Kodi insulini imapangidwa kuti?

Mothandizidwa ndi matenda a shuga, munthu nthawi zambiri amayamba kumva mawu osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi matendawa kuchokera kwa madokotala. Tanthauzo limodzi mwa izi ndi insulin. Thupi limafunikira kuti lizikhala ndi shuga wokhazikika. Timadzi timene timapangitsa kuti shuga agwiritse ntchito mthupi, amawasintha kukhala glycogen ndikuwatsogolera kuti asungidwe kuti adipose minofu, minofu ndi chiwindi. Ngati kapangidwe kake kasokonekera, pamakhala chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga. Kuti timvetsetse za matendawa, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ndi chiwalo chiti chomwe chimatulutsa insulini komanso momwe angapangire kuperewera kwake.

Kodi insulin ndi chiani ndipo chifukwa chiyani imafunikira?

Insulin ndiye mahomoni okhawo omwe amatha kutsitsa shuga m'magazi. Zimapangidwa mu kapamba. Kuchuluka kwa timadzi timene timatulutsa timagazi. Ngati mulingo wake ukhalanso wokwera, ndiye kuti kupanga insulini kumachulukanso, ndipo ndi shuga wotsika - amachepetsa. Cholinga chophwanya njirayi makamaka matenda a shuga.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa ndi:

• Glycosuria - mawonekedwe a shuga mkodzo,
• Hyperglycemia - kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi,
• Polyuria - kukodza pafupipafupi,
• Polydipsia - ludzu lochulukirapo.

Kuperewera kwa chiwongolero cha shuga cha panthawi yake ndikuwonjezera ndi insulin kuchepa kungayambitse zovuta zazikulu. Insulin yochulukirapo imasokoneza njira yoperekera ubongo mphamvu ndipo imatha kuyambitsa matenda a hypoglycemic coma (kutsitsa shuga m'magazi pansi pazovomerezeka).

Udindo wa insulin

Kuchuluka kwa insulin ndi ntchito yake ndi gawo lofunikira pakugwira ntchito koyenera kwa thunthu lonse. Mahomoniwa amathandizira kutsitsa shuga wamagazi ndikupatsanso shuga m'maselo. Insulin imakhudza mafuta, mapuloteni komanso chakudya cha metabolism.

• Imaletsa mapangidwe a matupi a ketone,
• Imalimbikitsa kapangidwe ka glycogen polysaccharide, komanso mafuta acids m'chiwindi.
• Zimapangitsa kutembenuka (kaphatikizidwe) ka "glycerol" mu minofu ya adipose,
• Imathandizira kuyamwa ma amino acid ndikupanga "glycogen," komanso mapuloteni a minofu,
• Imalimbikitsa kukomoka kwa glycogen,
• Imaletsa kuphatikizika kwa shuga, omwe amapanga gawo mkati mwathupi,
• Zimathandizira pakuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni omwe amapezeka mumisempha,
• Imalimbikitsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa shuga,
• Imayang'anira kagayidwe ka mafuta ndikuwonjezera njira ya lipogenesis.

Ntchito Za Beta Cell

Maselo a Beta amatulutsa mitundu iwiri ya insulin:

• Yogwira
• Zosagwira Amatchedwa proinsulin.

Zokhudza mapangidwe a insulin:

• Pambuyo pakuphatikizidwa ndi maselo a Beta, magulu onse awiriwa amaphatikizidwanso mu Golgi tata (kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopangidwa ndi metabolic),
• Mu kapangidwe kameneka, C-peptide cleavages mothandizidwa ndi michere,
• Hemeni "insulin" imapangidwa,
• Insulin imasungidwa m'miyala yazinsinsi, momwe imadziwikiranso.

Hormoni imasungidwa ndi maselo a beta zikafunika. Izi zimachitika kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kukwera. Ngati chakudya chochuluka cha thupi chimalowa m'thupi la munthu ndi chakudya, ndiye kuti maselo a Beta amayamba kuchepa nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika mwa anthu okalamba, vuto la kuperewera kwa mahomoni likamawoneka ndipo chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda a shuga chikuwonjezeka.

Kodi insulin imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Insulin neutralization ya shuga amapezeka mu magawo angapo:

1. Choyamba, kupezeka kwa membrane wa khungu kumawonjezeka, pambuyo pake kumayamwa shuga kumayamba.
2. Glucose amasinthidwa ndi insulin kukhala glycogen. Amayikidwanso m'misempha, komanso m'chiwindi.
3. Pali kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Ngati njira yotseka shuga yapita m'magawo onse, ndipo pali insulini yokwanira, ndiye kuti palibe shuga. Izi ndizofunikira kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Kodi chithandizo cha insulin chikufunika liti?

Mu shuga mellitus, mkhalidwe wa odwala umadziwika ndi kusowa kwa insulin yawo, chifukwa chake chithandizo cha matendawa chimadalira pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera omwe ali ndi timadzi timeneti. Malangizo a mankhwalawa ndikofunikira kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1.

Njira ya mankhwala a insulin imakhazikitsidwa pokhazikitsidwa kwa insulin yoyenera ya mankhwala ena omwe ali oyenera m'thupi la munthu. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amasiyana ndi amodzi mu mitundu yamagulu, kuchuluka kwa jakisoni, komanso mitundu ingapo ya mahomoni ambiri. Insulin imatha kubayidwa ndi ma syringe apadera, mapampu kapena zolembera. Mapampu ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yoperekera mahomoni m'thupi. Njira yeniyeni yothandizira komanso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito zida zake pakukonzekera zimatsimikiziridwa ndi endocrinologist.

Insulin ndi mahomoni omwe amayang'anira thanzi la munthu. Ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwa mahomoni. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ashuga.

Ndi chiwalo chiti chomwe chimatulutsa insulini

Chifukwa chake, ponena kuti insulin imapangidwa m'thupi, titha kunena - kapamba. Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa momwe thupili limagwirira ntchito, chifukwa ngati pakuphwanyidwa pali kuthekera kwakukulu kwa kukhala ndi matenda ashuga, omwe amakhudza kwambiri mkhalidwe wa munthu.

Kasitomala sikuti amangokhala ndi ntchito yopanga insulin, komanso amakhala ndi malo ofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti chimbudzi chayamba kugaya. Ili ndi mawonekedwe osavuta: thupi, mchira ndi mutu. Koma gawo lililonse ili ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakukhalabe ndi thanzi.

Mlingo wa insulin

Miyezi yambiri ya insulini imapangidwa m'njira zofanana paubwana komanso ukalamba. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti pakapita nthawi, maselo amasiya kuzindikira mahomoni mwachangu ngati kale.

Mbiri ya insulin imatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa chakudya chomwe munthu wadya. Mwachitsanzo, ngati thupi lalandira chakudya chamafuta, ndiye kuchuluka kwa mahomoniwo kumachuluka kwambiri. Izi zidzafunika kwa anthu omwe akufuna kuphunzira momwe angawonjezere kupanga kwa insulin.

Chifukwa chake, mukatenga kusanthula koyenera, njirayi imachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu. Ndikofunikanso kuganizira kuti sampling yamagazi singakhale othandiza ngati munthu agwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wa insulini, popeza kuchuluka kwa mahomoni onse kumaonetsedwa.

Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti osati kuchepa kwake kokha, komanso milandu yomwe insulin yochulukirapo imabisidwa - zonsezi zimawonetsa kukhalapo kwa zolakwika zina pakugwira ntchito kwa kapamba.

Kutalika kwambiri kumatha kunena za kakulidwe ka neoplasms komwe kuli chipangizocho.

M'malo mwake, chowopsa chachikulu ndi shuga wambiri ndikuphwanya njira yogawa chakudya ndi kusintha kwina kukhala mphamvu. Chifukwa cha izi, maselo akusowa chakudya, amayesa kupeza kuchokera kumagulu oyandikana ndi thupi, potero nthawi zambiri amavulaza thupi.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumatsika, ndiye kuti chiwonetsero chachikulu cha shuga.

Matenda oopsa omwe amachepetsa chiyembekezo cha wodwalayo zaka zana kapena zingapo. Matendawa amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa zovuta zowopsa, zomwe zotsatirazi zimatha kusiyanitsidwa:

• Zowonongeka zam'mbuyo, zomwe zingapangitse kuwonongeka kwathunthu,
• Kuwonongeka kwa impso, komwe mapuloteni ofunika samasungidwa,
• Mapeto amitsempha yamafupa. Zotsatira zake - kutaya mtima, kukokana,
• Zolakwika pamtima dongosolo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa kugwidwa ndi matenda a mtima.

Ntchito za insulin m'thupi zimakhalabe ndi shuga komanso kupatsa mphamvu maselo a mthupi, potero amapanga kukhazikika kwa magawo onse amthupi.

Chifukwa chake, pothandizira matenda a shuga, insulin yokumba imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma ndikofunikira kuti mumvetsetse kuti sizingatheke kusinthitsa zachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala momwe angapangire kapamba kuti apange insulini.

Momwe mahomoni amagwirira ntchito

Ntchito ya insulin yoteteza magazi kukhala m'magazi imachitika m'magawo atatu:

1. Choyamba, kulowa kwa membrane wa khungu kumakulitsidwa.
2. Kuphatikiza apo, ma cell agulu amapanga ntchito yogwira pakamwa ndi pokonza shuga.
3. Gawo lomaliza limatengera kutembenuka kwa glucose kukhala glycogen - mphamvu yowonjezera komanso yokhazikika yamphamvu, yomwe imadziwika ndi kufalikira kwa chiwindi ndi minofu minofu. Mwambiri, thupi limatha kukhala ndi theka la gramu iyi yokhuthala yachilengedwe.

Njira yake yochitira zinthu ndi motere: munthu amayamba kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, pomwe glycogen imayamba kudya pang'onopang'ono, koma pokhapokha pomwe mphamvu zazikuluzikulu zimatha.

Ndizofunikanso kudziwa kuti kapamba amatulutsa osati ma insulin okha, komanso omwe amatchedwa antagonist - glucagon. Amapangidwa ndi kutenga nawo mbali m'magulu a A omwewo mbali imodzi, ndipo zotsatira zake ndikuwonjezera glycogen ndikuwonjezera shuga.

Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti mahomoni onse ndi ofunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa kapamba. Monga taonera kale, insulini imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunikira pakupanga michere ya m'mimba, pomwe glucagon imachita zinthu zotsutsana - imachepetsa kupanga, osalola ma enzyme kutulutsa maselo.

Zotsatira za zovuta za kupanga insulin

Pakachitika vuto la chiwalo chilichonse, thupi lonse lidzakhala loipa. Ponena za kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa kapamba, amatha kutha kuyambitsa matenda ambiri owopsa, omwe atha kukhala ovuta kupirira ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zamankhwala.

Mukanyalanyaza malangizo omwe adotolo athetse pakuchotsa matendawa, ndiye kuti kudwala kwamatenda kumakhala kovuta. Chifukwa chake, zikuwonekeratu kuti simuyenera kuchedwetsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira - ndibwino kuti mukachezere katswiri yemwe angakuthandizenso poika chithandizo choyenera, poganizira zovuta izi.

Mwachitsanzo, kutengera chifukwa chomwe kapamba samapanga insulini kapena, m'malo mwake, amatulutsa zochuluka, zotupa zotsatirazi zimatha kupanga:

• Pancreatitis
• Matenda a shuga
• Zotupa pa oncological.

Chifukwa chake, insulini ndi mahomoni omwe ntchito yawo ndikukhazikitsa shuga wamagazi ndikupanga ma enzymes. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kupatuka kulikonse kuchokera kuzonse za mahomoni kumawonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda ena omwe ayenera kuthana nawo posachedwa.

Kodi insulin ndi chiyani?

Ma protein a protein amatenga gawo lofunikira mthupi la munthu. Ndi chiwalo chiti chomwe chimatulutsa insulini, wophunzira aliyense ku yunivesite ya zamankhwala amadziwa. Izi ndizofunikira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto a kagayidwe kachakudya ka thupi. Kuphwanya kapangidwe ka timadzi timeneti kumatha kubweretsa matenda akulu - matenda ashuga.

Ntchito ya insulin

Ntchito yayikulu ya mahomoni ndikuwongolera kagayidwe. Choyamba, zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu. Timadzi timadzi timene timatengera thupi lathu. Kodi chikuchitika ndi chiani? Insulin imakumana ndi nembanemba yama cell amthupi, imayamba ntchito ya ma enzymes ofunikira kagayidwe. Chifukwa chake, shuga wambiri amaperekedwa m'magazi ofunikira kuti ubongo uzigwira ntchito bwino.

Ngati mukulankhula mophiphiritsa, insulin imakhala ngati fungulo, kudutsa mamolekyu am'maselo. Chifukwa chake, thupi limalandira mphamvu yofunikira kuti mukhale ndi moyo wonse. Palibe kiyi - mphamvu.

Chimachitika ndi chiani ngati insulini singapange zokwanira?

Maselo a beta akamwalira, timadzi timene timayamba kupanga pang'ono. Ndi chiwalo chiti chomwe chimatulutsa insulini, timadziwa kale. Ndikofunikanso kudziwa zomwe zingachitike ngati chinthu chopanga chitha. Pankhaniyi, kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga 1 amapangidwa. Odwala amatchulidwa jakisoni wa insulin. Popanda iwo, sangakhale ndi moyo wathanzi. Munthu akapanda kulowetsedwa ndi insulin, angamwalire.

Masiku ano, aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga amadziwa kuti ndi chiwalo chiti chomwe chimapanga insulin mthupi. Odwala otere amamvetsetsa kuti kuchepa kwa mahomoni kungapangitse kuti pakhale vuto la hypoglycemic coma. Matendawa ndi oopsa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amapha.

Kodi insulin iyenera kubayidwa liti?

Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, izi sizitanthauza kuti muyenera kuchita jakisoni wa m'madzi moyo wanu wonse. Kupanga kwa kupanga chinthu kumayikidwa pokhapokha maselo a beta atofa kwathunthu. Thupi lenilenilo silimabweza kutaya. Chifukwa chake, odwala omwe ayamba kale kupereka insulin, palibe kubwerera.

Ukadaulo wamakono suyima njo. Madokotala akhala akugwiritsa ntchito njira zobwezeretsa kapamba kwa nthawi yayitali. Masiku ano, pali njira yokhayo yobweretsanso mahomoni kuti apangidwe kwathunthu. Kuyika ma cell ku Beta ndi njira yodula yomwe ingabwezeretse moyo wabwino. Komabe, opareshoni imachitika m'makliniki ochepa kunja ndipo ndi okwera mtengo. Kuphatikiza apo, pakhoza kukhala zovuta ndi kupezeka kwa zinthu zopereka.

Kodi insulin imachotsedwa bwanji kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mankhwala?

Zomwe thupi la munthu limatulutsa timadzi timadzi tambiri timaselo tambiri timadziwika kale. Komabe, chinthu chomwe chidachokera kuchinyama chitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chake, insulin ikhoza kukhala nkhumba ndi bovine. Ma mahomoni awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mankhwala. Insulin ya nkhumba imakhala yamtengo wapatali. Chifukwa cha kuyeretsedwa kokwanira, thunthu limalekeredwa bwino ndi thupi. Pafupifupi musakhale ndi vuto lililonse. Insulin ya nkhumba imawonedwa kuti ndi yotsika mtengo, ndi thandizo lake ndikutheka kufulumira misempha yamagazi.

Zochita za insulin

Kuyeretsa kwa mahomoni kumatha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje osiyanasiyana. Zotsatira zake, kugulitsa kwa insulin pang'ono kapena kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kugulitsidwa. Kwa milandu mwadzidzidzi, mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito posachedwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito. "Insulin" yotereyi imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakukonzanso. Matenda a mtundu wa wodwalayo amapezeka mukangomwa mankhwalawo. Komabe, mahomoni opanga zinthu ngati amenewo amakhala maola ochepa chabe.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa mahomoni okhala ndi nthawi yayitali. Jakisoni imodzi ndi yokwanira tsiku. Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa molingana ndi malamulo onse ndikutsatira zakudya zapadera, mudzatha kukhala ndi moyo wokhazikika.

Zokhudza insulin

Ngati dokotala akufotokozerani pafupipafupi matendawa, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungabayire bwino. Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwalawo kumachitika zokha. Mlingo wa matenda a shuga, kuchuluka kwa odwala, mawonekedwe a chinthu china, kupezeka kwa ma concomitant pathologies amakhudzidwa. Kuwerengera Mlingo kumadalira thupi la wodwalayo. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa mankhwala "Insulin" amatha kusiyanasiyana kuchokera pa 0,5 mpaka 1 unit pa kilogalamu ya thupi la wodwalayo.Ndiye kuti, ngati wodwalayo akulemera makilogalamu 50, adzamulembera mayunitsi 25 mpaka 50 a mahomoni patsiku. Mu gawo loyambirira la matenda ashuga, mankhwalawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zochepa. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku uyenera kuwonjezeka panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati.

Kubweretsa insulin m'thupi ndi njira yapadera yomwe iyenera kuchitidwa mogwirizana ndi malamulo onse. Choyamba muyenera kusamba m'manja mokwanira, mankhwalawa ndi malo a mahomoni. Syringe ya insulini iyenera kutsegulidwa nthawi yomweyo asanalowe mthupi. Onetsetsani kuti mulibe mpweya mu syringe. Timadzi timabowo timabayira m'matumbo amafuta. Izi zitha kuchitika pamimba, matako, kumtchafu.