Kukana kwa insulini: nchiyani chomwe chingayambike?

Insulin kukana kapena metabolic syndrome - zodziwika. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, pafupifupi 21% yaanthu yakhudzidwa ku Europe, ndi 34% ku USA. Pangozi ndi achinyamata komanso anthu opitilira 50, pomwe thupi ndilovuta kwambiri. Kodi nthendayi ndi chiani ndipo ndi chiani?

Kulemba mawu

Insulin imayambitsa shuga m'magazi, ndikofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito machitidwe ndi ziwalo zonse. Kukana kwa insulin kumatanthauza kuti thupi siligwirizana ndi ntchito zake, ndichifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa glucose kumawonjezeka kwambiri.

Pankhaniyi, kapamba amatulutsa timadzi tambiri ta peptide, chifukwa cholinga chake ndikulepheretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga kupitirira chizolowezi. Amayenera kugwira ntchito “mosinthana ndi masiku awiri”, zomwe zimabweretsa zovuta za mitundu yonse.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali vuto linanso - maselowo amakhala ndi kukana insulini, chifukwa chake mphamvu yake imagwera pang'ono. Kukana kwa insulin kumakhala mkhalidwe wakuthupi womwe umayambitsa kwambiri hyperglycemia ndi matenda a shuga mellitus.

Kanema: Lingaliro la kukana insulini, komanso zizindikilo zake, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Matendawa amatuluka mosavuta. Kugona, kutopa, kukwiya kapena kuchita zinthu mwankhanza, komanso kumva zina zopanda pake kumatha kukhala zizindikilo za mavuto ena azaumoyo, koma kale ndi "belu lonyinyirika", kuwonetsa kuti china chake cholakwika ndi thupi.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za kukana insulini zikuphatikizapo:

• kuchepa kwamaganizidwe,
• kukhumudwa
• njala yosalekeza
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• kutulutsa, mavuto ena ammimba,
• shuga wamagazi ambiri ndi triglycerides.

Mitundu yayikulu, kukana kumawonekera mu mawonekedwe a acanthosis - mawanga akuda amtundu kumapazi, mawondo, nsapato, ndipo nthawi zina kumbuyo kwa mutu. Acanthosis ikuwonetsa kuti matendawa adakula kale.

Wodwala amatha kuwona mawonetsedwe azizindikiro zomwe tafotokozazi, kuphatikiza khungu pakhungu, kwa zaka ziwiri kapena kupitirira. Koma ngati simuthetsa vutoli, pitilizani kukhala ndi moyo wopanda mavuto, zovuta zimakupatsani.

Zizindikiro

Nthawi zina zimakhala zosavuta kuzindikira matenda a metabolic. Ngakhale kuyesedwa sikuwonetsa kanthu koma kuchuluka kwa insulin kokhazikika m'magazi. Koma izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pamatenda, omwe adotolo odziwa adzazindikira nthawi yomweyo.

Njira yodziwira bwino kwambiri ndiyo mayeso owuma, omwe amatchedwa NOMA. Zimathandizira kuwerengera insulin kukana index, yomwe imalola ndi mwayi wa 97.9% kunena ngati wodwala ali ndi matendawa. Kuti tikonze zotsatira, kuyesedwa kwa oponderezedwa kumaperekedwa masiku atatu motsatizana.

Chosafunikanso kwambiri ndi kuyesa kwa shuga m'magazi. Imachitika nthawi yomweyo asanakatsimikizire index ya NOMA ndipo imachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu, monga kusanthula konse. Akangolandira chidziwitso chomaliza kuchokera ku labotale, dokotala amamulembera chithandizo.

Madokotala padziko lonse lapansi akuyesera kupeza yankho la funso limodzi lalikulu la odwala: "Kodi ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulin ikane bwanji?"

Mpaka pano, zifukwa zambiri zapezeka chifukwa chake maselo samayankhanso mokwanira ku insulin. Izi zikuphatikiza:

1. Kulephera kwamtunduwu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukula kwa thupi la mwana mkati mwa chiberekero. Ma syndromes ena omwe amatha kuzindikira nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati amadziwikanso kukhalapo kwa kukana kwa mwana.
2. Matenda a immune system omwe ma antibodies amawoneka omwe amalepheretsa insulin receptors. Mfundo zoyenera kuchita sizinaphunzirebe.
3. Mavuto ena a endocrine ndi zotupa, ndikupanga kuchuluka kwakukulu kwamahomoni, otsutsana ndi insulin, monga GH (kukula kwa mahomoni), cortisol, glucocorticoid.
4. Zakudya zopanda pake komanso kunenepa kwambiri. Mwa anthu onenepa kwambiri, chiopsezo cha metabolic syndrome ndi 40% kuposa omwe samadwala kwambiri.
5. Moyo wosachita bwino, kuphatikizapo kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kugwira ntchito, kupsinjika nthawi zonse.

Akatswiri amati kukana insulini kumakhudzidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi corticosteroids kapena mahomoni okula, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika zizolowezi zoipa. Metabolic syndrome nthawi zina imachitika motsutsana ndi kumbuyo kwa mavuto ndi ntchito yamtima kapena endocrine, monga chimodzi mwazizindikiro zamatenda akulu.

Kuopsa kotani

Kodi zotsalira za insulin ndizotani? Kodi ndiyenera kumveketsa pamene ndazindikira kuti dokotala wandipeza ndi dokotala? Mulimonsemo, mantha si njira yabwino yothetsera. Koma metabolic syndrome ndiyowopsa ndipo imafunikira chithandizo cham'tsogolo.

Zimayambitsa chisokonezo pakugwira ntchito kwa machitidwe onse ndi ziwalo zathupi, koma zambiri zimakhudzana ndi machitidwe oberekera komanso ozungulira. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti matendawa amabweretsa sclerocystosis yamchiberekero, kusabala, kulephera kumva kupweteka kwa akazi.

Kukana insulini kumayambitsanso matenda a Alzheimer's komanso mavuto ena a muubongo. Pothamanga kwambiri, kagayidwe kazakudya kali kowopsa kwambiri ndipo kungayambitse kukulitsa kwa atherosulinosis, ndipo pambuyo pake kumayambitsa matenda a mtima, sitiroko, komanso mavuto ambiri omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa magazi.

Ngozi yofunika kwambiri yodziwitsa za matendawa ndi chiopsezo cha matenda a shuga 2, momwemo sizingatheke kukhala popanda jakisoni wa insulin komanso kudya kwambiri. Imodzi yomwe siyinachitike pa jakisoni wa nthawi imatha kufa. Ndiye chifukwa chake ndizosatheka kunyalanyaza zizindikiro za matendawa kapena kuchedwetsa chithandizo cham'tsogolo.

Chithandizo ndi kupewa

Kupewa komanso kuchiza matenda a insulin ndi zovuta. Sikokwanira kungosintha moyo, kuyamba kudya bwino kapena kumwa mankhwala - zonsezi zimayenera kuchitika nthawi imodzi.

Choyamba, chithandizo chimalimbana ndi kuthana ndi kulemera kwambiri, chomwe ndichofunikira kwambiri mu metabolic syndrome. Kwa izi, zolimbitsa thupi za tsiku ndi tsiku zimachulukitsidwa ndipo zakudya zapadera zimapangidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu. M'pofunikanso kuti musiye ndudu ndi mowa, zomwe zimachepetsa kagayidwe kazinthu zonse zamagulu a shuga ndi glucose.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la metabolic amadziwika kuti adye chakudya, chomwe ndi cholumikizira chofunikira kwambiri pa unyolo. Ndikofunikira kupereka zokonda pazinthu zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic, kotero kuti amakweza pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kuthetsa malingaliro akumva njala kwa nthawi yayitali.

Zakudya zotsatirazi ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi zakudya:

• chipatso
• masamba
• amadyera
• mbewu zonse
• mtedza
• nyemba
• skim mkaka,
• nsomba zamafuta ochepa ndi nyama.

Pazakudya zopatsa thanzi, zakudya zimaphatikizapo zowonjezera zathanzi zomwe zimakhala ndi mavitamini ndi michere yochokera muzakudya zamagetsi zosavuta kudya. Mutha kumwa mankhwala achilengedwe, omwe samathandiza kuposa mankhwala, koma osakhala ndi zotsatirapo zake. Mwachitsanzo, infusions zochokera ku boliberries ndi birch bark.

Kuchokera pamenyu ndikofunikira kuchotsa zinthu zovulaza:

• shuga ndi chilichonse chokoma
• zokometsera, mchere wambiri
• chokoleti
• kuphika
• buledi, pasitala,
• zakudya zamafuta
• zakumwa zotsekemera za kaboni
• mbatata, kaloti,
• chakudya kuchokera kuzakudya zachangu.

Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwamafuta. Nthawi zonse zakudya zawo siziyenera kupitilira 10% ya zakudya zonse. Mafuta, komanso zomwe zalembedwera zimasokoneza thanzi ndipo zimayambitsa kwambiri shuga wamagazi, zomwe zimawopseza anthu omwe ali ndi metabolic syndrome.

Mankhwala

Muzochitika zovuta, mankhwala amalembedwa omwe amalimbana ndi shuga wambiri, kutsika cholesterol, komanso kuchepetsa magazi.

Pachifukwa ichi, magulu angapo a mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• thiazide diuretics ikufuna kuchepetsa makulidwe amitsempha yamagazi,
• biguanides, omwe akuphatikizapo Metformin, ogwiritsiridwa ntchito kunenepa kwambiri,
• Ma Clinides, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsitsa shuga wamagazi mukatha kudya,
• sulfonylureas, kukulitsa chidwi cha maselo kuti apange insulin.

Omwe amathandizira pokhapokha pokhapokha ngati chithandizo chofunikira chadzidzidzi chikufunika. Izi ndichifukwa choti sulfonylureas imayambitsa kusintha kwa mapuloteni a plasma, omwe ali zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri.

Kukana kwa insulini ndi matenda omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga wamagazi ndi kusintha kolakwika kwa thupi kwa insulin. Matendawa amabweretsa zovuta zingapo, zomwe zoyipa kwambiri ndizo shuga mellitus wa digiri yachiwiri.

Insulin kukana - mankhwala a insulin kukana

Kukana kwa insulin, kwenikweni, ndi momwe ma cell a mthupi samayankhira insulin, motero sangatenge shuga, kotero kusankha kwa zakudya zina komanso kupatula ena ndiye gawo lalikulu lothandizira kagayidwe ka glucose.

Kodi kukana insulini

Mawu akuti insulin kukaniza amatanthauza kulephera kwa maselo amthupi kuyankha ku insulin ya mahomoni. Kulephera kwa maselo kumangiriza mahomoni motero, poyankha chizindikiro chake kumapangitsa kuti glucose asatengeke ndi maselo.

Izi zimabweretsa onjezani shuga magazi ndipo, nthawi yomweyo, mulingo umakwera magazi insulinchifukwa mahomoni sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera.

Kodi chimayambitsa matenda otere ndi chiani?

Zifukwa: kubisalira kwambiri kwa insulin kapena vuto la chibadwa

Glucose kagayidwe zogwirizana kwambiri ndi kupanga insulin kuchokera kwa ma cell a beta. Maselo a thupi lathu amakhala ndi ma insulin receptor omwe amapezeka pa cell membrane, omwe amatilola kuyambitsa kayendedwe kazinthu ndikuyamba kuyamwa kwa shuga ndi maselo.

Komabe, nthawi zina, maselo amalephera kuyankha ndi insulin:

• Kupanga kwa insulini kwambiri: pakakhala kuchuluka kwa insulini kuchokera ku kapamba chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza shuga wamagazi kosalekeza chifukwa cha zakudya zosayenera.
• Kulephera kwamtundu: pamene ma receptor omwe ali pamwamba pa khungu amakhala ndi vuto lakubadwa kapena awonongedwa ndi ma antibodies.

Lembani A kapena Type B insulin

Ngakhale kukana insulini nthawi zonse kumabweretsa zotsatira chimodzi, i.e. kulephera kwa maselo kuyankha insulin, ikhoza kukhalapo m'mitundu iwiri:

• Lembani kukana kwa insulin: kofala kwambiri, komwe kumayenderana ndi matenda monga metabolic syndrome, matenda a shuga a 2 ndi ovary ya polycystic.
• Type B insulin kukaniza: mawonekedwe osowa a matendawa, a chitetezo chathupi. Chowoneka ndi kukhalapo kwa ma antibodies motsutsana ndi insulin receptors.

Kodi malire a insulin ali pakati pa malire otani?

Kuyesa ndi njira zowunikira

Mulingo wabwinobwino wa insulin ndi 6-29 μl / ml. Kuzindikira kwa insulin kukaniza kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zoyeserera, zasayansi kapena zamankhwala.

Za maphunziro a labotale, zatsatanetsatane wa insulin kukana ndi:

• Mayeso a Hyperinsulinulin-euglycemic: amakulolani kuyerekezera kuchuluka kwa glucose ofunikira kuti athe kulipirira kuwonjezeka kwa insulin popanda hypoglycemia.
• Kuyesa kwa insulini: kuyesa kwachipatala kumachitika kudzera mwa mayeso apadera.

Ngakhale njirazi ndizolondola, ndizovuta kugwiritsa ntchito pazachipatala, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwasayansi.

M'machitidwe azachipatala a tsiku ndi tsiku, m'malo mwake, njira zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Kuyang'anitsitsa kwa odwala: odwala omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri kapena ali ndi chiwopsezo chazungulira pamwamba pazenera nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi insulin.
• Kuyesedwa kwa pakamwa: kumachitika poyesa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kumwa 75 g shuga mkati.
• Mapindikira a insulini: amayesa kusinthasintha kwa insulin katulutsidwe, pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kudya. Nthawi zambiri imachitika limodzi ndi galasi la pakamwa la glucose.
• HOMA Index: Chofunikira chofunikira pakuwunika kukana insulini ndi HOMA (Homeostasis Model Assessement) Index.

Zinthu Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kuchulukana kwa Insulin

Zomwe zimapangitsa insulin kukana ndizosiyanasiyana, koma nthawi zonse zimayambitsa kulephera kwa maselo kuyankha insulin:

• Zopatsa thanzi komanso moyo: kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kumwa ambiri a shuga, maswiti komanso zakudya zamafuta, kukhala ndi moyo wokwanira komanso kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndizochitika zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa metabolic syndrome, kunenepa kwambiri komanso kukana insulini.
• Ma genetics: nthawi zina, pamakhala zovuta zina za majini mu insulin receptors, zomwe, chifukwa chake sizikugwira ntchito moyenera. Matenda ena a ana, monga Donohue syndrome ndi Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome, omwe amatsutsa kukana kwa insulin mwa ana, atha kukhala ngati zitsanzo.
• Immunology: pathologies of immune system omwe amachititsa kupangika kwa ma antibodies omwe amatsutsana ndi insulin receptors. Mpaka pano, njira izi sizimamveka bwino, koma zimatsogolera mtundu wa B insulin.
• Mahomoni: zovuta zina za endocrine, monga Cushing's syndrome kapena acromegaly, zimazindikira kukula kwa insulin, chifukwa mahomoni ambiri monga GH (kukula kwa mahomoni), cortisol ndi glucocorticoids, omwe ndi insulin antagonists, amapangidwa.
• Tumors: zotupa zina, monga pheochromocytoma ndi glucagon, zimazindikira kupanga mahomoni ambiri a insulin antagonist.
• Mankhwala: Kugwiritsa ntchito corticosteroids kapena mahomoni okula (GH) kungayambitse kukana kwa insulin.

Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti matenda ena amatha kukhala omwe amayambitsa ndipo, nthawi yomweyo, zotsatira za kukana kwa insulin, monga momwe tionere m'gawo lotsatira.

Zizindikiro zophatikizana ndi insulin

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha kukana insulin ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi, i.e. hyperglycemia ndi kuchuluka kwamagazi a insulin (hyperinsulinemia), omwe amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi zizindikiro monga kutopa, kugona, ndi kufooka wamba.

Komabe, pali zizindikiro zina zingapo zomwe zimayankhidwa pazotsatira zake, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zomwe zimayambitsa vuto ili, lomwe limakhudza ziwalo ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana, makamaka:

• Kuchokera pakubala: mkhalidwe wa insulin kukana umabweretsa mkhalidwe wa hyperandrogenism, ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kowonjezereka kwa mahomoni achimuna mwa akazi. Izi zimatha kubweretsa kusabereka, amenorrhea, ndi zovuta monga polycystic ovary syndrome. Ngati kukana kwa insulini kumachitika panthawi yapakati, kumatha kubweretsa padera, makamaka m'miyezi yoyambirira ya mimba. Kuchepa kwa thupi, chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a metabolic, chitha kupangitsanso insulin, chifukwa pali kusintha kwa kagayidwe chifukwa chosowa estrogen.
• Mafuta metabolism: kukana insulini kumapangitsa kusintha kwa kagayidwe kazakudya zamafuta acid.Makamaka, kuchuluka kwamafuta acids m'thupi kumawonjezeka, komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Izi zimatsimikiza zotsatira zingapo pamlingo wa adipose minofu: kuchuluka kwa mafuta acids kumabweretsa kulemera ndikuwonekera kwamafuta m'mimba, kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi, ndipo pamsempha wamitsempha kumawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi atherosulinosis.
• Matenda a mtima: Kukana kwa insulini kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto amtima, monga kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa sodium chifukwa cha hyperinsulinemia, kupanga mapangidwe amafuta m'mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kupita mumtima.
• Zilonda zamkhungu: Chimodzi mwazinthu zokhudzana ndi insulin kukana ndikupanga zotupa za pakhungu zotchedwa acanthosis, zomwe zimapangitsa khungu kusinthika, lomwe limayamba kuda ndi kuderera. Komabe, njira yolumikizirana ndi insulin kukana idakali yosadziwika.
• Type 2 matenda a shuga: zotsatira zofala kwambiri za kukana insulin. Imadziwonetsera ngati zizindikiro zapamwamba za matenda ashuga, monga ludzu lalikulu, kukodza pafupipafupi, kutopa, kusokonezeka.
• Zotsatira zina: Zina mwazotsatira za kukana insulini, mawonekedwe a ziphuphu, omwe amagwirizana kwambiri ndi polycystic ovary syndrome ndi hyperandrogenism, kuchepa kwa tsitsi, kumagwirizananso ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kupanga androgens.

Kodi kukana insulini kumachitika bwanji?

Kukana kwa insulini, makamaka komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi kuperewera kwa zakudya, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena kuchepa kwa mahomoni, amathandizidwa ndimankhwala omwe amapezeka mwachilengedwe komanso mankhwala omwe amathandiza kulimbana ndi vutoli.

Kuti mudziwe momwe mungathetsere kukana insulini, muyenera kufunsa dokotala yemwe azikupatsani chithandizo chomwe chiri choyenera kwambiri, kutengera zifukwa zomwe zidayambitsa vutoli. Ndipo tikukupatsani upangiri!

Pewani kukana insulini: zakudya ndi ntchito

Kudya pafupipafupi ndi imodzi mwanjira zazikulu kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la insulin. M'malo mwake, zakudya zopanda thanzi ndi zina zokhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri ndizomwe zimayambitsa insulin.

Chifukwa chake, kuchepetsa thupi ndikofunikira kuti muchiritse. Chifukwa chake, pali zinthu zina zomwe zimakondedwa komanso zina zomwe ziyenera kupewedwa.

• Zakudya zomwe amakonda: Zakudya zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic, ndiye kuti, zomwe zimakweza shuga m'magazi pang'ono, motero kuchepetsa njala kwakanthawi, ndizofunikira kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ufa wopanda tirigu, masamba osapsa, mafuta amkaka otsika kwambiri, mkaka wa skim. Nyama ndi nsomba zimakondanso.
• Zakudya Zopewera: Zakudya zonse zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga azikhala ndi magazi, monga makeke, shuga wosavuta, mkate ndi pasitala kuchokera ku premium ufa, ziyenera kupewedwa. Zakudya zamafuta, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi zomwe zimapezeka mu kaboni, zakumwa zoledzeretsa, komanso masamba ena amtengo a glycemic monga mbatata ndi kaloti ziyeneranso kukhala zochepa.

Chofunikanso ndiyenso zolimbitsa thupi zoyeneraanachita tsiku lililonse komanso katatu pa sabata kulimbikitsa kunenepa.

Tiyi ya zitsamba 1

• Supuni 1 imodzi yamasamba abulosi,
• Supuni 1 imodzi ya mbewu ya mabulosi
• 30 g wa masamba a mtedza
• 1 yodzaza njere za katsabola.

Tiyi ya zitsamba 3

• Masamba a Tage. Sage,
• 15 g wa masamba a buluzi,
• 35 g wa masamba a mtedza
• 35 g masamba a mabulosi.

Chithandizo cha Mankhwala a Resulin

Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo chikufuna kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi motero, kuthetseratu hyperinsulinemia.

Mankhwala omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito ndi a hypoglycemic omwe mungathe kudziwa:

• Biguanides: metformin ili m'gulu lino, ndipo ndi yoyenera makamaka makamaka pazovuta za insulin chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri, chifukwa zimachepetsa ndikumverera kwanjala.
• Ma glinides: mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsitsa shuga m'magazi mukatha kudya, pakati pawo timatha kudzipatula.
• Sulfonylurea: imawonjezera chidwi cha maselo kuti apange insulin, koma sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa amatha kuyambitsa kusintha kwa mapuloteni a plasma. Glycvidone, glipizide ndi glibenclamide ali m'gulu lino.

Tinayesetsa kupanga chithunzi chokwanira cha kukana insulini. Izi matenda ovuta kwambiri ndizowopsa, chifukwa chake kupewa ndikofunikira.

Kukana insulini

Insulin ndi thandizo lofunikira la thupi lathu, lomwe limayang'anira kagayidwe kazachilengedwe komanso kuchepetsa shuga. Koma aliyense amadziwa kuti timadzi timeneti ndi mankhwala ochiritsa, kapena, mankhwala othandizira matenda oopsa monga matenda a shuga.

Palibe mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakadali pano omwe adagwirizana ndi pharmacology mwachangu. Pasanathe chaka chimodzi kuchokera pa kuyeserera koyeserera kufikira pakufunsira chithandizo cha anthu.

Poyamba idatulutsidwa kokha kuchokera ku zikondamoyo za nyama (nkhumba, ng'ombe, ngakhale chinsomba), koma kupanga ma genetic sikuyima njii, ndipo ndi kukula kwake, asayansi aphunzira kupanga insulini mwadala.

Kumbukirani kuti insulin imapangidwa m'thupi la munthu aliyense ndipo imayang'anira metabolism. Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira molakwika kuti insulini ndi mankhwala omwe amangofunikira kwa anthu odwala matenda a shuga.

Ayi, ichi ndichofunikira chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimakhudza thupi lathu. Imangoyendetsa shuga wamagazi, komanso imakhala ndi anabolic komanso anti-catabolic.

Zolinga zakudziwiratu

Zolinga zakudziwiratu kukana insulini:

• Kuthetsa magazi ndimomwe kumayambitsa kukana insulinogenetics (cholowa),
• shuga wamagazi ambiri
• kunenepa kwambiri (makamaka mawonekedwe a masentimita ochulukirapo okhala ndi chozungulira),
• mtundu 2 shuga
• kusowa kwamadzi.

Matani amitundu yosiyanasiyana amakhala ndi insulin sensitivity. 10 mcED / ml (insulin ndende) mwa munthu wathanzi amafunika minofu ya adipose kuti athetse kusweka kwamafuta. Pofuna kupewa kutulutsa shuga m'magazi, maselo a chiwindi amayenera kuyamwa 30 mcED / ml. Ndipo ndendende nthawi khumi (100 mcED / ml) thupi lathu limafunikira kuti khungu la shuga lipezeke.

Kukana kwa insulini sikungophatikizapo matenda a shuga, komanso kumachulukitsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha matenda amtima. Insulin yomwe ili m'magazi imakhudza mwachindunji makhoma a mitsempha yamagazi.

Magulu ang'onoang'ono am magazi m'matumbo samasungunuka, zomwe zingayambitse kutsekeka.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "yoyipa" m'magazi, makoma a zombo amadzaza ndi mapepala, makoma amkati mwa carotid amakula, ndipo kuchuluka kwa magazi mkati mwake kumachepa.

Chithandizo chachikulu, kapena m'malo mwake, kupewa insulin, ndichakudya chofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya.

Koma sikuti mafuta onse omwe amakhala ovulaza thupi lathu: chimanga chosiyanasiyana chimatha kudyedwa mopanda mantha, koma chokoleti, tiyi wokoma ndi khofi, confectionery ndi ophika buledi zitha.

Asayansi pankhani ya genetics akugwira ntchito molimbika kuti apange mankhwala othandizira kukana insulini, koma zotsatira zake sizingasinthike. Tikukhulupirira kuti posachedwa zozizwitsa zamankhwala zimachitikadi, ndipo zitheka kuthandizira thupi lanu kuthana ndi vuto monga kukana insulini.

Kukana insulini

Kukana kwa insulini ndi mkhalidwe wazomwe zimafunikira tsiku ndi tsiku insulin mpaka magawo 100-200. Kukana kwa insulin kungachitike chifukwa cha kusintha zambiri, makamaka kuyambitsa kwa zotsutsana ndi zinthu.

Mothandizidwa ndi kuchulukitsidwa kwa ma tropic pituitary mahomoni (corticotropin, somatotropin, mahomoni a chithokomiro, prolactin), kuchuluka kwa glucocorticoids (hypercorticism), mineralocorticoids (pheochromocytoma), kapena pankhani ya mankhwalawa.

Zikatero, ndikokwanira kuthetsa zotsatira za zomwe zili zotsutsana kuti zithetse insulin.

Nthawi zina kukana insulini kumachitika chifukwa chakuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha insulin receptors, mawonekedwe a ma antibodies kuma insulin receptors kapena insulin yokha, ndikuwonongeka kwadzidzidzi kwa insulin.

Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kusintha mtundu wa insulin, kusinthira kukonzekera kwa insulin ya anthu kapena kupereka mankhwala a glucocorticoids, kupatsa mphamvu mankhwala osokoneza bongo ang'onoang'ono.

Othandizira a hypoglycemic mwa kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi kagwiritsidwe kazomwe zimayikidwa m'magulu angapo: sulfonamides, biguanides, cy-glucosidase inhibitors, oyang'anira a postprandial glycemia.

Pofuna kukhazikitsa kukonzekera kwa sulfanilamide kukonzekera, testee ndi mankhwala omwe amapezeka tsiku lililonse pamimba yopanda nthawi imodzi (mwachitsanzo, 3 mg butamide).

Glycemia imatsimikiza musanamwe mankhwalawa komanso mphindi 30 zilizonse kwa maola 5 mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito.

Ndi kuchepa kwa glycemia ndi 30% kapena kupitilira pamlingo woyambira, chidwi cha mankhwala a sulufa imawoneka kuti ndiwokhutiritsa.

M'badwo woyamba wa sulfonylureas yodziwika ndi mlingo wapamwamba wa tsiku lililonse wa mankhwalawa ndipo, monga chotsatira chake, kawopsedwe ake. Masiku ano, ambiri a iwo sagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mankhwala achibadwo chachiwiri amaperekedwa glibenclamide, (euglucon, daonyl, manninil), omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mlingo wa 1.75, 3.5 ndi 5 mg katatu patsiku, glycidone (glurenorm), glycoslazide (matenda ashuga, precy), glipizide (minidiab).

Mwachikhazikitso gulu latsopano la mankhwala amkamwa hypoglycemic gulu la glycidon, mwayi wake waukulu - Rapid kagayidwe mu chiwindi (ngakhale odwala kwambiri zilonda) ndi chimbudzi 95% kudzera m'mimba ngalande, amene amalola ntchito kwambiri matenda a impso, makamaka ndi matenda ashuga.

Mlingo wa Glenrenorm - 30 mg katatu patsiku. Kuphatikiza apo, glurenorm nthawi zambiri imabweretsa boma la hypoglycemic, samathandizira kuti achepetse kulemera, komanso amalolera odwala.