Matenda a shuga ndi akazi, amuna ndi ana

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe amayamba munthu akakhala kuti akusowa kupanga mankhwala opatsirana kapena kuchepa kwa chiwopsezo cha minyewa ya impso ku zotsatira zake. Zotsatira zake, pamakhala kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwamadzimadzi am'madzi am'mkodamo ndipo mumatha ludzu losasinthika. Ngati chindalama chonse cha madzimadzi sichichitika, ndiye kuti izi zimapangitsa kuti thupi lithe. Mbali yodziwika ya kuchepa kwamadzi ndi kukondoweza mtima - kukodza pafupipafupi.

Matenda a shuga amayamba kuoneka ngati vuto losakhalitsa. Zizindikiro zake mwa abambo, amayi ndi ana zimawonetsedwa ndi kulimba komweko. Matendawa amatha kuchitika monga imodzi mwazovuta za kulowerera kwa mitsempha. Kuchepa kwa mapangidwe a kusinthika kwina (kubwezeretsanso) kwamadzi ena mu mkodzo wa impso ndipo chimbudzi chake mumkodzo wocheperako kumachitika chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa kupangika kwa timadzi ta antidiuretic ndi hypothalamus.

Zoyambitsa matenda a shuga insipidus

Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga ndi kusokonekera. Komanso matenda osiyanasiyana amthupi onse. Zifukwa zake ndi izi:

• matenda a autoimmune - psoriasis, nyamakazi, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, myasthenia gravis, sarcoidosis, vitiligo, matenda a Addison, ndi zina zambiri.
• Matenda a oncological - khansa ya Prostate, khansa ya m'mawere, khansa yamatumbo, khansa ya ndulu ndi matenda am'mimba, khansa yam'mapapo, khansa ya m'mimba, khansa ya Hodgkin, myeloma, ndi zina zambiri.
• matenda opatsirana - actinomycosis, tonsillitis, ascariasis, matenda a Lyme, brucellosis, chibayo, hepatitis, diphtheria,
• matenda a mtima - angiopathy, atherosclerosis, aortitis, vasculitis, matenda oopsa, zotumphukira mtima aneurysms,
• matenda aubongo - Matenda a Alzheimer's, stroke stroke, khunyu.

Pali gulu la anthu odwala matenda ashuga malinga ndi mfundo zake:

• matenda apakatikati a shuga chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa pituitary-hypothalamic system - ntchito yam'mbuyomu ya neurosuction, kuvulala, zotupa, ndi zina zambiri,.
• nephrogenic shuga insipidus (aimpso) amakula chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi impso ku vasopressin komanso kuchuluka kwachulukidwe kamene kamapangidwira timadzi timeneti. Vasopressin imakulolani kuti muzilamulira ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, imitsani kukakamiza ndikukodza,
• idiopathic shuga insipidus sizikudziwikabe ndipo ali ndi etiology yosadziwika. Mwinanso chifukwa cha majini obadwa nawo.

Zinthu zopatsa chitukuko cha matendawa

Matenda a shuga ali ndi zinthu zake zomwe zimadzetsa matendawa. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• kuvulala kwamitsempha yama ubongo - kupindika, hematomas, mikwingwirima, kupsinjika kwa ubongo,
• machitidwe a ubongo ochitidwa - craniotomy, opaleshoni yopanga, opaleshoni ya stereotactic, opaleshoni ya endoscopic, ndi ena otero.
• kumwa kwa nthawi yayitali
• kusuta
• Kutenga nthawi yayitali kumwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi poizoni m'thupi la impso.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga insipidus

Osatengera zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga insipidus, Zizindikiro za matendawa zimakhala zofanana pazinthu zina zonse zamaphunzirowa. Komabe, kuopsa kwa Zizindikiro kumatengera mfundo ziwiri:

• kuchuluka kwa kusowa kwa ma antidiuretic mahomoni, kapena kusakhalapo kwathunthu,
• nephron tubule receptor immune vasopressin.

The pathogenesis matendawa amatha zonse mwadzidzidzi komanso pang'onopang'ono. Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda a shuga insipidus ludzu losagonjetseka (polydipsia) komanso kukodza kwambiri komanso pafupipafupi (polyuria). Zizindikiro zimavutitsa odwala ngakhale usiku.

Ndi matenda a shuga a insipidus, kutulutsa mkodzo tsiku lililonse kumakhala pakati pa malita 4 mpaka 15, ndipo nthawi zina malita 20. Chifukwa chake wodwalayo akumva ludzu lamphamvu. Matendawa akamakula, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimawonekera:

• kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi - khungu lowuma komanso ma mucous membrane, kuchepa kwambiri kwa thupi,
• Kutambasula ndi kutsitsa m'mimba chifukwa chakumwa madzi ochulukirapo,
• kuphwanya katulutsidwe ka michere yam'mimba m'matumbo ndi m'mimba kumachitika chifukwa chosowa madzi m'thupi. Zotsatira zake, kusowa kwa chakudya kumatha, kudzimbidwa kumayamba, gastritis ndi colitis zimatha,
• chikhodzodzo chimatambasulidwa chifukwa cha kukodza kwamkodzo kambiri,
• thukuta limachepa chifukwa chosowa madzi mthupi,
• kugunda kwa mtima kukuchuluka ndipo kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachepa,
• kupezeka kwa mseru wopanda vuto ndi kusanza,
• kutopa,
• malungo
• insipidar syndrome - kukodza mobwerezabwereza (mpaka 10 pa tsiku),
• envesis - bedwetting.

Popeza kukodza kwambiri komanso ludzu losatha nthawi zina kumachitika usiku, wodwalayo amakumana ndi zovuta m'maganizo ndi m'maganizo:

• kupweteka kwambiri m'mutu
• kusowa tulo
• Matenda a m'maganizo ndi chidziwitso cha dongosolo lamkati la mantha lomwe munthu amakhala nalo kwambiri. Psychoses ndi chiwopsezo chankhanza ndizotheka,
• kuchepa kwa ntchito zamaganizidwe.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga a insipidus zimasiyana mwa amuna, akazi, ndi ana. Zizindikiro za insipidus ya shuga mwa amuna zimaphatikizapo, kuwonjezera pa zonse pamwambapa: Kuchepetsa kugona pagalimoto ndi kugona kwa erectile (kusabala). Zizindikiro mwa akazi zingayambitse kusabereka, kusakhazikika kwa msamboNdipo kutenga pakati kumatha kutha.

Zizindikiro za insipidus ya ana osaposa zaka 3 ndi achinyamata sizosiyana ndi zizindikiro mwa akulu. Koma pali zizindikiro zenizeni za matendawa mu ana:

• kupweteka kwa molumikizana
• kuyamwa,
• kudzimbidwa
• kusanza pafupipafupi komanso kusanza mukamadya,
• kusadya bwino
• kunenepa.

Ndi matenda atachedwa, mwana amasokonezeka pakulimbitsa thupi ndi malingaliro. Pali zosiyana zikuluzikulu muakhanda ndi makanda:

• mwana sangakhale ndi ludzu kwambiri, koma amakonda madzi owonekera pamkaka wamawere,
• kukodza kumachitika pafupipafupi komanso kumatulutsa zambiri,
• nkhawa
• kuchepa thupi mwadzidzidzi,
• minofu turgor yafupika (kupanikizika kwa osmotic mkati m'maselo amoyo, zomwe zimayambitsa mikangano yama cell
• kusakhalapo kwathunthu kapena pang'ono,
• kusanza mobwerezabwereza
• kugunda kwa mtima
• kuchuluka kwambiri ndi kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa thupi.

Ana osakwana chaka chimodzi sangathe kunena pakumwa madzi, motero vuto lawo limakula kwambiri. Mwanayo akhoza kusiya kugona, kukhala wokonzeka kuchita chidwi, zomwe zimayambitsa kukomoka. Popanda kuzindikira ndi kulandira chithandizo, imfa ndiyotheka.

Madigiri ndi magawo a shuga a insipidus

Kutengera ndi chithunzi chonse cha matenda, matendawa ali ndi gulu lake malinga ndi zovuta:

• ofatsa. Matenda a shuga amodzi amadziwika ndi kutuluka kwamkodzo kwamasiku onse pamtunda wa malita 5-7,
• kalasi yapakatikati yodziwika ndi malita 8-13 a mkodzo wowonjezera patsiku,
• madigiri akulu. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku woposa 13 malita.

Ngati matenda a shuga a insipidus awongoleredwa mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala, njira yake imagawika m'magawo atatu:

1. Gawo la malipiro. Palibe zizindikiro za ludzu losasinthika pakadali pano. Kuchuluka kwa mkodzo wotuluka sikuchitika,
2. Gawo lothandizidwa. Pali zizindikiro za polyuria ndi ludzu lokhazikika,
3. Gawo la kubwezera. Pali kumverera kosatha kwa ludzu ndi zizindikiro zazikulu za polyuria, ngakhale atalandira chithandizo.

Zizindikiro

Kuzindikira zizindikiro za matenda a shuga insipidus nkolunjika. Njira zazikulu ndi ludzu losakhutira ndi kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kopitilira muyeso wa tsiku ndi tsiku (malita atatu patsiku). Kuzindikira matenda anagwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku wa labotalemfundo zofunika zomwe ndi: kuchuluka kwa sodium ndi calcium ambiri okhala ndi potaziyamu wambiri komanso hyperosmolarity ya madzi am'magazi. Mukamayang'ana mkodzo, kupezeka kwake kochepa komanso Hyperosmolarity kumapezeka.

Gawo loyamba lazindikira matenda a shuga chitsimikiziro cha kupezeka kwa kachulukidwe kachulukidwe ka polyuria. Ngati muli ndi matenda, mawonetseredwe amtundu wake ndi kuchuluka kwa mkodzo wofika 40 ml pa kilogalamu imodzi ya kulemera kwa thupi kosakwana 100 gramu imodzi. Ngati izi zatsimikiziridwa, ndiye kuti gawo lachiwiri lazidziwitso limachitika, lomwe limapangidwa kuyesa kowuma. Kodi ndi chiyani ndipo wodwalayo akufotokozedweratu kwa adotolo.

Njira iyi imaphatikizapo kukana kwathunthu kwakumwa kwa madzimadzi ndi kukana kudya koyenera m'maola 7 oyambilira. Wodwalayo asanamwe madzi ndikudya, osmolarity a mkodzo ndi magazi, kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kwa sodium m'magazi, kulemera kwa thupi, kutulutsa mkodzo ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi (mtima wamagazi) ndizotsimikiza. Pambuyo pakuletsa kudya ndi zamadzimadzi, makina a maphunziro amayenera kubwerezedwa maola 2 aliwonse, kutengera thanzi la wodwalayo. Matenda a insipidus amapezeka ndi:

• kutaya mtima kwaopitilira 6% ya thupi,
• kuwonongeka kwakukulu
• kuchuluka osmolarity ndi misempha sodium,
• kulandira mkodzo ndi osmolality mkati mwa 300 mOsm / l.

Kuyesa kouma kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa. Chifukwa chake odwala amatha kumva nseru, ayamba kusanza, kukokana, kukwiya kwambiri, kupweteka mutu komanso kutentha thupi. Ngati zizindikiro zonsezi zimachitika poyesedwa, zimayima.

Njira imodzi yodziwira matenda a shuga ndi mayeso a desmopressin. Kuyesaku kumakhudza kuperekedwa kwa desmopressin kwa wodwala. Pakati matenda a shuga a insipidus, kuchepa kwamkodzo kwamkodzo kumachitika, ndipo mu matenda a shuga a impso, kuchuluka sikumachepa.

Monga matenda osiyanasiyana, njira imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Komanso pamalonda apachipatala, kuchipatala:

• X-ray ya chigaza ndi chishalo cha ku Turkey,
• maginito oyang'ana m'maganizo kuti apeze kuchuluka kwamaganizidwe aubongo,
• ultrasound ndi yowerengeka tomography ya impso imachitika ngati akuganiza kuti aimpso a shuga insipidus,
• echoencephalography ndikuwunika kosasokoneza a ultrasound komwe kumalola kudziwa momwe maselo ndi kusintha kwa kayendedwe ka ubongo,
• excretory urography - x-ray ya kwamikodzo thirakiti.

Ndikofunikira kuyesedwa ndi neuropsychiatrist, ophthalmologist ndi nephrologist.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga insipidus

Pambuyo povomereza matendawa ndikuzindikira mtundu wa matendawa, chithandizo chimatanthawuza kuchotsa kwa zomwe zimayambitsa, ndiko kuti, zotupa zimachotsedwa, zotsatira zake pambuyo pokumana ndi kuvulala kwamtundu wamatumbo kumachotsedwa, mankhwala amathandizidwa, etc. Ntchito yayikulu pakuthandizira matenda a shuga insipidus imaseweredwa ndi kukula kwa mchere wamadzi ndikukhazikitsa njira zambiri zamchere.

Mankhwala

Mankhwala omwe amadziwika kwambiri pochiza matenda a shuga Desmopressin, yomwe imayikidwa m'malo am'mphuno. Komanso yopatsidwa kukonzekera kwanthawi yayitali ngati mawonekedwe a mafuta a pituitrin. Kuthetsa zisonyezo za neurogenic shuga insipidus carbamazepine ndi chlorpropamide ndi mankhwala. Mankhwalawa amathandizira kupanga mahomoni a antidiuretic.

Monga m'malo mwa vasopressin ogwiritsidwa ntchito Mapiritsi a Minirin. Mlingo ndi njira ya mankhwalawa imaperekedwa ndi adotolo, kutengera mtundu wa kusowa kwa mankhwala a antidiuretic kapena kusakhalapo kwathunthu. Kuchiza ndi mankhwalawa kumayamba ndi mlingo yaying'ono, womwe umawonjezereka ngati pakufunika. Zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandiza kuchepetsa matenda a shuga. phosphodiesterase-5 zoletsa.

Kuthana ndi matenda a shuga a nephrogenic insipidus ndi mankhwala, mankhwala amathandizidwa kuti muchepetse mkodzo wambiri. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• thiazide okodzetsa - Triampur, Hydrochlorothiazide, Clopamide, Indapamide, Chlortalidone. Mankhwalawa amalepheretsa kubwezeretsanso kwa chlorine m'matumbo a nephron. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa sodium m'magazi kumachepera pang'ono, ndipo kubwezeretsanso kwamadzi kumachuluka,
• anti-kutupa mankhwala - Etodolac, Diflunizal, Clofeson, Aspirin, Sulindak, Indomethacin. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amathandizira kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa zinthu zina kulowa mumkodzo wa nephron. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kumachepa ndipo osmolarity ake amakulirakulira.

Njira Zina Zothandizira Kunyumba

Monga njira zina zochizira matenda a shuga insipidus, tikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira zakudya ndipo, ambiri, timakhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Komanso, njira zamankhwala azikhalidwe sizimazipatula, pokhapokha ngati zikugwirizana ndi adokotala.

Kuti mumalize bwino chithandizo cha matenda a shuga insipidus ndi zotsatira zake, muyenera kutsatira zakudya zoyenera. Pazakudya, ndibwino kufunsa katswiri wazakudya. Thanzi liyenera kukhala ndi cholinga chofuna kuchepetsa mkodzo, kuti muchepetse ludzu losatha komanso chipukutiro cha michere.

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mchere, kuchuluka kwake sikuyenera kupitirira kuposa magalamu 5 patsiku. Zipatso zouma ndizothandiza, chifukwa zimakhala ndi potaziyamu yambiri, yofunikira popanga amkati vasopressin. Ndikofunikira kukana maswiti, chifukwa cha shuga wambiri. Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga kumeneku kumadzetsa ludzu lalikulu kwambiri. Kukakamizidwa kokwanira kukana kumwa mowa.

Zakudya za matenda a shuga insipidus mwa ana ziyenera kukhala ndi zipatso, zipatso, masamba ndi mkaka. Bwino kunyumba kuti mupange ma compotes, zakumwa za zipatso ndi timadziti kuchokera ku zipatso zatsopano. Mu shuga insipidus, phosphorous ndikofunikira kwambiri. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zikuluzikulu zomwe zimathandizira kuti ubongo ukhalerenso. Ndiye chifukwa chake ziyenera kuphatikizapo nsomba zonenepa kwambiri, mafuta a nsomba ndi nsomba zam'madzi mu zakudya.

Zothandiza mazira Koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ndi matendawa ndibwino kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa mapuloteni, chifukwa amawonjezera katundu pa impso. Zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ndi chakudya zamafuta zimayenera kuchuluka - batala, pasitala, mbatata, etc. Zakudya ziyenera kugawidwa kangapo patsiku, magawo azikhala ochepa.

Zithandizo za anthu

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a insipidus mothandizidwa ndi wowerengeka azitsamba zingakhale, komabe, amakhala osamala kwambiri posankha maphikidwe. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito izi:

• Madzi a sauerkraut ndi beets ofiira. Imwani brine ndi kabichi theka kapu katatu patsiku. Imwani nyemba zatsopano za chikho mu chikho cha kotala kanayi pa tsiku,
• Msuzi wa Plantain. Thirani mbewu za mbewu ndi kapu yamadzi, wiritsani kwa mphindi 5, zosefera ndi kumwa supuni katatu patsiku,
• Blueberry amaphukira ndi masamba. Ikani supuni ya masamba ndi mphukira mumtsuko, kutsanulira kapu ya madzi, wiritsani kwa mphindi 10, kupsyinjika ndi kumwa theka la magalasi 6 pa tsiku,
• Mizu ndi masamba a burdock. Finyani madzi, supuni supuni ziwiri zamadzi mu kapu yamadzi, tengani katatu patsiku, supuni imodzi,
• Decoction wa aspen bark. Tengani 20 gm ya khungwa, kutsanulira magalasi awiri amadzi. Madzi osamba a madzi kwa mphindi 30. Pambuyo kukulunga mu nsalu yovunda ndikusiya kukonzekera kwa maola atatu. Imani ndi kumwa chikho 1/6 Mphindi 30 musanadye katatu pa tsiku. Njira ya chithandizo ndi miyezi itatu.

Masewera olimbitsa thupi

Ndi matenda a shuga a insipidus, zochitika zilizonse zolimbitsa thupi sizikulimbikitsidwa. Koma munthawi yakukonzanso, masewera olimbitsa thupi sangapweteke. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi za matenda a shuga insipidus cholinga chake ndikukulitsa matenda a calcium, protein ndi mafuta metabolism.

Mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi lanu komanso ngati zizindikiro zikuyamba kuwonongeka, siyimitsani makalasi kapena muchepetsani katundu. Makalasi amayenera kukhala mchipinda chotseka kapena kunja. Muyenera kupumira m'mphuno ndipo kupuma kuyenera kukhala kwamtopola komanso kwaulere. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuyenera kusinthidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana a minofu ndikuchitidwa ndi matalikidwe olimba kumaphatikizana.

Kupewa

Palibe njira zachindunji zothandizira odwala matenda ashuga. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kukaonana ndi dokotala munthawi yake, kutsatira malingaliro onse ndikuyang'anira nokha thanzi lanu, kupewa zovuta.

Pankhani ya mawonekedwe a idiopathic a matendawa, kuchira kwathunthu ndikosowa kwambiri, koma palibe ngozi pamoyo. Iatrogenic ndi gestationalabetes insipidus ali ndi matendawo omwe amapita mwachangu, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kuchira kwathunthu. Imodzi mwa mitundu yosasangalatsa kwambiri ya matenda osokoneza bongo ndi matenda a shuga a impso.

Matenda a shuga - ndi chiyani?

Sikuti madzimadzi onse omwe amalowa impso zathu amakhala mkodzo. Pambuyo pakuchita kusefa, pafupifupi kuchuluka konse kwamkodzo koyamba kamabwezedwa m'mwazi kudzera m'misempha ya impso, njira yotchedwa reabsorption. Mwa malita 150 omwe impso imayendetsa, ndi 1% yokha yomwe imachotsedwera mkodzo wachiwiri wachiwiri. Kubwezeretsanso kumatheka chifukwa cha ma aquaporins - zinthu za mapuloteni zomwe zimapanga ma pores muma cell cell. Imodzi mwa mitundu ya ma aquaporin omwe ali mu impso, imagwira ntchito yake pamaso pa vasopressin.

Vasopressin ndi timadzi tomwe timapangidwa mu hypothalamus (gawo laubongo) ndipo timadziunjikira mu gitu (gland yapadera yomwe ili kumapeto kwa ubongo). Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikukhazikitsa madzi kagayidwe. Ngati kusowa kwa magazi kukwera, kapena kulibe madzi okwanira mthupi, kumasulidwa kwa vasopressin kumakulanso.

Ngati pazifukwa zina mahomoni atachepa, kapena maselo a impso asiya kumwa vasopressin, matenda a shuga atuluka. Chizindikiro chake choyamba ndi polyuria, mkodzo wambiri. Impso zimatha kuchotsa malita 20 a madzi tsiku lililonse. Wodwalayo amangokhalira kumwa madzi ndi kukodza. Mpweya woterewu umatopetsa munthu, kumakulitsa kwambiri moyo wake. Dzina lina la matendawa ndi matenda a shuga. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga insipidus amatenga gulu lolumala la 3, mwayi wowalandira kwaulere ndikupeza mankhwala.

Matendawa ndi osowa, kuchokera pa 1 miliyoni, anthu awiri omwe akudwala matendawa. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amayamba munthu wamkulu, kuyambira zaka 25 mpaka 40 - anthu 6 pa 1 miliyoni miliyoni. Nthawi zambiri, matenda a shuga amayamba mwa ana.

Zomwe zimasiyanitsa mitundu ndi mitundu ya ND

Kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa polyuria, insipidus ya shuga imagawidwa m'mitundu:

1. Matenda a shuga apakati - Zimayamba ndi kuwonongeka kwa ubongo ndikusiya kutulutsidwa kwa vasopressin kulowa m'magazi. Fomuyi imatha kuchitika pambuyo pochita opaleshoni yamanjenje, kuvulala, zotupa, meningitis ndi kutupa kwina kwa ubongo. Mu ana, mawonekedwe apakati nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha matenda owopsa kapena osachiritsika, matenda amtundu. Zizindikiro zazikulu mwa odwala zimawoneka pamene pafupifupi 80% ya maukosi a hypothalamus atasiya kugwira ntchito, izi zisanachitike, kuphatikiza kwa mahomoni kumalandidwa ndi madera osapezekanso.
2. Nephrogenic shuga insipidus - amakula pamene aimpso tubule receptors amasiya kuyankha vasopressin. Ndi mtundu uwu wa matenda ashuga, mkodzo nthawi zambiri umamasulidwa pang'ono poyerekeza ndi wapakati. Mavuto oterewa mu impso amatha chifukwa cha kukoka kwamkodzo mwa iwo, mawonekedwe a chotupa ndi zotupa, komanso njira yayitali yotupa. Palinso mtundu wina wobadwa nawo wa matenda a shuga a impso, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa impso mu mwana wosabadwayo.
3. Idiopathic matenda a shuga insipidus - kuzindikira kumapangidwa nthawi zambiri pomwe vasopressin sikokwanira, koma choyambitsa kusowa kwake sichingadziwike pakadali pano. Nthawi zambiri ichi ndi chotupa chaching'ono. Pamene ikukula, maphunziro akugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zowonera: MRI kapena CT. Idiopathic shuga insipidus imatha kuzindikira ngakhale kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, koma kusintha kwa impso sikupezeka. Nthawi zambiri imafotokozedwa ndi kusintha kwa majini. Zizindikiro zimawonedwa mwa amuna okha. Amayi amakhala onyamula jini yowonongeka, zizindikiro za matendawa zimatha kuwonekera pokhapokha njira zasayansi, yomwe ikuwoneka kuti polyuria palibe.
4. Matenda a shuga okakamiza - imatheka mwa amayi apakati, chifukwa chomwe chimapangitsa ndi vasopressinase ya mahomoni yopangidwa ndi placenta, yomwe imawononga vasopressin. Matenda amtunduwu amazimiririka pambuyo pobadwa - nkhani yathu yokhudza matenda ashuga.

Kuphatikiza pa kukhalapo kwa vasopressin m'mwazi, insipidus ya shuga imayang'aniridwa molingana ndi zizindikiro zina:

Zifukwa zachitukuko cha ND

Mtundu wapakati wa matenda a shuga ukhoza kupezeka zotsatirazi:

• kuvulala kwa hypothalamus ndi pituitary gland - kuwonongeka kwa mawebusayiti, edema m'dera lapafupi, kuponderezedwa ndi minofu ina.
• zotupa ndi ma metastases mu ubongo,
• Chifukwa cha opaleshoni kapena radiotherapeutic kulowerera mu ziwongo zamkati moyandikana ndi hypothalamus ndi gitu. Ntchito ngati izi zimapulumutsa moyo wa wodwala, koma nthawi zina (20% ya kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga) zimakhudza kapangidwe ka timadzi tambiri. Pali milandu yodziwika yokhudza matenda omwe amadzichiritsa okha, omwe amayamba atangopanga opereshoni ndikusowa m'masiku ochepa,
• radiation mankhwala zochizira zotupa mu ubongo,
• kufalikira kwamitsempha yamagazi m'matumbo amutu chifukwa cha thrombosis, aneurysm kapena stroke,
• Matenda a neuroinfpat - encephalitis, meningitis,
• matenda pachimake - kuchulukitsa chifuwa, chimfine. Mu ana, matenda opatsirana amatsogolera ku matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri kuposa achikulire. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a ubongo muubwana: kukula kwamitsempha yatsopano, kutsekeka kwa zotengera zomwe zilipo, chotchinga chotchinga magazi.
• granulomatosis yamapapu, chifuwa chachikulu,
• kumwa clonidine,
• kusinthika kwatsopano - microcephaly, chitukuko cha zigawo zaubongo,
• kuwonongeka kwa hypothalamus intrauterine matenda. Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga pankhaniyi zimatha kuonekera patapita zaka zambiri, mothandizidwa ndi kupsinjika, kupsinjika kapena kusintha kwa ma horoni.
• vuto la mtundu lomwe limapangitsa kuti kapangidwe ka vasopressin kosatheka
• Matenda a Tungsten ndi matenda ovuta obadwa nawo, kuphatikizapo matenda ashuga komanso matenda ashuga, kuperewera kwa maso ndi kumva.

Zoyambitsa za nephrogenic mawonekedwe a shuga:

• kukula kwa aimpso chifukwa cha matenda a impso, polycystosis, matenda ashuga nephropathy, urolithiasis,
• kuphwanya mapuloteni kagayidwe kachakudya ndi amyloid mu minofu ya impso,
• myeloma wa impso kapena sarcoma,
• vasopressin receptor kuchepa kwa majini mu impso,
• zotsatira za poizoni wa mankhwala ena: