madzi a Beetroot amawabweza ndikuwamwa musanakagone kapena musanadye.

Pambuyo pa chemotherapy, odwala khansa amalangizidwa kuti azidya nyama yapa beets tsiku lililonse kapena madzi omwe amapezeka kuchokera ku mizu yazomera izi.

Ma organic acid ndi CHIKWANGWANI, chomwe chili mgalimotoyi, chimakulitsa matumbo. Chifukwa chake, beetroot yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa kudzimbidwa: 100 magalamu asanadye.

Masamba a masamba a beet amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pokonzekera saladi zosiyanasiyana, beetroots kapena borsch. Kuti muwongolere kukoma kwawo, ndikofunikira kuti tiwakhazikitse mu msuzi wavinyo.

Beetroot Kapangidwe

Beetroot imakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri, michere, micro- ndi ma microelements ambiri. Amamuyesedwa ngati "mfumukazi yamasamba." Pali zakudya zambiri zochokera pamagwiritsidwe ake.

Gome: "Beets: BZHU, zopatsa mphamvu, GI"

100 g ya masamba osakhwima okhala ndi masamba:
42 kcal
1.5 g mapuloteni
0,1 g mafuta
8,8 g chakudya
86 g madzi
Vitamini C - 10 mg
Vitamini E - 0,5 mg
glycemic index - 30 mayunitsi.

Sichinsinsi kuti chithandizo cha kutentha chimakhudza mwachindunji GI ya zinthu. Mukaphika, index ya glycemic ya beets imachulukitsa pafupifupi kawiri ndipo imakhala 65.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito beets mu shuga

Beets yaiwisi, komanso nsonga zake, zomwe zimakhala ndi GI ya 15, zitha kuphatikizidwa pakachulukidwe pankhani ya zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

100 g ya masamba osakhwima okhala ndi masamba:

42 kcal 1.5 g mapuloteni 0,1 g mafuta 8,8 g chakudya 86 g madzi Vitamini C - 10 mg Vitamini E - 0,5 mg glycemic index - 30 mayunitsi.

Sichinsinsi kuti chithandizo cha kutentha chimakhudza mwachindunji GI ya zinthu. Mukaphika, index ya glycemic ya beets imachulukitsa pafupifupi kawiri ndipo imakhala 65.

Contraindication

Kuphatikiza pa odwala matenda ashuga, beets imalembedwa m'magulu ena a anthu. Izi zikuphatikiza:

  • hypotonic
  • anthu odwala matenda a impso,
  • odwala ndi acidity yayikulu.

Momwe mungadyere beets ndi shuga

Ngati kugwiritsa ntchito mizu mukukayikira, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Matenda a shuga si matenda osavuta. Zimafunikira kuti munthu azisamala kwambiri ndi zinthu zonse zomwe zimaphatikizidwa muzakudya zake. Matenda a shuga sangachiritsidwe, koma mutha kuthana nawo. Zakudya ndizomwe amachiritsira.

GI ya beets, zopatsa mphamvu komanso zopatsa thanzi

Kutengera njira yodzikongoletsera ndi gawo lamasamba, index ya glycemic ya beets imatenga zotsatirazi:

  • nsombazi - 15,
  • beets yaiwisi - 30 magawo,
  • beets yophika - 65 mayunitsi.

Popanga zakudya, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kulingalira njira zamankhwala othandizira kutentha kwa magawo osiyanasiyana a beets ndikuwongolera machitidwe ake pakumwa. Beets ya kalori ndi yotsika ndipo imangokhala 42 kcal pa 100g.

Mtengo wa zakudya pa 100 g:

  • mapuloteni - 1.5 g,
  • mafuta - 0,1 g
  • chakudya - 8.8 g
  • CHIKWANGWANI chakudya - 2.5 g,
  • madzi - 86g.
  • mono- ndi ma disaccharides - 8.7 g,
  • wowuma - 0,1 g
  • phulusa - 1 g.

Zakudya zozikidwa pa beets ndizofala. Chifukwa cha zake zapadera, chakudyachi chimakhala ndi mavitamini komanso michere yambiri yothandiza.

Mphamvu zakuchiritsa zamasamba

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kwa bioflavonoid, msuzi wa beetroot umagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza chimbudzi ndi kagayidwe. Beetroot amatsuka thupi ndikuchotsa poizoni. Mitundu yonse yamatenda am'matumbo, monga colitis, kudzimbidwa, imathandizidwa bwino ndi beets.

Madokotala a mankhwala achikhalidwe amagwiritsa ntchito infusions zosiyanasiyana ndikufinya kwa beets zochizira zotupa zoyipa. Mavitamini B9 ochulukirapo amathandiza polimbana ndi matenda a mtima. Zotsatira za beets ndizothandiza kwambiri pamatenda amwazi. Ndi kutopa, kutopa, beets - chinthu chabwino kwambiri.

Mphamvu zotsutsana ndi ukalamba wa beets zimakhala ndi phindu pa chamoyo chonse. Madzi amachitira mwachangu chimfine, ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopeweretsera kutupa kwa Prostate.

Mndandanda wa glycemic wa beets owiritsa: lingaliro, tanthauzo, kuwerengera, malamulo a kuchepa thupi komanso maphikidwe okhala ndi beets yophika

Kanema (dinani kusewera).

Beetroot (aka beetroot) ndi imodzi mwamasamba otchuka kwambiri mdziko lathu. Zakudya zambiri zimakonzedwa: ma saladi, sopo, mbale zazikulu komanso mchere. Chodabwitsachi chimatha kudyedwa chonsechi komanso chophika.

Maphikidwe okhala ndi beets, maubwino ndi zovulaza zamasamba awa, tsamba la glycemic la beetroot - zonsezi tiziwona m'nkhaniyi.

Beetroot ndiyabwino chifukwa imakhala ndi michere yambiri. Zinthu zonsezi sizimatha kuthyoka nthawi ya kutentha, chifukwa ma beets amathandizanso mwanjira iliyonse: yophika kapena tchizi.

Kanema (dinani kusewera).

Beetroot ili ndi mavitamini a gulu B, P, PP. Komanso, masamba amakometsera kukhalapo kwa zinthu zotsatirazi zomwe zimafunikira thupi: sulfure, iron, ayodini, potaziyamu, cesiamu, komanso ma amino acid ambiri (betanin, arginine).

Mndandanda wa glycemic umawonetsa kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimakhudza kuwonjezeka kwa shuga mthupi la munthu. Kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa malonda m'thupi, ndikoyenera kwambiri kuwonekera kwa glycemic index.

Zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi glycemic yayikulu (mtengo wokwanira ndi 100) zimathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi. Mtengo uwu uyenera kuwonedwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga komanso omwe amatsatira chiwerengero chawo.

Zogulitsa zamtundu wa Glycemic zimagawidwa m'mitundu itatu:

  • zokhala ndi zapamwamba (kuyambira 70 ndi pamwambapa),
  • ndi zapakatikati (kuyambira 59 mpaka 60),
  • otsika kwambiri (58 ndi pansi).

Mndandanda wamtundu wa glycemic ndi zopatsa mphamvu sizinthu zofanana. Ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwachiwiri, chizindikiro choyamba chikhoza kukhala chochepa. Ndipo mosiyanasiyana: ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic, zopatsa mphamvu za calorie zomwe sizingadutse 30 kcal pa gramu 100.

Komanso magwiridwe azinthu za mzere umodzi amatha kusiyanasiyana. Ngati titenga index ya glycemic ya beets ndi kaloti mwachitsanzo, ndiye kuti ali kutali ndi ofanana. Tiyeni tikambirane pansipa.

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kunena kuti ngati mukufuna kuti mankhwalawo asakhudze kuwonjezeka kwa shuga mthupi, ndiye kuti ayenera kudyedwa osaphika.

Mndandanda wa glycemic wa beets wophika ndi zosaphika amasiyana kwambiri. Raw beetroot ali ndi chisonyezo - 30, komanso chophika - 65. Mutha kuwona kuti glycemic index ya beets yophika kwambiri imachulukitsa shuga zomwe zili mthupi. Chifukwa chake, ngati mutsatira chithunzi chanu, ndiye kuti yesani kudya ndiwo zamasamba zomwe sizinapatsidwe kutentha.

Mwa njira, mutha kudya osati msuzi wazipatso zokha, komanso masamba ake. Ali ndi chiwonetsero ichi ndi magawo 15 okha.

Tiyeni tiyerekeze mndandanda wazakudya zam'mimbazi zophika ndi kaloti. Omalizirawa ali ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu kwambiri - 85.

M'pofunika kunena mawu omaliza: beets ndi kaloti atha kukhalapo mukudya kwanu, koma pokhapokha mutadya masamba awa osaphika.

Ngakhale glycemic index ya beets yophika ndiyambiri, koma kachiromboka sikataya michere yake, ngakhale atakhala kuti amathandizidwa ndi kutentha. Chidacho chimayenera kukhala patebulo la aliyense, chifukwa chili ndi antioxidants ambiri. Zambiri Zambiri:

  1. Zakudya zomwe zimapanga ma beets ndizabwino kwa anthu amisinkhu iliyonse. Izi zimathandiza thupi kuthana ndimavuto azachilengedwe, kupsinjika ndi matenda a virus.
  2. Kwa akazi, beets ikuyenera kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa masamba amakhala ndi chitsulo chochuluka, chomwe chingathandize thupi kuthana ndi magazi m'thupi nthawi yapakati kapena masiku ovuta.
  3. Amuna omwe amagwiritsa ntchito beets kangapo pa sabata amalimbitsa mphamvu yaimuna.
  4. Beets yaiwisi ndi njira yodabwitsa yachilengedwe kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kudzimbidwa. Beets imatha kuyeretsa m'mimba ndi matumbo kuchokera kuzakumwa. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuchuluka kwaminga yambiri yomwe ili mumtengawu.
  5. Beets imakhala ndi zochepa calorie: 43 kcal pa 100 magalamu azinthu zokha. Mtengowo suvulaza iwo omwe amatsatira chiuno!
  6. 100 gm ya beets imakhala ndi tsiku lililonse potaziyamu, magnesium ndi chlorine.
  7. Beets amathandizira kukonza kagayidwe kazakudya.

  1. Izi siziyenera kudyedwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la gastritis ndipo ali ndi acidity yayikulu m'mimba. Beets ndimtundu wa acidic ndipo imatha kuvulaza anthu awa.
  2. Komanso, musadye beets kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa calcium mthupi. Burak imalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa michereyi.
  3. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga saloledwa kudya beets owiritsa! Popeza glycemic index ya ophika beets ndiwokwera kwambiri. Kwa iwo, ndizololedwa kudya masamba osaphika okha.
  4. Anthu omwe ali ndi urolithiasis ayeneranso kudutsa ma beets owiritsa.
  5. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, beets imathandizira kuyeretsa matumbo. Ngati munthu akudwala matenda otsegula m'mimba, ndibwino kukana kudya zamasamba.

Lamulo lalikulu lochepetsera kunenepa ndi kudya zakudya zama calorie ochepa ndikuyenda zina zambiri. Beets imatha kuonedwa ngati chakudya chamtengo wapatali, chifukwa masamba sakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zambiri. Beets ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mbale zambiri. Ganizirani maphikidwe angapo azikhalidwe.

Mbale yoyamba yomwe imabwera m'maganizo zikafika pa beets ndi borsch. Anthu ambiri amadziwa Chinsinsi chake: kabichi, beets, anyezi ndi msuzi wa nyama. Pansipa pali mtundu wachilendo wa borscht - wokhala ndi ma bordb. Idzakopa onse akulu ndi ana.

Mndandanda wamtundu wamtundu wotere wa borscht ndi magawo 30 okha.

  • nyama yoboola (nkhumba kapena ng'ombe) - 300 magalamu,
  • theka la dzira
  • supuni ya mayonesi,
  • kabichi - 300 magalamu,
  • kaloti - chinthu chimodzi
  • anyezi
  • mbatata - zazikulu 3,
  • beets - zidutswa ziwiri,
  • phala la phwetekere - 20 magalamu,
  • tsabola wofiyira - 1 chidutswa,
  • mchere, zonunkhira, tsabola,
  • shuga - ma pini angapo
  • clove wa adyo
  • amadyera ndi kirimu wowawasa potumikira.
  1. Kuphatikiza kwa borsch ndi ma meatball ndikuti palibe chifukwa chophikira msuzi. Ikani malita asanu amoto pamoto ndikuyika mizu ya peel kale poto. Pomwe bichiyo imaphikidwa, masamba ena amatha kukonzekera.
  2. Tsabola wophika uyenera kudulidwa kukhala n'kupanga, kuwaza kabichi, kuwaza kalotiyo pa grarse grater, ndikudula anyezi ndi mbatata ang'onoang'ono.
  3. Tsopano mutha kuyamba kupanga ma boardb. Sakanizani mayonesi, dzira, mchere, tsabola ndi nyama yozama mumbale imodzi. Kuchokera pazotsatira, muyenera kupanga mipira yaying'ono. Langizo: kuti mipira ikhale yoyera, nthawi ndi nthawi nyowetsani manja anu m'madzi ozizira.
  4. Pofika nthawi ino, beets iyenera kuphika kale. Iyenera kukhala yofewa. Chotsani mu poto ndikuthira madzi mu poto mpaka malita 5 (ngati madzi ataphika). Ikani kabichi m'madzi ndi mchere. Pambuyo pa mphindi 10-12, mutha kuwonjezera masamba otsalawo (kupatula anyezi ndi kaloti), mipira ya nyama ndi masamba a bay kutuluka kwa borsch.
  5. Grate the beets.
  6. Mwachangu kaloti ndi anyezi mu poto, kuwonjezera phwetekere phala ndi beets, theka kapu yamadzi ndi shuga kwa iwo mu mphindi zochepa. Stew masamba pansi pa mug kwa mphindi 6.
  7. Osakaniza kuchokera poto ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku borsch pokhapokha ngati ma batchi atakonzeka.
  8. Magawo omaliza mu borscht amawonjezedwa adyo ndi zitsamba. Wiritsani kwa mphindi pafupifupi ziwiri ndikuzimitsa.

Borsch iyenera kupukusidwa kwa pafupifupi maola awiri. Mukatumikira, mutha kukongoletsa ndi zitsamba zatsopano ndikuwonjezera zonona wowawasa. Ngati mungatsatire chithunzichi, mutha kupanga mtundu wazakudya za borsch, chifukwa ndikofunikira kupatula mayonesi ku Chinsinsi ndikupeza mafuta ochepa a ng'ombe yophika nyama.

Nsonga za Beet ndizodzaza ndi mavitamini ndi michere. Zimapangitsa kukhala ndi zakudya zabwino komanso zosangalatsa. Izi zimaphika, kukonzedwa nthawi yozizira, kuwonjezera kwa ma pie ndi soup zimaphika kuchokera pamenepo. Saladi kuchokera kumtunda wa beet ndiabwino kwambiri. Pansipa pali njira imodzi mwazomwezi.

Mlozera wa glycemic wa saladiwu suyenera kupitilira mtengo wa mayunitsi 27.

  • nsombazi - 400 magalamu,
  • amadyera aliwonse (katsabola, parsley, letesi) - 200 magalamu,
  • supuni ya mafuta a masamba (osati azitona),
  • njere za mpiru - 10 magalamu,
  • mutu umodzi wa anyezi (makamaka ofiira),
  • adyo - 2 cloves,
  • walnuts wosoka - supuni ziwiri,
  • mchere.
  1. Muzimutsuka masamba a beets bwino komanso kuwaza bwino.
  2. Pakani mafuta poto ndi mafuta. Ikani njere za mpiru. Mwachangu kwa pafupifupi masekondi 30.
  3. Dulani anyezi mutizidutswa tating'ono. Ikani chiwaya mu mpiru. Mwachangu mpaka anyezi ndi bulauni (pafupifupi mphindi 3).
  4. Kenako, adyo wosankhidwa amatumizidwa ku poto (simungathe kuiphwanya). Mwachangu kwa zosaposa masekondi 30.
  5. Gawo lomaliza ndikuphika amadyera ndi nsonga. Viyikani mu poto mpaka mavu akutumphuka.
  6. Onjezani mchere kuti mulawe, sakanizani.
  7. Chotsa zomwe zili poto mu mbale ya saladi, kuwaza ndi mtedza.

Saladi iyi ndi yangwiro ngati mbale yam'mbali ya nyama kapena monga mbale yodziyimira payokha. Ngati angafune, nkhaka kapena radishi zitha kuwonjezeredwa ku saladi ndi masamba a beet.

Musanatumikire, saladiyo amatha kukonzedwa ndi kirimu wowawasa, mafuta a masamba kapena mandimu.

Burak sanadutse mbale zazikulu. Chimodzi mwazakudya zabwino kwambiri za beetroot ndi mphodza zamasamba. Chimakwanira bwino mu chakudya cha munthu yemwe amatsatira zakudya zoyenera.

Mndandanda wa glycemic wa mbale uli pafupifupi magawo 25-30.

  • kabichi - 500 magalamu,
  • phwetekere - chidutswa chimodzi,
  • kapu yamadzi
  • beets - zidutswa ziwiri,
  • tsabola - imodzi,
  • leek - 100 magalamu,
  • kaloti - kakang'ono kamodzi,
  • viniga 9% - 10 magalamu,
  • mchere kulawa
  • paprika ndi tsabola wakuda - supuni.
  1. Wiritsani beets. Peel ndi kusema ma cubes.
  2. Kuwaza kabichi, yikani suppan.
  3. Grate phwetekere, tumizani ku kabichi.
  4. Mchere, kuwonjezera madzi, simmer mpaka wachifundo.
  5. Dulani tsabola kukhala n'kupanga, kuwaza kaloti, kudula anyezi kukhala mphete. Mwachangu komaliza mu poto mpaka golide bulauni.
  6. Kenako, mu suppan imodzi, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza masamba onse: tsabola, kabichi, anyezi, beets ndi kaloti. Onjezani mchere ndi zonunkhira. simmer pa sing'anga kutentha mpaka otentha.

Beets mosakayikira ndiwopatsa thanzi. Musaiwale kuti muphatikize muzakudya zanu ndipo onetsetsani kuti mumadya kangapo pa sabata.

Mbiri ndi Kugwiritsa

Masamba amatanthauza herbaceous perennials. Imafalitsidwa kwambiri kum'mawa kwa Europe ndi Asia. Zigawo zonse za chomera zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu chakudya, koma mbewu za muzu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.Kuyambira mu 1747, chifukwa chogwira ntchito molimbika ya obereketsa, zinali zotheka kupanga mitundu yotchuka kwambiri masiku ano yotchedwa shuga beets.

Beets imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani azakudya ndi mankhwala, chifukwa cha chuma chake chochuluka. Amachokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya shuga yomwe shuga yoyera yoyera imapangidwa. Mtengo wamtunduwu ndi wa zinthu zam'mwamba zambiri, koma ngakhale zili ndi zinthu zambiri zopindulitsa. Zomera zomwe amazipanga zimadyedwa zonse mu mawonekedwe osaphika komanso zofunikira kukonza, komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti beets yophika sikothandiza kwenikweni kuposa yaiwisi.

Kapangidwe ka mbeu yazipatso chimaphatikizapo mavitamini ambiri azinthu zazing'ono komanso zazikulu, komanso michere ina yothandiza. Mizu ya Beet ili ndi pafupifupi mavitamini B onse: thiamine, pyridoxine, folic acid ndi cyanocobalamin. Komanso, beets imakhala ndi mavitamini okwanira osungunuka a vitamini A - retinol. Ponena za zinthu zogwiritsa ntchito, ma beets amakhala ndi zinthu zambiri monga potaziyamu, phosphorous, magnesium, chitsulo, ayodini ndi zinc. Makamaka odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kufufuza potaziyamu ndi phosphorous, zomwe zimalimbikitsa ntchito ya mtima.

Chuma china chamtengo wapatali kwambiri cha ichi ndi kuchuluka kwa ma antioxidants, omwe amalepheretsa kukalamba kwa minofu chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa metabolic komwe kumachitika ndi hyperglycemia. Betaine, yomwe ndi gawo la kapangidwe kameneka, imathandizira kutsegula kwa chakudya cham'mimba komanso lipid metabolism. Izi zimalimbitsa khoma la maselo chifukwa chophatikizika ndi phospholipids, kotero kugwiritsa ntchito mizu ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera kusintha kwa kusintha kwa ma atherosulinotic mu khoma la mtima.

Glycemic katundu

Izi zamasamba muzakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga zimakhala zotsutsana, chifukwa pankhani iyi zimakhala ndi mbali zabwino komanso zoipa. Ngakhale ndizosungira zinthu zambiri zotere zomwe zimakhala zofunikira mthupi, makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiwo zamasamba zambiri.

Zofunika kudziwa

Inde, simuyenera kusiyiratu kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu ichi, chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito masamba pang'ono sikungangovulaza thanzi, koma, m'malo mwake, kudzapatsa thupi zinthu zofunika. Kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga, ndibwino kudya masamba osaphika osaposa 100 g patsiku. Kuchuluka kwamasamba ngati amenewa sikungayambitse kukula kwa magazi m'thupi. Koma ndikofunikira kusiya beets owiritsa, chifukwa mwanjira iyi masamba amawonjezera kwambiri glycemic index.

Kusiya Ndemanga Yanu