Biosynthetic insulin Humulin: mtengo wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kumasulidwa kwa mankhwalawo komanso zovuta zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito

Dzina la malonda: Humulin Wokhazikika

Dzinalo Losasamala: Soluble insulin (umisiri wa majini a anthu)

Fomu ya Mlingo: jakisoni yankho

Zinthu zogwira ntchito: insulin alibe sungunuka biosynthet munthu

Gulu la Pharmacotherapeutic: munthu wosakhalitsa insulin

Mankhwala: Munthu wobwerezabweretsanso insulin ya DNA. Ndikukonzekera mwachidule insulin. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha mankhwalawa ndi kuyamwa kwa kagayidwe kazakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi anabolic zotsatira. Mu minofu ndi minyewa ina (kupatula ubongo), insulin imayendetsa mofulumira intracellular ya glucose ndi amino acid, imathandizira protein anabolism. Insulin imalimbikitsa kutembenuka kwa glucose kukhala glycogen m'chiwindi, kumalepheretsa gluconeogeneis ndikuthandizira kusintha kwa glucose owonjezera kukhala mafuta. Kukhazikika kwa mankhwalawa ndi mphindi 30 pambuyo pa kuperekedwa, mphamvu yayikulu imakhala pakati pa 1 ndi maola 3, kutalika kwa nthawi ndi maola 5-7.

Zisonyezero zogwiritsidwa ntchito:

Matenda a shuga ndi chizindikiro cha insulin, choyamba amazindikira matenda a shuga, kutenga pakati ndi mtundu 2 wa matenda a shuga (osagwirizana ndi insulin).

Zoyipa:

Hypoglycemia, hypersensitivity kupita ku insulin kapena chimodzi mwazinthu za mankhwala.

Mlingo ndi makonzedwe:

Mlingowo umatsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala aliyense payekha, kutengera mlingo wa glycemia. Mankhwala ayenera kutumikiridwa s / c, mu /, mwina / m. Mankhwala a SC amaperekedwa paphewa, ntchafu, matako kapena pamimba. Tsamba la jakisoni liyenera kusinthidwa kuti malo omwewo asagwiritsidwerenso kuposa nthawi 1 / mwezi. Mukamayambitsa mawuwo, chisamaliro chikuyenera kuyambidwa kuti musalowe mumtsempha wamagazi. Pambuyo pa jakisoni, tsamba la jakisidwe siliyenera kutenthedwa. Odwala ayenera kuphunzitsidwa bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zida za insulin. Makatoni ndi mbale za Humulin Regular sizimafunikira kuti muthe kugwiranso ntchito ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati zomwe zili bwino ndizopanda mafuta zopanda ma cell. Makatoni ndi mbale ziyenera kufufuzidwa mosamala. Osagwiritsa ntchito ngati muli ndi ma flakes, ngati ma cell oyera olimba amamatira pansi kapena makhoma a botolo, ndikupanga mawonekedwe a chisanu. Chipangizo cha ma cartridge sichimalola kusakanikirana ndi zomwe zili ndi insulini zina mwachindunji mu cartridge lokha. Makatoniwo sanapangidwe kuti adzazitsidwe. Zomwe zili mu vial ziyenera kudzazidwa ndi syringe ya insulin yolingana ndi kuchuluka kwa insulini yoyendetsedwa, ndipo mlingo woyenera wa insulin uyenera kuperekedwa monga adalangizidwa ndi adokotala. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito makatoni, tsatirani malangizo opanga opangira makatoni komanso kupaka singano. Mankhwalawa amayenera kuperekedwa molingana ndi malangizo a wopanga a cholembera. Kugwiritsa ntchito kachulukidwe kakunja ka singano, mutangoyikapo, vula singano ndikuwononga mosavomerezeka. Kuchotsa singano mutangolowa jakisoni kumathandizira kusokonekera, kupewa kutayikira, kutsekeka kwa mpweya ndi kuboweka kwa singano. Kenako ikani chophimba chija. Singano sayenera kugwiritsidwanso ntchito. Ma singano ndi ma cholembera a syringe sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ena. Makatoni ndi mbale zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka zitakhala zopanda kanthu, pambuyo pake zimatayidwa. Humulin Regular imatha kuperekedwa limodzi ndi Humulin NPH. Pachifukwa ichi, insulini yotsalira pang'ono iyenera kukokedwa mu syringe yoyamba kuti insulin isatenge nthawi kulowa kulowa. Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa osakaniza okonzeka mukangosakaniza. Kuti muwongolere kuchuluka kwa mtundu uliwonse wa insulin, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito syringe yapadera ya Humulin Regular ndi Humulin NPH. Nthawi zonse muzigwiritsa ntchito syringe yolingana ndi insulin.

Zotsatira zoyipa:

Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi zotsatira zazikulu za mankhwalawa: hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia kwambiri ikhoza kuyambitsa kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima ndipo (mwapadera) kufa. Thupi lawo siligwirizana: zimachitika matupi awo sagwirizana - hyperemia, kutupa kapena kuyunkhira pamalo a jekeseni (nthawi zambiri amayima patadutsa masiku angapo mpaka masabata angapo), kayendedwe ka ziwalo (zimachitika kawirikawiri, koma zimakhala zowopsa) - kuyamwa kambiri, kufupika, kupuma pang'ono , kuchepa kwa magazi, kuchuluka kwa mtima, kuchuluka thukuta. Milandu yambiri yokhudzana ndimomwe thupi limagwirira ntchito ikhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo cha moyo. Zina: mwayi wokhala ndi lipodystrophy ndizochepa.

Mogwirizana ndi mankhwala ena:

Mphamvu ya hypoglycemic ya Humulin Regular imachepetsedwa ndi kulera kwapakamwa, corticosteroids, kukonzekera kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro, thiazide diuretics, diazoxide, antidepressants tricyclic. Hypoglycemic effect ya Humulin Regular imapangidwira ndi mankhwala amkamwa a hypoglycemic, salicylates (mwachitsanzo, acetylsalicylic acid), sulfonamides, MAO zoletsa, beta-blockers, ethanol ndi ethanol okhala ndi mankhwala. Beta-blockers, clonidine, reserpine amatha kuphimba mawonetseredwe a zizindikiro za hypoglycemia. Kuyanjana kwa mankhwala: Zovuta zakusakanikirana kwa insulin ya anthu ndi insulin ya nyama kapena insulin ya anthu yopangidwa ndi ena omwe sanaphunzire.

Tsiku lotha ntchito: Zaka 2

Zoyenera kufalitsa kuchokera kuma fakitoli: mwa mankhwala

Wopanga: Eli Lilly East S.A., Switzerland

Kutulutsa Fomu

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti chinthu chogwira ntchito mankhwalawo ndi insulin ya anthu. Mankhwala amamasulidwa mu mawonekedwe a kuyimitsidwa kwa jakisoni ndi yankho lapadera la jakisoni. Mitundu iyi imatha kukhala muma cartridge, komanso mabotolo.

Insulin Humulin N

Wopanga

Choyamba muyenera kudziwa kuti ndi ndani yemwe akuwonetsa insulin? Chithandizo cha anthu omwe ali ndi mitundu iwiri yonseyo ya shuga sichingakhale chokwanira popanda analogi ya insulin yaumunthu. Zimafunikira kuti shuga ikhale m'magazi m'malo oyenera.

Mankhwala ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso wodwala omwe ali ndi matendawa. Ponena za maiko opanga, nthawi zambiri pamakhala atatu kapena anayi a iwo. Popeza pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwalawa, iliyonse imapangidwa m'maiko osiyanasiyana.

Pakadali pano, mitundu yotsatirayi ya mankhwala omwe amafunsidwa amaperekedwa mumafakisi:

1. Humulin NPH (USA, France),
2. Humulin MZ (France),
3. Humulin L (USA),
4. Humulin Wokhazikika (France),
5. Humulin M2 20/80 (USA).

Zokonzekera zonse za insulin zakumwambazi (zotupa za pancreatic) zimakhala ndi mphamvu ya hypoglycemic (hypoglycemic). Mankhwalawa adapangidwa pamaziko a insulin yaumunthu.

Chochita chachikulu cha Humulin ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga mu seramu yamagazi. Chifukwa chake, mankhwalawa amapereka shuga wambiri pogwiritsa ntchito minyewa ndipo amawaphatikiza ndi zochita za metabolic zomwe zimachitika m'maselo a thupi.

Kutengera njira yakukonzekera ndi kukonza, insulin iliyonse imakhala ndi zake, zomwe zimathandizidwanso poika chithandizo chapadera. Kuphatikiza pazomwe zimagwira ntchito kwambiri (insulin, yoyesedwa m'mayunitsi apadziko lonse - ME), mankhwalawa onse amaphatikiza zowonjezera zamagulu osungidwa.

Monga lamulo, zosakaniza monga protamine sulfate, phenol, zinc chloride, glycerin, metacresol, sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, madzi a jakisoni ndi ena akhoza kuphatikizidwa mu mtundu uliwonse wa Humulin.

Mankhwalawa amathandiza kukwaniritsa zabwino kuchokera ku mankhwala. Izi ndichifukwa choti imatha kupanga kuperewera kwathunthu kapena pang'ono pang'ono kwa mphamvu ya insulin.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti mankhwalawa ayenera kuyikidwa kokha ndi endocrinologist. Pambuyo pake, pakakhala kufunika kwofunikira, dokotala yekha ndiye ayenera kuthana ndi mlingo womwe waperekedwa.

Nthawi zambiri kuikidwa kwa insulin yotchedwa Humulin kumakhala kwa moyo wonse. Kwa nthawi yayitali choncho, amadziwika pamaso pa matenda a shuga 1.

Nthawi zina (ndimatenda ophatikizika omwe amapezeka mu mawonekedwe owopsa kapena osachiritsika, komanso kuwonongeka pakulimbana ndi matenda ashuga ndi matenda amtundu wachiwiri), tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yochiritsira mosiyanasiyana.

Musaiwale kuti matenda ashuga amafunika kukhala mahomoni opanga ma pancreatic.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake kukana izi kumatha kubweretsa zotsatira zosasinthika ku thanzi la munthu.

Pakadali pano, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamankhwala awa ndi mitundu monga Humulin Regular ndi Humulin NPH.

Kutengera ndi mitundu, mankhwalawa Humulin angagulidwe motere:

1. NPH. Imapezeka ngati kuyimitsidwa kwa kayendetsedwe ka subcutaneous, 100 IU / ml. Amadzaza mabotolo 10 ml m'magalasi osalowerera. Iliyonse ya iwo ili ndi katoni. Mankhwala amtunduwu amaphatikizidwanso m'magaba atatu a galasi ofanana. Asanu mwa awa ayikidwa mu chithuza. Iliyonse imakwanira mu phukusi lapadera,
2. MH. Imapezeka m'mitundu yotulutsira iyi: kuyimitsidwa kwa jakisoni (3 ml) m'matumba apadera, kuyimitsidwa (10 ml) m'mabotolo, yankho la jakisoni (3 ml) m'mabotolo, yankho (10 ml) m'mabotolo,
3. L. Kuyimitsidwa kwa jakisoni 40 IU / ml kapena 100 IU / ml mu botolo la 10 ml, lomwe ladzaza ndi katoni,
4. Nthawi zonse. Chimodzimodzinso ndi chimodzi cham'mbuyo, chimapangidwa muyezo, 1 ml yomwe muli 40 PISCES kapena 100 PISCES,
5. M2 20/80. Kuyimitsidwa kwa jakisoni kuli pafupifupi 40 kapena 100 IU / ml recombinant insulin ya anthu. Mankhwalawa amapezeka m'mabotolo ndi ma cartridge.

Matenda a shuga amawopa mankhwalawa, ngati moto!

Muyenera kungolemba ...

Zokhudza mtengo wake, mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwalawo womwe umaganiziridwa uli ndi mtengo wake.

Ngati mwatsatanetsatane, ndiye kuti mndandanda wa mtengo wa Humulin ndi motere:

1. NPH - kutengera mlingo, mtengo wamba ndi ma ruble 200,
2. MH - mtengo wake ungafanane ndi 300 mpaka 600 ma ruble,
3. L - mkati mwa ma ruble 400,
4. Nthawi zonse - mpaka ma ruble 200,
5. M2 20/80 - kuchokera ku ma ruble 170.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito

Humulin nthawi zambiri imayendetsedwa mwanjira yoti idutse dongosolo la chimbudzi. Nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa jakisoni wamkati kapena wofikira.

Malinga ndi malamulo omwe alipo, wodwala wa endocrinologist ayenera kupita ku maphunziro apadera, mwachitsanzo, ku "sukulu ya shuga".

Kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kwa tsiku lililonse, ndi madokotala okha omwe ayenera kusankha. Mlingo wosankhidwa ungasiyane malingana ndi mtundu wa masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso zakudya. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti wodwala wa endocrinologist nthawi yomweyo azilamulira kuchuluka kwa glycemia.

Monga lamulo, mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito insulin ayenera kumwedwa nthawi zonse. Mankhwalawa ndi othandizanso kwa amuna ndi akazi.

Madokotala ati Humulin ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ana. Inde, ngati glycemia imayendetsedwa panthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito. Okalamba amafunika kuwunika mosamala momwe ziwalo zamagetsi zimakhalira. Monga lamulo, madokotala amapatsidwa mlingo wotsika kwa odwala.

Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, mankhwalawa amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwala ochulukirapo otengera insulin, yofanana ndi anthu, amaloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyamwitsa.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Humulin yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ili ndi zovuta zomwezo, zomwe zalembedwa m'malangizo ake.

Choyipa chachikulu ndichakuti kulowa m'malo mwa insulin ya anthu kumatha kudzetsa lipodystrophy (pamalo omwe jakisoni idapangidwira).

Ngakhale odwala omwe ali ndi endocrinologists, motsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, kukana insulini, chifuwa, kuchepa kwa potaziyamu m'magazi, ndi kuwonongeka kowonekera kumadziwika.

Thupi lawo siligwirizana angayambitse osati mahomoni a kapamba, koma ndi zina mankhwala.

Contraindication

Mankhwala omwe amafunsidwira amapatsidwa matenda a shuga komanso odana ndi insulin.

Ndikofunikira kusamala kwambiri, makamaka ngati hypoglycemia imawonedwa (shuga m'magazi).

Mankhwala ena amaletsedwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamaso pa tsankho la munthu aliyense (popeza maonekedwe osagwirizana ndi omwe ali ndi vuto lililonse). Akatswiri amaletsa kumwa mowa panthawi yamankhwala ndi insulin yamtunduwu. Izi ndichifukwa choti kusintha kwamphamvu kwamagazi m'magazi kumachitika.

Musanagwiritse ntchito, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mankhwala omwe mukumwa pakadali pano. Zina mwazo sizigwirizana ndi Humulin.

Makanema okhudzana nawo

Zokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa Humalog, Novorapid, Lantus, Humulin R, Insuman-Rapid ndi Actrapid-MS wa mtundu woyamba wa shuga:

Nkhaniyi imawerengera mahomoni a kapamba omwe adachokera koyambira, omwe amafanana ndi insulin yaumunthu - Humulin. Iyenera kutengedwa pokhapokha ngati adayesedwa ndi dokotala pamaziko a mayeso.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mosavomerezeka sikusiyidwa konse, chifukwa mawonekedwe osafunikira a thupi amatha kuonedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa sagawidwa m'mafakisoni popanda mankhwala kuchokera kwa dokotala wothandizira.

Pharmacodynamics ndi pharmacokinetics

Humulin NPH ndi DNA imaphatikizanso insulin yaumunthu ndi nthawi yayitali yowonekera, zotsatira zake zazikulu ndikuwongolera shuga kagayidwe. Mankhwala amawonetsanso anabolic magwiridwe antchito.

Mu minofu ya thupi la munthu (kupatula minyewa yaubongo), insulin Humulin NPH imayendetsa zoyendetsa ma amino acid ndi shuga, komanso imathandizira njira mapuloteni anabolism. Kufanana mu chiwindi, mankhwalawa amalimbikitsa mapangidwe a glycogenkuchokera shugakumapangitsa kusintha kwa zochulukirapo shugamu mafutazoletsa gluconeogenesis.

Kukhazikika kwa insulin kanthu Humulin NPH kumawonedwa patatha mphindi 60 pambuyo paudindo, ndi mphamvu yokwanira munthawi ya 2 mpaka 8 mawola ndi nthawi ya ntchito mkati mwa maola 18-20.

Onani kusiyana komwe kulipo pakuchita bwino insulinzimatengera kusankha kwa mlingo, malo a jakisoni, komanso zochitika zolimbitsa thupi za wodwalayo.

Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito

Mankhwala a Humulin NPH akuwonetsedwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito ndi:

• woyamba adapezeka matenda ashuga,
• matenda ashugam'malo mwazizindikiro zakusankhidwa mankhwala a insulin,
• mimbakumbuyo osachiritsika omwe amadalira shuga (mtundu 2).

Zotsatira zoyipa

Zotsatira zoyipa zazikulu hypoglycemia, pomwe pamachitika zovuta kwambiri kumatha kuyambitsa kusazindikira komanso kufa (kawirikawiri).

Palinso kuthekera kochepa kakapangidwe lipodystrophy.

Thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi chikhalidwe:

Zomwe thupi lawo siliganiza:

• kutupakapena kuyabwam'dera la jakisoni (nthawi zambiri amayima pakangotha ​​milungu yochepa),
• Hyperemia.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito Humulin NPH

Mlingo wa Humulin NPH amasankhidwa payekha, molingana ndi mulingo wa glycemiawodwala.

Jakisoni wambiri wa Humulin NPH amaletsedwa!

Emulsion iyenera kuperekedwa, nthawi zina, jakisoni ya IM imaloledwa. Subcutaneous makonzedwe amachitika pamimba, phewa, matako kapena ntchafu. Malowo a jakisoni asinthidwe kuti kwa masiku 30 osaphatikizanso jakisoni imodzi.

Jakisoni wa SC amafunika luso lotsogolera komanso kusamala. Ndikofunikira kuti musalowe ndi singano m'mitsempha yamagazi, musamayesere malo a jakisoni, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyendetsera mankhwalawa moyenera.

Kukonzekera ndi kutsata kwa Humulin NPH

Ndi cholinga insulin resuspension, musanagwiritse ntchito, Mbale ndi makatiriji a kukonzekera kwa Humulin NPH ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ziguduzidwe kanthawi kokwanira m'manja khumi ndikugwedezeka kambiri nthawi imodzi (kutembenuka mpaka 180 °) mpaka kukonzekera kumapeza mawonekedwe osalala pafupi ndi mkaka kapena madzi amchere. Kugwedeza mankhwalawa mwamphamvu sikuyenera kutero, chifukwa chithovu chopangidwa mwanjira iyi chimatha kusokoneza kusankha kwenikweni kwa mlingo.

Mbale ndi ma cartridge ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala. Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito insulinndi matope oyera kapena tinthu tating'ono tomwe timamamatira kukhoma kapena pansi pa botolo, ndikupanga mawonekedwe achisanu.

Kapangidwe ka cartridge sikuloleza zomwe zili mkati mwake kusakanikirana ndi zina insulin, komanso kudzazitsanso katoniyo.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito Mbale, emulsion imasonkhanitsidwa pamenepo syringe insulin, yomwe voliyumu imafanana ndi potengera insulin(mwachitsanzo 100 IU / 1 ml insulin= 1 ml syringe) ndikuthandizira malinga ndi malingaliro a dokotala.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito makatoni, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a omwe amapanga cholembera kuti akhazikitse, kuphatikiza ndi singano, komanso kuyang'anira insulin, mwachitsanzo, malangizo a Humulin NPH mu cholembera cha Quick Pen.

Mukangobaya jekeseni, pogwiritsa ntchito kachipangiri kunja kwa singano, chotsani singanoyo ndikuiwononga m'njira yotetezeka, ndiye kutseka chogwirizira ndi kapu. Njirayi imaperekanso mphamvu yotseketsa, imalepheretsa mpweya kuti isalowe, imalepheretsa kutuluka kwa mankhwalawa ndi kutsekeka kotheka.

Masingano ndi zolembera sizingagwiritsenso ntchito kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ena. Mbale ndi ma cartridge amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi mpaka mankhwala atamalizidwa, ndikuchotsedwa.

Mwina kuyambitsa kwa Humulin NPH kuphatikiza Humulin Wokhazikika. Chifukwa chiyani, kuti titha kupewa kulowerera m'botolo insulinkuchitapo kanthu kwanthawi yayitali, woyamba kuyimba mu syringe insulinzochita zazifupi. Kusakaniza uku ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti kuyambitsidwe mukangosakaniza. Kuti mupeze mlingo woyenera wa awiri insulinmutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma syringe osiyanasiyana.

Bongo

Mwakutero, palibe mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Humulin NPH. Zizindikiro zimawerengedwa. hypoglycemialimodzi ndi kuchuluka thukutaulesi tachycardiamutu womvera khungu mawonekedwe kunjenjemera, chisokonezokusanza.

Nthawi zina, zizindikiro zam'mbuyomu hypoglycemia (shuga yayitali kapena kuwongolera kwake kwambiri) kumasintha.

Mawonekedwe hypoglycemiawofatsa, nthawi zambiri umayimitsidwa pakamwa shugakapena shuga(dextrose) M'tsogolomu, mungafunike kusintha zakudya, mlingo insulinkapena zolimbitsa thupi.

Kusintha hypoglycemiakusasamala kochitika kumachitika ndi jekeseni wa SC kapena / m glucagon, ndi makamwa owonjezereka chakudya.

Mawonekedwe owopsa hypoglycemiaatha kutsagana nawo chikomokere, zovuta zamitsempha kapena spasmsomwe atulutsidwa ndi jakisoni wa iv shuga wolimbas (dextrose) kapena s / c kapena kuyambitsa glucagon. M'tsogolomo, kuti tipewe kubwereranso kwazizindikiro, chakudya chamafuta chakudya.

Kuchita

Kuchita kwa Hypoglycemic kwa Humulin NPH kumachepa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kofananira kulera kwamlomomahomoni a chithokomiro glucocorticoids, thiazide okodzetsatrousclic antidepressants, Diazoxide.

Kuphatikiza Ntchito Mowamankhwala a hypoglycemic (pamlomo), salicylatesMao zoletsa sulfonamides, opanga beta Sinthani zotsatira za hypoglycemic za Humulin NPH.

Malangizo apadera

Sankhani pakufunika kosamutsira wodwala wina kapena mtundu wina insulin kungakhale dokotala. Kusintha uku kuyenera kuchitika motsogozedwa mwamphamvu ndi zomwe wodwala akuchita.

Sinthani mtundu ntchito ya insulin(Nthawi zonse, M3ndi zina).munthu, nkhumba, analog) kapena njira yopangira (chinyamachiyambi kapena DNA yobwerezaAngafunike kusintha kwa mankhwalawa, koyambirira koyambira komanso pakumwa, pang'onopang'ono kwa milungu kapena miyezi.

Insulinkudalira kumatha kuchepera kulephera kwa aimpsozodabwisa gren adrenalchithokomiro chiwindi.

At kupsinjika mtima ndipo ndi ma pathologies ena, pakhoza kukhala chosowa chowonjezera cha insulin.

Nthawi zina kusintha kwa mankhwalawa ndikofunikira pakusintha Zakudyakapena kuchuluka zolimbitsa thupi.

Mwa odwala ena, ngati atagwiritsidwa ntchito insulin yamunthuzizindikiro zam'mbuyomu hypoglycemiaikhoza kukhala yosiyana ndi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito nyama insulin kapena musatchulidwe.

Matenda a plasma kuchuluka kwa shugachifukwa champhamvu mankhwala a insulinzimatsogolera pakutha kwa zonse kapena mawonekedwe ena hypoglycemiazomwe muyenera kumuuza wodwalayo.

Zizindikiro zakuyamba hypoglycemiaItha kuyeretsedwa kapena kusinthidwa kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito limodzi opanga beta, matenda ashuga a m'mimbakapena kutalikamatenda ashuga.

Nthawi zina, kwanuko matupi awo onsemawonetsedwe atha kukhala pazifukwa zosagwirizana ndi zovuta za mankhwalawa (mwachitsanzo, kupweteketsa khungu chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito yothandizira kuyeretsa kapena jakisoni wosayenera).

Kaŵirikaŵiri, kagwiridwe ka ziwonetsero zina kangafunike chithandizo chamomwemonso (kuchititsa kukakamirakapena insulin m'malo).

Chifukwa cha zomwe zingachitike hypoglycemiakusamala konse kuyenera kuchitika mukamagwira ntchito zowopsa ndikuyendetsa galimoto.

• Mwadzidzidzi insulin-Ferein,
• Monotard HM,
• Insulin-Ferein ChSP,
• Monotard MC,
• Humodar B,
• Pensulin SS.

• Vozulim-N,
• Biosulin N,
• Humulin M3,
• Gansulin N,
• Insuman Bazal GT,
• Gensulin N,
• Humulin Wokhazikika,
• Insuran NPH,
• Rinsulin NPH,
• Protafan HM,
• Humodar B Mitsinje 100.

Dongosolo la makonzedwe, mlingo ndi kuchuluka kwa jakisoni zimatsimikiziridwa payekha ndi dokotala, mogwirizana ndi zofunikira za wodwalayo.

Mimba (ndi mkaka wa m'mawere)

Odwala ndi matenda ashugadziwitsani wopereka chithandizo chazachipatala za kukonzekera kapena mwadzidzidzi mimba, mwachizolowezi, kufunikira kwa insulinamachepetsa mu trimester yoyamba ndikuwonjezeka trimesters yachiwiri ndi yachitatu (nthawi yofunikira kuikidwiratu insulinndi kusintha kwina kwa mankhwala).

Komanso, zakudya komanso / kapena kusintha kwa mankhwalawa kungafunike panthawi imeneyi kuyamwa.

Mukamasankha insulinDokotala amayenera kuwunika wodwalayo kuchokera kumbali zonse ndikusankha mankhwala omwe ali oyenera kwa wodwalayo.

Pankhaniyi, mankhwalawa Humulin NPH amawonetsa zotsatira zabwino zamankhwala ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwakanthawi.