Zizindikiro ndi mankhwala a pancreatic cysts

Kuchulukana kwa cystic mu kapamba kumawopseza ndi zovuta zazikulu, monga khansa, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kutsata chizindikiro cha matendawa kumayambiriro ndikuyamba chithandizo chanthawi yake, chomwe chingaphatikizidwe ndikuchotsa opaleshoni. Momwe mungazindikire matendawa munthawi yake ndikuletsa zovuta zake pambuyo pake m'nkhaniyo

Mapangidwe a patsekeke omwe amapangidwa mu kapamba (kapamba), wopangidwa ndi katemera wa kapamba ndi chotsekera minofu, amatchedwa cysts. Malo omwe adapangidwira ndi magawo okhathamira, pomwe matendawa amafa pang'onopang'ono kwa maselo a pancreatic ndi kulowetsedwa kwawo ndi minofu ya fibrous.

Ma cyst mu kapamba amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu ndipo amafunikira chithandizo ndi mankhwala, koma opaleshoni nthawi zambiri kuti achotse, zomwe zimatengera kukula kwa matenda. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro za cyst zimawonedwa kale kuyambira pakubadwa. Pankhani yakubadwa kwamtsogolo, mawonekedwe omwewo amapezekanso:

m'mimba mwa akazi
mu impso
m'maganizo
mu chiwindi, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimafunikira opaleshoni kutiichotse,

Ngati chotupa sichinawonedwe kuchokera kubadwa, ndiye pafupipafupi zifukwazomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi:

Pancreatitis pachimake ndi zizindikiro zotchulidwa,
Kukhalapo kwa kuvulala kwachikondwerero,
Mwachitsanzo, Helminthiasis, echinococcosis,
Maonekedwe a zotupa,

Zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pancreatic cysts ndi:

Kumwa mowa wambiri,
Matenda a Gallstone
Kunenepa kwambiri chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri,
Zotsatira za ntchito pamimba, matumbo, chiwindi, ndi zina zambiri.
Wodwala ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2

Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za chotupa cham'mimba, kupezeka mwatsatanetsatane kumafunikira kuti mumvetsetse zomwe zimayambitsa chiwonetsero cha matendawa. Izi zitha kuthandizira kuti pakhale chithandizo chokwanira komanso kudzithandiza nokha kuti muthane ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo poyambira osachira opaleshoni. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti izi ndizotheka kokha ndi zochepa za matenda. Ngati chotupa ndichofunika, ndiye kuti kudzichitira nokha pogwiritsa ntchito njira ndi njira za anthu ndizosatheka.

Mitundu ya Cysts

Gulu la magulu omwe amavomerezedwa ndi mankhwala amagawa ma cystic neoplasms onse mu kapamba:

Kuyatsa zoona, mwanjira ina yotchedwa congenital. Amawonekera ngakhale panthawi yopanga chiwalo muchiberekero. Mwachilengedwe, kukula kwa chotupa chotere ndi chokhazikika pa moyo wa munthu, popeza ma cell okha ogwirizana ndi squitheous epithelium amawona m'khola mwake. Ngati pali cholepheretsa ndi "chowonadi" chodziwika bwino cha pancreatic cyst, wodwalayo amakhala ndi vuto lotupa, lomwe pamapeto pake limayambitsa mapangidwe a fibrosis, omwe pang'onopang'ono amawonjezeka.
Mpaka zabodza, kapena ma pseudocysts, amaphatikiza mawonetseredwe a cystic mu kapamba, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a ziwalo zina zozikika, kuvulala, ndi zina.

Mtundu wina wolekanitsa ma cysts onse ndi malo achitukuko. Zikondamoyo ndi kachigawo kakang'ono, koma komwe malo omwe ma cyc imadziwonekera amasiyana kwambiri:

Mutu umakhudzidwa mu 14-16% ya milandu,
Mchira ndi thupi lotsalira 84-86%,

Kuposa 90% ya zinthu, zomwe zimapangitsa chotupa mu kapamba ndi kapamba, chifukwa cha chiwonetsero cha matendawa, pali gulu logawanika. Malinga ndi iye, milandu yonse yamatenda imakhudzana ndi:

lakuthwayodziwika ndi kupangika kwapang'onopang'ono kwa minofu ya fibrous, yokhala ndi mawonekedwe omveka bwino a makhoma omwe amapanga pomwe panali ma ducts, fiber kapena parineticous wosanjikiza.
aakulu (wogonjera). Pancreatic cyst yamtunduwu imatha kuwonedwa kumapeto kwa nthawi yovuta kwambiri,
zotupapamene mafinya awonekera m'matumbo owoneka bwino.

Mitundu yomaliza ya matendawa ndi olemera kwambiri muzizindikiro zopweteka ndipo imafunikira chithandizo cham'tsogolo, chokhala ndikuchotsa m'deralo.

Anthu osiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi cyst mu kapamba amawonetsa zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Kukula kwa mapangidwe ndikuwonetsetsa, malo achitetezo ndi mutu, mchira kapena thupi la kapamba. Choopsa china ndikupezeka kwa ma cysts angapo. Zikatero, zizindikirocho zimatchulidwa kwambiri.

Kukula kocheperako kwa chidindo cha fibrous sikuwonetsedwa kawirikawiri ndi chizindikiro chilichonse. Ndi kukula kwa kuchuluka kwa voliyumu, imayamba kukhudza magawo ena a cyst ndi ziwalo zoyandikana, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro:

Ululu. Kukhala ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana komanso kutulutsa kwina. Ululu nthawi zambiri umapangidwa nthawi zina, wowonetsedwa ndi kukomoka, wofanana ndi kapamba. Ngati zilonda zikupitirirabe, ndiye kuti sizichedwa kutha, ndipo zimakoka kapena kupweteka m'chilengedwe. Malo omwe gwero lazizindikiro zopweteka limakhala pansi pa nthiti m'dera la epigastric. Zowawa zimatha kumbuyo.
Zaphulika pamimba yapamwamba. Chizindikiro ichi chikuwonetsa kukula kwa pancreatic cyst, pomwe palibe njira zomwe zimatengedwa kuti zitha kuchitira. Muzochitika zotere, kuchotsedwa kumatheka kokha kudzera pakuchita opareshoni.
Matenda Am'mimba. Ngati kapamba sagwira ntchito moyenera, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amakhala ndi vuto lochulukirachulukira, kutsegula m'mimba, kutulutsa magazi, kuchepa thupi, nseru, kusowa kudya, ndi zina zambiri. Zizindikirozi ndizofala ndipo nthawi zambiri zimayamba kumayambiriro kwa matendawa. Munthu samvera chidwi ndi zizindikiro zotere, ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa amatha kuchitika koyambirira ndipo chifukwa chake, kuyambiranso kwa cyst.
Ndowe zopanda utoto ndi mkodzo wakuda. Izi zikuwonetsa chifukwa cha kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa m'mimba.
Chovala chowopsa. Ndi chiwindi pamenepa, chilichonse chili m'dongosolo, koma chotupa, chokhala ndi kukula kwakukulu, chimayamba kufinya ma ducts a bile, ndichifukwa chake zizindikiro za icteric zimawonekera. Kunyalanyaza matenda a kapamba, kusakhazikika kwa ndulu kumatsogolera ku mawonekedwe a miyala mu chikhodzodzo.

Zizindikiro za ma cysts akuluakulu mu kapamba ndizovuta chifukwa cha ziwalo zomwe zimayandikira.

Chithandizo, ma abscesses,
mawonekedwe a fistula,
Kupuma
Pakhoza kukhala chotumphukira mu cyst

Khansa Yapancreatic

Ngakhale cyst yocheperako imakhala pachiwopsezo cha khansa. Poyamba, minyewa yam'mimba imakhala yovuta, ndipo ngakhale kuchuluka kwake sikumayambitsa ziwopsezo zambiri ngati chotupa cha khansa.

Chuma chilichonse chimatha kuyambitsa kuperewera kwa khansa. Kutalika kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha komanso kuzindikiratu komwe kupezeka kwake kumadziwika, ndikuthekera kwambiri kosindikizidwa kukhala khansa yapancreatic. Chifukwa chake, mapangidwe a khansa zotupa zoterezi - kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kapamba, khansa.

Khansa ya pancreatic ndiyowopsa ndipo imakhala ndi mitengo yambiri komanso yakutali kwambiri ya metastasis.

Mavuto a Khansa

Kuphatikiza pa kuwonongeka kwa khansa, chiwonetsero cha cystic cha voliyumu yayikulu chimakhala ndi choopsa pachokha. Ndi zowonongeka zazikulu, zimatha kuchitika. chotupazomwe zimawopseza kutulutsa madzi m'mimba, peritonitis ndi kufa mwachangu. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi zazikulu zazikulu, ndizotheka kuphwanya mitsempha yamagazi, minofu ndi ziwalo zoyandikana. Kukula koteroko kwa zochitika kumabweretsa kutupa m'miyendo, dysuria, jaundice ndi ena.

Vuto linanso ndi fistula, chifukwa choti matendawa amatenga kachilomboka. Nthawi zina, ndi chotchinga m'matumbo chimawonedwa.

Kuzindikira

Ultrasound ndi chikhalidwe kuzindikiritsa cysts. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotsika mtengo komanso yotsika mtengo iyi, momwe ma kapamba ndi zida zozungulira zitha kuyamikiridwa. Mukalandira zotsatira zabwino, mayeso olondola amayankhidwa, kuphatikiza:

Kuyerekezera ndi maginito oyesa,
Angiography
Dziwani ndi laparoscopy
Kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndi chizindikiro cha hemoglobin, hematocrit, yomwe imathandiza kudziwa kutuluka kwa magazi.

Talandira deta yonse ndi anamnesis, kufufuza kumapangidwa, ma cyst amasankhidwa ndipo njira imasankhidwa momwe angachitire ziphuphu.

Njira zamankhwala zimatsatira mwachindunji kuchokera pakuzindikira. Magawo ounikira ndiwo kukula ndi zovuta zomwe zilipo. A cyst amatha kuthetsa pambuyo povomerezeka ndi mankhwala ndi mankhwala pokhapokha pang'ono, osakhudzidwa ndi zimakhala, kutupa, komanso kokha ndi chithandizo chamankhwala choyenera.

Ngati opaleshoni yakhazikitsidwa, ndiye kuti chotupa chochokera ku kapamba chimachotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana:

Ndi maopareshoni otseguka,
Percutaneous punctuation,
Opaleshoni ya Endoscopic

Ndi chotupa tating'onoting'ono popanda kusintha kwachidziwikire cha fibrotic, njira yosowerera yozindikira pancreas imasankhidwa. Ngati chithandizo cha mankhwala sichithandiza, ndiye kuti wodwala amamugwirira ntchito kuti apewe zovuta, zomwe chachikulu ndi khansa.

Mankhwala

Conservative mankhwala amasankhidwa ang'onoang'ono cystic formations. Njira zamankhwala zochizira ndikukhazikitsa mtima pansi ndikulimbitsa kudzipereka kwazinthu zopanga thupi zomwe zimapanga thupi. Magulu enieni a mankhwala amasiyanasiyana, timalemba mndandanda waukulu wa mankhwala:

Antiemetics
Mavuto opweteka a Antispasmodic
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Carminative
Opaleshoni am'mimba opweteka kwambiri,
Kutanthauza mapangidwe a microflora olondola pamimba,

Chofunikira pakuthandizira pancreatic cysts ndichakudya chowona, mfundo zoyambirira zomwe adzapatsidwe pansipa. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito zothandiza kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kapamba, makamaka chomera CHIKWANGWANI.

Opaleshoni yochotsa cyst

Chithandizo cha opaleshoni chimaphatikizapo njira zingapo zothandizira, timalemba pamunsi patebulo:

Mtundu wa opareshoni

Kufotokozera ndi Makhalidwe

Njira yochepetsera zotsatira za opareshoni. Mwanjira imeneyi, zisindikizo za cystic imodzi zimathandizidwa. Chinsinsi cha njirayi ndikuboola cyst ndikuyamwa zamkati ndi pampu yapadera.

Ndi opaleshoni iyi pa kapamba, chotupa chimatsegulidwa ndikuchita mankhwala a antiseptic. Kenako, kapisozi kamakololedwa kuti chigawo chizitha kugwira ntchito yake.

Ndi classical resection, chotupa chimachotsedwa limodzi ndi gawo la gland. Njira ngati imeneyi masiku ano imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati chithandizo chanthawi zina sichingatheke.

Kuchokera ku dzina lotsatira kuti ndi opaleshoni yotere, ntchitoyo ndikulepheretsa kukula kwa cyst. Chifukwa chake, opaleshoni yofananayi imaperekedwa kuti ikulitse kuchuluka kwa cystic body. Ma alcohols osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chosungunula. Pambuyo pokonza matenda, amasiya kukulira ndipo amafukula.

Mawonekedwe Amphamvu

Mukamachiza zikondamoyo, nkofunika kudya bwino kuti chipangizocho chisavutike pantchito. Patulani kwathunthu akutsatira mowa, zonunkhira, zonunkhira, msuzi wolemera, nyemba, zakudya yokazinga, kabichi. Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamagulu, zopangidwa ndi theka, popeza chimbudzi chawo chimatenga nthawi yayitali.

Zomwe ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi zakudya:

zopangidwa mkaka, makamaka zamafuta ochepa (mkaka, kirimu wowawasa, tchizi tchizi, tchizi),
mbewu za chimanga pamadzi,
mbale kuchokera ku mazira owiritsa kapena otentha,
Zoyaka ndi mkate wowuma,
nsomba zamafuta ochepa,
nyama yankhuku, komanso ng'ombe
masamba osaphika ndi zipatso ziyenera kutayidwa m'malo mophika,

Izi menyu sizingathandize pokhapokha ngati zilonda zam'mimba zimathanso, komanso zimathandizira kuti magwiridwe antchito a m'mimba azigwira bwino ntchito.

Njira zopewera

Njira yayikulu yodzitetezera yolimbana ndi cysts ndi zakudya zoyenera. Ngakhale zikondwererozo zimakhala ndi mtima wofuna kupangidwa ndi cystic, kudya moyenera kumathandizira kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito mokwanira komanso kuchepetsa mwayi wowoneka ngati fumbi.

Ngati pali umboni kapena cyst yapezeka koyambirira kwa chitukuko, ndikofunikira kuti iyesedwe miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse Ultrasound, CT kapena MRI. Ngati zizindikiro za ululu zikuyamba kuvuta, ndiye kuti simungathe kudzichitira nokha mothandizidwa ndi njira zina, popeza ma cyst pawokha samathetsa mwanjira iliyonse.

Ngati chotupa chokhudza kapamba chikapezeka munthawi yake, ndiye kuti matendawo amayambiranso zabwino. Pambuyo pa chithandizo, kuphatikizapo opaleshoni yochotsa, wodwalayo amabwerera mwakale. Masiku ano, opaleshoni yotereyi yapangidwa mokwanira ndipo sizikhala ndi ngozi zambiri kwa wodwala. Chofunikira popewa kubwereranso m'mbuyo ndikukana mowa komanso kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi.

M'malo momwe munthu akumva ululu kwanthawi yayitali, akuyembekeza kuti "udzikonza wokha", matendawa amakhala akuipiraipira. Ndi zazikulu zazikulu, ziwalo zolumikizidwa zimaponderezedwa, zomwe zimawonjezera matenda atsopano ndi zovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthekera kwa kusinthika kwa fibrosis m'maselo a khansa kumawonjezeka. Zikhala zovuta kutsimikizira kuchira pamenepa.

Chithunzi chachipatala cha matenda

Zikondwererozi zimachita nawo gawo la chimbudzi, kupanga ma enzyme ofunikira. Kukhalapo kwa chotupa pa icho kumakhudza ntchito yachinsinsi, chifukwa chake munthu amayamba kukumana ndi mavuto am'mimba. Zizindikiro zake zikuluzikulu zitatha kudya zakudya zolemera, zamafuta, kapena zonunkhira.

Pang'onopang'ono, ululu umawonekera kwambiri ndikulimba. Izi ndi ziwopsezo zomwe zimamangidwa pakati. Zizindikiro zina zimawonjezeredwa pa izi: nseru ndi kusanza, kutulutsa magazi ndi m'mimba. Koma ngakhale chopondapo ndichopanda tanthauzo, chimakhala chamafuta kwambiri ndi fungo labwino.

Ngati simukuonana ndi dokotala panthawiyi, matendawa ayamba kukulira. Zofooka zambiri zimakhalapo pafupipafupi, kulemera kumawoneka kumanzere kwa hypochondrium, khungu ndi khungu limayang'ana chikasu, kukodza kumachulukirachulukira. Pakachitika ngozi zadzidzidzi, chotupa chikakhala chachikulu kwambiri kapena kuphulika, chikomokere chimatha kuchitika.

Mwa njira! Kutuluka kwam'mimba pansi pa sternum ndi chizindikiro china cha kukhalapo kwa cyst yayikulu mu kapamba. Mukamapanikizika pakukulitsa, wodwalayo amamva kuwawa.

Zisonyezero zochotsa cyst

Pancreatic cysts sikuti nthawi zonse amafunika kuchotsedwa. Mwachitsanzo, pseudocyst yomwe imachitika ngati chinthu chovuta pambuyo pancreatitis yayikulu imasokoneza wodwala ndi kupweteka kwa paroxysmal masiku angapo. Kenako amatsika, ndipo maphunziro a cystic amasintha popanda chithandizo. Ngati chotupa chikuchitika chifukwa cha matenda kapamba, ndiye kuti sichingadutse, koma chiwonjezereka.

Chizindikiro chofunikira pakuchotsa opaleshoni ndikukula kwa cyst. Amakhulupirira kuti opaleshoni ndiyofunikira ngati mapangidwewo ali oposa 5 cm, chifukwa ndi 25% ya kutalika kwa kapamba. Komanso, cyst imayenera kuchotsedwa mwachangu ngati ili ndi chikhalidwe chotupa, chomwe chimatsimikiziridwa kale ndi ultrasound kapena MRI.

Mwa njira! Zizindikiro zowopsa sizizindikiro chotsimikiza kuti ma cyst achotsedwa, chifukwa amatha kukhala osakhalitsa. Potere, ululu umayimitsidwa ndi antispasmodics, ndipo ntchito yam'mimba imayendetsedwa ndi chakudya.

Kutengera mtundu wa kapangidwe ka cystic (kosavuta kapena kuphatikizidwa ndi fistulas, mafuta opaka, maliseche) ndi malo ake, njira ziwiri zamankhwala othandizira opaleshoni zimasiyanitsidwa: resection and drainage.

Pancreatic mutu cyst kuchotsa

Nthawi zambiri (pafupifupi 17% ya milandu), ma cyst amapezeka pamutu wa chiwalo. Awa ndi malo omwe amaphatikizira duodenum, kotero ma cystic misa amatha kuipondereza. Ndipo ngati kupanikizika ndikulimba, opaleshoni ikhoza kutumizidwa ndi ma centimeter cyst. Kuchotsa mapangidwe a cystic kokha sikokwanira, chifukwa, poyamba, chiwopsezo cha kubwezeretsanso chimakhalabe, ndipo, kachiwiri, mutu umakhudzidwa kale, ndipo satha kugwira ntchito mwachizolowezi.

Ngati uku ndi mapangidwe odekha a cystic okhala ndi zinthu zopanda mawu, ndipo mutuwo pawokha osakhudzidwa, kukhetsa kumachitika mogwirizana ndi imodzi mwanjira zitatu.

Cysteyanostomosis. Kulumikizana kochita kupanga kumayikidwa pakati pa cyst ndi jejunum. Koma zomwe zili mkati zimachotsedwa kale ku cyst, ndikuyiyika pang'ono m'mphepete. Pambuyo pa izi, kupindika kwa kutalika komweku kumapangidwa mu jejunum. Mabowo awiri omwe amapezeka amamangidwa limodzi kuti amalankhulana.
Cystogastroanastomosis. A cyst amalumikizidwa kukhoma limodzi lamatumbo am'mimba molingana ndi mfundo yomweyo ndi cystojeanastomosis.
Cystoduodenoanastomosis. A cyst amalumikizidwa kumodzi mwa makoma a duodenum.

Zolinga za ntchito izi: kupanga uthenga wa ma cystic mapangidwe ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zowerengeka kuti zomwe zili m'mimba zisadziunjike, koma zimatuluka nthawi yomweyo. Ubwino wa kukhetsa kwamkati ndikutha kusungira kapamba. Koma palinso zovuta. Reflux samasiyidwa - kuponya zomwe zili m'matumbo mu patsekeke la cyst. Izi zili ndi zopsinjika ndi kutupa. Ndipo ngati mimbulu siyikumayikidwa bwino, kumasuka kwa nkhani zamkati pamimba ndikotheka.

Ma cyst oyambitsidwa a mutu wa pancreatic amatha kuchotsedwa ndi njira ya Whipple. Awa ndi otchedwa pancreatoduodenal resection, omwe amafunika kutulutsa kwa mutu ndi mbali zoyandikana za duodenum, m'mimba komanso ndulu. Izi zimachitika poyera kapena ndi laparoscopy. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, ngalande imakhazikitsidwa.

Pancreatic mchira cyst kuchotsa

Mchira wamisala imachitika pafupifupi 38% ya milandu. Ndipo chifukwa chakutali kwa mchira wa pancreatic kuchokera ku ziwalo zofunika kwambiri zam'mimba, njira yoyenera yochitira opaleshoni ndiyomwe imayambitsa kupangika kwa cystic limodzi ndi gawo la chithokomiro. Mu 90% ya milandu, pancreatic mchira cyst imakhudza ndulu, kotero amachotsedwanso. Opereshoni imatchedwa splenectomy.

Pakulowererapo koteroko, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya laparoscopic. Ngati sikutheka chifukwa cha contraindication kapena chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zida zofunika, kuyesereranso poyera kumachitika. Kukhazikitsa kwa draoperative drainage kumafunika.

Pancreatic body cyst kuchotsa

Kupezeka kofulumira kwambiri kwa cysts pa kapamba ndi thupi lake (45% ya milandu). Pankhaniyi, m'mimba ndi m'matumbo mumavutika, chifukwa chake mapangidwe akulu a cystic amakakamizidwa pa iwo. Ngati vutolo layambika, muyenera kuchotsa kwathunthu chiwalocho. Ngati mapangidwe a cystic sapanikizika ndi chilichonse, ngalande ndizotheka.

Zotheka ndi zotsatira za ntchito

Masiku 10 oyambirira m'chipatala, odwala onse amalandila antibacterial ndi anti-kutupa. Ndi ululu waukulu, analgesics ndi antispasmodics amawonjezeranso mankhwala. Ndi kusanthula kwathunthu kwa kapamba, mankhwala a insulin amafunikiranso, komanso kusankha ma enzymes omwe munthu adzatenge moyo wake wonse.

Mwa njira! Nthawi yosavuta kwambiri yothandizira imalekeredwa ndi odwala omwe anali ndi cyst mchira wa kapamba. Mwazinthu zina ziwiri, kukonzanso kumakhala kotalika komanso kovuta.

Mavuto atachotsedwa mu cystic pancreatic misa sasankhidwa. Itha kukhala:

magazi
zotupa zako m'mimba,
kuvulala kwa ziwalo zapafupi ndi kukula kwa pang'ono minofu necrosis,
kuwonongeka kwa mitengo yaminga,
chitukuko cha matenda: matenda ashuga, thromboembolism.

Kuchepa kwa zovuta zotere kumawonjezeka mwa anthu onenepa kwambiri omwe ali ndi matenda amtima komanso mitsempha yamagazi, komanso mwa iwo omwe amamwa mowa kwambiri. Komanso, zovuta zoyipa zimatha kuchitika miyezi ndi zaka pambuyo pochita opaleshoni ngati wodwalayo samatsatira zakudya kapena mankhwala. Zizindikiro zake zizikhala zomwezo: kupsinjika, kusokoneza chopondapo, kusanza. Koma izi zimatha kubweretsa zotsatirapo zowopsa kuposa ndi cyst.

Kubwezeretsa Pambuyo pa Ntchito

Mosasamala mtundu wa kulowererapo, ntchito ya pancreatic imakhala yolakwika pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo ayenera kudya chakudya. Patsiku loyamba, kusala kwachiwonetsero kumasonyezedwa, ndiye zakumwa za zipatso, timadziti, chimanga, mbale zophika zimawonjezeredwa pang'onopang'ono. Mwezi wotsatira chakudyacho chidzakhala ndi malamulo okhwima: palibe chotentha, chamafuta, chophika, chosuta, chokometsera. Amapatula mowa.

Kupewera kwa pancreatic cysts kumakhala ndi zakudya zoyenera. Zakudya zovulaza (zomwe zalembedwa pamwambapa) zimaloledwa, koma polekezera. Muyeneranso kumvera thupi lanu, makamaka, kum'mimba. Ngati nthawi ndi nthawi mumayamba kuvutitsa ululu mu epigastric dera, muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Mwina zitheka kuyimitsa matenda (kuphatikizapo cystic neoplasm) koyambirira, ndikuchotsa mosamala.

Gulu laudindo

Kuti mumvetsetse m'lifupi mwake m'dera lomwe lakhudzidwalo, malo ake, komanso kuti mudziwe ngati ziwalo zofewa zam'deralo zakhudza gawo la kutupa, njira zamakono zofufuzira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amawerengedwa ngati chinthu chofunikira pamakonzedwe asanakhazikitsidwe opanga maopaleshoni, omwe samalola kuphunzira mwatsatanetsatane, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa panthawi ya opareshoni.

Mitundu yomwe imabala zipatso kwambiri pamakina ndi makina ophatikizira amatsenga komanso maginito amatsenga, komanso ERCP. M'milandu iwiri yoyamba, gawo lowonjezera lothandizira silofunikira, koma mtundu wotsiriza wowunikira udakhazikitsidwa kwathunthu.

Pokhapokha atatha kuwona pamanja, katswiri yemwe amapezekapo amapanga chisankho chomaliza ngati opaleshoniyo ndiyotheka ndipo mtundu wake ndiwothandiza kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, ngalande zamkati kapena zakunja zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pafupipafupi, akatswiri amapanga gawo latsopanoli limodzi ndi malo owopseza thupi lonse.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, m'zaka zaposachedwa, pancreatic cyst yapezeka pafupipafupi, ndipo ambiri achinyamata amakhala ovutitsidwa. Ofufuzawo akufotokozeranso zakuthwa kwa odwala omwe amapezeka mu dipatimenti yamatenda a gastroenterological inpatient chifukwa chakuti achinyamata nthawi zambiri amayamba kudwala matenda a pancreatitis owopsa komanso osachiritsika. Kuphatikiza apo, malingaliro awo amasiyanasiyana kuchokera pakakhala ovuta kwambiri kapena oledzera, omwe pazaka khumi zapitazi akhala vuto lalikulu pakati pa asing'anga.

Malingana ndi chidule chomwechi, cyst ndiye chotsatira chodziwika kwambiri cha kapamba ka matenda osachiritsika. Zimawerengetsa pafupifupi 80% yamatenda azachipatala okwana.

Zovuta zimawonjezedwa chifukwa chakuti m'malo azachipatala palibe lingaliro lofananira lazomwe zimapangidwa chifukwa cha ma pancreatic cysts. Chifukwa cha izi, chidule chimodzi chamalamulo okhudzana ndi kupezeka kwa matendawa sichinaperekedwe, komanso miyezo ya pathogenesis mothandizidwa.

Otsatira ena amati cyst imayenera kukhala ndi madzi a pancreatic mkati, komanso kukhala ochepa pamakoma. Ena amati zomwe zalembedwazo mwina ndi za necrotic parenchyma kapena:

Chokhacho chomwe misasa yonse imatembenukira ndi mfundo za kukhazikika kwa anomaly. Amapereka zinthu zotsatirazi:

kuwonongeka kwa parenchyma,
zovuta za kutuluka kwobisalira,
kulephera kwazinthu zam'mudzimo.

Payokha, pali gulu la ma pathologies, omwe amagawidwa ndi magawo a mapangidwe awo. Koma ngakhale ali ndi magawo angapo kuti athe kukhazikitsa matenda ena. Kusanja kwakukulu kumakhudzana ndikugawa matenda kukhala mitundu:

kubadwa
yotupa
zopweteka
parasitic,
neoplastic.

Ndime yoyamba imaphatikizanso ma subparagraph ena angapo monga dermoid ndi teratoid, komanso fibrocystic degeneration, adenoma, polycystic.

Koma ma pseudocysts omwe amakumana nawo nthawi zambiri amakhala oyimira magulu angapo azotupa, omwe amaphatikizanso zosankha zomwe zingasunge. Payokha, pali kusintha mumitundu yamakono, yomwe imakhudza ma subtypes otsatirawa:

cystadenomas
cavernous hemangiomas,
cystadenocarcinoma
epitheliomas.

Onsewa amasiyana mu nthawi ya matendawa, njira zochiritsira, njira zothandizira kukonzanso mankhwala.

Zojambula zamtundu uliwonse

Pambuyo pa matenda atapezeka, adotolo ayenera kupita patsogolo pa mtundu wake, ndiye kuti athane ndi pulogalamu yeniyeni yochizira. Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti chotupa pambuyo povulala ndi chovuta kwambiri monga momwe zimakhalira ndi zochitika zapadera kapena kupweteka kwa kapamba. Choyamba, pamalo okhudzidwa ndi pancreatic parenchyma, Autolysis ya enzymatic mtundu imachitika, ndikutsatira mapangidwe otayirira kulowetsedwa. Muli zinthu zosokoneza minofu.

Popita nthawi, imasinthidwa kukhala mtundu wa kapisozi, komwe kumakwiyitsa maukonde a cyst wabodza, omwe alibe gawo la epithelium yolingidwa. Cyst yeniyeni imalumikizidwa ndi duct, kukhala mkati mwa kapamba, kapena kunja, ngati kukula kwa mapangidwe kunali kwakukulu kwambiri.

Asayansi samatchula kukula kwamtundu wotere wa zotupa izi, chifukwa zimatha kusiyanasiyana kuchokera ku zimphona zomwe zimakhala ndi malita angapo amadzimadzi ophatikizika kuzinthu zazing'ono, zomwe zimadziwika ndi polycystic. Pazowonera, ofufuzawo adazindikira kuti mwa azimayi, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chigamulochi chizikhala chikhansa chamtundu uliwonse, ndipo mwa amuna, kuvulala kwam'mimba.

Zovuta zapathengo zimakonda kupezeka mwa ana, chifukwa amayesa kudzionetsa ndi zizindikiro zosasangalatsa kuyambira pachiyambi pomwe. Amakhulupirira kuti njirayi ndi mfundo yomaliza ya dysontogeneis. Amapezeka mokhazikika komanso m'magulu.

Ndi gawo lapamwamba kwambiri, amaphatikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe ofanana mu ziwalo zoyandikana:

Wokhazikika muzochitika zamankhwala, kuphatikiza ndi ubongo.

Zomwe zili pachikhalidwe chathu ndizazikuluzikulu, zomangira zamkati zokhala ndi dermoid. Gwero lenileni la vutoli ndi kupangika kolakwika kwa ma bookmark, monga ma glandular lobes, omwe amasiyana ndi main glandular. Nthawi zina zimakhazikika m'makoma a m'mimba.

Ngati tiona mtundu wamtundu wotchuka, ndiye kuti mndandanda wazowonjezereka umakhala mtsogoleri wa mndandandandawo, pomwe wina "azithokoza" kapamba omwe sanachiritsidwe kapena kungosiyidwa mwangozi. Munthu akakhala wovulazidwa ndi mawonekedwe ake owopsa, njira zowonongeka zimathandizira kuti pakhale kulowetsedwa, komwe kapamwamba ndi mawonekedwe ake amawonjezeranso.

Zotsatira za chifuwa chachikulu chimawoneka ngati chosiyana, chikuwonetsedwa m'misempha yokhala ndi minofu yolumikizana, komanso kupendekera kwa chimbudzi ndi kukulitsa kwakanthawi. Chifukwa cha izi, kale opaleshoni, dokotalayo amatha kusankha kuchotsa miyala yomwe imaletsa kutulutsidwa kwachinsinsi. Awo ndi ochepa kwambiri kuti ma ultrasound sawazindikira.

Ndi kupendekera kwa duct, cyst wamba amapanga mkati mwa glandular lobe. Koma ngati pakukula kwa njira yokhazikika, ndiye kuti chopinga chachikulu chomwe sichitha kupewedwa. Mbali yake imatchedwa makoma owoneka ngati mafinya, gulu lamphamvu lamatenda, lomwe limafanana ndi kiyubiki epithelium. Zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi zotupa zimayambira kuzungulira pakumwa momveka bwino mpaka pakakhala mawonekedwe a bulauni.

Nthawi zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maphunziro azikhala parasitic. M'malo mwake, izi zimangotanthauza kuyambira kwa gawo la vesicular kukula kwa echinococcus. Chifukwa cha zomwe zimachitika pambuyo pake, mutu umakhudzidwa nthawi zambiri. Koma ngati cysticercosis yapezeka, ndiye kuti thupi lomwe linali ndi mchira wake lidagwa.

Mwakuthupi, khoma la parasitic zosiyanikirana limakhala ndi kapisozi kopukutira pamodzi ndi nembanimba ya chitinous yopangidwa ndi thupi palokha. Nkhani yabwino yokhayo ndiyoti cystadenomas ndi ena mwazomwe zimapezeka kwambiri kuchipatala.

Pamaziko a zoyeserera zomwe adaziuza, madokotala akupanga njira ina yosamalirira, posankha chithandizo choyenera chopangira opaleshoni.

Nthawi yakwana yoti mukaonana ndi dokotala

Choyambira chachikulu cha zotsatira zoyipa pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni ndikuti wovutikayo anazindikira mochedwa kuti anali muvuto lalikulu. Ndi malo ovuta mpaka masentimita 5, anthu samakonda kudandaula za malaise pafupipafupi kapena mavuto akulu azaumoyo. Kuti mupeze vuto lopweteka kwambiri, lomwe limakulimbikitsani kuti mulembetse kuti mukaonane ndi katswiri wazambiri, ndi cysts yayikulu. Amadziwikanso ndi omwe amatchedwa "kuwala pang'ono", zomwe zikutanthauza kusintha kwakanthawi kachithunzichi pambuyo povulala kapena kuvulala kwambiri.

Kupweteka kwambiri kumadzipangitsa kumveka pakapangidwe ka pseudocysts panthawi yotsatira yapanciditis, kapena panthawi yowonjezera matenda osachiritsika. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi zochitika zowononga. Pakapita kanthawi, kulimba kumachepa, ndipo ululu wake umakhala ngati mukumveka kapena kuwawa.

Muzochitika zomvetsa chisoni, ndikofunikira kukonzekera kuti, mosazungulira pazizindikiro zochepa, matenda oopsa amkati amveke. Kuwopseza kwambiri kupweteka kumasonyezanso kuti titha. Zitachitika izi ngati wozunzidwayo akukumana ndi zizolowezi zoledzera komanso kuchuluka kwa kutentha, ndiye kuti akuwonjezera.

Chithunzi cha chipatala chomwe chili ndi chizolowezi cha pancreatic cyst, chomwe chimakanikiza kuzungulira kwa dzuwa, chikuwoneka mosiyana, chomwe chimatsogolera ku:

kuwawa
kumenya kumbuyo
kusapeza bwino pakutsunulira zovala,
mpumulo mu kukhazikitsidwa kwa bondo-elbow pose.

Kuletsa matendawa kumachitika pokhapokha mothandizidwa ndi analgesics a narcotic sipekitiramu ya zochita, zomwe sizingafikire kuzipatala.

Mwa zina mwa zomveka bwino zomwe zikuwonetsa kufunikira kukaona dipatimenti ya gastroenterological, pali:

nseru
kusanza
kusakhazikika kwanyumba,
kuwonda.

Zomalizirazi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti ntchito ya exocrine ya gland imaleka kugwira ntchito bwino, zomwe zimaphwanya mayamwidwe obwera a michere kulowa m'matumbo.

Mfundo yomaliza yopeza matenda oopsa ndi kupsinjika kwa ziwalo zoyandikana. Pamene cyst ili pagawo lamutu wa pancreatic, chiwopsezo cha jaundice chotchinga ndichipamwamba kwambiri, chomwe chikufotokozedwa mu:

kuwonongeka kwa khungu, sclera,
kuyabwa.

Ngati kulowa kwakanthawi kwamitsempha ya portal ndikatsekedwa, edema imayamba kumalekezero akumunsi. Palinso chinthu china choopseza chomwe chimapangitsa kuti mkodzo utuluke kudzera mu ureters, zomwe zimatanthawuza kuchepa pokodza.

Kupatula pa lamulo kukufinya lumen, koma ngati izi zachitika, ndiye kuti wodwalayo akuyembekeza kutsekeka kwamatumbo ndi zotsatira zake zonse.

Njira zosinthira

Dokotala atangowunika madandaulo a wodwalayo, akutsimikizira zokayikirazo ndi zotsatira za kufufuza koyesa ndikumaliza kuti njira ina yopanda chithandizo pano ilibe mphamvu, tsiku la opaleshoni lidzaikidwa. Mtundu wa operekera opaleshoni udzadalira kwathunthu kuthupi, mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a cyst inayake.

Kutengera ndi momwe zinthu zilili, dokotala amakonda kuchotsedwa kwa cyst, kapena drainage. Ngati chisankhochi chimapangidwa kuti chikuyanjana ndi sentensi yoyamba, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa minofu yomwe imafunika kuwunikira kumawerengedwa. Maziko kuwerengera ndi kukula kwa mapangidwe ndi mkhalidwe wa parenchyma, womwe umakuthandizani kusankha njira yoyenera yochotsera:

mutu wotsatira
distal excision
kuchotsedwa kwa pancreatoduodenal.

Koma madokotala ochita opaleshoni amayesa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamtunduwu pokhapokha atakhulupirira kuti sizigwira ntchito kupulumutsa chiwalocho mothandizidwa ndi madziwo. Nthawi zambiri, kukoka kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito anastomosis pakati pamimba ndi cyst, yomwe mu terminology yachipatala imatchedwa cystogastrostomy. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yogwiritsira ntchito anastomosis limodzi ndi yaing'ono kapena duodenum.

Kuchokera pamawonedwe a physiology, njira zomwe zaperekedwa ndizofunika kwambiri, chifukwa zimatsimikizira kuperekedwa kwa chinsinsi cha pancreatic ndikudutsa, ndikuchotsa njira zowonekera zowawa. Ubwino wothandiza ndi ochepa mwa omwe angabwerenso.

Koma zonsezi ndi chikhalidwe chamakina amkati, komanso chakunja, chomwe chimachitika motsatana kawirikawiri, chimakhala ndi zosiyana kosiyanasiyana: kukhathamira kwa patsekeke, chotupa chosasinthika, kuphatikiza mtima, kuvulala kwakukulu.

Sich pachabe kuti opaleshoni yotereyi imayesedwa ngati malo opatsirana, popeza imakhala pachiwopsezo chotenga mafinya limodzi ndi kubwereranso. Zovuta zake zimawonjezera gawo limodzi lodzikakamiza mwa mawonekedwe a pancreatic fistula, yomwe ndi yovuta kwambiri kuchotsa ndi njira zosasamala.

Koma, mosasamala mtundu wamadziwo, amaloledwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito pokhapokha umboni wa chinthu chosapezeka chikatsimikiziridwa.

Matekinoloje opanga kwambiri amatchedwa analoxis vamasamba ochulukitsa. Koma ngakhale mitundu yotere yosakhala yosautsa imakhala ndi vuto lalikulu - zovuta zazikulu mu mawonekedwe a sepsis ndi fistula yakunja.

Kuneneratu

Ntchitoyo idzakhala yopindulitsa bwanji, komanso kuthamangitsanso liwiro la kuchira, ngakhale katswiri waluso sangathe. Koma adzakulangizani mosamalitsa kuti muzitsatira mosamalitsa zakudya zochizira, kusintha moyo wanu, kusiya zizolowezi zoipa. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira, ma analgesics monga othandizira, komanso kutenga miyezo yokhazikika ya glycemia, mutha kudzitsimikizira kuti mudzakhala ndi moyo wautali.

Kuti mupange kulosera, kutha kwa chithandizo chomwe chaperekedwa, luso la akatswiri azachipatala, komanso zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimathandizidwanso.

Tiyenera kukonzekera kuti ndi mitundu ina ya kapamba, zovuta zimafika pa 50%. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha chitukuko cha kutsekemera, kukhathamiritsa, mawonekedwe a fistulas komanso ngakhale kutulutsa magazi m'mimba. Ngakhale atathandizira kuchitapo kanthu, pali mwayi woti ungayambiranso.

Kuti muchepetse izi, muyenera kusiya zakumwa zoledzeretsa, mafuta, osuta, mchere wambiri komanso zakudya zazonunkhiritsa. Muyenera kuyang'ananso thanzi la m'mimba, kupimidwa pafupipafupi. Zonse zonse pamodzi sizingalolere kwambiri kuchepetsa moyo wamtsogolo.

Zimayambitsa komanso zowopsa

Cysts amapangika mu tiziwalo totsekera kunja, ngakhale atakhala ndi zaka zingati za wodwalayo, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka chakudya cham'mimba. Makina a chitukuko cha benign kapisozi amatengera kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zoyipa pa kapamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale maziko a malo a maselo akufa ndi minofu yolumikizira.

Zomwe zimathandizira pakupanga mapangidwe a cystic mu kapangidwe ka kapamba ndi izi:

pachimake kapamba imawerengedwa kuti ndiyomwe imayambitsa kupezeka kwa ma cyst: mwanjira iyi, kapisozi kobisika ndi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma lymphocyte ndi ma neutrophils,
kuwonongeka kwa makina kwa chiwalo,
kutsekeka kwa chimbudzi chifukwa cha kukakamira kwa zotengera zapamalo kapena mapangidwe amiyala,
chotupa chomwe chimayamba m'mimba,
kunenepa chifukwa cha zovuta zam'madzi a lipid metabolism,
uchidakwa
zotupa zam'mimba za m'mimba.

Omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kuwoneka kwa cysts mu kapamba ndi odwala matenda ashuga ndi cholelithiasis. Kuphatikiza apo, chiopsezo chotukula chotupa chija chikukula ndikusagwira bwino ntchito mochita opaleshoni m'mimba.

Gulu

Kutengera ndi mawonekedwe ake a kapisolo kabowo, ma neoplasms owona ndi abodza amasiyanitsidwa. Mimba yeniyeni imakhala yatsopano, chifukwa imayamba kupanga kapangidwe kake kapangidwe kake m'mimba mwa mayi. Chovala chamtundu wowona chimakhala ndi zimakhala za epithelial, chifukwa zimasunga kukula kwake koyamba, ndipo sizikukoka mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zakunja.

Masewera abodza ndi njira yachiwiri yomwe imapangidwa motsutsana ndi kumbuyo kwa kukula kwa njira yotupa yopweteketsa kapena kuwonongeka kwa kutulutsira kunja kwazinthu. Pofuna kuteteza malo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi maselo athanzi, thupi limayamba kupanga ziphuphu kuti lisungidwe ndi minofu yolumikizidwa.

Kutengera ndi malo owonongeka mu chiwalo, zotupa zotsatirazi ndizosiyanitsidwa:

The pancreatic mchira cyst imakhudzanso minyewa yotulutsa mphamvu ya m'mimba.
A cyst pamutu amawonjezera ngozi yakufinya duodenum.
Masewera olimbitsa thupi amatsogolera kufalikira kwam'mimba.

Benign neoplasms imagawidwanso m'magulu osavuta komanso ovuta - omwe amakhala ndi zodetsa zoyipa, mawanga kapena fistulas.

Zizindikiro

Kupezeka kwa zisonyezo zapadera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chotupacho chizigwira ntchito m'mimba ndi chisonyezo chochezera ndi gastroenterologist. Pofunsidwa koyamba, dokotalayo amapanga mbiri yakale, yomwe imalongosola madandaulo a wodwalayo, kenako amawunika madera am'mimba mwa wodwalayo.

Zikachitika kuti chotupa chapezeka pamutu pa chotupa, pakumuwunika, dokotalayo adzazindikira kutuluka kwa khoma m'mimba. Ndikosatheka kuzindikira kapisozi kabowo kamene kamakhudza mchira kapena thupi la chiwalo pakumira pamimba.

Akamaliza kumuyesa ndi kumufunsa mafunso, dokotala amamuwuza kuti azikayezetsa magazi ndi zinthu zina zosiyanasiyana. Kudzera kuyeserera kwa magazi, dokotala amawona kuchuluka kwa bilirubin, kupeza leukocytosis, komanso kuwunika ntchito zamchere. Ngati pali chizindikiro cha kutupa, wodwalayo akudutsa urinalysis.

Kuphatikiza pa kafukufuku wa zasayansi, kuzindikira za cancretic kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira. Njira yophunzitsira yoyesera ndi kuyesa kwa ultrasound, komwe adotolo amawona kuchuluka kwa makapisozi, kukula kwake, komanso zovuta zina.

Pofuna kudziwa mgwirizano pakati pa chotupa ndi ma dancts a pancreatic, kulingalira kwa maginito kumachitika. Pofuna kupatula kukhalapo kwa vuto lodana ndi vuto la neoplasm, minofu yomwe ikukhudzidwa imachotsedwa kwa wodwalayo chifukwa cha biopsy.

Kukula kwa chotupa mu kapamba sikuti nthawi zonse kumayendera limodzi ndi zizindikiro zotchulidwa. Ngati m'mimba mwake wa kapisozi wa pathological sapitilira 3 cm, palibe chizindikiro chodziwika bwino: sikungatheke kudziwa cyst yaying'ono munthawi yake.

Kupanga kovomerezeka yoposa masentimita atatu kumayendetsedwa ndi zomverera zowawa, zomwe zimakulitsidwa mukamwa mowa. Nthawi zambiri, ululu wammbuyo umafalikira ku dorsal dera ndipo umakhala wolimba.

Chowonetsera china cha pancreatic cyst ndi vuto la chopondapo, chomwe chimadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa mafuta mumizu. Popeza njira yotupa imayambitsanso kugaya chakudya, wodwalayo amadandaula kuti asanza komanso kusanza, kusowa chilimbikitso ndi kukula kwa matenda oopsa.

Kukula kwa chotupa mu kapamba kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa mahomoni, monga momwe zikuwonetsedwera ndi kukodza kowonjezereka, kuyanika kunja kwa mucosa mkamwa komanso kutsekemera kwazonse. Popeza mwazindikira zizindikirazi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala mwachangu kuti muchepetse kuchitika kwa chikomokere kwa hyperglycemic.

Mavuto ndi zotsatirapo zake

Ngakhale kuti cyst ndi mtundu wa ma neignlasms ophatikizika, akuwonetsedwa kuti azichitira. Wodwalayo akanyalanyaza njira ya pathological, kapisozi imayamba kuchuluka msanga, zomwe zimatsogolera kupsinjika ndikuchotsedwa kwa zimakhala zapafupi.

Kuphatikiza pa zovuta zomwe zimapangitsa ziwalo zapafupi, cyst yapamwamba imathandizira kukulitsa zovuta zotsatirazi:

kutaya kwamkati
kupasuka kwa minofu yowonongeka,
Kutupa kwa malekezero apansi chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya portal,
matumbo,
makina jaundice.

Vuto linanso lodziwika ndi kupangika kwa chithupsa chamadzi papulogalamu.

Kunyalanyaza cysts, limodzi ndi zovuta, kumakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa, imodzi mwa izo ndi khansa yapachifuwa. Chodziwika bwino cha matendawa ndicho kuchuluka kwakuchulukirapo kwa metastases yamakhalidwe oyipa.

Zodzikongoletsa

Odwala omwe ali ndi ma cysts omwe amapezeka m'matumba akuda nkhawa ngati opaleshoni ingathe kugawidwa. Akatswiri azachipatala amayankha bwino funsoli: kapisozi kakang'ono kamodzi, osatsagana ndi zovuta, amathandizidwa mosamala.

Pakupita masiku atatu isanayambike mankhwala, wodwalayo amatsatira zakudya zosavomerezeka: samasakaniza zakudya zamchere komanso zamafuta m'zakudya, zomwe zimawononga kwambiri minofu yofooka. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kusiya kumwa mowa ndi kusuta fodya komanso kutsatira masiku onse ogona.

Mukamaliza kukonzekera, wodwalayo amamulembera antibacterial mankhwala - Tetracycline kapena Cephalosporin. Ntchito yayikulu ya maantibayotiki ndikuteteza kapisozi kuti asaonekere mabakiteriya, omwe angapangitse kuti purosesa ipangidwe.

Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala a antibacterial, wodwalayo adapangidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito ma enzymes - Creon kapena Pancreatin - omwe cholinga chake ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito yogaya chakudya. Ngati matendawa aphatikizidwa ndi kupweteka, wodwalayo ayenera kutenga zoletsa - Omeprazole kapena Omez.

Opaleshoni

Kuchotsa kwa pancreatic kumachitika m'njira yosaopsa, mwayi wake ndikukhazikika pakukhazikika kwa khungu komanso mwayi wotsika woti ubwererenso.

Ngati kapisozi kanapangidwa pamutu kapena m'thupi la chithokomiro, dokotalayo amamuchita opaleshoni yodutsamo: amagonetsa madera omwe akukhudzidwa ndi peritoneum, amapanga punction ndi singano yopumira ndikutulutsira madzi akukulidwa mkati mwa chifuwa. Pofuna kuthana ndi machitidwe a opaleshoni, dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira ya ultrasound.

Chotupa cha cystic chomwe chimakhudza minofu ya pancreatic ya retroperitoneal imachotsedwa ndi laparoscopy. Kuchita izi kumadalira pakupanga kosachepera pakhungu zingapo zomwe zimapatsa mwayi kulumikizidwa. Atatsegula khoma pamimba, dokotala amayenera kuchitira antiseptic chithandizo kuti athetse chiwopsezo cha kufalikira kwa minofu.

Chithandizo cha cysts ndi wowerengeka azitsamba amadziwika kuti ndiwofunikira ndi kukula kwa kaphatikizidwe kaphatikizidwe kapenanso kusakhalapo kwa zovuta zazikulu. Pofuna kupewa kukula kwa zoyipa, musanatenge mankhwala achilengedwe, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Kuchepetsa zizindikiro za kutupa, akuwonetsedwa kuti atenge chiganizo kuchokera ku chikwi. Chinsinsi chake ndi motere: Maluwa a calendula, milenia ndi celandine amasakanikirana m'njira zofanana, kudulidwa ndikuthira ndi 300 ml ya madzi otentha, pambuyo pake mankhwalawa amawupereka kwa maola awiri pamalo abwino. Tengani msuzi wokonzedwa katatu patsiku kuchuluka kwa supuni ziwiri.

Wina wathanzi lachilengedwe chakumwa - decoctions masamba a zipatso. Kuti mukonzekere, muyenera kupera masamba atsopano a cranberries, sitiroberi ndi mabulosi abulu, onjezerani stigmas za chimanga ndikuthira zinthu 500 ml za madzi otentha. Komanso, mankhwalawa amayenera kupakidwa kwa maola osachepera 8, kenako ndikuvutika. Msuzi wokonzeka umalimbikitsidwa kuti umatenge pamimba yopanda kanthu katatu patsiku. Kutalika kwa nthawi ya maphunzirowa sikuyenera kupitirira masiku 14.

Gawo lofunika kwambiri la mankhwala osamalitsa ndi zakudya zazakudya, zomwe zimadziwika ndi kudya pafupipafupi. Zakudya za cyst of secretion gland zimakhazikika pakudya kowonjezera kwa mapuloteni osakhala chomera.

Pofuna kuti tidziwitse pang'onopang'ono chakudya chamafuta chofunikira, ndikofunikira kudya chakudya chophika, chophika kapena chowotcha. Zikachitika kuti chotupacho chisanayambike kukula kwa kudzimbidwa kosakonzekera, wodwalayo akuwonetsedwa kuti azidya chakudya chokhala ngati phala.

Zakudya zamafuta ndi zokazinga zopangidwa ndi nyama, nyemba kapena bowa sizili bwino pantchito yogaya. Sitikulimbikitsidwanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zamafuta zomwe zimachepetsa kukonza zakudya ndikuyambitsa chitukuko cha flatulence.

Chithandizo chokwanira chokwanira ndikutsatira odwala pazoyeserera zamankhwala panthawi yakukonzanso kumapereka zotsatira zabwino, zomwe zimadziwika ndi kuchiritsa kwathunthu kwa mawonekedwe a cystic. Mankhwala osagwira bwino kapena osachita bwino, m'malo mwake, amatsogolera kupanga zovuta zowopsa, zomwe zimaphatikizira kufalikira kwa ziwalo zapafupi komanso kutuluka kwamkati. Zingachitike kuti panthawi ya opaleshoni, cyst idachotsedwa pang'ono, mapangidwe a yachiwiri ya kapangidwe ka zigawozi sikutsutsidwa.

Pancreatic cyst

Chotupa mu mankhwala ndi chotupa chomwe chimakhala ndi makhoma a minyewa yolumikizira mkati ndi mkati mwake momwe mumadzaza madzi. Zikondazo palokha ndizochepa, chifukwa chake kupindika kulikonse kumabweretsa chisokonezo pakugwira ntchito kwa thupilo. Mitsempha ikayamba kukula, ntchito ya kapamba imakulirakulira - zimakhala zake zimawonongeka, ndipo, chifukwa chake, thupi limasowa ma enzyme komanso mahomoni ofunikira. Zonsezi zimakhudza moyo wamunthu wodwala, chifukwa chake vutoli liyenera kuthana nawo munthawi yake. Koma kuti mudziwe momwe mungathanirane ndi cyst, ndikofunikira kudziwa bwino mawonekedwe ake.

Mitundu ya zotupa za cystic

Ziyenera kunenedwa kuti ma pancreatic cysts onse agawidwa kukhala owona komanso abodza.

1. Zoyimba zenizeni
Mimba yeniyeni imatchedwa kuti kubadwa kwatsopano, komwe ma cystic misa amawonekera mu kapamba panthawi ya kakulidwe kakang'ono kam'mimba. Chotupa chotere sichikula, makoma ake amkati amakhala ndi khoma la epithelium, ndipo patsekeke palokha mungadzaze madzi.

2. cyst yabodza
Mosiyana ndi chowonadi, chotupa chabodza chimapangidwa mu zochitika za anthu, mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pancreatitis yacute kapena pancreatic necrosis. Poyesa kupatula dera lomwe lakhudzidwalo ndi minofu yathanzi, thupi lokha limapangitsa kuti likhale ndi chifanizo cha minofu yolumikizana, i.e. chotupa. Ma neoplasms otere alibe gawo la epithelial pamakoma awo.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma cysts pa kapamba nthawi zambiri amasiyanitsidwa malingana ndi komwe akukhala. Pankhaniyi, chotupa chikhoza kuwonekera:

Pa thupi la chiwalo. Awa ndi malo odziwika kwambiri kwachitukuko, chifukwa chotupa chimawonekera pamatumbo pafupifupi 47% ya milandu. Pankhaniyi, ndi kukula kwa mitsempha, malo am'mimba, komanso m'mimba, amasokonezeka.
Pa mchira wa limba. Cysts imawoneka mchira pafupifupi 38% ya milandu. Pankhaniyi, ziwalo zozungulira sizivutika.
Pamutu pa chiwalo. Chotupacho chikuwoneka m'dera lotchedwa "bagging". Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri, pafupifupi 15% ya milandu, pomwe, duodenum imavutika, yomwe chotupa chimakankhira.

Popeza ma cysts owona ndi osowa kwambiri, ndipo mawonekedwe awo ndi chithandizo chawo sichimasiyana ndi mankhwalawa abodza, pamenepo tilingalira mitundu yabodza ya neoplasms.

Zimayambitsa mapangidwe a cyst

Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti:

84% ya milandu, ma cyst amapangidwa chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa kapamba,
mu 14% ya milandu, kuvulala kwapachiwindi kumakhala chifukwa chotupa.

2% yotsalayo ndi:

Kusungira pseudocyst. Mitsempha yotereyi imawonekera pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa kapamba. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti chotupa choterechi chikuchulukirachulukira mosiyanasiyana ndipo chimatha kuphulika chifukwa chazifukwa zingapo zamatsenga.
Parasitic pseudocyst. Izi zimachitika mothandizidwa ndi majeremusi, makamaka, ma glworms a opisthorchus. Ma helminths amalepheretsa kutuluka kwa pancreatic madzi, ndikupangitsa kuchepa kwa minofu ya kapamba ndi mawonekedwe a chotupa.

Kuphatikiza apo, zomwe zimapangitsa kupanga cystic neoplasms zingakhale:

uchidakwa (39%),
kunenepa kwambiri komanso cholesterol yokwanira m'magazi chifukwa cha kupunduka kwa lipid metabolism (31%),
mtundu II matenda a shuga (15%),
matenda a gallstone (14%),
ntchito ziwalo zam'mimba thirakiti (1%).

Mulimonsemo, ngati munthu ali ndi matenda azaumoyo wa mapangidwe a cyst, muyenera kuwona dokotala ndikupita kukayezetsa koyenera.

Zizindikiro za pancreatic cyst

Mawonekedwe a mapangidwe omwe amafunsidwa akhoza kukhala osiyana kwambiri, kutengera mtundu ndi chotupa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati ma cyst sanafikire masentimita 5 ndipo ali ndi madzi, sangathe kudziwonetsa konse. Pankhaniyi, imatha kupezeka mwamwayi. Komabe, ma cysts ena, omwe amafika masentimita atatu, amayamba kukakamiza ziwalo zozungulira ndipo amatha kupweteka kumbuyo kapena m'mimba.

Popeza nthawi zambiri chomwe chimayambitsa mapangidwe a cyst ndi pancreatitis yovuta kwambiri, chotupa chikawoneka, munthu akumva ululu wolimba, chimbudzi chake chimakhala chovuta ndipo pancreatic "mafuta" amapezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, wodwala wotereyu amakhala ndi kutentha thupi komanso kufooka. Nthawi zina, khungu ndi sclera ya m'maso imatha kukhala yachikasu, yomwe imafotokoza malo a cyst pamutu wa kapamba. Pankhaniyi, nseru ndi kusanza zimawonjezeredwa pazomwe zalembedwa.

Chomwe chimakhala chodziwika, kupweteka kwa kapamba nthawi zambiri "kupatsidwa" kumbuyo ndi kumanzere kwa hypochondrium, ndipo sikutha ngakhale mutatha NSAIDs. Pambuyo pakumva ululu kwa nthawi yayitali, monga ulamuliro, nthawi yotsika imachitika, yomwe imatchedwa "kuwala pang'ono", pambuyo pake zinthu zimangokulirakulira. Mwa njira, nthawi zina ululu wam'mimba kwambiri umatha kuwonetsa kutukusira kwa cystic patsekeke, ndi zizindikiro za kuledzera zomwe zimawonekera pambuyo pawo zingasonyeze kukula kwa zovuta zopatsirana (peritonitis ndi sepsis).

Ngati chotupa chikufinya mtsempha wamtundu, wodwalayo amatupa kwambiri miyendo. Ngati chotupa chikukula chikakanikizira solar plexus, kupweteka m'derali kumatha kutsitsimutsidwa kokha ndi ma narcotic analgesics. Mankhwala amadziwa milandu ya kukula kwa chotupa mpaka kufika poti chimatseka matumbo, ndikupangitsa matumbo kutsekeka.

Ngati kupindika kumaphwanya ntchito zachinsinsi za tinthu timene timagwira, wodwalayo amatha kumva pakamwa pouma komanso ludzu lalikulu. Chotupa choterechi chimayenera kuchotsedwa posachedwa, chifukwa chosokoneza kapamba, chimayambitsa polyuria (kupanga mkodzo wowonjezera), kenako kukula kwa hyperglycemic kapena hypoglycemic coma.

Zovuta za cyst

Mitsempha yoyambitsayo siyingasiyidwe popanda chithandizo, chifukwa kuwonjezera pa kufinya mitsempha ndi ziwalo zozungulira, kupweteka uku kungayambitse zovuta zotsatirazi:

kusiyana
mapangidwe a fistula
magazi chifukwa chotupa m'mitsempha yamagazi,
kupembedzera.

Chilichonse mwazomwezi zimawopseza poyizoni wamagazi ndi kukula kwa peritonitis, kuyika moyo wa munthu pangozi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti wodwala yemwe ali ndi cyst wozindikirika amafunikira chithandizo choyenera.

Njira zina zochizira ma cysts

Pali njira zina zomwe, pamodzi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zimathandizira kupirira kwa neoplasm yomwe ikubwera. Chachikulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zosagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku onse pokhapokha mutagwirizana ndi dokotala.

1. Chiwerengero cha chopereka cha zitsamba 1. Tengani mitundu yofanana ya yarrow, celandine ndi maluwa a calendula. 1 tsp lembani chopereka ichi ndi 250 ml ya madzi otentha ndikusiyira maola awiri kuti mulandire machiritso. Tengani mankhwalawa ayenera kukhala 2 tbsp. katatu patsiku musanadye.

2. Chitsamba chazitsamba nambala 2. Tengani magawo awiri a calendula wouma ndi udzu wamatumbo, ndikuwonjezera gawo limodzi la cinquefoil kwa iwo. Kondani malonda, kenako konzekerani kulowererako chimodzimodzi monga momwe tafotokozera kale. Njira yotsogolera ndi yofanana.

3. Stonecrop wa Grass. Pobwezeretsanso kwa chotupa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito udzu wa stonecrop, womwe uyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi saladi 1-2 pa tsiku masamba atatu atsopano.

4. Kuchiritsa kuchiritsa. Kuti muthane ndi chotupa chopanda opaleshoni, konzekerani kulowetsedwa kwapadera. Tengani zofanana masamba a lingonberry, mabulosi abuluwa ndi sitiroberi, onjezani manyazi ndi masamba a nyemba. Supuni ya zosakaniza zoteretsanulira kapu ya madzi otentha ndikusiya kukonzekera kwa maola 8. M'mawa, senzani ndi kumwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Imwani mankhwalawa kwa milungu iwiri, pambuyo pake muyenera kupuma kwa sabata limodzi komanso njira yachiwiri yothandizira.