Toujeo SoloStar ndiye njira yatsopano yochitira insulin glargine yopangidwa ndi Sanofi. Sanofi ndi kampani yayikulu yopanga mankhwala omwe amapanga ma insulin osiyanasiyana odwala matenda ashuga (Apidra, Lantus, Insumans).

Ku Russia, Toujeo adachita kulembetsa pansi pa dzina la "Tujeo." Ku Ukraine, mankhwala atsopano a shuga amatchedwa Tozheo. Umu ndi mtundu wa analogi yapamwamba ya Lantus. Zopangidwira mtundu wa akulu 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 odwala matenda ashuga.

Ubwino wawukulu wa Tujeo ndi mbiri yopanda chiyembekezo ya glycemic komanso nthawi yayitali mpaka maola 35.

Kafukufuku awonetsa kuti Toujeo amawonetsa kuyendetsa bwino glycemic mu mtundu 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 odwala matenda ashuga. Kutsika kwa glycated hemoglobin mu insulin glargine 300 IU sikunasiyana ndi Lantus.

Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe adakwanitsa kufika pa HbA1c anali omwewo, kuwongolera kwa ma insulin awiriwo kunali kofanana.

Poyerekeza ndi Lantus, Tujeo ali ndi kutulutsidwa pang'onopang'ono kwa insulin kuchokera ku mpweya wotentha, motero mwayi waukulu wa Toujeo SoloStar ndi mwayi wochepetsedwa wokhala ndi hypoglycemia yayikulu (makamaka usiku).

Malangizo achidule ogwiritsira ntchito Tujeo

Ndikofunikira kupaka insulin mosakakamira kamodzi patsiku nthawi yomweyo. Sicholinga cholowetsa magazi mkati. Mlingo ndi nthawi ya makonzedwe zimasankhidwa payekha ndi dokotala wanu woyang'aniridwa ndi shuga wamagazi pafupipafupi.

Ngati moyo kapena kusintha kwa thupi, kusintha kwa mlingo kungafunike. Matenda a diabetes a Type 1 amapatsidwa Toujeo 1 nthawi patsiku limodzi ndi jekeseni wa ultrashort insulin. Mankhwalawa glargin 100ED ndi Tujeo ndi osakhala amwano komanso osasinthika.

Kusintha kuchokera ku Lantus kumachitika ndi kuwerengetsa kwa 1 mpaka 1, ena omwe amakhala akuchita insulin - 80% ya tsiku lililonse.

Makhalidwe ndi njira yoyendetsera insulin Tujeo

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga chimachitika ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana a glycemic. Sanofi adatulutsa chida chaposachedwa kwambiri, Tujeo Solostar, kutengera insulin.

Tujeo ndi insulin yozizira kwambiri. Amalamulira kuchuluka kwa glucose kwa masiku awiri.

Mankhwalawa amalowetsedwa pang'onopang'ono, amagawa bwino komanso amapangidwa mofulumira. Tujeo Solostar imalekeredwa bwino ndipo imachepetsa zoopsa za nocturnal hypoglycemia.

"TujeoSolostar" - mankhwala ozikidwa pa insulin. Cholinga cha mankhwalawa ndi mtundu wa matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba. Mulinso gawo Glargin - m'badwo waposachedwa wa insulin.

Ili ndi vuto la glycemic - imachepetsa shuga popanda kusinthasintha kwamphamvu. Mankhwalawa ali ndi mawonekedwe osinthika, omwe amakupatsani mwayi wowonjezera mankhwala.

Tujeo amatanthauza insulin yotalikilapo. Nthawi ya ntchitoyi ikuchokera maola 24 mpaka 34. Zomwe zimagwira zimafanana ndi insulin ya anthu. Poyerekeza ndi kukonzekera komweko, kumalimbikitsidwa kwambiri - zimakhala ndi mayunitsi 300 / ml, ku Lantus - 100 mayunitsi / ml.

Wopanga - Sanofi-Aventis (Germany).

Zindikirani! Mankhwala omwe amachokera ku Glargin amagwira ntchito bwino ndipo samayambitsa kuchuluka kwadzidzidzi mu shuga.

Mankhwala amakhala osalala komanso ochepetsera shuga pokhazikitsa kagayidwe ka shuga. Kuchulukitsa mapuloteni, kumalepheretsa mapangidwe a shuga m'chiwindi. Imathandizira mayamwidwe a shuga ndi minofu ya thupi.

Thupi limasungunuka m'malo acidic. Pang'onopang'ono odzipereka, wogawana wogawa komanso wopangidwa mofulumira. Zochita pazambiri ndi maola 36. Kutha kwa theka-moyo kuli mpaka maola 19.

Toujeo insulin: ma analogu atsopano ndi mitengo

Masiku ano mdziko lapansi kuli kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa chiwerengero cha anthu odwala matenda a shuga. Malinga ndi kulosera, podzafika chaka cha 2035, anthu odwala matenda ashuga padziko lapansi azidzawonjezeka pawiri ndipo opitilira theka la odwala. Ziwerengero zokhumudwitsa izi zikukakamiza makampani opanga mankhwala kupanga mitundu ingapo yatsopano yolimbana ndi matenda oyambawa.

Chimodzi mwazomwe zidachitika posachedwa ndi mankhwala Toujeo, omwe adapangidwa ndi kampani yaku Germany ya Sanofi potengera insulin glargine. Kuphatikizika kumeneku kumapangitsa Tujeo kukhala inshuwaransi yapamwamba kwambiri, yotalika kwa nthawi yayitali yomwe imathandizira kuyendetsa bwino shuga ya magazi, kupewa kusinthasintha kwadzidzidzi.

Ubwino wina wa Tujeo ndi kusowa kwathunthu kwazotsatira zoyipa limodzi ndi katundu wokwanira kulipira ndalama. Izi zimathandizira kupewa kukula kwa zovuta zazikulu za matenda ashuga, monga kuwonongeka kwa mtima ndi mitsempha, zomwe zingapangitse kutayika kwamaso, kuwonongeka kwakumapeto ndi zosokoneza pamimba.

Mwakutero, katundu wotereyu ndiofunikira kwambiri kwa mankhwala opatsirana, chifukwa maziko a mankhwalawa ndi othandizira kupewa matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matendawa. Koma kuti mumvetsetse bwino momwe Tujeo amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe imasiyanirana ndi mawonekedwe ake, ndikofunikira kuti mulankhule mwatsatanetsatane za mankhwalawa.

Zojambula ndi Ubwino

Tujeo ndi mankhwala apadziko lonse lapansi omwe ali oyenerera kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 komanso a 2. Izi zimathandizidwa ndi insulin analogue ya m'badwo wotsiriza, glargin 300, chomwe ndi gawo lake, chomwe ndi chida chabwino kwambiri popewa insulin.

Kumayambiriro koyambirira kwa matendawa, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amadalira insulin amatha kuchita kokha pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga.

Zotsatira zake, akukumana ndi zovuta zonse za mankhwala a insulin, monga kunenepa kwambiri komanso kuukiridwa pafupipafupi kwa hypoglycemia.

M'mbuyomu, kuti muchepetse mavuto a insulin, odwala amayenera kudya mokhazikika komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse. Koma pobwera masiku ano a insulin analogues, monga glargine, kufunika kokhwimitsa zinthu mokwanira komanso kulolera kusiya kuukira kwa hypoglycemia kunazimiririka.

Chifukwa chakuchepa kocheperako, nthawi yayitali kuchitapo kanthu, komanso kutulutsa kokhazikika kwa minyewa m'magazi, glargine nthawi zambiri imayambitsa kutsika kwamphamvu kwa shuga m'magazi ndipo sizimathandizira kukulitsa thupi.

Kukonzekera konse kotengera glargine ndikotetezeka kwa odwala, chifukwa sikumayambitsa kusinthasintha kwakukulu mu shuga ndikuteteza bwino dongosolo la mtima, monga zikuwonetsedwera ndi maphunziro angapo. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa glargine m'malo mwa kununkhira mankhwala a insulin kumathandizira kuchepetsa mtengo wa chithandizo ndi pafupifupi 40%.

Toujeo si mankhwala oyamba omwe ali ndi mamolekyulu a glargine. Mwina chinthu choyamba chomwe kuphatikiza glargargin chinali Lantus. Komabe, ku Lantus ili ndi voliyumu ya 100 PIECES / ml, pomwe ku Tujeo kuzunzika kwake kumakwezeka katatu - 300 PIECES / ml.

Chifukwa chake, kuti mupeze mlingo wofanana ndi insulin ya Tujeo, zimatengera katatu kuposa Lantus, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti jakisoni asakhale opweteka kwambiri chifukwa chakuchepetsa kwambiri dera. Kuphatikiza apo, voliyumu yaying'ono yamankhwala imakuthandizani kuti muzitha kuyendetsa bwino insulin kulowa m'magazi.

Ndi malo ocheperako othamanga, kuyamwa kwa mankhwalawo kuchokera ku minofu yolowerera kumachitika pang'onopang'ono komanso moyenera. Katunduyu amapangitsa Tujeo popanda analogue yapamwamba kwambiri, yomwe imathandiza kuti shuga asakhale wofanana komanso kupewa matenda a hypoglycemia.

Poyerekeza glargin 300 IU / ml ndi glargin 100 IU / ml, titha kunena motsimikiza kuti mtundu woyamba wa insulin uli ndi mbiri yabwino ya pharmacokinetic komanso nthawi yayitali, yomwe ndi maola 36.

Kuchita bwino kwambiri komanso kutetezedwa kwa glargine 300 IU / ml kunatsimikiziridwa pa kafukufuku momwe mtundu 1 wa matenda ashuga amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana ndi magawo a matendawo adachitikira.

Mankhwala a Tujeo ali ndi ndemanga zambiri zabwino, zonse kuchokera kwa odwala komanso madokotala omwe akuwathandiza.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa

Toujeo imapezeka mu mawonekedwe a yankho lomveka bwino, lomwe lili ndi ma cartilges 1.5 galasi. Katirijiyo payokha amayikiramo cholembera kuti agwiritse ntchito kamodzi. M'mafakitala, mankhwala a Tujeo amagulitsidwa m'makatoni, omwe amakhala ndi zolembera 1,3 kapena 5.

Tuulin ya basulin ya insulin iyenera kuperekedwa kamodzi patsiku. Komabe, palibe malingaliro enieni okhudzana ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri ya jakisoni. Wodwala iyemwini amatha kusankha nthawi yoyenera kuti apereke mankhwalawa - m'mawa, masana kapena madzulo.

Ndibwino ngati wodwala matenda ashuga atha kubayira inshuwaransi ya Tujeo nthawi yomweyo. Koma ngati amaiwala kapena alibe nthawi yoti apange jakisoni munthawi yake, ndiye kuti izi sizingakhale ndi thanzi labwino. Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa Tujeo, wodwalayo ali ndi mwayi wopanga jakisoni maola 3 kale kapena maola atatu pambuyo pake kuposa momwe adanenera.

Izi zimapatsa wodwala nthawi ya maola 6 omwe amayenera kupatsidwa insulin, osawopa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Katunduyu wa mankhwalawa amathandizira kwambiri pamoyo wa anthu odwala matenda ashuga, chifukwa zimamupatsa mwayi wopangira jakisoni m'malo osavuta kwambiri.

Kuwerengera mlingo wa mankhwalawa kuyeneranso kuchitika payekhapayekha pogwiritsa ntchito endocrinologist. Mlingo wokhazikika wa insulini umasinthidwa movomerezeka ngati kusintha kwa kulemera kwa thupi kwa wodwalayo, kusintha kwa zakudya zina, kukulitsa kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, ndikusintha nthawi ya jakisoni.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito insulin ya basal, Tujeo ayenera kuyeza shuga m'magazi kawiri pa tsiku. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ndi izi m'mawa ndi madzulo. Ndikofunika kutsindika kuti mankhwalawa a Tujeo si oyenera kuthandizira ketoacidosis. Ma insulin omwe amagwira ntchito mwachidule amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazomwezi.

Njira yochizira ndi Tujeo zimadalira mtundu wa shuga wodwala amene ali ndi:

1. Tujeo wodwala matenda ashuga amtundu 1. Njira zochizira matendawa ziyenera kuphatikiza jakisoni wa Tujeo yemwe amakhala nthawi yayitali ndikugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwakanthaŵi kwa insulin. Pankhaniyi, Mlingo wa basal insulin Tuje ayenera kusankhidwa palokha.
2. Tujeo yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2. Ndi mtundu uwu wa matenda ashuga, akatswiri a ma endocrinologists amalimbikitsa odwala awo kusankha mlingo woyenera wa mankhwalawo chifukwa pa kilogalamu iliyonse ya kulemera kwa 0,2 wodwala pamafunika. Lowetsani insulini yoyambira kamodzi patsiku, ngati kuli kotheka, sinthani mlingo uliwonse.

Odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga sakudziwa kusintha momwe angagwiritsire ntchito Lantus kupita ku Tujeo. Ngakhale kuti onse mankhwalawa amachokera ku glargine, sikuti ali ndi bioequivaili motero sangawonedwe ngati osinthika.

Poyamba, wodwalayo amalangizidwa kuti asamutsitse Mlingo wa insulin imodzi kupita nayo ku muyeso wa gawo kupita ku unit. Komabe, patsiku loyamba kugwiritsa ntchito Tujeo, wodwalayo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi. Ndizotheka kuti mukwaniritse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, wodwalayo afunika kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa.

Kusintha kuchokera ku ma insulin ena oyambira ku mankhwala a Tujeo kumafuna kukonzekera kwambiri, chifukwa mu nkhani iyi, mlingo uyenera kusinthidwa osati kwa insulin okhazikika, komanso kwa omwe achita mwachidule. Ndipo kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, mlingo wa othandizira a hypoglycemic uyeneranso kusinthidwa.

• Kusintha kuchokera nthawi yayitali insulin. Panthawi imeneyi, wodwala sangasinthe mlingo, akumusiyanso chimodzimodzi. Ngati m'tsogolo wodwala akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga kapena, m'malo mwake, zizindikiro za hypoglycemia, mlingo uyenera kusintha.
• Kusintha kuchokera kwa ma insulin apakati. Ma insulini apakati ochita kupanga apakati amalowetsedwa m'thupi la wodwalayo kawiri patsiku, ndiwo kusiyana kwawo kwakukulu ndi Tujeo. Kuti muwerenge molondola kuchuluka kwa mankhwala atsopano, ndikofunikira kufotokozera mwachidule kuchuluka kwa insulin tsiku lililonse ndikuchotsa pafupifupi 20%. 80% yotsala ndiyoyenera kukhala mlingo woyenera wa insulin yayitali.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mankhwalawa a Tujeo ndi oletsedwa kusakanikirana ndi ma insulini ena kapena kuchepetsedwa ndi chilichonse, chifukwa izi zitha kufupikitsa nthawi yake ndikupangitsa mpweya.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito

Toujeo amangopangidwira kuti ingoikamo tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala m'mimba, ntchafu ndi mikono. Ndikofunika kusintha tsamba la jekeseni tsiku ndi tsiku kuti mupewe kupangika kwa zipsera ndi kukula kwa hyper- kapena hypotrophy ya minofu yolowerera.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa inshuwaransi ya Tujeo mu mitsempha kuyenera kupewedwa, chifukwa izi zimatha kuyambitsa matenda oopsa a hypoglycemia. Kukula kwakanthawi kwa mankhwalawa kumangopezeka ndi jakisoni wokhazikika. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa Tujeo sangathe kulowetsedwa m'thupi ndi pampu ya insulin.

Kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera cha syringe imodzi, wodwalayo adzadzibaya yekha ndi kipimo cha 1 mpaka 80 mayunitsi. Kuphatikiza apo, pakugwiritsa ntchito, wodwala amakhala ndi mwayi wowonjezera mlingo wa insulin ndi 1 unit nthawi imodzi.

Malamulo ogwiritsa ntchito cholembera:

1. Cholembera cha syringe chili ndi mita ya muyezo yomwe imawonetsa wodwala kuchuluka kwa insulini yomwe ingabayidwe panthawi ya jakisoni. Cholembera cha syringechi chidapangidwa makamaka kwa Tujeo insulin, chifukwa chake, mukamagwiritsa ntchito, palibe chifukwa cholembetsanso mopitilira muyeso.
2. Ndizokhumudwitsidwa kulowa mkatikati pogwiritsa ntchito syringe yamtunduwu ndikulowetsanso yankho la Tujeo. Kugwiritsa ntchito syringe yachizolowezi, wodwalayo sangathe kudziwa bwino kuchuluka kwa insulin, komwe kungayambitse kwambiri hypoglycemia.
3. Ndi koletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito singano yomweyo.Pakonzekera jakisoni wa insulin, wodwalayo ayenera kusintha singano yakale ndi yatsopano yosabala. Ma singano a insulin ndi ochepa thupi, chifukwa mukawagwiritsanso ntchito, mwayi wotseka singano ndi wokwera kwambiri. Potere, wodwala atha kulandira insulin yayikulu kwambiri kapena mosinthanitsa ndi insulin yayikulu kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsanso ntchito kwa singano kungayambitse matenda a bala kuchokera jakisoni.

Khola la syringe limapangidwa kuti ligwiritsidwe ntchito ndi wodwala m'modzi yekha. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake ndi odwala angapo nthawi imodzi kungayambitse matenda opatsirana kudzera m'magazi.

Pambuyo pa jakisoni woyamba, wodwalayo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera cha Tujeo jakisoni kwa milungu inayi. Ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kusungira m'malo amdima, otetezedwa bwino ndi dzuwa.

Pofuna kuti usaiwale tsiku la jakisoni woyamba, liyenera kuwonetsedwa pa cholembera.

Toujeo basal insulin idavomerezedwa posachedwa ku Russia mu Julayi 2016. Chifukwa chake, silinafikebe kufalikira mdziko lathu monga ma insulin ena okhalitsa.

Mtengo wamba wa Tujeo ku Russia ndi rubles 3,000. Mtengo wocheperako umakhala pafupifupi ma ruble 2800, pomwe wokwera ungafike pafupifupi ma ruble 3200.

Zina insulin zam'badwo watsopano zitha kutengedwa ngati fanizo la mankhwala a Tujeo. Limodzi mwa mankhwalawa ndi Tresiba, lomwe linapangidwa pamaziko a insulin Degludec. Degludek ali ndi zofanana ndi Glargin 300.

Komanso, zomwe zimapangitsa thupi la wodwalayo zimaphatikizidwa ndi insulin peglizpro, pamaziko omwe mankhwala angapo a odwala a shuga akupangidwa lero. Kanemayo munkhaniyi akuthandizani kudziwa nthawi yomwe insulini imalembera.

Ntchito ndi Mlingo

Tujeo Solostar imangoperekedwa pang'onopang'ono, paphewa, pamimba kapena ntchafu. Madera omwe jakisoni amayenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi (kupewa kupewa kuyipa). Mankhwalawa sanapangidwe kuti apangidwe ndi kulowetsedwa kudzera pakhungu la insulin. Kutengera mlingo wa mankhwalawa omwe adokotala adamupangira, kuyambira 1 mpaka 80 mayunitsi ake amayamba ndi cholembera.

Solostar sinapangidwe kuti ichotsedwe ku cartridge ndikusunthira mu syringe. Kugwiritsa ntchito singano mobwerezabwereza kumaletsedwanso, popeza ndizotheka kuziletsa, chifukwa chomwe kuchuluka kapena kuchepa kwa mulingo. Sungani Tujeo Solostar kapena insulin glargine pamalo amdima osaposa milungu inayi kuchokera koyamba kugwiritsa ntchito.

Toujeo insulin ndi yoletsedwa kusakaniza ndi insulin yamtundu uliwonse. Izi zimayambitsa kusintha kwa mankhwalawo ndipo zimapangitsa kuti mpweya ukhale wabwino. Tujeo Solostar amaletsedwanso kubereka.

Mlingo wa mankhwalawa uyenera kufotokozedwa ndi kusinthidwa payekhapayekha komanso ndi dokotala wokhazikika.

Kusintha muyezo wa Tujeo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kapena kuwonjezera kulemera kwa thupi la wodwalayo, kusintha moyo wake kapena kusintha nthawi yovulala. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mlingo wosinthika wa mankhwalawa kumachitika kokha pamaso pa akatswiri azachipatala.

"Maupangidwe" amatanthauza insulin iyi yokha, siyofanana ndi zigawo zomwe zimawonetsa kulimba kwa njira zina zofananira. Toujeo iyenera kukhazikitsidwa kamodzi patsiku nthawi iliyonse masana, koma makamaka nthawi yomweyo. Chifukwa chotenga nthawi yayitali, odwala amatha kubaya mankhwalawo maola atatu isanachitike kapena nthawi yovomerezeka ya jekeseni.

Sungani Tujeo pamalo amdima ndipo osapitilira masabata anayi kuchokera tsiku loyamba kugwiritsa ntchito!

Pomwe osagwiritsa ntchito

Toujeo Solostar amadziwikiritsa kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga osakwana zaka 18 chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mayesero azaka zam'mbuyomu chifukwa chachitetezo cha mankhwalawa kapena kusalolera kwa munthu payekha pazigawo za Toujeo kapena insulin glargine.

Chenjezo limalangizidwa kupereka mankhwala:

• Amayi oyembekezera (pokhudzana ndi kuthekera kotheka kwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa omwe amwedwa pambuyo pobadwa kwa mwana komanso panthawi yoyembekezera).
• Anthu achikulire (woposa zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri).
• Matenda a shuga pamaso pa endocrinological matenda.

Mukasintha kuchokera ku insulin imodzi kupita kwina, ndikofunikira kuti mulankhule ndi endocrinologists, okha ayenera kusankhidwa. M'mikhalidwe yomwe imayenderana ndi kutsegula m'mimba ndi kusanza, kupweteka kwambiri kwaimpso kapena chiwindi, kusamala kumafunikanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zomwe ungayembekezere zikagwidwa molakwika

Ngati mulingo wambiri, hypoglycemia ikhoza kuchitika (zovuta kwambiri zomwe zimachitika ndi insulin mankhwala).

Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia ndi:

• Zofooka.
• Kutopa
• Kuchepetsa mseru
• Kuzindikira kwamphamvu.
• Zingwe.
• Kutaya chikumbumtima.

Zizindikiro zisanayambike, tachycardia, kumva mwamphamvu njala, kusakwiya, kumva nkhawa komanso mantha zingachitike, thukuta, khungu limadziwika.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kusokonezeka kwakanthawi kowonekera kumatha kuonekera. M'malo jakisoni wa Toujeo ndi insulin glargine, kukula kwa lipodystrophy, mawonekedwe a kuyabwa, urticaria, kupweteka, kutupa, ndi redness ndizotheka.

Pofuna kupewa zoyipa, jakisoni amachitika bwino m'malo osiyanasiyana.

Thupi lawo siligwirizana nthawi yomweyo.

Makhalidwe oyerekeza

Tujeo Solostar amakhala ndi insulin yambiri. Kusiyanako kokhudzana ndi analogue ndikuti Tujeo ali ndi mphamvu yogwira katatu (ndiye kuti, ml imodzi wa mlingo wa inshuwaransi ya Tujeo Solostar ndi wofanana ndi ml ml wa analogue). Chifukwa chake, mukasintha kuchokera ku mankhwala osakhazikika kukhala amphamvu, muyenera kufunsa dokotala, yemwe ayenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa insulini kuti muchepetse ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe mumalandira.

Mukasinthira ku insulin, Tujeo Solostar ayenera kufunsa dokotala nthawi zonse!

Panthawi ya mayesero azachipatala, wopanga adawulula kuti ziwalo za Toujeo zidzapitilira kulowa mthupi, izi zimachepetsa kwambiri hypoglycemia, makamaka usiku. Poyerekeza ndi anzawo, Tujeo Solostar ndi 15 peresenti masana ndipo 30 peresenti usiku amachepetsa chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia, popeza Solostar ali ndi digiri yabwino.

Anou Toujeo anafuna kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi tsiku lonse, koma machitidwe ake adakhalitsa kupitirira 12: Opanga Solostar adawupatsa mphamvu yayitali mpaka thupi - kuyambira maola 24 mpaka 35, kusiyana uku ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira.

Mtengo wapakati wa insulin Tujeo Solostar ndi ma ruble 3000.

Mtengo wamba wa insulin lantus ndi ma ruble 3550 (cholembera 100 IU / ml 3 ml, ma PC 5.)

Ngati mukufunikira kutenga insulin, odwala ayenera kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kukhala ndi njira yolondola ya jekeseni, ndikudziwa zoyenera kuchita ngati hyper- ndi hypoglycemia ikachitika. Palibe chifukwa chomwe muyenera kudzikonzera payokha nthawi yamajakisoni omwe adapangidwa ndi adokotala komanso kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe ingabayidwe, osasinthira ku mankhwala ena a insulin (musagwiritse ntchito blog yazachipatala pa intaneti m'malo mwa dokotala weniweni), ndipo pitani kuchipatala msanga.

Toujeo Solostar akhala othandizira odalirika kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Ogwira ntchito ku Sanofi adapatsa Tujeo nthawi yayitali, yomwe imalola jakisoni kamodzi patsiku, ndipo zigawo zapamwamba zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa

Ubwino wa Tujeo poyerekeza ndi mankhwala ofanana ndi awa:

• nthawi yayitali yopitilira masiku awiri,
• zoopsa zokulitsa hypoglycemia nthawi yamadzulo zimachepa,
• kuchuluka kwa jekeseni, motero, kumwa pang'ono kwa mankhwalawa kuti mupeze zotsatira zomwe mukufuna,
• zoyipa zochepa
• kukweza katundu kwambiri
• kuchepa thupi pang'ono ndi kugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi,
• yosalala popanda spikes mu shuga.

Mwa zolakwa zingadziwike:

• musamalamulire ana
• sagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis,
• zotheka zomwe zimachitika sizisankhidwe.

Zizindikiro ndi contraindication

Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Type 1 shuga limodzi ndi insulin yochepa,
• T2DM ngati monotherapy kapena mankhwala apakamwa.

Tujeo osavomerezeka kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito zotsatirazi: hypersensitivity to the mahomoni kapena zigawo zina za mankhwalawo, osakwanitsa zaka 18, chifukwa chosowa chitetezo.

Gulu lotsatira la odwala liyenera kuthandizidwa mosamala kwambiri:

• pamaso pa matenda a endocrine,
• okalamba omwe ali ndi matenda a impso,
• pamaso pa chiwindi kukanika.

M'magulu awa aanthu, kufunikira kwa mahomoni kumatha kutsika chifukwa kagayidwe kake kamakhala kofooka.

Zofunika! Mukufufuza, palibe zotsatira zenizeni pa fetus zomwe zapezeka. Mankhwala amatha kuikidwa pa nthawi ya pakati, ngati pakufunika kutero.

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wodwala mosasamala nthawi yakudya. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupaka jekeseni nthawi yomweyo. Imayendetsedwa kamodzi kamodzi patsiku. Malangizo a maola atatu.

Mlingo wa mankhwalawa umatsimikiziridwa ndi endocrinologist potengera mbiri ya zamankhwala - zaka, kutalika, kulemera kwa wodwala, mtundu ndi njira ya matendawa amakumbukiridwa.

Mukasinthira mahomoni kapena kusinthira kwina, ndikofunikira kuyendetsa mwamphamvu kuchuluka kwa glucose.

Pakupita mwezi umodzi, zizindikiro za metabolic zimayang'aniridwa. Pakusintha, mungafunike kuchepetsedwa kwa 20% kuti muchepetse kwambiri shuga.

Zindikirani! Tujeo sakhala woweta kapena kusakaniza ndi mankhwala ena. Izi zikuphwanya mbiri yake yakanthawi.

Kusintha kwa Mlingo kumachitika mu milandu yotsatirayi:

• kusintha kwa zakudya
• kusinthana ndi mankhwala ena
• Matenda ochitika kapena omwe analipo kale
• kusintha kwa zolimbitsa thupi.

Njira zoyendetsera

Tujeo amangoperekedwa pokhapokha ndi cholembera. Malo omwe analimbikitsidwa - khoma lakunja lam'mimba, ntchafu, minofu yapamwamba kwambiri. Popewa kupanga mabala, malo a jakisoni sasinthidwa kupitilira gawo limodzi. Sizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mothandizidwa ndi mapampu a kulowetsedwa.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 amatenga Tujeo pa mlingo umodzi wophatikizana ndi insulin yochepa. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri amapatsidwa mankhwalawa ngati monotherapy kapena kuphatikiza ndi mapiritsi a 0.2 mayunitsi / kg ndikusintha.

Yang'anani! Asanakhazikitsidwe, mankhwalawa amayenera kusungidwa kutentha.

Phunziro la kanema pogwiritsa ntchito cholembera:

Zochita Zosiyanasiyana

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri zinali hypoglycemia. Kafukufuku wachipatala adazindikira zotsatirazi zotsatirazi.

Mukutenga Tujeo, zotsatirapo zoyipa zingachitike:

• kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe
• lipohypertrophy ndi lipoatrophy,
• thupi lawo siligwirizana
• zimachitika m'deralo jakisoni jekeseni - kuyabwa, kutupa, redness.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zambiri amapezeka pamene mlingo wa mahomoni obayidwa upitilira kufunikira kwake. Itha kukhala yopepuka komanso yolemetsa, nthawi zina imakhala yowopsa kwa wodwalayo.

Ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo pang'ono, hypoglycemia imakonzedwa potenga chakudya kapena shuga. Ndi zigawo zotere, kusintha kwa mankhwalawa kumatheka.

Woopsa milandu, limodzi ndi kuwonongeka, chikomokere, mankhwala amafunikira. Wodwalayo amaphatikizidwa ndi shuga kapena glucagon.

Kwa nthawi yayitali, vutoli limayang'aniridwa kuti lipewe zochitika zomwe zibwerezedwa.

Mankhwalawa amasungidwa pa t kuchokera ku + 2 mpaka +9 degrees.

Yang'anani! Ndi zoletsedwa kuti ziwundane!

Mtengo wa yankho la Tujeo ndi mayunitsi 300 / ml, cholembera cha 1.5 mm, cholembera ma 5. - 2800 ma ruble.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amaphatikiza mankhwala omwe ali ndi chophatikizira chomwecho (insulin Glargin) - Aylar, Lantus Optiset, Lantus Solostar.

Mankhwala omwe ali ndi vuto lofananira, koma zina zomwe zimagwira (insulin Detemir) zimaphatikizapo Levemir Penfil ndi Levemir Flekspen.

Yoperekedwa ndi mankhwala.

Maganizo a odwala

Kuchokera pakuwunika kwa a Tujeo Solostar, titha kunena kuti mankhwalawa sioyenera aliyense. Ambiri okwanira odwala matenda ashuga sakhutira ndi mankhwalawo komanso amatha kuchepetsa shuga. Ena, m'malo mwake, amalankhula za zoyenera kuchita komanso kusakumana ndi mavuto.

Adalimbikitsa Zolemba Zina Zogwirizana

Tujeo Solostar: mtengo muma pharmacies ndikuyerekeza mtengo, kusaka ndi dongosolo

Onetsani pamapu

Tujeo SoloStar yowonjezera Insulin Dose Kuwerengetsa Algorithm - Chitsanzo Chabwino

Choyamba, m'bale wanu ali ndi chipepeso chochepa cha shuga, chifukwa kuyambira 7 mpaka 11 mmol / l - awa ndi mashuga ambiri, omwe amatsogolera ku zovuta za matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chake, kusankha kwa kuchuluka kwa insulin yowonjezera kumafunika. Simunalembe nthawi yanji ya tsiku lomwe ali ndi shuga 5 mmol / l, ndipo akwera mpaka 10-11 mmol / l?

Basal Insulin Tujeo SoloStar (Toujeo)

Insulin yowonjezera Toujeo SoloStar (Toujeo) - gulu latsopano la kampani ya Sanofi, yomwe imatulutsa Lantus. Kutalika kwa kuchitapo kwake ndikutali kuposa kwa Lantus - kumatenga maola 24 (mpaka maola 35) poyerekeza ndi maola 24 a Lantus.

Insulin Tozheo SoloStar likupezeka mu ndende yayikulu kuposa Lantus (mayunitsi 300 / ml motsutsana ndi mayunitsi 100 / ml a Lantus). Koma malangizo ake ogwiritsira ntchito akuti mlingo uyenera kukhala wofanana ndi wa Lantus, umodzi mpaka umodzi. Ndikungokhala kuti kuchuluka kwa ma insulin awa ndi kosiyana, koma makulidwe m'zowunikira amakhalabe chomwecho.

Poyerekeza ndemanga ya odwala matenda ashuga, Tujeo amachita zinthu zosasangalatsa komanso wamphamvu kuposa Lantus, ngati mungayike muyezo womwewo. Chonde dziwani kuti zimatenga masiku 3-5 kuti Tujeo achite zinthu mokwanira (izi zikugwiranso ntchito kwa Lantus - zimatenga nthawi kuti zizolowere insulin yatsopano). Chifukwa chake, kuyeserera, ngati kuli kotheka, muchepetseni.

Ndilinso ndi matenda a shuga 1, ndimagwiritsa ntchito Levemir monga basal insulin. Ndili ndi pafupifupi mlingo womwewo - ndimayika mayunitsi 14 nthawi ya 12 masana ndi maola 15-24 maola 15 magawo.

Algorithm yowerengera kuchuluka kwa insulin Tujeo SoloStar (Levemira, Lantus)

Muyenera kucheza ndi wachibale wanu kuwerengetsa kwa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa insulin. Izi zimachitika motere:

1. Tiyeni tiyambe kuwerengera mlingo wamadzulo. Mbale wanu adye monga mwa nthawi zonse ndipo asadyerenso tsiku lomwelo. Izi ndizofunikira kuchotsa ma surges mu shuga omwe amayamba chifukwa chodya ndi insulin yochepa. Pena kuyambira 18-00 amayamba maola 1.5 aliwonse kuti amweze magazi. Palibenso chifukwa chodyera chakudya chamadzulo. Ngati ndi kotheka, ikani insulini yaying'ono kuti shuga ikhale yabwinobwino.
2. Pofika 22 koloko tengani mankhwala a insulin ambiri. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito Toujeo SoloStar 300, ndimalimbikitsa kuyamba ndi magawo 15. Maola 2 mutatha jakisoni, yambani kumwa miyezo ya shuga ya magazi. Sungani chojambulira - lembani nthawi ya jakisoni ndi zizindikiro za glycemia. Pali chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia, kotero muyenera kusunga china chokoma - tiyi wotentha, msuzi wokoma, ma cubes a shuga, mapiritsi a Dextro4, etc.
3. Peak basal insulini iyenera kubwera pafupifupi cha m'ma a.m., choncho khalani maso. Miyeso ya shuga imatha kupangidwa ola lililonse.
4. Chifukwa chake, mutha kuyang'anira mphamvu yamadzulo (usiku) Mlingo wa insulin yowonjezera. Ngati shuga amachepetsa usiku, ndiye kuti mankhwalawo ayenera kuchepetsedwa ndi 1 unit ndikubweretsanso kafukufuku womwe. Mosiyana, ngati shuga amakwera, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa Toujeo SoloStar 300 kuyenera kuwonjezeka pang'ono.
5. Momwemonso, yesani m'mawa mlingo wa basal insulin. Bwino osati pompopompo - yambani ndi kumwa kwa mankhwalawa, kenako musinthe tsiku lililonse.

Mukamawerengera insulin ya basal maola 1-1,5 alionse, kuyeza shuga

Monga zitsanzo zenizeni, ndipereka diary yanga posankha mtundu wa basal insulin Levemir (wogwiritsa ntchito mlingo wam'mawa mwachitsanzo):

Nthawi 7 koloko amayambitsa magulu 14 a Levemir.Sanadye chakudya cham'mawa.

Kuchokera pagome kumatha kuwoneka kuti ndinatenga mlingo woyenera wa insulin yayitali, chifukwa shuga imasungidwa pafupifupi chimodzimodzi. Ngati atayamba kuchuluka kuchokera pa maola pafupifupi 10-12, ndiye kuti ichi chizikhala chizowonjezera. Ndipo mosemphanitsa.

Insulin Tujeo Solostar: malangizo a amene akukonzekera, mtengo

Chiwerengero cha odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ku Russia aposa 6 miliyoni, theka la iwo ali ndi matendawa m'magawo omwe awola. Kupititsa patsogolo moyo wabwino wa anthu odwala matenda ashuga, kukulitsa ma insulin omwe akupitilizidwa kumapitilizabe.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zatsopano zamankhwala zolembedwa m'zaka zaposachedwa ndi Toujeo. Ichi ndiye insulin yatsopano ya basofi insulin, yomwe imayendetsedwa kamodzi patsiku ndipo imakulolani kupititsa patsogolo kayendedwe ka glycemic poyerekeza ndi omwe adayambitsa, Lantus. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, Tujeo ndiotetezeka kwa odwala, popeza chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndizochepa.

Malangizo achidule

Tujeo SoloStar ndi chimodzi mwa atsogoleri mdziko lapansi popanga insulin, nkhawa yaku Europe Sanofi. Ku Russia, zopangira zamakampani zakhala zikuyimiridwa kwa zaka zoposa 4. Tujeo adalandira satifiketi yoylembetsa ku Russia posachedwa kwambiri, mu 2016. Mu 2018, insulin iyi idayamba kupangidwa munthambi ya Sanofi-Aventis Vostok, yomwe ili mdera la Oryol.

Moni Dzina langa ndine Galina ndipo sindilinso ndi matenda ashuga! Zinanditengera milungu itatu yokhakubwezeretsa shuga kwachikhalidwe komanso kusakhala mankhwala osathandiza
>> Mutha kuwerenga nkhani yanga apa.

Wopanga amalimbikitsa kuti asinthane ndi Tujeo insulin ngati sizingatheke kulipirira chindapusa cha matenda ashuga kapena kuti achotse pafupipafupi hypoglycemia. Ambiri odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito Tujeo mosasamala kanthu za zomwe akufuna, chifukwa zigawo za Russia zidagula insulin m'malo mwa Lantus.

Zambiri zothandiza za Tujeo

Toujeo ndiye insulin yayitali kwambiri m'gulu lake. Pakadali pano, ndi apamwamba kuposa mankhwala a Tresib, okhudzana ndi ma insulin owonjezera. Tujeo pang'onopang'ono imalowetsa ziwiya kuchokera ku minofu yaying'ono ndipo mkati mwa maola 24 imapereka glycemia, pambuyo pake zotsatira zake zimayamba kufooka. Nthawi yogwira ntchito pafupifupi maola 36.

Monga ma inshuwiti ena, Tujeo sangathe kusintha kwathunthu kupangika kwa mahomoni. Komabe, mphamvu zake zimakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi zosowa za thupi. Mankhwala ali pafupifupi pang'onopang'ono zochitika patsiku, zomwe zimathandizira kusankha kwamankhwala, amachepetsa kuchuluka ndi kuvutikira kwa hypoglycemia, ndipo amakwaniritsa bwino matenda osokoneza bongo okalamba.

Tujeo insulin imalimbikitsidwa makamaka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi Mlingo wambiri wa mankhwalawa. Kuchulukitsa kwa jekeseni wolembera ndi syringe cholembera kumachepetsedwa pafupifupi katatu, chifukwa chake, kuwonongeka kwa minofu yam'mimba kumachepetsedwa, majekeseni amaloledwa mosavuta.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri: Lekani kudyetsa mafia azakudya nthawi zonse. Ma Endocrinologists amatipangitsa kuti tiziwononga ndalama mopitilira mapiritsi pomwe shuga m'magazi amatha kukhala ngati 143 rubles ... >> werengani nkhani ya Andrey Smolyar

Kusiyana kwa Lantus

Wopanga adavumbulutsa zabwino zingapo za Tujeo SoloStar pa Lantus, chifukwa chake, popanda kulipidwa kwabwino kwa matenda ashuga, amalimbikitsa kuti asinthane ndi mankhwala atsopano.

>> Werengani zambiri za Lantus insulin - werengani apa

Ubwino wa insulin Tujeo:

1. Kuchuluka kwa yankho kumakhala kocheperako, chifukwa chake, malo omwe mankhwalawo amakhudzana ndi mitsempha ya magazi amachepetsedwa, timadzi timalo timalowa m'magazi pang'onopang'ono.
2. Nthawi yochita zoposa maola 24, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wosunthira jakisoni popanda kuwononga thanzi lanu.
3. Mukasinthira ku Toujeo kuchokera ku insulin ina yoyambira, kufupika kwa hypoglycemia kumachepa. Zotsatira zabwino zimawonedwa mwa okalamba omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, madontho awo a shuga achepa ndi 33%.
4. Kusintha kwa glucose masana kumachepetsedwa.
5. Mtengo wa insulin wa Tujeo malinga ndi 1 unit ndiyotsika pang'ono kuposa Lantus.

Ambiri mwa ndemanga za odwala matenda ashuga ndi abwino, kusankha kwa mankhwalawa posintha insulin ndikosavuta, sizitengera sabata limodzi.

Odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Tujeo molingana ndi malangizo amalankhula za iye ngati mankhwala apamwamba, osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.

Tujeo sasangalala ndi anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito singano ya cholembera kangapo. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ndende, imakonda kukala, motero imatha kubowola bowo singano.

Zomwe thupi limachita Toujeo ndimunthu payekha, monga insulin iliyonse. Odwala ena akukumana ndi kulephera kotenga mankhwalawa, kudumphadumpha, kuwonjezeka kwa kufunikira kwa insulin yayifupi, ndi kuwonjezeka kwa thupi, chifukwa akubwerera kugwiritsa ntchito Lantus.

Kusintha kuchokera ku Lantus kupita ku Tujeo

Ngakhale pali zigawo zomwezi, insulin ya Tujeo siili yofanana ndi Lantus. Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito akuwonetsa kuti sungangopereka mankhwala ena ndi ena. Ndikofunikira kusankha mlingo watsopano komanso nthawi zonse glycemic control nthawi imeneyi.

Momwe mungasinthire kuchokera ku Lantus kupita ku Tujeo wokhala ndi matenda ashuga:

1. Timasiya kumwa koyamba kosasinthika, ngati tili ndi ma Tujeo ambiri monga momwe Lantus analili. Kuchuluka kwa yankho kumakhala kocheperako katatu.
2. Osasintha jakisoni nthawi.
3. Timayang'anira glycemia kwa masiku atatu, pomwe nthawi yake insulin imayamba kugwira ntchito mwamphamvu.
4. Timayeza shuga osati pamimba yopanda kanthu, komanso tikatha kudya. Lantus amatha kukonza zolakwika pang'ono pang'onopang'ono pakuwerengera chakudya chamagulu azakudya. Tujeo SoloStar sakhululuka zolakwitsa, chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kuwonjezera mlingo wa insulin yochepa.
5. Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezeka, timasintha mlingo. Nthawi zambiri pamafunika kuwonjezeka pang'ono (mpaka 20%).
6. Chilango chilichonse chamtsogolo chiyenera kuchitika masiku osachepera atatu kuchokera pa chomaliza.
7. Mlingo umawoneka kuti ndi wolondola ngati glucose pogona, m'mawa komanso pamimba yopanda kanthu, amasungidwa chimodzimodzi.

Kuti mukhale otsimikiza za mlingo woperekedwa, muyenera kutsatira njira ya jakisoni. Pamaso pa jekeseni, muyenera kumasula insulin kuti muwone momwe cholembera chikugwirira ntchito komanso kuchuluka kwa singano.

Chonde dziwani: Kodi mumalota kuti muthetse matenda ashuga kamodzi? Phunzirani momwe mungathetsere matendawa, osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okwera mtengo pokhapokha ... >> werengani zambiri apa

Kutenga insulin Tujeo kwa nthawi yayitali - njira zogwiritsira ntchito, zikuwonetsa, kuchuluka ndi kuwunika

Anthu ochulukirapo akudwala matenda a shuga. Kufalikira kwa matendawa kumabweretsa kuti makampani opanga mankhwala amapanga othandizira atsopano omwe amalola odwala kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino.

Chimodzi mwa mankhwala amakono ndi Tujeo, wopangidwa ndi kampani yaku Germany ya Sanofi yozikidwa pa glargine.

Kupangidwa kudzera mu jakisoni wotsekemera, insulin ya Tujeo imathandizira kuwongolera bwino kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kupewa nsonga zake, kupewa hyperglycemia ndi zovuta zina zathanzi.

Tujo SoloStar

Mankhwala Tujeo anapangidwa ndi kampani yaku Germany ya Sanofi. Idapangidwa pamaziko a glargine, omwe amasinthira kukhala insulin yotulutsa nthawi yayitali, yomwe imatha kuyendetsa bwino shuga ya magazi, kupewa kusintha kwadzidzidzi.

Tujeo ilibe zotsatirapo zoyipa, pomwe pali malo olimbikitsira ena. Mavuto ndi zotsatira zoyipa pamachitidwe amanjenje ndi mtima zimatha kupewedwa. Tujeo ndi yoyenera pochiza matenda amtundu woyamba 1.

Chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndi glargin 300, imawerengedwa ngati chinthu chapamwamba kwambiri chogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zochitika za insulin zikudziwika. Njira yoyamba yothetsera vutoli inali Lantus.

Ndi Tujeo, mutha kuwongolera moyenera ma insulin, muchepetse mlingo ndi gawo la mpweya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti jakisoni asakhale osasangalatsa komanso bwino kuyamwa kwa mankhwalawo kudzera m'matumbo oyenda pang'ono, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yofanana komanso yosakwiya.

Tujeo imawoneka ngati njira yopanda utoto, yopangidwira kuyang'aniridwa pansi pa khungu, imagulitsidwa ndi cholembera. Chofunikira kwambiri ndi insulin glargin 300 PIECES. Mwa omvera: